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5
Sirois, Charles. Passage obligé: De la gestion mécanique à la gestion organique. Éditions de l'Homme, 1999.
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6
Marrin, Richard B. Passage Point: An amateur's dig into New Jersey's colonial past. Heritage Books, 1997.
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Rigby, David L. Unsteady stagnation-point heat transfer during passage of a concentrated vortex. National Aeronautics and Space Administration, 1989.
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8
Rigby, David L. Unsteady stagnation-point heat transfer during passage of a concentrated vortex. National Aeronautics and Space Administration, 1989.
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9
Canada, Bureau de la sécurité des transports du. VIA Rail Inc. collision à un passage à niveau point milliaire 79,04, subdivision Guelph Shakespeare (Ontario) 4 septembre 1993. Bureau de la sécurité des transports du Canada, 1995.
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1945-, Hensler Hélène, Baillauquès Simone, and Université de Sherbrooke. Faculté d'éducation., eds. La Recherche en formation des maîtres: Détour ou passage obligé sur la voie de la professionnalisation? Éditions du CRP, 1993.
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The North-West Passage: Capt. M'Clure's despatches from Her Majesty's discovery ship, "Investigator", off Point Warren and Cape Bathurst. 4th ed. J. Betts, 1987.
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Bamford, Terry, and Keith Bilton, eds. Social Work. Policy Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1332/policypress/9781447356530.001.0001.
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2020 is the 50<sup>th</sup> anniversary of a turning point in the development of social work in the UK. It is half a century since the creation of a unified association of social workers, the development of a unified training for social workers regardless of the setting in which they worked and the passage of the Local Authority Social Services Act.
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Arent, Douglas, Channing Arndt, Finn Tarp, and Owen Zinaman, eds. Moving Forward. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198802242.003.0029.
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With the passage of CoP21, the world is leaving a relatively inactive stage and entering a second stage characterized by broad-based efforts to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. A third stage of reductions will almost certainly be required. This should chart a feasible path to a stabilized climate and put in place the necessary policy architecture for following that path, marking a global tipping point where effective climate change mitigation is no longer a goal but an accepted fact, with broad implications for behaviour and decision-making, not least a massive reduction in the resources allocated to prospecting for new fossil fuel reserves. A clear proximate operational challenge for achieving this tipping point involves effective implementation of country Intended Nationally Determined Contributions (INDCs) with attendant information needs. Looking further ahead, four key research frontiers are presented, focused on achieving this tipping point and entering the third stage of emissions reductions.
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Hutchinson, G. O. The King of Persia is Put in His Place (Chariton 8.5.5–7). Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198821717.003.0022.
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At another big moment in Chariton, the queen of Persia arrives by sea and is restored to her astonished husband. The passage conveys with refinement the mixed feelings of the king, who loves both his wife and Callirhoe, the heroine of the novel. It also conveys with refinement the meeting of the husband and wife, and the wife’s handling of the king’s mixed feelings, and her own. Rhythm helps the subtlety here, as well as the strong depiction of emotion. Apparently simple physical narrative is charged with point, as rhythm invites the reader to linger over phrases.
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Radner, Hilary. Introduction. Edinburgh University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/edinburgh/9781474422888.003.0001.
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This brief introduction offers an outline of the purpose and scope of the volume, which provides a synthetic overview of the work of a scholar characterized by a subtle and complex engagement with, and analysis of, cinema and moving-image installation art that takes place over a fifty-year span, addressing a massive list of films and artworks. It establishes that the goal of the book is not simply to summarize this oeuvre, but to offer “un passage,” a point of entry into the perspectives of this scholar, showing how they shifted and developed over many years.
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Kamtekar, Rachana. Psychological Eudaemonism and Explanation. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198798446.003.0007.
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Chapter 6 argues that for Plato, psychological eudaemonism’s potential to explain actions and agents is limited, and, in the case where the agent’s beliefs are false, both rife with moral hazard and in need of supplementation. Republic X’s criticism of poetry describes the ethical dangers of seeing things from another’s point of view when that point of view is populated by false beliefs about good and bad; these dangers also arise for explanations of actions based on false beliefs about value. A passage in the Phaedo usually taken to derive an account of teleological explanation from the assumption of psychological eudaemonism only says that in the case of intelligent agency the agent’s judgements of goodness explain her actions—from which it does not follow that in the case of unintelligent agency, an agent’s false judgements would also explain her actions. Intelligence explains actions not because beliefs explain, but because goodness does.
