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Journal articles on the topic 'Pointe polymère'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 7 July 2024

Last updated: 31 July 2025

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1

Pelletier, H., C. Gauthier, and R. Schirrer. "Analyses des sillons viscoélastiques lors d'un contact entre une pointe rigide et la surface d'un polymère." Matériaux & Techniques 96, no. 3 (2008): 111–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/mattech:2008026.

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Chen, Weifeng, Shaona Chen, Weimin Hu, Dejiang Li, and Zhongxu Dai. "The Preparation Approaches of Polymer/graphene Nanocomposites and their Appilcation Research Progress as Electrochemical Sensors." Journal of New Materials for Electrochemical Systems 20, no. 4 (2017): 205–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.14447/jnmes.v20i4.356.

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Graphene, a two-dimensional sheet of sp2-hybridized carbon atoms packed into a honeycomb lattice, can be combined with various polymers through different methods and techniques. Polymer/graphene nanocomposites are expected to not only preserve the fa-vorable properties of graphene and polymers, but also greatly enhance the intrinsic properties due to the synergetic effect between them. In this review, the preparation approaches of graphene/polymer nanocomposites, including melt blending, solution blending, in-situ polymeri-zation and in-situ synthesis, were presented comprehensively in order t

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Ma, Liang. "Comparing the Principles of Reversible Covalent Chemistry and Supramolecular Chemistry Points to New Directions in the Development of Polymers." Highlights in Science, Engineering and Technology 26 (December 30, 2022): 446–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.54097/hset.v26i.4025.

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Polymers are some of the most widely used materials for human use and have greatly facilitated people's lives. However, with the use of polymer materials, traditional thermoplastic and thermoset materials are unable to meet the more diverse needs, and traditional processing methods are not able to significantly improve the performance of polymer materials. Some researchers have found that by applying the principles of reversible covalent and supramolecular chemistry in dynamic chemistry in the development of polymers, the properties and functions of polymers can be changed from the bottom up.

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Hu, Jin Lian, and Jing Lu. "Shape Memory Polymers in Textiles." Advances in Science and Technology 80 (September 2012): 30–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ast.80.30.

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This paper highlight the most important areas and directions of shape memory polymers in textiles. The textiles of shape memory polymers involve fibre spinning (including wet-spinning, melt-spinning and electro-spinning), fabric, smart apparel, actively finishing technology and WVP investigation. Based on the molecular structure of shape memory polymer, the shape memory transformation from polymer to textiles and application theory are illustrated and stated. Additionally, the challenges of shape memory polymers in textiles are pointed out and some research directions are also suggested in thi

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Dibakar, Roy, Hoque Mainul, and Ghosh Pranab. "Greener additives for lube oil: Synthesis and evaluation of rice bran oil based copolymers as potential lube oil additives." Journal of Indian Chemical Society Vol. 97, No. 11a, Nov 2020 (2020): 2282–86. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5653603.

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Department of Chemistry, Natural Product and Polymer Chemistry Laboratory, University of North Bengal, Darjeeling-734 013, West Bengal, India Department of Chemistry, Kokrajhar Govt. College, Kokrajhar-783 370, Assam, India <em>E-mail</em>: pizy12@yahoo.com <em>Manuscript received online 28 October 2020, revised and accepted 31 November 2020</em> During the last few years, the lubricant industry has given special attention towards the application of vegetable oil based additives for lube oil due to their biocompatibility and enhanced additive performances compared to conventional additives. In

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Valenzuela, Loreto M., Doyle D. Knight, and Joachim Kohn. "Developing a Suitable Model for Water Uptake for Biodegradable Polymers Using Small Training Sets." International Journal of Biomaterials 2016 (2016): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/6273414.

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Prediction of the dynamic properties of water uptake across polymer libraries can accelerate polymer selection for a specific application. We first built semiempirical models using Artificial Neural Networks and all water uptake data, as individual input. These models give very good correlations (R2>0.78for test set) but very low accuracy on cross-validation sets (less than 19% of experimental points within experimental error). Instead, using consolidated parameters like equilibrium water uptake a good model is obtained (R2=0.78for test set), with accurate predictions for 50% of tested poly

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Zore, Ashish, Peng Geng, Yuwei Zhang, and Michael R. Van De Mark. "Defining the Collapse Point in Colloidal Unimolecular Polymer (CUP) Formation." Polymers 14, no. 9 (2022): 1909. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym14091909.

