Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Polariton laser'
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Li, Feng. "Fabrication et caractérisation des microcavités à base de ZnO en régime de couplage fort : laser à polaritons." Phd thesis, Université Nice Sophia Antipolis, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00944656.
Full textPisanello, Ferruccio. "Single photon sources based on colloidal nanocrystals and two photon polariton laser." Paris 6, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA066675.
Full textCristofolini, Peter. "Optical control of polariton condensation and dipolaritons in coupled quantum wells." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2015. https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/247219.
Full textPisanello, Ferruccio. "Sources de photons uniques à base de nanocristaux colloïdaux et laser à polariton excité à deux photons." Phd thesis, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris VI, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00624532.
Full textHöfner, Michael. "Lasing and strong coupling in inorganic and organic photonic structures." Doctoral thesis, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Fakultät, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.18452/17519.
Full textThis thesis presents the investigation of strong coupling and lasing in structures using ZnO, ZnCdO or organic molecules as active material. The ZnCdO based multi quantum well structures reach the lasing threshold by using scattering at air holes as the optical feedback. Such emitters are called random lasers. The dynamics of their emission under quasi-stationary condition is the point of interest presented. Highly reproducible excitations are used to investigate the single shot dynamics and their shot to shot differences. The experimental data is qualitatively reproduced by numerical simulation and interpreted by means of network theory. The more common optical feedback by a cavity is applied in the investigation of the molecule L4P and its spiro-derivatives. Using two identical SiO2/ZrO2 based Bragg reflectors surrounding an active layer of L4P-SP2 in a polymer matrix of approximately 12 microns thickness reached single mode lasing (weak coupling). Reducing the active layer thickness to half the resonance wavelength pushes the system into the strong coupling regime. Angular resolved reflectivity shows the anticrossing of the tuned cavity resonance to two vibronic transitions of the molecule. The Rabi-splitting to both vibronic resonances reaches around 90 meV. The energetic position in resonance to ZnO makes this molecule a promising candidate for a hybrid inorganic/organic microcavity in the strong coupling regime. This is used in a partially epitaxially grown microcavity composed of a ZnMgO based Bragg reflector (alternating layers of different Mg content) and six quantum wells. This is followed by a spincoated layer of L4P in a polymer matrix. The cavity is finished by a dielectric mirror. Low temperature reflectivity shows a clear anticrossing reaching an equal mixing of all resonances for the middle branch.
Faure, Stéphane. "Interaction lumière-matière dans les microcavités massives à base de ZnO : du couplage fort à température ambiante vers le laser à polariton." Phd thesis, Université Montpellier II - Sciences et Techniques du Languedoc, 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00583517.
Full textJamadi, Omar. "Spectroscopie de condensats polaritoniques dans des microcavités et guides d’onde à base de GaN et ZnO." Thesis, Université Clermont Auvergne (2017-2020), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018CLFAC031/document.
Full textThis manuscript is devoted to polariton condensates in two wide band gap semiconductors: GaN and ZnO. The first part of this work focuses on the study by optical spectroscopy of two planar microcavities (one of GaN, the other of ZnO) sharing the same structure and the same photonic properties. The strong coupling and polariton lasing regime have been observed from 5 K to 300 K in both microcavities. The realization of phase diagrams has pointed out the inconstant impact of resonances with LO phonons on the lowering of the laser threshold. The study of the GaN microcavity has been pushed to 350 K and we have demonstrated, for the first time at this temperature, the persistence of the strong coupling regime and the polariton laser under optimal excitation conditions. The second part of this work is focused on ZnO waveguides. Besides the observation of strong coupling regime from 5 K to 300 K, our study has highlighted a new lasing effect in this geometry: the horizontal polariton laser
Mallet, Emilien. "Etude des propriétés polaritoniques de ZnO et GaN. Application à l'étude de l'effet laser à polaritons dans une microcavité." Thesis, Clermont-Ferrand 2, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014CLF22482/document.
Full textThis manuscript is devoted to the physics of polaritons in two wide band gap semiconductor : ZnO and GaN. The polaritonic parameters of these materials have been accurately determined through a study which combines linear and non-linear spectroscopies (continuous reflectivity, autocorrelation, photoluminescence and degenerate four-wave mixing). The interpretation of these results lead to a better understanding of the interaction processes in the semiconductor : the important role played by the polariton-LO phonon interactions in the polaritonic damping is highlighted and particularly for ZnO. This preliminary work on bulk samples is essential for a suitable study of polariton lasing in microcavities like it is presented in the second part of this manuscript. For this study, two similar microcavities, one based on ZnO and another on GaN. The photonic properties of these structures are at the state of the art : they have a good quality factor (Q ≈ 1,000) and have a low photon disorder. The strong coupling regime and the polariton lasing are observed to room temperature. Finally, the establishment of phase diagrams allows to highlight the important role of LO phonons in reduction of the laser threshold
Brückner, R., V. G. Lyssenko, S. Hofmann, and K. Leo. "Lasing of Tamm states in highly efficient organic devices based on small-molecule organic semiconductors." Royal Society of Chemistry, 2014. https://tud.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A36129.
