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1

Dolezal, James F. "Podophyllum resin and podophyllin." Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology 12, no. 4 (April 1985): 728–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0190-9622(85)80174-2.

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2

Chirumbolo, S., A. Conforti, S. Lussignoli, H. Metelmann, and P. Bellavite. "Effects of Podophyllum peltatum compounds in various preparations and dilutions on human neutrophil functions in vitro." British Homeopathic Journal 86, no. 01 (January 1997): 16–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0007-0785(97)80005-1.

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AbstractHuman blood neutrophil granulocytes (neutrophils) treated with Podophyllum peltatum L.-derived compounds exhibited an enhanced oxidative response to subsequent challenge with bacterial formyl peptides. This priming effect was concerned with superoxide anion (O2 −) release (respiratory burst). The phenomenon was observed with a potentized preparation containing, among other things, podophyllum extract (Podophyllum compositum), with Podophyllum 4x (final concentration of active principle about 0.025 μg/ml), whereas enhancement of O2 − release was not caused by homoeopathic Podophyllum 12x or other components of the complex homoeopathic preparation. Purified podophyllotoxin had the same effect at doses of 0.1–10 μg/ml, whereas doses higher than 100 μg/ml of podophyllotoxin inhibited the respiratory burst, so that pure toxin showed a typical bi-phasic dose-response curve. Similar effects were obtained with purified colchicine (1–1000 μg/ml), a microtubule-disrupting agent. No priming by a Podophyllum-derived compound was observed on neutrophils stimulated with 50 ng/ml phorbol ester. Further, both potentized podophyllum-derived compounds and pure podophyllotoxin-inhibited cellular adhesion to the serum-coated surface of culture microplates. These results show that low potencies of a drug extract have specific stimulating effects on the activation of neutrophil metabolism. The same stimulating effects are also caused by low doses of the active principle of the drug, which is an inhibitor when used at high doses.
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3

Liu, C. L., and B. H. Jiao. "LC Determination of Podophyllum Lignans and Flavonoids in Podophyllum emodi Wall.var.chinesis Sprague." Chromatographia 64, no. 9-10 (September 15, 2006): 603–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1365/s10337-006-0030-8.

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4

Duke, James A. "Mayapple Lemonade (Podophyllum peltatum L.)." Maine Naturalist 1, no. 2 (1993): 30. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3858222.

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5

Wegener, Andreas. "Schwermut bei einer Gastritis - Podophyllum." Zeitschrift für Klassische Homöopathie 32, no. 03 (April 2, 2007): 95–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-2006-938269.

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6

Chen, Huan, Mingyang Zhang, Ziping Wang, Lingqi Li, Qiqi Li, and Huai Wang. "The Effect of p53-R249S on the Suppression of Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cells Survival Induced by Podophyllum Derivatives." Anti-Cancer Agents in Medicinal Chemistry 20, no. 7 (July 3, 2020): 865–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1871520620666200218110047.

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Background: Hepatocellular Carcinoma (HCC), the second leading cause of cancer-related mortality with over half a million new cases diagnosed annually in the world, accounts for nearly 70% of cancer deaths in parts of Asia and Africa. Podophyllum, one of the important members of the lignane class of natural products derived from plants in Podophyllum peltatum L., has been shown to suppress tumor growth in various cancers. However, the effects of Podophyllum compounds on HCC and the mechanisms for its tumor-suppressive function remain unknown. Methods: A molecular docking study was employed to the analysis of the interaction between compounds and their targeted proteins. Cell proliferation was measured by MTT assay. Western blot analysis was used to evaluate protein expression. qRT-PCR was performed to assess RNA expression. Results: Molecular docking analysis was consistent with the beneficial effect of fluorine atom substituent in the 3-position of 2-aminopyridine in our previous study. Also, P-3F and D-3F displayed the most potent cytotoxicities against PLC/PRF/5 with p53-R249S and weakest inhibition of L02 (normal liver cell) growth. However, these derivatives had no effect on the suppression of HepG2 (wild-type p53) and Hep3B (p53-null) proliferation significantly. Further study showed that both compounds increase γ-H2AX expression in PLC/PRF/5 cell, along with repression of the c-Myc activation, purportedly by induction of p53 level and transcriptional activation. Conclusion: The results suggested that podophyllum derivatives containing fluorine atom in the 3-position of 2- aminopyridine could inhibit the growth of HCC harboring p53-R249S by restoring the activity of p53 with decreasing the level of c-Myc.
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7

