Academic literature on the topic 'Poison information centres'
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Journal articles on the topic "Poison information centres"
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Vassilev, Zdravko P., John Kashani, Bruce Ruck, Robert S. Hoffman, and Steven M. Marcus. "Poison Control Center Surge Capacity during an Unusual Increase in Call Volume–Results from a Natural Experiment." Prehospital and Disaster Medicine 22, no. 1 (2007): 55–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1049023x00004349.
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AbstractIntroduction:Poison Control Centers (PCCs) play an integral role in the preparation for and management of poison emergencies. Large-scale public health disasters, caused by both natural and human factors, may result in a drastic increase in the number of inquiries received and handled by Poison Control Centers (PCCs) in short periods of time. In order to plan and prepare for such public health emergencies, it is important for PCCs to assess their ability tohandle the surge in call volume and to examine how the unusually large number of calls could affect the level of services. On 26 January 2006, the New York City Poison Center experienced a sudden loss of telephone service.The disruption in telephone service led to the need to reroute calls from that geographical catchment area to the New Jersey Poison Information and Education System (NJPIES) for several hours.Methods:Data from the New Jersey Poison Information and Education System was abstracted from the telephone switch's internal reporting system and the New Jersey Poison Information and Education System's electronic record system and processed with a standard spreadsheet application.Results:Compared to the same time and day in the previous week, the total number of calls received by the New Jersey Poison Information and Education System during the four hours after the disruption increased by 148%. A substantial rise in the number of calls was observed in almost every 15-minute increment during this four-hour (h) time period (with some of these increments increasing as much as 525%). Meanwhile, the percentage of calls answered by the New Jersey Poison Information and Education System decreased, and the percentage of calls abandoned during a 15-minute increment reached as high as 62%. Furthermore, the average time for handling calls was longer than usual in most of these 15-minute increments.Conclusions:Limitations of the telephone technology, which impacted the ability of the New Jersey Poison Information and Education System to respond to the surge of calls, were observed. While the New Jersey Poison Information and Education System was able to handle the unusual increase of incoming calls using available poison specialists and staff, the experience gained from this natural experiment demonstrates the need for Poison Control Centres to have a pre-planned surge capacity protocol that can be implemented rapidly during a public health emergency. A number of challenges that Poison Control Centres must meet in order to have adequate surge capacity during such events were identified.
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Werner, B. "The use of acute toxicity data in poison information centres." Acta Pharmacologica et Toxicologica 52 (March 13, 2009): 263–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0773.1983.tb02694.x.
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Cairns, Rose, Jared A. Brown, and Nicholas A. Buckley. "Clonidine exposures in children under 6 (2004–2017): a retrospective study." Archives of Disease in Childhood 104, no. 3 (2018): 287–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/archdischild-2018-316026.
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ObjectiveTo describe trends in clonidine exposures in children under 6. Clonidine has become increasingly popular for management of paediatric behavioural disorders. Clonidine has a narrow therapeutic index, and toxicity can occur with inadvertent double dosing. Clonidine is not recommended for use in children under 6 years.Design and settingA retrospective review of clonidine exposures in children under 6 reported to the New South Wales Poisons Information Centre (NSWPIC, Australia’s largest poison centre), 2004–2017. This was compared with community clonidine utilisation using dispensing data from Australian Statistics on Medicines, 2004–2015. Australian trends were compared with clonidine exposure calls to US poison centres, 2006–2016.Main outcome measuresTrends in poisonings and dispensing; demographics, dose, exposure type, clonidine source, symptoms, disposition.ResultsThere were 802 clonidine exposures in the NSWPIC database, increasing 4.9% per year, 2004–2017 (95% CI 3.1% to 6.7%, p<0.001), correlated with increased dispensing, r=0.846 (95% CI 0.529 to 0.956, p<0.001). 78.6% were hospitalised and medical toxicologists were consulted in 7.2%, indicating high risk and/or morbidity. Clonidine was prescribed for the patient in at least 27.8%, providing evidence for prescribing outside of recommendations. US data reveals 19 056 clonidine exposures, with 3.7% increase per year, 2006–2016 (95% CI 2.2% to 5.3%, p<0.001).ConclusionsClonidine exposures in children under 6 are increasing, and this trend is not isolated to Australia. Exposures have a high hospital referral rate and high morbidity. Caution should be exercised when prescribing clonidine, and parent/carer education is important for safe storage and increased vigilance when dosing.
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Moshobane, Moleseng Claude, Alessia Bertero, Carine Marks, et al. "Plants and mushrooms associated with animal poisoning incidents in South Africa." Veterinary Record Open 7, no. 1 (2020): e000402. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/vetreco-2020-000402.