Full textMédard, François-Régis. "Conception et spectroscopie de microcavités à base de ZnO en régime de couplage fort pour l'obtention d'un laser à polaritons." Phd thesis, Université Blaise Pascal - Clermont-Ferrand II, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00557136.
Full textOrosz, Laurent. "Etude des microcavités planaires ZnO dans le régime de coupage fort." Thesis, Clermont-Ferrand 2, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013CLF22412/document.
Full textThis thesis reports a spectroscopic study of the light-matter interaction in ZnO based microcavities.We have examined several planar microcavities which dier from the previous ones through their structures and their epitaxial processes. The theoretical advantages that have driven these realizations are discussed and veried through experimental measurements of reectivity and photoluminescence as a function of temperature and excitation intensity. Thanks to the optical characterics of these new cavities, we have studied the coherent light emission based on the condensation of polaritons at high temperature, up to 300K. High optical quality factor and high Rabi splitting allow to deeply analyze the relationship which exists between the photonic fraction of polaritons and the threshold excitation value corresponding to the occurrence of the polariton laser eect. This work highlights two identied physical processes which contribute to the laser eect : the thermodynamic and kinetic regimes. Moreover, it appears that the exciton-phonon interaction constitutes a specic phenomenon which allows to reduce the polariton laser threshold
Franke, Helena. "PLD-grown ZnO-based Microcavities for Bose–Einstein Condensation of Exciton-Polaritons." Doctoral thesis, Universitätsbibliothek Leipzig, 2012. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:15-qucosa-98174.
Full textThe present work covers the fabrication and optical investigation of semiconductor microcavities for Bose–Einstein condensation (BEC) of exciton-polaritons. These microcavities consist of highly reflective distributed Bragg reflectors (DBR) surrounding a ZnO-cavity as active medium. In the first step, the growth of DBRs was optimised with respect to exact thickness control and high reproducibility. For the active material, several growth strategies have been pursued, in order to optimise the conditions for the growth of planar thin films by pulsed laser deposition. Techniques like annealing or ion beam smoothing were successfuly applied in order to either improve the electronic properties or decrease the roughness of the ZnO-cavity layer. Furthermmore, a successful technology was developed in order to coat highly-crstalline free-standing ZnO nanowires with concentrical DBR shells. All samples have been investigated regarding their roughness and crystallinity as well as their optical properties. For the latter spatially and/or angular-resolved photoluminescence spectroscopy and reflection measurements have been carried out. Thereby, the strong coupling regime – being prerequisite for BEC – could be demonstrated in almost all of the synthesized structures. For the nanowire-based microcavities hints for an enhanced coupling strength have been found. In one of the planar samples, showing the high quality factor of 1000, the formation of BEC almost up to room temperature was observed and was studied as a function of temperature and detuning. Negative detuning was found to be mandatory for the formation of a BEC in ZnO-based microcavities. The distinct momentum- respective in-plane wavevector distribution of the condensate polaritons revealed a strong dynamic character of these particles at low temperatures
Albert, Olivier. "Variations d'indice non linéaire en régime femtoseconde : effets directs et effets en cascade." Phd thesis, Paris 11, 1998. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00011667.
Full text- la réalisation d'un amplificateur paramétrique optique femtoseconde permettant de disposer de longueurs d'onde dans l'infrarouge proche.
- un système expérimental de mesure de phase permettant de mesurer l'évolution temporelle de phases non linéaires.
- des mesures de fréquences de phonons optique dans des cristaux pérovskites. La détermination théorique et expérimentale du vecteur d'onde associé au phonon a permis de séparer deux processus expérimentaux différents.
- la mesure de la dynamique temporelle du déphasage induit par une cascade de non linéarités du second ordre lors de la génération de fréquence somme. Les résultats ont montré que le déphasage n'est pas assimilable à un phénomène instantané et que le décalage temporel de fréquence associé est non linéaire.
Grant, Richard Theodore. "New frontiers in organic polariton devices : fluorescent molecules, polariton lasers, and biological systems." Thesis, University of Sheffield, 2016. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/16819/.
Full textBouteyre, Paul. "Lasers à pérovskites hybrides halogénées en microcavité." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019SACLN069/document.
