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Journal articles on the topic 'Pnina'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 10 February 2022

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1

Matzkuhn, B. "Pnina Granirer: a dancing line." Canadian Medical Association Journal 173, no. 11 (November 22, 2005): 1364–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1503/cmaj.051402.

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2

Simeran Man Singh Gell. "A response to Pnina Werbner." Critique of Anthropology 16, no. 3 (September 1996): 325–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0308275x9601600306.

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3

MARSDEN, MAGNUS. "Mullahs, Migrants and Murids: New Developments in the Study of Pakistan A Review Article." Modern Asian Studies 39, no. 4 (October 2005): 981–1005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0026749x05001915.

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The Ulama in Contemporary Islam: Custodians of Change. By MUHAMMAD QASIM ZAMAN. Princeton, N.J. and Oxford: Princeton University Press.Migrants and Militants: Fun and Urban Violence in Pakistan. By OSKAR VERKAAIK. Princeton, N.J.: Princeton University Press.Pilgrims of Love: The Anthropology of a Global Sufi Cult. By PNINA WERBNER. London: Hurst and Company.
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Rapport, Nigel. "Anthropology and the new cosmopolitanism - Edited by Pnina Werbner." Journal of the Royal Anthropological Institute 15, no. 1 (March 2009): 179–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9655.2008.01537_7.x.

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Venkatesan, Edited by Soumhya. "Violence and violation are at the heart of racism." Critique of Anthropology 39, no. 1 (March 2019): 12–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0308275x19829682.

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This article comprises the edited version of the 2017 meeting of the Group for Debates in Anthropological theory held at Manchester. The motion debated was: Violence and Violation are at the Heart of Racism. It is edited by Soumhya Venkatesan (Manchester). Pnina Werbner (Keele) and Christopher (Kit) Davis (SOAS) proposed the motion; Peter Wade (Manchester) and John Hartigan Jr. (Texas) opposed it.
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6

Street, Brian. "ISLAMOPHOBIA AND RACISM. A response to Pnina Werbner, AT 21[1]." Anthropology Today 21, no. 5 (October 2005): 21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.0268-540x.2005.00383.x.

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7

Geaves, Ron. "Questioning the Category of ‘Spiritual Capital’ Drawing upon Field Studies of ‘Spiritual Entrepreneurs’ and their Role in the Economic and Social Development of British South Asian Muslims." Fieldwork in Religion 10, no. 2 (March 29, 2016): 232–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1558/firn.v10i2.28725.

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The article explores the categories “social” and “spiritual capital” used by sociologists and argues that, on the basis of field studies, by the author and also Pnina Werbner, carried out on “spiritual entrepreneurs,” namely South Asian origin Sufi shaykhs in the UK, the category of “spiritual capital” needs to be sharpened, even redefined, in order to create distance from the category of “social capital.” The article critically explores a number of social theorists who have commented on spiritual capital as a form of social capital and challenges their understandings of religious phenomena.
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8

Bashkin, Orit. "Review: Concrete Boxes: Mizrahi Women on Israel's Periphery, by Pnina Motzafi-Haller." Journal of Palestine Studies 49, no. 4 (2020): 143–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/jps.2020.49.4.143.

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9

AKBER, MEHNAZ. "The Migration Process: Capital, Gifts and Offerings among British Pakistanis . PNINA WERBNER." American Ethnologist 20, no. 2 (May 1993): 416–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/ae.1993.20.2.02a00360.

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10

Kalev. "Pnina Motzafi-Haller, In the Cement Boxes: Mizrahi Women in the Israeli Periphery." Nashim: A Journal of Jewish Women's Studies & Gender Issues, no. 26 (2014): 174. http://dx.doi.org/10.2979/nashim.26.174.

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11

Lizzio, Kenneth. "Pilgrims of Love: An Ethnography of a Global Sufi Cult - By Pnina Werbner." Muslim World 98, no. 2-3 (April 2008): 392–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1478-1913.2008.235_4.x.

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12

Alon, Liat Maggid. "Concrete Boxes: Mizrahi Women of the Periphery of Israel by Pnina Motzafi-Haller." Journal of Jewish Identities 13, no. 1 (2020): 136–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/jji.2020.0001.

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13

TAL, EVE. "‘From Both Sides Now’: Power and Powerlessness in Two Contemporary Novels of the Middle East." International Research in Children's Literature 1, no. 1 (July 2008): 16–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/e1755619808000070.

