Journal articles: 'Pocket Top'

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Cressa, Cristina. "Pocket Radiologist: BREAST Top 100 Diagnoses." Clinical Imaging 28, no. 5 (2004): 390. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.clinimag.2004.06.001.

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Keyserling, Harold. "Pocket radiologist: Obstetrics—top 100 diagnoses." Academic Radiology 11, no. 11 (2004): 1320–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.acra.2004.08.006.

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Keyserling, Harold. "Pocket radiologist: Breast—top 100 diagnoses." Academic Radiology 12, no. 1 (2005): 131. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.acra.2004.11.005.

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Jackson, J. E. "Pocket radiologist—interventional: top 100 procedures." Clinical Radiology 59, no. 3 (2004): 298–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.crad.2003.10.020.

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Nicholas, J. C. "Stability, Load Capacity, Stiffness, and Damping Advantages of the Double Pocket Journal Bearing." Journal of Tribology 107, no. 1 (1985): 53–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.3261002.

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The double pocket bearing design is discussed and compared to the plain three axial groove bearing. Rigid rotor stability, load capacity, and stiffness and damping curves are shown for the two bearing designs illustrating the stability and load capacity advantages of the double pocket bearing. Results show that placing double opposing stepped pockets in the top pads of a three axial groove bearing is a simple, inexpensive, expedient modification that is effective in suppressing oil whirl instability. Furthermore, the bottom plain pad retains the load carrying capacity of the original three axial groove design. Frequency spectrums substantiating the stabilizing ability of the double pocket design are shown for a test stand instability problem.

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Desai, S. R. "Pocket Radiologist™. Chest: Top 100 Diagnoses." Clinical Radiology 58, no. 8 (2003): 658. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0009-9260(03)00180-6.

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Jewells, Valerie L. "Pocket radiologist, temporal bone: Top 100 diagnoses." Academic Radiology 11, no. 9 (2004): 1081. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.acra.2004.06.001.

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Es, Robert. "Partnership on Top of a Dutch Gas Pocket." Business Ethics: A European Review 2, no. 2 (1993): 82–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-8608.1993.tb00021.x.

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Whyte, Andy. "Pocket Radiologist: Head and Neck − Top 100 Diagnoses." Australasian Radiology 47, no. 4 (2003): 480–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1440-1673.2003.01230.x.

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Wylie, EJ. "Pocket Radiologist: Breast - Top 100 Diagnoses, 1st edition." Australasian Radiology 49, no. 6 (2005): 528–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1440-1673.2005.01518.x.

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Steen, Ryan P., and Thomas P. Quinn. "Egg burial depth by sockeye salmon (Oncorhynchus nerka): implications for survival of embryos and natural selection on female body size." Canadian Journal of Zoology 77, no. 5 (1999): 836–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/z99-020.

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We studied the relationship between female sockeye salmon (Oncorhynchus nerka) body size and egg burial depth in a small Alaskan stream to better understand the ways in which stream-bed scour or digging by other females might destroy embryos. Two different measurements of egg burial depth were taken: depth from the original stream-bed surface to the top of the egg pocket and depth from the disturbed substrate directly above the egg pocket to the top of the egg pocket. The former may represent the depth to which stream-bed scouring would have to go to reach the eggs, but the latter represents the depth to which a second female would have to dig to disturb the egg pocket. Larger females buried their eggs deeper, relative to the original substrate level, than smaller females. This suggests that streams with frequent scour events would select for larger females. However, mean depth from the disturbed substrate level was significantly shallower than mean depth from the original stream-bed level, suggesting that even the smallest females could dig deep enough to disturb the egg pockets of the largest females. Finally, the egg burial depth - fish size relationship that we observed was compared with published data on other salmonid species, revealing considerable variation but a clear positive relationship between female size and burial depth. Because embryonic survival is affected by scour and nest disturbance, and because changes in fish body size, density, and flow regime can affect the vulnerability of embryos to such mortality, we recommend further, standardized measurements of the relationship between egg burial depth and female body size.

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Lury, Ken. "Pocket radiologist-PDA version, pediatric neuroradiology, top 100 diagnoses." Academic Radiology 11, no. 6 (2004): 719. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.acra.2003.08.002.

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Prabha G, Hema. "Pocket Chef." INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH IN ENGINEERING AND MANAGEMENT 09, no. 05 (2025): 1–9. https://doi.org/10.55041/ijsrem47648.

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ABSTRACT Pocket Chef is a personalized recipe discovery and management app developed to enhance the culinary experience of users through organized access to a wide variety of dishes. The platform allows users to explore diverse meal categories such as breakfast, lunch, dinner, and international cuisines while providing curated suggestions like “Recipes You May Like” based on user preferences. Built with Flutter for the frontend and Node.js for the backend, the app integrates modern design with performance, offering a seamless interface for daily meal planning and cooking inspiration. Pocket Chef includes user authentication to ensure a secure and individualized experience, where each user can manage their own profile and access features like favouriting recipes and editing personal details. A smart notification system delivers timely prompts such as recipe updates or grocery reminders, and the user interface supports both light and dark modes for enhanced usability. The app is structured for scalability, with organized navigation tools like a bottom nav bar, a top menu for settings and logout, and a responsive search bar. Altogether, Pocket Chef blends accessibility, personalization, and efficiency into a centralized digital platform for everyday cooking. Keywords: Cooking assistant app, personalized food suggestions, Flutter-based mobile app, Node.js integration, secure user login, recipe alerts, daily meal helper, digital cookbook, visual meal planner, theme toggle, favourite dish tracker, editable profiles, search-enabled browsing, user-centric food platform, modern culinary app.

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Gaulrapp, H. "Bewegungsapparat Die 100 Top-Diagnosen In der Reihe: Pocket Radiologist." Fuß & Sprunggelenk 3, no. 4 (2005): 249. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10302-005-0199-4.

