Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Poésie lyrique française'
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Andersson, Benedikte. "L'invention lyrique : visages d'auteur, figures du poète et voix lyrique chez Ronsard." Paris 3, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002PA030085.
Full textIn their concern to promote the dignity of common language literature, Renaissance poets restore the ancient category of the lyric. Like Horace, Ronsard defines his lyrical identity and constructs his poetics through an emulation of the lyrical poets of antiquity. In 1550, faithful to the multifaceted musical poetics of Pindar and to the Horatian model of autobiographical subjectivity, Ronsard aims at giving birth to French lyrical poetry in writing his odes. Then, inspired notably by the discovery of the pseudo-Anacreon, he promotes a new conception of lyrical poetry, open to diverse forms and based on voice rather than musical form. Hence, the lyrical voice in Ronsard's poetry creates a resounding echo in his work which puts an end to a purely generic and hypertextual conception of lyrical poetry. The primacy of voice establishes the poet's authority and is to be observed in mythology, in the images of inspiration and in enunciative polyphony. It contributes to Ronsard's literary canonization which provides the model for a new lyricism. At the same time a form, a genre and a mode, the Ronsardian lyrical category is at the junction of ancient and modern lyrical poetics
Peterlongo, Daria. "Les pièces d'inspiration "populaire" dans la lyrique d'oc et d'oi͏̈l au Moyen Age : étude de thématique, de métrique et de folklore." Paris 4, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993PA040166.
Full textThe aim of this study is to give a new meaning to the word "popular" in the French lyric of oc and oil throughout the middle ages. This denomination - as well as the denomination of "popularizing" - is ascribed to genres that overlooked traditions of the great chant courtois. Such are the lyric poems of woman chanson d'ami and chanson de malmariée - as well as lyrics poems for dancing. It is simple poetry that expresses immediate and natural feelings. This situations brought forward are familiar; the characters speak clearly in an easy to understand language. The metrical and musical structures are in harmony with the thematic and the expressive form, and often are even simpler. A chorus, deriving probably from the choregraphic structure characterizes all of these poems: this collective implication in the work gives a character peculiar to these compositions. Thematic, metric and folklore are the actual subject of our research in these poems. They can be found also in foreign literature of that time as well as in the later folkloric aditions. In this respect, a comparative analysis has put in evidence the similarities and differences, chronologically and geographically
Puff, Jean-François. "Mémoire de la mémoire : Jacques Roubaud et la lyrique médiévale." Paris 3, 2003. http://ezproxy.normandie-univ.fr/login?url=https://www.classiques-garnier.com/numerique-bases/garnier?filename=jpfMS01.
Full textJacques Roubaud's oeuvre is written at a time when the very possibility of poetry is subject to debate. Paradoxically, an ancient poetics enables him to compose his work, namely medieval lyrics or, more precisely, troubadour lyrics. Consequently, the stakes of such a paradigmatic shift must be analyzed. Roubaud's poetic works must be situated in time relative to the notions of the avant-garde and postmodernism. Moreover, its specific relationship to troubadour poetics must be established. I demonstrate that the relationship between the two poetics is based upon a firm belief in the specificity of poetry and in the distinction between poetry and other modes of expression. I stipulate that this relationship does not in any way imply that contemporary poetry and ancient poetry are identical. On the one hand, tradition enjoins us to create anew; on the other, the new affects our reception of tradition. Roubaud's singular critical reading of the trobar follows directly from these convictions. To these considerations concerning poetics and the history of poetics we must add the question of the role of memory. According to Roubaud, there is a essential link between the faculty of memory and the art of poetry. Not only is a poem memorable par excellence, but it both incarnates and activates the memory of language. These great poetic themes inform the composition of Roubaud's poetry in accordance with a poetic "project" that I propose to describe. This project is comprised of two diachronic movements. First, I reveal the formal determinations that proceed from the critical analysis of the trobar and enable us to link the different "moments" of the project, that is to say, Roubaud's great poetic works. Second, I analyze the role and representation of poetry's "primary motor" - amors - and of the dona by whom it is inspired
Mahé, Nathalie. "Le mythe de Bacchus dans la poésie lyrique de 1549 à 1600." Paris 10, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986PA100056.
Full textThe myth of Bacchus in literature was interestingly revived between the very beginnings of the Pleiades and the end of the century, for it was definitely capable of giving expression to contemporary preoccupations, to a new poetic impulse, and of favoring the advent of a new medium in poetry. Numerous traditional models, from antiquity to neo-Latin poets, not forgetting mythographists and iconography, were present in the wind of poets, without impeding them from recreating a divine image of their own. They glorified the god in various aspects. 1e the god of men. As the god of nature, he offers a vision of the world which is, at the same time concrete, cosmic and enlightening, even permitting the metamorphosis of a classical into a modern myth; as the god of wine, he maters it possible for man to overcome his weaknesses, both psychological and existential, thanks to a series of festivals, and offers an idealized vision of the poets' community life. 2e the god of mysteries and poetic inspiration sets the fundamental question of creativeness at the very center of poetry, and becomes the locus of a real poetics, through representations of the poet at work, statements of intentions, myths of fecundity and a specific way of writing (the main characteristics of which being rhythmic "copia", staging and inconstancy). A positive and fecund god, whose ambivalence, the terms of which were according to tradition, mutually exclusive, now offers, on the contrary, the very image of the reconciliation of opposites, of harmony and pacification, once all the negative elements of the classical myth had been deliberately discarded through either reduction or silence: Bacchus is one of the smiles of the French renaissance. Though discontinuous and challenged by other poetic movements, the bacchic phenomenon is characteristic as evidence of a certain poetic quest, and as the locus of a totally creative and new poetry
Rouget, François. "L'apothéose d'Orphée : l'esthétique de l'ode en France au XVIe siècle : de Sébillet à Scaliger 1548-1561." Paris 10, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993PA100082.
Full textThe subject of this thesis is to describe carefully the themes, patterns and the poetical and rhetorical structures of an essential form in Pleiade's lyricism. In the introduction, the origins of the ode are reminded from Antiquity to the XVIth century. In spite of the extreme diversity of the poems, a particular lyrical conception can be pointed out. The ode is defined by a function of praise and an evocation of a personal life. The rich use of rhetoric is essential: the odes absorb many oratorical structures, rhetorical figures and tropes in the aim to develop, to condense the meaning, and to propsoe an aesthetics of discontinuity. The amplication is also supported by the use of metrical and rythmical structures. In the appendix, a complete list of the rythmical patterns can be found
Crepiat, Caroline. "Le sujet lyrique dans la poésie du Chat Noir (1882-1897)." Thesis, Clermont-Ferrand 2, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016CLF20008.
Full textThe end of the 19th Century is a key period for the « little » literary and artistic journals, produced by avant-garde and bohemian groups. One of them, Le Chat Noir (1882-1897), created by Rodolphe Salis and Émile Goudeau to promote the famous and eponymous cabaret. Tales, humoristic texts, illustrations or poetry appear in its columns. The present thesis aims for a closer study of these poems, in the light of the crisis which troubles the literary production. It is more precisely to analyse how the notion of the lyric subject, which is considered as the « structural principle » (Käte Hamburger) of lyricism, is treated. Indeed, saying « I » seems to lose sense for these poets, not only because of a tradition that is to subvert for the « fumiste » spirit’s sake which they claim, but also because of the collective context in which they find a space of expression. However, those provocations against the lyrical « I » is also for these artists a way to question and dissect it, and even to reappropriate it, for the collective as much as the individual distinction. A mixed reflexion, based on poetic, esthetic and « sociopoétique » analysis, will lead us to define the logics, stakes and strategies of such a position
Gironce-Evrard, Marie-Anne. "La symbolique des saisons dans la poésie lyrique, en Italie, en Espagne et en France (1465-1645) : un prétexte pour dire le temps." Bordeaux 3, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000BOR30005.
Full textHirota, Satoshi. "La renaissance et l’évolution de la poésie antillaise : une analyse spatio-temporelle de la poésie d’Aimé Césaire et d’Édouard Glissant (1930-1960)." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris 8, 2021. http://www.theses.fr/2021PA080077.
Full textOur thesis analyzes the poetry of two Martinican writers, Aimé Césaire (1913-2008) and Édouard Glissant (1928-2011), from the perspective of appropriating Caribbean space (place) and time (histories). These two compatriots are often considered to be in conceptual or even ideological opposition, to the detriment of a misunderstood poetic continuum that we plan to clarify. Our spatial and temporal optics of a poetic representation underlines on the other hand a process of evolution of the Caribbean poetry that these two poets successively embodied; inclusion of the memorial in the space, inclusion of the space in the history. They are conscious of writings which each assumes, in a "solitary and solidary" way, the poetic dwelling in the place, without turning away from this last. Between the birth of the voice of Negritude (1935) and the anti-epic of modern globalization that is Les Indes (1956), these two poets broke with the history of the detour from the land, and they conquered, for the first time in the literary history in the West Indies, a poetic autonomy assumed by an organic link of the writing with the place and its histories : From the lyrical verticality of rootedness in Césaire to the epic horizontality in Glissant, the path will be described in such a way that we illuminate by following the two writers’ poetic and political trails. To inhabit poetically the world consists for these two Caribbean poets at the same time to be rooted in a place and to be open to its others, without however ignoring the histories mixed in the very place
Ceron, Sandra. "Mesure et démesure en amour dans la lyrique d'oc et d'oi͏̈l aux XIIe et XIIIe siècles." Paris 4, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994PA040161.