Full textSince 2012, the hybrid halide perovskites of CH3NH3PbX3 (X = I, Br or Cl) type have emerged as very promising not only in the field of photovoltaics but also for light-emitting devices such as light-emitting diodes and lasers. One of the crucial advantages of these semiconductor materials is their low temperature and solution deposition method. The tuning of the perovskites emission wavelength throughout the visible spectrum by simple chemistry substitutions in the halogenated part is another asset. In particular, the halide perovskites show a high luminescence efficiency in the green and could address the "green gap" problem in laser sources (the "green gap" refers to the drop in efficiency of light-emitting diodes and laser diodes emitting in the green).The thesis work carried out here is focused on the development of an optically pumped laser based on the hybrid halide perovskite CH3NH3PbBr3 emitting in the green. The structure consists of a vertical microcavity based on a 100-nanometre thin film of CH3NH3PbBr3 deposited by spin-coating, inserted between a dielectric mirror and a metal mirror. We have demonstrated, at room temperature, the strong coupling regime between the microcavity photonic mode and the exciton of the perovskite. This strong coupling regime leads to the creation of quasi-particles called exciton-polaritons, which are a coherent superposition of photonic and excitonic states. By increasing the optically injected power, we obtained a laser effect in this microcavity. The study of the emission properties of this laser shows that we have produced a random laser, emitting in the green, filtered directionally by the dispersion curve of the lower polariton. This filtering by the polariton dispersion curve allows the directionality of the laser emission to be controlled over a wide range of angles: angles as large as 22° were obtained experimentally
Leménager, Godefroy. "Étude de nanostructures semiconductrices pour la photonique quantique : Polaritons de microcavité sous excitation à deux photons et sources de photons uniques avec des nanocristaux colloïdaux." Phd thesis, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris VI, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00818662.
Full textAdrados, Claire. "Polaritons en microcavité semi-conductrice : dynamique de fluide quantique, effets de spin et mesures de bruit en régime d'oscillation paramétrique." Phd thesis, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris VI, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00789192.
Full textChapet-Rousseau, Mireille. "Etude des modes de vibration actifs en effet Raman et en infra-rouge, dans différents échantillons de quartz naturel ou synthétique." Paris 11, 1985. http://www.theses.fr/1985PA112286.
Full textIn this work, vibration mode parameters are compared for different samples of quartz. The experimental method, derived from stimulated Raman effect, needs two coherent light beams, one of which is frequency tunable. So, several lasers and the corresponding data acquisition and processing systems have been tested. From a theoretical point of view, vibration modes of a cristal have been reviewed in isotropic crystals or anisotropic ones as well, for bulk samples or slabs; coupling with an electromagnetic wave have been taken into account when necessary. The stimulated interaction between the two incident light beams have been calculated. The experimental results make evident the variations of vibration mode parameters from one sample to another; they point out the perturbations induced by mechanical stresses, in the vibration modes which are excited in a crystalline slab
Jouy, Pierre. "Dispositifs quantiques en régime de couplage ultra-fort lumière-matière pour l'optoélectronique dans le moyen infrarouge." Phd thesis, Université Paris-Diderot - Paris VII, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00700819.
Full textAchlan, Moustafa. "Surface Plasmon Polariton and Wave Guide Modes in a Six Layer Thin Film Stack." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018SACLS109.
Full textIn this thesis, we investigate the optical properties of a six-layer stack (air-Au-SiO₂-Au-Ti-glass). The interfaces are flat and the modeling is performed using elementary Fresnel expressions at the interface and plane wave propagation in the layers. Two models are used where the sample is: i) excited by a source at infinity (excitation by source at infinity (ESI)); ii) excited by a local source. In the experiments we are modeling this source consists of the inelastic tunneling electrons from a scanning tunneling microscope (STM). In our modeling this source is replaced by a vertical oscillating dipole. Using these two models one calculates the reflected (reflectance) and the transmitted (transmittance) flux from a source at infinity and the transmitted flux of a local source. Surface plasmon polariton (SPP) and wave guide (WG) modes may be identified in the reflectance, transmittance and transmitted flux. In a particular wavelength domain the SPP and WG repel each other giving rise to an avoided crossing. The choice of the gold (Au) and silica (SiO₂) thicknesses of the six-layer stack is guided by two requirements: high amplitude of the observable and wide wavelength dependence of the in-plane wave vector. We also study the influence of the gold and silica thicknesses on the observables. We find that the observables are significant for dAu[10, 90 nm] for the three and dAu[10, 50 nm] for six layer stacks and this predictive study guided the choice of the experimental sample thicknesses. The wave guide mode appears for dSiO₂ >190 nm. The electric field as a function of the penetration coordinate z is calculated in order to characterize the location of the field in the stack and to assign the nature of the modes. We observe that for the SPP the electric field is confined at the Au-air interface whereas, the electric fields corresponding to the WG mode are confined inside SiO₂ layer. Our calculations presented in this work are in good agreement with the experimental measurements performed in our group
Costantini, Daniele. "Generation and amplification of surface plasmon polaritons at telecom wavelength with compact semiconductor-based devices." Thesis, Paris 11, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA112036/document.
