Relevant bibliographies by topics / Polar bear, juvenile literature

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
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  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers

Academic literature on the topic 'Polar bear, juvenile literature'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 27 July 2024

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Journal articles on the topic "Polar bear, juvenile literature"

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Lewis-Jones, Huw W. G. "Nelson and the bear: the making of an Arctic myth." Polar Record 41, no. 4 (September 19, 2005): 335–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0032247405004675.

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Recent biographers of Horatio Nelson (1758–1805) have begun the job of attempting to differentiate the man from the ‘myth.’ A necessary stage in the assessment of any historical figure is the identification of the legendary aspects that make up that figure's reputation. The tale of the young Nelson engaging a huge polar bear on an ice floe off Spitsbergen in 1773 has been met with varying degrees of delight and dismissal through the years, and is one of the events an examination of which could improve an understanding of Nelson and his reputation. This paper draws upon a study of primary and secondary materials: original manuscripts and correspondence, early nineteenth-century popular biographies, souvenirs and pamphlets, periodical reviews, and a wide selection of adult and juvenile literature. This paper examines the developments of Nelsonian biography and hagiography. In a broader sense, an extended examination of the literary and visual manifestations of Nelson's encounter with the bear becomes a useful historiographical exercise into the genesis of a myth.
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Dayaram, Anisha, Kyriakos Tsangaras, Selvaraj Pavulraj, Walid Azab, Nicole Groenke, Gudrun Wibbelt, Florian Sicks, Nikolaus Osterrieder, and Alex D. Greenwood. "Novel Divergent Polar Bear-Associated Mastadenovirus Recovered from a Deceased Juvenile Polar Bear." mSphere 3, no. 4 (July 25, 2018): e00171-18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/msphere.00171-18.

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ABSTRACTPolar bears in captivity can be exposed to opportunistic pathogens not present in their natural environments. A 4-month-old polar bear (Ursus maritimus) living in an isolated enclosure with his mother in the Tierpark Berlin, Berlin, Germany, was suffering from severe abdominal pain, mild diarrhea, and loss of appetite and died in early 2017. Histopathology revealed severe hepatic degeneration and necrosis without evidence of inflammation or inclusion bodies, although a viral infection had been suspected on the basis of the clinical signs. We searched for nucleic acids of pathogens by shotgun high-throughput sequencing (HTS) from genomic DNA and cDNA extracted from tissue and blood. We identified a novelMastadenovirusand assembled a nearly complete genome from the shotgun sequences. Quantitative PCR (qPCR) revealed that viral DNA was present in various concentrations in all tissues examined and that the highest concentrations were found in blood. Viral culture did not yield cytopathic effects, but qPCR suggested that virus replication was sustained for up to three passages. Positive immunofluorescence staining confirmed that the virus was able to replicate in the cells during early passage. Phylogenetic analysis demonstrated that the virus is highly divergent compared to other previously identifiedMastadenovirusmembers and basal to most known viral clades. The virus was found only in the 4-month-old bear and not in other captive polar bears tested. We surmised, therefore, that the polar bear was infected from an unknown reservoir, illustrating that adenoviral diversity remains underestimated and that cross-species transmission of viruses can occur even under conditions of relative isolation.IMPORTANCECross-species transmission of viral pathogens is becoming an increasing problem for captive-animal facilities. This study highlights how animals in captivity are vulnerable to novel opportunistic pathogens, many of which do not result in straightforward diagnosis from symptoms and histopathology. In this study, a novel pathogen was suspected to have contributed to the death of a juvenile polar bear. HTS techniques were employed, and a novelMastadenoviruswas isolated. The virus was present in both the tissue and blood samples. Phylogenetic analysis of the virus at both the gene and genome levels revealed that it is highly divergent to other known mastadenoviruses. Overall, this study shows that animals in isolated conditions still come into contact with novel pathogens, and for many of these pathogens, the host reservoir and mode of transmission are yet to be determined.
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Derocher, Andrew E., and Ian Stirling. "Aspects of survival in juvenile polar bears." Canadian Journal of Zoology 74, no. 7 (July 1, 1996): 1246–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/z96-138.