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Colloidal unimolecular polymer (CUP) particles were made using polymers with different ratios of hydrophobic and hydrophilic monomers via a self-organization process known as water reduction. The water-reduction process and the collapse of the polymer chain to form a CUP were tracked using viscosity measurements as a function of composition. A vibration viscometer, which allowed for viscosity measurement as the water was being added during the water-reduction process, was utilized. The protocol was optimized and tested for factors such as temperature control, loss of material, measurement stab

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Browne, Emer, Zelalem A. Worku, and Anne Marie Healy. "Physicochemical Properties of Poly-vinyl Polymers and Their Influence on Ketoprofen Amorphous Solid Dispersion Performance: A Polymer Selection Case Study." Pharmaceutics 12, no. 5 (2020): 433. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics12050433.

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When developing an amorphous solid dispersion (ASD), a prudent choice of polymer is critical to several aspects of ASD performance including: processability, solid state stability and dissolution rate. However, there is little guidance available to formulators to aid judicious polymer selection and a “trial and error” approach is often taken. This study aims to facilitate rational polymer selection and formulation design by generating ASDs using a range of poly-vinyl polymers and ketoprofen as a model active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) and evaluating several aspects of their performance. T

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Nizina, T. A., Dmitrii R. Nizin, N. S. Kanaeva, N. M. Kuznetsov, and D. A. Artamonov. "Applying the Fractal Analysis Methods for the Study of the Mechanisms of Deformation and Destruction of Polymeric Material Samples Affected by Tensile Stresses." Key Engineering Materials 799 (April 2019): 217–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.799.217.

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The paper proposes an approach to study the mechanism of deformation of epoxy polymers based on the methods of fractal calculations. The advantages of the method for determining the fractality index of the deformation curves of polymer samples using the minimum coverage method are shown. An algorithm for the quantitative determination of the location of the "critical" points of the deformation curves of polymer samples under tension is proposed. It is shown that the use of the developed methodology for the fractal analysis of time series on the basis of a set of points of deformation curves of

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Peram, Shyamsundar Reddy, Madhava Rao Byraboina, Narendran Dama, Suryanarayana Murthy Kurivella, and Jagadish Mandava. "An Overview of Thermal Behavior of Polymers: Lead Acid Battery Applications." European Journal of Engineering and Technology Research 7, no. 1 (2022): 12–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.24018/ej-eng.2022.7.1.2704.

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Thermal analysis is the analysis of a change in a property of a material, which is related to the temperature difference. Polymer samples are typically in solid form and undergo various thermal transitions upon heating, including melting, phase transition, sublimation, and decomposition. The purpose of this study is to demonstrate how thermal techniques such as DSC and TGA may be used to evaluate polymer thermal stability through the examination of polymer characteristics such as glass transition temperatures, melting points, and mass changes. Different polymers have been investigated and used

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Peram, Shyamsundar Reddy, Madhava Rao Byraboina, Narendran Dama, Suryanarayana Murthy Kurivella, and Jagadish Mandava. "An Overview of Thermal Behavior of Polymers: Lead Acid Battery Applications." European Journal of Engineering and Technology Research 7, no. 1 (2022): 12–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.24018/ejeng.2022.7.1.2704.

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Thermal analysis is the analysis of a change in a property of a material, which is related to the temperature difference. Polymer samples are typically in solid form and undergo various thermal transitions upon heating, including melting, phase transition, sublimation, and decomposition. The purpose of this study is to demonstrate how thermal techniques such as DSC and TGA may be used to evaluate polymer thermal stability through the examination of polymer characteristics such as glass transition temperatures, melting points, and mass changes. Different polymers have been investigated and used

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Pan, Yi, Xianglong Cui, Hao Wang, Xu Lou, Shuangchun Yang, and Famuwagun Felix Oluwabusuyi. "Research Progress of Intelligent Polymer Plugging Materials." Molecules 28, no. 7 (2023): 2975. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules28072975.

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Intelligent polymers have become the focus of attention worldwide. Intelligent polymer materials through organic synthesis methods are used to make inanimate organic materials become “feeling” and “sentient”. Intelligent polymer materials have been applied in actual engineering production, and they are becoming a new research topic for scientists in various fields and countries, especially in the areas of drilling and plugging. The development of intelligent polymer materials can provide new solutions and technical means for drilling and plugging. Unlike traditional plugging materials, intelli

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Wall, B. G., J. L. Koenig, R. Bhargava, and C. M. Snively. "FTIR Imaging of Multiphase Polymer Systems." Microscopy and Microanalysis 5, S2 (1999): 992–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1431927600018286.

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Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) Microspectroscopy is a powerful method to examine and characterize domains down to areas of 10х10 μm2. Spatial concentration maps of chemical species were obtained using apertures to sequentially examine areas on a grid and obtain a map by plotting average spectral absorbance data obtained from each of the areas. New Focal Plane Array (FPA) detectors, composed of a large number (in our case, 64х64) of small detectors arranged in a grid pattern, allow simultaneous collection of infrared radiation at many points from a large spatial region (500х500 μm2 in our ca

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Jonas, Wolf. "RNA-Inspired and Accelerated Degradation of Polylactide in Seawater." Journal of the American Chemical Society 143, no. x (2021): 16673−16681. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10454365.