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Meewan, Ittipat, Sergey A. Shiryaev, Julius Kattoula, et al. "Allosteric Inhibitors of Zika Virus NS2B-NS3 Protease Targeting Protease in “Super-Open” Conformation." Viruses 15, no. 5 (2023): 1106. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v15051106.

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The Zika virus (ZIKV), a member of the Flaviviridae family, is considered a major health threat causing multiple cases of microcephaly in newborns and Guillain-Barré syndrome in adults. In this study, we targeted a transient, deep, and hydrophobic pocket of the “super-open” conformation of ZIKV NS2B-NS3 protease to overcome the limitations of the active site pocket. After virtual docking screening of approximately seven million compounds against the novel allosteric site, we selected the top six candidates and assessed them in enzymatic assays. Six candidates inhibited ZIKV NS2B-NS3 protease proteolytic activity at low micromolar concentrations. These six compounds, targeting the selected protease pocket conserved in ZIKV, serve as unique drug candidates and open new opportunities for possible treatment against several flavivirus infections.

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DeVries, P. "Riverine salmonid egg burial depths: review of published data and implications for scour studies." Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 54, no. 8 (1997): 1685–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/f97-090.

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Published data on salmon, trout, and charr egg burial depths are highly variable and inconsistent. Primary sources of variation include elevation datum and portion of the egg pocket referenced to; differences in spawning behavior and the number, thickness, and location of egg pockets; relationships between egg depth, fish species, and corresponding size of female and spawning substrate and velocity characteristics; sampling method; presence of excavation barriers; redd superimposition; and scour and fill by hydraulic and other mechanical processes. Such sources of variability in the reported data have important implications for studies of scouring processes in salmonid spawning areas that require accurate identification of egg burial depths for predicting and preventing potential scour impacts. Cumulative measurement error and unexplained variation may amount to 5-20 cm or more in published values. The most relevant data for scour impact assessments are depths from the original stream bed elevation down to the top of the main egg pocket. Frequency distribution data are needed for determining probabilities and cumulative levels of scour impacts and for managing genetic diversity as well as population size. Preliminary depth threshold criteria are proposed for use now, pending further research.

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Khera, Nandita, Ye (Julia) Zhe, Joan M. Griffin, et al. "Total and out-of-pocket costs for patients undergoing hematopoietic cell transplantation." Journal of Clinical Oncology 39, no. 15_suppl (2021): e18862-e18862. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2021.39.15_suppl.e18862.

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e18862 Background: Hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) is a medically complicated, expensive and resource intensive medical technology. High health care costs are usually associated with high Out-of-Pocket (OOP) costs. In this population-based study, using deidentified administrative claims data from OptumLabs Data Warehouse, we describe total and patient level costs for one-year pre and post HCT and describe the characteristics of those with top 25% cost. Methods: Patients who had undergone an autologous or allogeneic HCT in 2015 to 2019 and had continuous health plan coverage for one year prior and post the index date-the date of the first claim for HCT, were included. We examined total costs, patient paid (OOP) and plan paid costs for one year before and after HCT. We also examined inpatient, outpatient, and pharmacy costs for the one year before and after the HCT. Logistic regression models examined factors including age, gender, race/ ethnicity, Charlson comorbidity index, geographic region and costs in the year prior to HCT (baseline costs) for their association with high total costs and high OOP costs (top 25%). Results: A total of 3,346 patients (2,344 commercial plan (CPE) and 1,002 under Medicare Advantage plan (MAPE) enrollees) were included in the study. Median one year post HCT costs for CPE was $ 612,517 (IQR 413,348- 960,456) and for MAPE was $ 521,000 (IQR 347,388-736,685). Median one year post HCT OOP costs were $ 5,407 (IQR 1,584 -10,000) in CPE and $7,199 (IQR 3,485 -16,396) in MAPE group. 625 subjects in the CPE and 253 subjects in MAPE group had overall costs in the top 25%. Median baseline costs were $482,107 vs. $846,943 in the low vs. high cost group in CPE and $278,656 vs. $343,633 in MAPE. There was a low correlation between OOP costs and overall costs (r = 0.17 for CPE and 0.15 for MAPE; p < 0.05). Younger age (OR for age 0.98; p < 0.001) and higher baseline costs (OR1.89; p < 0.001) predicted top 25% total costs post HCT in the CPE group. Not being African American (OR for African American 0.5; p = 0.02) and higher baseline costs (OR 1.07; p < 0.001) predicted top 25% total costs post HCT in MAPE group. Age (OR 0.97; p < 0.001), not being African American (OR 0.5; p = 0.001) and high baseline costs (OR 1.44; p < 0.001) also predicted higher OOP costs in the CPE group. The only factor that was associated with lower likelihood of OOP costs in top 25% in MAPE group was being Hispanic (OR 0.6; p = 0.004). Conclusions: HCT is an expensive treatment modality. High costs prior to HCT are associated with high post HCT costs both for patients on commercial and Medicare Advantage plan. The magnitude of correlation between patient level and total costs was low, likely due to differences in benefit plan. A careful assessment of benefits and costs of HCT is needed for providing high-value care and allow optimum allocation of the finite resources while minimizing patient level financial burden.

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Suino-Powell, Kelly, Yong Xu, Chenghai Zhang, et al. "Doubling the Size of the Glucocorticoid Receptor Ligand Binding Pocket by Deacylcortivazol." Molecular and Cellular Biology 28, no. 6 (2007): 1915–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/mcb.01541-07.