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We captured, weighed, tagged, and monitored polar bear (Ursus maritimus) cubs and yearlings in western Hudson Bay to examine survival rates and correlates with survival. Cub survival between spring and autumn increased with cub mass and maternal mass, but was not related to maternal age or maternal condition. Cub survival between spring and autumn varied annually between 39.0 and 100.0% and averaged 53.2%. Whole-litter loss between spring and autumn was 30.8%, and only 38.0% of the females did not lose any cubs. Survival of spring twins was similar regardless of size, but in triplet litters, survival between spring and autumn varied according to cub size. Minimum cub survival from one autumn to the next was 34.7% and was related to cub mass, maternal mass, and maternal condition. Cub survival during autumn was estimated at 83.0%. Survival during the first year of life was no more than 44.0% but we could not estimate an annual survival rate because of the sampling regime. Possibly because harvesting was the major mortality factor for yearlings (19.4% of the yearlings were removed from the population per year), no factors examined correlated with survival of yearlings. We found no sex-related differences in survival of cubs or yearlings in any period. Relationships between survival in polar bear cubs and their condition suggest that lack of food availability, sometimes due to low maternal fat stores for lactation, leads to starvation and may be the main cause of mortality.
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TREITEL, JONATHAN. "The polar bear murders." Critical Quarterly 34, no. 1 (March 1992): 88–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-8705.1992.tb00395.x.

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Jagielski, Patrick M., Andrew F. Barnas, H. Grant Gilchrist, Evan S. Richardson, Oliver P. Love, and Christina A. D. Semeniuk. "The utility of drones for studying polar bear behaviour in the Canadian Arctic: opportunities and recommendations." Drone Systems and Applications 10, no. 1 (January 1, 2022): 97–110. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/dsa-2021-0018.

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Climate-induced sea-ice loss represents the greatest threat to polar bears (Ursus maritimus Phipps, 1774), and utilizing drones to characterize behavioural responses to sea-ice loss is valuable for forecasting polar bear persistence. In this manuscript, we review previously published literature and draw on our own experience of using multirotor aerial drones to study polar bear behaviour in the Canadian Arctic. Specifically, we suggest that drones can minimize human–bear conflicts by allowing users to observe bears from a safe vantage point; produce high-quality behavioural data that can be reviewed as many times as needed and shared with multiple stakeholders; and foster knowledge generation through co-production with northern communities. We posit that in some instances drones may be considered as an alternative tool for studying polar bear foraging behaviour, interspecific interactions, human–bear interactions, human safety and conflict mitigation, and den-site location at individual-level small spatial scales. Finally, we discuss flying techniques to ensure ethical operation around polar bears, regulatory requirements to consider, and recommend that future research focus on understanding polar bears’ behavioural and physiological responses to drones and the efficacy of drones as a deterrent tool for safety purposes.
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Clark, Douglas Andrew, Ryan Brook, Chelsea Oliphant-Reskanski, Michel P. Laforge, Kiva Olson, and Danielle Rivet. "Novel range overlap of three ursids in the Canadian subarctic." Arctic Science 5, no. 1 (March 1, 2019): 62–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/as-2018-0013.

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We describe for the first time in the peer-reviewed literature observations of American black bear (Ursus americanus Pallas, 1780), grizzly bear (Ursus arctos Linnaeus, 1758), and polar bear (Ursus maritimus Phipps, 1774) at the same locations. Using remote cameras we documented 401 bear-visits of all three species at three camps in Wapusk National Park, Canada, from 2011–2017. These observations add to a growing body of evidence that grizzlies are undergoing a substantial range increase in northern Canada and the timing of our observations suggests denning locally. Polar and grizzly bears are of conservation concern regionally and internationally, so from the literature we assessed the potential effects on conservation efforts from interactions between these three species. In aggregate, those effects are likely to be positive for grizzlies and weakly negative for black and polar bears; further research is needed. Range overlap of these three species in this dynamic ecotonal region should not be viewed as a threat to any of them, but rather as an ecological response to environmental change that needs to be better understood.
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Tideman, Jacky. "Memoirs of a Polar Bear by Susan Bernofsky." World Literature Today 90, no. 6 (2016): 82–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/wlt.2016.0117.

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Jiao, Yaxin, Hangwai Qiu, and Yike Yang. "The impact of global warming on polar bears' diet and habitat." Theoretical and Natural Science 20, no. 1 (December 20, 2023): 251–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.54254/2753-8818/20/20230780.

