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Journal articles on the topic 'Polarized Light Microscopic (PLM) analysis'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 16 February 2022

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1

Reffner, John A., and William T. Wihlborg. "Microanalysis of Asbestos Fibers by Ft-IR Microscopy." Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America 48, no. 2 (1990): 298–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0424820100135095.

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The identification of asbestos fibers in bulk or airborne samples can be made by Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) microscopy. Since asbestos fibers have been shown to be a health hazard, it is important to identify their presence in environmental samples. Asbestos fibers require both chemical and morphological data for their identification. This FT-IR microscopical method uses light microscopy for morphological and infrared spectroscopy for chemical identity of microscopic fibers. For the six minerals defined by the EPA as asbestos, the infrared spectral analysis can be made on the same samp

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2

Carlton, R. A. "Microscopy in Pharmaceutical Development." Microscopy and Microanalysis 4, S2 (1998): 478–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1431927600022510.

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Many different microscopic techniques are utilized in the development of new pharmaceuticals. For that reason, pharmaceutical companies have supported microscopy and microscopists even in the face of retrenchments in many other industries. Microscopy has the following three major uses in pharmaceutical development: 1) solid-state characterization of drug substance; 2) particle size analysis; 3) contaminant identification. Microscopy is also an important component of the study of the biological activity of drugs but that subject will not be discussed here.The analysis of the solid-state propert

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Millette, J. R., P. Few, and T. J. Hopen. "Microscopical Examination of Indoor Dusts." Microscopy and Microanalysis 4, S2 (1998): 476–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1431927600022509.

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Several case studies are shown as examples of the results of analyses using various microscopical instruments to characterize the particles in building dusts. Characterizing the particles and identifying possible sources of particles in dusts are often important parts of solving indoor indoor air quality (IAQ) and environmental problems. Samples of the dust particles can be collected by filtering the air with cassette air filters or by gathering the dust that has accumulated on surfaces. Depending on the size and types of particles in the dust either polarized light microscopy (PLM), scanning

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Park, J. I. "Complementary Analysis Using Polarized Light and Scanning Electron Microscopy in the Determination of Sulfate Attack on Concrete." Microscopy and Microanalysis 3, S2 (1997): 759–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1431927600010680.

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A high water to cement ratio in concrete produces excessive porosity in the paste, thereby increasing the concrete’s susceptibility to sulfate attack and subsequent premature deterioration. Widely used as a building material, concrete experiences physical and chemical deterioration whose extent and nature may be determined by polarized light microscopy (PLM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). New software innovations allow exact image relocation in PLM and SEM, thereby producing complementary information which aids in analyst recognition and increases the effectiveness of each analytical

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Caamaño, J. N., M. Catalá, R. Romaguera, et al. "257 DETECTION OF MICROTUBULES BY POLARIZED LIGHT MICROSCOPY IN SHEEP AND GOAT OOCYTES." Reproduction, Fertility and Development 23, no. 1 (2011): 226. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/rdv23n1ab257.

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The meiotic spindle in the oocyte is composed of microtubules and plays a key role in normal chromosome alignment and segregation during meiosis. In oocytes from farm animals, the meiotic spindle cannot be detected by conventional light microscopy due to the characteristic of their cytoplasm. Conventional methods to image the meiotic spindle rely on fixation of the oocytes. Polarized light microscopy (PLM) allows noninvasive evaluation of the meiotic spindle of metaphase oocytes. The aim of this study was to assess the efficiency of polarized light microscopy to detect microtubule-polymerized

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Zhang, Su Feng, and Chun Lei Kang. "Crystal Structure Analysis on Aramid Fiber/Fibrids and Paper by Polarized Light Microscopy." Key Engineering Materials 531-532 (December 2012): 636–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.531-532.636.

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The crystal structure of aramid fibers is highly orientated. The structure of aramid fibers with various manufacturing processes and aramid paper sheets were analyzed and observed by using polarized light microscope (PLM). The change and its law of aramid fiber crystal structure in such processes as aramid fiber mamufaturing of aramid fiber/fibrids, forming of aramid paper sheets, and heat treatment were analysed. The relationship between the structural feature of aramid fibers and the performance of aramid paper was also discussed.

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Assis, S., A. Keenleyside, and A. L. Santos. "Beyond the visible world: the role of microscopy in the study of past human conditions." Microscopy and Microanalysis 19, S4 (2013): 41–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1431927613000822.

