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Journal articles on the topic 'Plume de vapeur'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 7 July 2024

Last updated: 31 July 2025

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1

Fiedler, V., F. Arnold, S. Ludmann, et al. "African biomass burning plumes over the Atlantic: aircraft based measurements and implications for H<sub>2</sub>SO<sub>4</sub> and HNO<sub>3</sub> mediated smoke particle activation." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 11, no. 7 (2011): 3211–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-11-3211-2011.

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Abstract. Airborne measurements of trace gases and aerosol particles have been made in two aged biomass burning (BB) plumes over the East Atlantic (Gulf of Guinea). The plumes originated from BB in the Southern-Hemisphere African savanna belt. On the day of our measurements (13 August 2006), the plumes had ages of about 10 days and were respectively located in the middle troposphere (MT) at 3900–5500 m altitude and in the upper troposphere (UT) at 10 800–11 200 m. Probably, the MT plume was lifted by dry convection and the UT plume was lifted by wet convection. In the more polluted MT-plume, n

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Fiedler, V., F. Arnold, S. Ludmann, et al. "African biomass burning plumes over the Atlantic: aircraft based measurements and implications for H<sub>2</sub>SO<sub>4</sub> and HNO<sub>3</sub> mediated smoke particle activation." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics Discussions 10, no. 3 (2010): 7699–743. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acpd-10-7699-2010.

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Abstract. Airborne measurements of trace gases and aerosol particles have been made in two aged biomass burning (BB) plumes over the East Atlantic (Gulf of Guinea). The plumes originated from BB in the Southern Hemisphere African savanna belt. On the day of our measurements (13 August 2006), the plumes had ages of about 10 days and were respectively located in the middle troposphere (MT) at about 3000–5500 m altitude and in the upper troposphere (UT) at about 10 800–11 200 m. In the more polluted MT-plume, numerous measured trace species had markedly elevated abundances, particularly HNO3 (500

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3

Serra, P., J. Palau, M. Varela, J. Esteve, and J. L. Morenza. "Characterization of hydroxyapatite laser ablation plumes by fast intensified CCD-imaging." Journal of Materials Research 10, no. 2 (1995): 473–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/jmr.1995.0473.

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ArF excimer laser pulses (193 nm, 20 ns, 150 mJ) have been focused on a hydroxyapatite (HA) target in similar conditions to those normally used for thin film deposition. Fast intensified CCD images of HA laser ablation plumes have been taken in vacuum and under different water vapor pressures ranging from 0.01 mbar to 1 mbar. Images of HA ablation in vacuum have shown a plume freely expanding at a constant velocity of 2.3 × 106 cm/s. HA ablation under a water vapor pressure of 0.01 mbar has revealed an expansion behavior very similar to that of ablation in vacuum. Images taken under a water va

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4

Zhu, Xiaojing, Weihui Xu, Weishu Wang, Xu Shi, Gang Chen, and Shifei Zhao. "The Design of a Vapor-Condensing Plume Abatement System and Devices for Mechanical Draft Cooling Towers." Water 12, no. 4 (2020): 1013. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w12041013.

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Cooling towers are widely used in many fields, but the generation of visible plumes has a serious impact on the environment. Moreover, the evaporation losses also cause a great waste of water. In this paper, a vapor-condensing plume abatement system was designed for a mechanical-draft cooling tower based on the mechanism of vapor plume generation. An effective method to achieve water-saving and eliminate the water fog generated in the cooling tower was proposed, and its feasibility was verified by using thermodynamic analysis. Next, the vapor-condensing plume abatement device was designed and

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Celik, Siddika, Frank Drewnick, Friederike Fachinger, et al. "Influence of vessel characteristics and atmospheric processes on the gas and particle phase of ship emission plumes: in situ measurements in the Mediterranean Sea and around the Arabian Peninsula." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 20, no. 8 (2020): 4713–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-20-4713-2020.

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Abstract. A total of 252 emission plumes of ships operating in the Mediterranean Sea and around the Arabian Peninsula were investigated using a comprehensive dataset of gas- and submicron-particle-phase properties measured during the 2-month shipborne AQABA (Air Quality and Climate Change in the Arabian Basin) field campaign in summer 2017. The post-measurement identification of the corresponding ship emission events in the measured data included the determination of the plume sources (up to 38 km away) as well as the plume ages (up to 115 min) and was based on commercially available historica

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Devenish, B. J., and J. M. Edwards. "Large-eddy simulation of the plume generated by the fire at the Buncefield oil depot in December 2005." Proceedings of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences 465, no. 2102 (2008): 397–419. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspa.2008.0288.

