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Journal articles on the topic 'PNF stretching exercises'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 5 June 2025

Last updated: 16 July 2025

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1

Hidayatullah, Muhammad A'raaf, Muchsin Doewes, and Sapta Kunta Purnama. "The effect of stretching exercises on flexibility for students." Jurnal SPORTIF : Jurnal Penelitian Pembelajaran 8, no. 1 (2022): 118–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.29407/js_unpgri.v8i1.17742.

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Flexibility is an important basic component in sports activities, which supports the achievement of the maximum performance of an athlete. Exercises are needed for stretching proper this study aimed to determine: (1) the effect of passive static stretching on shoulder flexibility, (2) the effect of Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation (PNF) stretching on shoulder flexibility (3) determine which exercise is better on shoulder flexibility between stretching and PNF. the method used is experimental with pretest and post-test design. The research sample was 16 students of the Sport Coaching E

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Samodra, Y. Touvan Juni, Isti Dwi Puspita Wati, Maharani Fatima Gandasari, Ghana Firsta Yosika, Putra Sastaman B, and Davi Sofyan. "JOGGING AND PNF STRETCHING AGAINST CHANGES IN FLEXIBILITY." Journal Physical Education, Health and Recreation 7, no. 2 (2023): 107. http://dx.doi.org/10.24114/pjkr.v7i2.43321.

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The problem in this study was to test and find out flexibility in students before and after carrying out the Dynamic stretching and PNF tests, so this study aimed to determine the effect of Dynamic stretching and PNF exercises on flexibility in students. This research was an experimental data analysis technique from Dynamic stretching exercises and PNF. The research instrument used the Sit and Reach tool. The samples in the study were from Tanjungpura University PKO students, class of 2022. The research instrument used was the Sit and Reached tool to find out flexibility which will be tested.

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Saleh, Alan Salah, and Zainab Abid Ali. "The Effect of Rotator Cuff Injury Rehabilitation Program according to Anthropometric Measurements in Volleyball Players from Sulaymaniyah Governorate." Journal of Physical Education 33, no. 4 (2021): 183–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.37359/jope.v33(4)2021.1224.

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The researchers aimed at designing a rehabilitation program using stretching exercises and proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation (PNF). The researchers used the experimental methods on (9) young volleyball players to conclude that stretching exercises have a good effect on PNF rehabilitation in rotator cuff injury according to the anthropometric measurement for volleyball players as well as stretching exercises that develop proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation (PNF) have a positive effect on rehabilitating rotator cuff injury in muscle, tendons according to anthropometric measurement.

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Yao, Li Qin. "Effect of Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation on Force-Time Curve and Electromyogram Parameters in Competitive Aerobics Athletes." Advanced Materials Research 108-111 (May 2010): 369–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.108-111.369.

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Objective: to investigate the effect of proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation stretching on force-time curve and EMG Parameters in competitive aerobics athletes. Methods: we take 36 competitive aerobics athletes as participants, and they were tested after bicycle exercise and bicycle exercise/PNF stretching protocol,then the data were compared and analyzed.Conclusion: PNF stretching for lower extremity will not cause the maximum muscular strength and force - time curve parameters (MVC,F100,IRF,and TMVC) significantly decreased in competitive aerobics athletes, however,EMG voltage of rectus

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Mani, Ece, Berkiye Kirmizigil, and Emine Handan Tüzün. "Effects of two different stretching techniques on proprioception and hamstring flexibility: a pilot study." Journal of Comparative Effectiveness Research 10, no. 13 (2021): 987–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.2217/cer-2021-0040.

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Aim: This study aimed to compare the immediate and long-term effect of proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation (PNF) contract–relax–antagonist–contract (CRAC) exercises versus static stretching on proprioception and flexibility in males with hamstring shortness. Patients & methods: Knee extension angle test was used to measure flexibility and isokinetic dynamometer to evaluate proprioception. Assessments were evaluated at baseline, after first exercise and eighth week. The hamstring stretching was applied 3 days a week for 8 weeks. Results: Flexibility and position sense were similar in

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Pawar, Vaibhavi, and Tejas Borkar. "Effect of Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation and Proprioceptive Exercises Along with Core Stability on Pain and Physical Function in Knee Osteoarthritis." International Journal of Science and Healthcare Research 10, no. 1 (2025): 184–89. https://doi.org/10.52403/ijshr.20250124.

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Background: Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most common joint disorder, predominantly affecting diarthrodial joints, with knee osteoarthritis (KOA) being the most studied and impactful. Aging, obesity, mechanical stress, and muscle weakness are key contributing factors. Traditional management strategies for KOA include pharmacological treatments, lifestyle modifications, and physiotherapy interventions. PNF stretching techniques, such as Contract-Relax and Hold-Relax, work by enhancing flexibility, muscle strength, and joint stability through a combination of passive and isometric contractions. Unl

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Sumantri, Riyan Jaya, Soegiyanto Soegiyanto, Rumini Rumini, Heny Setyawati, Didi Suryadi, and Mikkey Anggara Suganda. "PNF stretching and static stretching exercises: Efforts to increase the flexibility of the hamstring muscles in futsal players." Fizjoterapia Polska 23, no. 2 (2023): 96–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.56984/8zg0df55b.