Full textUsing as its basis the lyric poetry written in oc and oil in the twelfth and thirteenth centuries, this thesis aims to establish the role of mesure and demesure within the love-relationship between the poet and the lady he celebrates. We shall consider separately the two levels of the etiquette of love - emotion and behaviour - in order to determine the degree to which the virtue of mesure is in evidence. Our analysis begins whit an examination of the songs of the troubadours. The first part of the thesis is dedicated to them. The three problematical questions studied in those chapters are firstly, those of the emotions - which form the intimate domain of the lover-, secondly, the expression of love, and thirdly, the behaviour in love - the public aspects of the etiquette of love. With this in mind it would seem appropriate to define what behaviour is permitted to the poet - as well as to the lady - and to assess whether degrees of culpability exist in terms of the faults commited through lack of mesure. Our study will also seek to bring to light possible links between the undisputed demesure of the love felt and the necessity of mesure in the behaviour characterised by the fin'amors. We will follow the same procedure in our study of the texts written in oil which are the subject of the second part of the thesis. Made up of compositions of a different genre, these nonetheless have as their main theme courtly love, as do the chansons de danse of the same period. A comparison of the results leads us the conclusion that the notions of mesure and demesure remain, in their original sense, a characteristic of the lyric written in oc
Guillet-Laburthe, Suzanne. "Les Hymnes de 1537 de Jean Salmon Macrin : edition, traduction et commentaire." Paris 4, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PA040177.
Full textJean Salmon Macrin (1490-1557), famous neo-latin poet, native from Loudun, in France’s Touraine region, held the position of official valet and poet from the king François the first, like his colleague Clément Marot. He was considered during his lifetime as the greatest lyric poet after the great Horatius. This book proposes an edition, a French translation and a commentary of the Hymns of 1537, a key book in Macrin’s production. In these poems, Macrin returns to a more ardent yet intimistic devotion, a sign of his shift towards family topics. Macrin’s poems are a synthesis between profane lyrism and Erasmus’ philosophy. The reader will find in this book occasion lyricism, official odes, spiritual meditations, praise to humanists, hymns to God, the virgin Mary and the saints, as well as domestic and autobiographic odes. All poems demonstrating a wonderful harmony between erudition, metric virtuosity and seekness of sincerity
Dara, Christine. "Recueils lyriques collectifs entre Orléans et Bretagne : les manuscrits B.N nouv. acq. fr. 15771 et B.N. fr. 9223." Paris 4, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003PA040141.
Full textDespite the similarities and possible existence of a common source, the B. N. Nouv. Acq. Fr. 15771 and the B. N. Fr. 9223 are two collective lyrical anthologies that have not been copied out one over the other. They offer us an aspect of what Breton poetry was like in the French language in the middle of the fifteenth century. The second part of the B. N. Fr. 9223 bears upon an important account of poetic activity in Jacques de Luxembourg-Richebourg's milieu. The first stage of our study, is the influence that had been practiced by Charles d'Orléans throughout poems known as "de concours". The thematic evolves around two axes: that of purely conventional love and that of disenchanted love which seems to have been more and more inspired by reality which, in turn, find their means of expression through the systematic use of "équivoquée" rhyme, "dérivative" rhyme and through the use of accumulatory ("accumulation") and contrapuntal ("contradiction") elements. Love and despair are almost consubstantial. In these "livres d'amour" death appears to be but an accessory, like a commonplace ornament. The "Débat du jeune et du vieux" as well as the "Débat de Vie et de Mort " that encompasses short poetry have acquired a different approch. Blosseville, Vaillant, Antoine de Cuise and Jacques de Luxembourg-Richebourg are amongst the poets that are the most represented in the anthologies mentioned above
Rabearizafy, Nestor. "Lecteur implicite et lecture virtuelle dans la poésie lyrique du XIXe siècle : Le cas de Verlaine." Montpellier 3, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998MON30013.
Full textThe lyric text is a favourite field for the germination of inscribed reading, a kind of virtual reception that can be located through the textual inscribing of the implicit reader. The text elaborates its reception through a reading contract which puts the author ant the reader into relationship, and which interaction strategies prepare the aesthetic effects that the reader is bound to realize. This practical pattern making would allow to understand some lyric attitudes in the xixth century. Romantics provokes an identificatory reading through an assimilation contract. The initiators of modem poetry emphasizes a suggestive communication in a rhetoric of connivance. Verlaine chooses an original orientation. Refusing any direct inscribing, he multiplies the verbal lines of the implicit calls which slowly confine the reader in the dizziness of uncertain words. The polyphonic interlacing of the voices stresses a poetry of sharing which pours crude feelings, and makes relevant all the notations of heartbeats. The musical dictatorship of a symphonic poetry enlarges the field of what is beyond words and succeeds to suggest the fugacity of the impressions carried out by verses. The reader is often solicited in the structure of the unachieved, and reading becomes a cooperating activity, a refusal of stillness, a constant effort to prolong lifetime in vanished freshnesses
Loiseleur-Foglia, Aurélie. "L'harmonie selon Lamartine, dans sa poésie épique et lyrique (1820-1869) : utopie d'un lieu commun." Paris 4, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003PA040128.
Full textThe publication of the Meditations, written by Alphonse de Lamartine, in 1820, produces the revival of lyricism in French litterature. These verses make a silent revolution in the poetics of the Enlightenment, although they keep carefully the ancient rules, because the notion of harmony proposes another conception of the world and of the words. Harmony consists in semantic diversity, linking together many fields that modernity has now separated : poetry, music, politics and faith. The poem is thus the mirror of History and shows the progress of humanity. Through the life of Lamartine, poet and statesman at the same time, the dream of harmony becomes present and possible and offers a commonplace idea. Utopia ? Maybe it has only taken place into the poem itself, when Lamartine's poetry aims to speak to anybody in the heart's langage, and even to God with the music of the words
Labonne-Paoli, Marie-Ange. "James Sacré ou La poésie de l'humilité." Rennes 2, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002REN20046.
Full text@James Sacré's work is reprsentative of the style of his era, but it's also very singular. There is a humility that comes from all his books, that we propose to study. Coming from the country, the poet evoques his childhood through the vendéenne topography, the farming community and "an animal" farmer worthy of those from the "Ecole de Rochefort". The learning experiences both at school and university, far from calming this humility makes it more efficient, even when the poet uses as reference the great authors like Rimbaud, Ponge or the "préclassiques". Classified among the "nouveaux lyriques", James Sacré knew nevertheless how to profit from textualism. This humility is built into his writing. Local dialect, ponctuated with silence and shouts, is reinforced by the search for an original rhythm : alternating the lengths, secondary rhythmes opening onto a sort of prose, a particular phrase. In the visuality of the poem, modesty shows safe-guards of enthusiasm, reducing space, putting limits, switched off colours and supports used to elaborate a shaky writing. The little, the least, te small can be found in the picture of the body. The texts mime the cramped, even grotesque appearance of a physical presence moving towards the other, holding back its impetuous surges, unable to control properly its movements. The humility can be explained by the will to hide behind the other whose voice directs the poem's creation. Altruist, James Sacré salutes friendship which inspires and guides. Tolerance, the acceptance of differences blossom thanks to hospitality. The beloved or the anonymous reader replaces the divinity. And the univocal word of the ancient god often turns into a dialogue which takes the epistolary form ; the otherness is solved through the will of a merging. Nevertheless, the strange remains an expression of the mistaken easiness of this poetry which knows how to play with its reader
Nakano, Yoshihiko. "La poétique du voyage dans la poésie lyrique et les textes de voyage de Victor Hugo sous la monarchie de Juillet." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017USPCC255.
Full textVictor Hugo's readers agree that he is a viewer. But what viewer is it? For this poet who travels, the action of seeing constitutes, more than a fondness, an aesthetic and poetic practice. If Hugo attaches to a beautiful landscape, it is in order to bring out the truth escaping the gaze. To put it another way, the visible reality is, for him, so governed by the hidden truth that it emphasise the existence of the subject. The evocation of a landscape is in this sense the true touchstone of the subject: the landscape represents, as inevitably, the ego that tries to participate in the principle of the universe. This is why our study was particularly concerned with landscapes of travel and poetry, in order to examine an ego or egos intertextual in Hugo. The relative rarity of the studies on the traveler is explained by a critical tradition which considers him an simple embodiment of an ego of the author. However, it can not be over-emphasized that, in spite of appearances, the I in the travel texts is protean no less than the poetic I. This thesis whose reflections are articulated around the Hugo's landscapes aims thus to show the complexity of the ego of Hugo, and to bring a new light on his lyrical poems
Basso, Hélène. "La poétique de la répétition chez Guillaume de Machaut : diffraction et réfection." Bordeaux 3, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004BOR30026.
Full textRepetitions structure medieval poetry, often called as art of variation. However, their shift of meaning and their relationship to some idea on language should be further analyzed. Therefore, we shall focus on the French lyric poetry of the XIVth century in Guillaume de Machaut's exemplary work. The interpretations on repetitions, lie in stylistic analysis of pieces of the lyric collection, leaving music aside : La Louange des dames which testifies the use of similar techniques in Machaut's narrative stories. Thus, we can say there is a poetic pattern of repetition. We shall study some poetical arts and rhetorical treatrises in order to know whether the repetitions are directly linked to Machaut or else whether rooted in cultural facts. The established doctrine shall be enlightened by the study of Machaut's recognized
Nakayama, Shintarô. "La figure du sujet lyrique dans la poésie contemporaine : Jacques Dupin, Philippe Jaccottet et Jacques Réda." Thesis, Lyon, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016LYSE2023.
Full textOur study aims to examine the figures of the lyric subject in the poetry of Jacques Dupin (1927- 2012), Philippe Jaccottet (1924-) and Jacques Réda (1928-), three major poet of the postwar whose poetic work contributed to the evolution of contemporary lyric poetry.Without neglecting the anterior and posterior work of these poets, our study will focus mainly on the works of the 1960s and 1970s. At that time, in fact, the lyric was taken in a critical situation without precedent because of the advent of the structuralism and the “textualism” proclaimed by the avant-garde. In response to textualism of 1960s and 1970s, Dupin, Jaccottet and Réda continue an obstinate search of lyricism.Our study doesn’t aim to develop global and universal criteria to define the universal characteristics of "lyric poetry" as a literary genre, nor to develop a philosophical reflection on the subject or the En-soi. Through the analysis of the figures of lyric subject, we will study the characteristics of each of our poets, as well as patterns of lyric poetry during the difficult period. The notion of "lyric subject" will serve as a parameter in order to clarify the singularity and the historical nature of the poems, and those of the poetic peculiar to each writer.Traditionally, lyric poetry is often associated with the emphasis or sentimentality. The poetry of Dupin, Jaccottet and Reda struggle to free themselves from the traditional lyricism based on the egocentricity. Lyric poetry is no more a genre that expresses the feelings and subjectivity of the poet. Our poets are looking for a new form of lyrical poetry, which is suitable for the times. The impersonality, we often find in their poetic, is associated with the production of a new form of subjectivity, far from the metaphysics of subjectivity. The refusal of some form of subjectivity coexists with the search for a singular word and the new figure of lyric subject
Seth, Catriona. "Évariste Parny (1753-1814)." Paris 4, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1994PA040260.