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ABSTRACT A common feature of nuclear receptor ligand binding domains (LBD) is a helical sandwich fold that nests a ligand binding pocket within the bottom half of the domain. Here we report that the ligand pocket of glucocorticoid receptor (GR) can be continuously extended into the top half of the LBD by binding to deacylcortivazol (DAC), an extremely potent glucocorticoid. It has been puzzling for decades why DAC, which contains a phenylpyrazole replacement at the conserved 3-ketone of steroid hormones that are normally required for activation of their cognate receptors, is a potent GR activator. The crystal structure of the GR LBD bound to DAC and the fourth LXXLL motif of steroid receptor coactivator 1 reveals that the GR ligand binding pocket is expanded to a size of 1,070 Å3, effectively doubling the size of the GR dexamethasone-binding pocket of 540 Å3 and yet leaving the structure of the coactivator binding site intact. DAC occupies only ∼50% of the space of the pocket but makes intricate interactions with the receptor around the phenylpyrazole group that accounts for the high-affinity binding of DAC. The dramatic expansion of the DAC-binding pocket thus highlights the conformational adaptability of GR to ligand binding. The new structure also allows docking of various nonsteroidal ligands that cannot be fitted into the previous structures, thus providing a new rational template for drug discovery of steroidal and nonsteroidal glucocorticoids that can be specifically designed to reach the unoccupied space of the expanded pocket.

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Balon, Tyler M., Yun Xia, Johnny McKeown, et al. "Pocket warming of bupivacaine with fentanyl to shorten onset of labor epidural analgesia: A double-blind randomized controlled clinical trial." PLOS ONE 19, no. 9 (2024): e0309515. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0309515.

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Shortening analgesic onset has been researched and it has been documented that prewarming epidural medications to body temperature (37°C) prior to administration increases medication efficacy. Our double-blind randomized controlled trial was designed to investigate if a lower degree of prewarming in providers’ pockets could achieve similar results without the need of a bedside incubator. A total of 136 parturients were randomized into either the pocket-warmed group or the room temperature group to receive 10 mL of 0.125% bupivacaine with 2 μg/mL fentanyl epidural bolus at either the 27.8 ±1.7°C or 22.1 ±1.0°C temperatures, respectively. Primary outcome, time to analgesic onset (verbal rating scale pain score ≤ 3) was recorded in 0-, 5-, 10-, 15-, 20-, 30-, and 60-minutes intervals. It was observed that the pocket-warming group (n = 64) and room temperature group (n = 72) had no significant difference of analgesic onset time (median 8 vs. 6.2 minutes; p = 0.322). The incidence of adverse events such as hypotension, fever (≥ 38°C), nausea, vomiting, and number of top-off epidural boluses, as well as patient satisfaction rates and mode of delivery, were not significantly different between the groups as well. Further research is warranted to confirm these findings and explore the impact of different temperatures on analgesic onset time as well as the logistical issues associated with their clinical implementations.

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Temponeras, Ioannis, Lykourgos Chiniadis, Athanasios Papakyriakou, and Efstratios Stratikos. "Discovery of Selective Inhibitor Leads by Targeting an Allosteric Site in Insulin-Regulated Aminopeptidase." Pharmaceuticals 14, no. 6 (2021): 584. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ph14060584.

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Insulin-Regulated aminopeptidase (IRAP) is a zinc-dependent aminopeptidase with several important biological functions and is an emerging pharmaceutical target for cognitive enhancement and immune system regulation. Aiming to discover lead-like IRAP inhibitors with enhanced selectivity versus homologous enzymes, we targeted an allosteric site at the C-terminal domain pocket of IRAP. We compiled a library of 2.5 million commercially available compounds from the ZINC database, and performed molecular docking at the target pocket of IRAP and the corresponding pocket of the homologous endoplasmic reticulum aminopeptidase 1 (ERAP1). Of the top compounds that showed high selectivity, 305 were further analyzed by molecular dynamics simulations and free energy calculations, leading to the selection of 33 compounds for in vitro evaluation. Two orthogonal functional assays were employed: one using a small fluorogenic substrate and one following the degradation of oxytocin, a natural peptidic substrate of IRAP. In vitro evaluation suggested that several of the compounds tested can inhibit IRAP, but the inhibition profile was dependent on substrate size, consistent with the allosteric nature of the targeted site. Overall, our results describe several novel leads as IRAP inhibitors and suggest that the C-terminal domain pocket of IRAP is a promising target for developing highly selective IRAP inhibitors.

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Zhao, Xu Dong, Shi Ying Liu, Shu Feng Song, and Pei You Xiong. "Optimization of Piston Structure Aimed at Reducing Oil Consumption." Advanced Materials Research 146-147 (October 2010): 522–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.146-147.522.

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Oil consumption of one certain diesel engine has been reduced by optimizing piston structure and piston kids clearance. The oil consumption principle inside the liner of engine was analyzed. Engine test was applied to validate the effect of the optimization. Due to the analysis, enlarge the pressure grads between piston top land and the 2nd land can push the 1st ring to the groove downside steadily. Adding or enlarging oil containing pocket above and below oil ring groove can reduce the oil pressure in these areas. Reasonable and large clearance between piston top land and cylinder liner help the gas burn completely.

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Tang, Yun Long, Guo Lei Zheng, Bao Rui Du, and Shu Lin Chen. "Tool Path Generation for Top Planar Surface of Ribs in Aircraft Structural Parts." Advanced Materials Research 630 (December 2012): 315–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.630.315.

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In order to solve the problem regarding the rapid NC machining programming for top planar surface of ribs in aircraft structural parts, an approach based on skeleton extraction technique is presented here to generate tool path for top planar surface. Firstly, the constrained Delaunay triangulation is built to split the rib top planar surface into several sub areas and approximate skeleton branch of each sub area is extracted. Then based on these skeleton branches and process scheme, the set of machining cells of the rib top planar surface is constructed. Secondly, the problem on determining the sequence of machining cells is resolved by optimizing the machining path. Finally, the sequence of machining cells can be converted into the machining cells chain from which tool path can be calculated by CAM systems. Based on the experimental results of the comparison between the generalized pocket method and our approach, our approach is found to be more efficient in generating tool path for top planar surface of ribs.

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Deore, Sunita, Vinod Wagh, Ujjwala Thube, Nandu Kayande, and Harshal Tare. "In-silico Discovery of Potential Mycobacterium tuberculosis Cell Division Protein FtsZ Inhibitors: A Natural Ligand Piperine-Derived 3-Point Pharmacophore Screening and Structure-Guided Blind Docking Study." INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL QUALITY ASSURANCE 15, no. 01 (2024): 351–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.25258/ijpqa.15.1.56.

