Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Police administration – Ethiopia – Evaluation'

Thesis (MTech (Business Administration))--Cape Peninsula University of Technology, 2017.
Communication in a multi campus organization has always proven to be difficult (Coiera, 2006: 95). The research problem emanates from bad use or non-existent communication strategies in one of the SAPS Academies. The objective of this research was to examine how the management and staff in the Police Academy can break the communication barriers created by hierarchy and bureaucracy; develop guidelines for the management and staff members on how they can create effective communication channels in the Academy, examine how poor communication impacts negatively on the operations at a police academy, highlight how proper and timely communication can improve operation in the Academy and to identify and make recommendations on the ways the management and staff at the SAPS Academy can improve communication. The research was conducted to, critically evaluating the existing communication strategies applied in the SAPS Basic Training Academy; determine strengths and weaknesses of these strategies; consider the alternative strategies that can be utilised to manage communication in the Academy; identify, highlight, assess and explain the importance of effective communication in a Police Academy and draw attention to how effective communication can be used to improve projects. The methods employed in this research include qualitative and quantitative research, where open ended questions were utilised in obtain information and closed ended questions to fill in the gaps on the information obtained from open ended questions. The study adopted the qualitative and quantitative research method to answer the research question and data interpretation was based on Microsoft Excel. This method was deemed to be the most effective for collection of the kind of data and numerical (quantifiable) data is considered objective. On Section B, a Likert-type questionnaire comprising closed-ended questions was the measurement instrument. Answer choices were graded from 1 to 5, being strongly agree, agree, indifferent, disagree and strongly disagree. Based on the different models that were studied, the researcher then suggested a tentative model that could be used. The population comprised of all the 147 employees of one of the SAPS Academies in the Western Cape, and questionnaires were distributed to all the 84 employees that were on duty on a particular day in this academy. The findings indicated that organisation communicate yields better results than those that do not communicate. The study highlighted the communication problems at the academy and came up with model/ solution to the current situation. The respondents used in the study gave a lot of suggestions that could be used in the academy. The frequency tables utilised will be useful as the reader could see the favourite suggestions or preferences by the people.