Full textBoth a literary and a biographical study,this thesis makes it possible tooreassess the works of Parny who is a veritable "missing link" in the history of poetry in France. .
Alduy, Cécile. "Les "Amours" en France : poétique et génèse d'un genre français nouveau (1544-1560) : le leurre de l'unité." Reims, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003REIML008.
Full textWith the success of petrarchan sonnet sequences such as Délie by Scève (1544), L'Olive by Du Bellay (1549) or the Amours by Ronsard (1552-1560), a new genre is born between 1544 and 1560: the "Amours". These works differ from other poetic collections of the time by their strong longing for formal, lyrical, stylistic and thematic unity, achieved thanks to a minute rhetorical dispositio. From their explicit model, Petrarch, to hidden sources (Venetian anthologies, Marot), the genealogy of this genre exposes the novelty of a platform that, in spite of its Italian origins, imposes a specifically French poetics of variation. The genesis of the works is then analyzed through a comparison of their successive editions. Finally, the poetics of the sonnet sequences shows how they are structured and what they signify through the tensions of their paradoxical form, at once unified and discontinuous, exploited in favor of a collective agenda, that of "Defense and Illustration of the French Tongue"
Garnier, Sylvain. "Érato et Melpomène ou les sœurs ennemies : langage poétique et poétique dramatique dans le théâtre français de Jodelle à Scarron (1553-1653)." Thesis, Paris 4, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PA040148.
Full textPoetical expression seems to be an inherent aspect of classical theatre. However, plays written in the second half of the seventeenth century, particularly the tragedies, were conceived to adhere to regular standards of form which tended towards the removal of poetic expression from theatre and which largely succeeded in doing so. To summarise this process, it is necessary to recount the history of poetic expression in plays from the advent of humanist tragedy in the mid-sixteenth century to the establishment of what would be later called « classicism ». It can then be demonstrated that lyrical elocution shifted over time from tragedy to comedy, following the same evolution as lyrical poetry which evolved from the noble style of the Pleiade all the way to Scarron’s burlesque expression, through the simplicity of Malherbe’s expression, the ingenuity of marinism, or the preciosity of the gallant style. Poetical expression thus progressively shifted from the choirs and pathetic discourses of the humanist tragedy, towards the sighs, songs, and conceits of the lovers of tragi-comedy and pastorales, before being parodied in the ridiculous manner of speech of the characters in burlesque comedy. Simultaneously, theorists of regularity theorised the fundamental opposition between poetic and dramatic language, thus making the development of a regular poetical tragedy nearly impossible
Venner, Camille. "Édition critique des "Poësies chrestiennes" (1660) d'Antoine Godeau précédée d'une introduction sur la pastorale lyrique et catholique de cet auteur." Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016LORR0191.
Full textAntoine Godeau (1605-1672) first published the Poësies Chrestiennes in 1633 in the context of the Catholic Reformation which encouraged spiritual revival. This lyric collection is emblematic of his comprehensive poetic and spiritual work. Godeau became the Bishop of Grasse in 1636 and devoted his poetic gifts to enlightening the readers. This new edition is the latest version of the Poësies Chrestiennes (1660), which is pastoral Catholic verse addressed to the socialites of the time. The versatile poet expressed himself in various forms, registers and topics to convey the Christian dogma and the Bible. The content and the purpose of the book fluctuated. The Poësies chrestiennes was thus a field for experimentation : it became Antoine Godeau's laboratory for all his pastoral and lyric work. The poet defined the principles of a poetry which was based on the conciliation of divine enthusiasm and reason, a poetry where grace and beauty met. The paraphrase of the Scriptures was an opportunity to explore the conciliation of Parnassus and Calvary, as well as the specificity of a classical poetic language in the making, endowing it with gentleness and clarity. Poetry appeared to be the ideal way to instill Christian truths in the heart of the faithful. The religious conversion of secular literary rhetoric prepared the layman to hear the poet-preacher’s vigorous speech. Antoine Godeau tempered his Augustinian anthropology by promoting a life both wordly and pious, in chime with the ideal of Christian “honnêteté”. The poet spiritualized profane aesthetics, which showed his unrelenting desire to adapt his conversion discourse to a public eager to be edified by the “delectare”
Kirschleger, Inès. "Les psaumes dans la tradition réformée, 1610-1715." Montpellier 3, 2009. http://www.biu-montpellier.fr/florabium/jsp/nnt.jsp?nnt=2009MON30068.
Full textFar from being the mere textual and literary locus of David - tke king, the prophet and the poet-musician - the psalms constitute both a mark of identity and a rallying point for the seventeeth-century Protestant community, while they also represent the unique source of a specific language and imagination. With their deep lyricism and poetry, the psalsms convey a meditative and confessional discourse ; as a vast repository of images and models of enunciation, they also map the contours of Calvinist literary aesthetics. Within the broad spectrums of its rhetorical registers and literary genres, the Protestant discourse inspired by the psalms finds answers to the century's religious, political and spiritual changes. This little-studied and much over-looked aspect of seventeeth-century literary life is essential for gaining a better understanding of Protestant spirirituality in the aftermath of the Reformation and calls attention to a century-long tradition of language and imagination shaped by the psalms. The present study also provides appendices whose aim is not only to help mapping the seventeeth century and its context, but also to highlight the literary importance of the psalms for the Protestant community
Dupré, Jocelyn. "La construction du sujet dans l'œuvre de Jacques Réda." Paris 7, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA070123.
Full textSince he published Amen in 1968, the French poet, Jacques Réda, born in 1929 in Lunéville, has put forward a type of poetry based on /-; it unfolds in verse, prose, poems, narratives and essays, but also in three books with an autobiographical extent and two novels. This first perron whose unity we posit leads us to look at the subject of the work and the way he faces time, space and others. From this trilogy, we examine how he is being chronologically shaped around these three lines in three steps: childhood, adolescence and early adulthood. Time and space are not immediately given away, but are gradually widened ; other persons offer several tracks among which the subject will have to choose. Once an adult, he has to keep on forming himself: to cope with the erosion of time, he chooses to move on from the Ruines de Paris (1977). Here he can lose himself into three different ways and recover the centre: on foot, by moped or by train. Space allows one to get around time. Time can be trapped with some tricks such as eternity enclaves or the repetition of happy scenes. Moving along streets and roads, the subject sometimes feels like "rubbing up a little against his fellow men", who are not always easy to get along with. However, he already mixes with many in books : the writing subject clearly borrows his thirst for eternity from Follain, and from Cingria he borrows the practice of moving inside his own texts. Although the material is drawn from the author's life within certain autobiographical limits, it is not ultimately Réda the individual who is in question, but rather the construction of a poetic subject. Virtuosity of language and rhythm, along with the artful use of tenses, readings and rereadings, are the means deployed in the development of a subject who merges into the text and exists through it
Torrent, Céline. "Pour une approche du ''poétique instinct'' à travers la danse, de Mallarmé à aujourd'hui. : La danse comme geste de l’avant-poème, du symbolisme mallarméen au « renouveau lyrique »." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015USPCA174.
Full textIn 1886, Mallarmé entrusted the dancer to reveal to him his own ''poétique instinct''. It will be trough this enigmatic phrase and its elucidation that we shall approach the existing link between poetry and dance in France, from Mallarmé to nowadays. All our focus in research will consist in understanding what in dance can be considered as poetic instinct and brings the poet to face his own creative instinct. First Mallarmé and Valéry will help us study how dance evolved from being a simple poetic pattern to a genuine poïetic engine during the 19th and 20th century. Dance, considered as ''écriture corporelle'', will bring these poets to see the corporal dimension of their act of writing. We shall see next that at the end of the 19th century, dance when it's freed from ballet, considers itself to be its own writing. Drawn without a trace dance is pure poïein writing and so we shall name it poïegraphic writing. We'll overrule the gap between ''classical'' and ''contemporary'' dancing with this concept of ''contempoeïn-dance'', by leaning on Wilfride Piollets theory of the ''Barres flexibles'' (''Flexible Bars''). Lastly, the ''poétique instinct'' will be explored trough the meeting of dance and ''lyrical renewal''. After studying René Chars ballet booklets we'll question the explicit presence of dance in Pascal Quignard, Jean-Michel Maulpoix and André Velters work during the 19th and 20th century. At the same time we'll consider the appearance of chorographical lyricism in dance. We will therefore see, through Mallarmés symbolism up to ''lyrical renewal'', that dance calls upon the poets ''poétique instinct'' and brings him back to the act of writing that came before the written poem, and so to the gesture of the prior-poem
Picazos, Raphaël, and Gautier d'Épinal. "Gautier d'Épinal: édition critique et commentaire." Paris 4, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004PA040053.
Full textThe goal of our research is a new edition of the poems of Gautier d'Epinal to replace the old edition Ugo Lindelöf and Axel Wallensköld, published in 1901. Following a fresh and direct study of the complete manuscript tradition, we chose U as the reference text. Among the most ancient songbooks in langue d'oïl, the structure of the U manuscript is complex, consisting of no less than three principle sections, of which the first is very old, dating no later than the 1240s. The introduction provides a description and analysis of the corpus of Gautier d'Epinal contained in the three sections, as well as situating it with the other songbooks of the tradition. Each song is preceded by a description of the metrical and musical schemas, as well as an introductory analysis of the textual tradition of each piece. The lyrics are provided with a negative critical apparatus, distributed on two levels. The upper level deals with the faults and main variations, while the lower level is dedicated to the graphical variations. The commentary aims to highlight the most notable links with the “classical" trouvères who were Gautier's contemporaries, along with some remaks of a grammatical and stylistic nature. Each piece is accompanied with a transcription of the melodies and the work is concluded with a short, selective glossary of the included 15 pieces
Lévêque-Fougre, Mélanie. "En passant par la Lorraine : poétique et milieu socio-littéraire des trouvères lorrains du XIIIe au début du XIVe siècle." Thesis, Paris 4, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA040177.