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The explosion at the Buncefield oil depot in Hertfordshire, UK on 11 December 2005 produced the largest fire in Europe since the Second World War. The magnitude of the fire and the scale of the resulting plume thus present a stringent test of any mathematical model of buoyant plumes. A large-eddy simulation of the Boussinesq equations with suitable initial conditions is shown to reproduce the characteristics of the observed plume; both the height of the plume above the source and the direction of the downwind spread agree with the observations. This supports the use of the Boussinesq assumptio

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7

Zhuang, Jiawei, Daniel J. Jacob, and Sebastian D. Eastham. "The importance of vertical resolution in the free troposphere for modeling intercontinental plumes." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 18, no. 8 (2018): 6039–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-18-6039-2018.

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Abstract. Chemical plumes in the free troposphere can preserve their identity for more than a week as they are transported on intercontinental scales. Current global models cannot reproduce this transport. The plumes dilute far too rapidly due to numerical diffusion in sheared flow. We show how model accuracy can be limited by either horizontal resolution (Δx) or vertical resolution (Δz). Balancing horizontal and vertical numerical diffusion, and weighing computational cost, implies an optimal grid resolution ratio (Δx ∕ Δz)opt ∼ 1000 for simulating the plumes. This is considerably higher than

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Kiefer, Caroline M., Craig B. Clements, and Brian E. Potter. "Application of a Mini Unmanned Aircraft System for In Situ Monitoring of Fire Plume Thermodynamic Properties." Journal of Atmospheric and Oceanic Technology 29, no. 3 (2012): 309–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jtech-d-11-00112.1.

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Abstract Direct measurements of wildland fire plume properties are rare because of difficult access to regions near the fire front and plume. Moisture released from combustion, in addition to added heat, can enhance buoyancy and convection, influencing fire behavior. In this study, a mini unmanned aircraft system (miniUAS) was used to obtain in situ measurements of temperature and relative humidity during a prescribed fire. The miniUAS was successfully maneuvered through the plume and its associated turbulence and provided observations of temperature and humidity profiles from near the centerl

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Stewart, Sarah T., Simon J. Lock, Philip J. Carter, Erik J. Davies, Michail I. Petaev, and Stein B. Jacobsen. "Planetesimal Impact Vapor Plumes and Nebular Shocks Form Chondritic Mixtures." Planetary Science Journal 6, no. 5 (2025): 108. https://doi.org/10.3847/psj/adbe71.

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Abstract The origin of chondrules and the chondritic sedimentary rocks that dominate the meteoritic record is a long-standing problem in planetary science. Here, we develop a physical model for the formation of chondritic mixtures as an outcome of vaporizing collisions between planetesimals that were dynamically excited by the growth and migration of planets. We present calculations of nebular shock waves generated by impact vapor plumes and focus on aspects of the plume interaction with the nebular gas and dust that have been neglected in previous studies of impact ejecta. We find that when w

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Bian, Qijing, Shantanu H. Jathar, John K. Kodros, et al. "Secondary organic aerosol formation in biomass-burning plumes: theoretical analysis of lab studies and ambient plumes." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 17, no. 8 (2017): 5459–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-17-5459-2017.

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Abstract. Secondary organic aerosol (SOA) has been shown to form in biomass-burning emissions in laboratory and field studies. However, there is significant variability among studies in mass enhancement, which could be due to differences in fuels, fire conditions, dilution, and/or limitations of laboratory experiments and observations. This study focuses on understanding processes affecting biomass-burning SOA formation in laboratory smog-chamber experiments and in ambient plumes. Vapor wall losses have been demonstrated to be an important factor that can suppress SOA formation in laboratory s

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Ramamurthi, Divya, Cindy Chau, and Robert K. Jackler. "JUUL and other stealth vaporisers: hiding the habit from parents and teachers." Tobacco Control 28, no. 6 (2018): 610–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/tobaccocontrol-2018-054455.

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BackgroundSome consumers wish to use vapour devices discreetly so that family members, teachers and coworkers do not recognise their use of nicotine ortetrahydrocannabinol (THC) laden vapour.MethodsStealthy vapour devices, as well as low-odour and low-vapour e-juices, were identified via a comprehensive online search between March and June 2018.ResultsAs evidence of their popularity, a search for ‘stealth vaping’ on YouTube found 18 200 videos. A variety of cleverly designed vapour devices disguised as USB sticks, pens, remote controls, car fobs, smart phones, sweatshirt drawstrings and even a

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12

Real, E., K. Law, H. Schlager, et al. "Lagrangian analysis of low level anthropogenic plume processing across the North Atlantic." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics Discussions 8, no. 2 (2008): 7509–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acpd-8-7509-2008.

