Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Poissons – Populations'
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Thiaw, Modou. "Dynamique des ressources halieutiques à durée de vie courte : cas des stocks de poulpe et de crevettes exploités au Sénégal." Rennes, Agrocampus Ouest, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010NSARH079.
Full textSenegalese waters presented high fish productivity and stocks are exploited since more than about fifty year. Exploitation intensely increased over the last three decades, inducing ecological changes in the composition of marine populations. Some demersal stocks collapsed to the advantage of other species, characterized by shorter life, such as the octopus and shrimps. Today, these stocks are becoming major stakes of fishing. But short-lived species exhibit rapid and unstable dynamics, and their potential for production varies widely from year-to-year. So, their sustainable exploitation implies an adapted fisheries management, taking into account these specific dynamics. The main objective of the present PhD thesis was to understand the octopus and shrimps stocks’ dynamics, in order to improve the scientific bases of fisheries management plans
Perodou, Jean-Bernard. "Dynamique de la population exploitée de vivaneau rouge (Lutjanus Purpureus) de Guyane : complémentarité des analyses globale et structurale." Lille 1, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994LIL10054.
Full textChatain, Béatrice. "Estimation et amélioration des performances zootechniques de l'élevage larvaire de Dicentrachus labrax et de Sparus auratus." Aix-Marseille 2, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/1994AIX22099.
Full textEppe, Robin. "Structuration génétique des populations de poissons d'eau vive : comparaison de l'influence respective de l'hydrographie et des traits biologiques chez l'ombre commun et le chabot." Lyon 1, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001LYO10071.
Full textDuhamel, Guy. "Ichtyofaune des secteurs Indien occidental et Atlantique oriental de l'Océan Austral : biogéographie, cycles biologiques et dynamique des populations." Paris 6, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987PA066349.
Full textRenaud, François. "Biologie et évolution des populations d'Helminthes parasites : le modèle Helminthes-Téléostéens." Montpellier 2, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988MON20127.
Full textRenno, Jean-François. "Génétique des populations et biogéographie de l'ichtyofaune néotropicale : le modèle Leporinus de Guyane." Montpellier 2, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989MON20219.
Full textHugueny, Bernard. "Biogéographie et structure des peuplements de poissons d'eau douce de l'Afrique de l'ouest : approches quantitatives." Paris 7, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989PA077198.
Full textGuissi, Abderrafie. "Influence des facteurs écologiques sur des populations larvaires de loup "Dicentrarchus labrax" (L. ) et de daurade "Sparus auratus" (Poissons Téléostéens) en élevage intensif." Montpellier 2, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988MON20239.
Full textGuillemot, Nicolas. "Les peuplements de poissons récifaux et leur exploitation dans la zone de Voh-Kone-Pouembout (Nouvelle-Calédonie) : Caractérisation, indicateurs et enjeux de suivie." Rennes, Agrocampus Ouest, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009NSARH078.
Full textDevelopment of mining complex has recently begun in the rural area of Voh-Koné-Pouembout (New Caledonia). As a consequence, significant human and economic developments are expected ; and fishing pressure on local reef fish resources is likely to increase. In this context, it appeared necessary to develop and appropriate baseline for the establishment of long term monitoring and management systems for reef fish resources and fishing activities. As a first step underwater and management systems for reef fish resources and fishing activites. As a first step, underwater visual censuses (UVC, six-year survey) and fisher interviews were used to characterise both reef fish assemblages (focusing on their spatio-temporal dynamics) and their exploitation (with spatially-explicit results, detailed by fish species and families, as well as fishing gear used and fisher’s locality of residence). Analyses of UVC data showed that reef fish assemblages are spatially structured based on reef geormophology and distance to passes. They further showed significant inter-annual variations, particularly due to a major cyclonic event that significantly impacted reef habitants in 2003. Interview results demonstrated that (i) fishing pressure was spatially heterogeneous (ranging from 0 to 50 kg. Ha-1. Yr-1), and (ii) fishing practices very diverse, depending on fishers” local socio-economic background. This first step allowed the development of a baseline of reef fish resources and their levels of exploitation prior to major development in the area. It also permitted for key management and monitoring issues to be highlighted in a context of a fast growing population
Chevalier, Mathieu. "Changements globaux et poissons d'eau douce : déterminants et implications de variations démographiques." Toulouse 3, 2014. http://thesesups.ups-tlse.fr/2629/.