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Paleopathology, summarily defined as the study of past diseases, has on the differential diagnosis a major challenge. Histological techniques offered the possibility to look inside the microstructure of both normal and abnormal body tissues to diagnose diseases that affected past populations, leading to the development of a new field of research - paleohistology or paleohistopathology. However, and contrary to paleopathology whose journey is well-established, in paleohistopathology there are many gaps that need to be filled. This occurrence is probably the result of a nonsystematic and non-sta

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Millette, James R. "Reference Methods For Analyzing For Asbestos In Various Media." Microscopy Today 3, no. 10 (1995): 10–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1551929500065640.

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Microscopy remains the primary tool for the analysis and quantification of asbestos in occupational and environmental studies. The American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) has recently approved two new Standard Methods for the analysis of asbestos in settled dust. Both methods require the use of a transmission electron microscope (TEM) equipped with an energy dispersive x-ray analysis system. Other methods curently in use require the use of a polarized light microscope {PLM) or phase contrast microscope (PCM).

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Neilly, J. P., J. S. Deng, J. L. House, and J. A. Fagerland. "Morphological Characterization of a Sustained-Release Drug Implant by Scanning Electron Microscopy, Polarized Light Microscopy and Image Analysis." Microscopy and Microanalysis 4, S2 (1998): 932–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1431927600024788.

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Septacin is a sustained-release antibiotic currently under development by the Hospital Products Division of Abbott Laboratories. The product is designed to be used as an anti-infective implant in orthopedic surgical procedures with a sustained drug release for up to six weeks in vivo. It consists of gentamicin sulfate formulated with a bioerodable polyanhydride copolymer. The polymer is biodegradable and has been approved by the FDA for human clinical trials. The final product is obtained by mixing 20% gentamicin sulfate with molten polymer and injection molding it to form cylindrical Septacin

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Polzer, Stanislav, T. Christian Gasser, Caroline Forsell, et al. "Automatic Identification and Validation of Planar Collagen Organization in the Aorta Wall with Application to Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm." Microscopy and Microanalysis 19, no. 6 (2013): 1395–404. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1431927613013251.

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AbstractArterial physiology relies on a delicate three-dimensional (3D) organization of cells and extracellular matrix, which is remarkably altered by vascular diseases like abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAA). The ability to explore the micro-histology of the aorta wall is important in the study of vascular pathologies and in the development of vascular constitutive models, i.e., mathematical descriptions of biomechanical properties of the wall. The present study reports and validates a fast image processing sequence capable of quantifying collagen fiber organization from histological stains. Po

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Tetschke, Florian, Jonas Golde, Tobias Rosenauer, et al. "Correlation between Lesion Progression and Depolarization Assessed by Polarization-Sensitive Optical Coherence Tomography." Applied Sciences 10, no. 8 (2020): 2971. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app10082971.

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The detection of early stages of caries is still one of the major challenges in preservative dentistry. Since it is known from polarized light microscopy (PLM) that intrinsic enamel birefringence is affected by demineralization, polarization-sensitive optical coherence tomography (PSOCT) could facilitate the noninvasive detection and assessment of early carious lesions. The present study aims to correlate enamel lesion progression and depolarization measurements based on PSOCT in an artificial demineralization model. A total of 18 enamel slabs were prepared from bovine incisor teeth and demine

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Briso, André Luiz Fraga, Rafael Simões Gonçalves, Fernanda Bernardi da Costa, Marjorie de Oliveira Gallinari, Luciano Tavares Angelo Cintra, and Paulo Henrique dos Santos. "Demineralization and Hydrogen Peroxide Penetration in Teeth with Incipient Lesions." Brazilian Dental Journal 26, no. 2 (2015): 135–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/0103-6440201300225.

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The aim of this study was to evaluate the demineralization and hydrogen peroxide (HP) penetration in teeth with incipient lesions submitted to bleaching treatment. For analysis of HP penetration, sound and demineralized enamel/dentin discs were placed in artificial pulp chambers containing acetate buffer solution. After bleaching treatment, this solution was subjected for analysis of optical density by spectrophotometry and the disc surfaces were analyzed with scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and polarized light microscopy (PLM). The remaining discs were subjected for cross-sectional hardnes

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Retamoso, Luciana Borges, Francisco Montagner, Elisa Souza Camargo, Roberto Willer Farinazzo Vitral, and Orlando Motohiro Tanaka. "Polarized Light Microscopic Analysis of Bone Formation After Inhibition of Cyclooxygenase 1 and 2." Anatomical Record: Advances in Integrative Anatomy and Evolutionary Biology 293, no. 2 (2009): 195–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ar.21035.

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Bernegossi, Jéssica, Carla Raquel Fontana, Karina Sampaio Caiaffa, Cristiane Duque, and Marlus Chorilli. "Inhibitory Effect of a KSL-W Peptide-Loaded Poloxamer 407-Based Microemulsions for Buccal Delivery on Fusobacterium nucleatum Biofilm." Journal of Biomedical Nanotechnology 16, no. 3 (2020): 390–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1166/jbn.2020.2896.