Full textThe field of plasmonics is experiencing a rapid development, due to the interest in studying the behavior of light at the nanometer scale. Key ingredients of plasmonics are the surface plasmons (SPs), electromagnetic modes localized at the interface between a metal and a dielectric. SPs rely on the interaction between electromagnetic radiation and conduction electrons at metallic interfaces or in "small" metallic nanostructures. The recent intense activity on plasmonics has been also enabled by state-of-the-art nano fabrication techniques and by high-sensitivity optical characterization techniques. These tools pave the way to promising applications (integration in electronics, chemical and biological detection...), which exploit the SP peculiarity of confining optical fields over sub-wavelength mode volumes. The number of publications concerning plasmonics has been continuously increasing over the last twenty years giving rise to a dynamic research context. Several plasmonic devices have been demonstrated during the last years (modulators, couplers, detectors ...). However their integration is limited by the absence of a compact generator (electrical pumping, small dimensions) and by the huge ohmic losses. Standard techniques for surface plasmon polariton (SPP) generation need an external alignment with a laser source on a prism or on a grating. Our approach is based on semiconductor lasers sources with a transverse magnetic (TM) polarization. Therefore, it is possible to obtain compact semiconductor devices suitable for the on chip integration. During my thesis I studied experimentally and numerically the performance of a diode laser as a function of the metal distance from its active region. The proximity of the gain to the metal is necessary to realize active plasmonic devices. I demonstrated the generation and the amplification of SPP in the telecom range (λ=1.3µm) with compact semiconductor based devices, operating at room temperature and by electrical injection. I realized an elegant architecture with an integrated coupler grating for the SPP generation. The SPPs are directly accessible at the device surface. An ultra-thin cladding device allowed the demonstration of a hybrid plasmonic laser with a consistent fraction of electric field at the metal/semiconductor interface. Finally I demonstrated that the metal patterning allows a loss reduction, decreasing the laser threshold. The results are strengthened by a new near-field technique (NSOM) which permitted to measure the SPPs at the metal/air interface and at the metal/semiconductor interface. Thanks to the NSOM we showed unambiguously the effect of the metal patterning on the optical mode
Strupiechonski, Élodie. "Confinement photonique extrêmement sub-longueur d'onde pour les lasers à cascade quantique térahertz." Phd thesis, Université Paris Sud - Paris XI, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00943200.
Full textVisnevski, Dmitri. "Collective dynamics of excitons and exciton-polaritons in nanoscale heterostructures." Phd thesis, Université Blaise Pascal - Clermont-Ferrand II, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00914332.
Full textChastanet, Daniel. "Nouvelles sources compactes dans le moyen-infrarouge : Lasers à cascade quantique au-delà de 16 microns et LED électroluminescentes en régime de couplage fort." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016SACLS143/document.
Full textThe far infrared (16 µm < λ < 30 µm) is an important area for applications such as detecting wide organic molecules (whose absorption fingerprints falls in this wavelength range) and for radio-astronomy (local oscillator for the heterodyne detection). Unfortunately, the atmospheric transparency window, commonly called the 4th transparency window is almost unexplored.QCL are coherent light sources, covering a range from infrared to THz, based on the engineering of band structures of semiconductors. They have excellent performances in the mid infrared but their effectiveness diminishes in the 4th window and beyond.One aim of this thesis is the development of a new generation of QCL able to cover this spectral region with good performance in terms of output power and maximum operating temperature. A key point in this context is the use of a new material system for these wavelengths: InAs / AlSb. The advantage of this solution is its very small effective mass : 0.023 m0 (compared to 0.043 m0 in the InGaAs wells), which provides a higher gain, resulting in significant performances improvement.Another fundamentally different approach lies in the strong coupling regime. Using an ultra-fast characteristic time associated with Rabi oscillations, can allow the realization of emitting sources with improved quantum efficiency (compared to an bare inter-subband transition). pseudo particles arising from the strong coupling regime in the inter-subband transitions (called polaritons inter-sub-bands) may under certain limits behave as bosons. One then sees the possibility of coherent sources based on the relaxation of a polariton condensate
Brückner, Robert. "Coherence and Coupling of Cavity Photons and Tamm Plasmons in Metal-Organic Microcavities." Doctoral thesis, Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden, 2013. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:14-qucosa-115452.