Full textClimate change has been a subject of great interest across the past few years but its influence on population dynamics has seldom been considered. In this thesis, we demonstrate that climatic factors and in particular water temperatures have an influence on population dynamics of several freshwater fish species found in French rivers. Although common mechanisms acting at large spatial scales have been identified for the different species, considerable variations among populations have been revealed due to spatial heterogeneity of environmental conditions. Intrinsic characteristics of species appeared as important determinants of interspecific differences in population dynamics, contrary to their evolutionary history. Our results could be used to set up management conservation planning to limit the consequences of climate warming on freshwater fish species
Tejerina, Garro Francisco Leonardo. "Etude des relations habitat-poissons dans les eaux courantes de Guyane française pour l'évaluation de la qualité du milieu aquatique." Montpellier 2, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001MON20164.
Full textCharrier, Grégory. "Structure génétique des populations de poissons dans l'Atlantique Nord-Est : Approche multi-spécifique." Brest, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005BRES2014.
Full textIn order to explore the mechanisms of genetic structuring of marine fish in the North East Atlantic, four species were studied in parallel : whiting, pollack, white anglerfish and black anglerfish. First, the analysis of the mitochondrial variability , at the 5' end of the control region, showed the impact of historical events of the present-day genetic structure of anglerfish. Notably, this underlined a rapid demographic expansion that may have taken place during the first part of the Pleistocene. A significant genetic structure was observed between Atlantic and Mediterranean populations only in black anglerfish and this may be due to (i) the impact of ancient vicariant processes and (ii) to a contemporary reduction of gene flow with the Almeria-Oran oceanographic front. The lack of significant genetic differentiation observed in white anglerfish between Mediterranean and Atlantic suggests a more recent (re)colonisation of the Mediterranean by this species. Secondly, the use of microsatellites underlined the influence of contemporary hydroclimatical processes on the genetic structure of Pollack and whiting. The significant genetic differentiation observed in whiting whitin the North Sea and between the southern Bay of Biscay and British Iles waters, as the differentiation detected between pollack populations from western Channel –Iroise Sea and from the Bay of Biscay, are probably due to the existence of retention systems limiting passive dispersal of pelagic eggs and larvae. Furthermore, a learned homing behavior has been suggested as a structuring factor of whiting populations. Finally, the fragmentation of Pollack habitat does not appear as a structuring factor
Blanc, Guillaume. "Biologie du cycle d' Anguillicola crassus (Nematoda, dracunculoidae) : contrôle thérapeutique de ses populations." Perpignan, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994PERP0184.
Full textNikolic, Natacha. "Diversité génétique et taille efficace chez les populations de poissons sauvages : le cas du saumon atlantique un poisson migrateur amphihalin menacé." Toulouse 3, 2009. http://thesesups.ups-tlse.fr/576/.
Full textThis thesis was concerned mainly with the genetic diversity and the effective size (Ne) of wild fish stocks of diadromous migratory endangered Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar). For this, four populations were chosen in the northern (Scotland) and southern (France) part of Europe for their differences in their structure and management. This work led to the development of two new models. DemoDivMS predicted genetic diversity of a population whose evolutionary scenario, given by the user, describes variations of Ne during the previous generations. VarEff tries to estimate the effective sizes, sampling time and pasts, based on direct analytical calculations to shorten the time of calculations
Berrebi, Patrick. "Génétique des populations marines : le modèle "flet" (Platichthys flesus L. 1758, Téléostéen, Pleuronectidé)." Montpellier 2, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988MON20073.
Full textCarette, Valérie. "Amélioration de la représentation géométrique 2D et 3D des agrégations de poissons en support à l'étude de leur évolution spatio-temporelle." Thesis, Université Laval, 2008. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2008/25876/25876.pdf.