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Conventional fuels produce large amounts of greenhouse gases leading to global warming and with it dramatic changes in the Arctic, especially for its top predator, the polar bear. The environment of polar bears will gradually be more affected and challenged. This literature review explores how climate change has impacted the diets and reproduction of polar bears, along with potential solutions to mitigate these effects. The loss of sea ice due to rising temperatures has led to a decline in the number of primary prey, forcing polar bears to hunt alternative prey, including reindeer, to survive. Furthermore, reduced sea ice is affecting the reproduction and survival of the polar bear population, with the decline in genetic diversity posing a threat to their long-term survival. To mitigate these effects, reducing greenhouse gas emissions, protecting critical polar bear habitats, restoring and managing their habitats, and international collaboration and legal interventions are necessary. The implementation of these solutions will help to ensure the continued existence and thriving of this magnificent animal in the Arctic ecosystem.
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Johnson, Jamie. "Writing Animality in Yoko Tawada’s Memoirs of a Polar Bear." Word and Text - A Journal of Literary Studies and Linguistics 11 (2021) (December 2021): 147–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.51865/jlsl.2021.10.

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Yoko Tawada, an author writing in both Japanese and German, is what critics call an exophonic writer, that is, a writer who uses a language other than one’s mother tongue for creative purposes. Writing from a foreign point of view is part of Tawada’s interest in acquiring perceptions of otherness both linguistically and culturally. We might apply Tawada’s exophonic writing when entering animal worlds by creating what Frederike Middelhoff terms ‘literary auto-zoographies’. Tawada’s novel Memoirs of a Polar Bear contains three generations of polar bear narratives: two circus performers and one zoo inhabitant. The text takes a postmodern metafictional approach to problems that arise in speaking for the animal other, a subject under much discussion in Animal Studies scholarship today. My article examines each of the three characters and their corresponding narrative modes. First, the grandmother polar bear writes a first-person autobiography of her life as a performer; in doing so, Tawada combines fiction and nonfiction to deconstruct the bear character’s identity thus resulting in what might be called a more authentic animal autobiography. Second, the article focuses on Tawada’s fascination with translation through the human-animal shared spaces between Tosca (the daughter of the unnamed grandmother polar bear character) and her human trainer. Lastly, the article examines the grandson, Knut, as an example of the current humanimal subject of ecopoetics with an emphasis on Knut as an environmental figure.
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Bechshoft, Thea, Andrew E. Derocher, Michelle Viengkone, Heli Routti, Jon Aars, Robert J. Letcher, Rune Dietz, et al. "On the integration of ecological and physiological variables in polar bear toxicology research: a systematic review." Environmental Reviews 26, no. 1 (March 2018): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/er-2016-0118.

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Ecotoxicology evolved as a scientific field as awareness of the unintended effects of anthropogenic pollutants in biota increased. Polar bears (Ursus maritimus) are often the focus of Arctic contaminant exposure studies because they are apex predators with high contaminant loads. While early studies focused on describing and quantifying pollutants, present-day polar bear toxicological papers often incorporate ecological variables. This systematic literature review investigates the ecological and physiological variables that have been integrated in such studies. The systematic literature search resulted in 207 papers, published between 1970 and 2016. Representation of each of the 19 polar bear subpopulations varied from 0 to 72 papers; East Greenland, Barents Sea, Southern Beaufort Sea, and Lancaster Sound had the most published research, with over 30 papers each. Samples were collected between 1881 and 2015, primarily from harvested bears (66%); most from the 1990s and 2000s. Adipose tissue, liver, and blood were the most common tissues examined, and mean number of bears analyzed per paper was 76 (range 1–691). Papers investigating temporal trends did so using a mean sample of 61 bears over a 6-year period.The frequency with which ecological and physiological variables were integrated into toxicological papers varied. Age and (or) sex was the only ecological variable(s) considered in 51% of papers. Further, a total of 37% of the papers included in the review investigated physiological effects in relation to contaminant concentrations. Of the papers, 98% dealt with contaminant exposure at the individual level, leaving population level effects largely unstudied. Solitary subadult and adult polar bears were included in 57% and 79% of the papers, respectively. Younger bears were included in fewer papers: yearlings in 20% and cubs-of-the-year in 13%. Only 12% of the papers examined reproduction relative to contaminants. Finally, body condition was included in 26% of the research papers, whereas variables related to polar bear diet were included in ≤9%. Based on our findings, we suggest future polar bear toxicology studies increase sample sizes, include more ecological variables, increase studies on family groups, and increase the applicability of studies to management and conservation by examining pollution effects on reproduction and survival.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Polar bear, juvenile literature"

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Ozirny, Shannon. "The big shoes of Little Bear : the publication history, emergence, and literary potential of the easy reader." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/2727.