Kluska, Magdalena, and Katarzyna Woźniak. "Natural Polyphenols as Modulators of Etoposide Anti-Cancer Activity." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 22, no. 12 (June 20, 2021): 6602. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms22126602.

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Polyphenols are naturally occurring compounds found in abundance in fruits and vegetables. Their health-promoting properties and their use in the prevention and treatment of many human diseases, including cancer, have been known for years. Many anti-cancer drugs are derived from these natural compounds. Etoposide, which is a semi-synthetic derivative of podophyllotoxin, a non-alkaloid lignan isolated from the dried roots and rhizomes of Podophyllum peltatum or Podophyllum emodi (Berberidaceae), is an example of such a compound. In this review, we present data on the effects of polyphenols on the anti-cancer activity of etoposide in in vitro and in vivo studies.
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8

Xiao, Jian, Xiao-Wei Cong, Gui-Zhen Yang, Ya-Wen Wang, and Yu Peng. "Stereoselective synthesis of a Podophyllum lignan core by intramolecular reductive nickel-catalysis." Chemical Communications 54, no. 16 (2018): 2040–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c8cc00001h.

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9

Zhigunov, O. Yu, and I. E. Anishchenko. "PODOPHYLLUM L. AS A PROMISING RARE SHADE-LOVING CULTURE." Izvestia Ufimskogo Nauchnogo Tsentra RAN, no. 2 (July 20, 2018): 32–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.31040/2222-8349-2018-0-2-32-35.

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10

Avadhani, Kavitha, Padmamalini Mahendradas, Rohit Shetty, and Bhujang K. Shetty. "Topical Podophyllum-induced Toxic Anterior Uveitis." Ocular Immunology and Inflammation 19, no. 2 (March 23, 2011): 118–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/09273948.2010.551446.

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11

Edwards, W. Thomas. "Intraspinal Opiates in Patients Receiving Podophyllum." Anesthesia & Analgesia 72, no. 3 (March 1991): 413. http://dx.doi.org/10.1213/00000539-199103000-00032.

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12

Vogt, Paul. "Mandragora und Podophyllum bei der Leberzirrhose." Allgemeine Homöopathische Zeitung 216, no. 01 (April 12, 2007): 12–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-2006-935599.

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13

Braun, Artur. "Podophyllum bei Diarrhö nach saurer Milch." Zeitschrift für Klassische Homöopathie 22, no. 06 (April 2, 2007): 235. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-2006-937885.

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14

Wantke, F., C. M. Demmer, M. Göutz, and R. Jarisch. "Podophyllum: an irritant on patch testing." Contact Dermatitis 29, no. 5 (November 1993): 274–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0536.1993.tb03567.x.

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15

Puri, H., and S. Jain. "Ainsliaea latifolia:An Adulterant of Indian Podophyllum." Planta Medica 54, no. 03 (June 1988): 269. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-2006-962428.

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16

Broomhead, A. Jane, Maiada M. A. Rahman, Paul M. Dewick, David E. Jackson, and John A. Lucas. "Matairesinol as precursor of Podophyllum lignans." Phytochemistry 30, no. 5 (January 1991): 1489–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(91)84194-w.

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17

Arumugam, N., and Sant S. Bhojwani. "Somatic embryogenesis in tissue cultures of Podophyllum hexandrum." Canadian Journal of Botany 68, no. 3 (March 1, 1990): 487–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/b90-065.