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Study Purpose. Poor hamstring muscle flexibility is one of the most common risk factors for hamstring injuries. This is due to tension in the musculotendinus structures which reduces the ability of the muscles to extend rapidly without injury. Therefore, this study aims to prove the effect of using PNF stretching and Static stretching exercises on the level of flexibility of the hamstring muscles in athletes. Materials and Methods. Researchers used Quasi Experimental Design research procedures. This form of design is a development of true experimental design. After being divided into two, the

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Arul Pragassame S, Mohandas Kurup VK, and Soundarya N. "A comparative study on the effectiveness of PNF stretching versus static stretching on Pain and Hamstring flexibility in osteoarthritis knee patients." International Journal of Research in Pharmaceutical Sciences 10, no. 3 (2019): 1789–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.26452/ijrps.v10i3.1312.

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Osteoarthritis (OA) knee is a long-term chronic disease characterized by the destruction of articular cartilage and underlying bone. Pain, limitation of motion and functional impairment are common clinical features. Poor hamstring flexibility is a major problem for patients with OA knee. The stretching of the hamstring is a necessary intervention in the management of the OA knee. This study is therefore intended to compare the effectiveness of static stretching vs PNF stretching for pain, hamstring flexibility and functional mobility in OA Knee patients. 30 patients were randomly divided into

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Zutshi, Kalpana. "Effect of Dynamic Stretching versus Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation Stretching of Antagonist Muscle on Knee Extensor Torque and Dynamic Balance in Young Male Collegiate." Indian Journal of Youth & Adolescent Health 08, no. 03 (2021): 20–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.24321/2349.2880.202115.

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Introduction: Many athletes perform stretching exercises as part of a warm-up prior to physical activity in order to prevent injuries and enhance their performance by an increase in flexibility. The significance of this study was that it may provide information about the better stretching method between dynamic and PNF stretching immediately before the sports events which may help to enhance the strength of knee extensor, thereby helping in improving performance and injury prevention.Method: An experimental design was used in the study. 51 subjects were randomly divided and statistically analy

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Eken, Özgür, and Ramazan Bayer. "Acute effects of proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation stretching, massage and combine protocols on flexibility, vertical jump and hand grip strength performance in kickboxers." Pedagogy of Physical Culture and Sports 26, no. 1 (2021): 4–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.15561/26649837.2022.0101.

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Background and Study Aim. Strength, power and flexibility are among the features that provide advantage against the opponent in kick boxers. There are many factors that can affect the development of these parameters in a positive and negative way before the competition. These factors may differ according to the type and intensity of warm-up and stretching exercises, depending on psychological and physiological conditions. The aim of this study is to evaluate the effects of proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation (PNF) stretching, massage, PNF+massage on flexibility, vertical jump and hand gr

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Yuktasir, Bekir. "Warm-up: A case study on maximal oxygen consumption as it relates to acute stretching." Journal of Human Kinetics 19, no. 1 (2008): 165–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/v10078-008-0013-y.

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Warm-up: A case study on maximal oxygen consumption as it relates to acute stretchingThe aim of this study was to determine the acute effects of static and Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation (PNF) stretches on maximal oxygen consumption (VO2max). Ten physically active men (mean ± SD, 23.80 ± 1.54 years, 70.60 ± 9.70 kg, 1.74.60 ± 5.23 m), who were healthy students volunteered to take part in the study. The participants were subjected to Static and PNF stretching exercises. After the interventions, the Bruce treadmill protocol was applied to measure VO2max values. The expired gases were

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Chen, Che-Hsiu, Tsun-Shun Huang, Huei-Ming Chai, Mei-Hwa Jan, and Jiu-Jenq Lin. "Two Stretching Treatments for the Hamstrings: Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation Versus Kinesio Taping." Journal of Sport Rehabilitation 22, no. 1 (2013): 59–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/jsr.22.1.59.

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Context:Recent studies have shown that the static stretch (SS) may adversely affect leg-muscle performance.Objectives:The authors examined the short-term effects of 2 stretching exercises on hamstrings muscle before and after exercise.Design:Crossover.Setting:Laboratory.Participants:9 healthy, physically active men.Interventions:There were 3 protocols in a randomized order with a 7-d interval: nonstretching (CON protocol), hamstrings static stretching (SS) with proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation (PNF), and SS with kinesio-taping application on the hamstrings.Main Outcome Measures:Outcom

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Martino, Nieko Caesar Agung, Rwahita Satyawati, Dyah Intania Sari, Dewi Masrifah Ayub, and Diah Indriani. "Impact of incorporating proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation (PNF) stretching into standard stretching routines on the dynamic balance of athletes with cerebral palsy." Fizjoterapia Polska 25, no. 2 (2025): 164–71. https://doi.org/10.56984/8zg00e1hl1f.

