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Journal articles on the topic 'Polarization capacity'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 2 June 2025

Last updated: 31 July 2025

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1

Yunita, Trasma, Harfan H. Ryanu, and Aloysius A. Pramudita. "Effect of Antenna Polarization Arrangement on MIMO Channel Capacity." Emerging Science Journal 9, no. 2 (2025): 1076–88. https://doi.org/10.28991/esj-2025-09-02-028.

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This study investigates the effect of antenna polarization configurations on the channel capacity of Multiple-Input Multiple-Output (MIMO) systems. Theoretical modeling and computational simulations are conducted to examine the impact. The theoretical model is predicated on a MIMO arrangement with a half-wavelength Dipole antenna as the MIMO element. The influence of antenna polarization on MIMO capacity is expressed via mutual impedance as a function of antenna polarization. Theoretical and simulation results indicate that antenna polarization influences the capacity of MIMO channels. Cross-p

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2

Xiong, Bo, Yu Liu, Yihao Xu, et al. "Breaking the limitation of polarization multiplexing in optical metasurfaces with engineered noise." Science 379, no. 6629 (2023): 294–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.ade5140.

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Noise is usually undesired yet inevitable in science and engineering. However, by introducing the engineered noise to the precise solution of Jones matrix elements, we break the fundamental limit of polarization multiplexing capacity of metasurfaces that roots from the dimension constraints of the Jones matrix. We experimentally demonstrate up to 11 independent holographic images using a single metasurface illuminated by visible light with different polarizations. To the best of our knowledge, it is the highest capacity reported for polarization multiplexing. Combining the position multiplexin

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Li, Lin-Yi, Tie-Jun Wang, and Chuan Wang. "The analysis of high-capacity quantum secure direct communication using polarization and orbital angular momentum of photons." Modern Physics Letters B 34, no. 02 (2019): 2050017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217984920500177.

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Higher channel capacity and noise elimination are the key requirements for the implementation of long-distance quantum communication. As the additional degrees of freedom (DoF) of photons can be employed to achieve higher channel capacity and security beyond the polarizations DoF of photons, the photonic qubits are always employed as the flying qubits in quantum communication and quantum information processing. Here, exploiting the multiple DoFs of photons, we present an efficient quantum secure direct communication protocol based on the coding and manipulation of qubits on both the polarizati

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Мартинчук, О. О., Г. М. Зубрицький, Лі Сюань, and О. О. Мартинчук. "Some limitations of evaluating dual-polarized MIMO channel capacity." Системи обробки інформації, no. 2(161), (June 15, 2020): 16–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.30748/soi.2020.161.02.

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This article discusses possible bandwidth limitations of a radio access channel using MIMO technology with polarization-orthogonal channels, or dual polarization channels. The main attention is paid to the presence of cross-polarization isolation between channels, or cross-polarization relation, or Cross Polar Discrimination. The indicated ratio is determined mainly by the design features of the antennas. It is proposed to choose antennas with the minimum required values of cross-polarization ratio, which limit a given channel bandwidth.

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Błasiok, Jarosław, Venkatesan Guruswami, Preetum Nakkiran, Atri Rudra, and Madhu Sudan. "General Strong Polarization." Journal of the ACM 69, no. 2 (2022): 1–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3491390.

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Arıkan’s exciting discovery of polar codes has provided an altogether new way to efficiently achieve Shannon capacity. Given a (constant-sized) invertible matrix M , a family of polar codes can be associated with this matrix and its ability to approach capacity follows from the polarization of an associated [0, 1]-bounded martingale, namely its convergence in the limit to either 0 or 1 with probability 1. Arıkan showed appropriate polarization of the martingale associated with the matrix ( G 2 = ( 1 1 0 1) to get capacity achieving codes. His analysis was later extended to all matrices M that

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6

Wehner, Rüdiger. "Polarization vision – a uniform sensory capacity?" Journal of Experimental Biology 204, no. 14 (2001): 2589–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/jeb.204.14.2589.