Full textIn dieser Arbeit werden erstmals dünne, unstrukturierte sowie lateral strukturierte metallische Schichten in organische Mikroresonatoren eingebettet und anschließend die optischen Eigenschaften mittels spektroskopischer Verfahren untersucht. Es zeigt sich, dass die erwarteten hohen optischen Verluste durch die Absorption des elektrischen Feldes im Metall deutlich reduziert sind, verglichen mit dem Fall einer freistehenden, nicht eingebetteten Metallschicht gleicher Dicke. Als Folge der Wechselwirkung der photonischen Kavitätsmode mit dem Metall spaltet diese in zwei miteinander gekoppelte Moden auf. Diese neuartigen Moden werden als Tamm-Plasmonen bezeichnet. Die Kopplung sowie die spektrale Differenz beider Moden ist zum einen durch die optischen Eigenschaften und die Dicke der eingebetteten Metallschicht definiert, zum anderen durch die optische Dicke der angrenzenden dielektrischen Schichten. Dadurch ist eine Optimierung des Systems im Hinblick auf Absorption und Emissionswellenlänge der Bauteile möglich, so dass selbst bei Raumtemperatur kohärente Emission eines Tamm-Zustands erzielt werden kann. Eine erarbeitete analytische Rechnung bestätigt und erklärt die experimentell gemessene, polarisationsabhängige Aufspaltung der auftretenden resonanten Moden. Im zweiten Teil der Arbeit sind organische Mikroresonatoren, deren eingebettete Metallschicht in lateraler Richtung auf verschiedene Weisen strukturiert sind, Gegenstand der Untersuchungen. Als Folge dieser Strukturierung kommt es zur lateralen Beschränkung der photonischen Zustandsdichte, was durch eine Diskretisierung der Energiespektren der resultierenden optischen Moden experimentell nachweisbar ist. Werden periodische Metallstreifen mittels Photolithographie erzeugt, so kommt es neben einer weiteren Beeinflussung der Zustandsdichte auch zu Effekten, die durch diese Periodizität bedingt sind. Entsprechend reproduziert sich die Kavitätsmode mehrfach im Impulsraum. Oberflächenplasmonen, die auf der Grenzfläche zwischen dem Metall und den dielektrischen Schichten propagieren, werden auf Grund der Periodizität bis in den experimentell zugänglichen Lichtkegel gestreut. Dabei werden Plasmonenresonanzen bis hin zur 30. Ordnung gemessen. Im letzten Experiment werden derart periodisch strukturierte Metall-Organik-Mikroresonatoren auf ihre Lasertätigkeit hin untersucht. Eine lokal begrenzte optische Anregung mittels eines gepulsten Lasers führt zur Ausbildung verschiedener Bloch-ähnlicher Moden, deren Kohärenz sich lateral bis zu 40 µm ausbreitet. Eine Fourieranalyse zeigt eindeutige und feste Phasenbeziehungen zwischen angrenzenden Maxima der Moden. Zusammenfassend ergeben sich interessante metall-organische Systeme, die minimale Absorption und niedrige Laserschwellen aufweisen und die prinzipielle Eignung zur elektrischen Kontaktierung besitzen
Costantini, Daniele. "Génération et amplification de plasmon polaritons de surface aux longueurs d'onde télécom au moyen de dispositifs compacts à semi-conducteur." Phd thesis, Université Paris Sud - Paris XI, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00828337.
Full textKadoshima, Taisuke. "Self-organization of axial polarity, inside-out layer pattern and species-specific progenitor dynamics in human ES cell-derived neocortex." Kyoto University, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/188695.
Full textHanif, Raza. "Microfabrication of Plasmonic Biosensors in CYTOP Integrating a Thin SiO2 Diffusion and Etch-barrier Layer." Thèse, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/19880.
Full textHofmann, Michael [Verfasser], Ralf [Akademischer Betreuer] Galuske, Paul G. [Akademischer Betreuer] Layer, and Thomas [Akademischer Betreuer] Braun. "Lung epithelial specific depletion of Numb and Numblike impairs epithelial polarity and integrity / Michael Hofmann ; Ralf Galuske, Paul G. Layer, Thomas Braun." Darmstadt : Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Darmstadt, 2017. http://d-nb.info/1148650164/34.
Full textMischok, Andreas, Robert Brückner, Hartmut Fröb, Vadim G. Lyssenko, and Karl Leo. "Photonic lattices in organic microcavities: Bloch states and control of lasing." SPIE, 2015. https://tud.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A35053.
Full textPodzorov, Alexander. "Spectroscopie et imagerie térahertz des systèmes d'intérêt biologique." Phd thesis, Palaiseau, Ecole polytechnique, 2009. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00005584.
Full textRuan, Zhichao. "Dispersion Engineering : Negative Refraction and Designed Surface Plasmons in Periodic Structures." Doctoral thesis, Stockholm : Informations- och kommunikationsteknik, Kungliga Tekniska högskolan, 2007. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-4542.
Full textKarr, Jean-Philippe. "Optique quantique dans les microcavités semi-conductrices. Spectroscopie de l'ion moléculaire H2+." Habilitation à diriger des recherches, Université d'Evry-Val d'Essonne, 2008. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00347825.
Full textJ'aborde dans la deuxième partie mes activités théorique et expérimentale autour de la spectroscopie de l'ion H2+. Le but de l'expérience, qui a débuté en 2003 à l'université d'Evry, est de mesurer la fréquence d'une transition vibrationnelle à deux photons sans effet Doppler, et de la comparer à des prédictions théoriques précises pour en déduire une nouvelle détermination du rapport mp/me. Je décris les progrès des calculs de haute précision sur l'ion H2+ (niveaux d'énergie non relativistes, structure hyperfine), ainsi que le dispositif expérimental mis en place et les perspectives de l'expérience.
Michalsky, Tom. "Propagating exciton-polariton states in one- and two-dimensional ZnO-based cavity systems." 2017. https://ul.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A21376.
Full textChou, Yu-Hsun, and 周昱薰. "ZnO Nanowire Surface Plasmon Polariton Lasers." Thesis, 2016. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/05661272912113274827.
