Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Pluralisme juridique – Afrique'
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Gbaguidi, Ahonagnon Noël. "Pluralisme juridique et conflits internes de lois en Afrique noire." Bordeaux 4, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998BOR40018.
Full textThis work deals with legal pluralism with regard to land ownership successions and conflicts of laws and jurisdictions which it generates in africa notably in the of benin. This question, which, given a state under the rule of an officially standardised legal would not be a matter of any significant concern, becomes particularly interesting in the context of duality of personal and factural statutes. In fact, not is bound to the same personal statute: some are bound to modern statutes, to traditional statutes. The law of inheritance is ruled by two systems of succession with frequently contradicting concepts and regulations. Likewise, the is dualistic: the traditional landlaw system, dominated by collective possession on lineage is opposed to the modern system, founded on individual appropriation (in the sense of the code civil). Indeed, seen internationally, the existence of several systems applied simultaneously, seen domestically, equally engenders internal of interpersonal laws. It is this complex situation which makes land ownership successions a particularly interesting subject. One tries to know if land could be handed by succession in the traditional legal system. Subsequently of interest alsois, what the applicable law for succession, especially in the event of mixed successions? The absence of clear and precise rules for solving such cases by the legislature, the twists of jurisprudence and the doctrinal controversies make all definite responses to questions a little difficult. The present work is concerned with the above problem analysing the legislation, the jurisprudence and also the doctrine, which in the light of results of the research carried out in the area under study, tends to propose some solutions which could primarily serve in bringing about necessary reforms
Sow, Sidibé Amsatou. "Le pluralisme juridique en droit sénégalais des successions ab intestat." Paris 2, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987PA021031.
Full textThe juridical pluralism of intestate inheritance in senegalese law, a consequence historical, socio-cultural and political factors, has given rise to the coexistence of two different systems of inheritance : one based on modern law, the other on islamic law. The first has its principle source in the french law that senegalese legislation has tried to improve and adapt to social realities. The islamic statute is inspired bu classical islamic law to which some innovations have been introduced traditional customs, still tenaciously alive in certain ethnic groups, do not constitute a part of the written juridical system. Pluralism is expressed by means of an option, either stated or deduced from the deceased person's behaviour. This option or choice, based on the respect of individuals's desires and on the principle of secularity, represents a unilateral committment. Pluralism is a transitional solution that should end in the unification already prepared by the legislator who has been anxious to consolidate the senegalese nation and to further economic and social developement. The first consists in putting all the inheritance systems together and organising them into a hierarchy. Modern law predominates and represents common law, conceived as an authorities to be realised. The second method is an attempt to conciliate the existing inheritance statutes by sitting up general dispositions applicable to all, whatever the option taken. In the long run, the best means of unifiying family law seems to be the synthesis of customary law, islamic law, and modern law. If such a synthesis is to succeed, the latter of the different systems must give way to their spirit
Nkou, Mvondo Prosper. "Le dualisme juridique en Afrique noire francophone : du droit privé formel au droit privé informel." Université Robert Schuman (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995STR30011.
Full textThis thesis deals with pluralistic theory of law. It aims at studying juridical realites in french-speaking Black Africa, in the field of private relations. In the african countries conerned with this analysis, there are nowardays two relatively adequate juridical systems and to which civilians can appeal. On the one hand we have a State law, and the other hand popular law. The State law in these countries is essentielly influenced by the french law. It is based on philosophical principes that were in use in europe and particulary in France at a given time in the past. Thourgh unadjusted to african realites, this juridical system is neverthless used by pro-westernization lawmakers. But it is violated or not refered to in lower classes and particulary in villages in which informal law know as popular law is in use. Popular law, which is not to be confused with african traditional law, is a contemporary experimentation of social regulations which are both inspired by modern State law and african traditional law. It is then a new system emerging outside from official law
Adido, Sédami Armand. "La propriété des immeubles en Afrique Noire au regard du dualisme juridique : le cas du Bénin." Perpignan, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PERP1145.
Full textThere is not debatable point about landed property law in developed countries. In African French speaking countries, if s very difficult to define landed property law. French modem landed law coexists with African customary law. It results a law and logical conflict. Most of legal action is about landed property. French landed property law that African French speaking countries applies is decayed. About only 10% of the whole land is registered. It means that the land System safety is maladjusted. The non-registered lands are under African customary law. But they are also maladjusted to market economy. So land insecurity is worrying for government and judicial power This thesis is about thinking about the inadequacy of colonial French law and land reform in progress in Benin. We argue from comparative law to increase the African land System quality and convert the inconstant African customary law to modem and safe land law
Zannou, Martial Tiburce Arcadius. "Coexistence ou dualité des normes juridiques en matière de droit de la famille en Afrique de l'Ouest : cas du Sénégal et du Bénin." Aix-Marseille 3, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007AIX32038.