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KSL-W peptide has demonstrated antibacterial and antifungal activity and inhibitory effects against oral biofilm. This study aimed to check out the effect of chlorhexidine (CLX) or KSL-W peptide-loaded poloxamer 407-based microemulsions for buccal delivery on Fusobacterium nucleatum (F. nucleatum) biofilm. The formulation (F) containing 10% copolymer poloxamer 407 dispersion (1%), 40% oleic acid and 50% PPG-5-CETETH-20 was characterized by polarized light microscopy (PLM), small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS), rheology, bioadhesive and syringeability; and in the treatment of a biofilm produced

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Ewing, D. J., Qamar-ul Wahab, Sergey P. Tumakha, et al. "A Study of Inhomogeneous Schottky Diodes on n-Type 4H-SiC." Materials Science Forum 527-529 (October 2006): 911–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.527-529.911.

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In this study, we performed a statistical analysis of 500 Ni Schottky diodes distributed across a 2-inch, n-type 4H-SiC wafer with an epilayer grown by chemical vapor deposition. A majority of the diodes displayed ideal thermionic emission when under forward bias, whereas some diodes showed ‘double-barrier’ characteristics with a ‘knee’ in the low-voltage log I vs. V plot. X-ray topography (XRT) and polarized light microscopy (PLM) revealed no correlations between screw dislocations and micropipes and the presence of double-barrier diodes. Depth resolved cathodoluminescence (DRCLS) indicated t

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Sabatini, R. L., Toshi Sugama, and Leonidas Petrakis. "Analysis of IN-SITU Converted Chrysotile Asbestos Fibers in Sprayed on Fireproofing." Microscopy and Microanalysis 4, S2 (1998): 480–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1431927600022522.

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A BNL-Grace process has been developed to chemically convert in-situ, the chrysotile fibers of sprayed-on fireproofing products to an unregulated glassy material. The effectiveness of this process has been convincingly demonstrated using Analytical Electron Microscopy and X-Ray Diffraction techniques.Asbestos minerals were used in fireproofing materials because of their excellent physical properties including fire resistance, high tensile strength, heat and electrical insulation, and resistance to acids and alkali. But in 1975 the Environmental Protection Agency began regulating materials cont

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Oliveira, Marcela B., Alice Haddad do Prado, Jéssica Bernegossi, et al. "Topical Application of Retinyl Palmitate-Loaded Nanotechnology-Based Drug Delivery Systems for the Treatment of Skin Aging." BioMed Research International 2014 (2014): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/632570.

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The objective of this study was to perform a structural characterization and evaluate thein vitrosafety profile andin vitroantioxidant activity of liquid crystalline systems (LCS) with and without retinyl palmitate (RP). LCS containing polyether functional siloxane (PFS) as a surfactant, silicon glycol copolymer (SGC) as oil phase, and water in the ratios 30 : 25 : 45 and 40 : 50 : 10 with (OLSv= RP-loaded opaque liquid system andTLSv= RP-loaded transparent liquid system, respectively) and without (OLS and TLS, respectively) RP were studied. Samples were characterized using polarized light mic

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Millette, James R. "Recent Activities in Environmental Microscopy." Microscopy Today 1, no. 8 (1993): 4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1551929500069030.

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The microscope has always played an important part in the field of environmental science. Initially it was involved mostly with those who analyzed for biological indicators of pollution or those who examined air pollution particles, but more recently it is being used by a large number of analysts of particulate samples following the concern over asbestos in schools. With the Asbestos Hazard Emergency Response Act (AHERA) of 1987, transmission electron microscopy (TEM) formally joined polarized light microscopy (PLM) and phase contrast microscopy (PCM) as a recognized regulation-required standa

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Masuda, Allan Kenji, Mayra Fidelis Zamboni Quitero, Luciana Cardoso Espejo-Trung, and Maria Aparecida Alves Cerqueira Luz. "Histological and microhardness evaluation of early artificial carious lesions in human and bovine enamel: in vitro study." Brazilian Dental Science 16, no. 4 (2013): 49. http://dx.doi.org/10.14295/bds.2013.v16i4.929.

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<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Early carious lesions in bovine and humanenamel developed in vitro using a pH cycling regimenwere compared. <strong>Material and Methods: </strong>Fifteencentral bovine incisors and fifteen recently extractedhuman third molars were randomly divided into twogroups: ten for the cross-sectional microhardness test(MT) and five for polarized light microscopy (PLM)analysis. Enamel blocks measuring 5 x 5 mm weremade from the buccal face of the teeth. The blocksused for the MT were sliced into two halves: “A” and“B”. “A” slices were embedded

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Chu, Xiao-qin, Yong Zhang, Jie Huang, et al. "The Effect of Prescription on the Framework of Lipid Matrix and In Vitro Properties." Current Drug Delivery 16, no. 8 (2019): 737–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1567201816666190620115403.