Full text國立交通大學
照明與能源光電博士學位學程
105
The use of small optoelectronic devices with low power consumption for the realization of high-density integrated optoelectronic integrated circuits has attracted increasing interest in recent years. Although current semiconductor device manufacturing technology enables the development of nanoscale semiconductor optoelectronics, these devices are still restricted by the optical diffraction limit and cannot be further shrunk to nanoscale. In our research, we realized a Fabry–Perot-type surface plasmon polariton (SPP) laser by placing an insulator between a ZnO nanowire and metal film, forming a semiconductor–insulator–metal (SIM) structure. Because the emitted photons have characteristics in one-to-one correspondence with those of cavity surface plasmons (SPs), these photons also show coherent signatures. Our group has successfully demonstrated a SPP nanolaser that can be operated at room temperature through coupling between ZnO excitons and SPPs. Nanolasers with an ultracompact footprint can provide high-intensity coherent light, which can be potentially applied to high-capacity signal processing, biosensing, and subwavelength imaging. In this dissertation, we focus on the characteristics of a ZnO nanowire laser with silver- and aluminum-based thin film. In the first part, we demonstrate that the quality of the metal thin film and surface morphology increased the threshold significantly in an aluminum-based SPP nanolaser. By improving metal quality and surface roughness, we successfully enhanced the performance of the SPP nanolaser and achieved laser operation at room temperature. In the second part of this dissertation, we successfully demonstrate SPP nanolaser operation nearby the SP frequency by using a high-quality silver film with low metal loss. The characteristics of SPP nanolasers operating nearby the SP frequency are investigated in the silver-based SPP nanolaser. We then summarize the characteristics of the SPP nanolaser when it is operated at different distances from the SP frequency. In the final part of this dissertation, we show that by selecting the appropriate combination of permittivity between the metal and dielectric layers, the insulator layer of the SIM structure can be removed. The optimization of the SPP nanolaser structure can be sustained at temperatures of up to 353 K.
Wu, Yen-Mo, and 吳彥模. "Study of surface plasmon polariton ZnO nanowire lasers." Thesis, 2015. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/sv3g88.
Full text國立交通大學
光電工程研究所
104
Nanolasers with the advantages of small size and low energy consumption can be applied to many areas, like semiconductor fabrication, high density optical storage, biological and biomedical area. Nanolasers appeal many advanced groups to research. In this thesis, we mainly investigate the aluminum-based surface plasmon polariton ZnO nanowire lasers. In our research, the aluminum film and insulator are respectively fabricated in different ways. After analyzing the optical measurement results with AFM and reflectivity spectrum, we find that the threshold power density would greatly increase due to scattering loss resulting from the different fabrication method. Choosing the appropriate ways to fabricate can improve the laser device performance. As a result, the device still can operate at room temperature. By the prediction of simulation results, we successfully demonstrate the surface plasmonic laser without insulator layer. In the last section, we compare the difference between aluminum-based nanolasers and silver-based nanolasers.
Huang, Si-Wei, and 黃思維. "Study of Polariton Lasers in ZnO-based Hybrid Microcavities." Thesis, 2011. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/30426998505280263903.
Full text國立交通大學
照明與能源光電研究所
99
Microcavities containing excitons that couple strongly to photon can enter a regime of strong coupling which produces new mixed quasi-particles, the polaritons. Polaritons are half-light and half-matter particles, and possess unique and tunable dispersion relations. Recently, the discoveries in semiconductor microcavities have been shown that these polaritons differ completely from excitons in their enormous nonlinear scattering cross-sections and their bosonic statistics. This can lead to polariton lasing, the spontaneous emission of coherent light by condensates of exciton-polaritons. Unlike conventional lasers, polariton lasers have no threshold condition linked to the inversion of the population. In this thesis, a systematically study the characteristics of polariton lasers in ZnO-based Microcavities has been obtained. First, by using angle-resolved photoluminescence measurement, dispersion curves of polariton at room temperature are observed. These experimental results agree with simulated ones from transfer matrix method. That is an evidence of the existence of polaritons. As pumping power increases, lower polaritons efficiently relax toward ground state as a result of the increase of polariton-polariton scattering rate. When the carrier density reaches the threshold of bosonic final state stimulated scattering, lower polaritons macroscopically occupy ground state and spontaneously emit coherent light. Furthermore, we measure polarization, real space distribution, and spatial coherence in order to study the characteristics of polariton laser. Finally, we also observe the photon lasing at different region. By comparing polariton lasers with photon lasers, the clear discrimination of dispersion curves and polarization have been shown.
Xu, Wen-Hui, and 許雯惠. "Design and Fabrication of Tamm Plasmon Polariton UV Lasers." Thesis, 2017. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/uy55n6.
Full text國立交通大學
影像與生醫光電研究所
106
Electrons and holes coupled by the Coulomb force in semiconductors could form the quasi-particle, which is so called exciton. The exciton strongly couples with photon and produce the exciton-polariton. The coupling would split to two polariton branches: upper polariton branch (UPB) and lower polariton branch(LPB). Exciton-polaritons have the small effective mass and has the similar properties of bosons. Therefore, it can be an ideal candidates to observe the Bose–Einstein condensation at room temperature. The exciton-polariton laser generated by dynamical condensates is a low threshold novel coherent light source. In this study, the ZnO based Tamm plasmon polariton (TPP) ultraviolet laser is realized. TPP provides the strong electric field confinements in the active layer with excitons. The strong coupling of exciton polariton is at 373 nm and the large Rabi-splitting about 140 meV is observed. The corresponding lasing behaviors, such as threshold energy, linewidth, angular dispersion curve are verified. These results afford a basis to understand the exciton-Tamm polaritons lasing mechanisms.