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Introductions. This study aims to analyze the impact of adding proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation (PNF) stretching techniques to standard training on the dynamic balance of athletes with cerebral palsy. Methods. The subjects of this study were 24 male and female athletes diagnosed with cerebral palsy at the Indonesian National Paralympic Committee (NPC) training facility, aged 18–40 years. They were divided into a treatment group (n = 12), which performed standard stretching exercises along with PNF stretching, and a control group (n = 12), which performed only standard stretching exerc

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Saleh, Alan Salah, and Zainab Abid Ali. "The Effect of Rehabilitation Program for Rotator Cuff Injury According to Functional variables in Female Volleyball Players in Sulaymania Governorate." Journal of Physical Education 33, no. 4 (2021): 173–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.37359/jope.v33(4)2021.1223.

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The research aim at identifying the effect of rehabilitation program using stretching exercises (Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation) PNF in rotator cuff partial tear in female volleyball players according to functional variables. The researchers used the experimental method on (9) volleyball players with partial tear in the rotator cuff. They used the experimental method and the data was collected and treated using proper statistical operations to conclude significant differences between pre and posttests in heart pulse, blood pressure, and muscle mass percentage. Finally the researcher

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Wardhani, Desvita Savitri Kusuma, and Dwi Rosella Komalasari. "Efektivitas Pemberian Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation Stretching (PNF) Terhadap Pasien Osteoarthritis Lutut dengan Deformitas Genu Valgus." MAHESA : Malahayati Health Student Journal 4, no. 8 (2024): 3153–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.33024/mahesa.v4i8.14880.

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ABSTRACT Osteoarthritis is a degenerative joint disorder that can cause sensations of pain, stiffness, decreased body balance, and deformity that can interfere with daily activities. Apart from pharmacological therapy, Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation (PNF) stretching is a non-pharmacological therapy in the form of exercises that can help stimulate proprioception and activate muscles, so as to overcome complaints felt by osteoarthritis sufferers. This research was conducted using a combination of 3 PNF stretching techniques, namely hold relax, contract relax, and contract relax-agonis

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Hegishte, Atharva S., and Neeraj Kumar. "Effect of proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation and dynamic stretching on flexibility, agility, and balance in hamstring tightness among collegiate level badminton players." International Journal of Research in Medical Sciences 11, no. 5 (2023): 1758–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2320-6012.ijrms20231350.

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Background: The development of muscular damage is typically attributed to intrinsic factors, such as muscle tension. Additionally, it has been demonstrated that muscular stiffness is the primary cause of the risk of pathological disorders of the knee and spine. Hamstring tightness leads to high risk of recurrent injury, decreases the performance in athletes, lead to post-exercise soreness and decreases coordination among athletes. Objectives of current study were to find out the effects of PNF and dynamic stretching on flexibility, balance, and agility among collegiate level badminton players

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Senthilkumar, S., Shenbaga Sundaram Subramanian, Loganathan Thangavel, et al. "Effect of ultrasound therapy and proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation with ultrasound therapy and conventional mouth-opening exercise in oral submucous fibrosis patients." Fizjoterapia Polska 25, no. 2 (2025): 211–16. https://doi.org/10.56984/8zg00e163gk.

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Background. The habit of chewing tobacco leads to morbidities such as oral submucous fibrosis, trismus, and oral squamous cell carcinoma. When treated early, this premalignant condition can be effectively managed using hyaluronidase injections, ultrasound therapy, and mouth-opening exercises. This study aims to compare the effect of ultrasound therapy combined with proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation (PNF) and conventional mouth-opening exercises in patients with oral submucous fibrosis. Method. Workers diagnosed with grade II and III oral submucous fibrosis were selected for the study.

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M. Albar Abimayu, Rury Rizhardi, and Mutiara Fajar. "Pengaruh Teknik Peregangan PNF DYNAMIC STRECHING Dan DEPTH JUMP Dalam Meningkatkan Ketepatan SMASH Pada Siswa Ekstrakurikuler Bola Voli SMA Negeri 2 Palembang." Harmoni Pendidikan : Jurnal Ilmu Pendidikan 1, no. 3 (2024): 231–39. https://doi.org/10.62383/hardik.v1i3.461.