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Abstract. The photochemical evolution of an anthropogenic plume from the New-York/Boston region during its transport at low altitudes over the North Atlantic to the European west coast has been studied using a Lagrangian framework. This plume, originally strongly polluted, was sampled by research aircraft just off the North American east coast on 3 successive days, and 3 days downwind off the west coast of Ireland where another aircraft re-sampled a weakly polluted plume. Changes in trace gas concentrations during transport were reproduced using a photochemical trajectory model including depos

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13

Prata, Fred, Stefano Corradini, Riccardo Biondi, et al. "Applications of Ground-Based Infrared Cameras for Remote Sensing of Volcanic Plumes." Geosciences 14, no. 3 (2024): 82. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/geosciences14030082.

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Ground-based infrared cameras can be used effectively and safely to provide quantitative information about small to moderate-sized volcanic eruptions. This study describes an infrared camera that has been used to measure emissions from the Mt. Etna and Stromboli (Sicily, Italy) volcanoes. The camera provides calibrated brightness temperature images in a broadband (8–14 µm) channel that is used to determine height, plume ascent rate and volcanic cloud/plume temperature and emissivity at temporal sampling rates of up to 1 Hz. The camera can be operated in the field using a portable battery and i

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Real, E., K. S. Law, H. Schlager, et al. "Lagrangian analysis of low altitude anthropogenic plume processing across the North Atlantic." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 8, no. 24 (2008): 7737–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-8-7737-2008.

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Abstract. The photochemical evolution of an anthropogenic plume from the New-York/Boston region during its transport at low altitudes over the North Atlantic to the European west coast has been studied using a Lagrangian framework. This plume, originally strongly polluted, was sampled by research aircraft just off the North American east coast on 3 successive days, and then 3 days downwind off the west coast of Ireland where another aircraft re-sampled a weakly polluted plume. Changes in trace gas concentrations during transport are reproduced using a photochemical trajectory model including d

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15

Tseng, Wei-Ling, Ian-Lin Lai, Hsiang-Wen Hsu, Wing-Huen Ip, and Jong-Shinn Wu. "Surface Deposition of Icy Dust Entrained in Europa’s Plumes." Planetary Science Journal 6, no. 4 (2025): 90. https://doi.org/10.3847/psj/adc006.

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Abstract Europa, an icy moon of Jupiter, features complex surface characteristics shaped by tidal forces and interactions with its subsurface ocean, making it a key target for astrobiology research. Outgassing plumes have been reported using Earth-based observations and in situ Galileo mission data, though the nature of plumes on Europa remains largely unknown. This study investigates the dynamics of dust entrained in Europa’s water vapor plumes, which is crucial for understanding surface evolution and subsurface interactions. We employ the Direct Simulation Monte Carlo method to simulate thes

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16

Sahany, Sandeep, J. David Neelin, Katrina Hales, and Richard B. Neale. "Temperature–Moisture Dependence of the Deep Convective Transition as a Constraint on Entrainment in Climate Models." Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences 69, no. 4 (2012): 1340–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jas-d-11-0164.1.

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Abstract Properties of the transition to strong deep convection, as previously observed in satellite precipitation statistics, are analyzed using parcel stability computations and a convective plume velocity equation. A set of alternative entrainment assumptions yields very different characteristics of the deep convection onset boundary (here measured by conditional instability and plume vertical velocity) in a bulk temperature–water vapor thermodynamic plane. In observations the threshold value of column water vapor above which there is a rapid increase in precipitation, referred to as the cr

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17

Unterstrasser, S., and A. Stephan. "Far field wake vortex evolution of two aircraft formation flight and implications on young contrails." Aeronautical Journal 124, no. 1275 (2020): 667–702. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/aer.2020.3.

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AbstractLarge-eddy simulations (LES) have been employed to investigate the far-field four-vortex wake vortex evolution over 10min behind an aircraft formation. In formation flight scenarios, the wake vortex behaviour was found to be much more complex, chaotic and also diverse than in the classical single aircraft case, depending very sensitively on the formation geometry, i.e. the lateral and vertical offset of the two involved aircraft. Even though the case-by-case variability of the wake vortex behaviour across the various formation flight scenarios is large, the final plume dimensions after

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18

POVITSKY, ALEX. "FLUID DYNAMICS ISSUES IN SYNTHESIS OF CARBON NANOTUBES." International Journal of Nanoscience 04, no. 01 (2005): 73–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219581x0500295x.