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ABSTRACT: Marine plastic pollution is a worldwide challenge making advances in thefield of biodegradable polymer materials necessary. Polylactide (PLA) is a promisingbiodegradable polymer used in various applications; however, it has a very slow seawaterdegradability. Herein, we present the first library of PLA derivatives with incorporated“breaking points” to vary the speed of degradation in artificial seawater from years toweeks. Inspired by the fast hydrolysis of ribonucleic acid (RNA) by intramoleculartransesterification, we installed phosphoester breaking points with similar h

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15

Kryczka, T., P. Grieb, M. Bero, J. Kasperczyk, and P. Dobrzynski. "Kinetics of a nucleoside release from lactide-caprolactone and lactide-glycolide polymers in vitro." Acta Biochimica Polonica 47, no. 1 (2000): 59–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.18388/abp.2000_4062.

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We assessed the rate of release of a model nucleoside (adenosine, 5%, w/w) from nine different lactide-glycolide or lactide-caprolactone polymers. The polymer discs were eluted every second day with an artificial cerebrospinal fluid at the elution rate roughly approximating the brain extracellular fluid formation rate. Adenosine in eluate samples was assayed by HPLC. Three polymers exhibited a relatively constant release of adenosine for over four weeks, resulting in micromolar concentrations of nucleoside in the eluate. This points to the necessity of further development of polymers of this t

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Guseva, M. A., L. A. Prokopova, and М. A. Khaskov. "Determination of the melting point of solid polymers by rheological method." Industrial laboratory. Diagnostics of materials 87, no. 7 (2021): 38–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.26896/1028-6861-2021-87-7-38-43.

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The rheological properties of polymer systems determine their deformation behavior and the relationship between stresses, strains and strain rates. We present the results of determining the melting points of solid polymer compounds by the rheological method. Tests were carried out using a rotary rheometer in an oscillating mode. Using the obtained thermomechanical dependences, the experimental data were compared with the values determined by standard analytical (capillary method) and thermal (differential scanning calorimetry) methods. The viscous and elastic behavior of the samples were analy

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17

Kumar, Avishek, Ahmed Al-Jumaili, Kateryna Bazaka, Peter Mulvey, Jeffrey Warner, and Mohan V. Jacob. "In-Situ Surface Modification of Terpinen-4-ol Plasma Polymers for Increased Antibacterial Activity." Materials 13, no. 3 (2020): 586. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma13030586.

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Surface modification of thin films is often performed to enhance their properties. In this work, in situ modification of Terpinen-4-ol (T4) plasma polymer is carried out via simultaneous surface functionalization and nanoparticle immobilization. Terpinen-4-ol plasma polymers surface were decorated with a layer of ZnO nanoparticles in an oxygen plasma environment immediately after polymer deposition. A combination of hydrophilic modification and ZnO nanoparticle functionalization of the T4 polymer surface led to an enhancement in antibacterial properties by factor of 3 (from 0.75 to 0.25 CFU.mm

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18

Zhao, Yaoli, Patatri Chakraborty, Nicholas Stavinski, et al. "Standoff and Point Detection of Thin Polymer Layers Using Microcantilever Photothermal Spectroscopy." Journal of The Electrochemical Society 169, no. 3 (2022): 037501. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/1945-7111/ac5657.

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Standoff detection based on optical spectroscopy is an attractive method for identifying materials at a distance with very high molecular selectivity. Standoff spectroscopy can be exploited in demanding practical applications such as sorting plastics for recycling. Here, we demonstrate selective and sensitive standoff detection of polymer films using bi-material cantilever-based photothermal spectroscopy. We demonstrate that the selectivity of the technique is sufficient to discriminate various polymers. We also demonstrate in situ, point detection of thin layers of polymers deposited on bi-ma

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Lee, Yi-Chang, Ho Chang, Ching-Long Wei, Rahnfong Lee, Hua-Yi Hsu, and Cheng-Chung Chang. "Determination of deformation of a highly oriented polymer under three-point bending using finite element analysis." e-Polymers 17, no. 1 (2017): 83–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/epoly-2016-0248.

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AbstractThe molecular chains of a highly oriented polymer lie in the same direction. A highly oriented polymer is an engineering material with a high strength-to-weight ratio and favorable mechanical properties. Such an orthotropic material has biaxially arranged molecular chains that resist stress in the tensile direction, giving it a high commercial value. In this investigation, finite element analysis (FEA) was utilized to elucidate the deformation and failure of a highly oriented polymer. Based on the principles of material mechanics and using the FEA software, Abaqus, a solid model of an

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de França, Juliene Oliveira Campos, Deborah da Silva Valadares, Mateus Freitas Paiva, Sílvia Cláudia Loureiro Dias, and José Alves Dias. "Polymers Based on PLA from Synthesis Using D,L-Lactic Acid (or Racemic Lactide) and Some Biomedical Applications: A Short Review." Polymers 14, no. 12 (2022): 2317. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym14122317.