Full textLyrical poetry from Lorraine is highly prized in the thirteenth and the early first half of the fourteenth centuries. The Buffer area located between the Kingdom of France and the Germanic Empire, Lorraine has almost the same border as the duchy of Haute-Lotharingie. Trouvères who live in this area speak the same French language, share the same culture and have similar political ambitions. All of these points bring them closer to France, even though they depend politically on the Germanic Empire. The present work aims at identifying these poets thanks to a biographical approach and an analysis of social and literary networks that make it possible to uncover each poet and his background. I tried also to distinguish features of each poet and their persona created by writing. Consequently, I chose miscellaneous poems from different genres (pastourelles, jeux-partis and songs) that reveal Lorraine poetry’s variety. A comparative analysis of the themes and forms of these poems brings to light characteristics of Lorraine poetry. Nevertheless, this approach would be incomplete without a study of the poems’ reception. Actually, out of these poetic forms, comes a literary society more or less fictive in which the trouvères and their lords are side by side. This public appreciates lyrical topoï that the poet adapts cleverly and in which he finds his own picture. All things considered, public contributes to lyrical poetry’s creation. In this work, I want torepresent the poetical area of Lorraine and prove that, thanks to her literary network and to trouvères’ output, this area can be considered a veritable lyrical country, like adjoining areas, in particular Champagne and the North
Tabuteau, Nicolas. "Crises et persistance du lyrisme dans la poésie de langue française (1960-1990)." Paris 10, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA100057.
Full textIn an unpropitious historical, literary context, french language poetry into 1960 and 1990 – thanks to, for one or among others authors like Philippe Jaccottet, Jacques Réda, Lorand Gaspar, Guy Goffette, Lionel Ray, Jean-Michel Maulpoix, James Sacré, André Velter, Andrée Chedid, Anne Perrier, François Cheng – could maintain strong links with a lyrical tradition, with the orphic Way/Voice. Interrogating on new basis, the relation between the subject and the world, his “figures” sometimes diffracted to the extreme, lyricals poets have tray to traduct the expression of lack, failing of being, unrealibility of words, in a singing-phrasing frequently a minima. In this way, they have had the possibility of, beyond the thickest darkness, find again “breaks” , remains, sparing “brightnesss”, “fragments” (?) of a “Sublime” close to intimacy, nay to nothing, to Wide. The methodologicals basis – stylistic, literary criticism, phenomenology, linguistic and psychoanalysis – of the present work permit to study how lyricals of this period could elaborate original texts where integrate elements from genesis of the poem as well as the reality, “recreated”, lyric because abounding in his multiple concordances/discordances. “In the interstice”, “Between” singings and “misinsgings”, inside-outside, from miseries to marvels, from “summits” to “abysses”, from “width”, “open sea” to “shore”, on the “alchemy of live and died”…, the lyricism, “critical”(on both meaning) could, during this “time”, in spite of those crises, mercy to them, amongst the whirl of contraries, find a way to express how much each fall contain the very beginnings of a revival
Subbotina, Galina. "L'invention de soi dans la littérature romantique russe." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017USPCF030/document.
Full textIn order to study how an individual expresses and invents himself in the Russian literature of the Romantic era, it is necessary to solve the problems connected with the peculiarities of the Russian cultural field. On the one hand, the various processes that were important for individualization in Western Europe (the Renaissance, the Reformation, the Enlightenment) had in Russian history special, weakened forms. On the other hand, the secret confession, which, according to M. Foucault, is fundamental to the development of introspection in Europe, did not have much importance in the Russian Orthodox Church. In addition, autobiographical and autoreflexive practices are blocked in Russia by a variety of taboos, which are imposed by intellectual, cultural, and power circles. This raises the question of how Russian writers avoided all these limitations, when the author's self-expression had become extremely important in the European romantic literature. To answer to this question, we investigated various areas of literature, including peripheral: recognized and secondary genres, personal stories, translations, women's prose, texts written in French, etc. From this point of view, the romantic period is not just an epoch of transition, as it is often represented in the history of Russian literature, but the most important moment for affirming subjectivity in Russian culture
Tsigka, Eleni. "L'apostrophe dans la poésie romantique française : Hugo, Lamartine, Musset, Vigny." Thesis, Amiens, 2022. http://www.theses.fr/2022AMIE0002.
Full textIn our thesis we approach the concept of apostrophe in French romantic poetry and mainly in the poems of Hugo, Lamartine, Musset and Vigny. We define and analyze this phenomenon, investigate its connexions to the lyrical genre and evaluate its role as modificator of a poem and as founder of intertextuality. We also try to answer the question whether the apostrophe influences the enunciation (act of producing an utterance) or the enunciation influences the apostrophe or both. Until now we have detected only one thesis on apostrophe in Latin literary texts. There is a certain gap in the given literature about this versatile feature. We apply a rather interdisciplinary and multimethod approach so to reveal the aspects of the apostrophe and its connexions to the context and paratext; we establish our method on speech theories, on pragmatic theories, on semiotics, on stylistics and on the analysis of the grammar and syntax. We come to the conclusion that the apostrophe is synonymous to the romantic poetry and capable of affecting the enunciation in order to create an allocutaire otherwise inexistent. In romantic poetry the apostrophe is addressed even to the poetry itself; in this way it announces a metapoetry within the romantic poem and at the same time it creates a meta-metaenunciation. Sometimes the romantic poets contact each other through the apostrophes in their poems which reflect a vivid and innovating intertextuality. The apostrophe holds an illocutionary force capable of creating acts of speech; we introduce the concept of performative apostrophe. Every attempt to synthesize the aspects of the apostrophe seems vain only because the reader can detect the apostrophe but he cannot always perceive its origin and interpretation; so we proved the reader’s embarrassment. Thus, our thesis registers as part of research on literature, stylistics and semiotics so that our method of analysis of the apostrophe can be applied in other poetry movements as well
Moulière, Ludivine. "Le Poète tardif. Mélancolie, vieillesse et poétique du déclin dans l’œuvre de Philippe Jaccottet." Thesis, Pau, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019PAUU1065/document.
Full textMany critics have already noticed the omnipresence of the theme of old age in Philippe Jaccottet’s work, yet it has never been the object of a specific analysis. Ludivine Moulière’s thesis, entitled The Late Poet, Melancholy, Old Age and Poetic of Decline, written under the direction of Isabelle Chol at the laboratory Arts-Language / Transitions and Relationships of the University of Pau, fills this gap by analyzing the representations of old age within poetic and critical works. Ageing is linked to melancholy as understood in several of its meanings, along the lines of humoral theory as developed in Saturn and Melancholy (Klibansky, Panofsky, Saxl). Firstly, the work’s imaginative realm is organized through the melancholic iconology model in order to show relationships between the representation of the elements and the ages of life, seasons and temperaments. As a result, a melancholic mood is shown to shape perception into a bipolar or antithetic structure. This iconological and phenomenological approach is followed by a more historical and sociological one. The analysis of the representations of urbanity and gardens shows that nostalgia gives the form of a gradual decline to the movement of history, unlike the Enlightenment Legacy and its idea of progress, bringing Jaccottet’s historiography closer to romantic historiography. Finally, the commentary on Jaccottet’s poetic or « po-ethic » (Pinson) shows how his writing is tempered by experience of time and old age. The image of the poet as a « grave old man carrying a sickle » (Steinmetz) proves to fall within an axiological conversion of both old age and melancholy making it, on the one hand, the condition of an aspiration towards infinity and a return to finitude, and on the other hand the elaboration of the Jaccottean ethopoeia as well as the outcome of the lyrical quest for his identity
Knebusch, Julien. "L'ouverture au(x) monde(s) dans la poésie française au début du XXe siècle." Thesis, Paris 3, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA030111.
Full textThis dissertation explores the emergence of a poetics of diversity through an analysis of large and diversified journeys into the world during the first three decades of the 20th century by proceeding in an interdisciplinary way that combines history, geography, and poetics. The corpus concerns at least two generations of poets [1880 and 1900] that comprise a large ensemble of both well-known and unknown poets [such as Saint-John Perse and Levet] whose work hasn’t yet been studied deeply [Larbaud, Nau, Supervielle, Morand, Romains] or remains largely unknown to us [Durtain, Levet, Brauquier, Nau, for example]. The dissertation shows that these poets, interacting within a political, cultural, and literary context, understand the world as a global space-time and open themselves to its diversity, attempting to comprehend it in a creative tension with the « Divers ». The dissertation interrogates the literary geography of this dynamic of extroversion by concentrating on the referent and by exploring space as a modality of a relationship to the world, which makes it possible to render visible a geopoetics of journeys through the world, renewing literary forms by putting them into dialogue with geographical forms, as well as allowing a geocritique of images of the world, diversely constructed by accentuating places, journeys, or landscapes which may become international. Approaching the poem in this way allows one to reevaluate the cosmopolitanism and international culture of these poets who tried, in various ways, to conciliate openness to diversity, rootedness in places and a give culture as well as demand for world unity
Lombart, Nicolas. "Réinventer un "genre" : l'Hymne dans la poésie française de la Renaissance." Montpellier 3, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004MON30072.