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This experimental method is used to reveal whether or not there is an influence of the variables that have been selected for research. The population in this research is extracurricular students at SMA Negeri 2 Palembang, totaling 20 students. The sampling technique in this research uses the Total Sampling technique, namely the total of the population. Based on the results of research carried out at SMA Negeri 2 Palembang using these two exercises, the results of the t-test for the depth jump exercise show the conclusion that P (T<=t) two tail is 0.00000182. That means the value is signific

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Kurak, Kemal, İsmail İlbak, Stefan Stojanović, et al. "The Effects of Different Stretching Techniques Used in Warm-Up on the Triggering of Post-Activation Performance Enhancement in Soccer Players." Applied Sciences 14, no. 11 (2024): 4347. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app14114347.

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The aim of this research was to investigate the effects of different stretching techniques used during warm-up exercises prior to post-activation performance enhancement (PAPE) on the explosive lower extremity strength performance of soccer players. This cross-sectional study involved the participation of 13 male soccer players with an average age of 22.38 ± 1.75, body height of 174.38 ± 3.94, and body mass of 72.30 ± 4.13. To determine the participants’ maximal strength performance, one repeated maximal strength (1-RM) squat exercise was applied. The PAPE protocol was then implemented with a

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Kaya, Fatih, Bilal Biçer, Bekir Yüktaşır, Mark E. T. Willems, and Nebil Yıldız. "The Effects of Two Different Stretching Programs on Balance Control and Motor Neuron Excitability." Journal of Education and Training Studies 6, no. 5 (2018): 85. http://dx.doi.org/10.11114/jets.v6i5.3033.

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We examined the effects of training (4d/wk for 6 wks) with static stretching (SS) or contract-relax proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation (PNF) on static balance time and motor neuron excitability. Static balance time, Hmax/Mmax ratios and H-reflex recovery curves (HRRC) were measured in 28 healthy subjects (SS: n=10, PNF: n=9, control: n=9) before and after training. SS improved static balance time with a trend observed for PNF. Post training, during 150-200-250 msec interstimulus intervals, we observed a reduction in facilitation, but during 500-700-900 msec interstimulus interval; there

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Khalid, Fatima, Umar Abdul Rehman Khalid, Laila Niaz Khan, et al. "Comparative effect of PNF VS early Dynamic stretching in pain, range of motion and functional status in shoulder joint." Pakistan Journal of Medical and Health Sciences 17, no. 4 (2023): 193–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.53350/pjmhs2023174193.

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Background: Burn of shoulder and axillary region are common affecting patient’s range of motion and his/her performance in his daily life. Because post burn if treatment is not given, contracture will ultimately form. Aim: To determine the comparative effectiveness of PNF (hold relax) VS early Dynamic stretching exercises for improving pain, range of motion and functional status in the shoulder joint and quality of functional recovery in burn patients. Methodology: A single blinded Randomized clinical trial was conducted at Mayo Hospital, Burn ward. Total 74 patients (Male and Female) were inc

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Ajjarapu, Suhas. "Abstract No: 421 Effectiveness of PNF Stretching Techniques on Functional Mobility in Conservatively Treated Radial Head Fractures: A Case Series." Journal of Society of Indian Physiotherapists 9, no. 1 (2025): 136–37. https://doi.org/10.4103/jsip.jsip_2025_vol_abstract_s92.

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Background: Radial head fractures are fairly common and constitute 20% of all traumatic elbow injuries. Purpose: To study the effectiveness of PNF techniques on stiffness and consequently, on the functional mobility of conservatively treated radial head fractures. Relevance: The radial head is a secondary stabilizer of the elbow joint. Stiffness is common in conservatively treated radial head fractures and PNF stretching can be effective in treating a stiff elbow. Participants: 3 patients, 2 female and 1 male in the 30-50 year age group. Methods: PNF stretching techniques - Hold-Relax, Contrac

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Nascimento, Renata, Mariana Desiree, Estevão Rios Monteiro, et al. "Acute effect of different stretching methods in classical dancer children." Revista Brasileira de Fisiologia do Exercício 19, no. 2 (2020): 114. http://dx.doi.org/10.33233/rbfe.v19i2.3266.

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Introduction: Dancers use to do stretching exercises to increase flexibility in the preparation and completion of training and activities. The purpose of the present study was to compare two methods of passive stretching of hip flexion in classical dancer children. Methods: Twenty-one female’s children were recruited for the study, and each participant visited the laboratory on two occasions during three-days at least twenty-four hours between visits. A randomized within-subject design used to investigate the effects of three conditions: control (CG), static stretching (SS), and proprioceptive

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Kandalkar, Nilakshi, Trupti Warude, Amrutkuvar Pawar, Apurva Godse, and Krishna Savsaviya. "Effect of PnF Stretching and Foam rolling Exercises in Patellofemoral Pain Syndrome." Indian Journal of Public Health Research & Development 10, no. 5 (2019): 59. http://dx.doi.org/10.5958/0976-5506.2019.00969.0.