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SUMMARYIn this concept paper, three scenarios are described in which animals make use of polarized light: the underwater world, the water surface and the terrestrial habitat vaulted by the pattern of polarized light in the sky. Within these various visual environments, polarized light is used in a number of ways that make quite different demands on the neural circuitries mediating these different types of behaviour. Apart from some common receptor and pre-processing mechanisms, the underlying neural mechanisms may differ accordingly. Often, information about χ (the angle of polarization), d (t

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Rizki, Abdurrahman, Alloysius Adya Pramudita, and Trasma Yunita. "PENGARUH PENYUSUNAN POLARISASI PADA SISTEM ANTENA MIMO TERHADAP KAPASITAS KANAL." TEKTRIKA - Jurnal Penelitian dan Pengembangan Telekomunikasi, Kendali, Komputer, Elektrik, dan Elektronika 5, no. 1 (2020): 13. http://dx.doi.org/10.25124/tektrika.v5i1.3240.

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Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO) system is a technology that has the potential to be developed to increase channel capacity. The increase in channel capacity in the MIMO system is not only determined by the number of antennas, but is determined by the characteristics and arrangement of the antenna concept. This study identifies the effect of circular polarization on the MIMO antenna system on channel capacity. Co-polarization consists of a Left Hand Circular Polarization (LHCP) and Right Hand Circular Polarization (RHCP) configuration, while cross-polarization consists of an RHCP-LHCP con

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8

Farhang, Sean. "Legislative Capacity & Administrative Power Under Divided Polarization." Daedalus 150, no. 3 (2021): 49–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/daed_a_01859.

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Abstract Conventional wisdom holds that party polarization leads to legislative gridlock, which in turn disables congressional oversight of agencies and thus erodes their constitutional legitimacy and democratic accountability. At the root of this argument is an empirical claim that higher levels of polarization materially reduce legislative productivity as measured by the number of laws passed or the number of issues on the legislative agenda addressed by those laws, both of which are negatively associated with party polarization. By focusing on the content of statutes passed rather than thei

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9

Averina, Ekaterina V., Ksenia V. Smuseva, Pavel A. Tokarev, and Grigory K. Uskov. "Influence of crosspolarization of dual-polarized antenna elements on the ergodic capacity of a multichannel system." Physics of Wave Processes and Radio Systems 27, no. 4 (2024): 59–67. https://doi.org/10.18469/1810-3189.2024.27.4.59-67.

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Background. Antenna arrays based on dual-polarization elements are used as radiating devices for modern and perspective radio communication systems. The main factor reducing the effectiveness of this approach is the presence of spatial correlation and cross-polarization between elements in the array. These effects can lead to a significant reduction in communication system capacity. Aim. Derive relationships based on the Kronecker model that allow to take into account the polarization properties of antenna elements when calculating the ergodic capacity of a multi-channel communication system.

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10

Piltyay, S., A. Bulashenko, Y. Kalinichenko, and O. Bulashenko. "Electromagnetic Performance of Waveguide Polarizers with Sizes Obtained by Single-Mode Technique and by Trust Region Optimization." Advanced Electromagnetics 11, no. 3 (2022): 34–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.7716/aem.v11i3.1809.

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Modern wireless networks, stationary terrestrial and satellite systems use many modern technologies to increase communication channels information capacity. They save limited frequency resources. In satellite communications the polarization signal processing is applied to reuse the allocated frequency bands. Usage of circularly polarized electromagnetic waves, which transmit useful signals, reduces fading effects and eliminates disadvantages introduced by multipath propagation interferences. In this case the distortion levels for signals with an odd number of electromagnetic waves reflections

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11

Wang, Jianquan, Zhaobiao Lv, and Xinzhong Li. "Analysis of MIMO Diversity Improvement Using Circular Polarized Antenna." International Journal of Antennas and Propagation 2014 (2014): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/570923.