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Poly(lactic acid) (PLA) is an important polymer that is based on renewable biomass resources. Because of environmental issues, more renewable sources for polymers synthesis have been sought for industrial purposes. In this sense, cheaper monomers should be used to facilitate better utilization of less valuable chemicals and therefore granting more sustainable processes. Some points are raised about the need to study the total degradability of any PLA, which may require specific composting conditions (e.g., temperature, type of microorganism, adequate humidity and aerobic environment). Polymeri

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Dullaert, Konraad, Gerard van Doremaele, Martin van Duin, and Herman Dikland. "QUANTITATIVE ASSESSMENT OF THE BRANCHING ARCHITECTURE OF EPDM WITH HIGH CONTENT OF 5-VINYL-2-NORBORNENE AS THIRD MONOMER." Rubber Chemistry and Technology 86, no. 4 (2013): 503–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.5254/rct.13.87946.

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ABSTRACT The branching architecture of high-molecular-weight EPDM polymers with high amounts of 5-vinyl-2-norbornene (VNB) as a third monomer, produced using recently developed Keltan ACE™ technology, was assessed by means of the dilution rheology method proposed by Crosby et al.1 and compared with conventional Ziegler–Natta EPDM grades. First, the dilution rheology results were converted into a single convenient parameter, called the dilution slope. Next, by combining the dilution rheology results with gel permeation chromatography data and assuming trifunctional branching points, we calculat

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Ahagon, Asahiro. "Molecular Weight Defined in Sol-Gel Analysis and Its Application to Evaluate Branching." Rubber Chemistry and Technology 68, no. 2 (1995): 287–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.5254/1.3538743.

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Abstract It is considered that many “linear” polymers are actually branched; however, it is difficult to show this with ordinary methods for an arbitrarily chosen polymer. Branching can be regarded as premature crosslinking below the gel point. Attention is then paid to the well-established Charlesby-Pinner Equation used for sol-gel analysis in crosslinking studies. It contains the number average degree of polymerization before crosslinking as a parameter. The molecular parameter is considered here to be that of the virtual linear polymer which would be obtained by unlinking any branch points

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Aldana, Maximino, Miguel Fuentes-Cabrera, and Martín Zumaya. "Self-Propulsion Enhances Polymerization." Entropy 22, no. 2 (2020): 251. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/e22020251.

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Self-assembly is a spontaneous process through which macroscopic structures are formed from basic microscopic constituents (e.g., molecules or colloids). By contrast, the formation of large biological molecules inside the cell (such as proteins or nucleic acids) is a process more akin to self-organization than to self-assembly, as it requires a constant supply of external energy. Recent studies have tried to merge self-assembly with self-organization by analyzing the assembly of self-propelled (or active) colloid-like particles whose motion is driven by a permanent source of energy. Here we pr

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Rondinella, Alfredo, Francesco Andreatta, Daniele Turrin, and Lorenzo Fedrizzi. "Degradation Mechanisms Occurring in PTFE-Based Coatings Employed in Food-Processing Applications." Coatings 11, no. 11 (2021): 1419. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/coatings11111419.

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The application of polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) coatings to metal surfaces is a well-known procedure carried out to avoid fouling phenomena on food-processing surfaces. Fluorine-based polymers are generally chemically and thermally stable, thus allowing them to be the preferred choice when designing anti-stick coatings in the food service industry. Their lifespan, however, depends on the environmental conditions. It is well known that thermal ageing can affect the properties of PTFE polymers and reduce their mechanical, thermal, and chemical properties causing failures and contaminating food

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Zheng, Jiaojiao, Jing Zhang, Fengniu Lu, et al. "Visualization of Polymer–Surfactant Interaction by Dual-Emissive Gold Nanocluster Labeling." Biosensors 12, no. 9 (2022): 686. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/bios12090686.

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Polymer-surfactant interaction decides the performance of corresponding complexes, making its rapid and intuitionistic visualization important for enhancing the performance of products and/or processing in related fields. In this study, the fluorescence visualization of the interaction between cationic hyperbranched polyethyleneimine and anionic sodium dodecyl sulfonate surfactant was realized by dual-emissive gold nanocluster labeling. The sensing mechanism was due to the interaction-induced polymer conformation change, which regulated the molecular structure and subsequent photoradiation pro

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Afio, Ayarema, Komlan Lolo, Kodjo Attipou, Komla Assogba Kassegne, and Sonnou Tiem. "DYNAMIC THREE-POINTS-BENDING TEST MODE OF TWO AMORPHOUS POLYMER MATERIALS (PMMA, PC) FOR THEIR VISCOELASTIC AND MECHANICAL CHARACTERIZATION." International Journal of Advanced Research 9, no. 08 (2021): 448–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.21474/ijar01/13287.