Liao, Yun-Jhen, and 廖耘甄. "Synthesis of ZnO nanowires for application in surface plasmon polariton lasers." Thesis, 2017. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/q7e6fg.
Full text國立清華大學
材料科學工程學系
105
ZnO is one of the most promising optical materials and allows lasing in ZnO nanowires at room temperature. Plasmonic lasers are potentially useful in applications in biosensing, photonic circuits, and high-capacity signal processing. In this work, we combine a ZnO nanowire and single-crystalline metal films to fabricate Fabry-Perot type surface plasmon polariton (SPP) lasers to overcome the diffraction limit of conventional optics (λ/2n)3. High quality ZnO nanowires were synthesized by a vapor phase transport process via catalyzed growth. The ZnO nanowires were placed on a single-crystalline Al film grown with molecular beam epitaxy. Al2O3 deposited by atomic layer deposition was inserted between ZnO nanowires and Al film. The plasmonic laser is of metal-oxide-semiconductor (MOS) structure which might be compatible in processing of integrated silicon devices. The thickness effects of insulating layer on lasing threshold condition of the SPP nanolasers in the subwavelength regime were investigated. It was found that optimal thickness of dielectric layer deposited will lead to lower lasing threshold owing to the higher gain factor and lower metal loss. Besides, we also discuss the optical properties of photonic lasers. ZnO nanowires are used as gain medium which are synthesized by hydrothermal method.
Huang, Yao-Ching, and 黃耀慶. "Alignment Layer Polarity Effects on Ferroelectric Liquid Crystals." Thesis, 2007. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/57377525581143801847.
Full text國立交通大學
電機學院光電顯示科技產業專班
95
A method solving horizontal defect of FLCs was proposed based on elastic-continuum theory. According to the theory, FLCs of the uniform state in the cell had two stable states (azimuthal angle 讧=0 or 钉) which possessed the same minimum free energy and horizontal defect would always appear. Only one stable state had the minimum free energy so that horizontal defect no more observed in the cell, by using hybrid cell configurations which adopted two different alignment layers with opposite polarity, Our results showed that horizontal defect-free state was successfully achieved by using three different kinds of hybrid cells. Our breakthrough produced satisfied dark state, solved the alignment problem of FLCs and made FLCs application in displays become hopeful.
Liu, Mei-Chun, and 劉玫君. "Optical Characteristics of GaN-based Vertical Cavity Surface Emitting Lasers and Cavity Polariton Dispersion in Multimode GaN Microcavity." Thesis, 2009. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/77690208836316636082.
Full text國立交通大學
光電工程系所
97
Due to the inherent advantages of GaN-based compound materials, such as wide band gap varying from 0.7 to 6.2eV、direct band gap characteristics…, etc. Which all make them possible to emit emission wavelength ranging from red to ultra-violet with higher illumination. Therefore, GaN-based semiconductors have recently attracted much interest owing to their applications in optoelectronics devices. In this study, the fabrication of GaN-based vertical cavity surface emitting lasers (VCSELs) is analyzed and characterized. We proposed a GaN-based VCSEL structure which consists of InGaN/GaN MQWs and two dielectric DBRs with high reflectivity. We investigated the laser emission characteristics of the GaN-based VCSEL under optically pumping operation at room temperature. The quality factor of VCSEL is 1000, indicating a good interfacial layer quality of the structure. The laser emits emission wavelength at 412 nm with a linewidth of 0.26 nm. The measurement results reveal the linewidth reduction, degree of polarization of 79.4%, and the divergent angle of 5°. The laser has a threshold pumping energy of 784 nJ at room temperature and the characteristic temperature is 130K. Meanwhile, we used Hakki-Paoli method and the measured photoluminescence spectrum to estimate the temperature dependent optical gain and linewidth enhancement factor of the VCSELs. At 80 K, the optical gain of 2.2×103 cm-1 was estimated at the threshold condition with a carrier density of 6.8×1019 cm-3 by pulse laser. We found that the gain increases more rapidly as a function of the injected carrier density at lower temperature by two difference pumping sources. The α-factor at 300 K was estimated to be 4.3 and decreased to as low as 0.6 at 80 K. Micro-PL intensity mapping indicated that there exists nonuniform PL emission intensity over the VCSEL aperture. The gain values of the highest PL intensity are larger than the ones of lower PL intensity. We obtained the sharp slope of gain spectrum from 400 nm to 420 nm, while the slope of the gain spectrum ranging from 420 nm to 445 nm is smooth. The frequency spacing between adjacent PL peaks decreases by almost a factor of five from 470 nm to 370 nm. We use the intrinsic material index dispersion and polariton dispersion to fit the experimental data, it shows that the latter fitting curve is much better than the former one.