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Purpose: To clarify the inner framework and relative properties in vitro of Lyotropic liquid crystal (LLC) based on various prescriptions by using hydrophilic sinomenine hydrochloride (SH) and lipophilic cinnamaldehyde (CA) as model drugs. Methods: Phase structures were checked by polarized light microscopy (PLM) and small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS). Rheological studies and Attenuated Total Reflectance Fourier Transform Infrared (ATR-FTIR) analysis were carried out to reveal their molecular interactions. In vitro release and skin permeation were conducted by Franz diffusion cell. Results: P

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Gonçalves, Rafael Simões, Polliana Mendes Candia Scaffa, Marina Ciccone Giacomini, Cristina de Mattos Pimenta Vidal, Heitor Marques Honório, and Linda Wang. "Sodium Trimetaphosphate as a Novel Strategy for Matrix Metalloproteinase Inhibition and Dentin Remineralization." Caries Research 52, no. 3 (2018): 189–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000484486.

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The effect of sodium trimetaphosphate (STMP) as an antiproteolytic and remineralizing agent on demineralized dentin was evaluated in vitro. The inhibitory potential of STMP at 0.5, 1.5, 3.5, and 5% against recombinant matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) MMPs-2 and -9 was assessed by zymography. To investigate its remineralization potential, 40 bovine root specimens were obtained and subjected to a demineralization protocol to produce caries-like dentin lesions. After that, dentin surfaces were divided into 3 areas: (1) mineralized (no treatment); (2) demineralized; and (3) demineralized/treated w

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Chow, Clara Ka Wai, Christine D. Wu, and Carla A. Evans. "In VitroProperties of Orthodontic Adhesives with Fluoride or Amorphous Calcium Phosphate." International Journal of Dentistry 2011 (2011): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2011/583521.

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Thisin vitrostudy evaluated the efficacy of orthodontic adhesives with fluoride or amorphous calcium phosphate (ACP) in reducing bacterial adhesion and enamel demineralization. Forty human premolars each sectioned buccolingually into three parts were bracketed with control resin (Transbond XT) or adhesives containing ACP (Aegis Ortho) or fluoride (QuickCure). Artificial lesions induced by pH cycling were examined by X-ray photoelectron spectrophotometry (XPS) and polarized light microscopy (PLM). After 28 days, Aegis Ortho demonstrated the lowest calcium and phosphorous content by XPS analysis

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Freire, Maria Teresa, António Santos Silva, Maria do Rosário Veiga, Jorge de Brito, and Frank Schlütter. "Natural or Artificial? Multi-Analytical Study of a Scagliola from Estoi Palace Simulating Imperial Red Porphyry." Microscopy and Microanalysis 22, no. 6 (2016): 1281–303. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1431927616011909.

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AbstractIn this paper the characterization of a gypsum plaster sample from the end of the 19th century simulating imperial red porphyry using a multi-analytical approach is presented and discussed. The results of X-ray diffraction (XRD), thermogravimetric and differential thermal analysis (TGA-DTA), physical and mechanical properties are summarized. In order to have further insight into the microstructure, polarized light microscopy (PLM), scanning electron microscopy coupled with energy dispersive X-ray spectrometer (SEM-EDS), and micro Raman spectroscopy analyzes were also made. They helped

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Pauli, Chantal, Won C. Bae, Michael Lee, et al. "Ultrashort–Echo Time MR Imaging of the Patella with Bicomponent Analysis: Correlation with Histopathologic and Polarized Light Microscopic Findings." Radiology 264, no. 2 (2012): 484–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1148/radiol.12111883.

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Longoria-Rodríguez, Francisco E., Lucy T. González, Yasmany Mancilla, et al. "Sequential SEM-EDS, PLM, and MRS Microanalysis of Individual Atmospheric Particles: A Useful Tool for Assigning Emission Sources." Toxics 9, no. 2 (2021): 37. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/toxics9020037.

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In this work, the particulate matter (PM) from three different monitoring stations in the Monterrey Metropolitan Area in Mexico were investigated for their compositional, morphological, and optical properties. The main aim of the research was to decipher the different sources of the particles. The methodology involved the ex situ sequential analysis of individual particles by three analytical techniques: scanning electron microscopy-energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM-EDS), polarized light microscopy (PLM), and micro-Raman spectroscopy (MRS). The microanalysis was performed on samples of

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Bély, M. "Histochemical Differential Diagnosis and Polarization Optical Analysis of Amyloid and Amyloidosis." Scientific World JOURNAL 6 (2006): 154–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1100/tsw.2006.35.