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BackgroundThere is extensive literature on animal poisoning from plants and mushrooms worldwide; however, there is limited account of poisoning from South Africa.MethodsThis study sought to describe and provide an overview of animal poison exposures in South Africa. Poisoning episodes reported to the Poisons Information Helpline of the Western Cape, jointly run by the Poisons Information Centres at the Red Cross War Memorial Children’s Hospital and Tygerberg Hospital over a period of approximately 2.5 years, from June 2015 to November 2017, were analysed to identify exposure patterns, severity and clinical outcomes.ResultsAlien plant species accounted for most cases (n=10) of reported poison exposures. Among the 26 recorded animal poisoning episodes, the dog was the most commonly implicated species (n=24), whereas just two enquiries were related to other animals (one rabbit and one cow) . There were 20 plant cases and 6 mushroom cases (all dogs). There was only one fatal case involving cycad in a dog.ConclusionFeatures of animal poisoning in South Africa were similar to those in other countries. The reported cases of animals exposed to poisonous plants and mushrooms could represent only a fraction of the actual exposures. Since most reported cases involved taxa that could not be identified to species level, more attention should be paid in case reporting and in animal poisoning prevention, engaging the public to enable people to recognise potentially hazardous plants and reduce the risk of poisoning in animals.
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Köppel, C., and F. Martens. "Clinical Experience in the Therapy of Bites from Exotic Snakes in Berlin." Human & Experimental Toxicology 11, no. 6 (1992): 549–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/096032719201100619.
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Since there are nearly no indigenous poisonous snakes in Germany, snake bites by poisonous snakes are rare. Most serious snake bites reported to poison information centres or treated at hospitals are caused by exotic snakes that are kept in private households. Only few types of antivenom are stored in emergency depots in Germany including polyvalent antivenoms from commercial sources. Since experience with the treatment of poisonous snake bites is limited, the records of the Intensive Care Unit and the Poison Information Centre of the Universitätsklinikum Rudolf Virchow from 1980-1991 were evaluated. During this period, 51 snake bites were reported. Eleven patients who had been bitten by exotic poisonous snakes were treated in intensive care. In eight of the cases, ethanol (blood levels on admission 1.2-4.2 g-1) had played an important role in the cause of the bite. A moderate to severe local inflammation at the site of the bite followed by oedema and necrosis was typical. One patient developed respiratory failure, probably because of the neurotoxic effects of the snake venom and a compartment syndrome necessitating fasciotomy. Haemolysis was observed in four patients and coagulopathy in six patients. All patients received polyvalent antivenom within 2-12 h of the snake bite. Despite serious coagulopathy in two of the patients and respiratory arrest in one, all survived without sequelae.
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Moshobane, M. C. "A retrospective investigation of the impacts of alien taxa on human health: A case study of two Poison Information Centres." South African Journal of Botany 115 (March 2018): 300. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.sajb.2018.02.089.
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Chan, YC, ML Tse, and FL Lau. "Hong Kong Poison Information Centre: Annual Report 2011." Hong Kong Journal of Emergency Medicine 19, no. 6 (2012): 394–404. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/102490791201900604.
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Objective To report and analyse the poisoning data of Hong Kong Poison Information Centre (HKPIC) in 2011. Methods In 2011, all poisoning cases received by HKPIC were retrieved from its database: Poison Information and Clinical Management System (PICMS) for analysis. Results A total of 4,331 poisoned cases were analysed. There were 1,915 male patients (44.2%), 2,411 female patients (55.7%) and 5 patients with sex unknown. More than two-third (68%) of them were between 20 and 59 years old. Common causes of exposure were suspected self-harm/suicidal attempt, unintentional exposure and abusive use. Paracetamol, benzodiazepine, household product, zopiclone, and Chinese herbal medicine were the top five commonest poisons encountered. Majority of the patients were managed supportively, with 12.1% and 8.5% treated by decontamination and antidotes respectively. Most cases had uneventful recovery; 1.0% of the poison exposure resulted in death and 4.8% of the exposure had major outcomes. Conclusions This 6th annual report provided updated epidemiological information on poisoning pattern in Hong Kong and emphasized some changes in comparing with our previous reports.
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Onyon, Lesley J., and Glyn N. Volans. "The Epidemiology and Prevention of Paraquat Poisoning." Human Toxicology 6, no. 1 (1987): 19–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/096032718700600104.
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1 In the UK there was an increase in the annual number of deaths associated with paraquat poisoning between 1966 and 1975. Since that time there has been little change in numbers. 2 High mortality is associated commonly with suicidal intent. Serious accidental poisoning from paraquat has never been frequent in the UK and there have been no deaths reported in children since 1977. 3 The National Poisons Information Service has monitored in detail all reports of paraquat poisoning since 1980. Of the 1074 cases recorded there were 209 deaths. In recent years serious poisoning has been more commonly associated with ingestion of concentrated products by males. Local exposure to paraquat has not resulted in systemic poisoning. 4 International data for paraquat poisoning is incomplete and difficult to compare. There is a scarcity of morbidity data at both international and national levels. Information obtained from Poison Control Centres indicates that paraquat poisoning occurs in many countries but detailed comparisons are hindered by lack of standardised methods of recording. 5 Various measures to prevent paraquat poisoning have been introduced. Their effectiveness has not been studied in detail. Some support is provided by the low incidence of serious accidental paraquat poisoning in the UK, but because of the suicidal nature of paraquat poisoning it is unlikely that current preventative measures will influence the number of deaths occurring each year. 6 Preventative measures against paraquat poisoning should be tailored to national needs, based on and assessed by epidemiological studies.
