Dissertations / Theses: 'PMS Objekt'

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Borhani, Khomami Arash, and Pour Jonas Adel. "PMS Objekt vs ERAPAVE-ME : Design of pavement." Thesis, KTH, Byggteknik och design, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-296541.

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There are two types of superstructures in superstructure design, rigid and flexible. Rigid superstructures have higher load-bearing capacity than flexible superstructures. In Sweden, rigid superstructures are used for slow and heavy traffic roads such as bus stations and parking lots. A common example of rigid superstructures is cement-bound superstructures that have cement-bound layers instead of bitumen. Flexible superstructures can be bitumen bonded layers or unbound structures.The program PMS Object (Pavement Management Systems) is used in Sweden for designing highway constructions, new as well as maintenance / reinforcement of existing highways. PMS Object is based on linear elastic theory and the calculation methods are based on analytical - empirical dimensioning method. According to TRVK, the calculation method only works for the conditions and material that the designer chose during the design process. This makes it difficult for the designer when the material is to be replaced.The National Road & Transport Research Institute "VTI" started the process to develop a new program based on multilayer elastic theory and the calculation method is based on a mechanical analytical method. This means there are more alternatives for input data in the form of climate data as well as more models for calculating traffic loads and structures compared to when using the analytical - empirical dimensioning model PMS Object.The purpose of this thesis is to compare two highway design programs, PMS Object and ERAPAVE. During this work, we have studied the models and methods on which the software is based. For three realistic roads results are presented, compared, and discussed to determine in what way the software differ.The result shows that ERAPAVE shows more output, which gives you a better overall picture of the project. The program used more in-depth data and other models than PMS object. In ERAPAVE you can calculate the track depth development for all layers. PMS assumes that the rutting comes from the terrace, not from other layers. ERAPAVE can characterize traffic in different ways as standard axels or more detailed alternatives such as WIM data and that program considers the traffic's lateral distribution and more.
Det finns två typer av vägöverbyggnader, styva och flexibla. Styva överbyggnader har högre bärighetsförmåga än flexibla. I Sverige används oftast styva överbyggnader vid långsamma och tungt trafikerande vägar som till exempel busstationer och parkeringar. Ett vanligt exempel på styva överbyggnader är cementbundna överbyggnader som har cementbundna lager istället för bitumen. Flexibla överbyggnader kan vara bitumenbundna lager eller obundna konstruktioner och det finns inga cementbundna lager i flexibla överbyggnader.PMS Objekt (Pavement Management Systems) används i Sverige vid dimensionering av vägöverbyggnader, nybyggda vägar såväl som underhåll/förstärkning av befintliga. PMS Objekt är baserat på linjärelastisk teori och beräkningsmetoderna på analytisk - empirisk dimensionering. Enligt TRVK väg fungerar beräkningsmetoden endast för dessa förhållanden och för materialet som konstruktören valde vid dimensioneringen. Det gör det svårt för konstruktören när materialen ska ersättas.Statens Väg- & Transportforsknings Institut “VTI” har börjat utvecklingen av ett nytt program som är baserat på elastisk teori för flerskikt och beräkningsmetoden är baserad på en mekanisk analytisk metod. Det betyder att det finns fler alternativ för beräkning av trafiklaster och strukturer jämfört med den analytisk – empirisk dimensioneringsmodellen.Syftet med examensarbetet är att jämföra två vägdimensioneringsprogram. Under detta arbete jämförs indata som används till varje program vid beräkning av olika projekt och deras skillnader. I nästa steg studeras hur modeller och metoder som programvarorna baseras på påverkar slutresultatet, dvs. dimensioneringen. Resultat presenteras för tre realistiska objekt där överbyggnaden dimensioneras med PMS Objekt och ERAPAVE varpå en kort diskussion följer.Resultatet visar att ERAPAVE visar mer utdata vilket gör att man får en bättre helhetsbild över projektet. Programmet använde fler ingående data och andra modeller än PMS objekt. I ERAPAVE kan man beräkna spårdjupsutveckling för alla lager. PMS antar att spårbildningen kommer från terrassen, inte från andra lager. ERAPAVE kan karakterisera trafiken på olika sätt som standardaxlar eller mer detaljerade alternativ som WIM data samt att programmet tar hänsyn till trafikens sidolägesfördelning med mera.

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Ander, Julia. "Coating actions for an intersection affected by repeated rutting." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Medie- och Informationsteknik, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-94551.

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Korsningar, busshållplatser, söderbackar och lastkajer är ytor med extrem påkänning på grund av hög trafikbelastning, låg hastighet, accelerationer, inbromsningar, svängningar, spårbundenhet och utsatthet för höga temperaturer. Den speciella lastsituationen riskerar orsaka spårbildning, vilket är det vanligaste problemet i korsningar. Genom att anpassa beläggningen efter den utsatta ytan så kan projektören påverka vägens funktion och livslängd. Syftet med detta examensarbete var att studera vilka beläggningsåtgärder som är lämpliga för utsatta körytor såsom korsningar och busshållplatser samt att se vad som orsakar skadebilden i en skadedrabbad korsning. Vidare var syftet att jämföra tre beläggningsalternativ för att se vilket som var mest fördelaktigt ur ett livslängds- och kostnadsperspektiv. Frågeställningarna var följande: 1. Vilka beläggningar är lämpliga för särskilt utsatta körytor såsom korsningar och busshållplatser? 2. Vad orsakar skadebilden vid frånfarten på Malmslättsvägen vid korsningen Malmslättsvägen/ Kaserngatan? 3. Vilken beläggningsåtgärd av ABS11, Densiphalt och PMA är bäst ur ett livslängd- och kostnadsperspektiv under 20 år för korsningen Malmslättsvägen/ Kaserngatan? För att besvara frågeställningarna gjordes litteraturstudier samt en fallstudie i form av okulär bedömning och balkanalys i det aktuella vägsnittet. Dessutom jämfördes livslängd och kostnader mellan beläggningsalternativen i PMS Objekt respektive genom en ekonomisk beräkningsmetod. Resultatet visade att ett bindlager kan uppta de skjuvkrafter som uppstår på utsatta ytor och förhindrar därmed sprickbildning och deformationer. CBÖ och platsgjuten betong har i studier visat begränsa spårbildning. Densiphalt är lämplig som beläggning på utsatta ytor och ger samtidigt ytan motståndskraft mot olja och bensin. IM är starkare, styvare och mindre deformationsbenägen än en vanlig asfalt och är därför lämplig på högtrafikerade vägar. Fallstudien på det aktuella vägsnittet visade att skadebilden hade två orsaker. Dels fanns ett ytslitage som var orsakat av den spårbundna dubbdäckstrafiken. Dessutom förekom plastisk deformation i det andra och tredje asfaltlagret till följd av otillräcklig stabilitet i asfaltmassan med hänsyn till den långsamtgående och stillastående trafiken. De obundna lagren var till synes opåverkade vid balkanalysen. Jämförelsen mellan beläggningsalternativen visade att Densiphalt hade längst livslängd följt av PMA och ABS11. Kostnadsmässigt hade PMA lägst annuitet följt av Densiphalt och ABS11. Orsaken till att ABS11 var dyrast var troligen behovet av mellanliggande akutåtgärder i form av gjutasfalt. Slutsatsen var att kompletterande bindlager, CBÖ, PMA, Densiphalt, betong och IM var lämpliga beläggningar för särskilt utsatta ytor. Skadebilden vid det undersökta vägsnittet bedömdes bero på ytslitage på grund av spårbunden dubbdäckstrafik samt plastisk deformation till följd av tung trafik. Densiphalt hade längst livslängd och PMA hade lägst annuitet. Konventionell ABS11 var sämst ur både livslängds- och kostnadsperspektiv, vilket bedömdes bero på behovet av mellanliggande akutåtgärder i form av gjutasfalt.

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Helmersson, Elin, and Tim Nestéus. "Dimensionering av vägens bärlager : Hur påverkar asfaltbetongblandningen och hur effektiv är svensk dimensioneringsmetod?" Thesis, KTH, Byggteknik och design, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-142367.