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Amyloidosis is characterized by extracellular deposition of protein fibrils of chemically heterogeneous composition. Early recognition and identification of amyloid deposits allows an early start of therapy, which may entail a better prognosis. Congo red staining according to Romhányi (1971) is a highly specific and sensitive method for early microscopic recognition of amyloidosis. The main and most important types of amyloidosis may be distinguished by classic histochemical methods of performate pretreatment according to Romhányi (1979), or by KMnO4oxidation according to Wright (1977) followe

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Brumit, M. C., B. O. Buschmann, C. W. Boudreaux, F. McDonald, and J. A. C. King. "SEM Analysis of Urine Crystals Prepared with Cytorich Red." Microscopy and Microanalysis 6, S2 (2000): 476–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1431927600034875.

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Microscopic evaluation of urine sediment by the cytology laboratory can provide valuable information to the clinician. While some crystal types are considered normal, others are abnormal and indicate disease. Traditional analysis within the cytology laboratory includes direct cytospin preparations and smears of the urine sample. Light microscopy with polarized light is then utilized to examine the slide preparations.Many cytology laboratories have recently incorporated liquid-based technology for gynecologic and non-gynecologic specimen preparation. Specimens placed in the proprietary fluid ar

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Lv, Kui Long, Hai Wen Yuan, Xiang Cai Meng, and Xing Yi Li. "Remineralized Evaluation of Nano- Hydroxyapatite to Artificial Caries." Advanced Materials Research 105-106 (April 2010): 576–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.105-106.576.

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The aim of this study is to describe the remineralization effect of the nano-HA on artificial caries. The artificial dental caries are made by using sour solution, and constructing an artificial mouth' plaque culture system in vitro respectively. The scanning electron microscope (SEM) and the optical microscope are used to observe the surface of enamel specimens. The effect of remineralization is assessed with the polarized light microscopy (PLM) and the confocal laser scanning microscope (CLSM) by measuring three lesion parameters (area, total and average fluorescence). The SEM analysis shows

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Carvalho, Fernanda, Andreia Lopes, Antonella Curulli, et al. "The Case Study of the Medieval Town Walls of Gubbio in Italy: First Results on the Characterization of Mortars and Binders." Heritage 1, no. 2 (2018): 468–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/heritage1020031.

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Good conservation and restoration practices of cultural heritage assets rely on the knowledge of original materials. In the framework of the HERACLES Project (HERACLES—HEritage Resilience Against CLimate Events on Site, H2020 Grant Agreement 700395), dealing with the effects of climatic actions and natural hazards on built heritage, a set of important heritage sites are currently under study to improve their resilience against climate events. Among these are the medieval Gubbio Town Walls in Italy. The present work focuses on the mortars and binders of this monument and collected samples relat

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Milak, Spomenka, Angela Chemelli, Otto Glatter, and Andreas Zimmer. "Vancomycin Loaded Glycerol Monooleate Liquid Crystalline Phases Modified with Surfactants." Pharmaceutics 12, no. 6 (2020): 521. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics12060521.

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The influence of two tuning agents, polyglycerol ester (PE) and triblock copolymer (TC), on the properties of glycerol monooleate (MO) liquid crystalline phase (LCP) was investigated to achieve the therapeutic concentration of vancomycin hydrochloride (VHCl) into the eye, topically during 60 min (1 h) and intravitreally during 2880 min (48 h). Different techniques were used to elucidate the impact of surfactants on the structure of the LCP: polarized light microscopy (PLM), small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS), and in vitro release tests I and II (simulating local and intravitreal application i

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Singh, A. P., and M. E. Hedley. "Electron microscopic and chemical study of degraded Pinus radiata wood from a marine pile." Canadian Journal of Botany 69, no. 12 (1991): 2762–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/b91-347.

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During an inspection of marine piles, 12 years after installation, severe degradation was noted on one of them in the vicinity of a corroded eyebolt. The wood was dark brown in colour and tended to crumble easily. Wood fragments were examined by light microscopy and scanning and transmission electron microscopy and were also analyzed for carbohydrates and lignin. Light microscopy indicated numerous cracks in tracheid walls resulting in delamination at the middle lamella – S1 and S1–S2 boundaries and also in fractures across the tracheid wall. Chemical analysis showed extensive loss of both hem

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Baker, K. W., L. King, R. Walker, I. Piscopo, and A. Smith. "A Simple Correlative Technique for Morphologic and Energy-Dispersive Analysis of Glass-Mounted Paraffin Sections." Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America 54 (August 11, 1996): 308–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0424820100164003.