Full textThe hymn, specially devoted to singing the praises of Gods in ancient pagan poetry or in ecclesiastical Christian poetry, is with the ode or the canticle one of the great lyric genres of eulogy in the XVIth century French poetry. But because of its abundance and heterogeneousness, the hymnary corpus presents two difficulties : the French hymn can take any possible shape (stanzaic or not, long or short. . . ), and it can sing the praises of a great diversity of subjects, either religious ones (Olympian deities, liturgical occasions, Christian notions. . . )or not (places, individuals, profane abstractions, events. . . ). There is no problem in giving the historical definition of the hymn : "It is a song with praise of God" wrote Saint Augustine whose definition has been taken up by the classical scholars about Greek hymns. However, when dealing with the French corpus, the problematic extension of the field covered by the praise of gods needs questioning. Far from defining an essence of the genre, the thesis proposes a pragmatical study of a large corpus of French pieces so as to set up a typology of the French hymn of the Renaissance which is regarded as the original acclimatization of both a pagan and Christian poetic inheritance. Three parts are devoted to the re-invention of the hymn : its slow emergence between 1500 and 1549 in its traditional ecclesiastical form ; its taken-up by the Brigade between 1550 and 1556 (from the ancient pagan species to the natural ronsardian hymns) ; its multiple militant takovers (both political and religious) between the 1560's and the end of the reign of Henry IV
Hélix, Laurence. "Le lyrisme marial en langue vernaculaire au XIIIe siècle : enjeux et paradoxes d'une poésie de la conversion." Amiens, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001AMIEA009.
Full textCharnier, Brigitte. "La Blanche biche : poétique et imaginaire d'une complainte traditionnelle." Grenoble 3, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008GRE39023.
Full textIn 1852 stands out the official birth of the popular song, called traditional folk song and then traditional song, which concretizes as well as possible the notion of song orally transmitted. During the XXe century, the works of the medievalists opened the way to a better understanding of the orality in the medieval epic and lyric poet, creating a bond with folklorists. If medievalists established links between folklore, myth and story, folklorists won't go further in the borrowing of terms from the medieval lyric works. Now "the White Hind", by the theme of the metamorphosis and the topos of the hunting for the white deer, is located at the crossroads of medievalists and folklorists concerns. Facing the wide range of versions and the practices of certain collectors, how to constitute a corpus answering orality criteria. Medieval linguistics and well-read versification will enable, through a comparative analysis, to eliminate the "false" versions. 18 versions will thus be used as a support to the hermeneutic analysis. The particular location of the lament, (West, East and North) requires a questioning about the spatiotemporal previous history. This stage entails a geo-linguistic and lexical analysis from which the polysemous ambiguity linked to the word "hind" stands out and would designate an animal. Tales, legends and beliefs telling about a hunting for hind reveal a constant scenario in which the hunted animal evokes the goddess-mother. The onomastic analysis of the hint's first names regarding to the songs confirms the theriomorphic aspect of the goddess. Under a Christian varnish, a heathen word reaffirming the powerness of the goddess-mother is still vivid
Reibaud, Laetitia. "L’élégie en Europe au XXe siècle : persistance et métamorphoses d’un genre littéraire antique dans les poésies européennes de langue française, allemande, anglaise, italienne, espagnole et grecque." Thesis, Paris 4, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA040239.
Full textElegy is generally believed to have disappeared from European poetry in the XXth century, after a period of apogee during the Romanticism and after the hard criticism that the “modern” poets, who rejected the “excessive” romantic lyricism, leveled at the elegiac poets. Elegy was considered by the former as the emblem of a romantic out-of-date lyricism. Lyricism and the poetry expressed in the first person remained also the target of the attacks and mockery from a part of the XXth century poets and literary critic. Yet a real revival of the genre happens since the very beginning of the XXth century, hesitant and gradual during the first half of the century, then more abundant and obvious in the second part of the period. The names of major European poets of this century are linked with the genre of elegy, and the titles of their works show it: Juan Ramon Jiménez’s Elegías (1908), Rilke’s Duineser Elegien (1923), Karyotákis’ Elegies and satires (1927), Brecht’s Hollywoodelegien (1942) and Buckower Elegien (1953), Pierre Emmanuel’s and Jean Grosjean’s Élégies (respectively 1940 and 1967), Elýtis’s Oxopetra Elegies (1991), or the three posthumous works of Nelly Sachs, Schwedische Elegien (1940), Die Elegien von den Spuren im Sande (1943) et Elegien auf den Tod meiner Mutter (1950). Born in the VIIth century B.C., the genre of elegy is well alive in the XXth. Such a longevity brings us to three questions which organize our research: which are the shapes of the elegy of the XXth century and on which definition(s) of the genre is it based? Which are the connections and balance between traditions and modernity? How does the genre of elegy outlive the attacks against lyricism and what are the characteristics of the new lyricisms which it gives birth to?
Lafond, Natacha. "La poésie moderne à l'écoute des musiques dans les oeuvres d'Yves Bonnefoy, Louis-René des Forêts, Philippe Jaccottet, Pierre Jean Jouve et Salah Stétié : pour un lyrisme baroque." Université Marc Bloch (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006STR20007.
Full textIt is thanks to the opera by Mozart, that I first studied in a DEA the link between modern poetry and music which exists in the work of four contemporary poets (Pierre Jean Jouve, Salah Stétié, Louis-René des Forêts and Yves Bonnefoy). My thesis goes further, and analyses all the musical forms which can be found in the work of those four authors, and also in the work of Philippe Jaccottet (either romantic, modern or baroque pieces, through different musical genres such as lied or opera). This research studies the different musical works listened, in order to try to define the modernity at stake in the essential link between writing and arts. It is also oriented towards pictorial and architectural art, arts which carry some metaphysical, sacred, ethical and historical values. But it also listens to the “return” of the lyricism which is specific to these 20th century's authors, to the shared choices and basements of their musical poetics, in order to draw a definition of a “new” modern lyricism: the “baroque or barosso lyricism”, which stands for committed values. This notion holds on the definition by Yves Bonnefoy, who considers that baroque is a “passionate realism”, a quest for unity in this current world and through this current world (studied in his artistic approaches). It is an open notion, non limited to its first definition, linked to the 17th century. On the contrary, it has to be confronted with the inheritance of romanticism and modernity. As a dialectical notion, it permits to study in a different way the meaning of poetical modernity, through a dialogue with the memory of the assumed culture in the world. Rejecting any form of formalism, as much as a literature reduced to carry ideas instead of creating some meaning, these poets develop opened and committed ethics, thanks to their listening of other arts. Thus, this lyricism, filled with baroque music, is no longer a way of expressing the self, but the path towards the other -whether it is the beloved woman, the sacred (more often profane) or the others (in the name of freedom and spiritual crossbreeding). The self no longer exists but through the “you” and the anchorage in the world of the referents of the presence
Valfort, Blandine. "Le lyrisme face à l’événement : étude comparée des poésies francophones du Maghreb et du Machrek : (Algérie, Liban, 1950-1990)." Thesis, Lyon 2, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013LYO20049.
Full textIn both areas which stand for the East and the West of the same Arab world – Maghreb and Mashreq –, some poets have chosen the French language to react to certain events of the second half of the twentieth century, as the Algerian War, the Six Days War and the Lebanese Civil War. By studying Algerian and Lebanese collections of poetry written between 1950 and 1990, we can consider the cultural, ideological and esthetical relationship of these two areas adopting a differential comparative approach. The choice of French – whose issues are very different in both areas – raises questions of identity that must be analyzed and promotes the expression of a cultural mixture. Through this poetic corpus, we can reconsider the relationship between history and intimacy because the event, inseparable from collective issues, is reinterpreted by the lyric voice. Not only does it create a rediscovered aesthetic of singing nor only provides a thematic range representative of dramas it causes. It raises an enunciative course closely linked to the poetic process. Through lyricism, historical event opens the way to intimacy which reveals the different layers of questioning identity and gives it a universal dimension. The subject is no longer absorbed into a collective reinforced by the circumstances, it is no longer defined only through the dichotomous opposition to otherness; thanks to the lyrical address, we are witnessing the simultaneous advent of “I” and “you” that, without denying the conflict, subsume its issues
Lohöfer, Astrid. "Ehics and Lyric Poetry : Language as World-Disclosure in French Symbolism and Canadian Modernism." Thesis, Montpellier 3, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013MON30082.
Full textSituated in the context of the recent ethical turn in literary theory, this study examines the relationship between ethics and modernist poetry, arguing that the ethical implications of these texts are not only enriched by, but also inseparable from, the creative, unconventional use of language typical of this genre. The majority of studies in the field of ethical criticism either focus on the explicit transmission of moral values in novels and short stories, while ignoring the linguistic complexity at the heart of lyric utterance, or equate the ethics of literature, in a very generalized way, with purely aesthetic phenomena such asthe textual experience of alterity or undecidability, thereby bypassing the concrete ethical concerns of individual texts. In order to attain a more nuanced comprehension of the relationship between ethics and (modernist) poetry, I propose to view lyric language as a site of world-disclosure opening up new perspectives on ethical issues that remain veiled or hidden in ordinary speech. This idea has been elaborated by Martin Heidegger and Paul Ricoeur, whose writings on art and literature engage with the ways in which poetic texts break the constraints of institutionalized discourse and return language to its original, expressive power. [etc.]
Duru, Audrey. "Dire je : augustinisme et rapport à soi dans la poésie spirituelle de langue française publiée entre Montaigne et Descartes (1580-1641)." Lyon 2, 2008. http://theses.univ-lyon2.fr/documents/lyon2/2008/duru_a.