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Det här arbetet handlar om asfaltbetongblandningar och hur variationen av dessa vid projektering påverkar vägarnas dimensionering i överbyggnaden mer specifikt bärlagret. Arbetet är baserat på litteraturstudier av den senaste teorin kring dimensionering av asfaltbetongblandningar i väglager samt tillhörande kravskrifter både från svenska och amerikanska myndigheter. Den inledande delen i examensarbetet omfattar bakgrunden till vägdimensionering. Inledningsvis behandlas materialet asfaltbetong och derss egenskaper för att sedan gå vidare till allmänt om vägar, hur de utformas, vägens funktionella egenskaper och skador som kan uppstå. Detta ska ge läsaren tillräckligt med bakgrund för att följa med i resten av arbetet där man kan läsa mer ingående om deformationsskador och vilka parametrar som är till stor vikt när man studerar skador som uppstår i asfaltbetongen samt relationen till dem egenskaper bitumen har. Rapporten avslutas med att resonera kring eventuella problem kring dimensioneringsmetoder samt betydelsen av blandningens hållfasthetsegenskaper och hur de påverkar vägarnas tjocklek. Slutsatsen i rapporten är att asfaltbetongblandningen har en betydelse för dimensionering av bärlager och att det kan vara någonting att beakta oftare vid vägdimensionering speciellt vid blandningar som skiljer sig mycket från standardvarianterna.
This essay is about bitumen concrete pavement mixtures and how the variation of these affects the design of the superstructure of the road during the design-stadium, more specifically the pavement. The essay is based upon studies of literature written about the latest theory of asphalt concrete design for roads as well as the texts with regulations from Swedish and American government agencies. The introductory parts of the essay consist of the background to road design. Initially bitumen concrete and its characteristics are discussed and move on to general information about roads, how they are designed, the roads serviceable characteristics and finally the damage that can develop. This is meant to give the reader enough background to follow the rest of the essay where you can read more about deformation and which parameters that are of importance when you study deformation in bitumen concrete as well as the relation between the characteristics of bitumen concrete and bitumen. The essay is then finished with a argumentation about eventual problems with design methods and the significance of the bitumen concrete mixture’s strength parameters and how they affect the thickness of the road superstructure. The conclusion is that the asphalt concrete mixture has an impact on the design of the pavement of the road and that it should be something to take into account more often in road design, especially when you are using a mixture that differs much from the standard mixtures.

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Elmehög, Hampus. "Uppföljning av absoluta tjälrörelser : En fallstudie av väg E10 i Kiruna." Thesis, Luleå tekniska universitet, Geoteknologi, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:ltu:diva-72057.

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Detta examensarbete har haft som mål att undersöka tjällyftningen hos en väg i en fältstudie och utvärdera reliabiliteten hos två olika modeller för skattning av tjällyftning. Modellerna som har studerats är Trafikverkets nuvarande, vilken är implementerad i deras vägdimensioneringsverktyg PMS Objekt, samt segregation potential theory. Den studerade vägsträckan är belägen i Kiruna. I vägen har borrkärneprover tagits och vägens obundna lager, inklusive terassmaterial, har blivit analyserade i laboratorium. Dessa tester inkluderar både geoteknisk klassificering och endimensionella frysförsök på terassmaterialet. Materialets tjälfarlighet har klassificerats enligt både Trafikverkets eget och det amerikanska USACEs system. Alla prover, inklusive terrassmaterialet, består huvudsakligen av grus och sand. Enligt båda de använda klassificeringssystemen bedöms alla prover som icke tjälfarliga. Nivåmätningar utförda på vägen visar dock att tjällyftning ändå förekommer i vägen. Denna tjällyftning har inte kunnat modelleras framgångsrikt i PMS Objekt, där ingen tjällyftning alls fås trots att en dimensionerande vinter tillämpas i analysen. Däremot har en god överensstämmelse mellan bakåträknad och empiriskt beräknad tjälfarlighetsklassificering med SP0-värde enligt segregation potential theory kunnat ses. Även när detta beräknas utifrån utförda frysförsök fås en relativt god överensstämmelse. Studiens främsta fynd är att den visar på att även material som bedöms som ej tjällyftande enligt de två systemen för tjälfarlighetsklassificering faktiskt orsakar tjällyftning och att detta omfattar både terrass- och överbyggnadsmaterial. Studien visar att detta tjällyft främst beror på primärt lyft, varför klassificeringarna stämmer ganska väl om endast det sekundära lyftet avses. Studien har även visat på att Trafikverkets nuvarande modell är otillräcklig när det kommer till att modellera tjällyftning för grovkorniga jordar. Slutligen har studien även visat på möjligheten att bedöma jords tjälfarlighet med hjälp av segregation potential theory, även om också denna metod endast kan användas för att modellera sekundärt lyft.
The aim of the master thesis has been to examine the frost heaving of a road in a field study and to evaluate the reliability of two different models for estimation of frost heaving. The studied models are the current one of the Swedish Transport Administration, which is implemented in their road design tool PMS Objekt, and the segregation potential theory. The studied road section is located in Kiruna, in the northern part of Sweden. The road has been cored and the unbound layers of it, including the subgrade, have been analyzed in laboratory. These analyses include both geotechnical characterization and one-dimensional frost heave tests of the subgrade material. The frost susceptibility of the collected material has been classified according to both the Swedish Transport Administrations system and the American USACE’s system. All samples, including the subgrade, consist mainly of gravel and sand. According to both the used classification systems all samples are classified as not frost susceptible. However, the elevation measurements of the road show that frost heaving occurs in it despite this. This heaving has not been possible to model successfully in the program PMS Objekt. In it the frost heave prediction yields no heave at all, despite applying a design winter (worst case) in the analysis. A good conformity has however been observed between back-calculated and empirically evaluated frost susceptibility using segregation potential theory. A quite good conformity has also been observed when the same thing is evaluated from the preformed freeze tests. The most important finding of the study is that even material that is categorized as non-frost susceptible according to the two studied systems actually does heave. This finding includes both subgrade aswell as the unbound material in the superstructure. It has been found that the total frost heave observed in this study originates mainly from primary heaving, meaning the studied systems are quite correct in their frost susceptibility classification if only secondary heaving is intended. The study has also shown that the current model applied in PMS Objekt is poor in predicting the amount of heaving in coarse subgrades. Finally, the study has also shown the possibility to evaluate a soils frost susceptibility using segregation potential theory, although this model aswell is only applicable to secondary heave

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Šuba, Pavel. "Polyfunkční objekt." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta stavební, 2015. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-227643.

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This thesis solves the design of multifunctional building. The building is situated on the outskirts of Mikulov in the cadastral area Mikulov in Moravia. Plot number is the 5087th. Multifunctional house will be used for housing of 26 people and providing commercial services. There are considered groceries and hairdressing salon. The building is designed without a basement, four-storey, with a gabled roof. It is based on the footings of plain concrete. The structural system consists of wall formwork system from VELOX.

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Törnå, Niklas, and Erik Segerstedt. "Rekommendationer för vägkonstruktion i betong eller asfalt : Med hänsyn på lågtrafikerad väg sett för koldioxidutsläpp samt sprickor uppkomna av tjällyft vid subarktiskt klimat." Thesis, Luleå tekniska universitet, Institutionen för samhällsbyggnad och naturresurser, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:ltu:diva-70352.