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The paper analyses the narrative techniques utilised in two contemporary young adult novels: Elizabeth Laird's A Little Piece of Ground (2003) and Pnina Moed Kass's Real Time (2004). Set in Palestine and Israel respectively, these novels present convincing psychological portraits of young people on both sides of the Middle East conflict. The paper analyses to what extent each novel allows readers the imaginative freedom to explore opposing points of view, arguing that a text that fails to present readers with a nuanced representation of reality leaves them open to intellectual manipulation by creating a self-contained world in which opposing points of view are in effect censored by their absence.
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14

Mohammad-Arif, Aminah. "Pnina Werbner, Imagined Diasporas among Manchester Muslims. The Public Performance of Pakistani Transnational Identity Politics." L'Homme, no. 167-168 (December 1, 2003): 389–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.4000/lhomme.19732.

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15

Thornhill, Nancy Wilmsen. "Uneasy Careers and Intimate Lives: Women in Science, 1789-1979. Pnina G. Abir-Am , Dorinda Outram." Quarterly Review of Biology 63, no. 4 (December 1988): 497–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/416125.

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16

Hall, Kathleen. ": The Migration Process: Capital, Gifts and Offerings among British Pakistanis . Pnina Werbner, John Gledhill, Bruce Kapferer." American Anthropologist 93, no. 4 (December 1991): 1014–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/aa.1991.93.4.02a00800.

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17

Carmi, Avner, Nakdimon Umiel, Amir Hagiladi, Edith Yosef, Daniel Ben-Ghedalia, and Joshua Miron. "Field performance and nutritive value of a new forage sorghum variety ‘Pnina’ recently developed in Israel." Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture 85, no. 15 (2005): 2567–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jsfa.2299.

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18

Geaves, Ron. "Review of Pilgrims of Love: The Anthropology of a Global Sufi Cult by Pnina Werbner." Comparative Islamic Studies 1, no. 1 (February 4, 2007): 107–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1558/cis.v1i1.107.

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19

Décobert, Christian. "WERBNER (Pnina), BASU (Helene), éds., Embodying Charisma. Modernity, Locality and the Performance of Emotion in Sufi Cults." Archives de sciences sociales des religions, no. 112 (December 31, 2000): 134–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.4000/assr.20371.

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20

HYATT, SUSAN BRIN. "Black and Ethnic Leaderships in Britain: The Cultural Dimensions of Political Action . PNINA WERBNER and MUHAMMAD ANWAR." American Ethnologist 21, no. 4 (November 1994): 1106–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/ae.1994.21.4.02a02200.

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21

Curtis, Mieke Maria. "Pilgrims of Love." American Journal of Islam and Society 23, no. 3 (July 1, 2006): 120–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.35632/ajis.v23i3.1609.

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Pnina Werbner’s Pilgrims of Love, a truly exceptional book in several importantways, is the result of some eleven years of fieldwork in Britain andPakistan. While the topic, understanding a transnational Sufi cult, is quiteconventional within the discipline of anthropology, the time span in which theresearch was conceived and conducted is perhaps one wherein anthropology began to question seriously even its most taken-for-granted truths. Thismakes the final product anything but conventional.The author makes very clear her position as an anthropologist and thedifficulties she experienced as a western Jewish female academic writingabout a Pakistani, or second-generation Pakistani, predominantly Muslimmale practitioner’s perspective. Her honesty about the nature of her fieldexperience, the classic nature of the research itself within the canon ofanthropological literature, and her assessment of what she calls “the limitsof postmodern anthropology” (pp. 14-15, 291-302) add a certain depth ofsubstance to the discipline’s ongoing discussion of the subject-object relationship.This text is an important contribution to the body of literaturewithin the anthropology of religion and Islam, comparative studies of Islamicmovements, transnationalism, and, in general, to students and scholars ofPakistan and South Asia ...
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22

Child, Danielle. "The political aesthetics of global protest: The Arab Spring and beyond edited by Pnina Werbner, Martin Webb and Kathryn Spellman-Poots." Visual Studies 32, no. 2 (January 12, 2017): 191–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/1472586x.2016.1274195.

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23

Haque, Ziaul. "Hastings Donnan and Pnina Werbner (eds). Economy and Culture in Pakistan: Migrants and Cities in a Muslim Society. London: Macmillan. 1991. 268 pp." Pakistan Development Review 31, no. 3 (September 1, 1992): 325–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.30541/v31i3pp.325-328.