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Hutchinson, G. O. Chaereas Lives (Chariton 5.8.1–3). Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198821717.003.0021.
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A climactic point in Chariton contrasts with the passage of Heliodorus considered in the previous chapter. The language of theatre is used in both; but Chariton orchestrates an almost operatic complication of characters with contrasting feelings. Rhythm brings out the complication with pointed ingenuity. The account culminates in wry extremity on the king of Persia: love overcomes all. Thucydides is again an important layer, but all is turned in the direction of ingenious intricacy sharply mastered. It is also seen how rhythm helps to highlight exceedingly forceful links in language which run through the novel. Thus rhythm promotes structure on a large scale as on a small one.
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Debaise, Didier. Temporal Dimensions of Actual Entities. Translated by Tomas Weber. Edinburgh University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/edinburgh/9781474423045.003.0009.
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The individuation of actual entities has a beginning and an end. It passes from disjunctive diversity, where it has the character of an ‘aim’, a potentiality, through its being in action, to its satisfaction, at which point it is no longer susceptible to transformations or becomings. The best way of expressing this highly delimited nature of individuation is to use terms like ‘blocks’, ‘blocks of becoming’ or ‘blocks of individuation’. In Some Problems of Philosophy, William James, attempting to account for sensible experience, for perception in immediate experience, develops a notion of what he calls ‘drops of experience’. Divisions within a ‘drop of experience’ are always possible, an analysis into parts or elements can always be performed, and yet to do so would be to lose what is important, namely, that these drops are indivisible totalities. The divisions are ideal; they emerge out of acts of representation which translate what is given in totality into distinct elements. The most concrete experience is that which can be expressed by movements like augmentation, intensification and amplification, movements which reach a point of effective realisation, a point which, at the same time, marks the passage to a new ‘drop of experience’.
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Hutchinson, G. O. Density in Plutarch. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198821717.003.0003.
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The next move is to show that when rhythmic phrases are more densely packed together than usual, the passage calls for heightened attention. This illustrated from the climax of Plutarch’s Adversus Colotem. Then, to avert the possibility of chance, the book looks at passages in the Lives where at least twenty rhythmic closes come closely together, with few interruptions from unrhythmic closes or longer phrases. When they are looked at as a group, they are clearly not random. They come much more frequently in the second of pairs of Lives: a point with big implications for the conception of the work. They often come at key moments in the narrative (death, disaster, responses to these, triumphant summations of achievement); they also show significant connections with philosophy, substantial speeches, and comparison—the last an aspect of the Lives which they highlight far beyond the official pairings.
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Pouillaude, Frédéric. Writing That Says Nothing. Translated by Anna Pakes. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199314645.003.0009.
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This chapter looks at non-verbal and ideogrammatic inscriptions of movement, examining different choreographic notation systems and their relative failure to withstand the passage of time. It contends that the failure of dance notation is no mere historical accident, but the result of a fundamental conceptual tension. And rather than claiming that the supposed link between dance and presence nullifies every attempt at graphic inscription, this chapter argues that the difficulty consists in a more profound tension internal to the notational project. What remains to be shown is how the imperative of presence is reflected at the level of notational discourse itself, and articulated therein as a contradiction. Thus the chapter diagnoses this contradiction in the way that the linguistic paradigm becomes a constant point of reference, such that choreographic notation is said to stand to dance in the same relation as alphabetic writing stands to language.
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M’Closkey, Kathy. Unraveling the Narratives of Nostalgia. University of Illinois Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.5406/illinois/9780252037153.003.0008.
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For decades, researchers have investigated the impact of market economies on indigenous peoples' lifeways and natural resources. This chapter reveals how incorporation of Navajo pastoralists into the American wool and livestock markets via the trading-post system initiated a turning point in Diné history. The passage of the Dawes Act in 1887, triggered the loss of over 80 million acres of tribal lands and ultimately impoverished thousands of Native Americans. That same year, revisions proposed to the wool tariff initiated a change in federal policy that ultimately held profound consequences for Navajo woolgrowers and weavers. Although their reservation was periodically enlarged to accommodate the need for increased grazing lands, Navajos' livelihood was significantly compromised. As livestock owners and weavers, Navajo women were doubly disadvantaged by changes in the domestic wool tariff coupled with patriarchal assumptions that obliterated their contributions to subsidizing the reservation economy from 1880 to World War II.