Full textIn my thesis I present an ethical interpretation of the spiritual poetry in the context of cultural studies. The aim is to conceive a fragment of the “pre-history” of the subject and the self, and further of the lyricism; which leads to a systematic examination of the self-fashioning, practice oriented or reflexive one, via poetic enouncement. Can poetic spiritual enunciation provide a saying I that is the basis of ethical subject (that would be a practical equivalent of Descartes’ speculative cogito, 1637, 1641)? First part, “Poetics of the Self”, investigates the language and literary tools participating on self-fashioning by the turn of the 17th century. Writing influenced by lectures of Dionysius the Areopagite employs the hermeneutic crisis initiated by Nominalism which is, however, used to express and to refer to secret, by the means of enigma and dissimilar symbol. This writing can be situated in the debates on rhetoric of person and sincerity which originate in the ecclesiastical rhetoric of Erasmus and Augustine, spread out especially by the project of Montaigne’s Essays (1580). The second part, “Politics of the Self”, shows the discursive importance of meditative Augustinianism, based on the study of circulation and poetic imitation of apocryphal Augustinian meditations from the 11th and 13th century. The stream differs from the theological Augustinianism constructed on the concept of justification. The thesis reveals the relation to the self elaborated in the context of mystical enunciation, as well as in the ethical neo-stoical enunciation. I investigate the public challenge of this personal speech and private ethics that indicate a de-politisation of royal subject by the turn of the 17th century; de-politisation that is, nevertheless, itself political
Nauleau, Sophie. "André Velter troubadour au long cours : vers une nouvelle oralité poétique." Thesis, Paris 4, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PA040126/document.
Full textIt is in his "Orphée Studio", subtitled "Poésie d'aujourd'hui à voix haute", that André Velter really speaks about new poetic orality. Declaration based on the experiment, this proclamation of some layers, written as a presentation, is rare : simple, enthusiastic and speaking. So much prodigal to be it the detonator of this thesis. Four thousand two hundred signs indeed were enough to induce me : new poetic orality would be my subject. The term even of orality, too often only applied to the African griots or the oral traditions, offers a vast field of realities since it is heard, not in its modern meaning, but well in his report with modernity
Mourey, Laurent. "Tel qu'en lui-même enfin l'éternité le change : présence et réception de Mallarmé dans la poésie française après 1945 : autour de Bonnefoy, Deguy, Maulpoix et Meschonnic." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019STRAC007/document.
Full textWhile many studies have considered the decisive importance of Mallarme's work in literary, poetic and artistic modernity, those who have attached themselves to the readings that poets have given of it are rarer. But it appears that, for many poets after 1945, writing is not done without Mallarme being present, as an object of reflection on poetry and language and, more broadly, as an interlocutor with which the act of writing makes its own way and invents itself. The study focuses mainly on four works that pose, with acuity and sometimes even gravity and deepness, the question of poetry: Yves Bonnefoy, Michel Deguy, Jean-Michel Maulpoix, Henri Meschonnic. It is about making dialogue the points of view and going through the poetic discourses on and with Mallarme’s work. And our goal is to show that the work of the author of "Tomb of Edgar Poe" speaks as well for itself as for our present. For that, we will be attentive to the idea that a work is itself because it is lived through the experience of its readers
Kim, Jihyun. "Les poèmes du Crépuscule urbain chez Baudelaire : l’ironie dans le lyrisme de la modernité." Thesis, Rennes 2, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020REN20030.
Full textAfter having tried to be modern through his romantic aspirations during the 1840s, Baudelaire’s vision depends more and more on a pessimistic and critical perception of historical and existential reality. It is then that the first of the four poems, which are thedirect object of the present thesis, appears: “Le Crépuscule du soir”, in 1852, followed by the prose poem of the same title in 1855, then “La Fin de la journée” and “Recueillement” in 1861; finally, by a new version of the prose poem in 1862. When readtogether successively, these five texts, composed in the course of more than ten years, and which share the same theme —the feeling that the subject feels at nightfall in the modern metropolis— seem to us very likely to reveal a profound meaning in the evolution of Baudelaire’s poetics.Revolving around the immanent tension in their theme, the “urban crepuscule” : a tension between an intimate, lyrical pole of the “evening”, and a realistic, disenchanted pole of the “city”, our reading of these poems tries to show how Baudelaire, defining his position in the fluctuating literary field of mid-nineteenth century France, has imposed a new path, as paradoxical as “heroic”, yet without seeking to hide his oscillation between “modernity”— even if still vague in definition— and an ideal of “pure”lyricism
Sadovnik, Leonardo. "Le paysage, l'autre, l'écriture dans les poèmes de James Sacré. Le désir à l'œuvre." Thesis, Montpellier 3, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011MON30084.
Full textThe thesis concerns the whole James Sacré’s poetic work, contemporary French poet born in Cougou (Vendée) in 1939. As its title indicates it, it deals with problems connected with poetic representation of the landscape, the other and the very writing. These three major faces of the work establish a base from which spreads the poetic reflection of J. Sacré and hispractice of the writing. Practised and figurative writing, thus, essentially as desirous relation to the world, to others and to the language. Hence, the reflection tries to approach the poetic writing as dynamics to restore a continuity between the text and its object of desire, the reference horizon of the reality and the addressee. The adopted critical perspective, bythinking of the poem not as object but as phenomenon, borrows widely from two disciplines which do not recover from the literary critic, the phenomenology and the psychoanalysis. They allow to enlighten eloquent opening to the world and to others whom characterizes the lyric of J. Sacré. Every part of the thesis thus describes the articulations of a triple relation ofdesire within the framework of a major axis of the Sacrean poetics. The first one corresponds to the literary representation of the landscape as it is the environment of the connection to the other, and as it arouses a recurring questioning on the incapacity of the language to restore completely the reality. The writing of the journey also puts at stake the relation of desire in the foreign landscapes and to its others. Finally the ‘mise en abîme’ of the writing represents the poetic enterprise as composition of a textual landscape and as love relation to the reader
Carrols, Anne. "De l'ode à la pastorale : formes de la célébration politique en France (1549-1572)." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014AIXM3104/document.
Full textThis thesis studies The Pleiade's poetry of political celebration in relation to the epic, with the examples of Deffense as a statement of this project (1549) and Franciade as an incomplete realization of it (1572). The celebration poems are part of this project of a new Aeneid, which removes them from the ephemeral splendour of the celebration which created them in the first place ; these poems fall both within the moment of the festive event and the virtuality of the great work in which they must come to fruition. This great work, seen as a tale of foundation legitimating the hope of an immortal Empire, wants to shape History as well as depict an ideal image of the sovereign and present a poetic construction inserting the culture of Antiquity to the French genius. During Henri II's reign, the poets celebrate the princes as the heroes of the developing epic and explore the forms that this celebration of the Valois monarchy could take. The prophetic furor becomes the privileged statement of political lyricism. Yet, at the end of the 1550s, the formula only creates its own disenchanted repetition, or poets abandon it by ironically pointing out its vacuity. During the decade that follows, while the armed conflict creates historical uncertainty, the celebration poems disguise the princes as shepherds. At the beginning, the pastoral was a variation that could rejuvenate the initial project. It transforms into an alternative to an obsolete heroic model, related with political and poetic values of seduction, appeased gentleness, mannerist refinement in harmony with nature
Arnaud-Gomez, Sylvie. "La polyphonie dans l'oeuvre de Camus : de l'unité ontologique à la fracture discursive." Phd thesis, Université Michel de Montaigne - Bordeaux III, 2008. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00349833.
Full textL'origine de ce projet de thèse est une histoire familiale. J'étais étudiante en lettres lorsque ma mère, au détour d'une conversation, me confie que Camus a écrit sur mon grand-père et qu'on peut trouver ces documents dans les Cahiers Albert Camus. Je m'étonne et prends connaissance du détail de l'affaire. Mon grand-père est le magasinier Mas emprisonné aux côtés d'Hodent, entraîné dans une fausse accusation de malversation et de spéculation par ceux-là mêmes qui agissaient dans la seule finalité de leur profit personnel en modifiant à leur guise le prix du blé fixé par des amendements du Front Populaire. L'intervention de Camus, jeune journaliste à Alger Républicain, permet d'éviter l'erreur judiciaire. Une série de quinze articles est consacrée à ce procès répertorié sous le nom d'« affaire Hodent ».
Je suis le procès en entendant les voix des accusés, celle du procureur, celles des avocats, des témoins cités à la barre et celle de Camus, jeune journaliste passionné et investi dans la recherche de la vérité. Et, dans ce foisonnement, je m'interroge sur le pouvoir de la parole, sur la polysémie du langage, ses zones d'ombre, sur les ambivalences des hommes, sur la foi erronée en une vérité unique. D'où parle-t-on ? À qui les discours s'adressent-ils ? Quelle croyance obsolète supposent-ils dans l'unité du sujet parlant et dans la capacité du langage à restituer une unité originelle ? Je relis Bakhtine. J'explore l'ouvrage de Dunwoodie qui met en parallèle Camus et Dostoïevski. Je découvre les influences, les intertextualités. Ma recherche s'oriente alors vers la polyphonie, vers une réflexion sur le rapport de l'homme au langage, à l'unité, à la vérité. Le procès d'Hodent m'y a conduit.
J'entre dans l'ère du soupçon qui est la marque du XXe siècle. Je lis avec passion L'Anneau de Clarisse de Magris qui retrace les grandes étapes du désenchantement du monde lié à la mort de Dieu. Nietzsche prend alors toute la place. Il est au centre névralgique de cette explosion à la fois jubilatoire et dysphorique. La foi dans l'unité du sujet n'est plus. L'homme est multiple. Il est une myriade d'éclats, il est bigarrures et paradoxes dans un monde marqué par la perte des repères.
Une voix dans le fracas du monde
Camus s'efforce de faire entendre sa voix dans le fracas du monde et dans la multitude des voix d'autrui, voix des habitants de Belcourt, voix silencieuse de la mère, voix autoritaire de la grand-mère, voix des maîtres qui guident l'enfant, voix des premiers romanciers lus avec émotion et éblouissement, voix des « grands auteurs », des Classiques, voix de la Grèce antique et de la Rome latine, voix des philosophes de l'ère chrétienne, voix du messie qui crie sa déréliction et sa souffrance de l'incarnation, voix des penseurs solitaires, des créateurs de concepts, voix des comédiens sur les planches, des amis chaleureux, des femmes aimées, de celles qui ont trahi, de celles qu'il a trompées pour dire ailleurs d'autres mots, se nourrir d'autres murmures, voix des orateurs aux tribunes de l'actualité, voix des maîtres à penser, des moralisateurs, voix des traîtres, voix des lâches, voix qui se sont tues à jamais sous les fusillades aveugles qui fauchent sans pitié la jeunesse, la bravoure. Camus reste vivant après le cataclysme de la guerre, heureux et honteux, n'ayant plus alors que le témoignage comme seule justification. Les voix des morts résonnent dans le silence bruyant de la Libération et la voix de la vengeance est impérieuse avant de s'adoucir dans l'évidence du pardon et de l'oubli. Il est un homme labyrinthique qui façonne une œuvre en costume d'Arlequin. Il est un pantin tournoyant dans les orages du siècle, restituant, jusqu'au mutisme, les clameurs du siècle. Mais il est aussi un artiste qui ne renonce jamais totalement à l'exigence d'une voix personnelle, d'une voix du secret de l'intime, de l'opacité lumineuse du renoncement aux autres et de l'acceptation de soi comme condition de la création.