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Skandinavien har en lång tradition att bygga vägar i asfalt framför att konstruera dem i betong. Examensarbetets syfte är att ta reda på om alternativet betong är mer lönsamt och miljövänligare ur ett livscykelperspektiv. Som jämförelse har en möjlig omläggning av Väg 97 i Norrbotten studerats. Programmen som använts för dimensionering och klimatanalys är PMS Objekt och Trafikverkets Klimatkalkyl. Rapporten har utrett hur beläggningsmaterialen asfalt och betong fungerar i ett subarktiskt klimat, där betongens styvhet kan vara en nackdel eftersom den är mer känslig för sprickbildning vid tjällyft i jämförelse med asfalt (men detta kan förändras om klimatet blir varmare). En fördel med betongen är dess livslängd på 40 år jämfört med asfaltens livslängd på 8 år. Asfalten behöver underhållas och bytas oftare samtidigt som kostnaden för bytet är mindre och enklare att genomföra jämfört med betongvägar. Därutöver har examensarbetet studerat tjälsprickor, hur de uppkommer, preventiva metoder och underhåll. Det sker även ett klargörs vad en Livscykelanalys är och hur den genomförs för att beräkna en teoretisk mängd koldioxid vid produktion av vägen. Resultatet har delats upp i tre fallstudier: tjällyft i PMS Object, handberäkningar av spänningar i betong och storlek på möjlig tjälspricka och CO2 som generas vid produktion av vägkropp i de två olika materialen. Betongen klarar av 20 mm tjällyft och det beräknas bli 6 mm medan asfalt klarar av upp till 50 mm och har en beräknat värde på 41 mm. Därutöver släpper asfalten bara 39 136 ton vilket är en mindre mängd än betongen. Asfalten vinner därför över betongen i det här fallet, men när vägarna blir mer trafikerade eller/och om tjälen blir mindre på grund av klimatförändringar kan detta förändras. En av de mest bidragande faktorerna till att asfalten vinner är att betongen klarar av mindre deformation på grund av sina styva egenskaper. När två fall studerades och jämfördes med betongens tryckhållfasthet klarades sig enbart det ena (spänningar på 10 kPa/m och 2,21 kPa/m uppstår i betongen på grund av temperaturskiftningar, detta jämfört med betongens tryckhållfasthet på 4,1 kPa/m). För det värsta fallet, där plattan beräknas spricka på mitten, har en teoretisk spricka beräknats till ca 0,3 mm. En felkälla vid dessa beräkningar är att det enbart tar hänsyn till 16 års tjällyft, trots att betongen är beräknad att ligga i 40 år. Vår rekommendation är därför att bygga vägen i asfalt eftersom det i dagsläget är för få trafikanter (<9000 ÅDT) och att beläggningen belastas av för mycket deformationer av temperaturskiftningar. Att betong även genererar mer koldioxid spelar även in, men vi misstänker att detta kan bero på att denna skillnad kan bero på för generella dimensioneringsprogram. Vi har resonerat kring möjliga merkostnader med att bygga med ett mer koldioxidgenererande material vilket kan orsaka stora kostnader för samhället på grund av dess inverkan på klimatförändringar i efterhand trots att den initiala kostnaden kan bli lägre. Dock är denna kostnad problematisk att beräkna på grund av många okända faktorer. Det som skulle vara intressant att studera vidare i framtida forskning är att med handberäkningar, alternativ skapa ett nytt program, som på ett mer rättvisande sätt kan beräkna de två olika materialen skillnader och styrkor. I dagsläget är det för många generaliseringar för att verkligen ställa de två materialen mot varandra. Däröver skulle det också vara intressant att se hur betong och asfalt kan användas tillsammans, i hybridvägar. Att till exempel använda asfalt på det generella vägnätet och betong i rondeller, korsningar, eller busshållplatser där belastningen på beläggningen är större (mer specifikt undersöka hur fogarna mellan dessa material skulle utformas).
Scandinavia has a long tradition of building roads in asphalt rather than constructing them in concrete. Therefore, this report's purpose is to find out which material would be more profitable in an environmentally perspective while building an extension of the regional Road 97 located in the subarctic county of Norrbotten. Software’s the industry use to design roads are, among others, PMS Object and Trafikverkets Klimatkalkyl. The report analyzes how asphalt and concrete differ in subarctic climate, and concludes that concrete has great disadvantage because it cannot deform sufficiently enough as needed to due to frost heaves, especially compared to asphalt. The concrete should last for 40 years compared with asphalts estimated lifespan of 8 years. This means that the asphalt needs a shorter maintenance plan and if something goes wrong in the production it’s not the same amount money wasted. The report concluded what frost cracks are, how they occur and are counteracted (during the construction phase and maintenance). Furthermore it clarifies what a Life Cycle Analysis is and how it is implemented to calculate the amount of carbon dioxide in the production of a road. The result has been divided into three cases: 1. PMS Object Simulations of frost heaves, 2. hand calculations of tension in concrete resulting and the size of the formed frost cracks, 3. the amount of CO2 generated in the production. Those three cases gives the outcome that concrete has a frost heave capability of 20 mm and a calculated value of 6 mm thermal expansion while asphalt is able to handle 50 mm and have a calculated 41 mm expansion. The asphalt releases only 39 136 tons of CO2, which is less than the concrete. Asphalt therefore wins over the concrete, but the tables might turn if the roads get more traffic and frost heave reduces due to climate changes. The decisive factor in making asphalt the winner in this race is that the concrete can handle less deformation due to its stiffed properties. In order to show this phenomena two cases were studied and compared to the standardized compressive strength of the concrete (4,1 kPa/m for C50); the worst case scenario ended up with 10 kPa/m (and would crack) and the normal case created a tension of 2.21 kPa/m. The crack of the worst case scenario has about a 0,3 mm theoretical crack width. A source of error in these calculations is that it only takes into account the 16 seasons of frost heaves, despite that the concrete is estimated to last for 40 years. Our recommendation is therefore to build the road in asphalt since the current traffic on the road is below 9000 AADT and the pavement is greatly affected by frost heaves. Concrete would also increase release more carbon dioxide during its production, but we suspect this may be because of insufficient amount of critical factors in the design software. We have discussed the possible additional costs of building the road with a material that generates high amount carbon dioxide, and studied the future costs for the society due to its impact on climate change. However, this cost is problematic to calculate due to its many unknown factors. It would be interesting to do further research and determine what hand calculations should be used, or alternatively, create a new program that can calculate the differences between the two materials more accurately. At present, there are too many generalizations that makes it nearly impossible to compare the two materials against each other. Moreover, it would also be interesting to see how concrete and asphalt can be used together, in hybrid roads. For example, using asphalt on the general road network and concrete in roundabouts, intersections, or bus stops where the load on the pavement can be greater (more specifically, examine how the joints between these materials should be designed).

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Sun, C. P., X. F. Liu, D. L. Zhou, S. X. Yu, and Andreas Cap@esi ac at. "Localization of Macroscopic Object Induced by the Factorization of." ESI preprints, 2000. ftp://ftp.esi.ac.at/pub/Preprints/esi958.ps.

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Kurmann, Christian A. "Zero copy strategies for distributed CORBA objects in clusters of PCs /." [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2002. http://e-collection.ethbib.ethz.ch/show?type=diss&nr=14950.

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Evanko, Liberty Rae. "Development of an H alpha index for the detection of PMS candidates in young open clusters /." Diss., CLICK HERE for online access, 2007. http://contentdm.lib.byu.edu/ETD/image/etd1715.pdf.

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Giraud, Thibaut. "Il y a des choses qui n'existent pas : en défense d'un meinongianisme logiquement cohérent et ontologiquement économe." Paris, EHESS, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016EHES0004.

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Il y a toutes sortes de choses dont nous pouvons parler ; et, parmi ces choses de toutes sortes, il y a des choses qui n'existent pas (comme le monstre du Loch Ness ou le rond carré). L'essentiel de ma thèse consiste à formuler avec rigueur et précision des théories qui expriment une telle intuition, théories que j'appellerai des meinongianismes, puis à les défendre contre deux types d'objection : d'abord des objections qui remettent en cause leur cohérence logique, ensuite des objections qui accusent leur coût ontologique. Je défendrai donc d'une part qu'il y a des théories meinongiennes logiquement cohérente : différentes approches ont déjà été développée et je montrerai ce qu'elles ont en commun ainsi que les avantages et les inconvénients de chacune. D'autre part, dans une seconde partie plus originale, je défendrai que ces théories meinongiennes cohérentes peuvent être formulées de façon à ce que leur engagement ontologique soit acceptable. Autrement dit, je montrerai pourquoi les objets meinongiens ne correspondent pas forcément à des entités meinongiennes. La prise de conscience du fait que les logiques meinongiennes n'engagent pas forcément envers une ontologie meinongienne devrait permettre de renouveler d'une façon beaucoup plus large l'intérêt pour ces logiques : si la preuve est faite que les théories meinongiennes peuvent être logiquement cohérentes et ontologiquement économes, une telle approche étant de surcroît féconde du point de vue philosophique (de nombreuses applications en témoignent), alors il semble bien que la charge de la preuve ne soit plus du côté des défenseurs de ces théories mais revienne à ses adversaires
There are all sorts of things we can talk about; and, among these things of all sorts, there are things that do not exist (such as the Loch Ness Monster or a round square). A theory that makes sense of this intuition is what I call a Meinongian theory. The purpose of my dissertation is to expound different kinds of Meinongian theories and to defend them against two main objections: first, a logical objection according to which Meinongian theories are inconsistent; then, an ontological objection according to which the ontological cost of these theories is unacceptable. In a first part, I will show that Meinongian theories can be consistent: different accounts have already been developed by various authors and will show what they have in common as well as the advantages and disadvantages of each. Then, in a second and more original part, I will show how these consistent Meinongian theories can be formulated in such a way that their ontological commitment becomes acceptable. In other words, I will show why Meinongian objects do not necessarily correspond to Meinongian entities. This result could bring a much broader interest in Meinongian logic among philosophers: if a Meinongian theory can be logically consistent and ontologically parsimonious, since it is also a fruitful approach from a philosophical point of view (Meinongian logic has indeed many applications to many fields, especially in relation with intentionnality), it seems that the onus would no longer be on the side of the defenders of Meinongianism but should return to their opponents

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Brown, Anthony Murray. "Very high energy emission and multi-wavelength campaigns of the BL Lac object PKS 2155-304." Thesis, Durham University, 2006. http://etheses.dur.ac.uk/919/.

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This thesis is concerned with multi-wavelength observations of the prominent southern hemisphere high energy BL Lac object, (HBL), PKS 2155-304. After a general introduction covering the particulars of Active Galactic Nuclei, the pysical processes and models that are believed to play an important role in the observations and ground based γ-ray astronomy, the results and interpretation of four individual multi-wavelength campaigns on PKS 2155-304 are presented. Lead by observations of the High Energy Stereoscopic System (H.E.S.S.), these campaigns include observations with RXTE, NTT at ESO, ROTSE, Spitzer, JCMT and the NRT. During all these campaigns, the source appeared to be in a quiescent state, allowing us to probe the jet paramaters and emission models for a quiescent HBL for the first time. The models for VHE emission from HBLs have evolved over the last 14 years since Mkn 421 was detected as a VHE emitter. However, the sensitivity of the past generations of VHE telescopes has only been sufficient to observe VHE emission from HBLs during apparent active states. These evolved models are therefore essentially high active state emission models. Since the sensitivity of H.E.S.S. now allows us to detect these objects in a quiescent state , the obvious question is, do the 'active state' models still accurately predict the SED and in particular the VHE emission?

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Zhong, Zeling. "Comprendre l’appropriation des objets connectés grand public : une approche de modélisation à composants hiérarchiques." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019SACLE017.