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Patel, Heena, Ragbi Patel, Jahanvi Barot, et al. "Effectiveness of Multidisciplinary Physiotherapeutic exercise on the patients with Spastic Diplegic Cerebral Palsy." International Journal of Physiotherapy and Research 12, no. 4 (2024): 4744–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.16965/ijpr.2024.119.

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Background and Objectives: Cerebral Palsy (CP) describes as a group of permanent disorder of development of movement and posture causing activity limitation that are attributed to non-progressive disturbances occurred in developing fetal or infant brain. Objective of this study to assess the effectiveness of different physiotherapy treatment technique and exercise protocol used in patients with cerebral palsy. Aim: To study the effect of multidisciplinary physiotherapeutic exercise on the patients with spastic diplegic cerebral palsy. Method: multidisciplinary physiotherapeutic exercise is giv

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Kosova, Altay, and Omer Osman Pala. "Does Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation-Based Hamstring Stretching Influence Deep Cervical Flexor Muscle Endurance?" Life 15, no. 7 (2025): 1019. https://doi.org/10.3390/life15071019.

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Aim: To assess the acute effects of proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation (PNF), stretching was applied to the hamstring muscles to evaluate deep cervical flexor endurance. Potential variables correlating with endurance adaptations were examined. Methods: This randomized controlled trial performed between September 2023 and June 2024 included healthy female university students aged 18–25 years. Participants were randomly assigned to either the control or the PNF group. Variables included age, height, weight, body mass index, Beighton score, hamstring flexibility, and deep cervical flexor m

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Hindle, Kayla, Tyler Whitcomb, Wyatt Briggs, and Junggi Hong. "Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation (PNF): Its Mechanisms and Effects on Range of Motion and Muscular Function." Journal of Human Kinetics 31, no. 1 (2012): 105–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/v10078-012-0011-y.

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Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation (PNF): Its Mechanisms and Effects on Range of Motion and Muscular FunctionProprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation (PNF) is common practice for increasing range of motion, though little research has been done to evaluate theories behind it. The purpose of this study was to review possible mechanisms, proposed theories, and physiological changes that occur due to proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation techniques. Four theoretical mechanisms were identified: autogenic inhibition, reciprocal inhibition, stress relaxation, and the gate control theory.

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Chinnavan, Elanchezhian, Sathish Gopaladhas, and Ponsumathi Kaikondan. "Effectiveness of pilates training in improving hamstring flexibility of football players." Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science 14, no. 3 (2015): 265–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjms.v14i3.16322.

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Objective: The kick force is effective only if the flexibility of the muscle is in accord. The stretching capacity of tendons, ligaments and capsule are very limited due to the function of articular stabilization. Pilates exercises are to be performed to improve muscular flexibility with greater movement breadth, strength and fluency. Lack of flexibility is a limiting factor for performance and being a facilitator for muscular injuries. Materials and Methods: Goniometer, Sit and reach table and Exercise mat. 30 football players were randomly distributed into two groups, Pilates group (n=15) an

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Nazir, Ayesha, Uzma Naz, Ayesha Ilyas, et al. "Comparison of the effectiveness of static stretching and hold relax technique on hamstring flexibility - A Randomized Control trial." Pakistan Journal of Medical and Health Sciences 16, no. 11 (2022): 92–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.53350/pjmhs2022161192.

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Aim: In order to manage discomfort and increase range of motion, this study compared the effectiveness of static stretching versus the hold-relax approach on hamstring flexibility. Study design: The study design was Randomized Controlled Trial (RCT). Place & duration: This study was conducted in Physiotherapy Department and Rehabilitation center at Mayo Hospital Lahore.The duration of study was 4 months after approval of synopsis. Methodology: In ‘group A’ Static stretching is applied while in ‘group B’ Hold Relax technique of PNF was applied, while in ‘group C’ conventional physiotherapy

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Hayuningrum, Cicilia Febriani, Alya Nur Annisa, Tika Apriliani, and Vincencius Ganesa Pamungkas. "Systematic Review: Efektivitas Penerapan Strengthening Dan Stretching Exercise Pada Kasus Erb’S Palsy." Indonesian Journal of Health Science 4, no. 1 (2024): 14–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.54957/ijhs.v4i1.492.

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Background: Brachial plexus or lesion of the brachial nerve is an injury to the peripheral nerve strands in the neck (cervical) and shoulder areas which results in paralysis of the muscles of the shoulders, elbows, wrists and fingers. Brachial plexus injuries are usually unilateral or only one side is affected and most often occurs in trauma at birth in the form of a small maternal pelvis, shoulder dystocia, and sundang position while in the womb. Erb's Palsy is also called Duchenne-Erb or Dejerine-Klumpke syndrome, which is paralysis of the brachial plexus at (C5-C6) or (C7-T1) which is chara

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Ashraf, Iqra, Sidra Manzoor, Abdullah Khalid Khan, Yasha Sajjad, Navera Fatima, and Romaisa Javed. "Comparative Effects Of Stabilizing Exercises and PNF Stretching Of Upper Trapezius On Functional Disability & Pain." Pakistan Journal of Medical and Health Sciences 16, no. 6 (2022): 190–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.53350/pjmhs22166190.