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MIMO (Multiple Input Multiple Output) technique is one of the important means to enhance the system capacity. Diversity gain could be acquired by using traditional ±45° dual-polarized antenna, but in the scenario where multipath scattering is not strong, power-unbalance in two polarizations caused by polarization mismatching between transmitting and receiving antennas will reduce diversity gain. This problem can be effectively solved by using circular polarized antennas. In this paper, through theory analysis and test, the improvement of MIMO diversity gain using circular polarization antenna

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12

Wang, Fuqing, Zhen Lin, Lijuan Liu, et al. "Does Polarization Increase Lead to Capacity Fade?" Journal of The Electrochemical Society 167, no. 9 (2020): 090549. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/1945-7111/ab956b.

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13

Li, H. J., and C. H. Yu. "MIMO CHANNEL CAPACITY FOR VARIOUS POLARIZATION COMBINATIONS." Journal of Electromagnetic Waves and Applications 18, no. 3 (2004): 301–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/156939304323085685.

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14

Mohamed, Nasrun Osman, Kamal A. Rahim Mohamad, Rijal Hamid Mohamad, et al. "Indoor Channel Capacity Measurement of 2 x 2 MIMO Polarization Diversity Antenna." Indonesian Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science 10, no. 3 (2018): 1196–202. https://doi.org/10.11591/ijeecs.v10.i3.pp1196-1202.

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This paper presents the channel capacity investigation and the polarization reconfigurable antenna analysis for MIMO system in an indoor scenario. A single and dual-port polarization reconfigurable antenna is used at the receiver end to study the effect of polarization diversity configurations towards the achievable performance of the channel capacity. The polarization reconfigurable antennas are developed through two techniques, which are slits perturbation for single-port and feeding network modification for dualport. The benefits offered by the designed antennas are investigated when being

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15

Zhai, Yueyang, Li Cao, Ying Liu, and Xiaodi Tan. "A Review of Polarization-Sensitive Materials for Polarization Holography." Materials 13, no. 23 (2020): 5562. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma13235562.

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Polarization holography has the unique capacity to record and retrieve the amplitude, phase, and polarization of light simultaneously in a polarization-sensitive recording material and has attracted widespread attention. Polarization holography is a noteworthy technology with potential applications in the fields of high-capacity data storage, polarization-controlled optical elements, and other related fields. The choice of its high-performance materials is particularly important. To further develop polarization holography applications and improve the quality of the information recorded (i.e.,

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16

Tsang, Hon Ki, Dan Yi, Xuetong Zhou, and David Weng U. Chan. "Advances in silicon photonics for high-capacity optical interconnects - INVITED." EPJ Web of Conferences 287 (2023): 01008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/epjconf/202328701008.

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We review our recent progress on advanced silicon photonic devices and photonic circuits, including advanced grating couplers, modulators, mode and polarization division multiplexing and integrated optical signal processors for use in high capacity data center interconnects. The use of shifted polysilicon overlay gratings on waveguide grating couplers to improve coupling efficiency and polarization independence will be described. We also present our recent results on silicon microring and silicon-germanium electroabsorption modulators for 100Gbaud data transmission and their use polarization a

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17

Lo, Hsun-Chang, Ding-Bing Lin, Teng-Chieh Yang, and Hsueh-Jyh Li. "Effect of Polarization on the Correlation and Capacity of Indoor MIMO Channels." International Journal of Antennas and Propagation 2012 (2012): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/246348.