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In vitro multiplication of Podophyllum hexandrum Royle (Podophyllaceae) via somatic embryogenesis is reported. The callus derived from zygotic embryos on Murashige and Skoog medium containing 2 μM BA and 0.5μM IAA differentiated globular embryos. On this medium the globular embryos continued to multiply but failed to mature. Further development of the embryos occurred if the sucrose level in the basal medium was raised to 6% or the medium was supplemented with 1–10 μM NAA. Light and temperatures higher than 25 °C suppressed embryogenesis. Embryogenic potential of the callus has been maintained for over 20 months through subcultures. The somatic embryos developed into plantlets on the basal medium. Key words: endangered species, podophyllotoxin, Podophyllum, somatic embryogenesis.
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18

Li, Yongfei, Mie Chen, Bowen Yao, Xun Lu, Xiaoqing Zhang, Peng He, Shauna N. Vasilatos, Xiaomei Ren, Weihe Bian, and Chang Yao. "Transferrin receptor-targeted redox/pH-sensitive podophyllotoxin prodrug micelles for multidrug-resistant breast cancer therapy." Journal of Materials Chemistry B 7, no. 38 (2019): 5814–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c9tb00651f.

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19

Bleul, Gerhard. "Campylobacter-Enteritis." Allgemeine Homöopathische Zeitung 264, no. 03 (May 2019): 27–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/a-0872-8553.

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ZusammenfassungRetrospektiv wurden 6 Fälle von Campylobacter-Enteritis auf eine effektive homöopathische Therapie untersucht. Schnelle Besserung trat unter Arsenicum album, Bryonia alba aut dioica, Cuprum arsenicosum und Guajacum officinale ein. Podophyllum peltatum war weniger effektiv.
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20

Marques, Joaquim V., Doralyn S. Dalisay, Hong Yang, Choonseok Lee, Laurence B. Davin, and Norman G. Lewis. "A multi-omics strategy resolves the elusive nature of alkaloids in Podophyllum species." Mol. BioSyst. 10, no. 11 (2014): 2838–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c4mb00403e.

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Advanced metabolomics/metabolite imaging in situ, transcriptome sequencing, and bioinformatics enabled discovery and localization of a previously undetectable biochemical pathway to aporphine alkaloids in Podophyllum hexandrum/peltatum. This discovery settles a century old enigma.
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21

Bittencourt Júnior, Paulo Ivo Homem de. "Revisão bibliográfica sobre espécies do genero Podophyllum." Revista Brasileira de Farmacognosia 1, no. 2 (December 1986): 210–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0102-695x1986000200013.

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22

Lukashuk, S. P. "BIOELEMENTAL COMPOSITION OF FRUITS OF PODOPHYLLUM HEXANDRUM." Pharmacy & Pharmacology 2, no. 5(6) (September 14, 2015): 8. http://dx.doi.org/10.19163/2307-9266-2014-2-5(6)-8-10.

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23

Samanta, N., K. Kannan, M. Bala, and H. C. Goel. "Radioprotective mechanism of Podophyllum hexandrum during spermatogenesis." Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry 267, no. 1/2 (December 2004): 167–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/b:mcbi.0000049375.34583.65.

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24

E. Jackson, David, and Paul M. Dewick. "Tumour-inhibitory aryltetralin lignans from Podophyllum pleianthum." Phytochemistry 24, no. 10 (January 1985): 2407–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0031-9422(00)83052-6.

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25

Shukla, Sandeep Kumar, Pankaj Chaudhary, Indracanti Prem Kumar, Farhat Afrin, Satish Chandra Puri, Ghulam Nabi Qazi, and Rakesh Kumar Sharma. "Cytotoxic and radioprotective effects of Podophyllum hexandrum." Environmental Toxicology and Pharmacology 22, no. 1 (July 2006): 113–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.etap.2006.01.001.

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26

MITRA, J., and A. K. MITRA. "ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Podophyllum Lignan Analogues." ChemInform 23, no. 40 (August 21, 2010): no. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/chin.199240275.

