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1
Bertrand, Tanguy. "Préparation et analyses des observations de l'atmosphère et des glaces de Pluton par la mission NASA New Horizons à l'aide de modèles numériques de climat." Thesis, Paris 6, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PA066243/document.
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Le 14 juillet 2015, la sonde New Horizons a survolé Pluton et a révélé un monde glacé débordant d’activité. Pour interpréter les observations, nous avons développé deux modèles numériques, l’un simulant les interactions surface-atmosphère des espèces volatiles sur des milliers d’années, l’autre dédié au climat 3D complet de Pluton. Avec ces modèles, nous analysons les cycles annuels et paléoclimatiques des glaces. Nos simulations reproduisent la distribution des espèces volatiles observées à la surface de Pluton, ainsi que leur abondance dans l’atmosphère. Nous montrons que l’insolation sur Pluton et la nature de son atmosphère favorisent la condensation d’azote au fond du bassin Sputnik Planitia, comme observé. Nous simulons, sur des échelles de millions d’années, des écoulements glaciaires de la calotte de glace dans Sputnik Planitia, ainsi que la formation de glaciers de méthane à l’équateur, des résultats très cohérents avec les observations. Nous nous intéressons ensuite à l’état de l’atmosphère de Pluton en 2015 avec le modèle 3D, caractérisant les régimes de vents, formation des nuages, températures, etc.... Nos derniers résultats mettent en évidence la sensibilité de la circulation générale à la distribution de la glace d’azote à la surface et suggèrent une rétro-rotation dans l’atmosphère de Pluton, induite par les flux de condensation-sublimation de l’azote dans Sputnik Planitia. Nous montrons également que plusieurs phénomènes sont à l’origine de la couche limite froide observée dans Sputnik Planitia. Enfin, en reproduisant les processus qui mènent à la formation de la brume organique, nous parvenons à expliquer l’extension de la brume observée au pôle nordOn July 14, 2015, the New Horizons spacecraft flew by Pluto and revealed an active frozen world.These observations call upon modelling efforts to complete their analysis and understand the mechanisms at play on Pluto. For this purpose, we have developed two numerical models of Pluto’s climate: a 2D model dedicated to the study of Pluto’s surface and a 3D model of Pluto’s atmosphere. We analyse the annual and paleoclimatic volatile cycles. Our simulations reproduce the distribution of the volatile observed on Pluto’s surface and their abundance in the atmosphere. We show that the solar insolation on Pluto and the nature of its atmosphere favour the condensation of nitrogen in the Sputnik Planitia basin, as observed. We simulate the glacial activity of the Sputnik Planitia ice cap on a timescale of millions of years, as well as the formation of methane glaciers at the equator. Our results are in agreement with the observations. We then focus on Pluto’s atmosphere in 2015 with the full 3D model where we performed a comprehensive characterization of the atmosphere: wind regimes, cloud formation, temperatures etc. ...We demonstrate the sensitivity of the general circulation to the distribution of the nitrogen ice on the surface and show that Pluto’s atmosphere currently undergoes retrograde rotation, induced by the condensation-sublimation of nitrogen in Sputnik Planitia. We also show that several phenomena originate at the cold boundary layer observed deep in Sputnik Planitia. Finally, by reproducing the processes that lead to the formation of organic haze, we simulate haze transport in the atmosphere and explain the greater extension of the haze observed at the north pole
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Meza, Quispe Erick Gregorio. "Observations d’occultations stellaires, applications à l’étude de la structure et l’evolution de l’atmosphère de Pluton Pluto’s atmosphere from the 29 June 2015 ground-based stellaroccultation at the time of the New Horizons flyby Pluto's atmosphere from stellar occultations in 2012 and 2013." Thesis, Sorbonne université, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018SORUS516.
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Les occultations stellaires au sol sont une méthode très efficace pour sonder l'atmosphère (N2) d'azote de Pluton à quelques kilomètres de la surface (pressure ~10microbar) jusqu’à 380km altitude (~10nbar). Cette atmosphère est fortement couplée aux propriétés de surface de Pluton (distribution des glaces, inertie thermique et température de surface), car l'azote gazeux est en équilibre de pression de vapeur saturante avec la glace d'azote. Cela induit de forts effets saisonniers, dus à la grande obliquité (120 degrés) et à l'excentricité orbitale élevée (0,25) qui amène la planète naine de 30 à 50 ua pendant la moitié de sa période orbitale de 248 ans. Le sujet principal de ma thèse est une vue d'ensemble de vingt occultations d’étoiles au sol par la planète naine Pluton, organisées entre 2002 et 2016 par le groupe d'occultation du LESIA à l’Observatoire de Paris. Mon analyse de onze campagnes d'occultations avec un rapport S/N élevé a été utilisée pour: (1) déduire les changements de pression atmosphérique de Pluton sur des échelles de temps décennales (1988-2016) et créer des contraintes sur les modèles saisonniers actuels de la planète naine, les mettant en perspective avec le survol de la sonde NASA New Horizons en juillet 2015; (2) comparer nos résultats obtenus au sol avec les résultats de New Horizons, en particulier avec les résultats du radio science experiment (REX) au-dessous de 115 km d'altitude; (3) utiliser les géométries reconstruites des occultations et le nouveau catalogue Gaia DR2 pour améliorer les éléments orbitaux de Pluton et créer une nouvelle éphéméride pour la planète naineGround-based stellar occultations are a very efficient method to probe Pluto's tenuous nitrogen (N2) atmosphere from a few kilometers above the surface (pressure ~10 microbar) up to 380km altitude (~10nbar). This atmosphere is strongly coupled with Pluto's surface properties (distribution of ices, thermal inertia and surface temperature), as the gaseous N2 is in vapor pressure equilibrium with the nitrogen ice. This induces strong seasonal effects, due to the large obliquity (~120 deg) and high orbital eccentricity (0.25) that takes the dwarf planet from 30 to 50 au during half of its 248 year orbital period. The main topic of my thesis is an overview of twenty ground-based stellar occultations by the dwarf planet Pluto, that have been organized between 2002 and 2016 by the LESIA occultation group. My analysis of eleven campaigns of occultations with hight S/N ratio has been used to: (1) derive Pluto's atmospheric pressure changes on decadal time scales (1988-2016), and provide constrains on the current seasonal models of the dwarf planet, putting them in perspective with the NASA New Horizons flyby of July 2015; (2) compare our ground-based derived results with the New Horizons findings, and in particular with the results of the radio science (REX) experiment below the altitude ~115 km; (3) use the reconstructed geometries of the occultations and the newly released Gaia DR2 catalog to improve Pluto's orbital elements and provide an new ephemeris for the dwarf planet
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Matsumura, Risa. "The petrogenesis of the Nelshoogte pluton: The youngest and most compositionally variable TTG pluton in the Barberton Granite-Greenstone Terrain." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/86589.
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Thesis (MSc)--Stellenbosch University, 2014ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The compositions of tonalite-trondhjemite-granodiorite (TTG)-series rocks from the Barberton Granite-Greenstone Terrain (BGGT) of Southern Africa vary in terms of major element concentrations (leuco-trondhjemites to tonalites), trace elements (e.g. Sr, Rb, REE) and degree of HREE depletion [(La/Yb)N ~ 0.50 - 121]. These geochemical parameters have been interpreted to have significance for the geodynamic processes that produced TTG magmas, particularly the depth of the source. In the Nelshoogte pluton, trondhjemite emplacement occurred prior to and during (D2)-tectonism, and hornblende-bearing tonalites/granodiorites occur as intrusive plugs within the trondhjemite. The geochemical range portrayed by the ca. 3230 Ma Nelshoogte pluton covers almost the whole range portrayed by all the TTG rocks of the BGGT, formed in the time interval 3550 to 3230 Ma. U-Pb zircon dating reveals no significant differences in apparent ages between the trondhjemites and tonalites of the Nelshoogte pluton; all lie between ca. 3240 and 3220 Ma. A/CNK- and Ti-maficity correlations within the Nelshoogte pluton show behaviour typical of I-type granitic rocks, confirming the metamafic character of the source and the involvement of a peritectic garnet and clinopyroxene component in the magmas. The REE and traceelement patterns resemble those of both ca. 3450 Ma TTG plutons and other ~ 3230 Ma TTG plutons in the BGGT. This suggests that these different generations of TTG magmas were generated from similar sources and by similar processes. The geochemical details are consistent with a metamafic source which underwent melting at high pressure. This TTG source was fundamentally different from the more potassic source/s that produced the younger 3100 Ma granites. Additionally, high Zr/Sm and low Nb/Ta ratios in the Barberton TTG rocks suggest that the Nelshoogte pluton originated as a group of chemically distinct magmas, in a similar way to other ~ 3200 Ma TTGs. The protoliths of ~ 3450 Ma plutons and ~ 3200 Ma plutons might typically be rutile-bearing eclogite and/or 10 to 30 % garnet bearing amphibolite. The geochemical features of the Barberton TTGs suggest similar source compositions, but different pressures of partial melting. For the ca. 3230 Ma plutons, the rocks of the Badplaas pluton and the Nelshoogte trondhjemites/tonalites correspond to the high-pressure magmas, as reflected by high Sr content, as well as high Sr/Y and (La/Yb)N ratios. In contrast, the Kaap Valley TTGs and Nelshoogte granodiorites reflect the melting of a similar source at moderate pressure. Furthermore, the Hf isotope data; Hft (+ 0.1 to + 1.9) and TDM model ages (3330 - 3230 Ma), suggest that the source rocks are ~ 20 to 100 Myr older than the pluton.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die samestellings van tonaliet-trondhjemiet-granodioriet (TTG)-reeks gesteentes vanaf die Baberton Graniet-Groensteen terrien (BGGT) van Suiderlike Afrika verskil in terme van hoofelement konsentrasies (leuko-trondhjemiete tot tonaliete), spoorelemente (bv. Sr, Rb en seldsameaarde-elemente(SAE)) en ook van swaar seldsameaarde-element (SSAE) uitputting [(La/Yb)N ~ 0.50 - 121]. Deur interpritasie is daar vasgestel dat hierdie geochemiese beperkings betekenis dra vir die geodinamiese prosesse wat TTG magmas produseer het, en veral vir die diepte van die bron. In die Nelshoogte pluton het trondhjemiet inplasing voor en gedurende (D2)-tektonisme voorgekom en horingblende-draende tonaliet/granodioriet kom voor as intrusiewe proppe binne-in die trondhjemiet. Die geochemiese reeks wat uitgebeeld is deur die ~ 3230 Ma Nelshoogte pluton ondersteun byna die hele reeks wat uitgebeeld is deur al die TTG gesteentes van die BBGT wat gevorm het gedurende die tydsinterval 3550 tot 3230 Ma. U-Pb sirkoon datering openbaar geen merkwaardige verskille in ouderdomme tussen die trondhjemiete en tonaliete van die Nelshoogte pluton nie. Al die ouderdomme lê tussen 3240 en 3220 Ma. A/CNK- en Ti-mafisiteit korrelasies binne die Nelshoogte pluton toon die tipiese gedrag van I-tipe granitiese gesteentes, en bevestig sodoende die metamafiese karakter van die bron, asook die betrokkenheid van ‘n peritektiese granaat en klinopirokseen component in die magmas. Die seldsameaarde-element en spoorelement patroone lyk soos dié van albei ~ 3450 Ma plutons en ander ~ 3230 Ma TTG plutons in die BGGT. Dit stel voor dat hierdie verskillende generasies van TTG magmas genereer was vanaf soortgelyke bronne en ook deur soortgelyke prosesse. Die geochemiese besonderhede stem ooreen met ‘n metamafiese bron wat smelting teen hoë druk ondergaan het. Hierdie TTG bron het fondamenteel verskil van die meer kalium-ryke bron/ne wat die jonger 3100 Ma graniete prodiseer het. In ‘n eenderse manier as ander ~ 3200 Ma TTG gesteentes, stel hoë Zr/Sm en lae Nb/Ta verhoudings in die Baberton TTG gesteentes verder voor dat die Nelshoogte pluton ontstaan het as ‘n groep chemies verskillende magmas. Die protoliete van ~ 3450 Ma plutons en ~ 3200 Ma plutons mag dalk tipies rutiel-draende eklogiet en/of 10 tot 30% granaat draende amfiboliet wees. Die geochemiese aspekte van die Baberton TTGs stel eenderse bron komposisies, maar verskillende drukke van gedeeltelike smelting voor. Vir die ~ 3230 Ma plutons stem die gesteentes van die Badplaas pluton en die Nelshoogte trondhjemiete/tonaliete ooreen met die hoë druk magmas, soos weerspieël deur hoe Sr inhoud, sowel as hoe Sr/Y en (La/Yb)N verhoudinge. In kontras weerspiel die Kaap Valley TTGs en Nelshoogte granodioriet die smelting van ‘n eenderse bron teen matige druk. Verder stel die Hf isotoop data; Hft (+ 0.1 to + 1.9) en TDM model ouderdomme (3330 - 3230 Ma) voor dat die bron gesteentes ~ 20 to 100 Mjr ouer is as die pluton.