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The majority of carbon nanotubes' synthesis processes occur in the presence of fluid (liquid, gas, plasma, or multi-phase flow) that may function as a carrier of catalyst particles, feedstock of carbon, and the heating or cooling agent. The fluid motion defines the temperature of catalyst particles and the local chemical composition of the fluid that determines the success of synthesis of high-purity nanotubes. In this review paper, the laser ablation process, high-pressure carbon oxide process, and chemical vapor deposition process are considered from the prospective of fluid dynamics modelin

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19

Randel, William J., Benjamin R. Johnston, John J. Braun, et al. "Stratospheric Water Vapor from the Hunga Tonga–Hunga Ha’apai Volcanic Eruption Deduced from COSMIC-2 Radio Occultation." Remote Sensing 15, no. 8 (2023): 2167. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs15082167.

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The eruption of the Hunga Tonga–Hunga Ha’apai (HTHH) volcano on 15 January 2022 injected large amounts of water vapor (H2O) directly into the stratosphere. While normal background levels of stratospheric H2O are not detectable in radio occultation (RO) measurements, effects of the HTHH eruption are clearly observed as anomalous refractivity profiles from COSMIC-2, suggesting the possibility of detecting the HTHH H2O signal. To separate temperature and H2O effects on refractivity, we use co-located temperature observations from the Microwave Limb Sounder (MLS) to constrain a simplified H2O retr

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20

Thorpe, Andrew K., Christian Frankenberg, David R. Thompson, et al. "Airborne DOAS retrievals of methane, carbon dioxide, and water vapor concentrations at high spatial resolution: application to AVIRIS-NG." Atmospheric Measurement Techniques 10, no. 10 (2017): 3833–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/amt-10-3833-2017.

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Abstract. At local scales, emissions of methane and carbon dioxide are highly uncertain. Localized sources of both trace gases can create strong local gradients in its columnar abundance, which can be discerned using absorption spectroscopy at high spatial resolution. In a previous study, more than 250 methane plumes were observed in the San Juan Basin near Four Corners during April 2015 using the next-generation Airborne Visible/Infrared Imaging Spectrometer (AVIRIS-NG) and a linearized matched filter. For the first time, we apply the iterative maximum a posteriori differential optical absorp

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Miller, Steven D., Louie D. Grasso, Qijing Bian, et al. "<i>A Tale of Two Dust Storms</i>: analysis of a complex dust event in the Middle East." Atmospheric Measurement Techniques 12, no. 9 (2019): 5101–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/amt-12-5101-2019.

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Abstract. Lofted mineral dust over data-sparse regions presents considerable challenges to satellite-based remote sensing methods and numerical weather prediction alike. The southwest Asia domain is replete with such examples, with its diverse array of dust sources, dust mineralogy, and meteorologically driven lofting mechanisms on multiple spatial and temporal scales. A microcosm of these challenges occurred over 3–4 August 2016 when two dust plumes, one lofted within an inland dry air mass and another embedded within a moist air mass, met over the southern Arabian Peninsula. Whereas conventi

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Puretzky, A. A., D. B. Geohegan, G. B. Hurst, M. V. Buchanan, and B. S. Luk'yanchuk. "Imaging of Vapor Plumes Produced by Matrix Assisted Laser Desorption: A Plume Sharpening Effect." Physical Review Letters 83, no. 2 (1999): 444–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/physrevlett.83.444.

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23

Sorenson, Blake T., Jeffrey S. Reid, Jianglong Zhang, Robert E. Holz, William L. Smith Sr., and Amanda Gumber. "Thermal infrared observations of a western United States biomass burning aerosol plume." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 24, no. 2 (2024): 1231–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-1231-2024.

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Abstract. Biomass burning smoke particles, due to their submicron particle size in relation to the average thermal infrared (TIR) wavelength, theoretically have negligible signals at the TIR channels. However, nearly instantaneous longwave (LW) signatures of thick smoke plumes can be frequently observed at the TIR channels from remotely sensed data, including at 10.6 µm (IR window), as well as in water-vapor-sensitive wavelengths at 7.3, 6.8, and 6.3 µm (e.g., lower, middle, and upper troposphere). We systematically evaluated multiple hypotheses as to causal factors of these IR signatures of b

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Gallagher, Neal B., Barry M. Wise, and David M. Sheen. "Error Analysis for Estimation of Trace Vapor Concentration Pathlength in Stack Plumes." Applied Spectroscopy 57, no. 6 (2003): 614–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1366/000370203322005283.