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Novenson, Matthew V. Oil and Power in Ancient Israel. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780190255022.003.0002.
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When is a messiah not a messiah? The answer, according to much of the past half-century of research, is when it appears in the Hebrew Bible. This post-World War II scholarly axiom—that in the Hebrew Bible we find mundane “anointed ones” but after the Hebrew Bible eschatological “messiahs”—is partly true. To the extent that it rebutted the grand old triumphalist accounts of messianic prophecy, it did a valuable service. But, as an analytical tool, it is virtually useless. In the biblical sources, the discourse of “messiahs”—“anointed persons”—is predicated on a simple symbolic relation between oil and power. The basic but important point is that the ritual smearing of oil on objects and persons was a widely recognized means of conferring sacredness. With the passage of time, early Jewish writers persisted in speaking of “anointed persons” idiomatically, long after the ritual itself had fallen out of practice.
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Franceschet, Susan. Informal Institutions and Women’s Political Representation in Chile (1990–2015). Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190851224.003.0008.
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Despite electing a female president, Michelle Bachelet, and at one point achieving gender parity in cabinet appointments, women’s presence in Chile’s national congress remains small, is only slightly higher at local levels, and is extremely limited among party and coalition leaders. In her gendered analysis of representation, Susan Franceschet argues this is because of the strong formal and informal institutions that limit the size of electoral districts, require large thresholds to win seats, and require coalition negotiation over candidates for elected office. Even though women have a mixed record of representation, their presence has had important policy consequences. A gender-focused presidency has been critical for passage of gender-attentive policies. Women in Chile’s legislative arenas have been more likely to bring gender issues to the agenda. Franceschet points out that Sernam, the women’s ministry, has played a critically important role in this. The electoral reforms approved by congress in 2015 include a gender quota, creating expectations that improvements will continue.
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Yunhwa Rao, Nancy. The Chinese Exclusion Act and Chinatown Theaters. University of Illinois Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.5406/illinois/9780252040566.003.0003.
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This chapter focuses on immigration policies in the United States and how they impacted Chinatown opera theaters from their burgeoning in the nineteenth century through the passage of the Chinese Exclusion Act of 1882 and into the early twentieth century. Whereas Chinese theaters rose to prominent entertainment in the 1870s, with four concurrent theaters in San Francisco, late nineteenth century exclusionary regulations severely curtailed previously vibrant Chinatown opera theaters. It eventually cut off the flow of performers and limiting companies’ performance opportunities by early 20th century. The chapter identifies a turning point when the continuing demand for Chinese performers prompted American entrepreneurs and others to circumvent U.S. policies and advocate for exceptions to the stultifying rules in the second decade of the20th century. As a result, increasingly itinerant performers were allowed to cross national borders, and theaters were allowed to stage performances, but each existed in a precarious relationship with immigration officials and boards that enforced exclusionary principles and practices.
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LaRoche, Cheryl Janifer. Lick Creek, Indiana. University of Illinois Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.5406/illinois/9780252038044.003.0004.
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This chapter examines the relationship of Quakers and free Blacks in Lick Creek to the Underground Railroad. The Lick Creek settlement once existed in the southeast corner of Paoli Township, Orange County, in southern Indiana. In 1817, freeborn African Americans came to the area and purchased land in what later became the Lick Creek settlement. Blacks also came accompanying Quakers fleeing persecution in North Carolina. With the opening of frontier lands for settlement, free Blacks, encouraged by the antislavery provisions of the Northwest Ordinance, joined the country's westward passage to the Northwest Territory. This chapter first provides a background on Quakers and free Blacks at Lick Creek before focusing on William Paul Quinn's arrival in Indiana, where he built AME churches that became an important focal point of the Lick Creek community. It then considers the antislavery efforts of free Blacks, Quakers, and citizens of conscience working on the Underground Railroad on behalf of escaped slaves. It also discusses the participation of Indiana's Blacks in the Civil War.
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Meyer, Sabine N. “Putting on the Lid”. University of Illinois Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.5406/illinois/9780252039355.003.0005.