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This paper presents an approach to classifying amorphous polymer materials. Temperature is This classiÃƒÂ¯Ã‚Â¬Ã‚Âcation involves the determination of mechanical and viscoelastic characteristics considered a descriptive variable to clarify the speciÃƒÂ¯Ã‚Â¬Ã‚Âc ÃƒÂ¯Ã‚Â¬Ã‚Âeld of practical applications of amorphous polymers. according to the reference temperature characterizing the behaviour of polymer materials. The mechanical and viscoelastic characteristics of amorphous polymers such as methyl poly-methacrylate (PMMA), polycarbonate (PC) and imide poly ether (PEI) are determined through th

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Ali Kadhim Mohammed1 and Moayad N. Khalaf. "Synthesis And Characterization Of Copolymers As Pour Point Depressants And Viscosity Index Improvers For Lubricating Oil." Journal of Kufa for Chemical Sciences 2, no. 9 (2023): 264–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.36329/jkcm/2022/v2.i9.13298.

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poly (1-hexene-co-maleic anhydride) was prepared by free radical polymerization of maleic anhydride with 1-hexene. 1- tetradecanol and 1-hexadecanol were reacted with the poly(l-hexene-co-maleic anhydride)to produce poly (1-hexene-co-ditetraclecyl maleate) and poly (1-hexene-co-dihexadecyl maleate) respectively . Poly (methyl methacrylate-co-maleic anhydride) was prepared from the reaction maleic anhydride with methyl methacrylate by free radical polymerization, then the resulting polymer was reacted with 1-tetradecanol to give poly(methyl methacrylate-co-maleic anhydride). the three prepared

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Zhang, Xinyang, Xinyang Wang, Jian Li, Shuo Zhang, Qingxin Zhang, and Xiaoyan Yu. "Synthesis of Pyridine Heterocyclic Low-Melting-Point Phthalonitrile Monomer and the Effects of Different Curing Agents on Resin Properties." Polymers 14, no. 21 (2022): 4700. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym14214700.

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A phthalonitrile monomer (DPTP) containing pyridine with sulfide bonds was prepared and cured into polymers using different curing agents under the same temperature-programmed process. We characterized and comprehensively evaluated the effects of different curing agents on the thermal and thermomechanical properties of phthalonitrile resin, showing that the DPTP monomer cured with naphthalene-containing curing agent exhibited the best performance among the three polymers. Differential scanning calorimetric (DSC) investigation manifested that the melting point of the DPTP monomer was 61 °C, wit

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Arsenie, Laura, Franziska Hausig, Carolin Kellner, et al. "Stimuli-Responsive Thiomorpholine Oxide-Derived Polymers with Tailored Hydrophilicity and Hemocompatible Properties." Molecules 27, no. 13 (2022): 4233. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules27134233.

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Thermo-responsive hydrophilic polymers, including those showing tuneable lower critical solution temperature (LCST), represent a continuous subject of exploration for a variety of applications, but particularly in nanomedicine. Since biological pH changes can inform the organism about the presence of disequilibrium or diseases, the development of dual LCST/pH-responsive hydrophilic polymers with biological potential is an attractive subject in polymer science. Here, we present a novel polymer featuring LCST/pH double responsiveness. The monomer ethylthiomorpholine oxide methacrylate (THOXMA) c

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Papuc, Alexandra, Simion Bran, Marioara Moldovan, et al. "How Is Bone Regeneration Influenced by Polymer Membranes? Insight into the Histological and Radiological Point of View in the Literature." Membranes 14, no. 9 (2024): 193. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/membranes14090193.

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The aim of this study was to analyze published works that investigate the in vivo bone regeneration capacity of polymeric membranes loaded with active substances and growth factors. This scoping review’s purpose was to highlight the histological and radiological interpretation of the locally produced effects of the polymer membranes studied so far. For the selection of the articles, a search was made in the PubMed and ScienceDirect databases, according to the PRISMA algorithm, for research/clinical trial type studies. The search strategy was represented by the formula “((biodegradable scaffold

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Raimo, Maria. "Impact of Thermal Properties on Crystalline Structure, Polymorphism and Morphology of Polymer Matrices in Composites." Materials 14, no. 9 (2021): 2136. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma14092136.