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Chan, Yiu Cheung, Chi Keung Chan, Chun Ho Ng, Sze Hong Ng, Kai Kee Lau, and Man Li Tse. "Hong Kong Poison Information Centre: Annual report 2016." Hong Kong Journal of Emergency Medicine 24, no. 5 (2017): 244–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1024907917724730.
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Objective: To report and analyse the poisoning data of Hong Kong Poison Information Centre in 2016. Methods: In 2016, all poisoning cases received by Hong Kong Poison Information Centre were retrieved from its database (Poison Information and Clinical Management System) for analysis. Results: A total of 4096 poisoned cases were analysed. There were 1871 male patients (45.7%), 2203 female patients (53.8%) and 22 sex unspecified patients (0.5%). The majority of the cases (63.1%) were between 20 and 59 years old. Common causes for poisoning were suspected self-harm/suicidal attempt (36.3%), unintentional exposure (18.4%) and abusive use (13.1%). Excluding the common co-ingestant ethanol, the five commonest types of poisons were benzodiazepines, paracetamol, household products, zopiclone and Chinese herbal medicine. Most patients were managed with supportive measures, while 14.3% and 12.9% of them were treated by decontamination and antidotes, respectively. Majority of the cases had uneventful recovery; 1% resulted in death and 3.9% had major outcomes. Six interesting cases and three poisoning outbreaks were discussed. Conclusion: This 11th annual report provided the updated epidemiological information on poisoning pattern in Hong Kong and highlighted important changes in comparing with our previous reports.
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Nadeem, Mohammed Naseeruddin, Maliha Maqdoom, and Mohammed Ezzuddin Akif. "A Prospective Observational Study on Pattern of Poisoning Cases Reported to Emergency Department of a Teaching Hospital in South India." Biomedical and Pharmacology Journal 13, no. 4 (2020): 1863–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.13005/bpj/2061.
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A prospective observational study of 12 months duration was conducted in a teaching hospital on 278 cases of acute poisoning reported to emergency department from October 2018 to October 2019. Data regarding patient demographics, type of poisoning agent, duration of hospital stay and outcome were collected and analyzed. The common poisoning agents ingested were organophosphate compounds (41%), drug overdose (36%), Rodenticide (9%), House cleaning agents (6%), Mosquito repellents (4%), Corrosives (1%) and Kerosene (1%). Common drug overdose leading to poisonings were sedatives (9%), followed by nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory agents (4%). Of the 278 patients, 87 (31%) were males below 30 years of age. A major number of the patients worked as labourers (27%) and farmers (17%) and most were illiterate (36%). Suicide (79%) was found to be the major reason for poisoning. Acute poisoning is a major public health issue, especially among younger population and less educated. Analyzing the trends in poisoning in south India periodically will assist the healthcare workers and policy makers to device suitable management and effective prevention strategies like educational interventions about insecticide handling and establishing poison information centres.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Poison information centres"
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Gandolfi, Eliane. "Eventos toxicologicos como problema de saude publica : informação, ações estrategicas e modelo de toxicovigilancia para o Sistema Unico de Saude." [s.n.], 2007. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/310858.
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Orientador: Maria da Graça Garcia Andrade<br>Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Ciencias Medicas<br>Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-11T12:06:38Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1
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Previous issue date: 2007<br>Resumo: O estudo objetivou conhecer a toxicovigilância no Brasil, com ênfase no estado de São Paulo, e propor diretrizes e modelo para o SUS. Foi utilizado banco organizado com esta finalidade a partir dos eventos toxicológicos registrados pelos CEATOX no Estado de São Paulo. Realizou-se dois estudos epidemiológicos descritivos de série de casos: um para o período de 1991 a 2000, no qual observou-se a distribuição em relação às características gerais dos eventos, dos pacientes, dos agentes tóxicos e das circunstâncias em que ocorreram, e outro em 1998, no qual observou-se a distribuição dos eventos toxicológicos relacionados a medicamentos. Encontrou-se no primeiro 128.769 eventos toxicológicos em humanos, originados em sua maioria de ligações telefônicas (68,65%), de serviços de saúde hospitalares (51%); 60,8% dos atendimentos presenciais, foram oriundos de enfermarias e, 33,3%, de UTI. Predominaram as exposições agudas (84,5%), por via oral (68%), oriundas de área urbana (87,8%). O principal local de exposição foi a residência (74%). Predominou para o sexo masculino (52%), com maior concentração até os 10 anos (43%), sobretudo aos 2 e 3 anos de idade. Os agentes tóxicos predominantes foram os: medicamentos (38,6%), agrotóxicos (17,9%) e produtos de uso domiciliar (15,4%). As principais circunstâncias: acidentais (47,0%), tentativas de suicídio (19,8%) e ocupacionais (11,7%). Os medicamentos ocuparam o 1º lugar entre todos os tipos de agentes tóxicos registrados, e foram predominantemente registrados por telefone (78,5%), a partir de hospitais (86,6%); originados em exposições agudas, por via oral (90,2%), em residências (85,7%) de área urbana (95%). Predominou para o sexo feminino (59%) e nos primeiros 10 anos de vida (49,4%), sobretudo