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Selon Hoffman & Novak (2018), les objets connectés grand public qui ouvrent la voie à de nouvelles expériences d'usage, ont le potentiel de révolutionner la vie des consommateurs dans les années à venir. Le principal enjeu des objets connectés réside dans le fait d'intégrer leur usage dans les pratiques quotidiennes des consommateurs en produisant activement des données d'usage sur le long terme, à savoir l'appropriation. Cette recherche a validé le modèle explicatif de l'appropriation de l'objet connecté grand public au travers des besoins psychologiques des consommateurs français à l'égard de leurs objets connectés possédés. Nos résultats montrent que l'appropriation de l'objet connecté est fortement corrélée au besoin d'identité de soi, le besoin d'avoir un territoire ainsi que le besoin d'efficace et d'effectance. Et l'appropriation de l'objet connecté peut avoir un impact positif sur la perception de la valeur globale de l'objet connecté par les consommateurs, les comportements extra-rôle des consommateurs, ainsi que la satisfaction de leur vie quotidienne. Par ailleurs, le rôle médiateur des comportements extra rôle dans la relation entre l'appropriation et la valeur perçue nous permet d'affiner la compréhension des mécanismes de cocréation de valeur du point de vue du consommateur. Il nous enseigne de manière complémentaire comment l'appropriation de l'objet connecté contribue à la création de valeur par les consommateurs
According to Hoffman & Novak (2018), the smart connected object is presenting new opportunities for usage experience that have the potential to revolutionize consumers' lives. The main challenge for smart connected objects is to integrate their use into the daily practices of consumers by actively producing usage data in the long-term, namely appropriation. This research has validated the explanatory model of consumer smart connected object appropriation through the psychological needs of French consumers regarding their smart connected objects. Our results show that the smart connected object appropriation is strongly correlated with the need for self-identity, the need for having a place, the need for efficacy and effectance. And the smart connected object appropriation has a positive impact on perceived value of smart connected objects by consumers, their extra-role behaviors, as well as satisfaction of their daily life. Moreover, the mediating role of extra-role behaviors in the relationship between appropriation and perceived value allows us to understand in a complementary way the value cocreation mechanisms from the viewpoint of consumers, concerning how the smart connected object appropriation contributes to value creation by consumers

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Rebuschi, Manuel. "Peut-on dire ce qui n'est pas ? : objets mathématiques et autres fictions : sémantique et ontologie." Nancy 2, 2000. http://docnum.univ-lorraine.fr/public/NANCY2/doc551/2000NAN21013.pdf.

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Si les philosophes ont produit quantité de conceptions anti-réalistes des mathématiques (formalisme, intuitionnisme. . . ), et même édicté des interdits de limitant telle ou telle variante de mathématique non réaliste, la plupart des mathématiciens y sont restés indifférents : spontanément réalistes, au sens où ils vivent leur pratique comme la découverte d'aspects d'une réalité autonome, ils n'en sont pas pour autant nécessairement platonistes quand, par un retour réflexif sur leur propre pratique, ils en viennent à statuer sur l'ontologie de cette prétendue " réalité ". Il s'agit donc d'articuler deux moments qui apparaissent en décalage, au point d'être parfois contradictoires : " l'ontologie spontanée " ou la phénoménologie du mathématicien et son " ontologie réfléchie ". D'un point de vue logique, l'objectif est celui de rendre compatible le plus grand libéralisme quant aux règles de construction des théories avec une ontologie nominaliste extrême, le fictionnalisme mathématique. Une approche structuraliste, inspirée par la notion de contenu formel de Granger, permet d'adosser l'ontologie des mathématiques à l'objectivité de la syntaxe, en privilégiant la forme sur le contenu. Dans un second temps, à partir d'une réflexion sur la logique des fictions ordinaires, on réhabilite le contenu en tant qu'objet mental à un niveau proprement sémantique, en rupture avec le paradigme logico-ontologique de Quine. L'approche modèle-théorétique et l'étude de différentes conceptions des quantificateurs (quantifications substitutionnelle et objectuelle, théorie sémantique des jeux de Hintikka) incitent à séparer nettement deux aspects, sémantique et ontologie, alors que la tradition de l'universalisme logique incluait la seconde dans la première. Le désengagement ontologique des théories sémantiques permet alors de retourner à certains débats des théoriciens de la référence, en y discernant les traits irréductiblement pragmatiques, par la même rétifs à toute théorisation
Whereas philosophers have proposed many anti-realistic conceptions of mathematics (formalism, intuitionism. . . ) and have even enacted restrictions so as to set boundaries to different variants of non-realistic mathematics, most mathematicians have ignored them ; being spontaneously realistic, because they experience their research as the discovery of aspects of an autonomous reality, they do not, however, necessarely adopt a Platonistic stance when, thinking back on their own practice, they eventually decide on the ontology of this so-called "reality". Therefore, one must articulate two moments between which there appears to be a discrepancy, not to say a contradiction : the mathematician's "spontaneous ontology" and his/her "sophisticated ontology". From a logical point of view, the purpose of this work is to reconcile the utmost liberalism concerning the rules of theory construction, and a radical nominalist ontology, mathematical fictionalism. A structuralist approach based on Granger's "formal content" notion makes it possible to back mathematical ontology onto the objectivity of syntax, thereby favouring form over content. Next, starting from a study on the logic of ordinary fictions, the notion of content as a mental object is rehabilitated at a strictly semantic level, in opposition to Quine's logical-ontological paradigm. The model-theoretic approach, supported by the study of substitutional and objectual quantifiers, Hintikka's Game-Theoretical Semantics, etc. , leads one to draw a clear divide between semantics and ontology, as against the tradition of logical universalism according to which the latter was included in the former. Once semantics is freed from its ontological commitments, it is possible to return to some issues raised by the theory of reference and point out some irreducible pragmatic features of it, which naturally withstand any theorization

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Abitbol, Sarah. "Ce que l'antisémitisme enseigne à la psychanalyse : une puissance sombre au commande." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018USPCC115/document.

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Dans cette thèse, nous traitons de l’antisémitisme comme un symptôme à déchiffrer à partir des enseignements de Freud et Lacan. Il ne s’agit donc pas de psychanalyse appliquée à l’antisémitisme mais de cerner ce qu’enseigne l’antisémitisme à la psychanalyse. Deux questions nous orientent : Pourquoi le Juif est-il la cible d’une haine séculaire ? Comment se met-elle en place ? Autrement dit, quels sont les mécanismes psychiques à l’œuvre dans la haine. Ce que signifie être Juif devient alors essentiel pour notre recherche. Pour Freud, ne renoncer à rien et suppléer à ce qui a été perdu, est l’essence du Juif. Et c’est cette ténacité qui lui attire une haine éternelle. Pour Lacan, le sujet Juif, c’est celui qui sait lire dans l’intervalle, et celui qui par l’acte de la circoncision, noue les trois registres du symbolique, de l’imaginaire et du réel et représente l’objet a en tant que reste ; ce qui a pour effet de diviser le champ de l’Autre. Et c’est cela qui lui attire cette haine éternelle. Il n’y a pas de haine sans le surmoi. Chez Freud la haine à l’égard de l’Autre se retourne sur soi. Chez Lacan, le surmoi est sacrifice aux Dieux obscurs qui conduit à l’anéantissement du prochain et de soi-même. Avec Lacan, nous voyons aussi que l’universel, le tout, produit la ségrégation qui est rejet de l’Autre. Il y a là une équivalence signifiante entre le Juif et la femme situés à la fois dans le tout et en dehors, donc pas tout dedans. Nous appréhendons, prenant appui sur le discours du maître forgé par Lacan, comment l’antisémitisme traverse le discours contemporain, comment il se glisse dans la langue. Nous laissons une voix logique, Jean-Claude Milner, une voix philosophique, Bernard-Henri Levy, une voix psychanalytique, Gérard Wajcman, déplier ce que signifie être Juif et démontrer comment l’être Juif est le symptôme du manque à être de celui qui hait
In this thesis, we aim to present antisemitism as a symptom that can be deciphered using the writings of Freud and Lacan. Its intention is not to apply psychoanalysis to antisemitism, but rather to identify what psychoanalysis has to learn from antisemitism. Two main questions serve to orient this discussion: Why did Jews become an object of a secular hatred? And what are the psychic mechanisms that are at the origin of this kind of hatred? In order to address these questions, it is essential initially to define the significance of being Jewish. According to Freud, the essence of the Jew is to concede nothing, and to compensate for what has been lost. It is this tenacity that provokes an eternal hatred. For Lacan, the Jew is the one who knows how ‘to read between the lines’, and also the one who, through the act of circumcision, represents the Objet a as a remnant (according to Lacan’s Register theory) and binds together the three registers: the symbolic, the imaginary, and the real. Thereby, the Jew produces a division in the field of the Other – and it is this that attracts eternal hatred. There is no hatred without the existence of a superego, and Freud demonstrates how hatred towards the Other redounds upon the self. Lacan, argues that the superego is a form of sacrifice to obscure Gods that results in annihilation of the Other and the self. Lacan also shows that the Universal, the all, causes segregation and rejection of the Other. There is a significant equivalence between Jews and women as they are at one and the same time part of the ‘all’ and outside it; they are therefore not all inside. In the present work, we try to grasp, by employing the Discourse of the Master as developed by Lacan, how antisemitism is assimilated into contemporary discourse and insinuates itself into language. We call upon the logical voice of Jean-Claude Milner, the philosophical voice of Bernard-Henri Levy and the psychoanalytical voice of Gérard Wajcman, to unfold the significance of being a Jew, and to demonstrate how the Jew is the symptom of a lack-of-being of the one who hates

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Koizimi, Sandra Maria Leandro. "Sistema integrado de análise e distribuição de resultados aplicados à bebida de açaí." Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2011. https://repositorio.ufscar.br/handle/ufscar/6989.