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Near-infrared hyperspectral imaging is finding utility in remote sensing applications such as detection and quantification of chemical vapor effluents in stack plumes. Optimizing the sensing system or quantification algorithms is difficult because reference images are rarely well characterized. The present work uses a radiance model for a down-looking scene and a detailed noise model for dispersive and Fourier transform spectrometers to generate well-characterized synthetic data. These data were used with a classical least-squares-based estimator in an error analysis to obtain estimates of dif

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Wen, Qian, and Xiang Dong Gao. "Analysis of Characteristic of Metal Vapor Plume during High-Power Disc Laser Welding." Applied Mechanics and Materials 201-202 (October 2012): 1126–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.201-202.1126.

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Metal vapor plume which induced during high power disc laser welding contains lots of information that related to the welding quality. Stainless steel 304 was taken as the experiment object for the high power disc laser welding experiment. A high-speed camera was used to capture the ultraviolet band and visible light band metal vapor plume images in the laser welding process. Image processing techniques such as median filtering, Wiener filtering, gray level threshold and image binarization were applied to get the images that only metal vapor plume was included. The ratio of the absolute value

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Hamadi, Farida, and El Hachemi Amara. "Effect of Argon Ambient Gas Pressure on Plume Expansion Dynamics." Advanced Materials Research 227 (April 2011): 129–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.227.129.

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In this paper we present a numerical modeling of a nanosecond laser pulse interaction with a titanium target. We investigate the vapor plume formation and the influence of the ambient gas pressure on plume expansion dynamics. The vapor plume formation depends on the results of the heat transfer in the solid target modeling. The solid-liquid phase change is modeled by a two dimensional approach using an enthalpy formulation. The resulting plume expansion in the argon background gas is studied using the species transport model. The algebraic equations are discretized by the finite volume method

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Hansen, C. J. "Enceladus' Water Vapor Plume." Science 311, no. 5766 (2006): 1422–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.1121254.

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Popel, S. I., and A. A. Gisko. "Charged dust and shock phenomena in the Solar System." Nonlinear Processes in Geophysics 13, no. 2 (2006): 223–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/npg-13-223-2006.

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Abstract. The results on shock phenomena in dusty plasmas of the Solar System are reviewed. The problems of dust ion acoustic bow shock in interaction of the solar wind with dusty cometary coma and formation of transient atmospheres of atmosphereless cosmic bodies such as Moon, Mercury, asteroids and comets are considered. The latter assumes the evolution of meteoroid impact plumes and production of charged dust grains due to the condensation of both the plume substance and the vapor thrown from the crater and the surrounding regolith layer. Physical phenomena occurring during large meteoroid

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Narezo Guzman, Daniela, Tomasz Frączek, Christopher Reetz, Chao Sun, Detlef Lohse, and Guenter Ahlers. "Vapour-bubble nucleation and dynamics in turbulent Rayleigh–Bénard convection." Journal of Fluid Mechanics 795 (April 13, 2016): 60–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/jfm.2016.178.

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Vapour bubbles nucleating at micro-cavities etched into the silicon bottom plate of a cylindrical Rayleigh–Bénard sample (diameter $D=8.8$ cm, aspect ratio ${\it\Gamma}\equiv D/L\simeq 1.00$ where $L$ is the sample height) were visualized from the top and from the side. A triangular array of cylindrical micro-cavities (with a diameter of $30~{\rm\mu}\text{m}$ and a depth of $100~{\rm\mu}\text{m}$) covered a circular centred area (diameter of 2.5 cm) of the bottom plate. Heat was applied to the sample only over this central area while cooling was over the entire top-plate area. Bubble sizes and

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Adrien, Muriel. "Pluie, vapeur et vitesse chez Turner." Cahiers victoriens et édouardiens, no. 71 Printemps (June 18, 2010): 167–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.4000/cve.2840.

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Rose, Clémence, Brice Foucart, David Picard, et al. "New particle formation in the volcanic eruption plume of the Piton de la Fournaise: specific features from a long-term dataset." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 19, no. 20 (2019): 13243–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-19-13243-2019.