aos 2 e 3 anos. Preponderaram os grupos terapêuticos: psiquiatria, analgesia/anestesia e respiratório. Preponderaram os princípios ativos: fenobarbital, diazepam, haloperidol, carbamazepina e bromazepam, e as circunstâncias: acidentais (38,8%) e tentativas de suicídio (36,5%). Foram analisados documentos marcos da política internacional, nacional, e estadual e os aspectos operacionais da toxicovigilância no SUS relacionados à: informação, assistência, vigilância à saúde, constituição de equipes e integração de áreas. Diagnosticaram-se os principais sistemas de informação que registram agravos com o objetivo de verificar o estado da arte em relação às necessidades da toxicovigilância, para o qual estabeleceram-se critérios. Considerou-se estratégica a construção de sistema específico, propôs-se instrumentos e aspectos operacionais. Propôs-se o modelo no marco da vigilância da saúde, a inclusão da exposição e do evento toxicológico como objeto do registro de informações para a toxicovigilância e que as análises e ações consideram causa e contexto, atuando de modo integrado, articulado, programático, com parcerias intersetoriais, promovendo ações preventivas, de promoção da saúde e de precaução<br>Abstract: The study to make known the toxicological surveillance in the Brazil, with accentuation in the State of São Paulo, as well as toxicological surveillance according to the National Health System guidelines and suggest and model. To assess the epidemiological characteristics of related toxic events in the Toxicology Centers in the State of São Paulo, Brazil, in period 1991 and 2000. A descriptive epidemiological case series study was conducted, using the category related toxic event, and registered cases were analyzed. The variables studied comprised the characteristics of the events and the affected patients, toxic agents and the circumstances involved. In the study 97% (128.769) the related toxic event concerning to human cases, related toxic events were mostly reported by phone (68.65%) and hospitals (51%); they were originated from acute exposure (84,5%), oral (68%) at home (74%) and place to work (13%) in the urban area (87.8%). Most people affected were males (59%) in their first decade of life (43%), mainly between two and three years of age. Drugs ranked first among all toxic agents registered in the Centers (38.6%) and pesticides (17.9%) and the products to use in home (15.4%). The main circumstances were accidental ingestion (47%) and suicidal attempts (19.8%) and the occupactional (11.7%). Another descriptive epidemiological case series study was conducted. Using the category "drug-related toxic event", 6,673 registered cases were analyzed in the Toxicology Centers in the State of São Paulo throughout 1998. The variables studied comprised the characteristics of the events and the affected patients, toxic agents and the circumstances involved. The analysis of toxic agents took into consideration three levels of disaggregation: therapeutical groups, active ingredients and commercial brand names. Drugs ranked first among all toxic agents registered in the Centers. Drug-related toxic events were mostly reported by phone (78.5%) and hospitals (86.6%); they were originated from acute oral exposure (90.2%) at home (85.7%) in the urban area (95%). Most people affected were females (59%) in their first decade of life (49.4%), mainly between two and three years of age. The most common active ingredients found were: phenobarbital, diazepam, haloperidol, carbamazepine and bromazepam. The main circumstances were accidental ingestion (38.8%) and suicidal attempts (36.5%) and among the related active ingredients, the most prevailing therapeutical group were psychiatric, analgesic/anesthetic and respiratory. Law-abiding practices regarding prescription drugs are needed, as well as toxicological surveillance according to the National Health System guidelines. Are needed as well as toxicological surveillance according to the National Health System guidelines. The instruments principal strategy the following the toxic events and the articulate to epidemiological surveillance and sanitary surveillance the occurrence to approach integral and sectors association actions<br>Doutorado<br>Saude Coletiva<br>Doutor em Saude Coletiva
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Färber, Elke Renate. "Humanexpositionen gegenüber tensidhaltigen Reinigungs- und Kosmetikprodukten." Doctoral thesis, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/11858/00-1735-0000-002E-E334-8.
Full textBooks on the topic "Poison information centres"
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Bortoletto, Maria Elide. Tóxicos, civilização e saúde: Contribuição à análise dos sistemas de informações tóxico-farmacológicas no Brasil. Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Centro de Informação Científica e Tecnológica, Núcleo de Estudos em Ciência e Tecnologia, 1993.
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Wheeler-Usher, Donna. A study of pharmacy externs' ability to respond to drug information requests received by the Oregon Poison Control and Drug Information Center. 1987.
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Office, General Accounting. Toxic substances: Information on costs and financial aid to schools to control asbestos : fact sheet for the Honorable John J. LaFalce, House of Representatives. U.S. General Accounting Office, 1992.
Find full textBook chapters on the topic "Poison information centres"
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Hahn, Axel. "Poison control centers." In Information Resources in Toxicology. Elsevier, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-12-813724-6.00078-5.
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Hahn, Axel. "Poison Control Centers." In Information Resources in Toxicology. Elsevier, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-12-373593-5.00075-6.