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We describe a simple multiple-input/multiple-output (MIMO) channel measurement system for acquiring indoor MIMO channel responses. Four configurations of the polarization diversity antenna, referred to asVVV,YYH,YVYandVHH, were studied in terms of the capacity of indoor MIMO systems. Measurements were taken for a3×3MIMO system in the 2.4 GHz band. In addition, the channel capacity, singular-value decomposition, and correlation coefficient were used to explain the effects of various polarization schemes on MIMO fading channels. We also propose an analysis method for polarization channel capacit

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18

Adiba, A., and F. Bioresita. "Sentinel-1 SAR Polarization Combinations for Flood Inundation Spatial Distribution Mapping (Case Study: South Kalimantan)." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 1127, no. 1 (2023): 012009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1127/1/012009.

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Abstract 41.98% of disaster events occurred in 2021 in Indonesia were flood disasters. Rain of 2.08 billion m3 during the second week of January 2021 occurred in South Kalimantan, Indonesia, where the volume of rainwater was not proportional to the capacity of the Barito Watershed. It caused flooding in 11 cities/regencies. In the discourse of flood disaster mitigation, it is important to be able to map the flood inundation spatial distribution. Research with remote sensing methods, especially active remote sensing, which can penetrate clouds and free from weather disturbances can be an option

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19

Osman, Mohamed Nasrun, Mohamad Kamal A. Rahim, Mohamad Rijal Hamid, et al. "Indoor Channel Capacity Measurement of 2 x 2 MIMO Polarization Diversity Antenna." Indonesian Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science 10, no. 3 (2018): 1196. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijeecs.v10.i3.pp1196-1202.

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<span>This paper presents the channel capacity investigation and the polarization reconfigurable antenna analysis for MIMO system in an indoor scenario. A single and dual-port polarization reconfigurable antenna is used at the receiver end to study the effect of polarization diversity configurations towards the achievable performance of the channel capacity. The polarization reconfigurable antennas are developed through two techniques, which are slits perturbation for single-port and feeding network modification for dual-port. The benefits offered by the designed antennas are investigate

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20

Bao, Yanjun, Long Wen, Qin Chen, Cheng-Wei Qiu, and Baojun Li. "Toward the capacity limit of 2D planar Jones matrix with a single-layer metasurface." Science Advances 7, no. 25 (2021): eabh0365. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.abh0365.

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The Jones matrix is a useful tool to deal with polarization problems, and its number of degrees of freedom (DOFs) that can be manipulated represents its polarization-controlled capabilities. A metasurface is a planar structure that can control light in a desired manner, which, however, has a limited number of controlled DOFs (≤4) in the Jones matrix. Here, we propose a metasurface design strategy to construct a Jones matrix with six DOFs, approaching the upper-limit number of a 2D planar structure. We experimentally demonstrate several polarization functionalities that can only be achieved wit

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21

Song, Ruiqi, Zeyu Ma, Qi Shao, et al. "Hierarchical Porous Nickel Anode with Low Polarization at High Current Density." Coatings 15, no. 4 (2025): 480. https://doi.org/10.3390/coatings15040480.

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Metal anodes have attracted much interest in metal batteries because of their high theoretical capacity and outstanding electrochemical performance. However, practical applications of metal anodes are often limited by polarization effects, leading to limited reaction capacity, lower energy efficiency, and shorter cycle life. Herein, a hierarchical porous nickel (Ni) is proposed as a promising anode with extremely low polarization at a high current density and reaction capacity. This Ni anode has a large specific surface area, and fast reaction kinetics can be realized. As a result, this porous

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22

Astuti, Rina Pudji, Eva Lucky Wijaya, Trasma Yunita, and Harfan Hian Ryanu. "Optimum Polarization Configuration of Planar Circular Patch MIMO Antenna." JURNAL INFOTEL 14, no. 1 (2022): 20–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.20895/infotel.v14i1.748.