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Morphological analysis at different levels is fundamental to understand properties of materials, as these latter are dictated not only by the chemical composition but also by the shape. Solid structures arise from a balance between thermodynamic and kinetic factors, which, especially for polymer composites, depend also on interactions amongst components. In particular, morphology is strongly affected by the heat transfer pattern during crystallization and by the difference in thermal behavior between polymer matrix and filler. Polymers show a spherulitic structure, arising from the start of cr

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Sgambitterra, Emanuele, and Leonardo Pagnotta. "Permeability: The Driving Force That Influences the Mechanical Behavior of Polymers Used for Hydrogen Storage and Delivery." Energies 17, no. 9 (2024): 2216. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en17092216.

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This article explores the main mechanisms that can generate damage in polymers and polymer-based materials used for hydrogen storage and distribution infrastructures. All of these mechanisms are driven by the permeability process that is enhanced by the operating temperature and pressure conditions. Hydrogen storage and delivery systems typically work under high pressure and a relatively wide range of temperatures, especially during the filling and emptying processes. Therefore, it is of great interest to better understand how this phenomenon can influence the integrity of polymer-based hydrog

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Hong, Shi, and Zhu Qing. "Microwave Technology Based Polymer Process." Applied Mechanics and Materials 484-485 (January 2014): 132–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.484-485.132.

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In this paper the author summarizes the application of microwave techniques in the bulk polymerization, solution polymerization, emulsion polymerization and functional polymer. It is pointed out that the microwave technology can reduce the time and energy consumptions of the polymerization reaction, and improve the properties of polymeric reaction rate, yield and selectivity, which will play an important role in the green chemistry synthesis of polymers.

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Bahrami, M., M. M. Yovanovich, and E. E. Marotta. "Thermal Joint Resistance of Polymer-Metal Rough Interfaces." Journal of Electronic Packaging 128, no. 1 (2005): 23–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2159005.

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A compact analytical model is proposed for predicting thermal joint resistance of rough polymer-metal interfaces in a vacuum. The model assumes plastic deformation at microcontacts and joint temperatures less than the polymer’s glassy temperature. The joint resistance includes two components: (i) bulk resistance of the polymer, and (ii) microcontacts resistance, i.e., constriction∕spreading resistance of the microcontacts at the interface. Performing a deformation analysis, it is shown that the deformation mode of surface asperities is plastic for most polymers studied. It is observed that the

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JU, JUNG JIN, SEUNG KOO PARK, JUNG YUN DO, et al. "QUASI-PHASE-MATCHED SECOND-HARMONIC GENERATION IN NONLINEAR OPTICAL POLYMER WAVEGUIDE." Journal of Nonlinear Optical Physics & Materials 13, no. 03n04 (2004): 383–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218863504002328.

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We address issues related to quasi-phase-matched (QPM) second-harmonic generation (SHG) in nonlinear polymer waveguide for applying at optical communication. This field of research is very challenging because the high nonlinearity of polymers leads the device to operate at low pump power levels. However, key problems to this approach include difficulty of phase matching, the high propagation losses of the guided waves, and low nonlinearity contrast in the +/0 type QPM geometry. By optimizing these points on material development, waveguide design, and device fabrication, we demonstrate a QPM SH

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Cao, Jun Hui, Wen Zhi Fu, Ming Zhe Li, Chun Guo Liu, and He Li Peng. "Research of Polycarbonate Sheet Processing Based on Multi-Point Forming." Applied Mechanics and Materials 161 (March 2012): 77–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.161.77.

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Although multi-point forming (MPF) is an advanced processing technique and has been investigated comprehensively as a metal working operation, there are few papers published to deal with MPF of polymers. The present paper reviews the features of MPF and evaluates the possibility of producing polymer components by means of MPF. The experimental research work makes use of PC sheets with a thickness of 3.82 mm. Numerical simulations were performed with the software ABAQUS, then spherical and saddle-shaped components were manufactured by MPF. The geometrical deviations between shaped components an

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Smith, Stephanie A., Jillian Huyck, Sharon H. Choi, and James H. Morrissey. "The Various Procoagulant Effects of PolyP Require Different Minimal Polymer Lengths." Blood 110, no. 11 (2007): 1761. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v110.11.1761.1761.

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Abstract Introduction: Polyphosphates (polyP) are negatively charged, linear phosphate polymers found throughout biology. PolyP in prokaryotes and unicellular eukaryotes is typically hundreds of phosphate units long, while polyP in dense granules of human platelets is ∼75 phosphates long. PolyP is secreted upon platelet activation, and we recently reported that it is a potent hemostatic regulator, acting at multiple points in the clotting cascade: PolyP triggers the contact pathway, accelerates factor V activation, and abrogates the anticoagulant function of tissue factor pathway inhibitor (TF

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Sharifpanah, Fatemeh, Matthias Reinhardt, Johanna Schönleben, et al. "Embryonic Stem Cells for Tissue Biocompatibility, Angiogenesis, and Inflammation Testing." Cells Tissues Organs 204, no. 1 (2017): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000471794.