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This research employs a computational strategy to identify potential inhibitors against Mycobacterium tuberculosis FtsZ, a crucial cell division protein. The crystal structure of FtsZ was meticulously validated, serving as the foundation for pharmacophore-based virtual screening and subsequent molecular docking simulations. Piperine, a natural ligand derived from black pepper, guided the development of a 3-point pharmacophore model, which successfully screened a diverse chemical database. Ten top-ranking compounds emerged with promising pharmacophore scores, demonstrating potential interactions with the FtsZ binding site. Molecular docking simulations revealed specific compounds, including ZINC000012440615 and ZINC000014658239, displaying consistent preferences for pocket C5 and C1, respectively. The structural analysis of FtsZ unveiled a diverse set of pockets (C1–C5) with varying volumes and sizes, emphasizing the complexity of the protein’s architecture. These findings provide crucial insights into potential inhibitors for further experimental validation and drug development against M. tuberculosis.

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Bertron, Caroline. "Educating Inheritors. Economic Socialization in Swiss International Boarding Schools." Swiss Journal of Sociology 50, no. 2 (2024): 209–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.26034/cm.sjs.2024.6037.

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In the context of the increased concentration of wealth at the top of the social spectrum, the article studies the role of economic inheritance in the education of elites. The article relies on a study at several international boarding schools based in Switzerland to explore wealth-related school policies (notably through pocket money and philanthropy), economic socialization, and their impact on students’ self-identifications as a privileged elite.

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Smith, Justin, Justin Yu, Louisa G. Gordon, and Madhavi Chilkuri. "Financial Toxicity and Out-of-Pocket Costs for Patients with Head and Neck Cancer." Current Oncology 30, no. 5 (2023): 4922–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/curroncol30050371.

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Aim: To quantify financial toxicity and out-of-pocket costs for patients with HNC in Australia and explore their relationship with health-related quality of life (HRQoL). Methods: A cross-sectional survey was administered to patients with HNC 1–3 years after radiotherapy at a regional hospital in Australia. The survey included questions on sociodemographics, out-of-pocket expenses, HRQoL, and the Financial Index of Toxicity (FIT) tool. The relationship between high financial toxicity scores (top quartile) and HRQoL was explored. Results: Of the 57 participants included in the study, 41 (72%) reported out-of-pocket expenses at a median of AUD 1796 (IQR AUD 2700) and a maximum of AUD 25,050. The median FIT score was 13.9 (IQR 19.5) and patients with high financial toxicity (n = 14) reported poorer HRQoL (76.5 vs. 114.5, p < 0.001). Patients who were not married had higher FIT scores (23.1 vs. 11.1, p = 0.01), as did those with lower education (19.3 vs. 11.1, p = 0.06). Participants with private health insurance had lower financial toxicity scores (8.3 vs. 17.6, p = 0.01). Medications (41%, median AUD 400), dietary supplements (41%, median AUD 600), travel (36%, median AUD 525), and dental (29%, AUD 388) were the most common out-of-pocket expenses. Participants living in rural locations (≥100 km from the hospital) had higher out-of-pocket expenses (AUD 2655 vs. AUD 730, p = 0.01). Conclusion: Financial toxicity is associated with poorer HRQoL for many patients with HNC following treatment. Further research is needed to investigate interventions aimed at reducing financial toxicity and how these can best be incorporated into routine clinical care.

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Omar, A. A., H. N. Newman, J. Bulman, and J. Osborn. "Darkground microscopy of subgingival plaque from the top to the bottom of the periodontal pocket." Journal of Clinical Pharmacy and Therapeutics 17, no. 6 (1992): 364–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2710.1992.tb00794.x.

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Omar, A. A., H. N. Newman, J. Bulman, and J. Osborn. "Darkground microscopy of subgingival plaque from the top to the bottom of the periodontal pocket." Journal of Clinical Periodontology 17, no. 6 (1990): 364–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-051x.1990.tb00032.x.

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Muhseen, Ziyad Tariq, Mustafa Hussein Ali, Nawar Rushdi Jaber, Dheyaa Shakir Mashrea, Ali Mamoon Alfalki, and Guanglin Li. "Determination of Novel Anti-Cancer Agents by Targeting OGG1 Enzyme Using Integrated Bioinformatics Methods." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 24 (2021): 13290. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph182413290.

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The 8-oxoguanine DNA glycosylase (OGG1) enzyme is a key DNA glycosylase mediating the excision of 7,8-dihydro-8-oxoguanine (8-oxoG) from DNA molecule to the start base excision repair pathway. The OGG1 glycosylase function depletion has been seen to obstruct pathological conditions such as inflammation, A3 T-cell lymphoblastic acute leukemia growth, and neurodegenerative diseases, thus warranting OGG1 as an attractive anti-cancer enzyme. Herein, we employed several drug libraries intending to screen non-toxic inhibitory molecules against the active pocket of the enzyme that achieved stable binding mode in dynamics. Two anti-cancer compounds ([O-]C1=C(CC2=CC=CC=C2)SC(=[N+]1CC(=O)NC3=NC=C(CC4=CC=CC=C4)S3)S and CCCN(CCC)[S]-(=O)(=O)C1=CC=C(C=C1)C(=O)NNC2=NC3=CC=C(Br)C=C3C(=N2)C4=CC=CC=C4) from Selleckchem.com were identified to occupy the active pocket of OGG1 and bind with greater affinity than Control TH5487. The binding affinity of Top-1 is −11.6 kcal/mol while that of Top-2 is −10.7 kcal/mol in contrast to TH5487 Control (−9 kcal/mol). During molecular dynamic simulations versus time, the said compounds are tightly held by the enzyme with no minor structural deviations reported except flexible loops in particular those present at the N and C-terminal. Both the compounds produced extensive hydrophobic interactions with the enzyme along with stable hydrogen bonding. The docking and molecular dynamics simulations predictions were further validated by molecular mechanics with generalized Born and surface area solvation (MM/GBSA) and Poisson Boltzmann surface area (MM/PBSA), and WaterSwap binding energies that validated strong binding of the compounds to the enzyme. The MM/GBSA binding free energy for Top-1 complex is −28.10 kcal/mol, Top-2 complex is −50.14 kcal/mol) and Control is −46.91 kcal/mol while MM/PBSA value for Top-1, Top-2 and Control is −23.38 kcal/mol, −35.29 kcal/mol and −38.20 kcal/mol, respectively. Computational pharmacokinetics support good druglike candidacy of the compounds with acceptable profile of pharmacokinetics and very little toxicity. All these findings support the notion that the compounds can be used in experiments to test their anti-cancer activities.