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Despite incredible sales success, popularity, and a fifty year history, easy readers are one of the most neglected forms of children’s literature. Called everything from “the poor stepchild of the more glamorous picture book or children’s novel” to “literary flotsam,” easy readers are too-often regarded as insubstantial, superficial, sub-par literature. This thesis provides the first comprehensive, theoretically grounded examination of easy readers and endeavors to prove that a surprising complexity lurks beneath the easy reader’s decodable surface. In order to illuminate both extra-textual and textual complexity, easy readers are treated generically and examined using the contemporary genre theories of Amy Devitt and Adena Rosmarin. This thesis ultimately unearths a heretofore unexplored complexity in the easy reader’s publication history and generic emergence, and finds that the easy reader genre has literary potential and can accommodate works of artistic merit.
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Books on the topic "Polar bear, juvenile literature"

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Marsico, Katie. Polar bear. Chicago, Ill: Heinemann Library, 2012.

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2

The polar bear. Mankato, Minn: Capstone High/Low Books, 1999.

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The polar bear. New York: Enchanted Lion Books, 2016.

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Howard, Schroeder, and Baker Street Productions, eds. The polar bear. Mankato, Minn: Crestwood House, 1986.

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Turnbull, Stephanie. Polar bear. Mankato, Minn: Smart Apple Media, 2013.

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Johnson, Jinny. Polar bear. London: Franklin Watts, 2006.

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Johnson, Jinny. Polar bear. North Mankato, MN: Smart Apple Media, 2007.

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Polar bears. New York, NY: Children's Press, 2018.

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Polar bears. New York: Holiday House, 2001.

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Polar bears. Mankato, MN: Creative Education, 2015.

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Book chapters on the topic "Polar bear, juvenile literature"

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Wærp, Henning Howlid. "The Polar Bear in Nordic Literature for Children and Young Adults." In The Arctic in Literature for Children and Young Adults, 71–85. Routledge, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780429343704-4.

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Burghardt, Gordon M. "Play: how evolution can explain the most mysterious behavior of all." In Evolution From Molecules to Ecosystems, 231–46. Oxford University PressOxford, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198515425.003.0020.

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Abstract In a visit to a zoo, one is apt to see gibbons vigorously, but gracefully, swinging through branches or rope “vines” with the greatest of ease. In a nearby enclosure, juvenile chimps chase each other, wrestle, and seem to laugh. In the polar bear exhibit empty beer kegs are tossed around with abandon. Moving on to the bird section, an adult Andean condor repeatedly attacks, grabs, and tosses a small red hard rubber object. All of these actions are enjoyable for the visitors to watch, but why do they even occur? These energetically costly activities are not actions that seem directed at accomplishing important ends such as eating, escaping from enemies, or mating.
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"Bear Tales: Ways of Seeing Polar Bears in Mythology, Traditional Folktales and Modern-Day Children’s Literature." In Contemporary Fairy-Tale Magic, 250–61. Brill | Rodopi, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/9789004418998_025.

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Conference papers on the topic "Polar bear, juvenile literature"

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Preciado, Jessica A., Boris Rubinsky, David Otten, Brent Nelson, Michael C. Martin, and Ralph Greif. "Radiative Properties of Polar Bear Hair." In ASME 2002 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2002-32473.

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The polar bear’s ability to survive in the harsh arctic night fascinates scientific and lay audiences alike, giving rise to anecdotal and semi-factual stories on the radiative properties of the bear’s fur which permeate the popular literature, television programs, and textbooks [1–5]. One of the most interesting radiative properties of polar bear fur is that it is invisible in the infrared region. Some theories have attempted to explain this by claiming that the outer temperature of the fur is the same as that of the environment. However, this explanation is unsatisfactory because surface radiation depends on both the surface temperature and the surface radiative properties [6].
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