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"Poison Control Centers." In Information Resources in Toxicology. Elsevier, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-012744770-4/50060-3.
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Hon, S. L. "Drug and Poison Information Centers." In Encyclopedia of Toxicology. Elsevier, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-12-386454-3.00805-8.
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"Convergence to the Poisson Distribution." In Information Theory and the Central Limit Theorem. PUBLISHED BY IMPERIAL COLLEGE PRESS AND DISTRIBUTED BY WORLD SCIENTIFIC PUBLISHING CO., 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/9781860945373_0007.
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Meghanathan, Natarajan. "Centrality Analysis of the United States Network Graph." In Encyclopedia of Information Science and Technology, Fourth Edition. IGI Global, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-2255-3.ch152.
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We model the contiguous states (48 states and the District of Columbia) of the United States (US) as an undirected network graph with each state represented as a node and there is an edge between two nodes if the corresponding two states share a common border. We determine a ranking of the states in the US with respect to the four commonly studied centrality metrics: degree, eigenvector, betweenness and closeness. We observe the states of Missouri and Maine to be respectively the most central state and the least central state with respect to all the four centrality metrics. The degree distribution is bi-modal Poisson. The eigenvector and closeness centralities also exhibit Poisson distribution, while the betweenness centrality exhibits power-law distribution. We observe a higher correlation in the ranking of vertices based on the degree centrality and betweenness centrality.
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Moumtzoglou, Anastasius S. "Tailored M-Health Communication in Patient-Centered Care." In Advances in Healthcare Information Systems and Administration. IGI Global, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-4666-9861-1.ch016.
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Emerging M-Health technologies provide fundamentally different ways of looking at tailored communication technology. As a result, tailored communications research is poised at a crossroads. It needs to both build on and break away from existing frameworks into new territory, realizing the necessary commitment to theory-driven research at basic, methodological, clinical, and applied levels. In this context, the revolution of M-Health holds great promise in both health care and public health. The chapter envisions tailored M-Health communication in the context of patient-centered care, as it remains to be seen whether the revolution in M-Health will provide the tools to engineer sufficient impact on patient-centered care and tailored communication.
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Trevino-Martinez, Salvador. "Business Education Management Models." In Business Education and Ethics. IGI Global, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-3153-1.ch014.
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Business schools operate in highly dynamic internal and external environments. This chapter approaches schools of business management systems as integrated networks that emerge as responses to the demands poised by diverse constituencies. Integrated networks operate efficiently when considerations such as business cycle patterns, information exchange and cooperation, critical processes, and organizational designs are believed to be about the influence of internal and external factors. It is concluded that integrated networks help to explain the ways in which schools of business may achieve their mandate of providing quality educational results while managing the increasing environmental pressures bestowed upon them by internal and external educational environment. It is also concluded that since there is no one best management model for academic institutions, to adopt a continuous screening of the business school environment becomes a central element behind its ability to thrive in a competitive environment.
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Lee, P. J. "Estimating Mature Plays." In Statistical Methods for Estimating Petroleum Resources, edited by Jo Anne DeGraffenreid. Oxford University Press, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195331905.003.0009.
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A key objective in petroleum resource evaluation is to estimate oil and gas pool size (or field size) or oil and gas joint probability distributions for a particular population or play. The pool-size distribution, together with the number-of-pools distribution in a play can then be used to predict quantities such as the total remaining potential, the individual pool sizes, and the sizes of the largest undiscovered pools. These resource estimates provide the fundamental information upon which petroleum economic analyses and the planning of exploration strategies can be based. The estimation of these types of pool-size distributions is a difficult task, however, because of the inherent sampling bias associated with exploration data. In many plays, larger pools tend to be discovered during the earlier phases of exploration. In addition, a combination of attributes, such as reservoir depth and distance to transportation center, often influences the order of discovery. Thus exploration data cannot be considered a random sample from the population. As stated by Drew et al. (1988), the form and specific parameters of the parent field-size distribution cannot be inferred with any confidence from the observed distribution. The biased nature of discovery data resulting from selective exploration decision making must be taken into account when making predictions about undiscovered oil and gas resources in a play. If this problem can be overcome, then the estimation of population mean, variance, and correlation among variables can be achieved. The objective of this chapter is to explain the characterization of the discovery process by statistical formulation. To account for sampling bias, Kaufman et al. (1975) and Barouch and Kaufman (1977) used the successive sampling process of the superpopulation probabilistic model (discovery process model) to estimate the mean and variance of a given play. Here we shall discuss how to use superpopulation probabilistic models to estimate pool-size distribution. The models to be discussed include the lognormal (LDSCV), nonparametric (NDSCV), lognormal/nonparametric–Poisson (BDSCV), and the bivariate lognormal, multivariate (MDSCV) discovery process methods. Their background, applications, and limitations will be illustrated by using play data sets from the Western Canada Sedimentary Basin as well as simulated populations.
Conference papers on the topic "Poison information centres"
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Guo, Jia-Wen, Heather Bennett, Barbara I. Crouch, and Mollie R. Cummins. "Reference Website Use Patterns of Poison Control Center Specialists." In 2017 IEEE International Conference on Healthcare Informatics (ICHI). IEEE, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ichi.2017.40.