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Abstract. New particle formation (NPF) is a key atmospheric process which may be responsible for a major fraction of the total aerosol number burden at the global scale, including in particular cloud condensation nuclei (CCN). NPF has been observed in various environments around the world, but some specific conditions, such as those encountered in volcanic plumes, remain poorly documented in the literature. Yet, understanding such natural processes is essential to better define pre-industrial conditions and their variability in climate model simulations. Here we report observations of NPF perf

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Pistone, Kristina, Paquita Zuidema, Robert Wood, et al. "Exploring the elevated water vapor signal associated with the free tropospheric biomass burning plume over the southeast Atlantic Ocean." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 21, no. 12 (2021): 9643–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-9643-2021.

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Abstract. In southern Africa, widespread agricultural fires produce substantial biomass burning (BB) emissions over the region. The seasonal smoke plumes associated with these emissions are then advected westward over the persistent stratocumulus cloud deck in the southeast Atlantic (SEA) Ocean, resulting in aerosol effects which vary with time and location. Much work has focused on the effects of these aerosol plumes, but previous studies have also described an elevated free tropospheric water vapor signal over the SEA. Water vapor influences climate in its own right, and it is especially imp

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Liu, W. T., C. L. Chu, and T. Zhou. "Thymol and Acetic Acid Vapors Reduce Postharvest Brown Rot of Apricots and Plums." HortScience 37, no. 1 (2002): 151–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.37.1.151.

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Fumigation with 1 mg·L-1 of thymol vapor retarded mycelial growth of Monilinia fructicola (G. Wint.) Honey. Mean colony diameter was reduced from 49 mm in the control to 13 mm when the conidia were cultured on potato dextrose agar. Fumigation of apricots (Prunus armeniaca L.) with 2 mg·L-1 of thymol vapor reduced the germination of M. fructicola conidia to 2% compared with 98% on untreated fruit. Microscopic observations showed that the spores fumigated with thymol were shrunken and had collapsed protoplasts. In in vivo experiments, surface-sterilized apricots and plums (Prunus salicina L.) we

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Fifer, Lucas M., David C. Catling, and Jonathan D. Toner. "Chemical Fractionation Modeling of Plumes Indicates a Gas-rich, Moderately Alkaline Enceladus Ocean." Planetary Science Journal 3, no. 8 (2022): 191. http://dx.doi.org/10.3847/psj/ac7a9f.

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Abstract Enceladus harbors an ocean beneath its ice crust that erupts spectacular plumes from fissures at the south pole. The plume composition was measured by the Cassini spacecraft, and provides evidence for the ocean’s gas content, salinity, pH, and potential for life. Understanding the ocean’s composition is complicated by physicochemical processes that alter the plume composition during eruption, such as water vapor condensation in the icy fissures and gas exsolution from the ocean surface. We developed a model that includes key fractionation processes, in particular fractionation during

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Bredemeyer, Stefan, Franz-Georg Ulmer, Thor Hansteen, and Thomas Walter. "Radar Path Delay Effects in Volcanic Gas Plumes: The Case of Láscar Volcano, Northern Chile." Remote Sensing 10, no. 10 (2018): 1514. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs10101514.

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Modern volcano monitoring commonly involves Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (InSAR) measurements to identify ground motions caused by volcanic activity. However, InSAR is largely affected by changes in atmospheric refractivity, in particular by changes which can be attributed to the distribution of water (H2O) vapor in the atmospheric column. Gas emissions from continuously degassing volcanoes contain abundant water vapor and thus produce variations in the atmospheric water vapor content above and downwind of the volcano, which are notably well captured by short-wavelength X-band SAR

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Mitra, Subhasish, and Geoffrey M. Evans. "Vaporization Dynamics of a Volatile Liquid Jet on a Heated Bubbling Fluidized Bed." Fluids 10, no. 1 (2025): 19. https://doi.org/10.3390/fluids10010019.

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In this paper, droplet vaporization dynamics in a heated bubbling fluidized bed was studied. A volatile hydrocarbon liquid jet comprising acetone was injected into a hot bubbling fluidized bed of Geldart A-type glass ballotini particles heated at 150 °C, well above the saturation temperature of acetone (56 °C). Intense interactions were observed among the evaporating droplets and hot particles during contact with the re-suspension of particles due to a release of vapour. A non-intrusive schlieren imaging method was used to track the hot air and vapour mixture plume in the freeboard region of t

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Yin Jie, 殷杰, 郝亮 Hao Liang, 杨亮亮 Yang Liangliang та ін. "激光选区熔化增材制造中金属蒸气与飞溅相互作用研究". Chinese Journal of Lasers 49, № 14 (2022): 1402202. http://dx.doi.org/10.3788/cjl202249.1402202.