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Barnawi, Jameel. "Molecular docking analysis of sphingosine kinase 1 inhibitors for cancer management." Bioinformation 19, no. 5 (2023): 571–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.6026/97320630019571.

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Sphingosine kinase 1 (SK1) catalyses the conversion of sphingosine to the signalling mediator sphingosine 1-phosphate. This is essential for cell survival and proliferation. SK1 is frequently overexpressed in various cancer types, promoting tumor progression. SK1 has been well documented as a promising target for anticancer therapy. In this study, a virtual screening approach was used to screen a total of 1068 natural compounds, with the aim of identifying potential inhibitors of SK1. The top hit compounds, namely CNP0296172, CNP0368143, CNP0380570, and CNP0290815, were selected based on their strong binding affinity and specificity towards the SK1 binding pocket. Notably, these selected hit compounds exhibited a higher affinity towards the SK1 binding pocket when compared to the positive control compound (PF-543). Furthermore, these compounds were found to meet the necessary drug like criteria, thus rendering them suitable candidates for further experimental validation as potential anticancer agents.

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SACHS, BENJAMIN. "Extortion and the Ethics of “Topping Up”." Cambridge Quarterly of Healthcare Ethics 18, no. 4 (2009): 443–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0963180109090653.

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In November 2008 Professor Mike Richards issued his much awaited review of the British Department of Health's policy on out-of-pocket payments (“top-ups”) for drugs not approved as cost effective by the National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence (NICE). The policy stated, or had been construed as stating, that those who top up thereby became ineligible for further National Health Service (NHS) treatment for the condition targeted by the drug. For instance, if a lung cancer sufferer bought Avastin, which is not NICE approved, she could no longer receive free treatment for her cancer on the NHS's tab. Richards, the National Cancer Director, recommended that the policy be repealed. From an ethical point of view, this change should be enthusiastically welcomed.

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Braun, M. J., Y. M. Zhou, and F. K. Choy. "Transient Flow Patterns and Pressures Characteristics in a Hydrostatic Pocket." Journal of Tribology 116, no. 1 (1994): 139–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2927030.

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The flow in an open lid, shear flow driven cavity with a jet penetrating at its bottom is described by a mathematical model that uses the Navier-Stokes equations written in terms of the primary variables, u, v, and p. Using a time dependent conservative formulation, a finite difference method is applied through a staggered grid. The power law scheme is used in the treatment of the convective terms for this highly recirculating flow. The time dependent numerical experiments use both geometric (α = d/l, λ = c/l and γ = b/l), and dynamic similarity parameters [Reynolds number (R) and jet strength (F)] to study the development of the flow patterns, velocities, pressures and shear forces when the top plate impulsively entrains the cavity driving shear layer. The experiments are performed in two-dimensional cavities of square geometry (α = 1). The discussion pertaining to the convergence of the numerical scheme and the computational error shows that the strict convergence criteria applied to both velocities and pressures were successfully satisfied.

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Opeloyeru, Olaide Sekinat, Nurudeen Abiodun Lawal, and Kehinde Kabir Agbatogun. "Healthcare Financing and Health Outcomes: Analysis of Oil-Producing Countries in Africa." Management & Economics Research Journal 3, no. 2 (2021): 88–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.48100/merj.2021.158.

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The major concern of the study is on healthcare financing and health outcomes in the major oil-producing countries in Africa. We used the data sorted from World Development Indicators (WDI) to identify the effect of four different health expenditures on the rate of mortalities on maternal, under-five, infant, neonatal and life expectancy at birth through random and fixed-effect models. This paper also takes cognizance of the environmental variable (pollution) that is common to the top 10 oil-producing countries in Africa. Our findings showed that high health expenditure from government, private and external sources improved health outcomes, while health expenditure from out of pocket is detrimental to health outcomes. Also, the environmental variable has a negative impact on life expectancy. The outcome of the paper indicated that there is a need to reduce environmental pollution, increase health expenditure from government, private, external sources and reduce out of pocket payments in the selected areas.

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Ganai, P., R. K. Pandey, and J. K. Dutt. "Performance improvement of foil air journal bearing employing micro-pocket and textures on top compliant surface." Surface Topography: Metrology and Properties 9, no. 2 (2021): 025045. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/2051-672x/ac0ba1.

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Singh, Khuraijam Dhanachandra, Zaira P. Jara, Terri Harford, et al. "Novel allosteric ligands of the angiotensin receptor AT1R as autoantibody blockers." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 118, no. 33 (2021): e2019126118. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2019126118.