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Tissue sections, smears, and many other varied types of specimen are often mounted on glass slides for light microscopic (LM) evaluation and analysis. These same preparations’ using gold/palladiumcoated glass slides as specimen mounts, are also well suited to correlative scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and, energy dispersive X-ray analysis (SEM/EDX). The following short note describes a procedure for glass-mounted specimens that provides slides suitable for combined LM, SEM and SEM/EDX characterization. In addition, the method establishes a specimen-based reference point for the empirical d

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Crăciun, Antarinia, Ioana Bȃldea, Ana Ispas, et al. "Evaluation of Surface Characteristics and Cytotoxicity of Dental Composites." Coatings 10, no. 8 (2020): 749. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/coatings10080749.

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The purpose of this study was to evaluate the surface and in vitro cytotoxicity on human dysplastic oral keratinocytes (DOK) of four commercial resins-based dental composites commonly used in prosthodontics dental therapies: two indirect composites for crown and bridges—SR Adoro (IvoclarVivadent GmbH) and Solidex (Shofu Dental GmbH); and two dual-curing luting resin cements—RelyxUnicem (3M ESPE Dental Products) and Variolink Esthetic DC (IvoclarVivadentGmbH). A complex assessment of surface characteristics of the four materials was conducted before and after the exposure to artificial saliva t

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Ahn, H., J. Hong, D. Kim, I. Rhyu, and Y. Kye. "217 The effect of dermal microscopic parameters on the optical skin properties: the analysis using crossed polarized light imaging on fresh cadavers." Journal of Investigative Dermatology 139, no. 9 (2019): S251. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jid.2019.07.218.

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Madrid, Cristhian C., Mariana de Pauli Paglioni, Sergio R. Line, et al. "Structural Analysis of Enamel in Teeth from Head-and-Neck Cancer Patients Who Underwent Radiotherapy." Caries Research 51, no. 2 (2017): 119–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000452866.

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Objective: To analyze macroscopic, microscopic, and ultrastructural aspects of enamel from head-and-neck cancer patients submitted to radiotherapy. Materials and Methods: Twenty sound extracted permanent molars were used and divided into 2 groups. The experimental group consisted of 10 molars from head-and-neck cancer patients submitted to radiotherapy with total doses that ranged from 50 to 70 Gy. Ten molars from patients who did not receive radiotherapy were matched with experimental-group samples by anatomic tooth group and comprised the control group. To perform a macroscopic analysis, sta

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Chimello, Daniela T., Mônica C. Serra, Antonio L. Rodrigues, Jesus D. Pécora, and Silmara A. M. Corona. "Influence of cavity preparation with Er:YAG Laser on enamel adjacent to restorations submitted to cariogenic challenge in situ: A polarized light microscopic analysis." Lasers in Surgery and Medicine 40, no. 9 (2008): 634–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/lsm.20684.

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Beaufort, Luc, Yves Gally, Baptiste Suchéras-Marx, Patrick Ferrand, and Julien Duboisset. "Technical note: A universal method for measuring the thickness of microscopic calcite crystals, based on bidirectional circular polarization." Biogeosciences 18, no. 3 (2021): 775–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-775-2021.

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Abstract. Coccoliths are major contributors to the particulate inorganic carbon in the ocean that is a key part of the carbon cycle. The coccoliths are a few micrometres in length and weigh a few picogrammes. Their birefringence characteristics in polarized optical microscopy have been used to estimate their mass. This method is rapid and precise because camera sensors produce excellent measurements of light. However, the current method is limited because it requires a precise and replicable set-up and calibration of the light in the optical equipment. More precisely, the light intensity, the

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Blobel, Swen, Karin Thielsch, Markus Kaestner, and Volker Ulbricht. "Application of Real-Time Photoelastic Analysis to Single Fibre Fragmentation Tests." Applied Mechanics and Materials 24-25 (June 2010): 239–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.24-25.239.

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One of our main research areas is the trans-scale modelling of damage in composite materials, which consist of a polymer matrix and carbon or glass fibres in different material combinations and geometrical arrangements. From the local stress redistribution in the fibre-matrix interphase and in the surrounding matrix material information on the parameters of microscopic damage models for composite materials can be obtained. Owing to the difficult interface characterisation based on the properties of the single material components, a photoelastic analysis of single fibre fragmentation tests is p

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Tarani, Evangelia, Klementina Pušnik Črešnar, Lidija Fras Zemljič, et al. "Cold Crystallization Kinetics and Thermal Degradation of PLA Composites with Metal Oxide Nanofillers." Applied Sciences 11, no. 7 (2021): 3004. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app11073004.