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Made available in DSpace on 2016-08-17T18:39:41Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 3919.pdf: 2238468 bytes, checksum: 2ca058d3ba7f9bc5cb97b74ad1ee84cd (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-08-05
The açaí palm (Euterpe oleracea Mart) is a tropical palm tree native to the Amazon. The main purpose of using the fruit is an açaí drink. It is estimated that the international açaí drink market grew 65% in the last three years, followed by the national market 55% and the metropolitan area of Belém 14% a year. The Brazil is the only exporter of this product, however açaí seeds are being planted in countries with similar climate. To raise the barrier to these new competitors is necessary to develop technological tools to guide the agricultural industry in the ongoing monitoring and quality improvement. The Near Infrared Spectroscopy (NIRS) has been established as an analytical technique using rapid response and therefore suitable for monitoring processes. Its spectrum can be related to physical variables and product quality. Among the variables used in the market are the dry matter content and anthocyanin content. This paper presents an indicator of competitive performance, constructed from regression models. It aims to establish a relationship between these variables and their NIR spectra, contrasting the conventional analytical methods currently used by agribusiness. This relationship is codified in a system using a free software platform, through the paradigm of object oriented programming.
O açaizeiro (Euterpe Oleracea Mart) é uma palmeira tropical, nativa da Amazônia. A principal aplicação do fruto do açaizeiro é a obtenção da bebida de açaí. Estima-se que o mercado internacional da bebida de açaí cresceu 65% a.a. nos últimos três anos, seguido do mercado nacional, 55% a.a., e da região metropolitana de Belém, 14% a.a.. O Brasil é o único exportador deste produto, contudo sementes de açaí estão sendo plantadas em países com clima semelhante. Para aumentar a competitividade nacional é necessário desenvolver ferramentas tecnológicas que orientem a agroindústria no monitoramento contínuo e na melhoria da qualidade. A Espectroscopia no Infravermelho Próximo (NIRS) tem se consagrado como uma técnica analítica de resposta rápida e, portanto adequada ao monitoramento de processos. O espectro pode, a princípio, ser relacionado a variáveis físicas e à qualidade do produto. Entre as variáveis utilizadas pelo mercado encontram-se o teor de matéria seca e o teor de antocianinas. Neste trabalho, apresenta-se um indicador de desempenho competitivo, construído a partir de modelos de regressão. Objetiva-se determinar uma relação entre estas variáveis e os respectivos espectros NIR, contrapondo os métodos analíticos convencionais utilizados pela agroindústria atualmente. Esta relação será codificada em um sistema utilizando uma plataforma de software livre, através do paradigma da orientação a objetos.

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Söderlund, Josefine, and Ida Törn. "Utvärdering av förvaltningsplaner ur ett tekniknära perspektiv : En fallstudie vid Trafikverket." Thesis, Högskolan Dalarna, Informatik, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:du-35327.

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På maintenance management modell (pm3) är den förvaltningsmodell Trafikverket adapterat till sin organisation med en indelning av verksamhetsnära och tekniknära förvaltning. Förvaltningsobjekt innehåller olika verksamhetsstöd och IT-system, dessa förvaltas genom styrdokument, så kallade förvaltningsplaner. Studien fokuserar på förvaltningsplaners användbarhet för den tekniknära förvaltningen ur ett tekniknära perspektiv. Avdelningen Informations- och Kommunikationsteknik Anläggningsinformation IT (IKTa) hade behov av att undersöka förvaltningsplanernas användbarhet och om de gav stöd åt den tekniknära förvaltningen. För att undersöka detta framtogs en frågeställning innehållande tre frågor: 1. Hur ser framtagningsprocessen för en förvaltningsplan på IKTa Trafikverket ut i dagsläget enligt den tekniknära förvaltningen; 2. Är förvaltningsplanerna användbara för förvaltningsobjekten ur ett tekniknära perspektiv; och 3. Hur säkerställs det att en förvaltningsplan är ett stöd för arbetet, och ett underlag för att främja objektivitet vid måluppfyllnad inom den tekniknära förvaltningen? Studien har bedrivits som en beskrivande fallstudie med en kvalitativ datainsamlingsmetod bestående av dokumentstudier och intervjuer. Intervjuer genomfördes med fyra Tekniknära förvaltningsansvariga och sex Tekniknära förvaltningsledare, samtliga utgör förvaltningsledningen inom den tekniknära verksamheten. Resultatet påvisar att förvaltningsobjekten är för stora och att det finns behov av delförvaltningsplaner för att öka detaljeringsnivån. Förvaltningsplansmallen behöver inte ändra rubrikstruktur, men en tydligare innehållsspecifikation för respektive rubrik är nödvändig. Det framkommer att förvaltningsplanerna i dagsläget inte används som de levande dokument de bör vara. Slutsatserna dragna är att Trafikverket behöver omformulera de mål som står i förvaltningsplanerna så de håller en högre objektivitet och mätbarhet än i dagsläget. Delförvaltningsplanerna är ofrånkomliga då de är dokumenten som håller den högre detaljeringsnivån som är uppföljningsbar.
The Swedish Transport Administration has done an adaptation of the På maintenance management model (pm3) where management has been divided into business management and technical management. A management-object includes both the business and the ITsystems. Moreover, the management-organization writes management-plans which are governing-documents for deliveries within the Swedish Transport Administration. This study focuses on the technical management perspective and the technical side of the management-plans. There was a need to study the management-plans’ usability at the Department of Information and Communication Technology – Infrastructure Information. As such, the following research questions were formulated: 1. What is the process of making management-plans in Infrastructure Information at the Swedish Transport Administration today, according to the technical management; 2. Are the management-plans useful for the management-object in the perspective of technical management; 3. How is it ensured that the management-plan is used to support the work, and a basis for objectivity when fulfilling goals within the technical management? This study was conducted in the form of a descriptive case study in which qualitative data was collected by means of interviews and document studies. The interviews included four managers and six leaders of technical management, who represent the administrative management within the technical management. The results show that the management-objects are too big, and that there is a need for sub-management-plans to acquire more details. The respondents of this study wish the management-plan was a more vivid document. The main conclusions drawn from this study are that the management-plans are useful as a follow up for activities but not for following up on goals. And that while the management-plans provide an overview of the management object, the sub-management-plans are needed to specify details

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Mach, Stanislav. "Vliv provedení zateplení objektu penzionu na výdaje spojené s provozem této nemovitosti." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Ústav soudního inženýrství, 2015. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-233082.

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The thesis solves the construction of the pension and deals with the assessment of the impact of the thermal insulation on expenses related to the operation of the property. The pension is situated on the street Valtická in Mikulov. The building has one floor and is founded on strip foundations. Roofing of the house is solved with irregular gable roof. In the first part of the thesis is a theoretical introduction mentions the possibility of building insulation and insulation methods. In the practical part of the thesis is an assessment of the heat transfer coefficient of the pension and costs associated with heating. There is also a proposal for modifications of the envelope construction with assessment of the heat factor and there are also proposed modifications to reduce the costs of operating the property.

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Superina, Giulia. "Observation de noyaxu actifs de galaxies de type "blazar" avec les téléscopes H. E. S. S. : caractérisation de la variabilité au TeV du blazar PKS 2155-304." Palaiseau, Ecole polytechnique, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008EPXX0068.

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Flutter, Chlöe. "A regional perspective on the French 35 hour week policy : tracing policy-making and implementation from nord-Pas-de-Calais to Paris." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2003. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:1f981bd7-5f74-487c-be60-e8c481dcae4b.

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In 1998, the French Socialist Government reduced the statutory workweek to 35 hours. This work time reduction policy was implemented in response to the country's chronic unemployment problem, which had seen unemployment average over 10% during the previous decade. The 35 hour week sought to reduce unemployment by spreading the existing stock of jobs more widely and by stimulating job creation. This policy choice was received with considerable scepticism from commentators outside of France. Critics argued that the 35 hour week diverged too greatly from the international orthodoxy of a flexible and deregulated labour market and, given the convergence pressures caused by contemporary globalisation, would reduce French competitiveness. The implication was that governments no longer had the freedom to implement employment policy that diverged from the international norm. In this thesis, I reconsider this argument. I undertake a political economy analysis of the use of work time reduction policy in France from the perspective of the regional labour market of Nord-Pas-de-Calais. In doing so, I focus on the implementation of the 35 hour week policy in this high unemployment region. In addition, I focus on the regional work time reduction policy implemented in Nord-Pas-de-Calais, which predated the national 35 hour week policy and was the source of several of its key features. Thus, I provide a regional perspective on the French 35 hour week policy, an alternative to the 'top down' perspective taken by its critics. Throughout this research, I concentrate on three key issues: (1) the logic of work time reduction policy within the local labour market in France, using Nord-Pas-de-Calais as my case study; (2) the method of policy-making and the importance of geographic scale; and (3) the viability of France's work time reduction policy in the face of globalisation. My aim is to understand the policy process that led to this policy choice, to appreciate how traditions of economic governance influenced its formation and implementation in the local labour market, and to study how these traditions influenced the ability of work time reduction policy to reduce unemployment. I show, first, that French traditions of labour market governance, on which work time reduction policy is based, continue to have meaning in the local labour market, with the public continuing to demand policy consistent with its ideals. Second, I show that scale contributes to policy outcomes and policy innovation, suggesting the importance of geographic factors in the policy, process, such as the spatial match between the policy and policy problem, the transfer of policy between scales, and issues such as proximity and homogeneity. Third, I show that the success of work time reduction policy is largely dependent upon socially determined factors including effective negotiation, preferences between work and leisure, and empathy for the unemployed. Fourth, I show that the 35 hour week policy was not incompatible with international demands for labour market flexibility because it provided significant scope for productivity gains via its design and increased flexibility in the use of work time, albeit within constraints. Therefore, by examining the making and implementation of work time reduction policy in France from a regional perspective, I show that while globalisation places genuine exogenous constraints on the policy choices of government, there nonetheless remains considerable scope within these constraints, especially when implementing policy that is compatible with traditions of governance that continue to resonate in the local labour market.