Full textFischer, Bénédicte. "Les relations entre l'administration et les administrés au Mali : contribution à l'étude du droit administratif des Etats d'Afrique subsaharienne de tradition juridique française." Phd thesis, Université de Grenoble, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00944623.
Full textEhongo, Dima Paul. "La "diversalité" en droit du commerce et de la concurrence : Un principe d'articulation des espaces normatifs en Afrique à partir du cas du Cameroun." Paris 1, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA010323.
Full textStirn, Nora. "Repenser la justice transitionnelle en Afrique subsaharienne : concilier l'un et le multiple dans la reconstruction des sociétés post-guerre civile." Thesis, Paris 1, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018PA01D031.
Full textThrough a comparative study of different African conflicts, this research aims at underlying the need for complementarity between the different judicial and extra-judicial mechanisms of the transitional justice process. Sierra Leone, Central African Republic, Rwanda, Uganda, Darfur, Mozambique, every post-conflict situation has its own experience of Transitional Justice. There is no pre-conceived solution to solve a conflict, where the frontier between victims and perpetrators is constantly shaken, and with mass atrocities committed by both sides. Be it International Justice, National Justice, Truth and Reconciliation Commissions, or Local and Traditional Justice, none of these mechanisms of Transitional Justice can be efficient if they aren't any linkage between them and if they are not adapted to each specific contexts. For post-conflict justice to be a catalyst toward Reconciliation and a Sustainable Peace, peacemakers have to look deep into the political, the historical, and structural reasons that led to the commission of international crimes. The purpose of this PhD project is to encourage the adoption of a renewed plural vision of Justice in Africa, which would meet more specifically the needs of the war-torn population for a long-term peaceful society
Dabo, Aïssata. "L’égalité de l’homme et de la femme dans le mariage en Afrique noire francophone : Étude comparée des Codes des personnes et de la famille du Bénin, du Burkina Faso et du Mali." Thesis, Bordeaux, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017BORD0882/document.
Full textFrench-speaking black African countries have renewed their civil rights, on the basis of the French civil code resulting from the 1804 colonial legacy. The texts issued from the reform called “Codes of persons and family” were supposed to put an end to legal pluralism within private relationships, resulting from the coexistence between positive law, customary and religious rules, by the unification of family rights. It provides at the same time the opportunity to confirm marriage regulations within the legal law of international human’s rights, particularly about nuptiality. In this respect, equality of man and woman held the central place in statements of laws patterns. However, the rights of sexual equality moreover disadvantage women. Much more, the sectoral character of the legal approaches concerning the reduction of the inequality, compromises the transforming role of the right. Furthermore, some facts demonstrate that normative pluralism remains and that its impact is negative on the efficiency of the rules in force.When we compare the Codes of Benin, Burkina and Mali it reveals that in return of some new rights instituted in favor of woman, for example the unapplied professional autonomy, irreconcilable customs with human rights such as polygyny has been incorporated in republican rights. It follows that some African legislators are not significantly detached from traditions that contribute to the maintenance of woman legal and social condition. This situation calls for deep reform of family rights, as well as the implementation of a governmental action plan to achieve equality of sexes within marriage
Ngando, Sandje Rodrigue. "Etat et Nation dans le constitutionnalisme africain : étude thématique." Thesis, Dijon, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013DIJOD007/document.
Full textOnly the State had a legal personality at the end of the 1789 Revolution. Derived from the phrase "[t] he State is the legal personification of a nation", the above-mentioned personality endows the first (state), to the detriment of the second (the nation), subjective rights. What about after the democratic revolution of 1989, that is to say, some two centuries later? This study attempts to show the revanche of the nation in legal theory from a context in which it was particularly bullied. On the one hand, the nation has a double mediate and immediate representation of the fact that it participates, with an initial legislative power, the formation of the general Will. We also know that the democratic renewal imposed the issue of legitimacy which the nation can control mediately (by the intermediation of the constitutional Court) or immediately (by referendum), the action of other organs including the constituent whose power skill set is framed by the constitution. Investment supranational bodies we discover more and more into the national legal trade makes the question of legitimacy more efficient when the nation, but also its various components (the ability to capture the regional, community or even international Instances), may require the condemnation of the State for breach of legal obligations. The idea of legitimacy is thus assumed for the nation, the opportunity to evaluate the work of state bodies from a large legal system. On the other hand, the constitutional recognition of national diversity and even taking into account the governance of the State profoundly reconfigured the principle of (national) sovereignty maintained by the revolutionary constitutional Law. Based on the principles of personality and territoriality, the African context provides evidence that the nation and sub-national communities are now holders of rights (political, socio-cultural) subjective, which changes the landscape of the modern State. We talk about plural juridical ways to characterize a plural political arrangement. It follows that the nation (not only her but all the sociological components of the State) has a dual legal personality (national and international) that opposes that of the State. The State remains in search of a new identity that will reflect the sum of the sub skills and supranational actors in the legal system which identity should also indicate the final direction of the postmodern theory of the legal personality of the State
Ceesay, Juanita. "A law and development analysis of parallel law systems within the natural resources sector in Africa." Thesis, Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018IEPP0043.