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Setukha, A. V., and L. A. Shelygin. "Theoretical Basics for the Assessment of Wind Flow Aerodynamic Impact on the Facilities of Natural Gas Liquefaction and Refinement Plant." Occupational Safety in Industry, no. 6 (June 2024): 20–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.24000/0409-2961-2024-6-20-25.

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Leaks (spills) of liquefied gases evaporate rapidly on the ground (water) and initially generate a cold plume of heavy vapors. The plume spreads fast downwind, heats up with time, and can become positively volatile in case the concentration of interest for the study (above the lower flammability limit) is reached; therefore, the plume can rise and transform into a vapor cloud. The plume or the vapor cloud can ignite in the flash form. Such situations are possible at liquefied natural gas production plants or regasification units where large amounts of explosive substances are handled involving

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Legras, Bernard, Clair Duchamp, Pasquale Sellitto, et al. "The evolution and dynamics of the Hunga Tonga–Hunga Ha'apai sulfate aerosol plume in the stratosphere." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 22, no. 22 (2022): 14957–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-14957-2022.

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Abstract. We use a combination of spaceborne instruments to study the unprecedented stratospheric plume after the Tonga eruption of 15 January 2022. The aerosol plume was initially formed of two clouds at 30 and 28 km, mostly composed of submicron-sized sulfate particles, without ash, which is washed out within the first day following the eruption. The large amount of injected water vapour led to a fast conversion of SO2 to sulfate aerosols and induced a descent of the plume to 24–26 km over the first 3 weeks by radiative cooling. Whereas SO2 returned to background levels by the end of January

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Pumphrey, Hugh C., Michael J. Schwartz, Michelle L. Santee, George P. Kablick III, Michael D. Fromm, and Nathaniel J. Livesey. "Microwave Limb Sounder (MLS) observations of biomass burning products in the stratosphere from Canadian forest fires in August 2017." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 21, no. 22 (2021): 16645–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-16645-2021.

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Abstract. Forest fires in British Columbia in August 2017 caused a pyrocumulonimbus event that injected a polluted air mass into the lower stratosphere. The Microwave Limb Sounder (MLS) on the Aura satellite first observed the polluted air mass on 14 August 2017 and continued to observe it for 60 d (100 d in water vapour). We estimate the mass of CO injected into the stratosphere to be 2400 Gg. Events in which a fire injects its burning products directly into the stratosphere are rare: this is the third of four such events in the 16 years since the launch of Aura, the second largest of the fou

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Roger, Javier, Luis Guanter, Javier Gorroño, and Itziar Irakulis-Loitxate. "Exploiting the entire near-infrared spectral range to improve the detection of methane plumes with high-resolution imaging spectrometers." Atmospheric Measurement Techniques 17, no. 4 (2024): 1333–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/amt-17-1333-2024.

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Abstract. Remote sensing emerges as an important tool for the detection of methane plumes emitted by so-called point sources, which are common in the energy sector (e.g., oil and gas extraction and coal mining activities). In particular, satellite imaging spectroscopy missions covering the shortwave infrared part of the solar spectrum are very effective for this application. These instruments sample the methane absorption features at the spectral regions around 1700 and 2300 nm, which enables the retrieval of methane concentration enhancements per pixel. Data-driven retrieval methods, in parti

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Liu, Jiaqi, Bin Wei, Hongjie Chang, Jie Li, and Guang Yang. "Review of Visual Measurement Methods for Metal Vaporization Processes in Laser Powder Bed Fusion." Micromachines 14, no. 7 (2023): 1351. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/mi14071351.

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Laser powder bed fusion (LPBF) is of great importance for the visual measurement and analysis of the metallization process, which is the process of solid, liquid, and gas phase transformations of metal powders under high-energy laser irradiation due to the low boiling point/high saturated vapor pressure. Since the evaporation of metals involves the interaction of driving forces such as vapor back pressure, surface tension, and gravity, the movement of the melt pool is not stable. At the same time, it also produces vaporization products such as vapor plumes and sprays, which cause defects such

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Fiedler, V., F. Arnold, H. Schlager, A. Dörnbrack, L. Pirjola, and A. Stohl. "East Asian SO<sub>2</sub> pollution plume over Europe – Part 2: Evolution and potential impact." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 9, no. 14 (2009): 4729–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-9-4729-2009.