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Hussain, Sibt Ul. "Apprentissage machine pour la détection des objets." Phd thesis, Université de Grenoble, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00722632.

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Le but de cette thèse est de développer des méthodes pratiques plus performantes pour la détection d'instances de classes d'objets de la vie quotidienne dans les images. Nous présentons une famille de détecteurs qui incorporent trois types d'indices visuelles performantes - histogrammes de gradients orientés (Histograms of Oriented Gradients, HOG), motifs locaux binaires (Local Binary Patterns, LBP) et motifs locaux ternaires (Local Ternary Patterns, LTP) - dans des méthodes de discrimination efficaces de type machine à vecteur de support latent (Latent SVM), sous deux régimes de réduction de dimension - moindres carrées partielles (Partial Least Squares, PLS) et sélection de variables par élagage de poids SVM (SVM Weight Truncation). Sur plusieurs jeux de données importantes, notamment ceux du PASCAL VOC2006 et VOC2007, INRIA Person et ETH Zurich, nous démontrons que nos méthodes améliorent l'état de l'art du domaine. Nos contributions principales sont : Nous étudions l'indice visuelle LTP pour la détection d'objets. Nous démontrons que sa performance est globalement mieux que celle des indices bien établies HOG et LBP parce qu'elle permet d'encoder à la fois la texture locale de l'objet et sa forme globale, tout en étant résistante aux variations d'éclairage. Grâce à ces atouts, LTP fonctionne aussi bien pour les classes qui sont caractérisées principalement par leurs structures que pour celles qui sont caractérisées par leurs textures. En plus, nous démontrons que les indices HOG, LBP et LTP sont bien complémentaires, de sorte qu'un jeux d'indices étendu qui intègre tous les trois améliore encore la performance. Les jeux d'indices visuelles performantes étant de dimension assez élevée, nous proposons deux méthodes de réduction de dimension afin d'améliorer leur vitesse et réduire leur utilisation de mémoire. La première, basée sur la projection moindres carrés partielles, diminue significativement le temps de formation des détecteurs linéaires, sans réduction de précision ni perte de vitesse d'exécution. La seconde, fondée sur la sélection de variables par l'élagage des poids du SVM, nous permet de réduire le nombre d'indices actives par un ordre de grandeur avec une réduction minime, voire même une petite augmentation, de la précision du détecteur. Malgré sa simplicité, cette méthode de sélection de variables surpasse toutes les autres approches que nous avons mis à l'essai.

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Raberi, Araz. "Genetic contributory factors to infertility." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2017. https://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:4363762b-6c0b-465c-925a-ecc86e772220.

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Introduction: In recent years, the average age of first reproduction has risen significantly, the mean now standing at around 30 years in many countries. The adverse effects of maternal age on fertility and reproduction have been well documented. However, the influence of paternal age on fertility, reproduction and postnatal health is relatively poorly understood, and 50% of all male infertility cases are classed as idiopathic or unexplained infertility. Methods: The aim of this study was to investigate factors that contribute to male infertility, split into two main parts. The first part focused on analysing data collected from patients who had undergone fertility treatment to assess the influence of different factors on infertility, especially at the genome level. The second part attempted to deal with some of the technical challenges of screening and diagnostic methods to study the genome, with the aim of providing tools that would assist future studies in pinpointing genetic factors responsible for infertility, especially in cases of idiopathic infertility. Results: Based on data from the first part of the study, it was determined that advanced paternal age can affect sperm progressive motility, sperm DNA integrity and the fertilisation rate of in vitro fertilisation (IVF) cycles, as well as the development of embryos. Direct analysis of sperm DNA fragmentation (SDF) and degradation levels revealed an association between elevated SDF and impaired embryo development. Furthermore, a correlation was shown between chromosome aneuploidy and variance in SDF and sperm DNA degradation. Moreover, aneuploidy can influence abnormal sperm morphology and consequently also progressive motility. Also, embryo development rate of IVF cycles on day three, demonstrated a significant decline in cycles where the sperm used for fertilisation had a high aneuploidy rate, which can highlight the reduced developmental capacity of aneuploid embryos. From the lifestyle factors assessed, only alcohol consumption significantly correlated with the sperm DNA damage. Therefore, poor semen quality may highlight damage that has been incurred by the sperm DNA. When the semen quality is suboptimal, the intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) technique is suggested as a standard strategy to improve the prognosis of ART. However, when the progressive motility is poor, the ICSI approach is not as effective. Based on our findings and in line with other studies, the only sperm parameter that can be affected by paternal age is sperm motility, which could be an indicator of SDF. Therefore, the decline in ICSI fertilisation rate in patients with impaired sperm progressive motility could be due to sperm DNA damage, and even ICSI cannot improve the fertilisation rate considerably. Discussion: The aim of the second part of this project was to establish a robust workflow for whole- genome amplification (WGA) and whole-genome sequencing of single cells to improve the coverage rate and fidelity, with the aim of providing means of detecting any mutation in the genome that might be responsible for reduced embryonic developmental competence. Towards this end, the efficiencies of two different WGA protocols (REPLI-g and TruePrime) were compared. Multiple technical factors required optimisation in order to create a suitable protocol. Our results demonstrated the overall superiority of REPLI-g compared to TruePrime in almost all the assessed parameters. The amplification rate of REPLI-g was much faster than that of TruePrime, and prolonged incubation led to overamplification and an increased duplication rate. However, the TruePrime method has a slower amplification rate and therefore, by increasing the incubation time, it was possible to improve the quality of the data. The modified protocol with reduced volume also had the most promising outcome in terms of the data produced, and could fulfil our expectations by being fast, cost-effective and efficient. Conclusion: In conclusion, the results from the first part of this study confirmed the negative impact of male age on assisted reproductive treatments, which can result in decreased success rates of fertilisation. Other factors such as sperm DNA damage may also contribute to this age effect, suggesting that assessing this parameter prior to fertility treatment, and attempting to mitigate elevated levels of sperm DNA damage, may be of value to older patients. Additionally, overcoming the technical challenges in studying genetic contributory factors in infertility is a promising step toward better understanding of the mutations and variations that are involved in this phenomenon.

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Moeuf, Alexandre. "Identification des risques, opportunités et facteurs critiques de succès de l’industrie 4.0 pour la performance industrielle des PME." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018SACLC025/document.

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Acteurs majeurs de l’industrie, les PME (Petites et Moyennes Entreprises) doivent répondre à des exigences toujours plus complexes de leurs clients. L’une des solutions est l’amélioration du pilotage des processus industriels qui comprend la planification et l’exploitation des ressources, le contrôle de la production, la mesure et l’évaluation de la performance. Récemment est né le concept d’industrie 4.0 qui vise au pilotage de la chaîne logistique par la synchronisation en temps réel des flux pour tendre à la fabrication unitaire et personnalisée. Ce concept se base sur l’émergence de nouvelles technologies telles que l’internet des objets et le cloud computing. Notre objectif est d’identifier les risques, les opportunités et les facteurs critiques de succès de l’industrie 4.0 concernant la performance industrielle des PME. Nos premiers travaux montrent que les PME présentent des caractéristiques managériales propres qui peuvent venir à l’encontre des prérequis nécessaires à l’exploitation de l’industrie 4.0. Notre revue de la littérature montre d’une part des disparités dans les cas d’application de l’industrie 4.0 dans les PME, et d’autre part que ces cas sont peu documentés. La difficulté inhérente à l’identification de cas concrets ne nous a pas permis d’organiser une étude statistique de l’application de l’industrie 4.0. Afin de répondre à nos objectifs, nous avons ainsi organisé une étude prospective par consultation d’experts. Cette étude a montré que le manque d’expertise et la stratégie à courte vue sont les risques les plus importants de l’industrie 4.0 dans les PME. L’étude montre également que la formation est le facteur de réussite le plus important, que le dirigeant joue un rôle prépondérant dans la réussite et/ou l’échec d’un projet industrie 4.0 et qu’il est conseillé de se faire accompagner par des experts pour tout projet d’industrie 4.0. Enfin, l’industrie 4.0 est une opportunité exceptionnelle de repenser les processus de production, mais également de proposer de nouveaux modèles d’affaires pour les PME. Les PME présentent des atouts majeurs face à cette révolution industrielle et elles doivent en tirer profit pour ne pas perdre leur avantage concurrentiel vis-à-vis des grandes entreprises
The SMEs, predominant actors of the industry, have to reach customer expectations that are more and more complex. One of the solutions is to improve the management of the industrial processes which includes production planning and control, performance measurement and evaluation. Lately the concept of industry 4.0 has emerged. This new approach allows the control of production processes by providing real time synchronization of flows and by enabling the production of unitary and customized products. This concept is based on emerging new technologies such as cloud computing and Internet of Things. Our research goal is to identify the industry 4.0 risks, opportunities and critical success factors regarding SMEs industrial performances. Our first work shows that the SMEs have their own specific managerial features that may undermine the adoption of the industry 4.0 concept. Our review of the scientific literature also shows that there are disparities between industry 4.0 business cases in SMEs. These business cases are also poorly documented a provide only few insights for SMEs managers. The inherent difficulty to identify detailed examples prevented us from conducting a statistical study of the industry 4.0 cases within SMEs. In order to reach our research goal, we conducted a prospective study by consulting experts. Our study shows that the major risks facing the adoption of the industry 4.0 concept in SMEs is the lack of expertise and the short-term strategy mindset. The study also shows that training is the most important success factor, that managers have a prominent role in the success and/or the failure of an industry 4.0 project, and that SMEs should be supported by external experts. Lastly, industry 4.0 offers a unique opportunity to redesign SMEs production processes and to adopt new business models. SMEs have decisive advantages toward this industrial revolution that they must use in order to keep their competitive advantages against large company