Full textGeographic information systems (GIS) are powerful tools to manage, analyse and represent spatial data. They are used in various disciplines, including marine biology. One of the most important phenomena intensively studied by marine biologists is the dynamics of fish. This is partly because there is an increasing need for sustainable management of fisheries which are very important in the economy of coastal zones. Fish aggregations are a fundamental component of these dynamics and should be better understood to establish efficient recovery strategies in the context of declining aquatic resources. However, the traditional representations of fish aggregations do not model those aggregations explicitly as spatial objects. Moreover, despite many interesting capabilities of current GIS, these tools are unable to handle the tridimensional, dynamic and fuzzy nature of fish aggregations. The main objective of this thesis is to propose new approaches to improve the representation of fish aggregations at the regional and local scales. In 2D, the proposed approach is based on the fuzzy spatial objects models, which are based on the fuzzy sets theory. It uses a vector data structure to delineate the maximal and minimal extents of fish aggregations and a raster data structure to model the gradual transition which exists between these boundaries. In 3D, the proposed approach for the representation of fish aggregations is based on the dynamic Delaunay tetrahedralisation and the 3D α-shapes clustering algorithm. The integrated algorithm allows automatic detection of the fish aggregations contained in a dataset. 3D models also allow amongst other things the study of the morphological properties of the different aggregations. Testing these approaches with fisheries data (e.g. datasets from scientific surveys, acoustic datasets) revealed several benefits and limitations which are discussed throughout this thesis.
Allain, Valérie. "Écologie, biologie et exploitation des populations de poissons profonds de l'Atlantique du nord-est." Brest, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999BRES2023.
Full textFaye, Ngor. "Microsporidies des poissons des côtes sénégalaises : faunistique, biologie, ultrastructure." Montpellier 2, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992MON20086.
Full textVermard, Youen. "Comportement de pêche et gestion : l’exemple de la pêcherie pélagique du Golfe de Gascogne." Rennes, Agrocampus Ouest, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009NSARH077.
Full textIn the current context of fisheries management, simulation models are required to support the evaluation of management scenarios. The models should include the key process of the fishery system : stock dynamics fleet dynamics, manager decision-making, and the interactions between these three elements. Most of the existing models have concentrated on the modelling of biological processes, population dynamics, and ecosystem interactions. However, a number of fisheries management failures could have resulted from a misunderstanding of fishers behaviour rather than from limited knowledge of the status of fishery resources. It has for example been showed that in an exploited system, fishers’ spatial behaviour influences the predicted outcomes of management policies, just as importantly as biological and ecological factors. The objective of the work is to describe and model fishers behaviour in order to be able to take it into account while evaluating management measures. Fishing behaviour can be described at three different scales. Short term behavior describes how fishermen behave during a fishing trip. Mid term behaviour describes how they allocate their fishermen behave during a fishing trip. Mid term behavior describes how they allocates their fishing effort among available metiers and fishig areas. And long term behavior describes how fishing capacity evolutes over the years. The present PhD focused on short and mid-term behaviour
Martin-Vandembulcke, Delphine. "Dynamique de population de la grande alose (Alosa Alosa. L. 1758) dans le bassin versant Gironde-Garonne-Dordogne (France) : analyse et prévision par modélisation." Toulouse, INPT, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999INPT012A.
Full textGAERTNER, JEAN-CLAUDE. "Organisation des assemblages demersaux dans le golfe du lion : structures spatiales et stabilite temporelle." Aix-Marseille 2, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997AIX22067.
Full textMonteiro, Analbery. "Biologie et pêche des Aiguilles Hemiramphus brasiliensis (Linnaeus, 1758) et Hyporhamphus unifasciatus (Ranzani, 1842) (Poissons - Téléostéens - Hemiramphidae) dans la région Nord-Est de Brésil." Brest, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003BRES2007.