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Aim: To compare the results of proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation stretches with stability exercises of upper trapezius in reference to neck ranges, disability level and pain specifically in mobile phone users with neck pain. Methods: Convenient sampling was used with randomization at the time of group allocation and blinding of assessor was made sure. 50 subjects both males and females with neck pain were recruited with 18 to 30 years of age. 2 treatment groups were present each containing equal number of subjects. One group was treated using stretches and other was given stability exe

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Gill, Sajjad Ali, Muhammad Bilal, and Minahil Maqsood. "Effects of Stretching Exercises on Cricket Wicket Keeper Performance and Reduction of Injury Rate." Human Nature Journal of Social Sciences 4, no. 2 (2023): 560–68. https://doi.org/10.71016/hnjss/wdeazb39.

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Aim of the Study: The basic aim of this study is to check the effects of flexibility exercises (Dynamic, Static & Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Exercises) on wicketkeeper (Cricket) performance. Methodology: This experimental study included a total of 27 cricket players (wicketkeepers) were selected for this purposive study with a targeted sampling method utilized. A control group consisting of 10 players was also selected for further comparison. Anthropometric measurement, along with Sit and Reach test has been utilized before and after the training program execution. A self-made 15 questio

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Sundresh, Junior, Kalidasan Varathan, Shenbaga Sundaram Subramanian, et al. "Effects of muscle energy technique overhold relax on pain and range of motion in patients with post-surgical elbow stiffness." Fizjoterapia Polska 24, no. 3 (2024): 242–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.56984/8zg020ahbc.

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Background. An elbow joint that can move and is stable is important for work, play, and sports. Stiffness in the elbow after surgery is common and can make it difficult to perform daily activities. This is a significant problem for therapy. Therapeutic exercises, especially stretching exercises, are a crucial part of physiotherapy for alleviating elbow stiffness. Muscle Energy Technique (MET) is a manual therapy that uses mild isometric contractions to utilize the muscles’ energy to help with limited limb movement. On the other hand, Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation (PNF) is one of th

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Keyhanfar, Afshin, and Seyyed hossein Hosseini. "Efficacy of PNF and Classic Physiotherapy Stretching Exercises on the Balance and Function in Patellofemoral Syndrome Patients." Journal of Ilam University of Medical Sciences 26, no. 1 (2018): 141–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.29252/sjimu.26.1.141.

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Ghiasi, Fatemah, Asghar Akbari, and Haneyah Shoroei. "The effect of PNF-stretching and strengthening exercises on improvement of Function in subjects with tibial stress syndrome." Pars of Jahrom University of Medical Sciences 8, no. 1 (2010): 19–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.29252/jmj.8.1.19.

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Al Hazmy, Abdullah, Imam Subadi, Andriati Andriati, et al. "The effect of adding Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation (PNF) training on quadriceps and hamstrings muscle strength in cerebral palsy athletes." Retos 63 (December 9, 2024): 317–25. https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v63.110094.

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Introduction: Athletes with CP were more prone to limb injuries. Stretching had long been considered beneficial for improving muscle performance and reducing the risk of injury. Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation was a technique used to enhance muscle elasticity and increase peak torque and muscle strength. Objective: To analyze the effect of adding Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation exercises on quadriceps and hamstring muscle strength in cerebral palsy athletes. Methodology: The study was conducted at the NPC Indonesia Training Center. The subjects consisted of 24 athletes diag

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Yuktasir, Bekir, and Fatih Kaya. "Investigation into the long-term effects of static and PNF stretching exercises on range of motion and jump performance." Journal of Bodywork and Movement Therapies 13, no. 1 (2009): 11–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jbmt.2007.10.001.

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Sonone, Samiksha Vinod, and Deepali Patil. "Effect of Maitland and Mulligan mobilization on pain, range of motion and disability in patients with rotator cuff syndrome: a randomized clinical trial protocol." F1000Research 12 (August 23, 2023): 1027. http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.138167.1.

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Background: Rotator cuff syndrome (RCS) comprises partial or whole-thickness rotator cuff tears, rotator cuff tendonitis, subacromial impingement syndrome, and bursitis. Expansion of rotator cuff arthropathy and glenohumeral degenerative disease are both made more likely by chronic rotator cuff syndrome. The maximum well-supported nonsurgical treatment for individual with rotator cuff (RC) injury appears to be musculoskeletal physiotherapy, including manual treatments and exercises. Scapular stabilisation exercises, proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation (PNF), range of motion (ROM), rotato

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Hernowo, Davit Firmanda, and Rachmah Laksmi Ambardini. "EFEKTIVITAS TERAPI KOMBINASI MASASE FRIRAGE DAN LATIHAN PNF TERHADAP PEMULIHAN CEDERA PANGGUL." MEDIKORA 18, no. 2 (2019): 86–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.21831/medikora.v18i2.29201.