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While orthosteric ligands of the angiotensin II (AngII) type 1 receptor (AT1R) are available for clinical and research applications, allosteric ligands are not known for this important G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR). Allosteric ligands are useful tools to modulate receptor pharmacology and subtype selectivity. Here, we report AT1R allosteric ligands for a potential application to block autoimmune antibodies. The epitope of autoantibodies for AT1R is outside the orthosteric pocket in the extracellular loop 2. A molecular dynamics simulation study of AT1R structure reveals the presence of a druggable allosteric pocket encompassing the autoantibody epitope. Small molecule binders were then identified for this pocket using structure-based high-throughput virtual screening. The top 18 hits obtained inhibited the binding of antibody to AT1R and modulated agonist-induced calcium response of AT1R. Two compounds out of 18 studied in detail exerted a negative allosteric modulator effect on the functions of the natural agonist AngII. They blocked antibody-enhanced calcium response and reactive oxygen species production in vascular smooth muscle cells as well as AngII-induced constriction of blood vessels, demonstrating their efficacy in vivo. Our study thus demonstrates the feasibility of discovering inhibitors of the disease-causing autoantibodies for GPCRs. Specifically, for AT1R, we anticipate development of more potent allosteric drug candidates for intervention in autoimmune maladies such as preeclampsia, bilateral adrenal hyperplasia, and the rejection of organ transplants.

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Fadlil, Abdul, Imam Riadi, and Achmad Nugrahantoro. "Data Security for School Service Top-Up Transactions Based on AES Combination Blockchain Technology." Lontar Komputer : Jurnal Ilmiah Teknologi Informasi 11, no. 3 (2020): 155. http://dx.doi.org/10.24843/lkjiti.2020.v11.i03.p04.

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The application of Blockchain technology has begun to be widely accommodated in industrial and business practitioner environments as a safeguard of transaction security so that now including the education sector, non-business institutions enjoy the use of this technology to support the learning process. Information on the protected Blockchain can be in the form of transactions, assets, identities, and other information packaged in digital form. Information is collected in the form of blocks that are interrelated by using the hash function as cryptographic encryption. This research uses Blockchain for online pocket money top-up transactions for students. The use of a centralized Blockchain is centralized to reduce server procurement costs, but to increase the security of transaction information, modification of each block series is carried out using the AES cryptographic approach. The results showed that the attack by inserting a Cross-Site Scripting (XSS) script if you want to know the value of the top-up transaction amount, you must be able to hack the cryptographic process. This is supported by chain validation testing to determine how many block changes have been changed.

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Gan Kim Soon, Peter, Sanjay Rampal, Soo Kun Lim, and Tin Tin Su. "Effect of socioeconomic status and healthcare provider on post-transplantation care in Malaysia: A multi-centre survey of kidney transplant recipients." PLOS ONE 18, no. 4 (2023): e0284607. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0284607.

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Introduction As the rate of end-stage kidney disease rises, there is an urgent need to consider the catastrophic health expenditure of post-transplantation care. Even a small amount of out-of-pocket payment for healthcare can negatively affect households’ financial security. This study aims to determine the association between socioeconomic status and the prevalence of catastrophic health expenditure in post-transplantation care. Method A multi-centre cross-sectional survey was conducted in person among 409 kidney transplant recipients in six public hospitals in the Klang Valley, Malaysia. Catastrophic health expenditure is considered at 10% out-of-pocket payment from household income used for healthcare expenditure. The association of socioeconomic status with catastrophic health expenditure is determined via multiple logistic regression analysis. Results 93 kidney transplant recipients (23.6%) incurred catastrophic health expenditures. Kidney transplant recipients in the Middle 40% (RM 4360 to RM 9619 or USD 1085.39 –USD 2394.57) and Bottom 40% (<RM 4,360 or < USD 1085.39) income groups experienced catastrophic health expenditure compared to the Top 20% (>RM 9619 or > USD 2394.57) income group. Kidney transplant recipients in the Bottom 40% and Middle 40% income groups were more susceptible to catastrophic health expenditure at 2.8 times and 3.1 times compared to higher-income groups, even under the care of the Ministry of Health. Conclusion Universal health coverage in Malaysia cannot address the burden of out-of-pocket healthcare expenditure on low-income Kidney transplant recipients for long-term post-transplantation care. Policymakers must reexamine the healthcare system to protect vulnerable households from catastrophic health expenditures.

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Suganya, P., D. Prabu, S. Savitha, et al. "Burden of Income Tax and Health Care Inequalities in India- An Empirical Analysis." International Journal of Current Science Research and Review 05, no. 09 (2022): 3738–42. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7110278.

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Suganya P1, Prabu D2, Savitha S1, Rajmohan M3, Bharathwaj V V4, Sindhu R4, Dinesh Dhamodhar3, Sathiyapriya S4, Nimmy P1 1 Postgraduate student, Department of Public Health Dentistry, SRM dental college, Ramapuram, Chennai, India 2 Professor and Head of the Department, Department of Public Health Dentistry, SRM dental college, Ramapuram, ABSTRACT:                             Aim: The aim of this study is to evaluate the burden of income tax and health care inequalities in India. Materials and Method: The data retrieved from various electronic databases such as Google Scholar, PubMed, Science Direct, Cochrane library and other sources regarding individual income tax, allocation of GDP for health sector and the out-of-pocket expenditure of the public for the health sector among top ten GDP countries. The data were analyzed using descriptive analysis. Results: Though India ranks the fifth place in GDP, it spends only 1.4% of GDP on the health sector, which was very low when compared to top GDP countries, so the public spends more out of pocket for the health sector (67.78%), which forcibly pushes them into poverty. Conclusion: The Government should make more effort and should allot more amount of GDP for the health sector in future for the beneficiaries of people.

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Kim, Bong-Sung, Wen-Ling Kuo, David Chon-Fok Cheong, Nicole Lindenblatt, and Jung-Ju Huang. "Transcutaneous medial fixation sutures for free flap inset after robot-assisted nipple-sparing mastectomy." Archives of Plastic Surgery 49, no. 1 (2022): 29–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.5999/aps.2021.00843.