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Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO) is a key technology that plays an important role in achieving the 5G requirement due to its capability to increase channel capacity. However, the increase of channel capacity is influenced by several aspects such as mutual coupling. Many methods are done to decrease the mutual coupling effect such as polarization arrangement of the MIMO antennas. This study on the polarization arrangement of a circular patch MIMO antenna at 3.5 GHz was performed. Four elements of the MIMO antenna are arranged with several polarization configurations both in Co-Polarization

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23

Dai, Pengzhang, Dong Yao, Tianxiang Ma, Honghai Shen, Weiguo Wang, and Qingyu Wang. "Analysis of Polarization Detector Performance Parameters on Polarization 3D Imaging Accuracy." Sensors 23, no. 11 (2023): 5129. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s23115129.

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Three-dimensional (3D) reconstruction of objects using the polarization properties of diffuse light on the object surface has become a crucial technique. Due to the unique mapping relation between the degree of polarization of diffuse light and the zenith angle of the surface normal vector, polarization 3D reconstruction based on diffuse reflection theoretically has high accuracy. However, in practice, the accuracy of polarization 3D reconstruction is limited by the performance parameters of the polarization detector. Improper selection of performance parameters can result in large errors in t

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24

Xu, Yin, Feng Li, Zhe Kang, et al. "Hybrid Graphene-Silicon Based Polarization-Insensitive Electro-Absorption Modulator with High-Modulation Efficiency and Ultra-Broad Bandwidth." Nanomaterials 9, no. 2 (2019): 157. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano9020157.

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Polarization-insensitive modulation, i.e., overcoming the limit of conventional modulators operating under only a single-polarization state, is desirable for high-capacity on-chip optical interconnects. Here, we propose a hybrid graphene-silicon-based polarization-insensitive electro-absorption modulator (EAM) with high-modulation efficiency and ultra-broad bandwidth. The hybrid graphene-silicon waveguide is formed by leveraging multi-deposited and multi-transferred methods to enable light interaction with graphene layers in its intense field distribution region instead of the commonly used we

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25

Sabiqun, Nahar, Redowan Mahmud Arnob Md., and Nasir Uddin Mohammad. "Empirical analysis of polarization division multiplexing-dense wavelength division multiplexing hybrid multiplexing techniques for channel capacity enhancement." International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering (IJECE) 13, no. 1 (2023): 590–600. https://doi.org/10.11591/ijece.v13i1.pp590-600.

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This paper exemplifies dense wavelength division multiplexing combined with polarization division multiplexing with C-band frequency range-based single-mode fiber. In the proposed link, 32 independent channels with 16 individual wavelengths are multiplexed with two different angles of polarization. Each carrying 130 Gbps dual-polarization data with 200 GHz channel spacing claiming a net transmission rate of 4.16 Tbits/s with spectral efficiency of 69% with 20% side-mode-suppression-ratio (SMSR) and optical signal to noise ratio (OSNR) 40.7. The performance of the proposed techniques has been a

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26

ZHAO Shuaifu, ZHONG Facheng, YU Qunxing, et al. "Polarization structures generated through Metalenses with vectorial foci for high-security optical encryption." Acta Physica Sinica 74, no. 17 (2025): 0. https://doi.org/10.7498/aps.74.20250508.

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Optical encryption technologies show significant application potential in information security due to their advantages of parallel processing, large capacity, and low power consumption. Polarization, as an important degree of freedom of light, has attracted extensive research interest in optical encryption through polarization manipulation and multiplexing. However, current polarization control methods based on pixelated or interleaved metasurfaces still face significant challenges, including fabrication complexity and inevitable crosstalk resulting from coupling between the neighboring struct

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27

Poier, Pier Paolo. "Variational formulation of the bond capacity charge polarization model." Journal of Chemical Physics 156, no. 10 (2022): 104101. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0082680.

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We present an alternative energy formulation of the bond capacity charge polarization model to be used in molecular dynamics simulations. The energy expression consists of a Coulombic charge–charge interaction contribution as well as a quadratic Coulomb potential term, which can be seen as the electrostatic energy stored in the system’s bond capacities. This formulation is shown to be variational in the potential space, although, it shares the same set of charges with the original non-variational formulation of the model. This variational formulation is compared with the non-variational one in

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28

Andrews, Michael R., Partha P. Mitra, and Robert deCarvalho. "Tripling the capacity of wireless communications using electromagnetic polarization." Nature 409, no. 6818 (2001): 316–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/35053015.