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Modem economic factors and forces are rapidly transforming the world into a single society and economy in which the migration of people at the national and international levels plays an important role. Pakistan, as a modem nation, has characteristically been deeply influenced by such migrations, both national and international. The first great exodus occurred in 1947 when over eight million Indian Muslims migrated from different parts of India to Pakistan. Thus, from the very beginning mass population movements and migrations have been woven into Pakistan's social fabric through its history, culture and religion. These migrations have greatly influenced the form and substance of the national economy, the contours of the political system, patterns of urbanisation and the physiognomy of the overall culture and history of the country. The recent political divide of Sindh on rural/Sindhi, and urban/non-Sindhi, ethnic and linguistic lines is the direct result of these earlier settlements of these migrants in the urban areas of Sindh.
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24

Rydell, Robert W. "Commemorative Practices in Science: Historical Perspectives on the Politics of Collective Memory. (Osiris, 2nd Series, 14). Pnina G. Abir-Am , Clark A. Elliott." Isis 92, no. 3 (September 2001): 578–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/385285.

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25

Boucher, Nicole. "MODOOD, Tariq and Pnina WERBNER. The Politics of Multiculturalism in the New Europe : Racism, Identity and Community. London & NY, ZedBooks, 1998, 288p." Études internationales 30, no. 3 (1999): 634. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/704075ar.

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26

QUIMINAL, CATHERINE. "Werbner, Pnina. 2004. Pilgrims of love. The anthropology of a global sufi cult. London: Hurst. xvi + 348 pp. Pb.: £16.50. ISBN: 1 85065 651 7." Social Anthropology 13, no. 2 (June 3, 2005): 244–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0964028205371485.

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27

Rozehnal, Robert. "Pilgrims of Love: The Anthropology of a Global Sufi Cult. By Pnina Werbner. Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 2003. xvi, 348 pp. $49.95 (cloth): $21.95 (paper)." Journal of Asian Studies 63, no. 4 (November 2004): 1187–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021911804003092.

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28

Weitzel, Tim. "Pnina Arad, Christian Maps of the Holy Land. Images and Meanings. (Cultural Encounters in Late Antiquity and the Middle Ages, Vol. 28.) Turnhout, Brepols 2020." Historische Zeitschrift 313, no. 1 (August 1, 2021): 187–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/hzhz-2021-1238.

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29

Shilo, Shmuel. "Judgment in Jerusalem: Chief Justice Simon Agranat and the Zionist Century. By Pnina Lahav [University of California Press, Berkeley/Los Angeles/London, 1997, xvii + 331 pp.]." Israel Law Review 32, no. 3 (1998): 528–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021223700015764.

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30

Miles, Robert. "Book reviews : Black and Ethnic Leaderships in Britain: The Cultural Dimensions of Political Action Pnina Werbner and Muhammad Anwar (eds) Routledge, London, 1991, 345pp, £40.00 hbk." Critical Social Policy 13, no. 38 (October 1993): 117–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/026101839301303812.

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31

Hertzberg, Fredrik, and Mats Deland. "Book reviews : Debating Cultural Hybridity: multi-cultural identities and the politics of anti-racism Edited by Pnina Werbner and Tariq Modood (London, Zed, 1997). 294pp. £14.95." Race & Class 40, no. 4 (April 1999): 99–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/030639689904000415.

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32

Solway, Jacqueline. "The Making of an African Working Class: Politics, Law, and Cultural Protest in the Manual Workers’ Union of Botswana by Pnina Werbner. London: Pluto, 2014. 320 pp." American Anthropologist 118, no. 4 (November 24, 2016): 980–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/aman.12785.

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33

Zarzyka, Iwona, Maria Laura Di Lorenzo, and Marek Pyda. "Phase Diagrams of Smart Copolymers Poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) and Poly(sodium acrylate)." Scientific World Journal 2014 (2014): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/516076.

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The phase behavior of linear poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPA), linear copolymer poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) and poly(sodium acrylate) (PNIPA-SA), and chemically cross-linked PNIPA in water has been determined by temperature modulated differential scanning calorimetry (TM-DSC). Experiments related to linear polymers (PNIPA and PNIPA-SA) indicated nontypical demixing/mixing behavior with a lower critical solution temperature (LCST), which do not correspond to the three classical types of limiting critical behavior. Some similarities and differences are observed in comparison to our literature data using standard TM-DSC for PNIPA/water. Furthermore no influence of composition cross-linked PNIPA/water system on demixing/mixing temperature was observed.
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34

ADDISON, LINCOLN. "The Making of an African Working Class: Politics, Law, and Cultural Protest in the Manual Workers’ Union of Botswana. Pnina Werbner. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2014. 320 pp." American Ethnologist 43, no. 3 (August 2016): 579–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/amet.12363.