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Schöpa, Anne K. "Incremental pluton growth : building of large magma chambers." Thesis, University of Bristol, 2013. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.633111.
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Numerical models of conductive heat flow have been used to explore the connection between incremental pluton growth and large magma chambers. The simulations include repeated sill injections of melt into the crust using variable repose times in between these injections. Adopting this novel approach of a changing magma flux during the emplacement time of a pluton, different intrusion scenarios are tested to constrain the conditions for melt accumulation in the crust during progressive pluton growth. Results reveal that only a rapid increase in magma flux above a background value representative for plutons can lead to the formation of magma reservoirs. Field observations, image analysis (lA) with the intercept method and an anisotropy of magnetic susceptibility (AMS) study are conducted in the silicic Lago della Vacca Complex (LVC) in the Adamello Batholith, northern Italy, to gain insight into magmatic and magnetic fabrics. Combining this data enabled a detailed emplacement scenario for the LVC to be developed. Furthermore, a comparison between the results of lA and AMS shows that these methods are consistent, thus emphasising the applicability of lA and AMS in silicic rocks to reconstruct intrusion emplacement. This is the first comprehensive comparison between AMS and mineral fabrics, obtained by field measurements, lA and computer-assisted X-ray micro-tomography (X-ray /LCT) of which we are aware. The X-ray /LCT images provide the base to acquire the shape-preferred orientation (Spa) of magnetites and mafic silicates, and the spatial distribution of magnetites in a sample. Results show that the AMS signal is consistent with the spa of magnetite grains and clusters but differs from the distribution of the magnetites, suggesting that the AMS is controlled by magnetite grain shape. Moreover, the AMS agrees with the field measurements, lA and the spa of the mafic silicates underlining that lA and AMS can be applied to characterise fabrics in ferromagnetic granitoids. III
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Kalaghan, Theresa A. "Deformation in the striped rock pluton, southwest Virginia." Thesis, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/56190.
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The Striped Rock pluton of the late-Proterozoic Crossnore Plutonic-Volcanic suite is located beneath the Fries Thrust zone in the Blue Ridge province of southwest Virginia. The multiphase granite pluton has been affected by episodes of brittle and crystal plastic deformation at both the microscopic and mesoscopic scales. Brittle deformation preceded and postdated crystal plastic deformation.
The pluton is cut by pervasive centimeter-scale cataclasite zones and ductile shear zones that vary in width from a few millimeters to several hundred meters. The majority of mylonite zones in the pluton strike east and northeast and are inclined moderately southeast. Cataclasite zones strike northeast and northwest. Deformation is most intense along the southern contact with the Cranberry gneiss where both pluton and country rock are deformed into a northeast-striking zone of mylonitic augen gneiss. The intensity of deformation decreases northwestward. Southeastdirected normal fault displacement is common to east and northeast-trending shear zones. A minor group of northwest-oriented shear zones dip moderately southwest and northeast and show sinistral, strike-slip displacement. Quartz-, chlorite- and stilpnomelane-filled cracks and veins with northeast and northwest trend uniformly overprint mylonite and cataclasite zones of all scales.
Microstructure changes progressively with increasing strain. Feldspar grains are cut by at least two generations of mineralized, dilatant microcracks. Minerals precipitated in the early set of microcracks have undergone extensive crystal plastic deformation. Late-stage microcracks are filled with completely undeformed minerals.
The spatial distribution of normal fault mylonite zones is geometrically consistent with generation during 1) late-Proterozoic extension, 2) Mesozoic extension, 3) rigid-body rotation during Paleozoic thrusting, or 4) "gravitational collapse" during Paleozoic thrusting. Field and microstructural evidence favor (4). The exact timing of deformation is not, however, well-constrained.Master of Science
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Smith, T. P. L. "Petrogenesis of a composite Hercynian pluton, Santa Eulalia, Portugal." Thesis, University of Reading, 1988. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.233641.
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Jefferies, N. L. "The distribution of uranium in the Carnmenellis pluton, Cornwall." Thesis, University of Exeter, 1988. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.381311.
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Allen, Charlotte M. "Petrogenesis of the reversely zoned Turtle pluton, Southeastern California." Diss., Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/54480.
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Few plutons with a reversed geometry of a felsic rim and mafic core have been described in the geologic literature. The Turtle pluton of S.E. California is an intrusion composed of a granitic rim and granodioritic core and common microgranitoid enclaves. Field observations, mineral textures, and chemistries, major and trace element geochemistry, and isotopic variability support a petrogenetic model of in situ, concomitant, magma mixing, and fractional crystallization of rhyolitic magma progressively mixed with an increasing volume of andesitic magma, all without chemical contribution from entrained basaltic enclaves. Hornblende geobarometry indicates the Turtle pluton crystallized at about 3.5 kb. A crystallization sequence of biotite before hornblende (and lack of pyroxenes) suggests the initial granitic magma contained less than 4 wt% H₂0 at temperatures less than 780°C. U-Pb, Pb-Pb, Rb-Sr and oxygen isotope studies indicate the terrane intruded by the Turtle pluton is 1.8 Ga, that the Turtle pluton crystallized at 130 Ma, that the Target Granite and garnet aplites are about 100 Ma, and that these intrusions were derived from different sources. Models based on isotopic data suggest the rhyolitic end member magma of the Turtle pluton was derived from mafic igneous rocks, and was not derived from sampled Proterozoic country rocks. Similarity of common Sr and Pb isotopic ratios of these rocks to other Mesozoic intrusions in the Colorado River Region suggest the Turtle pluton and Target Granite have affinities like rocks to the east, including the Whipple Mountains and plutons of western Arizona. P-T-t history of the southern Turtle Mountains implies uplift well into the upper crust by Late Cretaceous time so that the heating and deformation events of the Late Cretaceous and Tertiary observed in flanking ranges did not affect the study area.Ph. D.
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Beauvalet, Laurène. "Etude dynamique des systèmes multiples de petits corps : application au système de Pluton." Observatoire de Paris (1667-....), 2011. https://theses.hal.science/tel-00689508.
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Un système multiple est un ensemble de petits corps du Système solaire en interaction gravitationnelle et orbitant autour du Soleil. Pour déterminer la valeur des paramètres physiques de ces objets, nous avons créé un modèle numérique à N-corps. Notre modèle prend en compte l'influence des planètes et des applatissements polaires au second ordre des objets. Il intègre les équations variationnelles associées aux mouvements orbitaux pour permettre un ajustement du modèle par la méthode des moindres carrés. Notre modèle a été appliqué au système de Pluton s'apparentant aussi bien aux systèmes planétaires classiques qu'à un système de petits corps. Dans un premier temps, en ajustant notre modèle à des observations simulées, nous avons étudié l'évolution de l'incertitude des masses de Nix et Hydra et avons montré que ces masses ne seront vraisemblablement contraintes que grâce aux observations de New Horizons. Nous avons également montré que nous ne pourrons déterminer les applatissements polaires des objets à partir des observations astrométriques seules. Nous avons également étudié la contribution de GAIA à notre connaissance du système. Par la suite, nous avons ajusté notre modèle aux observations réelles de ce système. Nous avons obtenu des valeurs des masses de Nix et Hydra très différentes de celles obtenues par de précédentes études en raison de la grande incertitude pesant sur ces masses. Nous avons ensuite utilisé le mouvement obtenu des satellites pour l'ajustement du mouvement héliocentrique de Pluton. Finalement, nous avons adapté notre modèle au système d'Eugenia pour lequel nous avons trouvé des résultats compatibles avec ceux des études précédentesA system refers to a set of small bodies tied by gravitation and orbiting around their common center of mass, which orbits around the Sun. In order to deduce the value of those parameters, we have created an N-bodies numerical model. Our model includes the planetary perturbations as well as the integration of orbital motion's variationnal equations, a key feature of least-square method fitting. We applied our model to Pluto's system, which possesses features from both multiple and planetary systems. First, we have fitted our model to simulated data in order to study the evolution of the uncertainty on Nix's and Hydra's mass. We show that their mass will most probably remain unconstrained untill the arrival of New Horizons probe in the system. We also show that the effect of the polar oblateness on the orbits is cannot determined and studied the future contribution of GAIA to our knowledge of the system. Then, we have fitted our model to astrometric observations of the system. The fitting of the model to the observations has given very different masses for Nix and Hydra. Nonetheless, both in our study and the previous ones, the said masses are unconstrained enough for the results to remain coherent. The solution for the stellite's motion we then obtained has been used during our fitting of Pluto's heliocenter motion. At last, we have adapted our model to (45)Eugenia's system and have found results compatible with previous studies
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Crisma, Pedro Rabello. "Petrologia e Mineralogia de rochas graníticas e gabrodioríticas dos plutons Palermo e Rio Negro, região do Alto Rio Negro, PR-SC, Província Graciosa." Universidade de São Paulo, 2013. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/44/44143/tde-06122013-155433/.