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Payne, L. E., and G. A. Philippin. "Some isoperimetric inequalities for capacity, polarization, and virtual mass." Applicable Analysis 23, no. 1-2 (1986): 43–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00036818608839630.

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Philippin, Gerard A. "Complementary isoperimetric inequalities for capacity, polarization, and virtual mass." Applicable Analysis 28, no. 3 (1988): 207–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00036818808839761.

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31

Qin, Pei-Yuan, Y. Jay Guo, and Chang-Hong Liang. "Effect of Antenna Polarization Diversity on MIMO System Capacity." IEEE Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters 9 (2010): 1092–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/lawp.2010.2093116.

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Molina-Garcia-Pardo, J. M., M. Lienard, P. Degauque, C. Garcia-Pardo, and L. Juan-Llacer. "MIMO Channel Capacity With Polarization Diversity in Arched Tunnels." IEEE Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters 8 (2009): 1186–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/lawp.2009.2035299.

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Poier, Pier Paolo, and Frank Jensen. "Including implicit solvation in the bond capacity polarization model." Journal of Chemical Physics 151, no. 11 (2019): 114118. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.5120873.

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34

Vena, Arnaud, Etienne Perret, and Smail Tedjini. "High-Capacity Chipless RFID Tag Insensitive to the Polarization." IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation 60, no. 10 (2012): 4509–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tap.2012.2207347.

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35

Yang, Huicong, and Feng Li. "Extra capacity beyond electrochemistry: electrons storage by spin-polarization." Science Bulletin 65, no. 24 (2020): 2038–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.scib.2020.09.005.

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Liang Dong, Hosung Choo, R. W. Heath, and Hao Ling. "Simulation of MIMO channel capacity with antenna polarization diversity." IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications 4, no. 4 (2005): 1869–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/twc.2005.850318.

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Wang, Hanho, and Gosan Noh. "Capacity Gain of Polarization Aligned Dual-Polarized Antenna Systems." Transactions of the Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers P 64, no. 2 (2015): 92–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.5370/kieep.2015.64.2.092.

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Henarejos, Pol, and Ana I. Pérez-Neira. "Capacity Analysis of Index Modulations over Spatial, Polarization and Frequency Dimensions." IEEE Transactions on Communications 65, no. 12 (2018): 5280–92. https://doi.org/10.1109/TCOMM.2017.2743166.

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Determining the capacity of a modulation scheme is a fundamental topic of interest. Index modulations (IM), such as spatial modulation (SMod), polarized modulation (PMod), or frequency index modulation (FMod), are widely studied in the literature. However, finding a closed-form analytical expression for their capacity still remains an open topic. In this paper, we formulate closed-form expressions for the instantaneous capacity of IM, together with its second- and fourth-order approximations. We show that, in average, the second-approximation error tends to zero for low signal to noise ratio (

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Zhang Shenglan, Tian Ximin, Xu Junwei, Xu Yaning, Li Liang, and Liu Jielong. "Generation and Independent-Manipulation of Multi-Channel High-Capacity Perfect Vector Vortex Beams Based on Geometric Metasurfaces." Acta Physica Sinica 74, no. 6 (2025): 0. https://doi.org/10.7498/aps.74.20241725.

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Perfect vector vortex beams (PVVBs), which are characterized by spiral phase，donut-shaped intensity profile and inhomogeneous polarization of a light beam carrying spin angular momentum (SAM) and orbital angular momentum (OAM), have a constant bright ring radius and ring width that are unaffected by changes in their carrying topological charge (TC)，enabling them highly valuable in many optical fields. Metasurfaces, as planar optical devices composed of subwavelength nanostructures, can precisely control the phase, polarization, and amplitude of electromagnetic waves, providing a revolutionary

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KOBAYASHI, SHIHO. "POLARIZATION IN VERY EARLY GAMMA-RAY BURST AFTERGLOW." International Journal of Modern Physics: Conference Series 08 (January 2012): 220–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s201019451200462x.