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35

Fosshagen, Kjetil. "Werbner, Pnina, Martin Webb & Kathryn Spellman-Poots (eds). The political aesthetics of global protest: the Arab Spring and beyond. xxxviii, 410 pp., illus., bibliogrs. Edinburgh: Univ. Press, 2014. £24.99 (paper)." Journal of the Royal Anthropological Institute 22, no. 4 (November 8, 2016): 1014–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1467-9655.12529.

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36

Czerniecka-Kubicka, Anna, Iwona Zarzyka, and Marek Pyda. "Long-Term Physical Aging Tracked by Advanced Thermal Analysis of Poly(N-Isopropylacrylamide): A Smart Polymer for Drug Delivery System." Molecules 25, no. 17 (August 21, 2020): 3810. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules25173810.

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Poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPA), as a smart polymer, can be applied for drug delivery systems. This amorphous polymer can be exposed on a structural recovery process during the storage and transport of medicaments. For the physical aging times up to one year, the structural recovery for PNIPA was studied by advanced thermal analysis. The structural recovery process occurred during the storage of amorphous PNIPA below glass transition and could be monitored by the differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The enthalpy relaxation (recovery) was observed as overshoot in change heat capacity at the glass transition region in the DSC during heating scan. The physical aging of PNIPA was studied isothermally at 400.15 K and also in the non-isothermal conditions. For the first time, the structural recovery process was analyzed in reference to absolute heat capacity and integral enthalpy in frame of their equilibrium solid and liquid PNIPA.
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37

Durham, Deborah. "Fragmented Worlds, Coherent Lives: The politics of difference in Botswana, by Pnina Motzafi-Haller. Westport, CT and London: Bergin & Garvey, 2002. xiv + 215 pp. £18.95 paperback. ISBN 0-89789-881-8 (paperback)." African Affairs 104, no. 416 (July 1, 2005): 537–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/afraf/adi052.

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38

Rossiter, Margaret W. "Helena M. Pycior, Nancy G. Slack, and Pnina G. Abir-Am, editors. Creative Couples in the Sciences. (Lives of Women in Science.) New Brunswick, N.J.: Rutgers University Press. 1996. Pp. xi, 369. $50.00." American Historical Review 103, no. 1 (February 1998): 144–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/ahr/103.1.144-a.

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39

Crookes, David Z. "Nabokov's Pnin." Explicator 47, no. 1 (September 1988): 33–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00144940.1988.9933875.

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40

Zugic, Dragana, Pavle Spasojevic, and Jasna Djonlagic. "Semi-interpenetrating networks based on POLY(N-isopropyl acrilamide) and POLY(N-vinylpyrrolidone)." Chemical Industry 61, no. 6 (2007): 350–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/hemind0706350z.

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Three series of semi-interpenetrating polymer networks based on cross-linked poly(N-isopropylacrylamide), PNIPA, and 1, 2 and 3 wt% of linear poly(N-vinylpyrrolidone), PVP, were synthesized in order to improve the mechanical properties of PNIPA gels. The effect of the incorporation of the linear PVP polymer into the temperature responsive networks on the phase transition temperature, swelling behavior and mechanical properties was studied. Polymer networks with four different crosslinking densities were prepared with various molar ratios (25/1 to 100/1) of the monomer (N-isopropylacrylamide) to the cross linker (N,N'-methylene-bisacrylamide). The hydrogels were characterized by determination of the equilibrium degree of swelling at 25 ?C, the dynamic shear modulus and the effective crosslinking density, as well as the ultimate hydrogel properties, such as the tensile strength and elongation at break. Furthermore, the deswelling kinetics of the hydrogels was also studied by measuring their water retention capacity. The inclusion of the linear hydrophilic PVP in the PNIPA networks increased the equilibrium degree of swelling, the highest values of which were obtained for samples with 2 and 3 wt% of PVP and the NIPA/MBA molar ratio of 75/1 and 100/1. The highest reinforcement effect, evaluated from the ratio of G'red(semi-IPN) to G'red(PNIPA), was obtained by incorporation of 2 wt% PVP. The tensile strength of the semi-IPNs reinforced with linear PVP was higher than that of the PNIPA networks. The elongation at break of these semi-IPNs varied between 22 and 55%, which are 22^11% larger than those for single PNIPA networks. The tensile measurements confirmed that the presence of 2 wt% of the linear polymer significantly reinforced the PNIPA network.
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41