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Os Plutons Palermo (ca. 250 km2) e Rio Negro (ca. 130 km2) afloram na região Alto Rio Negro (PR) e fazem parte da Província Graciosa, uma província Neoproterozóica (ca. 580 Ma) constituída por granitos e sienitos na região S-SE do Brasil. Em ambos os plutons afloram variedades de rochas graníticas, predominantes, e gabro-dioríticas, bem como rochas híbridas, principalmente granodioritos. Estes plutons apresentam zonamento em geral bem marcado, que é tipicamente inverso caso do Pluton Rio Negro. As rochas graníticas principais correspondem a sieno- e monzogranitos predominantes e álcali-feldspato granitos e quartzo monzonitos subordinados de natureza metaluminosa a levemente peraluminosa. São rochas com estruturas maciças e texturas variadas que apresentam como associação mineral máfica típica hb + bi ± all + zr + ap ± ti + mt + ilm); as rochas gabro-dioríticas incluem gabro-dioritos e quartzo monzogabro-dioritos metaluminosos com estruturas maciças e granulações fina a média, caracterizadas pela associação cpx ± opx + hb + bt ± ti ± ap ± zr. A composição dos plagioclásios nestas rochas varia no intervalo de labradorita a andesina. As rochas híbridas são principalmente granodioritos que se caracterizam por uma variedade de estruturas e texturas indicativas de desequilíbrio, compatíveis com processos de coexistência e mistura parcial entre líquidos ácidos e básico-intermediários que formaram os granitos principais e os gabro-dioritos. Estas rochas são mais comuns no Pluton Rio Negro. A associação mineral máfica é similar, mas com abundâncias distintas de fases, à observada para os granitos principais. Nas rochas graníticas os anfibólios são Fe-hornblenda e Fe-edenita, com valores 0,65 < fe# < 0,95, os valores mais elevados ocorrendo nos álcali-feldspato granitos, as biotitas apresentam 0,71 < fe# < 0,99, observando-se que o componente annítico é também maior nestas últimas rochas. No caso das rochas gabro-dioríticas, os valores fe# variam entre 0,48 e 0,59, 0,41 e 0,56, 0,47 e 0,53 e 0,54 a 0,57 para ortopiroxênio, clinopiroxênio, anfibólio e biotita, respectivamente. As composições médias de orto- e clinopiroxênio coexistentes são \'Wo IND.46\'\' En IND.30\'\' Fe IND.24\' e \'Wo IND.3\'\' En IND.42\'\'Fe IND.55\' e a sugerem uma possível afinidade toleítica, ou cálcio-alcalina, para magma original. Os padrões de elementos terras raras revelam fatores de enriquecimento entre 1-10, 50-70, 100-300 em relação à composição condrítica para ortopiroxênio, clinopiroxênio e anfibólio nas rochas estudadas, com fracionamento bem marcado dos elementos leves em relação aos pesados no ortopiroxênio, não observado no caso de clinopiroxênio e anfibólio. Todos os padrões são caracterizados por anomalia negativa bem marcada de Eu. As pressões de cristalização dos magmas foram estimadas entre 1-3,5 kbar, mas os valores acima de ca. 2 kbar possivelmente não tenham significado real, dadas as composições mais ferroanas dos anfibólios. Temperaturas de saturação de zircão e/ou apatita e de equilíbrio entre orto- e clinopiroxênio, anfibólio-plagioclásio indicam intervalos de cristalização entre ca. 1000 e 750° C para as rochas gabro-dioríticas e entre ca. 900 e 670° C para os granitos principais. As paragêneses minerais e os valores obtidos para o número fe# em biotita em equilíbrio com feldspato alcalino e magnetita apontam para condições de cristalização relativamente oxidantes para as rochas félsicas, exceto os álcali-feldspato granitos, e máfico-intermediárias, superiores ao tampão QFM.The Palermo (ca. 250 km2) and Rio Negro (ca. 130 km2) Plutons crop out in the so called Alto Rio Negro region , Parana state, making part of the Graciosa Province, a NeoProterozoic province (ca. 580 Ma) constituted by granites and syenites in S-SE Brazil. The plutons are made predominant granitic rocks, gabbro-diorites, as well as hybrid rocks constituted mainly by granodiorites. Both plutons show compositional a zoning pattern, which is inversed in the case of the Rio Negro Pluton. The main granitid rocks are mainly metaluminous to slightly peraluminous syeno- and monzogranites with subordinate quartz monzonites and alkcali-feldspar granites. They show a massive structure and a variety of textures, with hb + bi ± all + zr + ap ± ti + mt + ilm as the typical mafic mineral association. Gabbro-dioritic rocks include fine- to medium-grained metaluminous gabro-diorites and quartz monzogabrros and diorites with massive strucure characterized by the mafic mineral associations with cpx ± opx + hb + bt ± ti ± ap ± zr. In these rocks, the plagioclase compositions vary between labradorite and andesine. Hybrid rocks are mainly granodiorites characterized by several strucures and textures indicative of desiquilibrium and mingling/partial mixing between the silicic and basic-intermediate melts that formed the mainn granites and the gabbro-diorites. Such rocks are more abundant in the Rio Negro Pluton. The mafic mineral association is similar, but in contrasted relative abundance, to the ones found in the main granites. In the main granites the amphiboles are Fe-horblende and Fe-edenite, with 0.65 < fe# < 0.95, the higher among these values appearing in the alkali-feldspar granites. Biotite present 0.70 < fe# < 0.99 and the annitic component are also higher in the later rocks. In the case of the gabbro-dioritic rocks, the fe# numbers range between 0.48 and 0.59, 0.41 and 0.56, 0.47 and 0.53 and 0.54 and 0.57 in ortopyroxene, clinopyroxene, amphibole and biotite, respectively. The averaged compositions of coexisting orto- and clinopyroxene are \'Wo IND.46\'\'En IND.30\'\'Fe IND.24\' and \'Wo IND.3\'\'En IND.42\'\'Fe IND.55\' and suggest a tholeiitic or calk-alkaline nature of the original melts. Rare earth element patterns reveal enrichment factors up to 1-10, 50-70, 100-300 relative to the chondritic composition in ortopyroxene, clinopyroxene and amphibole, respectively, with a well marked fractionation of the heavy over the light rare earths in the case of the ortopyroxene, a feature not observed in clinopyroxene and amphibole. All patterns show a notable Eu negative anomaly. Melts crystallization pressures were estimated to be between 1 and 3.5 kbar; however values higher than ca. 2 kbar seems to be unrealistic given the ferroan compositions of some amphiboles. Zircon and apatite saturation temperatures coupled with ortopyroxene-clinopyroxene and amphibole-plagioclase equilibrium temperatures suggest crystallization intervals between ca. 1000 - 750° C in the case of the gabbro-diorites and ca. 900 - 670° C in the case of the main granites. Mineral paragenesis and fe# values in biotite in equilibrium with alkali-feldspar and magnetite suggests relative oxidizing crystallization conditions for the acid and basic-intermediate melts, higher than the QFM buffer, the alkali-feldspat granites being a possible exeption.
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Vangvichith, Mélanie. "Modelisation des atmosphères et des glaces de Pluton et Triton." Palaiseau, Ecole polytechnique, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013EPXX0021.
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Sidle, William Christopher. "Structure, petrology, and geochemistry of the Waldoboro Pluton Complex, Maine /." The Ohio State University, 1990. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1487677267729029.
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Roell, Jennifer L. "Geochemical evidence for incremental emplacement of Palms pluton, southern California." Thesis, Connect to resource online, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1805/2061.
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Thesis (M.S.)--Indiana University, 2009.Title from screen (viewed on February 2, 2010). Department of Earth Sciences, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis (IUPUI). Advisor(s): Andrew P. Barth, Gabriel M. Filippelli, Kathy Licht. Includes vitae. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 102-110).
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Molyneux, Simon J. "Processes of granite emplacement : NW Ireland and SE Brazil." Thesis, Durham University, 1997. http://etheses.dur.ac.uk/4774/.
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This thesis is a study of some of the processes which operate at mid crustal levels (10- 20km) during the emplacement of granitoid magmas, with particular reference to the process of in-situ expansion and the association between magma emplacement and orogen evolution. A number of plutons were studied to assess this the Ardara pluton from Donegal, NW Ireland, together with the Atibaia, Morro Azul, Imbiricu and Itapeti plutons from the Rio Paraiba do Sul shear belt (RPSSB), Sao Paulo state, SE Brazil. The emplacement of the Ardara pluton has been the subject of studies by many authors since the 1950's. It has been interpreted as a diapir ascending along a thrust, a granite balloon which forcefully created more than 60% of its space and, most recently, as a set of nested diapirs which forcefully created only 30% of their own space. Field mapping together with the determination of finite strain within the pluton, shortening estimates, shear sense determinations, petrographic deformation fabrics and computer modelling indicates that: i) the pluton displays a concentrically increasing finite strain and it expanded in-situ from a central 'injection point', having possibly ascended along a shear zone-related conduit; ii) the country rocks partitioned intense strains into the 500m closest to the pluton, a deformation feature which is shown to be consistent with a power-law wallrock theology; Hi) earlier granite pulses and the country rock were 'shouldered aside' to the east and west, expansion of the pluton, which was preferentially in a northwards direction; iv) that the intrusion related shortening preserved within the wallrocks was approximately equivalent to the strain preserved within pluton and the space requirements for the pluton are essentially met by preserved forceful emplacement-related strains; and v) if the pluton magma is considered as having ascended through dyke-like conduits emplacement could occur in a minimum of ~4000yrs, whereas magma ascent as a Hot Stokes diapir would require hundreds of thousands to millions of years for complete emplacement. Finally, the Ardara pluton does not conform to any of the established criteria for diapir-like ascent of a magma body and the data demonstrate it to be a testable example of a pluton which expanded entirely in-situ. The Rio Paraiba do Sul shear belt (RPSSB) is a dextral transpressional segment of the Late Precambrian Brasiliano-Pan African orogenic belt. The studied plutons were emplaced in the latter stages of this orogen in close spatial association with one of the many northeast-southwest trending, sub-vertical, continental-scale shear zones. All the granites show a similar emplacement and deformation history despite their different petrographic features and isotopic ages. This history consists of an early shallowly dipping, low angle fabric, in the country rocks, associated with crustal thickening, the later development of dominantly dextral sub-vertical shear zones, followed by the emplacement of the studied plutons and finally overprinting by a pervasive dextral plane strain and late-stage discrete mylonitic shears. Field examination demonstrates that: i) each of the plutons preserves an internally homogeneous emplacement-related finite strain, weak magmatic fabric, magma sheets and weakly deformed wallrocks; ii) magmatic shear sense determinations and wallrock deformation fabrics indicate that, during emplacement, the RPSSB was extending (at least at the emplacement level) in an east-west direction creating sinistral dilatational pull-aparts along the major shear zones, into which granitic magma was preferentially emplaced; and Hi) within this generally extensional context there was a component of long axis perpendicular in-situ forceful expansion, this created no more than 20% of the width of any one granite. Applying a simple pull-apart extension model suggests that pluton emplacement was associated with approximately 40% regional extension sub-parallel to the former orogenic convergence direction. This emplacement, as a result of sheeting through dyke-like conduits, requires thousands of years, rather than the millions of years required for ascent and emplacement of a Hot Stokes diapir. Interpreting these results suggests that the intruded granitoids are associated with a mid-crustal component of orogen perpendicular extension I collapse during the latter stages of the Brasiliano orogeny. Such extension I collapse could have been initiated by: a cessation in continental convergence or; by the delamination of a thickened thermal boundary layer, a process which has been suggested to be the driving force behind orogenic collapse in younger orogenic belts. These examples demonstrate that: i) 'forceful' balloon-like emplacement of granitic magma can occur; ii) there are very close inter-relationships between granite emplacement and orogenic dynamics; and Hi) that 'space' for granitoid magma can be created by a combination of forceful and dilatational and fault-related mechanisms.