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Cummins, Mollie R., Barbara I. Crouch, and Per Gesteland. "Building a Knowledge Base for Health Information Exchange between Emergency Departments and Poison Control Centers." In 2012 45th Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences (HICSS). IEEE, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/hicss.2012.134.
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Close, Natasha, Julia Dilley, and Janet Baseman. "Poison Center Reports of Cannabis Exposures among Children in Washington State, 2016." In 2020 Virtual Scientific Meeting of the Research Society on Marijuana. Research Society on Marijuana, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.26828/cannabis.2021.01.000.20.
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Washington State began legal cannabis retail sales in 2014. Legalization of adult use cannabis and retail sales may result in more cannabis products in homes and opportunities for accidental exposures among young children. Consumption of cannabis by young children can result in significant adverse health effects. This study examined details of cannabis exposure events involving children under age 12 that were reported to the Washington State Poison Center (WAPC) during January – December 2016. Redacted charts were obtained from the WAPC “Toxicall” database. 50 eligible events were identified. Structured data were used to describe child age and gender and to obtain information about the involved products, route of administration, exposure setting, and clinical effects. Additional information about the exposure event was available in case notes; qualitative methods were used to develop themes and categorize the cases. Most exposure events (62%) were for children ages 0-2, and 26% were for ages 3-5. None of the exposures were reported as intentional. Of those where the source of the product could be determined (N=29) either a parent (n=20, 69%) or grandparent (n=6, 21%) was the most common source. Nearly all (94%) exposures occurred at the patient’s home and involved a single substance (90%). Of those that noted the type (N=13), 85% indicated that the cannabis was obtained for medical purposes. Most exposures were by ingestion (86%), and edibles were the most often reported form (52% of 41 cases with product specified). Nearly all edibles were brownies, cookies, and candies (96%). Baked goods were reported to be both homemade and purchased. Three cases were exposures to cannabidiol (CBD) among children being treated for seizures by their parents: one was the result of a therapeutic error, one an adverse reaction, and one an unintentional exposure. A single child was reported as exposed through breastmilk. Of those with known medical outcomes (N=33), nearly all caused no or minor clinical effects (78%), and nearly all had symptoms for less than 24 hours, most commonly lethargy and drowsiness (50%), but five children were hospitalized for non-critical care and one child with a history of seizures, who was given CBD oil containing THC, required intensive care and intubation. Risk for accidental exposures to cannabis among young children may be increasing as legal cannabis markets become more common. Although most exposures do not cause long-lasting harms, some children can experience significant harm requiring medical intervention. Caregivers of young children are advised to safely store cannabis products in the home so that they are out of reach of children, and to use caution and consult with a healthcare provider about use of cannabis products for medical treatment of a child or adult use while breastfeeding. Clinicians may play a role by screening for household cannabis use among parents and other caregivers, and advising about safe home practices. Continued regulatory approaches to limit exposure, such as limits on THC potency and single-serving packaging designs, may also be useful.
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Kasai, Paul H. "Disk Lubricants of Ultimate Design." In ASME 2016 Conference on Information Storage and Processing Systems. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/isps2016-9524.
Full textAbstract:
In disk drives of current generation, the thickness of the disk lubricant has been reduced to the level of a sub-monomolecular film. For a mono- or a sub-monomolecular film of a perfluoropolyether terminated with a primary hydroxyl unit at both ends, each lubricant molecular chain is chemically bound to the carbon substrate at both termini, and if it has a hydrocarbon sector inserted at its center, the hydrocarbon sectors would assemble at the top of the film. They are thus poised most aptly to react as a Lewis base (an electron donor) to the Lewis acid centers on the slider thus abating the Lewis acid-catalyzed lubricant degradation.
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Tiase, Victoria L., Barbara Crouch, Heather Bennett, Cindy Weng, Rumei Yang, and Mollie R. Cummins. "Descriptive Analysis of Communication Patterns Between a Local Poison Control Center and Community Emergency Departments." In 2017 IEEE International Conference on Healthcare Informatics (ICHI). IEEE, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ichi.2017.89.
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Kasai, Paul H., and Ryosuke Sagata. "Self-Protecting Disk Lubricant: D-MH2." In ASME 2017 Conference on Information Storage and Processing Systems collocated with the ASME 2017 International Technical Conference and Exhibition on Packaging and Integration of Electronic and Photonic Microsystems. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/isps2017-5458.
Full textAbstract:
In disk drives of current generation, the thickness of the disk lubricant has been reduced to the level of a sub-monomolecular film. For a mono- or a sub-monomolecular film of a perfluoropolyether terminated with a primary hydroxyl unit at both ends, each lubricant molecular chain is chemically bound to the carbon substrate at both termini, and if it has a hydrocarbon sector inserted at its center, the hydrocarbon sectors would assemble at the top of the film. They are thus poised most aptly to react as a Lewis base (an electron donor) to the Lewis acid centers on the slider thus abating the Lewis acid-catalyzed lubricant degradation. A TOF-SIMS study of lubricant films of various thicknesses was performed. The study substantiated the envisaged lubricant posture.