Full textThe halfbeak Hyporhamphus unifasciatus and Hemiramphus brasiliensis are fsh of economic importance in the north-eastern Brazil. Decrease of captures in Pemambuco and the absence of studies for these species in the region justified the realisation of this work. Only annual statistics were available for each state, combined landings. In order to have detailed information on the fishing of each species, landings folllow-up was carried out in the north of Pernambuco between 1998 and 1999, while biological material was collected for reproduction and growth study. Reproduction results suggest that these species are multiple spawners : they spent throughout the year, with one period more concentrated after the rainy season. A low batch fecundity is observed : 29 eggslg H. Unifasciatus and 16 eggs/g for H. Brasiliensis. Otoliths were used for growth studies. Sagittae microincrements interpretation was possible only for H. Unifasciatus. Lapilli microincrements were easily interpreted for both species. Microincrements daily deposition was validated by tetracycline marking for H. Unifasciatus. Individuals around 24 cm are about one year old. Von Bertalanffy growth parameters are : Lao=30. 4 cm, To=17,0 cm and k=0,004 j-'. Only adults H. Brasiliensis were available so individual growth was estimated for seven individuals from retrocalculation and a mean growth curve was established (1-00=24. 2 cm, t0=16,09 cm and k=0,009 j'. For an individual of 20 cma total of 246 microincrements were observed. The captures by state are in general of the order of 50-100 tons/year, while in Pernambuco and Rio Grande do Nortethey are superior of 110 tons/year. The analyses of statistics of fishing data for the period 1980-2000 suggests a reduction in the capture for certain states of the North-eastern region. Landings data analysis show a low productivity for this artisanal fishery, in general lower than 20 kglfishing cruise. This study suggets that the assumption of an overexploitation can be discarded. Few boats, of short operating range and reduced power fishing are used
Patty, Wilhelmina. "Déterminisme de la répartition spatio-temporelle des populations de poissons pélagiques à partir d'observations acoustiques et environnementales." Brest, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996BRES2043.
Full textFievet, Eric. "Crevettes (Decapoda, Caridea) et poissons amphidromes des cours d'eau aménagés de Guadeloupe : exemple de relation dynamique aval-amont." Lyon 1, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999LYO10172.
Full textBaran, Eric. "Dynamique spatio-temporelle des peuplements de poissons estuairiens en Guinée : relations avec le milieu abiotique." Brest, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995BRES2004.
Full textRahardjo, Mohammad Fadjar. "Écobiologie et dynamique des populations de poissons dans le réservoir Bening, Java de l'Est, Indonésis." Toulouse, INPT, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987INPT006A.
Full textDe, Buron-Brun Isaure. "Biologie des populations d'Acanthocéphales : étude du complexe Acanthocephaloides propinquus, parasite de Poissons marins et lagunaires." Montpellier 2, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986MON20205.
Full textDeschênes, Julie. "Analyses hiérarchiques des communautés et des populations de poissons fluviatiles en fonction du contexte environnemental /." Thèse, Trois-Rivières : Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, 2007. http://www.uqtr.ca/biblio/notice/resume/30002769R.pdf.
Full textEn-tête de titre : Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières en association avec Université du Québec à Montréal. Le corps du travail est rédigé en anglais, sous forme d'articles scientifiques. CaQTU Comprend des réf. bibliogr. Également disponible en format microfiche et PDF. CaQTU
De, Buron-Brun Isaure. "Biologie des populations d'acanthocéphales étude du complexe acanthocéphaloïdes propinquus, parasite de poissons marins et lagunaires." Grenoble 2 : ANRT, 1986. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37596604j.
Full textRahardjo, Mohammad Fadjar. "Ecobiologie et dynamique des populations de poissons dans le réservoir Bening, Java de l'est, Indonésie." Grenoble 2 : ANRT, 1987. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb376091313.
Full textDeschênes, Julie. "Analyses hiérarchiques des communautés et des populations de poissons fluviatiles en fonction du contexte environnemental." Thèse, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, 2007. http://depot-e.uqtr.ca/1196/1/030002769.pdf.
Full textTirard, Claire. "Biodiversité et biogéographie évolutive dans les systèmes hôtes-parasites : le modéle Gadiformes (Téleostéens) - Copépodes et Monogènes." Montpellier 2, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991MON20140.
Full textLorance, Pascal. "Ecologie des poissons profonds, des individus aux peuplements." Brest, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007BRESA001.
Full textPialot, Daniel Paul Marc. "Analyse des données de milieu en hydrobiologie : apport des techniques d'analyse multivariées." Lyon 1, 1985. http://www.theses.fr/1985LYO11680.
Full textGrimardias, David. "Rôle de l’hétérogénéité de l’habitat sur les tactiques alternatives de reproduction du saumon atlantiques (Salmo salar L. )." Pau, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PAUU3030.
Full textThe habitat complexity in the spawning environment may favour the reproductive success of sneaking precocious males of Atlantic salmon. This hypothesis was tested with a multidisciplinary approach, both in the natural environment and in experimental conditions. The behaviour as well as reproductive success of breeders (anadromous and precocious male parr) were studied in relation to the structure of the spawning habitat. The diversity in shelters around redds has an important role in the intrasexual competition among mature male parr, rather than in the competition with anadromous males. It allows precocious breeders to be more numerous to fertilize eggs. The effect of habitat complexity has to be considered in relation to the role of precocious males in small populations and the maintenance of high genetic variability
Belkessam, Djamila. "Structure des peuplements de poissons de cours d'eau du nord ouest de la France : degré de saturation, interactions biotiques et variabilité temporelle." Paris, Muséum national d'histoire naturelle, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001MNHN0010.