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Riley, Dean Nolan. "Granites, orogeny, and the deblois pluton complex in Eastern Maine, USA." Connect to this title online, 2004. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=osu1087232113.
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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Ohio State University, 2004.Title from first page of PDF file. Document formatted into pages; contains xliv, 546 p.; also includes graphics. Includes bibliographical references (p. 517-546).
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Psyrillos, Agamemnon. "Low-temperature hydrothermal mineralisation in the St. Austell Pluton, Cornwall, England." Thesis, University of Manchester, 1996. https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.602490.
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The St. Austell pluton is part of the large Hercynian batholith of south-west England. The pluton exhibits a complex sequence of mineralisation events, which occur as distinct hydrothermal vein generations associated with characteristic alterations of the host granites. Geological and petrographic observations indicate that the first mineralisation event following the consolidation of the granites consists of the intrusion of quartz porphyry (rhyolite) dykes and the formation of quartz-tourmaline veins. The latter are associated with the extensive greisenisation of the host granites. This study is concerned mainly with the subsequent evolution of the pluton, which is summarised in the following sequence of events: a. Quartz-fluorite veins, associated with hydrothermal alteration of the host topaz gran-ites and resulting in the formation of the "fluorite granite" petrographic type. b. Formation of quartz-haematite veins. The mineral assemblage of these veins consists of kaolin+illite+haematite+/-chlorite. The wall-rock granites of the quartz-haematite veins are altered to an assemblage consisting of kaolin+illite+haematite. c. Formation of kaolin+/-quartz veins, associated with the extensive kaolinisation of the host granites. The alteration assemblage consists of kaolin and smectite. Petrographic observations indicate that clay mineral authigenesis associated with the illitisation of the parent granites is controlled by differences in the precipitation kinetics of kaolin and illite. Similarly, the kaolinisation of the granites is mainly con-trolled by the slow precipitation kinetics of quartz, thus permitting SiO2 content of the fluids to exceed quartz saturation and allowing smectite to precipitate. Geochemical modelling of the kaolinisation allows the identification of the fluid/mineral equilibrium relations required for the formation of a kaolin+smectite mineral assemblage from the feldspar mineral assemblage of the parent granites. Paragenetic and fluid inclusion evidence suggest that successive mineralisation events occurred at progressively lower temperatures, culminating with the kaolinisation of the granites at relatively elevated temperatures of between 100 and 50°C. The nature of the hydrothermal fluids responsible for the formation of different alteration assem-blages is difficult to assess because of substantial uncertainties involved in the interpretation of the clay minerals' stable isotope compositions. Overall, the geological, petro-graphic, and fluid inclusion data favour the involvement of elevated temperature, moderately to highly saline fluids in both the kaolinisation and illitisation of the St. Austell granites. It is also considered that the kaolinisation of the granites did not take place due to the interaction of the parent granites with meteoric waters. The correlation of the geological and thermal history of the pluton during the Mesozoic suggests that the kao-linisation took place prior to the unroofing of the pluton and during a period of rapid uplift and cooling in the Middle Jurassic to Early Cretaceous. This uplift event is linked to the rifting associated with the opening of the Atlantic Ocean. The alteration of the parent granites is attributed to their interaction with either sedimentary brines expelled from the Plymouth Basin or with evolved (modified) meteoric waters.
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Luke, Jason Allen. "Three-Dimensional Seismic Study of Pluton Emplacement, Offshore Northwestern New Zealand." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2012. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/2949.
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Detailed 3D seismic images of a volcano-plutonic complex offshore northwestern New Zealand indicate the intrusive complex lies in a relay zone between NE-trending en echelon normal faults. A series of high angle normal faults fan out from the margin of the Southern Intrusive Complex and cut the folded strata along the margin. These faults terminate against the margins of the intrusion, extend as much as 1 pluton diameter away from the margin, and then merge with regional faults that are part of the Northern Taranaki Graben. Offset along these faults is on the order of 10s to over 100 meters. Strata on top of the complex are thinned and deformed into a faulted dome with an amplitude of about 0.7 km. Steep dip-slip faults form a semi-radial pattern in the roof rocks, but are strongly controlled by the regional stress field as many of the faults are sub-parallel to those that form the Northern Taranaki Graben. The longest roof faults are about the same length as the diameter of the pluton and cut through approximately 0.7 km of overlying strata. Fault offset gradually diminishes vertically away from the top of the intrusion. The Southern Intrusive Complex is a composite intrusion and formed from multiple steep-sided intrusions as evidenced by the complex margins and multiple apophyses. Small sills are apparent along the margins and near the roof of the Southern complex. Multiple episodes of deformation are also indicated by a series of unconformities in the sedimentary strata around the complex. Two large igneous bodies make up the composite intrusion as evidenced by the GeoAnomaly body detection tool. The Southern Intrusive Complex has a resolvable volume of 277 km3. Room for the complex was made by multiple space-making mechanisms. Roof uplift created ~3% of the space needed. Compaction/porosity loss is estimated to have contributed 20-40% of the space needed. Assimilation may have created ~0-30% space. Extension played a major role in creating the space needed and is estimated to have created a minimum of 33% of the space. Floor subsidence and stoping may have occurred, but are not resolvable in the seismic survey.
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Philippe, Sylvain. "Microphysique des processus saisonniers des glaces de Mars et Pluton : suivi par télédétection hyperspectrale et étude expérimentale." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016GREAU026/document.
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Le cycle de condensation/sublimation du CO2 contrôle le climat martien et forme en hiver des dépôts saisonniers glacés, contaminés en glace d’eau et en poussière. L’objectif de cette thèse est de comprendre, caractériser, et si possible quantifier les différents processus microphysiques des dépôts saisonniers durant ce cycle de condensation/sublimation à l’aide de la simulation, en laboratoire, de ces processus à l’intérieur de la cellule expérimentale CarboN-IR. La condensation de glace de CO2 polycristalline sur un régolithe minéral, la modification du régime de condensation de la glace de CO2 dans la nuit polaire en présence de gaz non condensables, la stratification de glace d’eau sur la glace de CO2 lors de la sublimation des dépôts saisonniers et la remontée d’albédo de la glace polycristalline de CO2 lors de sa sublimation au printemps sont les phénomènes ayant été reproduits avec succès dans la cellule expérimentale. La condensation de glace polycristalline de CO2 sur Mars a également été observée durant sa formation, en automne, aux latitudes plus basses que la nuit polaire à l’aide des données du spectromètre OMEGA, de la sonde Mars Express. L’objet le plus lointain du système solaire à avoir été exploré, Pluton, partage de nombreux points communs avec Mars, notamment la couverture d’une partie de sa surface par des glaces (de CH4, N2 et CO pour Pluton) en équilibre avec son atmosphère. L’évolution de ces glaces peut être considérée comme analogue en termes de processus de surface les affectant : stratification des glaces en fonction de leur volatilité lors de leur sublimation où condensation à la surface, formation de glace sous forme polycristalline,... . Les données d’imagerie hyperspectrale (LEISA) fournies par la sonde New Horizons lors de son survol de Pluton en juillet 2015 ont permis la cartographie précise des espèces chimiques présentes à sa surface, ainsi que de leur état physique, étapes préliminaires à toute interprétation géologiqueThe condensation/sublimation cycle of CO2 controls the martian climate and, in winter, forms frozen seasonal deposits, contaminated with water ice and dust. This thesis’ objective is to unders- tand, characterize, and if possible, to quantify the different microphysical processes occuring in the seasonal deposits during this condensation/sublimation cycle, with the insight of experimental simulation of these processes inside the CarboN-IR experimental cell. The CO2 ice condensation in a polycristalline form on a mineral regolith, the modification of the CO2 ice condensation regime in the martian polar night due to the presence of non condensable gases, the stratification of water ice onto CO2 ice during the sublimation of the seasonal deposits and the increase of the albedo of CO2 slab ice during its springtime sublimation are all phenomena that have been reproduced successfully inside the experiemental cell. The CO2 slab ice condensation on the Martian surface has been observed during its formation, in autumn, at lower latitudes than polar night limit with hyperspectral imaging from the OMEGA spectrometer onboard of the Mars Express probe. Yet the farthest object explored in the solar system, Pluto, shares many similarities with Mars, parti- cularly a partial icy cover of its surface (of CH4, N2 and CO ices for Pluto) in equilibrium with its atmosphere. The evolution of these ices can be considered similar in terms of the surface pro- cesses affecting them : stratification of ices in function of their volatility during their sublimation or condensation at the surface, formation of slab ice ... The hyperspectral imagery data (LEISA), provided by the New Horizons probe during its Pluto’s flyby in july 2015, allowed to determine the accurate cartography of chemical species at the surface, along with their physical state - the preliminary steps of any geological interpretation
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Chambi, Tapia Olver Jady. "Estudio petrológico del intrusivo Sorata: modelo y procesos genéticos responsables de su emplazamiento (segemento norte de la Cordillera Real)." Universidad Mayor de San Andrés. Programa Cybertesis BOLIVIA, 2010. http://www.cybertesis.umsa.bo:8080/umsa/2010/chambi_tol/html/index-frames.html.