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Leroy, Nicolas. "Observations, aves les téléscopes H. E. S. S. , du rayonnement gamma émis par le Noyau Actif de Galaxie PKS 2155-304, au-delà de 100 GeV." Palaiseau, Ecole polytechnique, 2004. https://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00117166.

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Mach, Stanislav. "Penzion." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta stavební, 2015. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-227548.

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This thesis solves the construction of a pension that is situated on the street Vídeňská in Mikulov. It is 3-storey building and it is based on strip foundations. The roofing of the pension is solved with hipped mansard roof. The building plot is on the mildly sloping terrain, situated towards the south. Technical design solves the object, which is suitable for short accommodation in form of the pension with full board. The purpose of the use of the building is providing accommodation and restaurant services.

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Cheng, Cheng. "Semiconductor colloidal quantum dots for photovoltaic applications." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2014. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:07baccd0-2098-4306-8a9a-49160ec6a15a.

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This thesis studies lead suphide (PbS) colloidal quantum dots and their photovoltaic applications. Different sizes of PbS QDs were synthesised and characterised using absorption spectroscopy and transmission electron microscopes. PbS QD Schottky junction devices were fabricated with AM1.5 power conversion efficiency up to 1.8 %. The Schottky junction geometry limits the device performance. A semiconductor heterojunction using ZnO as an electron acceptor was built and the device efficiency increased to 3%. By studying the light absorption and charge extraction profile of the bilayer device, the absorber layer has a charge extraction dead zone which is beyond the reach of the built-in electric field. Therefore, strategies to create a QD bulk heterojunction were considered to address this issue by distributing the junction interface throughout the absorber layer. However, the charge separation mechanism of the QD heterojunction is not clearly understood: whether it operates as an excitonic or a depleted p-n junction, as the junction operating mechanism determines the scale of phase separation in the bulk morphology. This study shows a transitional behaviour of the PbS/ZnO heterojunction from excitonic to depletion by increasing the doping density of ZnO. To utilise the excitonic mechanism, a PbS/ZnO nanocrystal bulk heterojunction was created by blending the two nanocrystals in solution such that a large interface between the two materials could facilitate fast exciton dissociation. However, the devices show poor performance due to a coarse morphology and formation of germinate pairs. To create a bulk heterojunction where a built-in electric field could assist the charge separation, a TiO₂ porous structure with the pore size matching with the depletion width was fabricated and successfully in-filled by PbS QDs. The porous device produces 5.7% power conversion efficiency, among one of the highest in literature. The enhancement comes from increased light absorption and suppression of charge recombination.

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Tzschichholz, Tristan Verfasser], Klaus [Gutachter] [Schilling, and Hubert [Gutachter] Roth. "Relative pose estimation of known rigid objects using a novel approach to high-level PMD-/CCD- sensor data fusion with regard to applications in space / Tristan Tzschichholz. Gutachter: Klaus Schilling ; Hubert Roth." Würzburg : Universität Würzburg, 2014. http://d-nb.info/1109750110/34.

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Tzschichholz, Tristan [Verfasser], Klaus [Gutachter] Schilling, and Hubert [Gutachter] Roth. "Relative pose estimation of known rigid objects using a novel approach to high-level PMD-/CCD- sensor data fusion with regard to applications in space / Tristan Tzschichholz. Gutachter: Klaus Schilling ; Hubert Roth." Würzburg : Universität Würzburg, 2014. http://d-nb.info/1109750110/34.

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Bassoi, Tânia Stella. "Uma professora, seus alunos e as representações do objeto matemático funções em aulas do ensino fundamental /." oai:ufpr.br:225240, 2006. http://200.17.209.5:8000/cgi-bin/gw_42_13/chameleon.42.13a?host=localhost%201111%20DEFAULT&sessionid=VTLS&function=CARDSCR&search=KEYWORD&pos=1&u1=12101&t1=225240.

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Orientadora: Maria Tereza Carneiro Soares
Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Federal do Paraná, Setor de Educação, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Educação. Defesa: Curitiba, 2006
Inclui bibliografia
Área de concentração: Educação, cultura e tecnologia

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Chevalier, Jill. "Étude de population des noyaux actifs de galaxie au TeV avec les télescopes H.E.S.S. et étude de variabilité du blazar PKS 2155-304 avec modélisation SSC." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017GREAY111.

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Les noyaux actifs de galaxie (AGN pour Active Galactic Nuclei en anglais) ont été découverts il y a maintenant plus de 50 ans mais restent entourés de mystère. Bien que nous soyons sûrs qu’ils tirent leur énergie d’un trou noir supermassif entouré d’un disque d’accrétion et qu’ils disposent parfois d’un jet relativiste, les liens entre le trou noir, le disk et le jet, de même que les mécanismes d’accélération et d’émission, restent flous. Les modèles leptoniques et hadroniques arrivent tout deux à expliquer la distribution spectrale en énergie (SED pour Spectral Energy Distribution en anglais) des blazars à haute énergie (dans le domaine du GeV-TeV), donnant une dégénérescence. Cependant, les blazars sont connus pour leur variabilité, parfois extrême, dans toutes les longueurs d’onde. Cette variabilité peut nous aider à remonter aux mécanismes en jeu dans le noyau et dans le jet, donnant un outil pour discriminer entre différents processus.L’astronomie gamma est née dans les années 60 pour explorer notre univers aux hautes énergies et trouver l’origine du rayonnement cosmique. Plusieurs sources gamma ont été découvertes depuis et les AGN ont été classifiés comme les objets les plus extrêmes.L’avènement de la troisième génération de télescopes à imagerie Cherenkov, dont les télescopes H.E.S.S. font partie, a permis de recueillir plus de données à très haute énergie (E > 100 GeV) pour mieux comprendre les AGN. Les télescopes spatiaux comme le Fermi-LAT, qui détecte les gamma dans la gamme du MeV-GeV, permettent de couvrir le reste de la gamme haute énergie de l’émission des blazars. Les données à haute énergie sont particulièrement importantes car c’est dans cette gamme que la dégénérescence entre les modèles apparaît et nous avons besoin de données pour construire des courbes de lumière sur le long terme.Cette thèse présente différents projets sur lesquels j’ai travaillé durant ces trois ans. Chacun d’eux a pour but final une meilleure compréhension des blazars. Pour cela, j’ai eu deux approches différentes. Une première approche a été de faire des études de population au TeV avec les télescopes H.E.S.S., soit en regardant tous le ciel observé par H.E.S.S. avec le projet HEGS ou en essayant de détecter de nouveaux objets rare à ces énergies pour sonder ce qu’on appelle la séquence blazar. La seconde approche a consisté en une étude de variabilité approfondie d’un blazar particulier. L’étude multi-longueur d’onde de la variabilité long terme du blazar PKS 2155-304 a révélé un comportement intéressant, permettant de sonder les mécanismes d’émission jusqu’à ceux d’accrétion. Les méthodes d’analyse temporelle développées pour cette étude peuvent être utilisées de manière plus systématique pour étudier les blazars dans une perspective de variabilité plutôt que seulement sur leur SED
Active Galactic Nuclei (AGN) have been discovered more than 50 years ago and yet they remain mysterious. Although we are sure they are powered by a supermassive black hole fed by an accretion disk and that they sometimes display a relativistic jet, the links between the black hole, the disk and the jet along with the acceleration and emission mechanisms are still unclear. Leptonic and hadronic models managing both in explaining the spectral energy distribution (SED) of blazars at high energy (in the GeV-TeV range), there is a degeneracy. However, blazars are known to be highly variable in all wavelengths. This variability can trace the mechanisms at play in the central engine and in the jet, giving a tool to discriminated between different processes.Gamma-ray astronomy started in the 60s to probe the high energy universe and find the origin of the cosmic-ray radiation. Several high energy sources were discovered and AGN were classified as the most energetic ones.The advent of the third generation of Imaging Atmospheric Cherenkov Telescopes (IACT), including the H.E.S.S. experiment, help gathering more data at very high energy (VHE) in order to understand better these objects. Space-based telescope like the Fermi-LAT, looking at gamma-rays in the GeV range, are used as well to cover all the high energy range of the emission. High energy data are of great importance because this is where the degeneracy between models appears and data are needed to build long term light curves.This thesis presents different projects I worked on during these three years. Each of them aims to have a better understanding of the blazars. For this I used two different approaches. The first one was doing population studies at TeV with the H.E.S.S. telescopes, either by looking at all the TeV sky observed by H.E.S.S. with the HEGS project or by trying to detect new objects, rare at TeV, to probe what we call the blazar sequence. The second approach was the detailed variability analysis of one particular blazar. The long term multi-wavelength variability study of the blazar PKS 2155-304 revealed an interesting behaviour, allowing to probe up to the accretion mechanism. The time series analysis methods developed for this study can be used in a more systematic way for population studies with a variability perspective rather than the SED one