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Thekinen, J. D., Yupeng Han, and Jitesh H. Panchal. "Designing Market Thickness and Optimal Frequency of Multi-Period Stable Matching in Cloud-Based Design and Manufacturing." In ASME 2018 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2018-85801.
Full textAbstract:
A central issue in two-sided matching markets such as Cloud-Based Design and Manufacturing (CBDM) where agents interact over a long period of time is the design of optimal matching period during recursive implementation. Existing literature provides mechanisms that satisfy useful properties such as stability in a single matching cycle, but they lack studies on the effect of the period of matching cycle on the optimality. To address this gap, we perform simulation studies on a synthetic CBDM scenario where service seekers arrive as a Poisson process with a fixed number of service providers offering resources. We identify the optimal matching period and assess its robustness using sensitivity studies. Optimality is measured in terms of utility obtained by the agents, the number of matches and fairness of the utility distribution. We show that a matching period equal to the ratio of the number of service providers to the arrival rate of service seekers is optimal.
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Cheng, Eric, Ali Ahmadi, and Karen C. Cheung. "Investigation of the Hydrodynamics of Suspended Cells for Reliable Inkjet Cell Printing." In ASME 2014 12th International Conference on Nanochannels, Microchannels, and Minichannels collocated with the ASME 2014 4th Joint US-European Fluids Engineering Division Summer Meeting. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icnmm2014-21583.
Full textAbstract:
Reliable inkjet drop-on-demand dispensing of cells has numerous applications including cell assays and tissue engineering. Previous work on inkjet cell printing has demonstrated that the cell count per droplet is inhomogeneous and does not follow the expected Poisson distribution. In the present work, the flow-induced cell behaviour is characterised to better understand the hydrodynamic mechanisms behind unreliable cell printing. A glass piezoelectric inkjet nozzle with an 80 μm diameter orifice is mounted on a PDMS cast which acts as a refractive index matching material for cell tracking through an inverted microscope. Droplet formation is achieved by a bipolar waveform. A high-speed camera focused on the centre plane of the nozzle captures images which are then analysed by a cell tracking algorithm to obtain the horizontal and vertical position of the cells over time. High-speed tracking of cells within a transparent inkjet nozzle revealed three possible cell behaviours caused by the formation and break-off of droplets. These behaviours are cell travel, cell ejection and cell reflection, determined as a function of the position of the cell at the onset of droplet formation. The first behaviour, cell travel, is characterised as the displacement of the cell towards the orifice during droplet formation followed by a small backwards motion due to the retracting meniscus after droplet pinch-off. Cell travel results in a net forward displacement of the cell towards the nozzle orifice. The second observed cell behaviour is cell ejection, where a cell is ejected with a droplet and can no longer be observed within the nozzle after the droplet break-off. The third observed cell behaviour is cell reflection. In this case, hydrodynamic forces produced during droplet ejection acts on the cell to move it further away from the nozzle orifice resulting in a net displacement of the cell away from the orifice after droplet ejection. Through the cell tracking information, it is hypothesized that cell reflection is caused by fluid flow reversal during the droplet ejection process. As a result of cell reflection, certain cells within a region close to the orifice will not be printed; instead they are pushed to a location further away from the orifice. Therefore, mapping of cell positions before droplet formation is performed to identify regions within the nozzle that exhibit a high probability of cell ejection and reflection. Overall, the results from this study will greatly contribute to our understanding of the cell printing process, which will allow us to optimize current inkjet systems for cell printing applications.
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López, Veronica, and Renata Benedetti Mello Nagy Ramos. "Experiência docente." In ENCONTRO NACIONAL SOBRE O ENSINO DE BIM. Antac, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.46421/enebim.v3i00.309.