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Polarization offers the capacity to diagnose the structure of the magnetic fields in the GRB ejecta which could provide a clue to pin down the jet acceleration process. The recent early-time polarization detection at about 10% level opens the exciting possibility of measuring the time-resolved evolution of polarization degree and angle of early optical afterglow.

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Sokolov, Stanislav. "CHANCES OF WRONG INFORMATION RECEPTION DURING ELECTROMAGNETIC INFLUENCE UPON OPTICAL CABLE." SYNCHROINFO JOURNAL 9, no. 2 (2023): 26–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.36724/2664-066x-2023-9-2-26-29.

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Long-distance communication lines are optical fiber lines in most cases now. This moment PM QPSK system (polarization-division multiplex with quadrature phase shift keying) appear. Polarization-division multiplex uses a fact that the optical signal can propagate as two orthogonal polarized modes that allows to use the modes independently and makes it possible to double carrier capacity (together with already other used multiplex system). Two orthogonal waves using in the same fiber can cause problems during lightning discharges close by cable line. Under influence of external cross electrical

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S. Ghazi, A. "Reduction of Separation Distance in MIMO Systems Using Polarization Diversity." University of Thi-Qar Journal for Engineering Sciences 2, no. 4 (2011): 16–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.31663/utjes.v2i4.158.

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One of the promising techniques in communication systems is the Multiple Input –Multiple Output (MIMO) systems. The aim of these systems is increasing channel capacity, and the main problem in these systems is the required separation distance between antennas which must be greater than or equal to half wavelength. Satisfying this separation distance is difficult especially at low frequencies. In this paper we study the ability to reduce the total separation distance by using polarization diversity. Each two adjacent antenna are replaced by one dual polarized antenna. The obtained results show

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Kuntzel, Thomas, and Dominique Bagnard. "Manipulating Macrophage/Microglia Polarization to Treat Glioblastoma or Multiple Sclerosis." Pharmaceutics 14, no. 2 (2022): 344. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics14020344.

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Macrophages and microglia are implicated in several diseases with divergent roles in physiopathology. This discrepancy can be explained by their capacity to endorse different polarization states. Theoretical extremes of these states are called M1 and M2. M1 are pro-inflammatory, microbicidal, and cytotoxic whereas M2 are anti-inflammatory, immunoregulatory cells in favor of tumor progression. In pathological states, these polarizations are dysregulated, thus restoring phenotypes could be an interesting treatment approach against diseases. In this review, we will focus on compounds targeting ma

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Hand, Matthew, Hongchang Wang, Francesco Maccherozzi, et al. "Quantitative investigation of linear arbitrary polarization in an APPLE-II undulator." Journal of Synchrotron Radiation 25, no. 2 (2018): 378–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s1600577518001960.

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Insertion devices are utilized at synchrotron radiation facilities around the world for their capability to provide a high-brilliance X-ray beam. APPLE-II type undulators are especially important for their capacity to switch between a variety of photon beam polarization states. A high-precision soft X-ray polarimeter has been used to investigate the polarization calibration of an APPLE-II undulator (period length λu= 64 mm) installed on beamline I06 at Diamond Light Source. Systematic measurement of the beam polarization state at a range of linear arbitrary angles has been compared with the ex

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Grigoryan, L. R., and N. M. Bogatov. "NEW TECHNICAL SOLUTIONS IN THE PRACTICE OF MEASURING POLARIZATION CAPACITY." Kontrol'. Diagnostika, no. 256 (2019): 50–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.14489/td.2019.10.pp.050-057.