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Estudios en cuanto a petrología, microestructuras y de campo, fueron realizados en el plutón Sorata de edad Triásico Superior-Jurásico Inferior del segmento norte de la Cordillera Real, para caracterizar la evolución magmática y algunas implicancias tectónicas durante el adelgazamiento litosférico ocurrido en el intervalo Pérmico Superior- Jurásico Medio. La intrusión expone una zonación composicional definida por tres asociaciones de facies: granodioritas y tonalitas con biotita ± hornblenda ± piroxeno (Facie I); adamelitas con biotita (Facie II); y granitoides con muscovita ± biotita (Facie III). Los estudios geoquímicos detallados de este plutón revelan que los granitoides están agrupados en tres asociaciones geoquímicas, con clasificaciones genéticas diferentes: granitoides de las facies I y II, de tipo I; granitoides de la facie III, de tipo S; y xenolitos (cuarzodioritas, cuarzomonzonitas y monzonitas) de tipo A. Por lo que los granitoides del plutón Sorata no pueden ser clasificados como exclusivamente de tipo I, S o A; sin embargo, la agrupación en asociaciones de facies, permite clasificarlas en tipo I y tipo S, compartiendo algunas características tipo A. Basado en estos datos, los fundidos parentales de composición intermedia y tipo A (xenolitos) derivan de la fusión del manto litosférico durante el adelgazamiento litosférico del Triásico - Jurásico Medio. Estos magmas, posteriormente ascienden y contribuyen con la fusión parcial de las rocas metaígneas de la corteza inferior, sin evidencias de mezcla de magmas, generando magmas tipo I, que fueron luego emplazados y contaminados en la corteza superior (granitoides de las facies I y II). Este emplazamiento contribuyó a la fusión parcial de la corteza superior, produciendo magmas tipo S (granitoides de la facie III). Por lo tanto, el plutón Sorata es el resultado de tres episodios o pulsos magmáticos desarrollados de manera sucesiva durante el evento distensivo del Triásico – Jurásico Medio (McBride et al., 1983; Sempere et al., 1995 y 2005). Los estudios petrográficos a nivel microestructural, llevados a cabo en granitoides foliados de la facie I del flanco oriental del intrusivo, demuestran el origen primario de la foliación, la cuál es resultado de un evento de deformación dúctil (?) asociado a zonas de cizalla que probablemente afectaron el flanco oriental del intrusivo en una etapa previa a la cristalización completa del magma. Por último, la esquistosidad regional S1 existente en rocas ordovícicas del área de estudio, es resultado de un evento deformacional desarrollado con anterioridad a la intrusión del granitoide Sorata, a la que se superpuso posteriormente, una deformación S2 tardía, la cual es claramente evidente en el sector sur del área de estudio
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Pembroke, James William. "The recognition and significance of magma mixing in granites." Thesis, Oxford Brookes University, 1997. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.364075.
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Wu, Fuyuan, Xiaoping Lu, Hiroshi KAMIKUB0, Izumi KAJIZUKA, Kazuhiro SUZUKI, and Deyou SUN. "CHIME dating of monazite from the Dongqing pluton in SE Jilin, China." Dept. of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Nagoya University, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/2237/14729.
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Baatar, Munkhbat, Bat-Ulzii Dash, Chuluun Danzan, Gerel Ochir, and Khishigsuren Sodnom. "Origin of the Early Mesozoic Bogd Uul granite pluton, Ulaanbaatar area, Mongolia." 名古屋大学博物館, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/2237/18190.
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Wong, Lai-man Kennis, and 王麗敏. "Geochemistry of mafic dykes from the Discovery Bay granitic pluton, Hong Kong." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2004. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B42577688.
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Kolocotroni, Constantina. "Emplacement and petrogenesis of the Vrondou granitoid pluton, Rhodope Massif, NE Greece." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 1992. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/11004.
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The Vrondou pluton is an Oligocene high-K calc-alkaline composite granitoid body emplaced in the Lower Tectonic Unit of the Western Rhodope Massif, adjacent to its western margin, and borders the Strymon and Serres basins to the west and south, respectively. Hornblende-biotite quartz-monzonite and biotite-hornblende granite s.s. crop out in the central-western and southern areas, whereas biotite-hornblende granodiorite crops out in the southeastern areas. Clinopyroxene-hornblende monzonite and porphyritic monzonite occur in the central-eastern and northeastern areas. Minor rock types include gabbro, microgranular enclaves and amphibole-bearing lamprophyre dykes. Textural evidence, especially the abundant presence of plagioclase with disequilibrium zoning features (patchy zoning, calcic spikes) in the granitoids and their enclaves, suggests that hybridisation was responsible for their genesis. Enclaves are interpreted as magmatic, probably with a multi-stage crystallisation history, the final stage of crystallisation taking place in chemical and thermal equilibrium with their hosts, as is also indicated by the close chemical affinities between enclave and host ferromagnesian minerals. Major and trace element modelling suggest that the quartz-monzonites, granites and granodiorites are inter-connected by the fractionation of parental quartz-monzonite, and possibly that the monzonites and porphyritic monzonites are inter-connected by the fractionation of a parental monzonitic magma. Rare earth element and trace element patterns of the granitoids suggest that they have a common source and have features similar to magmas generated in active continental margins or post-collisional settings. The basic rock-types show subduction-related trace element enrichments and a garnet-absent source, and are inferred to have been generated from subcontinental mantle lithosphere, enriched during subduction. The Sr and Nd isotopic compositions of the granitoids and the gabbro rule out a single stage basic-to-acid fractionation process. Instead, it is proposed that basic magmas underwent fractional crystallisation concurrent with assimilation in a transient deep magma chamber to produce an initial quartz-monzonite batch, parental to the evolved rocks.
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Wong, Lai-man Kennis. "Geochemistry of mafic dykes from the Discovery Bay granitic pluton, Hong Kong." Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 2004. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B42577688.
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Stein, Eckardt. "Zur Platznahme von Granitoiden : vergleichende Fallstudien zu Gefügen und Platznahmemechanismen aus den White-Inyo Mountains, California, USA, und dem Bergsträßer Odenwald = On the emplacement of granitoids /." Stuttgart : Schweizerbart, 2000. http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&doc_number=009177614&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA.
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Beauvalet, Laurène. "Étude dynamique des systèmes multiples de petits corps : application au système de Pluton." Phd thesis, Observatoire de Paris, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00689508.
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Un système multiple est un ensemble de petits corps du Système solaire en interaction gravitationnelle et orbitant autour de leur barycentre, lui-même en révolution autour du Soleil. L'observation astrométrique de ces systèmes permet d'avoir accès à des paramètres physiques plus difficilement accessibles par d'autres techniques, en premier lieu la masse des composantes du système. Pour déduire des observations la valeur de ces paramètres, nous avons créé un modèle numérique à N-corps. Notre modèle intègre les équations variationnelles associées aux mouvements orbitaux pour permettre un ajustement du modèle par la méthode des moindres carrés. Notre modèle a par la suite été appliqué au système de Pluton, le système multiple pour lequel on dispose de la plus longue période d'observations. Ce système s'apparente aussi bien aux systèmes planétaires classiques, Pluton étant un objet en équilibre hydrostatique et Nix, Hydra et S2011(134340)1 ayant des masses négligeables face à lui, qu'à un système de petits corps, le principal satellite du système, Charon, étant suffisamment massif pour faire de Pluton/Charon un objet binaire. De manière à modéliser aussi bien le mouvement héliocentrique de Pluton, fortement perturbé par ses satellites, que le mouvement des dits-satellites, nous avons intégré les équations du mouvement dans un repère d'axes fi xes centrés sur le barycentre du Système Solaire, en prenant en compte l'influence des planètes et des aplatissements polaires au second ordre de Pluton et Charon. Le modèle numérique ainsi obtenu est ajusté par la méthode des moindres carrés à des observations simulées ou réelles. Dans un premier temps, en ajustant notre modèle à des observations simulées, nous avons étudié l'évolution de l'incertitude des masses de Nix et Hydra. Nous avons montré que leurs masses ne seront probablement réellement contraintes que grâce aux observations de New Horizons. Nous avons également montré que l'effet de l'aplatissement de Pluton et Charon sur les mouvements orbitaux n'est pas assez important pour pouvoir être déduit des observations astrométriques seules. Nous avons également utilisé cette méthode pour quantifi er le futur apport de Gaia à notre connaissance du système. Par la suite, nous avons ajusté notre modèle aux observations réelles du système de Pluton. Nous avons obtenu des résidus astrométriques proches de ceux obtenus par de précédents modèles, malgré des valeurs des masses de Nix et Hydra très différentes de celles obtenues par ces précédentes études. Néanmoins, les masses de ces derniers étant très faiblement contraintes actuellement, nos estimations et celles obtenues par d'autres restent cohérentes. La solution du mouvement des satellites ainsi obtenue a été utilisée lors de notre ajustement de manière reproduire de la façon la plus exacte possible le mouvement de Pluton autour du barycentre de son système. Finalement, nous avons adapté notre modèle au système d'Eugénia pour lequel nous avons trouvé des résultats compatibles avec ceux des études précédentes du système. Néanmoins, notre solution dérivant d'un ajustement sur une plus longue plage d'observations, notre modélisation du système sera valide sur une plus grande période de temps.
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Hooks, Benjamin Patrick. "Petrology of the Deer Isle Pluton, Coastal Maine: A Complex Mixed Magma System." Fogler Library, University of Maine, 2003. http://www.library.umaine.edu/theses/pdf/HooksBP2003.pdf.
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LIMA, Dayse Rosa. "Caracterização petrológica e geoquímica do pluton curituba, domínio poço redondo-marancó, cinturão sergipano." Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, 2016. https://repositorio.ufpe.br/handle/123456789/23311.