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Aim: To introduce embryoid bodies derived from mouse embryonic stem (ES) cells, which differentiate blood vessel-like structures and leukocytes, as a novel in vitro model system for biocompatibility, inflammation, and angiogenesis studies. Methodology/Results: Punched spherical discs of bioabsorbable polymers (ε-caprolactone and L-lactide in different compositions) with a diameter of 2 mm and a thickness of 0.2 mm were inoculated with embryoid bodies for cocultivation. As reference material for biocompatible, nonbioabsorbable, and bioincompatible materials, polymer punched discs of petriPERM (

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Magonov, Sergei, Marko Surtchev, John Alexander, Ivan Malovichko, and Sergey Belikov. "Mapping of Nanoscale Mechanical Properties of Polymers in Quasi-static and Oscillatory Atomic Force Microscopy Modes." MRS Advances 1, no. 40 (2016): 2763–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/adv.2016.539.

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ABSTRACTRecent advances in studies of local mechanical properties of polymers with different atomic force microscopy techniques (contact, Hybrid and amplitude modulation modes) are described in interplay between experiment and theory. Analysis of force curves and time dependencies of probe response to sample compliance, which were recorded on a number of polymer materials at various temperatures, leads to quantitative mapping of specific mechanical properties (elastic modulus, work of adhesion, etc). High spatial resolution of elastic modulus mapping (10-20 nm) is illustrated in measurements o

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Contreras, L., L. M. Melgoza, A. Aguilar-de-Leyva, and I. Caraballo. "Collaboration between HPMC and NaCMC in order to Reach the Polymer Critical Point in Theophylline Hydrophilic Matrices." Scientific World Journal 2012 (2012): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1100/2012/171292.

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Percolation theory has been applied in order to study the existence of critical points as well as the possibility to find a “combined percolation threshold” for ternary hydrophilic matrices prepared with HPMC, NaCMC, and theophylline. For this purpose, different batches of ternary as well as binary hydrophilic matrices have been prepared. Critical points have been found for binary hydrophilic matrices between 21.5 and 31.3% (v/v) of HPMC and between 39 and 54% (v/v) of NaCMC, respectively. In a previous work carried out with the same polymers but a much more soluble drug (KCl), it was demonstr

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Kjalarsdóttir, Lilja, Arna Dýrfjörd, Atli Dagbjartsson, et al. "Bone remodeling effect of a chitosan and calcium phosphate-based composite." Regenerative Biomaterials 6, no. 4 (2019): 241–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/rb/rbz009.

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Abstract Chitosan is a biocompatible polymer that has been widely studied for tissue engineering purposes. The aim of this research was to assess bone regenerative properties of an injectable chitosan and calcium phosphate-based composite and identify optimal degree of deacetylation (%DDA) of the chitosan polymer. Drill holes were generated on the left side of a mandible in Sprague-Dawley rats, and the hole was either left empty or filled with the implant. The animals were sacrificed at several time points after surgery (7–22 days) and bone was investigated using micro-CT and histology. No sig

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Tarasova, N. P., E. G. Krivoborodov, and Y. O. Mezhuev. "CURRENT TRENDS IN THE SYNTHESIS OF INORGANIC AND ORGANOELEMENT PHOSPHORUS- AND SULFUR-CONTAINING POLYMERS. A REVIEW." Доклады Российской академии наук. Химия, науки о материалах 512, no. 1 (2023): 5–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.31857/s2686953523600022.

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The analysis of the literature data on the set of reactions for the production of macromolecules with a high content of phosphorus and sulfur is carried out, and the main approaches allowing to involve these elements in the composition of polymers and polymer materials, considering the fundamental principles of green chemistry, are considered. The methods leading to the formation of functional polymers under mild conditions with minimal energy consumption from external sources necessary for the synthesis, which can become new growth points of green industrial technologies, are considered. Part

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Qiu, Liangwei, Xiaoyang Chen, and Fakai Dong. "Effects of polymers concentration on EHL film-forming in point contacts." Industrial Lubrication and Tribology 73, no. 3 (2021): 436–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ilt-07-2020-0263.

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Purpose This paper aims to experimentally investigate the film-forming capability of base oils containing poly-methacrylate (PMA) and poly-isobutene (PIB), in a point contact under pure rolling. Design/methodology/approach By using the relative light intensity method, the film thickness is calculated from the interferometer images which are captured by multiple-contact optical elastohydrodynamic lubricated test rig. Findings The test results reveal that polymers, both PMA and PIB, have a significant contribution to the film-forming capability of base oils and the film thickness increases with

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Wang, Xudong, Binshan Ju, Yi Jin, and Yapeng Tian. "Iso-Permeability Point Trail Method to Determine the Relative Permeability Curve for a New Amphiphilic Polymer Flooding." Energies 16, no. 21 (2023): 7362. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en16217362.