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27

Kitchlu, S., G. Ram, Sushma Koul, Kiran Koul, K. K. Gupta, and Ashok Ahuja. "Podophyllum lignans array of Podophyllum hexandrum Royle populations from semi-desert alpine region of Zanskar valley in Himalayas." Industrial Crops and Products 33, no. 3 (May 2011): 584–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.indcrop.2010.12.010.

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28

Nadeem, Mohammad, Salim Khan, Mohammad Akmal, Mauji Ram, Fahad Al‐Qurainy, and Malik Zainul Abdin. "Genetic diversity and podophyllotoxin analysis of Podophyllum hexandrum from Indian central Himalaya." South Asian Journal of Experimental Biology 2, no. 2 (May 10, 2012): 51–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.38150/sajeb.2(2).p51-56.

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Genetic diversity among and within 10 populations of Podophyllum hexandrum was analyzed for precise assessments of genetic structure for conservation planning of wild Indian May apple (Podophyllum hexandrum) in the Central region of Himalayas. Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD) studies revealed variability among and within population. Twenty primer sets were evaluated, 18 primers resulted in low and poor polymorphism,where as two gave better results which were counted for final analysis. We found a higher podophyllotoxin levels among the populations. However, the existing variation in podophyllotoxin content among the populations may be due to geographical location, altitude and habitat. It was difficult to ascertain these variations as genetic variations. Whereas morphological variations may have impact on podophyllotoxin content detected in different populations of P. hexandrum. Hence we recommend that any further cultivation of this species require optimization of environmental factors in order to increase the rate of production of podophyllotoxin from any collected population.
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29

Chaudhari, Sunbal Khalil. "Podophyllum hexandrum: An endangered medicinal plant from Pakistan." Pure and Applied Biology 3, no. 1 (March 10, 2014): 19–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.19045/bspab.2014.31003.

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30

Schwartz, James, and Scott A. Norton. "Useful plants of dermatology. VI. The mayapple (Podophyllum)." Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology 47, no. 5 (November 2002): 774–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1067/mjd.2002.125081.

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31

Anand, Uttpal, Protha Biswas, Vinay Kumar, Durga Ray, Puja Ray, Verity I. P. Loake, Ramesh Kandimalla, et al. "Podophyllum hexandrum and its active constituents: Novel radioprotectants." Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy 146 (February 2022): 112555. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biopha.2021.112555.

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32

Gnaiger-Rathmanner, Jutta. "Podophyllum – eine „kleine“ Krebsarznei mit bedeutender psychischer Ätiologie." Allgemeine Homöopathische Zeitung 263, no. 03 (May 2018): 27–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/a-0591-0562.

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33

Fay, D. A., and H. W. Ziegler. "Botanical Source Differentiation of Podophyllum Resin by HPLC." Journal of Liquid Chromatography 8, no. 8 (June 1985): 1501–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01483918508067160.

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34

Forsey, Steven P., Dayananda Rajapaksa, Nicholas J. Taylor, and Russell Rodrigo. "Comprehensive synthetic route to eight diastereomeric Podophyllum lignans." Journal of Organic Chemistry 54, no. 18 (September 1989): 4280–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/jo00279a011.

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35

Van der Eycken, J., P. De Clercq, and M. Vandewalle. "Total synthesis of podophyllum lignans : an exploratory study." Tetrahedron 42, no. 15 (January 1986): 4285–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0040-4020(01)87655-9.

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36

Moraes, Rita M., Ebru Bedir, Holly Barrett, Charles Burandt Jr, Camilo Canel, and Ikhlas A. Khan. "Evaluation of Podophyllum peltatum Accessions for Podophyllotoxin Production." Planta Medica 68, no. 4 (April 2002): 341–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-2002-26740.

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37

DeMaggio, Augustus E., and Carl L. Wilson. "FLORAL STRUCTURE AND ORGANOGENESIS IN PODOPHYLLUM PELTATUM (BERBERIDACEAE)." American Journal of Botany 73, no. 1 (January 1986): 21–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/j.1537-2197.1986.tb09676.x.