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O Pluton Curituba está localizado no Domínio Poço Redondo-Marancó, Cinturão Sergipano, parte mais ao sul da Província Borborema, entre os estados da Bahia e Sergipe. Sua porção ocidental está encoberta por sedimentos da Bacia Fanerozóica Tucano-Jatobá. Este pluton possui área aflorante de aproximadamente 200 km2, formato alongado com direção NE-SW e composição variando de monzogranito a sieno granito. O Pluton Curituba encontra-se alojado em terminações de zonas de cisalhamento sinistrais e/ou fraturas de direção NE-SW. Os granitóides do Pluton Curituba são ricos em SiO2 (>60%), cálcio-alcalinos, shoshoníticos, metaluminosos a fracamente peraluminosos, com assinatura geoquímica de granitóides magnesianos, de arco vulcânico. Os padrões de elementos Terras Raras apresentam enriquecimentos nos LILE (K, Rb, Sr) e anomalias negativas nos HFSE (Ti, Nb, Ta e P). Diagramas multielementais dos granitóides do Pluton Curituba exibem padrões similares aos granitos de arco vulcânico, apresentando baixos valores de Y e Yb. Dados de U-Pb em zircão por SHRIMP definiu idade de 624 ± 16 Ma, semelhante ao definido por TIMS (617 ± 7.4 Ma). Os granitoides estudados mostram valores fortemente negativos de εNd(t) e idade modelo TDM de 1,59 G.a. Assinaturas isotópicas e geoquímicas sugerem que o pluton estudado foi originado por fracionamento e, em comparação a outros plutons já estudados na região, o Pluton Curituba é um dos mais antigos dentre os de afinidade shoshonítica.
The Curituba Pluton is located in the Poço Redondo-Marancó domain of the Sergipano Belt, in the southernmost parto f the Borborema Province, between the Bahia and Sergipe states. It western portion is covered by sediments of The Phanerozoic Tucano-Jatoba basin. This pluton has outcropping área of approximately 200 Km2, with elongated NE-SW direction and composition ranging from monzogranite and sieno granite. The Curituba Pluton is in shear zones terminations sinistral and/ or NE-SW direction fractures. The granitoids of the Curituba Pluton are SiO2 rich (>60%), calc-alkalines, shoshonitics, metaluminous to weakly peraluminous and show geochemical signature og magnesians, of arc vulcanic. The REE patterns feature enrichments in the LILE (K, Rb, Sr) and by trough at HFSE (Ti, Nb, Ta and P). Multielements diagrams of the granitoids studied show similar patterns to volcanic arc granites, with low values of Y and Yb. Data U-Pb zircon SHRIMP defined by age 624 ± 16 Ma, similar to that defined by TIMS (617 ± 7.4 Ma). The studied granitoids show strongly negative values of ɛNd(t) and TDM model age of 1,59. Isotopic and geochemical signatures suggest that the pluton studied originated by fractionation and, compared to other plutons have studied in the region, Curituba Pluton is one of the oldest among the shoshonitic affinity.
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Force, Brianna. "Schlieren Structures in the Mount Waldo Granitic Pluton, Maine: Implications for Magma Chamber Processes." Fogler Library, University of Maine, 2011. http://www.library.umaine.edu/theses/pdf/ForceB2011.pdf.
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Gasquet, Dominique. "Genèse d'un pluton composite tardi-hercynien : le massif du Tichka, haut atlas occidental (Maroc)." Phd thesis, Nancy 1, 1991. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00690900.
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Le Massif composite du Tichka a été étudié dans le but de préciser les mécanismes de sa formation, pour les raisons suivantes : il offre une coupe verticale de 2500m avec une qualité exceptionnelle d'affleurements qui permet de faire des observations et des échantillonnages en continu ; il montre une gamme de composition allant des gabbros aux leucogranites avec des relations spectaculaires entre les diorites et les granitoïdes contemporains. Les études de terrain, pétrographiques, minéralogiques, géochimiques, isotopiques (Sr et Nd) ont été utilisées pour mieux cerner sa genèse. De plus, l'étude des structures magmatiques et des propriétés rhéologiques des magmas a permis de mieux comprendre le mode d'ascension et de mise place du pluton. Le modèle génétique ainsi proposé peut être appliqué à d'autres associations plutoniques comparables, d'âges et d'environnements géotectoniques variés. Le Massif du Tichka s'est mis en place il y a 291 ± 5 Ma (isochrone Rb-Sr sur roches totales) dans des séries cambriennes au Nord de l'accident du Tizi n'Test (N70), branche de la faille Sud-Atlasique. La profondeur de cette mise en place a été estimée, par barométrie sur les amphiboles des plutonites, à 7 km environ, en accord (1) avec les estimations des épaisseurs de la pile sédimentaire encaissante et (2) avec les conditions thermobarométriques de développement des minéraux, par métamorphisme de contact, à proximité immédiate du pluton. Sur l'ensemble du massif, cinq groupes de roches ont été identifiés sur la base de critères de terrain, pétrographiques et géochimiques : gabbros, diorites (subdivisées en méladiorites, diorites communes et diorites hétérogènes), granodiorites-tonalites, monzogranites, leucogranites (subdivisés en leucogranites à biotite ± amphibole et leucogranites à deux micas). Toutes ces roches, mis à part les leucogranites à deux micas plus jeunes, sont contemporaines. L'étude des structures acquises' à l'état magmatique montre que: (1) le complexe est constitué de trois intrusions composites, à géométrie bien définie, sub - contemporaines, limitées au Sud par des écrans d'encaissant méta-volcanosédimentaire, et d'une intrusion de leucogranites à deux micas, localisée dans le Nord-Est, légèrement plus tardive et à géométrie mal définie; (2) la source magmatique a migré au cours du temps du Sud-Ouest vers le Nord-Est; (3) le mouvement de la composante décrochante dextre de l'accident du Tizi n'Test était -relativement faible par rapport à la composante inverse au moment de la mise en place; (4) les parties internes du massif montaient plus vite que, les parties externes lors de l'ascension des intrusions; (5) l'intrusion de leucogranites à deux micas, la plus récente, est constituée de petits corps diapiriques rassemblés autour du diapir kilométrique du Tasghimout; elle s'est mise en place alors que les autres intrusions étaient déjà cristallisées mais pas entièrement refroidies. Les études pétrographiques, minéralogiques, géochimiques, isotopiques (Sr et Nd) ont permis de proposer le type de genèse suivant: deux magmas basiques issus du manteau sous-continental par des taux de fusion différents, se mettent en place successivement en base de croûte. Le premier cristallise rapidement en évoluant peu et pratiquement sans contamination; il donnera le groupe des gabbros. Le second est soumis à un processus complexe qui allie cristallisation fractionnée et contamination (AFC) par la croûte. Il formera le groupe des diorites. La montée de ces magmas et de l'anomalie thermique qui les accompagne induit la fusion de la base de la croûte de nature hétérogène et litée. Cette croûte a été injectée de magmas basiques à intermédiaires peu de temps avant sa fusion. Son anatexie génère des magmas de composition granodioritique et monzogranitique. Le magma monzogranitique évolue par cristallisation fractionnée jusqu'à des leucogranites à biotite ± amphibole. Les magmas dioritique et granodioritique sont rassemblés à la profondeur de 15 à 20 km dans une chambre magmatique où une stratification est obtenue par convection et instabilité gravitaire et où des échanges entre les magmas, qui commencent à cristalliser, ont probablement eu lieu mais de façon limitée. Les leucogranites à deux micas qui forment l'essentiel de l'intrusion Nord-Est sont des granites de type S formés par anatexie de la croûte supérieure. Ils se mettent en place tardivement alors que le bâti avait un comportement cassant. La fin de l'activité magmatique est marquée par une activité hydrothermale localisée et par la mise en place de filons doléritiques. Le Massif du Tichka est de type calédonien post collision; les roches basiques qui le composent ont des caractères de basaltes intraplaques continentales plus précisément transitionnels et les granitoïdes ont des traits de granites post-collision. L'association du Tichka est de, type cafémique métalumineuse, transitionnelle à tendance suba1caline sodique. Les leucogranites à deux micas appartiennent au domaine alumino-potassique. Les calculs des densités et des viscosités des magmas montrent que (1) leur montée a pu se faire sous forme diapirique, (2) le magma dioritique a une viscosité plus faible (104 poises) que le magma granodioritique (106 poises) et (3) les viscosités peuvent s'inverser au cours de la cristallisation vers des températures de 850°C. L'évolution des viscosités au cours du refroidissement et l'inversion de leur courbe, permettent d'expliquer toutes les figures observées aux interfaces entre les diorites et les granodiorites synchrones. L'accident du Tizi n'Test (de direction N70) et, dans une moindre mesure, la zone faillée ouest-atlasique (subméridienne), à proximité desquels le Massif du Tichka s'est mis en place, ont joué un rôle important dans la genèse du pluton. Le premier a permis, en effet, par décompression adiabatique et introduction d'eau, la fusion du manteau et a facilité la montée des magmas basiques. Cette genèse est intracontinentale dans un bloc émergé (ou presque) depuis le Tournaisien ; elle se déroulerait dans cette période charnière entre la collision (épaississement) continentale carbonifère et la distension permienne. Par son histoire complexe impliquant des intrusions emboîtées multiples, des sources magmatiques nombreuses, des processus de genèse variés, le Massif du Tichka présente des affinités avec d'autres massifs hercyniens au Maroc ou ailleurs dans la chaîne varisque ouest européenne.
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Gracely, John T. Coleman Drew S. "Rapid pluton emplacement via multiple discrete pulses, Lamarck Granodiorite, central Sierra Nevada batholith, California." Chapel Hill, N.C. : University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 2007. http://dc.lib.unc.edu/u?/etd,1058.
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Thesis (M.S.)--University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 2007.Title from electronic title page (viewed Mar. 27, 2008). "... in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science in the Department of Geological Sciences." Discipline: Geology; Department/School: Geological Sciences.
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Van, Bosse Jacqueline Yvonne. "Metamorphism and alteration in the thermal auerole of the McGerrigle Mountains pluton, Gaspé, Québec." Thesis, McGill University, 1985. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=66061.
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Price, Alun R. "Multiple sheeting as a mechanism of pluton construction : the main Donegal granite, NW Ireland." Thesis, Durham University, 1997. http://etheses.dur.ac.uk/5074/.