Brückner, Robert. "Coherence and Coupling of Cavity Photons and Tamm Plasmons in Metal-Organic Microcavities." Doctoral thesis, 2012. https://tud.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A26934.
Full textIn dieser Arbeit werden erstmals dünne, unstrukturierte sowie lateral strukturierte metallische Schichten in organische Mikroresonatoren eingebettet und anschließend die optischen Eigenschaften mittels spektroskopischer Verfahren untersucht. Es zeigt sich, dass die erwarteten hohen optischen Verluste durch die Absorption des elektrischen Feldes im Metall deutlich reduziert sind, verglichen mit dem Fall einer freistehenden, nicht eingebetteten Metallschicht gleicher Dicke. Als Folge der Wechselwirkung der photonischen Kavitätsmode mit dem Metall spaltet diese in zwei miteinander gekoppelte Moden auf. Diese neuartigen Moden werden als Tamm-Plasmonen bezeichnet. Die Kopplung sowie die spektrale Differenz beider Moden ist zum einen durch die optischen Eigenschaften und die Dicke der eingebetteten Metallschicht definiert, zum anderen durch die optische Dicke der angrenzenden dielektrischen Schichten. Dadurch ist eine Optimierung des Systems im Hinblick auf Absorption und Emissionswellenlänge der Bauteile möglich, so dass selbst bei Raumtemperatur kohärente Emission eines Tamm-Zustands erzielt werden kann. Eine erarbeitete analytische Rechnung bestätigt und erklärt die experimentell gemessene, polarisationsabhängige Aufspaltung der auftretenden resonanten Moden. Im zweiten Teil der Arbeit sind organische Mikroresonatoren, deren eingebettete Metallschicht in lateraler Richtung auf verschiedene Weisen strukturiert sind, Gegenstand der Untersuchungen. Als Folge dieser Strukturierung kommt es zur lateralen Beschränkung der photonischen Zustandsdichte, was durch eine Diskretisierung der Energiespektren der resultierenden optischen Moden experimentell nachweisbar ist. Werden periodische Metallstreifen mittels Photolithographie erzeugt, so kommt es neben einer weiteren Beeinflussung der Zustandsdichte auch zu Effekten, die durch diese Periodizität bedingt sind. Entsprechend reproduziert sich die Kavitätsmode mehrfach im Impulsraum. Oberflächenplasmonen, die auf der Grenzfläche zwischen dem Metall und den dielektrischen Schichten propagieren, werden auf Grund der Periodizität bis in den experimentell zugänglichen Lichtkegel gestreut. Dabei werden Plasmonenresonanzen bis hin zur 30. Ordnung gemessen. Im letzten Experiment werden derart periodisch strukturierte Metall-Organik-Mikroresonatoren auf ihre Lasertätigkeit hin untersucht. Eine lokal begrenzte optische Anregung mittels eines gepulsten Lasers führt zur Ausbildung verschiedener Bloch-ähnlicher Moden, deren Kohärenz sich lateral bis zu 40 µm ausbreitet. Eine Fourieranalyse zeigt eindeutige und feste Phasenbeziehungen zwischen angrenzenden Maxima der Moden. Zusammenfassend ergeben sich interessante metall-organische Systeme, die minimale Absorption und niedrige Laserschwellen aufweisen und die prinzipielle Eignung zur elektrischen Kontaktierung besitzen.
Χρόνη, Δάφνη. "Φασματοσκοπία χρονικής ανάλυσης και συγκριτική μελέτη γραμμικών και αστεροειδών συζυγιακών οργανικών μορίων." Thesis, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10889/5470.
Full textThe optic excitement and the degree of Intramolecular Charge Transfer (ICT), as well as the dynamics of excited states, two new organic structures of molecules, D-pi-A (linear molecule) and DA3 (dendrimers – molecule with center an electron donor) have been investigated with femtosecond time resolved spectroscopy in two different solvents, toluene (with weak polarity) and tetrahydrofuran (moderate polarity). The experimental results by comparing the molecules of the same structure (DA or DA3) with gradual change of electrons acceptors (from weakest to strongest) in the same solvent showed that the organic structures with strongest electron acceptors had faster decay of the fluorescence and hence a stronger intramolecular charge transfer. Moreover, the comparison of the two structures showed that the dendrimers molecules generally showed stronger intramolecular charge transfer. Also the experimental results showed that when the solvent effect ( interactions dipole – dipole) on spectral properties of molecules by reducing the energy of the excited levels (red shift Stoke) of the fluorescence spectra of molecules and then the structures with the strongest electron acceptors had faster decay of the fluorescence
Bock, Sergej. "Neue Ansätze zur linearen und nichtlinearen optischen Charakterisierung molekularer und nanokristalliner Ensembles: Zusammenhang zwischen makroskopischer Funktion und Struktur auf mesoskopischer Längenskala technologisch relevanter Materialien." Doctoral thesis, 2020. https://repositorium.ub.uni-osnabrueck.de/handle/urn:nbn:de:gbv:700-202010293646.
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