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Poly(lactic acid) (PLA) nanocomposites with antimicrobial fillers have been increasingly explored as food packaging materials that are made of a biobased matrix and can minimize food loss due to spoilage. Some of the most commonly studied fillers are zinc oxide (ZnO), titanium dioxide (TiO2), and silver nanoparticles (AgNPs). In this work, nanocomposites with 1 wt.% of each filler were prepared by melt mixing. An extensive study of thermally stimulated processes such as crystallization, nucleation, degradation, and their kinetics was carried out using Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) an

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Scatigno, Claudia, Maria Preite Martinez, Nagore Prieto-Taboada, Juan Manual Madariaga, and Aida Maria Conte. "Petrographic-Mineralogical Characterization of Archaeological Materials from “Casa di Diana” Mithraeum Sited in the Open Museum of Ostia Antica." Crystals 11, no. 7 (2021): 839. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cryst11070839.

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Mithraea, religious Roman buildings, are very common in Italian archeological sites. There are sixteen in Ostia Antica (Rome, Italy)The poor state of conservation, due to the intrinsic environmental conditions, characterized them: they consist of open-air museums and caves simultaneously. These places of worship are characterized by the presence of heterogeneous materials, such as wall building materials (bricks and mortars) and others used for furnishings and fittings. This increases the risk of accelerated damage because the materials ‘rheology is different. Here, a full petrographic-mineral

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Ali, Mona, Hanaa Shawki, and Hussein Marey Mahmoud. "Material characterization and restoration of mural paintings of El-Muzzawaka Tombs, Dakhla Oases, Egypt." Ge-conservacion 18, no. 1 (2020): 92–107. http://dx.doi.org/10.37558/gec.v18i1.773.

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The present study demonstrates scientific procedures applied to study mural paintings in two Graeco-Roman tombs of El-Muzzawaka, Dakhla Oases, Egypt. First, a series of analytical methods was applied to determine the chemical and mineralogical composition of pigment and plaster samples collected from the studied tombs. The analyses were performed by means of digitalized optical microscopy (OM), polarized light microscopy (PLM), scanning electron microscopy attached with X-ray microanalysis detector (SEM−EDS), X−ray diffraction analysis (XRD), and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT−IR)

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Tariq, Muhammad, Thomas Thurn-Albrecht, and Oleksandr Dolynchuk. "Heterogeneous Crystal Nucleation from the Melt in Polyethylene Oxide Droplets on Graphite: Kinetics and Microscopic Structure." Crystals 11, no. 8 (2021): 924. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cryst11080924.

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It is well known that the crystallization of liquids often initiates at interfaces to foreign solid surfaces. In this study, using polarized light optical microscopy, atomic force microscopy (AFM), and wide-angle X-ray scattering (WAXS), we investigate the effect of substrate–material interactions on nucleation in an ensemble of polyethylene oxide (PEO) droplets on graphite and on amorphous polystyrene (PS). The optical microscopy measurements during cooling with a constant rate explicitly evidenced that the graphite substrate enhances the nucleation kinetics, as crystallization occurred at ap

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Acharya, Sanjit, Yang Hu, and Noureddine Abidi. "Cellulose Dissolution in Ionic Liquid under Mild Conditions: Effect of Hydrolysis and Temperature." Fibers 9, no. 1 (2021): 5. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/fib9010005.

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This study investigated the effect of acid hydrolysis of cellulose on its dissolution under mild conditions in ionic liquid, 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium acetate/N,N-dimethylacetamide (BMIMAc/DMAc). Acid hydrolysis of high molecular weight (MW) cotton cellulose (DP > 4000) was carried out to produce hydrolyzed cotton (HC) samples for dissolution. The HC samples were characterized using gel permeation chromatography (GPC), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and the dissolution process was monitored using polarized lig

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Zhai, Shengcheng, Yoshiki Horikawa, Tomoya Imai, and Junji Sugiyama. "Cell wall ultrastructure of palm leaf fibers." IAWA Journal 35, no. 2 (2014): 127–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/22941932-00000054.

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The cell wall organization of leaf sheath fibers in different palm species was studied with polarized light microscopy (PLM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The secondary wall of the fibers consisted of only two layers, S1 and S2. The thickness of the S1 layer in leaf sheath fibers from the different palm species ranged from 0.31 to 0.90 μm, with a mean value of 0.57 μm, which was thicker than that of tracheids and fibers in secondary xylem of conifers and dicotyledons. The thickness of the S2 layer ranged from 0.44 to 3.43 μm, with a mean value of 1.86 μm. The ratio of S1 thicknes

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Lessna, E., L. Bruning, C. Bolina, D. Lima, I. Watanabe, and A. Ciena. "Possible effects of the Agaricus brasiliensis extract on the cardiac morphology in mice." Journal of Morphological Sciences 32, no. 01 (2015): 016–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.4322/jms.069114.