Peleg, Ilan. "Judgement in Jerusalem: Chief Justice Simon Agranat and the Zionist Century, by Pnina Lahav. 352 pages, b&w photographs. Berkeley, CA: University of California Press, 1997. $29.95 (Cloth) ISBN 0-520-20595-2." Middle East Studies Association Bulletin 32, no. 1 (1998): 121–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0026318400036920.

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42

HUDA, MUHAMMAD NURUL, and A. N. M. HAMIDUL KABIR. "STIMULI RESPONSIVE MORPHOLOGICAL CHANGES OF PNIPA POLYMER BRUSHES SYNTHESIZED ON SILICON SUBSTRATE." Journal of Molecular and Engineering Materials 01, no. 02 (June 2013): 1350003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s2251237313500032.

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High-density polymer brushes were grown from the silicon surface by atom transfer radical polymerization of Poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPA) at different polymerization conditions. PNIPA brushes were prepared using Copper (I) Chloride/tris(2-(dimetylamino)ethyl)amine (Me6TREN) as a catalytic system in DMSO at 20°C. Free polymer formed during the brush formation was characterized by gel permeation chromatography. The grafting densities up to 0.52 chains/nm2 were obtained. The layer thickness of polymer brush increases with the increase of conversion of the monomer conversion as well as polymerization time. Atomic force microscopy and air bubble contact angle under pH solution were employed to study the surface morphology, reversible conformational changes of and stimulus-response behavior. PNIPA brushes exhibited a different nanomorphology after treatment with different pH solution. It also revealed a unique reversible wetting behavior with pH. The reversible properties of the PNIPA brushes can be used to regulate the adsorption of the sulfonated PS nanoparticles.
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43

Mayo-Pedrosa, M., C. Alvarez-Lorenzo, and A. Concheiro. "Thermorheological and glass transition properties of PNIPA/PVP and PNIPA/Carbopol blends." Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry 77, no. 2 (2004): 681–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/b:jtan.0000039003.07525.f0.

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44

Chen, Yi, Yueyun Zhou, Wenyong Liu, Hejie Pi, and Guangsheng Zeng. "POSS Hybrid Robust Biomass IPN Hydrogels with Temperature Responsiveness." Polymers 11, no. 3 (March 20, 2019): 524. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym11030524.

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In order to improve the performance of traditional sodium alginate (SA) hydrogels cross-linked by Ca2+ ions to meet greater application demand, a strategy was designed to structure novel SA-based gels (named OP-PN gels) to achieve both stimulus responsiveness and improved mechanical strength. In this strategy, the SA chains are co-cross-linked by CaCl2 and cationic octa-ammonium polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane (Oa-POSS) particles as the first network, and an organically cross-linked poly(N-isopropyl acrylamide) (PNIPA) network is introduced into the gels as the second network. Several main results are obtained from the synthesis and characterization of the gels. For OP-PN gels, their properties depend on the content of both uniformly dispersed Oa-POSS and PNIPA network directly. The increased Oa-POSS and PNIPA network content significantly improves both the strength and resilience of gels. Relatively, the increased Oa-POSS is greatly beneficial to the modulus of gels, and the increased PNIPA network is more favorable to advancing the tensile deformation of gels. The gels with hydrophilic PNIPA network exhibit better swelling ability and remarkable temperature responsiveness, and their volume phase transition temperature can be adjusted by altering the content of Oa-POSS. The deswelling rate of gels increases gradually with the increase of POSS content due to the hydrophobic Si–O skeleton of POSS. Moreover, the enhanced drug loading and sustained release ability of the target drug bovine serum albumin displays great potential for this hybrid gel in the biomedical field.
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45

PEKCAN, ÖNDER, and SELIM KARA. "PHOTON TRANSMISSION TECHNIQUE TO STUDY PHASE TRANSITIONS OF POLY(N-ISOPROPYLACRYLAMIDE) GELS." International Journal of Modern Physics B 18, no. 12 (May 10, 2004): 1717–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217979204025038.