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Amphiphilic-polymer flooding, which can increase water viscosity, decrease oil viscosity, and improve oil displacement efficiency, is a promising oil exploitation method for heavy oil. Due to oil–water emulsification, shear-thinning, and changes in oil viscosity when determining the relative permeability data of new amphiphilic polymers, the conventional J.B.N. method is not accurate. This paper presents a new method called the iso-permeability point trial method to determine the relative permeability curve by combining the J.B.N. method, the Corey model, and the relationship between water sat

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Cuthbertson, Leslie, Iain L. Mainprize, James H. Naismith, and Chris Whitfield. "Pivotal Roles of the Outer Membrane Polysaccharide Export and Polysaccharide Copolymerase Protein Families in Export of Extracellular Polysaccharides in Gram-Negative Bacteria." Microbiology and Molecular Biology Reviews 73, no. 1 (2009): 155–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/mmbr.00024-08.

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SUMMARY Many bacteria export extracellular polysaccharides (EPS) and capsular polysaccharides (CPS). These polymers exhibit remarkably diverse structures and play important roles in the biology of free-living, commensal, and pathogenic bacteria. EPS and CPS production represents a major challenge because these high-molecular-weight hydrophilic polymers must be assembled and exported in a process spanning the envelope, without compromising the essential barrier properties of the envelope. Emerging evidence points to the existence of molecular scaffolds that perform these critical polymer-traffi

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Toma, Flavia Roxana, Lavinia Cristina Moleriu, and Liliana Porojan. "Micro-CT Marginal and Internal Fit Evaluation of CAD/CAM High-Performance Polymer Onlay Restorations." Polymers 15, no. 7 (2023): 1715. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym15071715.

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(1) Background: The use of high-performance polymers for fixed restorations requires additional studies regarding their adaptability and processing with CAD/CAM technology. This in vitro study aims to assess the marginal and internal fit of PEEK and PEKK materials using microcomputed tomography. (2) Methods: Twenty-four (n = 8) MOD onlays made of PEKK (Pekkton ivory), unmodified PEEK (Juvora medical), and modified PEEK (BioHPP) were investigated. A typodont mandibular left first molar was scanned to achieve 24 resin, 3D printed abutment teeth. The onlays were fabricated with a five-axis millin

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Furukawa, Junju. "Transition points of polymers." Journal of Applied Polymer Science 57, no. 9 (1995): 1085–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1995.070570907.

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Cheng, Xiaoxiao, Tengfei Miao, Yilin Qian, Zhengbiao Zhang, Wei Zhang, and Xiulin Zhu. "Supramolecular Chirality in Azobenzene-Containing Polymer System: Traditional Postpolymerization Self-Assembly Versus In Situ Supramolecular Self-Assembly Strategy." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 21, no. 17 (2020): 6186. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms21176186.

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Recently, the design of novel supramolecular chiral materials has received a great deal of attention due to rapid developments in the fields of supramolecular chemistry and molecular self-assembly. Supramolecular chirality has been widely introduced to polymers containing photoresponsive azobenzene groups. On the one hand, supramolecular chiral structures of azobenzene-containing polymers (Azo-polymers) can be produced by nonsymmetric arrangement of Azo units through noncovalent interactions. On the other hand, the reversibility of the photoisomerization also allows for the control of the supr

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Lin, Guo Min, Fang Yuan, and Yan Hua Li. "Current Situation and Latest Development of Intelligent Materials." Advanced Materials Research 989-994 (July 2014): 288–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.989-994.288.

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The background and design idea of the intelligent materials is introduced. Three elements of intelligent materials are given. Then based on classifying of intelligent materials, the features and applications of intelligent materials are researched.Principle and the latest applications of typical intelligent materials such as optical fiber, shape memory alloys, shape memory polymers, piezoelectric, magnetostrictive materials, fluid material and polymer colloid are analyzed simplely. The research difficulties and the future research focuses of intelligent material are pointed out.

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Rothwell, S. W., W. A. Grasser, and D. B. Murphy. "End-to-end annealing of microtubules in vitro." Journal of Cell Biology 102, no. 2 (1986): 619–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1083/jcb.102.2.619.

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Mixtures of pre-formed microtubules, polymerized from chicken erythrocyte and brain tubulin, rapidly anneal end-to-end in vitro in standard microtubule assembly buffer. The erythrocyte tubulin segments in annealed heteropolymers can be distinguished by an immunoelectron microscopic assay that uses an antibody specific for chicken erythrocyte beta-tubulin. An annealing process is consistent with the following observations: (a) Microtubule number decreases while the polymer mass remains constant. (b) As the total number of microtubules declines, the number of heteropolymers, and the number of se

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