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The application of minimal invasive mastectomy has allowed surgeons to perform nipplesparing mastectomy via a shorter, inconspicuous incision under clear vision and with more precise hemostasis. However, it poses new challenges in microsurgical breast reconstruction, such as vascular anastomosis and flap insetting, which are considerably more difficult to perform through the shorter incision on the lateral breast border. We propose an innovative technique of transcutaneous medial fixation sutures to help in flap insetting and creating and maintaining the medial breast border. The sutures are placed after mastectomy and before flap transfer. Three 4-0 nylon suture loops are placed transcutaneously and into the pocket at the markings of the preferred lower medial border of the reconstructed breast. After microvascular anastomosis and temporary shaping of the flap on top of the mastectomy skin, the three corresponding points for the sutures are identified. The three nylon loops are then sutured to the dermis of the corresponding medial point of the flap. The flap is placed into the pocket by a simultaneous gentle pull on the three sutures and a combined lateral push. The stitches are then tied and buried after completion of flap inset.

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Takahashi, Kazutoshi, Masaki Imamura, Isamu Yamamoto та Junpei Azuma. "Thickness dependent band structure of α-bismuthene grown on epitaxial graphene". Journal of Physics: Condensed Matter 34, № 23 (2022): 235502. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1361-648x/ac5e06.

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Abstract Along with the great interest in two-dimensional elemental materials that has emerged in recent years, atomically thin layers of bismuth have attracted attention due to physical properties on account of a strong spin–orbit coupling. Thickness dependent electronic band structure must be explored over the whole Brillouin zone in order to further explore their topological electronic properties. The anisotropic band structures along zig-zag and armchair directions of α-bismuthene (α-Bi) were resolved using the two-dimensional mapping of angle-resolved photoemission spectra. An increase in the number of layers from 1- to 2-bilayers (BLs) shifts the top of a hole band on Γ ¯ – X ¯ 1 line to high wavenumber regions. Subsequently, an electron pocket on Γ ¯ – X ¯ 1 line and a hole pocket centred at Γ ¯ point appears in the 3 BL α-Bi. Gapless Dirac-cone features with a large anisotropy were clearly resolved on X ¯ 2 point in the 1-BL and 2-BL α-Bi, which can be attributed to the strong spin–orbit coupling and protection by the nonsymmorphic symmetry of the α-Bi lattice.

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Wang, Zixi, Lanfen Li, Yu-Hui Dong, and Xiao-Dong Su. "Structural and biochemical characterization of MdaB from cariogenicStreptococcus mutansreveals an NADPH-specific quinone oxidoreductase." Acta Crystallographica Section D Biological Crystallography 70, no. 4 (2014): 912–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s1399004713033749.

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Thesmu.1420 gene from the cariogenic pathogenStreptococcus mutansencodes a putative protein which has sequence homology to NQO [NAD(P)H:quinone oxidoreductase] family members, including mammalian NQO and bacterial MdaB (modulator of drug activity B). NQO can detoxify quinones by converting them to hydroquinones and prevent the generation of reactive oxygen species. Thus, comprehensive studies on Smu.1420 will be important for uncovering the antioxidation and antidrug mechanisms ofS. mutans. Here, the catalytic properties of Smu.1420 have been characterized, and its structure was determined in complexes with NADP+and menadione, respectively. Smu.1420 binds menadione directly and exhibits a pronounced preference for NADPH over NADH as a substrate, demonstrating that it is an NADPH-specific quinone oxidoreductase. The structure of Smu.1420 shows a compact homodimer with two substrate pockets located in the cleft of the dimer interface. The nicotinamide moiety of NADP+is bound on top of the isoalloxazine moiety of the FAD cofactor and overlaps with the binding site of menadione, suggesting a hydride-transfer process from NADPH to FAD and then to menadione. Two strongly basic patches near the substrate pocket are expected to confer the preference for NADPH over NADH. These studies shed light on future drug development against the cariogenic pathogenS. mutans.

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Daberdaku, Sebastian, and Carlo Ferrari. "Computing voxelised representations of macromolecular surfaces." International Journal of High Performance Computing Applications 32, no. 3 (2016): 407–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1094342016647114.

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Voxel-based representations of surfaces have received a lot of interest in bioinformatics and computational biology as a simple and effective way of representing geometrical and physicochemical properties of proteins and other biomolecules. Processing such surfaces for large molecules can be challenging, as space-demanding data structures with associated high computational costs are required. In this paper, we present a methodology for the fast computation of voxelised macromolecular surface representations (namely the van der Waals, solvent-accessible and solvent-excluded surfaces). The proposed method implements a spatial slicing procedure on top of compact data structures to efficiently calculate the three molecular surface representations at high-resolutions, in parallel. The spatial slicing protocol ensures a balanced workload distribution and allows the computation of the solvent-excluded surface with minimal synchronisation and communication between processes. This is achieved by adapting a multi-step region-growing EDT algorithm. At each step, distance values are first calculated independently for every slice, then, a small portion of the borders’ information is exchanged between adjacent slices. Very little process communication is also required in the pocket detection procedure, where the algorithm distinguishes surface portions belonging to solvent-accessible pockets from cavities buried inside the molecule. Experimental results are presented to validate the proposed approach.

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Aruni, A. Wilson, Francis Roy, and H. M. Fletcher. "Filifactor alocis Has Virulence Attributes That Can Enhance Its Persistence under Oxidative Stress Conditions and Mediate Invasion of Epithelial Cells by Porphyromonas gingivalis." Infection and Immunity 79, no. 10 (2011): 3872–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/iai.05631-11.

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ABSTRACTFilifactor alocis, a Gram-positive anaerobic rod, is one of the most abundant bacteria identified in the periodontal pockets of periodontitis patients. There is a gap in our understanding of its pathogenicity and ability to interact with other periodontal pathogens. To evaluate the virulence potential ofF. alocisand its ability to interact withPorphyromonas gingivalisW83, several clinical isolates ofF. alociswere characterized.F. alocisshowed nongingipain protease and sialidase activities.In silicoanalysis revealed the molecular relatedness of several virulence factors fromF. alocisandP. gingivalis. In contrast toP. gingivalis,F. alociswas relatively resistant to oxidative stress and its growth was stimulated under those conditions. Biofilm formation was significantly increased in coculture. There was an increase in adherence and invasion of epithelial cells in coculture compared withP. gingivalisorF. alocismonocultures. In those epithelial cells, endocytic vesicle-mediated internalization was observed only during coculture. TheF. alocisclinical isolate had an increased invasive capacity in coculture withP. gingivaliscompared to the ATCC 35896 strain. In addition, there was variation in the proteomes of the clinical isolates compared to the ATCC 35896 strain. Hypothetical proteins and those known to be important virulence factors in other bacteria were identified. These results indicate thatF. alocishas virulence properties that may enhance its ability to survive and persist in the periodontal pocket and may play an important role in infection-induced periodontal disease.