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38

Atta-ur-Rahman, M. Ashraf, M. Iqbal Choudhary, Habib-ur-Rehman, and M. H. Kazmi. "Antifungal aryltetralin lignans from leaves of Podophyllum hexandrum." Phytochemistry 40, no. 2 (September 1995): 427–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(95)00195-d.

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39

Kao, Wei-Fong, Dong-Zong Hung, Wei-Jen Tsai, Kon-Ping Lin, and Jou-Fang Deng. "Podophyllotoxin Intoxication: Toxic Effect of Bajiaolian in Herbal Therapeutics." Human & Experimental Toxicology 11, no. 6 (November 1992): 480–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/096032719201100607.

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Bajiaolian ( Dysosma pleianthum), one species in the Mayapple family, has been widely used as a general remedy and for the treatment of snake bite, weakness, condyloma accuminata, lymphadenopathy and tumours in China for thousands of years. However, the textbooks of traditional Chinese medicine mention little about the toxicity of Bajiaolian. Within 1 year, the authors saw five people who manifested nausea, vomiting, diarrhoea, abdominal pain, thrombocytopenia, leucopenia, abnormal liver function tests, sensory ataxia, altered consciousness and persistant peripheral tingling or numbness after drinking infusions made with Bajiaolian. The herb was recommended by either traditional Chinese medical doctors or herbal pharmacies for postpartum recovery and treatment of a neck mass, hepatoma, lumbago and dysmenorrhoea. Podophyllotoxin is one of the main ingredients of the Bajiaolian root. The clinical manifestations observed in our patients were consistent with podophyllum intoxication. Podophyllotoxin intoxication usually results from the accidental ingestion or topical application of podophyllum resin. However, these cases of Bajiaolian intoxication were iatrogenic and results from 'therapeutic doses' of Bajiaolian cited in the textbooks of traditional Chinese medicine.
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40

Touqeer, Saad, Muhammad Asad Saeed, and Shazia Khalid. "Thin layer chromatographic study ofConocarpus lancifolius,Melaleuca decoraandSyngonium podophyllum." Research Journal of Pharmacy and Technology 8, no. 1 (2015): 74. http://dx.doi.org/10.5958/0974-360x.2015.00015.3.

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41

Lublinerówna, Karolina. "Über die Plastiden in der Eizelle von Podophyllum peltatum." Acta Societatis Botanicorum Poloniae 2, no. 4 (2017): 225–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.5586/asbp.1924.015.

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42

Ganie, Showkat Ahmad, Shajrul Amin, Rabia Hamid, Abid Hamid, Rabiya Majeed, Yasrib Qurishi, Bilal A. Zargar, Akbar Masood, and Mohammad Afzal Zargar. "Podophyllum hexandrumaqueous extract as a potential free radical scavenger." Redox Report 17, no. 2 (March 2012): 54–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1179/1351000212y.0000000004.

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43

Guo, Qi, Jianping Zhou, Zhiye Wang, and Hui Yang. "In vitro Rooting of Podophyllum Hexandrum and Transplanting Technique." Engineering 04, no. 10 (2012): 142–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.4236/eng.2012.410b037.

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44

Nudelman, Abraham, Margaretta Ruse, Hugo E. Gottlieb, and Craig Fairchild. "Studies in Sugar Chemistry VII1). Glucuronides of Podophyllum Derivatives." Archiv der Pharmazie 330, no. 9-10 (1997): 285–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ardp.19973300904.

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45

Siddique, M. A. A., B. A. Wafai, and U. Dhar. "Chromosome complement and nucleolar organization in Podophyllum hexandrum Royle." Genetica 82, no. 1 (1990): 59–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00057675.