Voilà posée la tension camusienne entre le désir d'unité et d'harmonie, la course folle vers la fusion avec le monde, l'ardeur consacrée à rétablir la paix entre les peuples, le respect et la reconnaissance d'autrui dans son altérité et dans sa mêmeté d'une part, et d'autre part, la lucidité parfois effarée face à l'éclatement de l'être, à la victoire de la confusion et du désordre, au règne du paradoxe, de l'aporie, de la guerre. L'élan enthousiaste ou désespéré vers le désir d'harmonie s'incarne dans le choix d'être un écrivain et de porter, par les mots agencés, l'unité de l'homme et du monde. L'écriture tente de lutter contre l'éclatement, la fragmentation, la diversité. Mais les mots jaillissent et restituent le désordre, la confusion, la complexité de l'homme. L'écrivain fait l'expérience dysphorique et vivifiante, jubilatoire et angoissante de la polyphonie. Par qui suis-je habité quand je parle ? C'est la question que chaque « sujet parlant » ne peut manquer de se poser à la suite de Bakhtine ou de Ducrot. Quels échos résonnent dans une voix, quels dédoublements en abyme habitent l'auteur qui prend la plume ? Quel chemin peut conduire l'individu vers la singularité authentique dans le fracas assourdissant des voix d'autrui qui se mêlent et s'emmêlent? L'uni et l'unique ne sont-ils que des leurres, des fantômes aveuglés par l'orgueil et l'outrecuidance ? Comment livrer l'intime sans impudeur ? Comment être à la fois héraut de son temps, chantre de la justice et « politiquement et affectivement incorrect » ?
Faut-il chercher un fil conducteur ? Y a-t-il un fil d'Ariane menant à une vérité ultime ? Il ne semble pas que Camus se soit jamais imposé cette contrainte. La lecture des Carnets témoigne, malgré l'évolution programmatique annoncée très tôt par l'auteur, d'une œuvre qui avance au gré des lectures et des événements et restitue une pensée vibrante, frémissante, curieuse et avide, toujours en mouvement, toujours à l'affût d'une nouvelle rencontre, d'un nouvel éblouissement, toujours à l'écoute de cette palpitation intérieure que ne fait pas taire la clameur du monde. Ce paradoxe tensionnel et fécond de l'unité ontologique et de la fracture discursive se retrouve dans les différentes dimensions de l'œuvre camusienne, dans le rapport à l'histoire de son temps, dans le désir du chant de l'intime, dans la volonté de restituer l'authenticité de l'homme dans ce temps qui est le sien, sur cette terre qu'il a voulue sienne.
Pour, à l'instar de Camus, ne renoncer à rien, pour réunir tous les paradoxes, pour faire entendre la multitude des voix, le foisonnement des œuvres, j'ai choisi de placer mon parcours sous l'œil attentif et bienveillant de trois figures tutélaires. J'ose espérer que Camus aurait emprunté, non sans déplaisir, cette route que j'espère inexplorée, qui n'exclut pas les incursions inattendues, les chemins de traverse, les explorations imprévues.
Salomon, constructeur du Temple
Ce personnage biblique recèle en lui les ambitions de l'homme présent dans sa cité, acteur de son destin et de celui de ses compagnons. Il est le roi d'une justice immanente, inscrite à hauteur d'homme, évidente car elle sollicite la vérité du cœur. Il est un roi de sagesse qui règne dans un temps de paix. Mais on lui attribue également L'Ecclésiaste qui oriente sa pensée vers une philosophie liée au temps présent et à la perception aiguë de la précarité. L'ambivalence non contradictoire entre le temps de l'action et l'évidence de la nécessité de construire d'une part et d'autre part la conscience d'un absurde lié à la fugacité de la vie rend compte de la tension de l'œuvre de Camus où le désenchantement n'entraîne pas la désespérance. La figure de Salomon permet d'envisager les engagements politiques de Camus, d'observer comment il a contribué à maintenir debout les fondations de notre civilisation occidentale mise à mal par la fureur des hommes et la violence des guerres.
Je distingue trois temps dans cette dimension de l'œuvre. Le premier temps est un temps de l'engagement dichotomique. Il permet l'émergence d'une poétique de l'innocence. Camus a la volonté d'édifier un monde équitable. Il dénonce les injustices dans son reportage sur la Kabylie. Il fustige les excès d'une Droite sûre de ses droits en choisissant le ton acerbe du satiriste. Le verbe engagé prend place sur les planches, trouvant là une autre tribune pour énoncer son désir d'un monde de justice et dénoncer les vilenies des hommes et des régimes, des partis, des gouvernements. Il dénonce les tyrannies dans des adaptations théâtrales – Malraux, Gorki – ou dans des créations collectives – Révolte dans les Asturies.
Plus tard – c'est le deuxième temps, le temps de la parole héroïque – il s'engage avec Pia dans la grande aventure de Combat. Sa parole est édifiante. Il fait entendre la voix de l'honneur, en appelle à la justice des nations. Il dénonce les hypocrisies face à l'Espagne franquiste et défend la République en exil. Il s'afflige du silence des Occidentaux devant la dictature. Il en appelle au patriotisme dans ses éditoriaux de Combat. Il s'engage contre l'invasion soviétique en Hongrie. Il poursuit son engagement journalistique et met en place un théâtre engagé, en Algérie, avec des moyens de fortune, puis à Paris dans un moment de sa carrière où il a gagné, par ses romans, ses essais et sa présence à la tribune des journaux, une vraie notoriété.
Puis vient le temps du doute et du désenchantement. Camus se trouve dans la nécessité du silence et d'un retour sur soi. Il s'isole et se marginalise. Il fait l'expérience des limites de l'efficacité du discours. Il adapte les Possédés de Dostoïevski. Cette œuvre magistrale et complexe est le miroir des paradoxes contemporains et d'un climat délétère de manœuvres et de suspicions, de mensonges et d'hypocrisies. Ses dernières interventions journalistiques, obtenues par l'habileté et l'opiniâtreté de Jean-Jacques Servan-Schreiber et la médiation de Jean Daniel, témoignent d'un accroissement du doute et du désenchantement et cultivent l'art du décalage, de la marge, de l'inattendu. Camus déconcerte. On ne le comprend plus.
Orphée, poète de l'absence
Orphée chante la perte de l'être aimé et charme tous les êtres vivants. C'est la voix singulière de l'homme qui se fait entendre ici. Non plus celle qui s'offre à la communauté mais celle qui s'octroie le droit à la singularité. Camus laisse vibrer la corde sensible du lyrisme, il s'autorise le désir d'harmonie et de fusion au sein d'une nature flamboyante et généreuse, pleine de promesses. Il révèle la fascination féconde pour la tension nietzschéenne entre Apollon et Dionysos et l'exploration d'une forme nouvelle de poésie au plus près de l'homme. La lecture du Nietzsche de La Naissance de la Tragédie lui permet de comprendre la tension féconde entre le beau figé, hiératique, éternel et l'éclatante fulgurance d'une vie qui ne se saisit que dans l'éclair, le fugace, le transitoire, le désordre, la folie. L'antique alliance de l'apollinien et du dionysiaque a permis l'émergence de la tragédie. Cette lucidité ne laisse guère en repos. Elle est exigence de tous les instants et ne cesse de contraindre le sujet à s'interroger sur sa place dans le monde, sur l'origine de la parole, sur l'identité de celui qui parle et sur la coïncidence entre ce qui est senti, ce qui est pensé et ce qui est dit. À moins que le verbe n'ait valeur d'authenticité du fait même qu'il est proféré, sorti de soi. Ces questions hantent Camus qui s'interroge au cœur même de son œuvre, qui fait de ce questionnement une matière poétique. Il s'interroge également, sans être le seul dans ce siècle de guerres, d'hégémonies destructrices et de génocides, dans ce monde où la bravoure cède le pas à la lâcheté et à l'hypocrisie, sur la pertinence d'une parole poétique. Les poètes de ce milieu du XXe siècle, Jabès, Jaccottet, Bonnefoy, Char bien sûr, l'ami intime, n'ont pas éludé l'horreur de leur temps. Au contraire, ils l'ont regardée avec la lucidité des artistes et l'ont inscrite au cœur même de leur œuvre sans renoncer pour autant au réel de la beauté.