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Tomisin, Happy Ogunwa. "Computational analysis of interaction between seaweed-derived bioactive compounds and human aldose reductase as antidiabetic target." Journal of Biological Engineering Research and Review 5, no. 1 (2018): 13–23. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15351670.

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Abstract: Diabetes still remains a rampaging metabolic disorder without a cure and current attentions are focused on the management of its associated complications particularly in type 2 diabetes. The enzyme aldose reductase is one of the validated therapeutic targets in this regard. Seaweeds (brown algae) are known to have beneficial effect in the control of hyperglycemia and other secondary complications of diabetes. Using in silico tools, the current study analyzed the precise interaction of selected bioactive components obtained from seaweed with aldose reductase. In the results, the compounds conveniently occupied active-site pocket flanked by the three flexible loops on top the (α/β) 8 barrel, however with varied degree of penetration (depth) and binding energy values (-5.2 kcal/mol to -9.9 kcal/mol) compared to fidarestat, the reference ligand (-9.0 kcal/mol). The favorable interaction within the catalytic pocket with less ∆G values suggests that the compounds are unique inhibitors of the protein with competitive mechanism of inhibition. Eckol showed fidarestat-comparable penetration into the cleft establishing hydrogen bonds with the partly polar anion-binding pocket residues Tyr48, His110, Leu300, Ala299, hydrophobic bonds with the aromatic amino acids Trp20 and Trp219 as well as π-stacking interactions with Trp219. Few ligands with poor active-site penetration, for instance Phlorofucofuroeckol A, are associated with poor inhibitory effect. The precise interaction patterns obtained in the current study are crucial towards understanding the mechanism responsible for the antidiabetic activity of marine brown algae while the unique binding pattern obtained may provide insights into the differences in the potency (IC50) of these algae-derived compounds.

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Mattson, Nicole, Kazuya Miyashita, Anthony Chan, et al. "Abstract 2920: Targeting integrin alpha V beta 5 heterodimer stability using a novel small molecular inhibitor for tumor suppression." Cancer Research 82, no. 12_Supplement (2022): 2920. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1538-7445.am2022-2920.

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Abstract The cell surface proteome provides a pivotal interphase that connects the intracellular signaling with external environments, which may harbor molecular targets for therapeutic development. To identify essential cell surface proteins in cancers, we established a CRISPR library that contains 2,910 sgRNAs targeting 582 genes encoding cell surface receptors (to cytokines, extracellular matrices [ECM], etc.), molecular channels, and signaling components. We then screened this library in 3 solid cancer (MDA-MB-231, SW620, PANC1) and 3 liquid cancer (MV4-11, HUT78, CCRF-CEM) cell models expressing the Cas9 endonuclease, and observed an essential role of ITGAV (Integrin Alpha V) specifically in the solid cancer. As integrins require the dimerization between an alpha and beta subunit to function as cell surface ECM receptors, we further developed a focused CRISPR library with 650 sgRNAs targeting all 26 integrin alpha and beta subunits. This validation screen revealed a strong correlation between ITGAV and ITGB5 (Integrin Beta 5) in solid tumors. CRISPR targeting either ITGAV or ITGB5 led to attenuated cell proliferation with increased cell cycle stalling and apoptosis. Knockout of ITGAV-ITGB5 also suppressed the capacity of tumor cells to migrate and invade through the ECM, highlighting the therapeutic benefit via blocking the ITGAV-ITGB5 heterodimer. To identify novel compounds that can disrupt ITGAV-ITGB5 dimerization, we first modeled a 3D crystal structure of ITGAV (PDB ID: 3IJE) using AutoSite (Scripps) to reveal the protein surface pockets amenable to the small molecular binding. This analysis revealed an AVB pocket at the N-terminal extracellular domain of ITGAV, which is in close contact with the beta subunit. CRISPR targeting this AVB pocket abolished the ITGAV-ITGB5 heterodimers (detected by an AV-B5-complex antibody) and induced rapid cell death, rationalizing this pocket for further therapeutic development. Based on these observations, we computationally docked &gt;100,000 compounds from the NCI DTP Open Chemicals Repository using AutoDock Vina (Scripps), subsequently obtaining the top 500 binder compounds for in-lab validation, and identified a lead AVB pocket inhibitor “Cpd_2” (C32H40N4). Treatment of Cpd_2 killed tumor cells and diminished the AV-B5-complex antibody stain. Furthermore, we confirmed the capacity of Cpd_2 to dissociate ITGAV and ITGB5 on the cell surface by a NanoBRET energy transfer system. Of note, while the traditional ITGAV inhibitor cilengitide (an RGD peptide mimic) blocked the ECM interaction and detached the cells from TC dishes, they failed to dissociate the ITGAV-ITGB5 heterodimer nor induce rapid cell death. In summary, our study highlights a novel strategy of targeting the ITGAV-ITGB5 heterodimer stability by the small molecular inhibitor Cpd_2 for future anti-tumor treatment. Citation Format: Nicole Mattson, Kazuya Miyashita, Anthony Chan, Lu Yang, Sheela Pangeni Pokharel, Wei Lu, Mingli Li, Qiao Liu, Xiaobao Xu, Mingye Feng, Chun-Wei Chen. Targeting integrin alpha V beta 5 heterodimer stability using a novel small molecular inhibitor for tumor suppression [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2022; 2022 Apr 8-13. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2022;82(12_Suppl):Abstract nr 2920.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Pocket Top'

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