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The paper discusses new circuit solutions in the practice of electrochemical protection of pipelines. The aim of the work is to develop methods for measuring the polarization potential between the two control and measuring points of the pipeline under study. The main measurement methods are considered, a new method for measuring the polarization potential is proposed, based on local polarization current deviation using switched resistive circuits with subsequent mathematical processing of clock measurements. When implementing this method, it is possible to obtain additional information about t

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Revil, Andre, and Marceau Gresse. "Induced Polarization as a Tool to Assess Alteration in Geothermal Systems: A Review." Minerals 11, no. 9 (2021): 962. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/min11090962.

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The mineral alteration patterns in high- to low-temperature geothermal fields affect the induced polarization (electrical conductivity and chargeability) properties of volcanic rocks. Indeed, these properties are sensitive to the cation exchange capacity and the porosity of the rock, which are both dependent on the alteration path, temperature, and depth of burial. Therefore induced polarization tomography appears as a powerful non-intrusive geophysical method to investigate alteration patterns in geothermal fields. Among clay minerals, the production of smectite through prograde reactions occ

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Morant, Maria, Joaquin Pérez, and Roberto Llorente. "Polarization Division Multiplexing of OFDM Radio-over-Fiber Signals in Passive Optical Networks." Advances in Optical Technologies 2014 (February 27, 2014): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/269524.

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This paper describes the state-of-the-art of polarization multiplexing for optical networks transmission. The use of polarization division multiplexing (PDM) permits to multiply the user capacity and increase the spectral efficiency. Combining PDM and orthogonal frequency division multiplexed (OFDM) modulation allows maximizing the optical transmission capacity. The experimental demonstration of transmitting OFDM signals following ECMA-368 ultrawide band (UWB) standard in radio-over-fiber using PDM in passive optical networks is herein reported. The impact of cross-polarization and cochannel c

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Yang, Yu Ying, Hui Min Chen, He Jiao Chen, Yu Ying Yang, and Yun Feng Shao. "Short-Range Detection System with Polarized Laser and Polarization Characteristics of Typical Targets." Advanced Materials Research 756-759 (September 2013): 4640–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.756-759.4640.

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In view of using only the intensity information of retroreflection light and poor capacity of anti-interference in laser short-range detection, this paper presents a short-range detection method based on laser polarization properties of targets, designs the polarization detection model and constructs the polarization detection system. Through the analysis and the comparison of data which is obtained from the polarization characteristic and intensity characteristic experiments of five different targets, the conclusion that the detection method based on the laser polarization characteristics can

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González-Andrade, David, Roux Xavier Le, Guy Aubin, et al. "Spatial and Polarization Division Multiplexing Harnessing On-Chip Optical Beam Forming." Laser & Photonics Reviews 17, no. 11 (2023): 2300298. https://doi.org/10.1002/lpor.202300298.

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On-chip spatial and polarization multiplexing has emerged as a powerful strategy to boost the data transmission capacity of integrated optical transceivers. State-of-the-art multiplexers require accurate control of the relative phase or the spatial distribution among different guided optical modes, seriously compromising the optical transmission bandwidth and performance of the devices. To overcome this limitation, a new approach based on the coupling between guided modes in integrated waveguides and optical beams free-propagating on the chip plane is proposed. The engineering of the evan

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El Kurd, Dana S. "The Legacy of Authoritarian Strategies: Repression and Polarization in the Palestinian Territories." Middle East Law and Governance 10, no. 3 (2018): 375–401. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/18763375-01003007.

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What is the effect of authoritarianism on polarization within society, and how does such polarization affect collective action? This paper specifically addresses whether varying types of authoritarian strategies have an effect on the level of polarization in society, and the subsequent ability of different segments of society to coordinate. I argue that authoritarianism generates rising polarization, which in turn inhibits cooperation between groups. Specifically, the type of authoritarian strategy matters; exclusionary strategies such as repression generate higher levels of grievance and insu

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