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Marciniuk, Ruth Mara Buffa. "O processo da transferęncia na aquisiçăo de língua estrangeira a partir do estudo da posiçăo de objeto /." oai:ufpr.br:199869, 2004. http://200.17.209.5:8000/cgi-bin/gw_42_13/chameleon.42.13a?host=localhost%201111%20DEFAULT&sessionid=VTLS&function=CARDSCR&search=KEYWORD&pos=1&u1=12101&t1=199869.

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Orientadora: Maria José Foltran
Co-orientador: José Erasmo Gruginski
Dissertaçăo (mestrado) - Universidade Federal do Paraná, Setor de Cięncias Humanas, Letras e Artes, Programa de Pós-Graduaçăo em Letras. Defesa: Curitiba, 2004
Inclui bibliografia e anexos
Área de concentraçăo: Estudos lingüísticos

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Soukupová, Ivona. "Penzion s vinným sklepem." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta stavební, 2016. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-240356.

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The content of the master thesis is processing of design documentation for the newly-built detached building of guest house with wine cellar. The cappacity of guest's accommodation is 24 people. The house is placed on a sloping plot in the village of Žeravice (696 47). It is a two-floor building with partial basement. In the basement there are technical facilities, storage spaces and wine cellar. The structure is based on concrete strip foundations. Loadbearing masonry is from clay blocks. floor structure is from filigran panel, the roof is sadddle with a slope of 25°.

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Weber, Bruno. "Optimisation de code Galerkin discontinu sur ordinateur hybride : application à la simulation numérique en électromagnétisme." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018STRAD046/document.

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Nous présentons dans cette thèse les évolutions apportées au solveur Galerkin Discontinu Teta-CLAC, issu de la collaboration IRMA-AxesSim, au cours du projet HOROCH (2015-2018). Ce solveur permet de résoudre les équations de Maxwell en 3D, en parallèle sur un grand nombre d'accélérateurs OpenCL. L'objectif du projet HOROCH était d'effectuer des simulations de grande envergure sur un modèle numérique complet de corps humain. Ce modèle comporte 24 millions de mailles hexaédriques pour des calculs dans la bande de fréquences des objets connectés allant de 1 à 3 GHz (Bluetooth). Les applications sont nombreuses : téléphonie et accessoires, sport (maillots connectés), médecine (sondes : gélules, patchs), etc. Les évolutions ainsi apportées comprennent, entre autres : l'optimisation des kernels OpenCL à destination des CPU dans le but d'utiliser au mieux les architectures hybrides ; l'expérimentation du runtime StarPU ; le design d'un schéma d'intégration à pas de temps local ; et bon nombre d'optimisations permettant au solveur de traiter des simulations de plusieurs millions de mailles
In this thesis, we present the evolutions made to the Discontinuous Galerkin solver Teta-CLAC – resulting from the IRMA-AxesSim collaboration – during the HOROCH project (2015-2018). This solver allows to solve the Maxwell equations in 3D and in parallel on a large amount of OpenCL accelerators. The goal of the HOROCH project was to perform large-scale simulations on a complete digital human body model. This model is composed of 24 million hexahedral cells in order to perform calculations in the frequency band of connected objects going from 1 to 3 GHz (Bluetooth). The applications are numerous: telephony and accessories, sport (connected shirts), medicine (probes: capsules, patches), etc. The changes thus made include, among others: optimization of OpenCL kernels for CPUs in order to make the best use of hybrid architectures; StarPU runtime experimentation; the design of an integration scheme using local time steps; and many optimizations allowing the solver to process simulations of several millions of cells

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Gavryliuk, Olga. "Nástroj pro správu dokumentů v managementu projektů." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta informačních technologií, 2019. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-403822.

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This work deals with electronic document management systems (EDMS) from the perspective of selected knowledge areas of project management processes. The aim of this thesis was to create an EDM system based on an appropriately selected EDM model, which would assist in the management of documents that arise during management processes in selected areas of project management (quality, human resources and communication within the project) with the possibility of extending to other knowledge areas.

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Yu, Chih-yung, and 尤芷鏞. "Museums, rituals and objects : the Kilakil of Pas-ta’ay." Thesis, 2012. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/7cjgpm.

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Carvalheiro, Jonathan Mendes. "Desenvolvimento de um sistema visual e táctil para a caracterização da elasticidade dos materiais." Master's thesis, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10316/40449.

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Dissertação de Mestrado Integrado em Engenharia Electrotécnica e de Computadores apresentada à Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia da Universidade de Coimbra
O sentido do tato está a tornar-se cada vez mais relevante principalmente nos campos da robótica, visão por computador, automação industrial e medicina. Este sentido tem um enorme potencial e inúmeras aplicações que permitem uma maior interação entre a máquina e o mundo exterior. No entanto tem sido pouco estudado em comparação com algum dos sentidos tradicionais, mas tem ganho cada vez mais importância devido à sua aplicabilidade às tecnologias existentes. Esta dissertação contribuiu para uma avaliação de materiais quanto às suas propriedades elásticas, com recurso a dispositivos menos dispendiosos e de fácil adaptação a sistemas já existentes, além de ter uma enorme abertura para trabalhos futuros. A estratégia adotada baseou-se na sincronização entre uma câmara de tempo de voo (ToF) e um sensor barométrico para assim conseguir realizar uma análise e classificação da deformação de objetos no mundo. Com isto, fomos capazes de provar que é possível, com estes dois dispositivos, fazer uma caracterização do material ao nível da sua deformidade a baixo custo.
The sense of touch is becoming increasingly important especially in robotics, computer vision, industrial automation and medical fields. This sense has enormous potential and various applications that allow greater interaction between the machine and the outside world. However, it has been less studied compared to other traditional senses and has gained increasing importance due to its applicability to existing technologies. This dissertation has contributed to the evaluation of materials, in terms of their elastic properties, using less expensive devices and easy adaptation to existing systems, besides having a huge opening for future work. The strategy adopted was based on synchronization between camera flight time (ToF) and a barometric sensor to thereby accomplish an analysis and classification of the deformation objects in the world. With this, we were able to prove that it is possible, with these two devices, to make a characterization of the material in terms of its deformity at low cost.

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Tzschichholz, Tristan. "Relative pose estimation of known rigid objects using a novel approach to high-level PMD-/CCD- sensor data fusion with regard to applications in space." Doctoral thesis, 2014. https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-103918.

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In this work, a novel method for estimating the relative pose of a known object is presented, which relies on an application-specific data fusion process. A PMD-sensor in conjunction with a CCD-sensor is used to perform the pose estimation. Furthermore, the work provides a method for extending the measurement range of the PMD sensor along with the necessary calibration methodology. Finally, extensive measurements on a very accurate Rendezvous and Docking testbed are made to evaluate the performance, what includes a detailed discussion of lighting conditions
In der Arbeit wird eine neuartige Methode zur Bestimmung der relativen Lage eines bekannten Objektes vorgestellt, welche auf einem anwendungsspezifischen Datenfusionsprozess basiert. Dabei wird ein PMD-Sensor zusammen mit einem CCD-Sensor benutzt, um die Lagebestimmung vorzunehmen. Darüber hinaus liefert die Arbeit eine Methode, den Messbereich des PMD-Sensors zu erhöhen zusammen mit der notwendigen Kalibrierungsmethoden. Schließlich werden detailierte und weitreichende Messungen aus einer sehr genauen Rendezvous und Docking-Testanlage gemacht, um die Leistungsfähigkeit des Algorithmus zu demonstrieren, was auch eine detaillierte Behandung der Beleuchtungsbedingungen einschließt

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Köhler, Michael [Verfasser]. "Rapid (Mobile) E-Learning-Content-Development : Konzeption und Entwicklung des Rapid-E-Learning-Content-Development-Tools "FLOG" (Flash Learning Objects Generator) zur Erstellung und Verwaltung von wiederverwendbaren Lernobjekten für mobile Endgeräte und PCs / vorgelegt von Michael Köhler." 2009. http://d-nb.info/1007834706/34.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'PMS Objekt'

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