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Temperature sensitive PNIPA Poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) gels were prepared by free-radical crosslinking copolymerization (FCC) of NIPA in the presence of various N,N'-methylenebisacrylamide (Bis) contents in water. FCC were carried out separately at various onset temperatures, T on (20, 22 and 24°C) for each Bis content gel. The photon transmission technique was used to study the demixing processes of these PNIPA gels at various wavelengths (450, 500, 550, 600, 690 nm). During the phase transition experiments, the temperatures of the gel samples increased from 24°C to 38°C with 0.4°C/min rate. It was observed that transmitted photon intensities I tr decreased dramatically around 34°C for almost all gel samples prepared at various onset temperatures in different Bis contents. The decrease in I tr was attributed to the increase in scattered light intensity I sc during demixing process. The behavior of I sc was modeled using Rayleigh's equation where the inverse power of wavelength λ was measured to interpret the demixing in water–PNIPA gel system. It was observed that large clusters are formed above demixing temperature, T d and it was understood that the PNIPA gel prepared at high T on presents low T d values.
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46

Kuhara, Kei, and Manabu Enoki. "Stress Analysis of the Swelling and Deswelling Process of Thermo-Responsive Gel." Key Engineering Materials 353-358 (September 2007): 2215–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.353-358.2215.

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Poly-N-isopropylacrylamide (PNIPA) gel is a typical thermo responsive gel which undergoes a large volume change from the low-temperature swollen phase to the high-temperature shrunken phase. In this study, the mechanical behavior of PNIPA gels was investigated by the experiment and simulation. The cylindrical shaped specimens of PNIPA gel were prepared and tensioned at various temperature. Swelling ratio at equilibrium state was calculated by diameter of swelling gels. Young modulus was obtained from stress-strain curve plotted using tensile load measured by semiconductor gauge. Also swelling and deswelling behavior of thermo sensitive gel were simulated by using finite element method. Polymer-solvent interaction parameter, χ was used as a function of temperature. Calculated swelling ratio at equilibrium was compared with experimental result and theoretical swelling curve. Furthermore, change of volume fraction and stress distribution in swelling process were evaluated.
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47

ABBRI, FERDINANDO. "PNINA G. ABIR-AM (sous la direction de), La mise en mmoire de la science. Pour une ethnographie historique des rites commmoratifs, Amsterdam, editions des archives contemporaines, 1998, xiv+321 pp. paper (ISBN 90-5709-007-4)." Nuncius 15, no. 1 (2000): 464–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/182539100x00704.

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László, Krisztina, Andrei Fluerasu, Abdellatif Moussaïd, and Erik Geissler. "Deswelling kinetics of PNIPA gels." Soft Matter 6, no. 18 (2010): 4335. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c0sm00297f.

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Dudrah, Rajinder Kumar. "Book Reviews : Tariq Modood and Pnina Werbner (eds) The Politics of Multiculturalism in the New Europe: Racism, Identity and Community London: Zed Books, 1997. 288 pp. Hbk ISBN 1-85649-421-7; pbk ISBN 1-85649-422-5." International Journal of Cultural Studies 1, no. 1 (April 1998): 156–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/136787799800100111.

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Mirkovic, Ilinka, Marija Nikolic, Sanja Ostojic, Jelena Maletaskic, Zoran Petrovic, and Jasna Djonlagic. "Thermo-responsive hydrogels based on poly(N-isopropyl-acrylamide) and hyaluronic acid cross-linked with nanoclays." Journal of the Serbian Chemical Society 85, no. 9 (2020): 1197–221. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/jsc200109023m.

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Abstract:
Semi-interpenetrating polymer networks (SIPN) based on thermoresponsive poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPA) and water-soluble sodium salts of linear hyaluronic acid (Na-HA) were physically cross-linked with synthetic nanoclay (laponite XLG). PNIPA hydrogels with different cross-linking densities and Na-HA concentrations were synthesized by in situ free-radical redox polymerization. The structure and heterogeneity of the semi-IPN hydrogels were examined by SEM and XRD. The content of clay incorporated in the gel was determined by TGA. DSC measurements showed that volume phase transition temperature and its enthalpy varied with the clay and hyaluronic acid content. SIPN hydrogels containing negatively charged polyelectrolyte, Na- HA, exhibited higher Qe and faster deswelling rates than the corresponding PNIPA NC hydrogels. The presence of the anionic Na-HA polymer reduced the storage modulus, indicating a weakening of the hydrogel network structure, especially at lower clay contents. The nanocomposite hydrogels exhibited high tan ? values, which increased with increasing Na-HA content.
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