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Abstract. We report on the first observation-based case study of an aged East Asian anthropogenic SO2 pollution plume over Europe. Our airborne measurements in that plume detected highly elevated SO2 mole fractions (up to 900 pmol/mol) between about 5000 and 7000 m altitude. Here, we focus on investigations of the origin, dispersion, evolution, conversion, and potential impact of the observed excess SO2. In particular, we investigate SO2 conversion to gas-phase sulfuric acid and sulfuric acid aerosols. Our FLEXPART and LAGRANTO model simulations, along with additional trace gas measurements, s

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Jiménez-Rodríguez, César Dionisio, Miriam Coenders-Gerrits, Bart Schilperoort, Adriana del Pilar González-Angarita, and Hubert Savenije. "Vapor plumes in a tropical wet forest: spotting the invisible evaporation." Hydrology and Earth System Sciences 25, no. 2 (2021): 619–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/hess-25-619-2021.

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Abstract. Forest evaporation exports a vast amount of water vapor from land ecosystems into the atmosphere. Meanwhile, evaporation during rain events is neglected or considered of minor importance in dense ecosystems. Air convection moves the water vapor upwards leading to the formation of large invisible vapor plumes, while the identification of visible vapor plumes has not yet been studied. This work describes the formation process of vapor plumes in a tropical wet forest as evidence of evaporation processes happening during rain events. In the dry season of 2018 at La Selva Biological Stati

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Wen, Qian, and Xiang Dong Gao. "Analysis of Image Characteristics of Plume and Spatter of High Power Disk Laser Welding Based on K-L Transform." Advanced Materials Research 532-533 (June 2012): 330–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.532-533.330.

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Metal vapor plume and spatters are the important phenomena in the process of high power disk laser welding, and there exists a close relationship with the welding stability. The images of metal vapor plume and spatters which captured by a high speed camera during high power disk laser welding were analyzed in this experiment. Image processing techniques such as median filtering, Wiener filtering, gray level threshold and lightness transform were used to process the images so that the image characteristic parameters such as the area and number of spatters in an image, the average gray, mean val

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Immler, F., D. Engelbart, and O. Schrems. "Fluorescence from atmospheric aerosol detected by a lidar indicates biogenic particles in the lowermost stratosphere." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 5, no. 2 (2005): 345–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-5-345-2005.

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Abstract. With a lidar system that was installed in Lindenberg/Germany, we observed in June 2003 an extended aerosol layer at 13km altitude in the lowermost stratosphere. This layer created an inelastic backscatter signal that we detected with a water vapour Raman channel, but that was not produced by Raman scattering. Also, we find evidence for inelastic scattering from a smoke plume from a forest fire that we observed in the troposphere. We interpret the unexpected properties of these aerosols as fluorescence induced by the laser beam at organic components of the aerosol particles. Fluoresce

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Podrabinnik, Pavel A., Alexander E. Shtanko, Roman S. Khmyrov, Andrey D. Korotkov, and Andrey V. Gusarov. "Interferometry of Gas-Phase Flows during Selective Laser Melting." Applied Sciences 10, no. 1 (2019): 231. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app10010231.

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Gas-phase flows occurring in a plume in a processing zone during selective laser melting (SLM) can significantly affect the quality of the process. To further enhance SLM performance, the characteristics of the flows should be considered. In this article, the vapor-gas jet emerging from the laser processing zone was studied. It was visualized by interferometry to evaluate flow velocity, geometry and changes in refractory index depending on laser power. The velocity and pressure fields of the vapor jet and the entrained ambient gas were estimated by mathematical modeling. It was shown that the

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Hansen, C. J., L. W. Esposito, A. I. F. Stewart, et al. "Water vapour jets inside the plume of gas leaving Enceladus." Nature 456, no. 7221 (2008): 477–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nature07542.

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Brock, C., R. Hohenstein, and M. Schmidt. "Mechanisms of vapour plume formation in laser deep penetration welding." Optics and Lasers in Engineering 58 (July 2014): 93–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.optlaseng.2014.02.001.

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Kleinknecht, Simon Matthias, Holger Class, and Jürgen Braun. "Experimental study on retardation of a heavy NAPL vapor in partially saturated porous media." Hydrology and Earth System Sciences 21, no. 3 (2017): 1381–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/hess-21-1381-2017.

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Abstract. Non-aqueous-phase liquid (NAPL) contaminants introduced into the unsaturated zone spread as a liquid phase; however, they can also vaporize and migrate in a gaseous state. Vapor plumes migrate easily and thus pose a potential threat to underlying aquifers. Large-scale column experiments were performed to quantify partitioning processes responsible for the retardation of carbon disulfide (CS2) vapor in partially saturated porous media. The results were compared with a theoretical approach taking into account the partitioning into the aqueous phase as well as adsorption to the solid ma

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