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46

Zhang, Qian, Jianjun Chen, and Richard J. Henny. "Regeneration of Syngonium podophyllum ‘Variegatum’ through direct somatic embryogenesis." Plant Cell, Tissue and Organ Culture 84, no. 2 (November 9, 2005): 181–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11240-005-9019-5.

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47

Lublinerówna, Karolina. "O rozwoju okryw zalążkowych i nasiennych w rodzaju Podophyllum [Recherches sur le développement des téguments ovulaires et séminaun dans le genre Podophyllum]." Acta Societatis Botanicorum Poloniae 3, no. 2 (2017): 277–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.5586/asbp.1925.016.

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48

Zulfiqar, Faisal, Adnan Younis, and Jianjun Chen. "Biochar or Biochar-Compost Amendment to a Peat-Based Substrate Improves Growth of Syngonium podophyllum." Agronomy 9, no. 8 (August 16, 2019): 460. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agronomy9080460.

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Increasing demand for sustainable and low-cost alternatives to peat is a challenge in the production of container-grown plants. Biochar (BC) and compost, as eco-friendly materials, could be used to completely or partially substitute for peat. However, information regarding plant responses to the substitution is limited. This study evaluated effects of the amendment of a BC or a BC-compost mixture (BioComp) to a peat-based substrate at 20% by volume on the growth of Syngonium podophyllum. BC was pyrolyzed from wheat straw at 350 °C. Compost was made from farm green waste. BC or BioComp amendment elevated the pH and electrical conductivity of formulated substrates and improved plant growth. Concentrations of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, and chlorophyll in leaves and the net photosynthetic rate of plants grown in BC or BioComp amended substrates were significantly higher than those grown in the control substrate. Total soluble protein and total phenolic contents were greater in plants grown in BC- or BioComp-amended substrates as well, but no significant difference occurred in reactive oxygen-related enzymatic activities, reducing power or proline contents across substrates. Our results show that BC or BioComp can be used to replace 20% of peat by volume, and such replacement enhanced S. podophyllum growth.
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49

Zhao, Liang, Julien B. Bachelier, Xiao-hui Zhang, and Yi Ren. "Floral organogenesis in Dysosma versipellis (Berberidaceae) and its systematic implications." Botany 94, no. 5 (May 2016): 359–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjb-2016-0019.

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The Berberidaceae and the six other families of Ranunculales form a sister clade to all other eudicots, and are crucial to reconstructing the common ancestor of flowering plants. Previous studies have suggested that the petals of most Berberidaceae are derived from stamens, and some are thought to develop petals from common petal/stamen primordia. However, the flower ontogeny is still poorly known in the family and the presence of common primordia needs to be re-evaluated from a comparative developmental perspective. Here, we used scanning electron microscopy to study the floral development of the endemic Chinese species Dysosma versipellis (Hance) M. Cheng ex Ying, which was originally placed in Podophyllum. Our results show that the floral organs are all free and the sepals, petals, and stamens are initiated centripetally in successive and alternate trimerous pairs of whorls around a single carpel. The nectarless petals are initiated separately and do not develop from common primordia with the stamens. Floral and developmental features of D. versipellis are similar to those of most members of Berberidaceae. The regular development of multiple flowers and absence of a secondary increase in the number of stamens in Dysosma support its exclusion from Podophyllum, and this is also inferred by the DNA sequence data.
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50

Singh, Pardeep, and A. Sharma. "Phytosociological analysis of Herbaceous layer in the Temperate Forests of Gurez Valley of Jammu & Kashmir." Journal of Non-Timber Forest Products 20, no. 2 (June 1, 2013): 103–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.54207/bsmps2000-2013-011e61.

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The present study was conducted with a view to access the present status of diversity of herbaceous layer of Gurez valley. The study area is highly rich in non-timber forest products like Saussurea costus, Artemisia spp., Podophyllum hexandrum, Aconitum heterophyllum, Jurinea macrocephala and many other such plants which are very important for their high medicinal value. An attempt has been made to study the phytosociological status of the herbaceous layer of the Gurez valley.
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