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Cedera adalah kelainan atau gangguan yang terjadi pada anggota tubuh yang menyebabkan timbulnya keluhan seperti, nyeri, panas, merah, bengkak, dan tidak dapat berfungsi baik pada otot, tendon, ligamen, persendian maupun tulang yang terjadi akibat aktivitas yang berulang, berlebihan maupun kecelakaan. Panggul merupakan salah satu bagian persendian yang sering digunakan manusia melakukan aktivitas sehari-hari, oleh karena itu akan memiliki persentase untuk dapat terjadi cedera. Masase terapi ataupun stretching merupakan salah satu upaya yang dapat dilakukan untuk mengurangi keluhan cedera. Tujua

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عيسى, سمر مدحت عبدالحليم. "تأثير تدريبات الإطالة بالتسهيلات العصبية العضلية للمستقبلات الحسية (PNF) والمستوى الرقمي لمتسابقي دفع الجلـة The effect of stretching exercises on the neuromuscular facilitators of the sensory receptors (PNF) and the digital level For shot put contestants". المجلة العلمية لعلوم الرياضة 7, № 1 (2022): 107–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.21608/mkod.2022.131481.1117.

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Joneidi Jafari, Hamid Reza, Parisa Nejati, Ahmad Nazari, and Azar Moezy. "Effectiveness of Exercise Therapy on Improving Pain and Function of the Patients With Rotator Cuff Injuries of the Shoulder." Journal of Arak University Medical Sciences 24, no. 6 (2022): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.32598/jams.24.6.6484.1.

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Background: Rotator cuff injuries are one of the most common causes of shoulder pain. There are different therapeutic approaches in this disease. The evidence of the positive effect of exercise therapy in this pathology is inconclusive. This study aimed to investigate the effect of a complete exercise protocol on improvement of the patients with rotator cuff injuries. Methods: The patients with shoulder pain received the 12-week exercise protocol in 4 phases if they had confirmed rotator cuff injuries in clinical examination and shoulder MRI. Pain was measured by visual analog scale (VAS) and

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Piruta, Joanna, and Wojciech Kułak. "Physiotherapy in Text Neck Syndrome: A Scoping Review of Current Evidence and Future Directions." Journal of Clinical Medicine 14, no. 4 (2025): 1386. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm14041386.

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Background: Musculoskeletal disorders associated with excessive smartphone use represent a significant health issue. Text neck syndrome is one such disorder within that group, increasingly affecting individuals worldwide across various age groups. The phenomenon of text neck may occur in individuals who frequently and for prolonged periods adopt a forward-flexed neck and head position while looking at the screens of mobile electronic devices. Various therapeutic methods are used in the treatment of text neck syndrome. However, there is no consensus on text neck rehabilitation, which poses a ch

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Lee, Dae-Hwan, Bong-Sik Woo, Yong-Hwa Park, and Jung-Ho Lee. "General Treatments Promoting Independent Living in Parkinson’s Patients and Physical Therapy Approaches for Improving Gait—A Comprehensive Review." Medicina 60, no. 5 (2024): 711. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/medicina60050711.

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This study delves into the multifaceted approaches to treating Parkinson’s disease (PD), a neurodegenerative disorder primarily affecting motor function but also manifesting in a variety of symptoms that vary greatly among individuals. The complexity of PD symptoms necessitates a comprehensive treatment strategy that integrates surgical interventions, pharmacotherapy, and physical therapy to tailor to the unique needs of each patient. Surgical options, such as deep brain stimulation (DBS), have been pivotal for patients not responding adequately to medication, offering significant symptom reli

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Savla, Krina, Vishnu Vardhan, and Diksha Aage. "Physiotherapy in Bruxism: A Scoping Review." International Journal of Health Sciences and Research 11, no. 6 (2021): 115–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.52403/ijhsr.20210616.

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Background: Bruxism is a parafunctional activity comprising of spasmodic non-functional gnashing, grinding, or clenching of teeth or involuntary rhythmic movement which may cause occlusal trauma. Bruxism causes muscular pain, stiffness, jaw restriction, sleep disturbances and degraded quality of life. The awareness of bruxism in population is extremely low. Physiotherapy has proven effective in many musculoskeletal and neurological conditions as a non-pharmacological treatment. Thus, the aim of this study to explore the recent physiotherapy treatments available for the better prognosis and imp

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Zufar, Alfen, Intan Arovah Novita, Satia Graha Ali, Wara Kushartanti BM., and Faira Zanada Jihan. "Effectiveness of Manurak Therapy in Increasing Range of Motion and Reducing Pain in Wrist Injury Patients." INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MULTIDISCIPLINARY RESEARCH AND ANALYSIS 08, no. 04 (2025): 2129–37. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15379406.