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Nos anos 1990, no contexto do desenvolvimento da Internet e das tecnologias da Informação e Comunicação (TICs), novos processos são desenvolvidos no âmbito do que se convencionou chamar de "Sociedade da Informação" ou "Sociedade do Conhecimento". O fluxo de mudança e as adequações à nova realidade, alcançou o campo da Arquitetura e Urbanismo, tanto na prática profissional (em escritórios de arquitetura), como no meio acadêmico, nas universidades públicas e particulares (CELANI; FRAJNDLICH, 2016). No ensino de Arquitetura no Brasil, as primeiras discussões sobre a aplicação de uma disciplina obrigatória de desenho assistido por computador emergiram, quando a portaria 1770/94, do MEC (Ministério da Educação e Cultura), fixou novas diretrizes e conteúdos mínimos, tornando a informática aplicada à Arquitetura e Urbanismo uma disciplina obrigatória. A partir desse marco, diante das novas tecnologias, inicia-se a introdução da informática, como disciplina e como área de conhecimento. Segundo a Associação Brasileira de Ensino de Arquitetura e Urbanismo (ABEA), a reestruturação curricular de 1994 envolveu diferentes aspectos, entre eles, a necessidade sentida socialmente pela comunidade profissional e acadêmica (professores e alunos) de atualizar a formação desenvolvida nas escolas, dada as novas dimensões apresentadas pela atuação profissional. Atualmente, no âmbito do ensino aprendizagem da Arquitetura e Urbanismo, a informática é tratada nas disciplinas de computação gráfica e nas disciplinas de Projeto. De acordo com Barison e Santos (2010, 2011), essa prática se tornou mais frequente, e se intensificou entre 2006 e 2009. Entre os apontamentos dos autores quanto ao emprego dessa prática, estão as estratégias e abordagens ligadas ao nível de competência que o aluno deve alcançar em relação à atividade que será exercida na prática profissional. Nesse contexto, passados mais de vinte anos da portaria 1770/94, do MEC que torna a informática parte do cotidiano acadêmico dos alunos de Arquitetura e Urbanismo, ainda existem questionamentos dos professores que ministram a disciplina e a busca pelo aprimoramento das práticas, relacionando o objeto de estudo com as necessidades formativas desses alunos. Desta forma, ao entender a necessidade de aprofundar e compreender mais sobre BIM no ensino de Arquitetura e Urbanismo, a presente pesquisa busca entender o processo de migração do ensino de desenho digital feito através do AutoCAD para o Building Information Modeling (BIM), assim como a aplicabilidade do software de plataforma BIM nos desenhos que os acadêmicos realizam em seus estágios. Neste sentido, esta pesquisa relatada a experiência vivida por uma das autoras, no primeiro semestre letivo dos anos 2019 e 2020, durante a disciplina eletiva de Computação Gráfica I, do curso de Arquitetura e Urbanismo em uma Instituição de Ensino Superior particular localizada no Centro-Oeste brasileiro. Na ocasião, durante o semestre letivo, foi ministrado aos acadêmicos do 5° semestre, dos períodos matutino e noturno, o ensino de Revit, (software de plataforma BIM) para a instrução de softwares de desenho digital. Com uma média de 15 alunos, as salas de aula continham equipamentos e o suporte para que houvesse a explicação detalhada dos comandos/ferramentas, computador e projetor para a demonstração dos comandos/ferramentas do software pelo professor, assim como o software Microsoft Revit 2017, instalado nos computadores que eram utilizados individualmente pelos acadêmicos. A disciplina descrita neste relato, com carga horária total de 80 horas, tinha como objetivo, a criação de desenho digital 2D e 3D para a representação de projetos arquitetônicos, através da abordagem teórico-prática, aplicando como método, a demonstração detalhada dos comandos/ferramentas do Microsoft Revit e, em seguida, a aplicação prática no processo de criação de componentes, elementos arquitetônicos e mais adiante, modelos de projeto arquitetônico. Especificamente, este estudo buscou demonstrar a influência no aprendizado que o conhecimento prévio de outros softwares tem sobre o aprendizado do Revit, assim como o grau de competência adquirido pelos discentes ao longo da disciplina e a aplicabilidade no mercado da construção civil. No final de cada semestre, a análise dos resultados indicou que o aluno que já possuía algum conhecimento prévio em outro software AutoCAD teve um melhor entendimento inicial das ferramentas/comandos do Revit, seja pela similaridade entre os mesmos ou pela familiaridade na utilização do desenho digital. Aqueles que, pela primeira vez, tiveram contato com o desenho digital, iniciando no Revit, relataram maior dificuldade em compreender a função das ferramentas e principalmente, a percepção em relação à dimensão (2D e 3D). Entre todos os discentes, o primeiro grupo, que recebeu aulas no ao de 2019, e que tinha conhecimento prévio em AutoCAD, se observou um nível de aprendizado mais elevado que o grupo do seguinte semestre (2020), alunos dos quais, a maioria não possuía contato prévio com AutoCAD. No período, enfatiza-se o formato de ensino remoto no ano letivo de 2020, onde os discentes receberam a capacitação de forma on-line, durante o qual, foi observada a diminuição do ritmo de aprendizado. Em relação ao nível de competência, Succar, Sher e Williams (2013) descrevem níveis onde vários incrementos de capacidade podem ser usados para fins de medição e comparação. O Índice de Competência Individual (ICI) é uma versão simplificada do modelo de desempenho desenvolvido por Benner (1984) e inclui cinco níveis distintos. De acordo com esta análise, notou-se que aos estudantes participantes da pesquisa iniciaram a disciplina no Nível 0 de competência (nenhuma) e foi possível, ao final da disciplina, atingir o Nível 2 (intermediário) que denota uma compreensão conceitual sólida e alguma aplicação prática. De forma majoritária, observou-se que apesar do nível de conhecimento adquirido estar em nível suficiente para o desenvolvimento de projetos com o uso do Revit, os discentes não utilizaram o software fora das atividades da disciplina, pois o mercado de trabalho da região, todavia não implementou o uso do BIM, em uma porcentagem considerável, impedindo assim, o aperfeiçoamento no uso do Revit através da prática durante as atividades de estágio do acadêmico. Apresentação no YouTube: https://youtu.be/e-7CC_y7dPo