Full textThe normative position of this dissertation is that there is a constraint of the law with regards to the mining regime of resource rich countries in Africa. This has resulted in the creation of a pluralist system of law will continue to thrive in developing countries as a result of the historical context which most of these countries derive. However, having a mixed system comprising of a formal and informal legal regime does not necessarily equate a disadvantage. The problem arises when there is a reluctance in accepting one of these systems. This is the case currently with the informal regime which exists mostly as an unrecognized and therefore illegitimate system of law. Yet, evidence from this dissertation shows the advantages which informal rules and norms can offer to a country’s legal regime. In this regard, it is therefore reasonable to suggest that something ought to be done with this system as opposed to its continued marginalization in the shadows of the formal regime. This dissertation therefore proposes the formalization of selected attributes of the informal system which govern the natural resources sector of resouce rich countries in Africa. Moreover, the formalization envisioned in the mining sector, makes no attempt to codify laws and is in alignment with a local to international approach to law making. In this regard, the aim for formalization, as proposed by this dissertation, is in finding possible solutions for bridging the hiatus between the formal and informal regime which currently work in parallel with each other within the mining space. This is in hopes that the synchronizing of these two sets of laws would facilitate the flourishing of economic and human/social development based on the mining sector
Toguyeni, Aminata. "La participation juridique de l'Afrique de l'Ouest au commerce international : entre régionalisme et système multilatéral de l'OMC." Thesis, Dijon, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013DIJOD005.
Full textThe legal participation of the States of West Africa to international trade is reflected by the establishment of internal and external regional agreements and their accession to the WTO multilateral system. States are therefore facing individual legal commitments simultaneously and this raises the problem of their capacity as developing countries or LDCs to cope. Today the development of these States is at the heart of all trade negotiations in the framework of the new agreements economic partnership or one of the Doha round. But all these negotiations are at an impasse and it promotes the development of internal regional agreements. This study focuses on the various processes of interaction that can occur between regionalism and multilateralism. The effectiveness of the various trade agreements put in place by States West Africans assumes coherence and compatibility between them
Ekandzi, Nilce. "La protection des savoirs traditionnels médicinaux par le droit de la propriété intellectuelle dans l’espace OAPI." Thesis, Paris 2, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PA020014.
Full textTraditional medical knowledge, which is the aspect of traditional medicine relating to the knowledge of plant-based therapy and which goes from collecting plants to issuing a finished product, is a key component for providing health care coverage for all. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), traditional medical knowledge contributes about 80% of primary health care in Africa. Traditional medical knowledge is perceived as a valuable source of information useful to eradicate African endemic diseases. The WHO and the African Union (AU) consider that traditional medical knowledge is a serious way for researchers to develop new and affordable drugs. Traditional medicinal knowledge is also important for the drug industry where it represents 30% of the researches made in the pharmaceutical sector and constitutes the main source of information in the herbal medicine sector. The drug industry’s increasing interest for traditional medical and the huge media coverage for biopiracy cases strengthened the (scientific, economic, social and politic) value of traditional medicinal knowledge and contribute to justify their protection. However contrary to the current trend in many African countries, it appears that the African Intellectual Property Organization (OAPI) and the Bangui Agreement, does not provide any suitable legal protective mechanism for the intellectual property rights of the holders of traditional medical knowledge (traditional healers, families, indigenous and local communities).In view of the limits and weaknesses of the intellectual property mechanisms to provide an effective protection to traditional medicinal knowledge’s holders, it is quite legitimate to question the legal mechanism or system to implement. In other words, what type of sui generis protection OAPI members can enact to protect traditional medicinal knowledge? This is the question that the present study intends to answer. The aim is to demonstrate from a prospective approach with regards to human rights, international intellectual property law, civil law, biodiversity law, and national laws, in particular the ones of the Republic of Congo (Brazzaville), that it is possible to build a coherent and adapted legal regime
N'Diaye, Marieme. "La politique constitutive au Sud : refonder le droit de la famille au Sénégal et au Maroc." Phd thesis, Université Montesquieu - Bordeaux IV, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00881115.
Full textTravaini, Grégory. "De l’influence des puissances européennes sur la résolution des conflits en Afrique de l’Ouest : la culture juridique « africaine »." Thesis, Paris 2, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA020088.
Full textThis thesis is devoted to the study the influence of the European powers on past and present dispute resolution in West African legal systems and thereby to determine whether an "African legal culture" exists