Full textPenven, Pierrick. "Étude numérique de la circulation dans le sud-benguéla avec une application au recrutement des poissons." Brest, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000BRES2057.
Full textCarrel, Georges. "Caractérisation physico-chimique du Haut-Rhône français et de ses annexes : incidences sur la croissance des populations d'alevins." Lyon 1, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986LYO19009.
Full textHorri, Khaled. "Effets d’une exposition alimentaire chronique à un mélange environnemental de PCB et PBDE sur les traits d’histoire de vie, la bioénergétique et la dynamique des populations de poissons." Thesis, Normandie, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018NORMLH09/document.
Full textPolychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) are two families of hydrophobic compounds sharing some similar environmental properties. Previous studies have demonstrated that these compounds could affect fish life-history traits. However, few studies have focused on environmental situations. This thesis is divided into three parts. The first part aimed to evaluate the effects of a realistic mixture of PCBs and PBDEs on the life-history traits of zebrafish. The results showed a slower growth, but to a larger asymptotic length, and delayed spawning probability in exposed fish. In addition, offspring issued from early spawning events of exposed fish exhibited a lower larval survival under starvation condition. The second part aimed to identify, on the basis of a bioenergetic model (DEB), the physiological modes of action (PMoA) of PCBs and PBDEs. Two potential PMoAs have been revealed: the first one was through an increase of the fraction of energy allocated to somatic maintenance and growth and the second one was through an increase of the cost of production of an egg. The third part focused on the population dynamical consequences of the individual life-history effects of PCBs and PBDEs. The results showed a lower abundance, a higher biomass and a higher risk of overexploitation in exposed population compared to control population. The results of this thesis could be a helpful tool for sustainable management of fish stocks that take into account the effects of multiple contaminations that are added to the fishing pressure
Dupuy, Célie. "Réponses de populations de poissons au stress chimique en milieux estuariens : intégration des réponses moléculaires, biochimiques et immunotoxicologiques." Phd thesis, Université de Bretagne occidentale - Brest, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00951704.
Full textRuchon, François. "Lipophrys pavo (Risso 1810) (Pisces, Blenniidae). Biologie d'une population lagunaire (stratégies et tactiques adaptatives)." Aix-Marseille 3, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995AIX30025.
Full textDanancher, Delphine. "Apports de l'écologie comportementale à la conservation d'un poisson en voie de disparition : l'apron du Rhône (Zingel Asper)." Lyon 1, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005LYO10228.
Full textJuncker, Matthieu. "Approvisionnement en larves de poissons du lagon de Wallis (Pacifique Sud)." Nouvelle Calédonie, 2005. http://portail-documentaire.univ-nc.nc/files/public/bu/theses_unc/TheseMatthieuJuncker2005.pdf.
Full textBozec, Yves-Marie. "Les poissons des récifs coralliens de Nouvelle-Calédonie : estimations d'abondance, relations habitat-poissons, interactions trophiques et indicateurs écologiques." Paris 6, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006PA066010.
Full textCastellanos, gell Jessy. "Structure génétique des populations de trois espèces de poissons de récifs cubains : Stegastes partitus, haemulon flavolineatum et acanthurus tractus." Phd thesis, Université Paris Sud - Paris XI, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00713528.
Full textBrehmer, Patrice. "Analyse comparée des caractéristiques dynamiques et spatiales des bancs de Sardinella aurita (Valenciennes, 1847) de diverses populations : adaptations comportementales face à l'environnement et à l'exploitation : effet sur la capturabilité." Rennes, Agrocampus Ouest, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004NSARH055.