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This chapter examines the Anti-Saloon League's (ASL) impact on the temperance movement in Minnesota during the period 1898–1915. The turn of the century witnessed a nationwide expansion of temperance activism. The election in 1898 of the Democratic gubernatorial candidate John Lind, a Swedish immigrant, inaugurated the Progressive era in Minnesota and marked a turning point in the state's temperance history. This chapter considers how the tenets of Progressivism combined with the work of the ASL boosted the passage of County Option Laws not only in Minnesota but also throughout the country. It shows that the ASL's activism and its intense collaboration with the Prohibition Party, the Woman's Christian Temperance Union, and other reformers led to liquor law enforcement campaigns and slowly increased the general sentiment in favor of County Option. Due to severe resistance to County Option, particularly by the politically powerful liquor interests, but also by German Americans, workers, and other opponents of temperance reform, it took until 1915 until the reformers' combined efforts showed the promised effect.
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Jha, Himanshu. Capturing Institutional Change. Edited by Rahul Mukherjee, Subrata K. Mitra, and Raghbendra Jha. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190124786.001.0001.
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Institutions are norms that undergird organizations and are reflected in laws and practices. Scholars point towards the ‘stickiness’ of institutions as stubbornly persisting on the historical landscape. As institutions tend to persist, the related political, administrative, and social processes persist as well. Therefore, it is puzzling when perpetuating institutions change paths. This book unravels one such puzzle by examining the process of institutional change through the lenses of transformation in the ‘information regime’ in India by tracing the passage of the Right to Information (RTI) Act, 2005. Historically, in India, the norm of secrecy was entrenched within the state, perpetuating since colonial times. Yet, in 2005, the RTI Act was enacted heralding an institutional shift from the norm of ‘secrecy’ to the new norm of ‘openness’. What explains this institutional change? Based on new historical evidence overlooked in the mainstream literature, this book shows that the RTI Act was path-dependent on ideas of openness that emerged within the state since Independence. It argues that an endogenous policy discourse on enacting legislation on access to information had begun since Independence; it incrementally evolved and reached a ‘tipping point’ and, after surviving many political challenges, resulted in institutional change. Initially these ideas emerged gradually and incrementally as part of opposition politics, but eventually became part of mainstream politics. The book presents an alternate perspective to the mainstream narrative explaining the evolution of the RTI Act and makes theoretical contribution to the literature on institutional change.
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Debaise, Didier. Realisation of Self and Power. Translated by Tomas Weber. Edinburgh University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/edinburgh/9781474423045.003.0007.
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The process of individuation has an end. The passage from disjunctive diversity to the unity of a new entity embodied by the subject has a conclusion, namely, the effective realisation of the entity, its full actualisation. This end point of individuation is reached following the determination of every positive and negative prehension of the entity, that is, when all of its relations with other entities have been established. It is, then, fully a perspective, a being-situated in the universe, a junction between and a unity of everything that exists. It attains, in its final state of concrescence, what Whitehead calls ‘satisfaction’. This ‘satisfaction’ is not a common end, identifiable with all the others, as if there were a pre-existing finality in individuation that would be actualised in a particular manner. It is ‘a generic term: there are specific differences between the “satisfactions” of different entities, including gradations of intensity’ (PR, 84). In the same way that every prehension is singular and belongs to the subjective orientation of every actual entity, the end of an entity is specific, it is that end for that entity.
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Colognesi, Luigi Capogrossi. Institutions of Ancient Roman Law. Edited by Heikki Pihlajamäki, Markus D. Dubber, and Mark Godfrey. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780198785521.013.9.
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This chapter gives a rapid overview of the history of Roman public and private institutions, from their early beginning in the semi-legendary age of the kings to the later developments of the Imperial age. A turning point has been the passage from the kingdom to the republic and the new foundation of citizenship on family wealth, instead of the exclusiveness of clan and lineages. But still more important has been the approval of the written legislation of the XII Tables giving to all citizens a sufficient knowledge of the Roman legal body of consuetudinary laws. From that moment, Roman citizenship was identified with personal freedom and the rule of law. Following political and military success, between the end of IV and the first half of III century bce Rome was capable of imposing herself as the central power in Italy and the western Mediterranean. From that moment Roman hegemony was exercised on a growing number of cities and local populations, organized in the form of Roman of Latin colonies or as Roman municipia. Only in the last century bce were these different statutes unified with the grant of Roman citizenship to all Italians. In this same period the Roman civil law, which was applied to private litigants by the Roman praetors, had become a very complex and sophisticated system of rules. With the empire the system did not change abruptly, although the Princeps did concentrate in his hands the last power of the judiciary and became the unique source of new legislation. In that way, for the first time, the Roman legal system was founded on rational and coherent schemes, becoming a model, which Antiquity transmitted to the late medieval Europe.