Camus poursuit les mêmes exigences que ses contemporains sur une voie qui est la sienne, sur une route où il va, solitaire, sombre et solaire, à la croisée des chemins, dans le clair-obscur des cultures qui se côtoient sans se comprendre. Ces exigences multiples ne sont pas aporétiques. Je les explore en écoutant le son envoûtant de la flûte de Dionysos. C'est une musique de l'insoumission, une musique non régie par le logos. Elle s'approche du mystère des origines et de l'effroi de la mort, elle est au plus près des pulsations intimes, du sang qui bat dans les tempes quand il fait trop chaud ou que l'émotion est trop intense. Elle nous fait entendre l'aulos de la Grèce antique. Elle est l'accord mineur, la gamme de l'être mi-homme, mi-dieu, du satyre, de Pan. Mais ce souffle ne saurait exister sans l'intervention d'Apollon. L'homme jaillit de l'informel dionysiaque. Il devient un individu. Il se saisit du logos. Il chante la beauté du monde accompagné du son mélodieux de sa lyre. L'instrument à cordes remplace l'instrument à vent. La gamme en accord majeur impose sa puissance et son unité harmonieuse. Le poète est alors celui qui cherche la vérité et la beauté, l'équilibre et la vérité. Il est celui qui poursuit l'éternité dans le chant de l'Un retrouvé. Dionysos et Apollon s'équilibrent, ou plus exactement s'offrent l'un à l'autre le pouvoir d'exister. J'ai ajouté un dernier chant, un peu inattendu à ces deux accords premiers, le mineur et le majeur, celui que produit l'arc d'Ulysse alors même que le héros retrouve son arme et se venge des prétendants indignes. Ulysse est présent dans l'œuvre de Camus. Il est l'homme du nostos, l'homme de la nostalgie et de l'exil. Il est celui qui ne renonce jamais. Il est ce héros à la fois brave et faible, invincible et vulnérable, fidèle et infidèle. Il est celui qui a renoncé à l'immortalité que lui offrait Calypso pour retrouver sa femme, son fils, son royaume. Il fait le choix de la précarité. Il est un homme. Il est, dans la métaphore musicale, l'accord dissonant dont parle Clément Rosset, cet accord qui, au contact de l'accord parfait, permet la fugace révélation de l'harmonie perdue.
Adam, le premier homme.
Placé sous le signe d'une temporalité inexorable, il est l'homme de la faute originelle, le père de Caïn, le premier meurtrier, le premier errant. Il rappelle le poids du réel et de l'irrémédiable. Le roman apparaît comme le domaine privilégié pour l'expression de la faute. L'ontologique s'inscrit dans le temporel, le précaire, l'incertain. Je retrouve le même cheminement qui conduit de l'innocence à l'édification et au désenchantement – c'est le parcours que j'ai suivi sous l'égide de Salomon. Je retrouve le désordre fusionnel dionysiaque qui prend ici la forme de la carnavalisation bakthinienne, le goût de l'unité dans la tentation épique, et le désir intact de se maintenir au plus près de l'humaine condition. Les tensions sont les mêmes et s'entrecroisent. L'art du roman inscrit l'homme dans un temps linéaire. Ce temps, dans notre tradition judéo-chrétienne, commence avec la faute originelle qui conduit Dieu à chasser Adam et Ève du paradis où le temps ni la mort n'existent.
La matière fictionnelle peut être un succédané à l'effroi face à la mort et à la culpabilité. Le jeune Camus est d'abord tenté par une forme d'idéalisme. Ses œuvres de jeunesse, influencées par Bergson et Nietzsche, sont teintées de symbolisme métaphysique, d'idéalisme et d'onirisme. Mais, peu à peu, les voix des habitants de Belcourt s'imposent et trouvent un écho plus puissant. L'écriture s'allège. La phrase se densifie en même temps qu'elle accède à une plus grande simplicité. La banalité du quotidien devient la matière première de l'œuvre fictionnelle. Le fait divers devient source de l'inspiration. La création se déploie dans l'ordinaire et délaisse les marges oniriques. Camus s'éloigne d'une conception symbolique de la littérature et d'une approche rousseauiste de l'homme. En réalité, ce parcours n'est pas chronologique. Camus aborde la question du mal dès ses premières œuvres. Dans son Mémoire sur Plotin et saint Augustin, il examine la conception du mal chez les agnostiques puis exprime pour la première fois l'intérêt qu'il porte au christianisme qui est la religion de la souffrance et de la mort. C'est ce moment qui cristallise un imaginaire lié à la souffrance, au sang mais aussi à l'abandon.Une remise en question de la notion du souverain Bien kantien entraîne Camus sur les chemins périlleux de l'exploration des zones obscures, des morts éthiquement inacceptables comme celles des enfants. Il est l'auteur de La Peste mais aussi du « Renégat », de La Chute. Il est l'auteur du meurtre gratuit, de cet acte inacceptable et incompréhensible, dans La Mort heureuse et L'Étranger. Il n'élude pas les monstruosités de la guerre d'Algérie dans Le Premier homme et s'immerge dans les affres slaves, depuis sa mise en scène des Frères Karamazov dans ses jeunes années, jusqu'à celle des Possédés à la fin de sa vie.
Mais l'importance de Dostoïevski ne doit pas oblitérer la place capitale de Tolstoï dans la gestation de l'œuvre. La fréquence des citations de l'auteur de Guerre et Paix montre la très grande fidélité à cet autre géant de la littérature russe du XIXe siècle. Tolstoï excelle dans la représentation de l'homme dans le monde, sous son double aspect, familier et héroïque. Il recherche l'équilibre, la règle, l'intelligibilité, l'ordonnance, l'organisation, l'agencement limpide, la structure, la causalité, le déterminisme. Dostoïevski cultive le désordre, la débauche, la rupture, le bouleversement, la confusion, la violence, l'excès, l'incohérence, le trouble. Il étonne et ravit dans son exploration de l'âme humaine. Tolstoï est du côté de l'épopée, Dostoïevski se situe au cœur de la ménippée. Je trouve là une opposition fondamentale dans la genèse romanesque camusienne, un paradoxe entre l'attrait de l'ordre et du monologisme, le plaisir de la sentence, de l'axiome, le goût de la vérité et de la hauteur de vue – son versant solaire, son adret apollinien et, d'un autre côté, sa tentation du désordre fécond, de la polyphonie, son versant obscur, son ubac dionysiaque.
Lacoste, Frédéric. "L'oiseau dans la poésie de Saint-John Perse, Kenneth White et Philippe Jaccottet : une pensée analogique au service du mystère." Bordeaux 3, 2006. https://extranet.u-bordeaux-montaigne.fr/memoires/diffusion.php?nnt=2006BOR30021.
Full textThe question of the bird in contemporary poetry seems to be obvious. It's really impossible to open a collection of poems without seeing lots of explicit references to the bird : his fly, his singing, and his discreet but permanent presence. How to explain this recurrence in contemporary production ? And what's the foundation of the bird's particularity in the animal kingdom ? After justifying the connection of the three poets of our corpus, we based our work on analogical and transdiciplinary viewpoints. Reviving the medieval mysticism, poetry looks for the limits of human nature in the world-macrocosm. The bird, that seems the last limit for the human psychism, allows us to redefine animality in accordance with a principle of "consanguinity" (Saint-John Perse). Against the modern proclivity to dispersion and catalogue, this analogical thought circulating in the poems of our authors, wants to reconstruct the weft, to "sew up the universe". The metaphysical dimension, that is not often clearly claimed by our poets, is always underlying. Beyond a description of the real world, that is leaning on the precision of the science, another dimension, verging on rilkean "Ouvert", impregnates their works. The bird, through the patterns of the flight and the singing, draws the lines of poetics linked by aesthetic modernity
Foloppe, Ganne Régine. "Baudelaire et la vérité poétique." Thesis, Bordeaux 3, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015BOR30066.
Full textOur working hypothesis is as follows : under the cover of a pact of falsehood and play, Baudelaire implements the passage toward a poetry which, in order to deeply question itself henceforth with regard to its groundings, referents, metamorphoses, essence, and necessity, requires and incessantly engenders its own center-of-truth beyond any system. Thus, as distinct from his predecessors, the poet no longer aims his attention, efforts, doubts and suspicions at the readably and socially constructive import of what he writes, but at the relation between a poetic or artistic appearance that holds together (the figure, the image) and the inmost depths of humankind, that is, a certain dejection or collapse. The esthetic and moral perspective we seek thus to define in Baudelaire’s work questions the connection between the word and the person emitting it on the one hand, and those receiving it on the other: hence the calling into question of language as an actual vector as well as the anxious research that accompanies it are posed. At once born of and already distanced from Romanticism, this new focus and reflexivity free, exacerbate, and threaten the poetical: thus, by way of the motifs of hypocrisy, lying, the mask and art itself, the poet challenges this ideal in the very process of initiating it, all the while living a veritable poetic passion in which he invests and consumes himself, body and mind, not without a form of integrity. Such are the paradoxes envisioned. In what terms can one speak of poetic truth in Baudelaire’s work? Does he extract the idea of it toward an unfolding and assuredly fertile posterity or else does he stifle the upsurge with his characteristic clairvoyance ? Can such lucidity work against the authenticity of the artistic gesture? Where, when, and how does trueness come into play in a poem ? Why and with a view to what? In what manner does the work, by way of this strand, find a particularly illuminating coherence as initiator of modernity? But equally, within what limits? How, why, can and must poetic meaning escape dialectical concerns and hence deceive, likewise, all travesties and systematic adherence — and especially faithfulness to all obvious facts of solemnity? It’s about attempting to understand in what way the poetical, starting with Baudelaire, and as a result of his work, within the transfers and substitutions it presupposes, in its unprovability and its mystification, but equally in the rigor that characterizes it, may be placed in relation with the true, not according to constant external and pre-existing systems, but according to access-ways, perspectives interacting with creative speech, namely with the experience of inspiration, composition, and the reading of symbols. Since such a truth obviously cannot be posed as a theorem or axiom positively proven and applicable, it will therefore not be envisioned through a precise theoretical and philosophical prism, but rather confronted methodically with the literariness of the text, with the poem, in that it presents and initiates an intrinsic form of existence whose originality and paradoxy would be precisely not to be positive, in the sense of supported by anything pre-judged whatsoever, or tending by design toward any prescribed objective
Banes, Gardonne Marie-Stéphanie de. "La voix intimiste d'un poète de la terre." Bordeaux 3, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002BOR30054.
Full textJoseph Rouffanche was born in 1922, French teacher in 1961 and doctor in French literature in 1985, his poetry deals with the great elements of the literature and modern poetry in France : childhodd, the passion for the nature, the time and its own fate, the feeling of unfairness, feeling the life and the boarding school's experience like the most terrifying jail. Carrying on the Jean Follain's poetry in a certain way, Joseph Rouffanche finds his own answers to the strange and persistent questions which any man is confronted with one time, at least, in his life. With nostalgia and the most deep feeling of love for the disappeared childhood's world, Joseph Rouffanche sings the deep mystery of his world which focus on him writing and writing again