Full textThe behaviour of fish school, functional unit on which the fishing pressure focus in general, is the major source of bias of the biomass index obtained by the methods of stock assessment (echo-integration, scientific fishing etc. . ). This work, want to measure the possible relation between the fishing effort and the fish school avoidance reaction. In this goal, we have made a comparative approach from three genetically independent stock of Sardinella aurita, with a similar environment but a different historical fishing exploitation. The avoidance behaviour generated by the boat perception (acoustic, visual and tactile), can be measured by the in situ school kinematic. We have developed Infobancs software for the exploitation of omnidirectional sonar data and an observation methodology, considering the boat in cruise or in drift. The environment, (biotic, abiotic) and the intrinsic characteristics of the population have a direct impact on this behaviour, which is expressed by morphological deformation and three distinct wave of avoidance. We present the hypothesis of a innate of acquired of the avoidance reaction. Our results show for a same fishing effort, catches more important in Venezuela than in Senegal and Ivory Coast. More over the spatial and kinematics in situ observations of school show an avoidance behaviour different in Venezuela, in front of the two Africans stocks. This indicate the existence of a link between fishing effort and the avoidance, and so the adaptative response to the fishing pressure. This behavioural adaptation comes from a Darwin selection process and/or a learning of the Sardinella aurita populations to the fishing exploitation. In order to measure the bias engendered by the avoidance on the stock management, we discuss of the conception of virtual fish school and the possibilities of a continuous three-dimensional recording of the avoidance reaction
Blanquer, Anne. "Phylogéographie intraspécifique d'un poisson marin, le flet Platichthys flesus L. (Heterosomata) : polymorphisme des marqueurs nucléaires et mitochondriaux." Montpellier 2, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990MON20015.
Full textSamba, Alassane, and Francis Laloë. "La pêche artisanale au Sénégal : ressource et stratégie de pêche." Paris 11, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989PA112153.
Full textIn Senegal, waters of the continental shelf are very productive, due to a seasonal upwelling responsible of fish stocks migrations. The progressive setting up of a stratified sampling system (with subsampling in each stratum) for collecting a great number of parameters takes into account the main artisanal fishery characteristics. Data processing gives up results on fishing effort, catch per unit of effort and total landings. Methodological tests are periodically conducted to improve sampling design. The main source of bias is discussed. This enhances the fact that increasing the strata number would lead to a variability of their size, due to the capacity of fishing units to alter their tactics according to circumstances. We deeply study fishing outings and results in Saint-Louis and Kayar by using statistical analysis and considering 3 periods between 1975 and 1987. We notice an important interannual variability in fishing effort characteristics and levels, and in catch per outing. We also show seasonal and annual variations in resource availability and landings related to upwelling dynamics. We then study population dynamics models through their ability to account for the main changes that have been noticed. We pay particular attention to the potential impact of a restricted access to the resource and to the models applying to the dynamics of the fishing fleet. We then suggest a simulation showing the evolution of a fishery similar to the artisanal fishery in Senegal, the fishing units of which have a strategy with a range of available tactics and a selection rule. We then study a fishery that would differ by its lesser adaptability. This finally allows us to deal with the analysis of artisanal fisheries planning problems
Laloë, Francis, and Alassane Samba. "La pêche artisanale au Sénégal : ressource et stratégie de pêche." Paris 11, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989PA112154.
Full textIn Senegal, waters of the continental shelf are very productive, due to a seasonal upwelling responsible of fish stocks migrations. The progressive setting up of a stratified sampling system (with subsampling in each stratum) for collecting a great number of parameters takes into account the main artisanal fishery characteristics. Data processing gives up results on fishing effort, catch per unit of effort and total landings. Methodological tests are periodically conducted to improve sampling design. The main source of bias is discussed. This enhances the fact that increasing the strata number would lead to a variability of their size, due to the capacity of fishing units to alter their tactics according to circumstances. We deeply study fishing outings and results in Saint-Louis and Kayar by using statistical analysis and considering 3 periods between 1975 and 1987. We notice an important interanual variability in fishing effort characteristics and levels, and in catch per outing. We also show seasonal and annual variations in resource availability and landings related to upwelling dynamics. We then study population dynamics models through their ability to account for the main changes that have been noticed. We pay particular attention to the potential impact of a restricted access to the resource and to the models applying to the dynamics of the fishing fleet. We then suggest a simulation showing the evolution of a fishery similar to the artisanal fishery in Senegal, the fishing units of which have a strategy with a range of available tactics and a selection rule. We then study a fishery that would differ by its lesser adaptability. This finally allows us to deal with that analysis of artisanal fisheries planning problems