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This study is a detailed investigation concerning the construction of granite plutons by the incremental emplacement of granitic sheets. The modem consensus is that sheeted plutons are often controlled by tectonic structures such shear zones. The Main Donegal Granite (MDG), NW Ireland forms the basis to this study. This pluton is the largest presently exposed member of the Caledonian Donegal Batholith (~405 Ma). Field evidence from this highly deformed pluton, attest to emplacement along the long-axis of a sinistral transcurrent shear zone. The presence of long and persistent xenolith "trains" within the pluton has been taken as evidence of an overall sheeted structure; however detailed maps have not been available to test this hypothesis. Two earlier members of the Donegal Batholith, the Ardara and Thorr plutons, whilst having their main outcrops outside the MDG, also occur as xenoliths within the main body. It can be demonstrated in a number of critical situations that these xenoliths are commonly more deformed than the host MDG facies. Furthermore the presence of original country rock contacts implies these xenoliths were originally in situ. These features imply that the shear zone was active prior to the emplacement of the MDG, with it controlling the emplacement of substantial parts of these earlier plutons. Further evidence from the study of parts of the petrographically similar and younger Trawenagh Bay Granite implies the sinistral shear zone was still operational after the majority of the MDG had crystallised. New, detailed (scale 1:250) and reconnaissance mapping of the MDG, reveals its hitherto unrecognised heterogeneity. At least seven major plutonic zones or packages have been identified. All these units have an NE -SW elongate form parallel to the long axis of the pluton and are often, but not always, separated by extensive "raft-trains" of country rock and older plutons. The major packages in the central regions of the pluton are often complex and are composed of three main granitoid phases, ranging in composition form early granodiorites and tonalites to latest porphyritic and to lesser extent equigranular, monzogranites. The early granodiorite and tonalite sheets are now only preserved as xenolithic rafts within the later monzogranites. The broad range in composition/chemistry together allied with field observations implies a complex intrusion history, with these granitoid packages representing sites of long-standing intrusion within the pluton. In contrast, towards the more marginal areas of the pluton there are large units of monzogranite which are characterised by general homogeneity, but in reality are believed to consist of relatively small compostionally similar sheets. On all scales, either meta-sediments, older plutonic material, or early MDG facies are found to lie along the boundaries of younger intrusive units. This implies the pluton is primarily sheeted in character and that the "raft-trains" are partially disrupted, in situ roof material which has been wedged apart during the intrusion of the sheets. The appearance of sheets within the field is dependent on the rheology of the material into which the granitic material was intruded into, i.e. to what extent has the host was crystallised. The degree of crystallisation in the host is related to how fast later sheets were being intruded, i.e. the rate of emplacement. The field relationships, in the central regions of the pluton, between the granodiorites tonalites and the later monzogranites, are interpreted as representing zones of episodic-to slow emplacement, where earlier phases had become essentially competent by the time later units were intruded (i.e. capable of fracture). These earlier phases may be preserved as angular rafts within later sheets. At moderate emplacement rates earlier sheets may still be crystallising but sufficiently viscous to prevent mixing, except at their immediate boundaries with transitional contacts developing. The more homogeneous zones are believed to be related to rapid emplacement with original contacts between pulses being destroyed at the level of emplacement due to homogenisation of pulses which had similar viscosities and hence allowed mixing. The emplacement of granitic melts within active shear zones can lead to the development of a self- perpetuating situation, where melts in a shear zone will enhance deformation rates and cause greater displacements subsequently allowing more melt to enter the shear zone promoting even greater displacement rates. This process is only halted when melts within the source regions are drained; hence the rate of pluton construction and appearance of sheets within plutons is ultimately related to how fast granitic melts are being generated within the source regions.
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Burton-Johnson, Alexander. "Origin, emplacement and tectonic relevance of the Mt. Kinabalu granitic pluton of Sabah, Borneo." Thesis, Durham University, 2013. http://etheses.dur.ac.uk/9450/.
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The generation of granitic melts, their evolution and emplacement in the crust are investigated here through a detailed multi-disciplinary study on the geology of the Mt Kinabalu pluton in the Malaysian state of Sabah, North Borneo. Implications of our findings for the tectonic history of SE Asia and the generation of continental crust are also discussed. New field data, geochemical analyses and gravity interpretations conclude that the ophiolitic basement of Sabah is not underlain by felsic crust. The ophiolite’s geochemistry and existing geochronological data support initial ophiolite emplacement at approximately 200 Ma during early Pacific subduction. A new geological map and field observations on Mt Kinabalu show construction in a laccolith style but with complex three-dimensional forms of its composite units. AMS and structural data indicate emplacement during regional NW-SE extension. Geochemical data disputes an anatectic origin. The magma of Mt Kinabalu was produced by crystallisation of hornblende and plagioclase rich cumulates from an enriched basaltic primary melt with simultaneous assimilation of biotite-rich meta-sediments. The primary melt was derived by low degree melting of a fertile mantle source, probably through extensional melting. Similar melts have occurred across South China and the South China Sea region since at least the Jurassic. Implications of the results for the generation of continental crust show both the upper and lower crust to be derived through variable degrees of fractional crystallisation from mantle melts, not through intra-crustal differentiation.
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Morgan, Sven Soren. "Strain path partitioning during forceful emplacement of the Papoose Flat pluton, Inyo Mountains, CA." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 1992. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/43474.
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Essex, Richard M. "Age and petrogenesis of the Striped Rock granite pluton : Blue Ridge province, southwestern Virginia /." Thesis, This resource online, 1992. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-03302010-020037/.
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Thesis (M.S.)--Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, 1992.3 maps in back pocket. Vita. Abstract. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 83-89). Also available via the Internet.
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Morgan, Sven S. "Strain path partitioning during forceful emplacement of the Papoose Flat pluton, Inyo Mountains, CA /." This resource online, 1992. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-06302009-040224/.
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Mills, Ryan Douglas Glazner Allen F. "Scale of pluton/wall rock interaction near May Lake, Yosemite National Park, California, USA." Chapel Hill, N.C. : University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 2008. http://dc.lib.unc.edu/u?/etd,2190.
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Thesis (M.S.)--University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 2008.Title from electronic title page (viewed Jun. 26, 2009). "... in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science in the Department of Geological Sciences." Discipline: Geology; Department/School: Geological Sciences.
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Pett, Teresa K. "Garnetites of the Cardigan Pluton - Evidence for Restite and Implications for Source Rock Compositions." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2006. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/1099.
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The Cardigan pluton, located in the southern half of New Hampshire, is a strongly peraluminous, S-type granite which is granodioritic in composition. It is inferred to have been emplaced rapidly, thrust up along west-verging nappes during the Acadian orogeny. Distinctive pods, consisting of 50 to 70 percent modal garnet, are found throughout the pluton in assemblages of garnet + sillimanite + biotite + plagioclase + quartz. These garnetite rocks present an intriguing case for restite. Textural features of the garnetite rocks, such as fibrolitic sillimanite mats and flat, unzoned major and trace-element garnet grain profiles, provide evidence for biotite dehydration melting with single-stage garnet growth from the reaction: bio + plag + qtz + kspar = gar + sill + liq. Temperatures calculated using garnet-biotite (GB) thermometry and garnet-aluminum silicate-quartz-plagioclase (GASP) barometry yield estimates between 662-714ºC and 3.8 kbars. These low calculated temperatures are most likely the result of biotite compositions which have been altered by retrograde exchange reactions. The dominant source rock for the Cardigan magmas was likely calc-pelitic to greywacke in composition. Major element modeling suggests that ~70% melting of a calc-pelitic metasediment from the Central Maine trough could have generated a granodioritic melt similar to the average granodiorite of the Cardigan pluton. However, most of the Cardigan garnetite rocks appear to have been derived from pelites, as they are too poor in CaO and Na2O. Hence, though the majority of garnetite rocks cannot represent the dominant restite of the source rocks that produced the Cardigan pluton, they do appear to be the melt-depleted residue of an unidentified pelitic source. Comparison of Nd and Sr isotopic data from garnetite and Central Maine trough metasediments permit an interpretation that the Lower Rangeley Formation, from the Central Maine trough, could be the source rock of the Cardigan magmas. However, one feldspar Pb isotopic analysis in the literature (Moench and Allienikoff, 2002) and rare monazite chemical ages near 600 Ma suggest that the Cardigan pluton does not have a Laurentian source (i.e. Lower Rangeley Formation or other Central Maine trough metasediments), whereas an inferred peri-Gondwanan basement source is permissible.
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Boissel, Camille. "Exploration de la ceinture de Kuiper par occultations stellaires." Observatoire de Paris (1667-....), 2010. https://theses.hal.science/tel-01958545.
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Les objets de la ceinture de Kuiper (ou Objets Trans-Neptuniens, « OTNs »), sont des reliques du disque des planétésimaux. Ils contiennent de très importantes informations sur l'évolution passée du système solaire. Le nombre d'OTNs connus (un millier) et les plus gros atteignent 2000km de diamètre. Les objets de petite taille (< quelques km) sont invisibles. La seule manière de les détecter est d'utiliser les occultations stellaires. C'est aussi un bon outil pour l'étude et/ou la détection d'atmosphères, anneaux et satellites d'OTNs connus. Mon travail de thèse a porté sur : - une recherche par occultations stellaires d'anneaux et de satellites autour de Pluton; - une recherche de petits OTNs par occultations stellaires avec ULTRACAM ; - le développement d'une méthode statistique de sélection d'étoiles cibles pour la recherche de petits OTNs; - une participation à un projet instrumental : MIOSOTYS (Multi-object Instrument for Occultations in the SOlar system and TransitorY Systems), photomètre rapide multi-objet; - la préparation et l'organisation de la campagne de recherche d'OTNs avec MIOSOTYS, avec le développement de logiciels pour la recherche de champs stellaires, la réduction des données et la visualisation des courbes de lumièresIt is understood that the objects from the Kuiper belt (or Trans-Neptunian Objects, « TNOs »), are remnants from the planetesimal disk, thus, they carry very important information on the solar system past evolution. The number of known TNOs (a thousand) is rapidly increasing thanks to large scale surveys. The biggest bodies reach diameters of about 2000 km. The smallest objects (< a few km) are invisible. The only way to detect these small bodies is by looking for stellar occultations. This is also a powerful tool for the study/detection of atmospheres, satellites, rings, around known TNOs. My thesis work has got various aspects : - a search of rings and satellites of Pluto using stellar occultations; - a search of small TNOs using stellar occultations and ULTRACAM; - the development of a statistical target star selection method, for the search of small TNOs; - a contribution to an instrumental project : MIOSOTYS (Multi-object Instrument for Occultations in the SOlar system and TransitorY Systems), dedicated to multi objects fast photometry; - the preparation and organization of MIOSOTYS campaign for the search of TNOs, with the development of automatic software for the search of stellar fields, data reduction and data visualization
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Dupee, Matthew E. "Porphyroblast Kinematics and Crenulation Cleavage Development in the Aureole of the Mooselookmeguntic Pluton, Western Maine." Fogler Library, University of Maine, 2005. http://www.library.umaine.edu/theses/pdf/DupeeME2005.pdf.
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Dotson, Ellen A. (Ellen Ann). "Argon diffusion gradients in micas and implications for the thermal history of the Sandia pluton." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1994. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/52997.
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Darrozes, José. "Fabriques minérales dans les granites : études multi-échelles. Exemple du pluton du Sidobre (Tarn, France)." Montpellier 2, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997MON20188.
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Richardson, Paul Douglas. "Pluton zonation unveiled by gamma ray spectrometry and magnetic susceptibility : the Sheeprock granite, western, Utah /." Diss., CLICK HERE for online access, 2004. http://contentdm.lib.byu.edu/ETD/image/etd614.pdf.