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Everyday activities are impacted by wrist injuries, which are widespread in society. Manurak treatment can be used to treat wrist injuries. Stretching exercises and PNF are added to massage as part of Manurak therapy (both manual and motor). This study sought to ascertain how well Manurak therapy worked to improve range of motion and lessen wrist injury discomfort. Using a single-group pretest-posttest design and a pre-experimental research design, the study employed a quantitative descriptive methodology. Patients with wrist injuries served as the study's subjects, and 21 participants in all

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Kristinayanti, Ni Putu Dita, I. Made Niko Winaya, and I. Made Muliarta. "THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN APPLYING PILATES EXERCISE AND PNF STRETCHING ON LUMBAL FLEXIBILITY OF TEENAGE GIRL 16-18 YEARS OLD." Majalah Ilmiah Fisioterapi Indonesia 7, no. 2 (2019): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.24843/mifi.2019.v07.i02.p01.

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Flexibility refers to the range of possible movement about a joint and an elongation of muscle to the maximum to vary one's physical working environment to get freedom of movement. Interventions that can be given are Pilates Exercise and PNF Stretching. The result of hypothesis test with paired sample t-test on Group Pilates Exercise got increase 9.64 cm (p= 0.000) while at Group PNF Stretching got increase 10.75 cm (p= 0.000). Independent t-test was used to examine the increasing difference between the Group Pilates Exercise and Group PNF Stretching with result p= 0.402. These results indicat

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Birinci, Tansu, Arzu Razak Ozdincler, Suleyman Altun, and Cemal Kural. "A structured exercise programme combined with proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation stretching or static stretching in posttraumatic stiffness of the elbow: a randomized controlled trial." Clinical Rehabilitation 33, no. 2 (2018): 241–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0269215518802886.

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Objectives: To compare the different stretching techniques, proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation (PNF) stretching and static stretching, in patients with elbow stiffness after a treated elbow fracture. Design: Randomized-controlled, single-blind study. Setting: Department of physiotherapy and rehabilitation. Subjects: Forty patients with posttraumatic elbow stiffness (24 women; mean age, 41.34 ± 7.57 years). Intervention: PNF stretching group ( n = 20), hold-relax PNF stretching combined with a structured exercise programme (two days per week for six weeks); static stretching group ( n =

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Manabendra Majhi and Samiran Mondal. "Effect of proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation stretching on physical fitness: A Critical Analysis." GSC Advanced Research and Reviews 6, no. 1 (2021): 071–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.30574/gscarr.2021.6.1.0010.

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Background: PNF stretching is a reputed exercise for the development of physical exercise and sports performance. However, there was no review study on PNF stretching and physical fitness. Aim: The aim of the study was to identify the effect of PNF stretching on physical fitness in the perspective of positive effect, negative effect and no effect. Method: 28 articles fulfilling the criteria for made this review study after inclusion and exclusion were done. All articles were collected through online scientific data sources. Discussion: Interpretation was made on the following three areas: PNF

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Manabendra, Majhi, and Mondal Samiran. "Effect of proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation stretching on physical fitness: A Critical Analysis." GSC Advanced Research and Reviews 06, no. 01 (2021): 071–75. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4607424.

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Background: PNF stretching is a reputed exercise for the development of physical exercise and sports performance. However, there was no review study on PNF stretching and physical fitness. Aim: The aim of the study was to identify the effect of PNF stretching on physical fitness in the perspective of positive effect, negative effect and no effect. Method: 28 articles fulfilling the criteria for made this review study after inclusion and exclusion were done. All articles were collected through online scientific data sources.  Discussion: Interpretation was made on the following three areas

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Naveen Kumar P, Senthil Kumar S, Prathap Suganthirababu, and Jagatheesan Alagesan. "Effectiveness of Pnf Stretching in Hamstring Tightness Population Having Low Back Pain." Indian Journal of Physiotherapy & Occupational Therapy - An International Journal 18 (January 21, 2024): 651–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.37506/zd1t1840.

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Background: One of the possible contributing factors of low back ache by hamstring stiffness on the ischialtuberosity. Movement restrictions or postural asymmetry lead to compensatory movement patterns of the lumbarspine, and subsequently increases stress on the spinal soft tissues and risk of low back pain (LBP), stretching andloosening the hamstring muscles can help relieve sciatic nerve root pressure and reduce the lower back pain.Purpose: The aim of the study to determine effectiveness of PNF stretching in hamstring tightness populationhaving low back pain.Materials and Methods: Subjects w

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