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Abstract Introduction: Mushroom extracts are used, mainly due to immunomodulatory and antitumor proprierties. Among the general and species is the Agaricus brasiliensis or SunMushroom. However herbal remedies can cause changes in morphology and functionality of various organs. Therefore, these reporters need to be analyzed for applicability of this compound. The aim of the present study was to analyze the structural characteristics of the heart of Swiss mice employing light microscopy and scanning electron microscopy methods. Materials and methods: Swiss mice were used, divided into 2 groups:

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Smith, Z. D., M. J. Caplan, and J. D. Jamieson. "Immunocytochemical localization of plasmalemmal proteins in semi-thin sections of epithelial monolayers." Journal of Histochemistry & Cytochemistry 36, no. 3 (1988): 311–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/36.3.2449492.

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We describe a technique for analysis by light microscopic immunocytochemistry of the distribution of plasmalemmal proteins in polarized epithelial cells. For this purpose, Madin Darby Canine Kidney (MDCK) cells were grown to confluency on Cytodex beads, the beads were fixed with formaldehyde, and semi-thin (0.5 micron) sections were cut at liquid nitrogen temperature on an ultracryomicrotome. The distribution of the basolaterally distributed plasmalemmal protein, Na,K-ATPase, was assessed by indirect immunofluorescence using a monospecific polyclonal antibody directed against the alpha-subunit

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Thakkar, Rishi, Amit Raviraj Pillai, Jiaxiang Zhang, Yu Zhang, Vineet Kulkarni, and Mohammed Maniruzzaman. "Novel On-Demand 3-Dimensional (3-D) Printed Tablets Using Fill Density as an Effective Release-Controlling Tool." Polymers 12, no. 9 (2020): 1872. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym12091872.

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This research demonstrates the use of fill density as an effective tool for controlling the drug release without changing the formulation composition. The merger of hot-melt extrusion (HME) with fused deposition modeling (FDM)-based 3-dimensional (3-D) printing processes over the last decade has directed pharmaceutical research towards the possibility of printing personalized medication. One key aspect of printing patient-specific dosage forms is controlling the release dynamics based on the patient’s needs. The purpose of this research was to understand the impact of fill density and interrel

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Piat, Romana, Siddharta Roy, and Alexander Wanner. "Material Parameter Identification of Interpenetrating Metal-Ceramic Composites." Key Engineering Materials 417-418 (October 2009): 53–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.417-418.53.

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A new class of metal/ceramic composites has recently been developed. A porous ceramic preform, the pore structure of which is created via a freeze-casting technique, is melt-infiltrated with metallic alloy via sqzeeze-casting. The microstructure of the composite has lamellar-like domains with geometrical characteristics which are dependent on the manufacturing parameters. The aim of our study is to find a good micromechanical model in order to deduce the mechanical properties of the single domains and of the whole material as a function of the microstructural geometry and the material paramete

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Pinheiro, J., D. O. Franco-Acuña, A. Oliveira-Menezes, et al. "Additional study of the morphology of eggs and miracidia of Eurytrema coelomaticum (Trematoda)." Helminthologia 52, no. 3 (2015): 244–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/helmin-2015-0039.

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Abstract The morphology of the eggs and miracidia of Eurytrema coelomaticum was analyzed. The eggshell presented different composition according to the maturation stage of the egg, as seen by distinct birefringence after polarized light microscopic analysis. Detailed morphology of the brownish eggs, measuring 44.97±3.83 (38.67 - 51.40) μm in length and 30.71±2.54 (25.79 -34.47) μm in width, and the different electrondensities of the inner, middle and outer layers of the eggs were determined using light (bright field and DIC) and electronic microscopy (scanning and transmission). The morphometr

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Meyer, Arne, Karsten Dierks, and Christian Betzel. "Depolarized Dynamic Light Scattering a method to analyse Particle Shape and Size." Acta Crystallographica Section A Foundations and Advances 70, a1 (2014): C1749. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s2053273314082503.

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"Dynamic Light Scattering (DLS) is already a widely used method for small particle size distribution analysis [1]. The main purpose of this method is the determination of particle sizes, respectively the hydrodynamic radius in the sub-microscopic range, i.e. 1 nm up to few µm. It is based on the Brownian motion of those particles. Light scattering methods are non-invasive and therefore a great advantage in the field of particle analysis [2a]. The next generation of Dynamic Light Scattering devices will apply depolarized dynamic light scattering (DDLS) [2b]. This technique allows to obtain besi

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