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Yarr, Timothy Roderick. "A petrological study of the appinite suite associated with the Ardara pluton, Co. Donegal, Ireland." Thesis, University of St Andrews, 1992. http://hdl.handle.net/10023/15565.
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Appinites are enigmatic rocks commonly associated with major I-type plutons in the Caledonian orogen, a number of different models have been proposed for the origin of their parental magmas and unusual textural characteristics. The appinite cluster associated with the Ardara pluton has been studied using petrological techniques with the aim of understanding these features as well as their relationships to the main pluton. The approach of this study has been to select a few appinite bodies considered to be representative of the whole Ardara appinite suite, and to study each in detail in parallel with a limited study of the main pluton. The techniques adopted include field mapping, petrography, mineral chemistry, whole rock major and trace element geochemistry. The detailed aims were to constrain the origin of the magma, its emplacement history and differentiation, for each selected body. In one case (Portnoo) the role of fluids was investigated in detail using stable isotope geochemistry. The Ardara appinite suite comprises a wide variety of generally amphibole-rich rocks typically including hornblendite, meladiorite, diorite, granodiorite and granite. There is one case of cortlandtite. Most have evidence of a significant volatile phase at crystallisation. The intrusions display a wide range in form and emplacement mechanism and most were emplaced prior to, or coeval with, the diapiric granite pluton of Ardara. They have a history of tectonic control on emplacement and are associated with major shear zones acting as potential magma pathways. Mineral geobarometry and geothermometry indicate that the appinites crystallised at 5-8 kb, and selected mineral pairs equilibrated between 800 and 976°C. G1 and G2 of the Ardara pluton crystallised at 5 kb and amphibole-plagioclase equilibrated at around 800°C. These pressures are high if the appinites are high-level diatremes, and this apparent inconsistency is discussed. Variations in bulk geochemistry are considerable and attempts are made to model these as the products of crystal-liquid processes using mass balance major oxide and Rayleigh trace element techniques. The results tend to be dominated by solutions involving amphibole, other mafic minerals and plagioclase, although in many cases no satisfactory result was obtained which suggests that crystal fractionation is not always the sole cause of differentiation. Stable isotope studies of delta18O, delta13C and 5D from the appinites and country rocks at Portnoo indicate that the dominant fluid in this appinite was magmatic in origin, although crustal contamination had occurred, while 6D data also indicate role for meteoric fluids. The data show that fluids from the appinite penetrated the limestone aureole to about 40m. The compositional characteristics of the Ardara appinite suite support a model of derivation of a hydrous basic magma from a mantle source. These magmas undergo differentiation by multiple processes, including crystal-liquid fractionation, as well as contamination by crustal assimilation and possibly by other magmas. The source of G1 & G2 of the main pluton is relatively primitive and could be immature lower crust. It is possible to derive G1 from G2 by crystal fractionation, but probably not in situ. The central G3 granite was almost certainly derived from a distinct, rather more mature crustal source.
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Keyser, Annasofia. "Situationsanpassat ledarskap i heterogena grupper : En studie om kontroll vid en skarpskjutning i en heterogen pluton med yrkessoldater." Thesis, Försvarshögskolan, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:fhs:diva-2710.
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Syftet med detta arbete är att ta reda på om det går att använda samma form av kontroll på heterogena grupper, yrkessoldater, som det gjorde förr med homogenagrupper, värnpliktiga. Problemet ligger i hur ledarskapet ska anpassas efter en grupp med heterogen mognad. Metoden jag har använt mig av för att ta reda på hur kontrollen upplevs är att studera en skarpskjutning med yrkessoldater och därefter genomföra en enkät undersökning med de deltagande. Litterturstudier har kombinerats med en enkätstudie. Vald teori är situationsanpassat ledarskap. Det centrala i teorin är hur ledaren anpassar ledarskapet efter de personer som leds. Studien bedrivs på en ledningspluton på P7, Revingehed. Slutsatsen blir att det går att använda sig av samma form av kontroll på heterogena grupper som på homogena grupper.
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Thomas, Fabrice. "La dynamique résonnante dans le système solaire : application au mouvement des objets transneptuniens." Observatoire de Paris (1667-....), 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998OBSP0080.
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Cette thèse étudie la dynamique résonante dans le système solaire externe. Cette analyse consiste à déterminer les caractéristiques (localisation et amplitude) des résonances orbitales, séculaires et de Kozai qui peuvent affecter l'évolution temporelle de l'orbite d'un petit corps (astéroïde ou comète) dont le mouvement est perturbé par des corps plus massifs : les planètes. Le cas des objets transneptuniens est ici considéré. Au nombre actuel de 60, ils seraient les membres d'une nouvelle famille de petits corps : la ceinture de Kuiper. Celle-ci rassemblerait, outre pluton, plusieurs milliers de corps assez volumineux et serait constituée par les reliquats inutilisés lors de la formation des planètes. Une exploration analytique et numérique de la dynamique montre que cette ceinture se divise en trois régions. La première correspond à sa partie interne (comprise entre 34 et 40 UA) dans laquelle les résonances orbitales avec Neptune protègent les objets des rencontres proches avec cette planète. De plus des intégrations numériques révèlent que ces résonances présentent une stabilité à long terme, équivalente en durée à l’âge du système solaire. Aussi tous les objets découverts dans cette zone se répartissent dans ces résonances, et surtout dans la résonance 2/3 avec Neptune où se trouve Pluton. La région intermédiaire (entre 40 et 42 UA) est instable car les résonances séculaires avec Uranus et Neptune y sont présentes. L’interaction entre ces résonances rend les orbites très chaotiques et fait croitre leur excentricité jusqu'au stade de croiseur de Neptune qui, par rencontres proches, va très rapidement dépeupler cette zone. En revanche, la partie externe de la ceinture (au-delà de 42 UA) présente une dynamique résonante assez pauvre : il n'y a plus de résonances séculaires et les résonances orbitales, très séparées les unes des autres, ont des effets dynamiques peu intensesThis thesis studies the resonant dynamics in the outer Solar System. The analysis consists in the determination of the properties (location and amplitude) of the mean motion, secular and Kozai resonances, which could affect the orbital evolution of a little body (asteroid or comet) under the perturbations given by more massive bodies : the planets. The case of trans-neptunian objects is considered. Now 60 in number, they belong to a new family of little bodies : the Kuiper belt. This system should collect, in addition to Pluto, several thousand very large bodies which should be the unused debris left after the formation of the planets. Both analytical and numerical explorations of the resonant structure of the Kuiper belt show that this system turns out to be made of three different parts. In the first one (between 34 and 40 AU), mean motion resonances with Neptune protect the objects from close encounters with this planet. Moreover, numerical integrations reveal that these resonances are stable over a time exceeding the age of the Solar System. All the objects present in this part are distributed in these resonances (mainly in the 2/3 with Neptune). Besides a non-resonant and very stable zone at small eccentricity is mysteriously unpopulated. In the intermediary region (between 40 and 42 AU), the dynamics is unstable because the secular resonances with Uranus and Neptune overlap and pump the eccentricity up to Neptune-crossing values. On the other hand, the resonant dynamics in the outer part of the Kuiper belt (beyond 42 AU) is very poor : there are no secular resonances and the mean motion resonances with Neptune, being very separated from each other, have little dynamical effects. The trans-neptunian objects detected in this region have quite big eccentricity and high inclination, and this fact cannot be explained by pure dynamics but requires the investigation of primordial mechanisms of excitation
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Webber, Jeffrey R. "Advances in Rock Fabric Quantification and the Reconstruction of Progressive Dike Replacement in the Coastal Batholith of Central Chile." ScholarWorks @ UVM, 2012. http://scholarworks.uvm.edu/graddis/238.
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The Coastal Batholith of central Chile preserves structures that record the concentration, migration, transportation, and emplacement of magma during the progressive construction of a sheeted dike complex. This sheeted dike complex is divided into three main structural-geographic domains. The northwestern domain contains an abundance of deformed microgranitoid enclaves that host features that facilitated the concentration of melt during crystallization. The formation of interconnected dilational sites produced an array of lecocratic zones that may have formed larger dike networks that facilitated the transportation of melt-rich magma producing new magmatic units of similar mineralogy. The central domain is characterized by the presence of two tonalitic units that contain enclave swarms distinguished by their general packing arrangement and degree of elongation. Di erences in the fabric architecture of these enclave swarms are displayed by two separate three-dimensional fabric analyses using the Rf/ method, which indicates an abrupt transition from low-distortion oblate fabrics to more distorted prolate geometries. These changes are compared to the statistical alignment of feldspar phenocrysts that indicate general attening in both units with a higher degree of alignment within the XZ fabric plane for the younger tonalite. The third (southeastern) domain is distinguished by meter-scale, compositionally and texturally diverse sheeted dikes intercalated with biotite-rich migmatite screens of the host gneiss along the pluton margin. The need to process large quantities of fabric data from central Chile presented the opportunity to establish a comprehensive method for the quanti cation of three-dimensional rock fabrics following the Rf/ and Fry methods. In order to test the utility of this procedure, a three-dimensional synthetic model of known strain shape, magnitude, and orientation was processed. The results of this assessment indicate that the procedure accurately calculated the expected state of strain within a small margin of error. Finally, a natural example is presented to test the method's ability to quantify the fabrics of deformed rocks. This example is a \lineation much greater than foliation" (L>>S) metagranite augen gneiss from the Coastal Batholith of central Chile. This analysis resulted in calculated fabric ellipsoids from both the Rf/ and Fry methods that clearly display signi cantly prolate geometries at moderate distortions. The development of the three-dimensional rock fabric quanti cation procedure highlighted the need to teach analytical strain techniques in three-dimensions. To allow for this application, an interactive R script (FRY3D) was created speci cally to aid in the instruction and visualization of three-dimensional strain calculation at the advanced undergraduate and graduate levels. This tutorial was presented to a structural geology course of 20 students at the undergraduate level with a two part semi-quantitative concept assessment before and after the presentation. The results of this assessment indicate a positive increase in student's understanding of three-dimensional nite strain. Finally, a simple examination of analytical error associated with the Panozzo projection technique for strain analysis is presented and indicates relationships among population size, strain magnitude, and initial fabric. My results suggest that this method is most robust when applied to sections containing greater than approximately 125 lines. Moreover, the magnitude-dependent error indicates that the method may be better suited for rocks deformed at low to moderate strains. I recommend an adaption to the initial conditional assumptions for this method that lines exhibit an initial radial symmetry when recentered to a common point.
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Wäckerling, Silva Lissette Carolina. "Petrologia y Geoquímica del Pluton Plomo, 47°00’S – 72°55’W, Region de Aysen, Chile." Tesis, Universidad de Chile, 2007. http://www.repositorio.uchile.cl/handle/2250/102981.
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