Magister Public Health - MPH
Evaluation of health programmes is essential to assist programme managers in decision-making and accountability to the population they serve. Additionally, regular monitoring and evaluation of TB/HIV collaborative activities are used as a means to assess quality, effectiveness and coverage of services; yet little attention has been given to this in most developing countries. In the southern region of Ethiopia, since the inception of the TB/HIV collaborative activities in 2005, there has not been any formal evaluation pertaining to the implementation status of integrated TB/HIV services at routine program level. However, a series of TB/HIV reviews underlined many challenges that have adversely affected the implementation nationally. However, studies conducted on the quality of TB and HIV/AIDS services tend to be broad and not targeted to the integrated TB/HIV program and therefore, it was necessary to assess the implementation status in a more focused way with a vision to determine its adequacy or otherwise and make appropriate recommendations to improve integrated TB/HIV services in the town. Aim: To assess the implementation of integrated TB/HIV activities in the health facilities of Hawassa town administration Study design: Cross sectional study Study population: All health facilities, health managers, and records of TB and HIV patients in Hawassa town administration Sample population: The study population encompassed TB and HIV clinics, managers of each health facility, and sampled records of individual clients/patients enrolled in the HIV/AIDS/TB treatment and care program, from each health facility in the year 2009/10. Data collection: Face-to-face interviews with facility managers, observation of the rooms in which TB/HIV services are rendered and a review of patient records, were undertaken. Analysis: Descriptive statistics with frequencies and percentages were used for analysis of facility based resource inputs, TB case finding and management, and HIV case finding and management practices. Indicator variables extracted from the record review were transformed into scales (0 or 1) and weighted to reflect the levels of TB/HIV service quality, integration and resources input. After weighting, experts' opinion was used to set a cut off level (75%) to categorize the relative service quality received by individuals and the level of integrated care provided by facilities into "adequate" or "inadequate". Bivariate analysis was done to assess the effect of independent predictor variables on outcome variables. We used a– P value of 0.1 on bivariate analysis as the cut off point for inclusion of variables into the multivariate analysis. Prevalence ratios, adjusted prevalence odds ratios, and 95% confidence intervals were used to present outcomes. Results: Availability of resource inputs for HIV/AIDS care was inadequate in half of the facilities in Hawassa town whereas, laboratory infrastructure for TB/HIV care was adequate in all facilities. Most (91%) HIV/AIDS patients had their CD4 count and weight (96%) measured at baseline. However, the trend declined over time and the practice was better in hospitals than in health centres. HAART status was a strong predictor of CD4 count improvement and improvement in CD4 count was found to be a strong predictor of body weight gain. TB case finding and management practices in HIV/AIDS clinics were found to be adequate in the health facilities in Hawassa town. Ninety five percent and 86% of HIV positive patients were screened for TB at baseline and at the last clinical visit respectively, of which 98%, 93% and 81% of patients co infected with TB and HIV were provided with DOTS, CPT and ART respectively. However, only 11% of HIV positive patients without active TB were provided with IPT. Only HAART status was found to be a strong predictor of TB case finding. Quality of HIV/AIDS care in health facilities in Hawassa town was adequate. Availability of at least a minimum number of staff and being on HAART were found to be strong negative and positive predictors of quality respectively. Overall, 91% of patients on HAART were retained in care at the end of the year (alive and on treatment), 6% were retained and 3% died. Resources for the TB program were deficient in our study area. Three out of four facilities had inadequate overall input resources required for good quality TB care and the fourth barely managed to achieve adequate status. However, laboratory infrastructure and availability of forms and registers were adequate in all the facilities. There was a high degree of HIV case finding and a high prevalence (17%) of HIV among TB patients. Despite this, the overall HIV care provided was inadequate, with only 64% and 73% of TB/HIV co-infected patients being provided with HAART and co-trimoxazole respectively and 22% of TB/HIV co-infected patients not enrolled in HIV care. Among sputum positive TB patients good quality TB care was found to be a strong predictor of successful treatment outcome Our study also showed consistently very high quality TB service provision in the town despite the lack of required resources. Conclusion and Recommendations: The study showed that there was relatively good quality provision of TB and HIV services despite inadequate input resources and that quality of care was positively associated with good outcomes. The study also indicated that HAART benefited patients substantially and hence earlier initiation could be the way forward. We recommend that to further improve quality of care one stop shopping services (availing both anti-TB and HIV care at the same service point within a clinic) be established. In addition, we recommend improved patient monitoring, especially for Pre-ART patients, be established.

Evaluation of an Early Intervention System at a Law Enforcement Agency. Robert Scott Russell, 2014: Applied Dissertation, Nova Southeastern University, Abraham S. Fischler School of Education. ERIC Descriptors: Computer Software Evaluation, Crime Prevention, Law Enforcement, Police Community Relationship, Program Evaluation. The problem addressed through this program evaluation was that no formal study had been conducted regarding the implementation and effectiveness of the BlueTeam Program (BTP) within the law enforcement agency (LEA) serving as the study site. The BTP is a program that utilizes a computer application to track officer behaviors and alert administrators to potential trends in officer misconduct and complaints against officers. The program evaluation was guided by the process and product segments of Stufflebeam's (2003) content, input, process, and product model. To conduct the evaluation, the researcher used a mixed methods approach for analyzing both qualitative and quantitative data. The perceptions of LEA stakeholders regarding the BTP, such as the sufficiency of staffing, budget, training, and ongoing support for effective implementation, were first collected. Quantitative data, consisting of archived, deidentified indicators of officer misconduct and complaints against officers acquired through the BTP, were then analyzed. Findings of the study were that the BTP was effective in reducing incidents of officer misconduct and complaints against officers and for use in identifying which alerts were valid indicators of misconduct and complaints against officers. The one concern of stakeholders involving the BTP was limited nighttime vision; the recommendation for program improvement is that this shortcoming be addressed to determine possible solutions. Recommendations for future research involve the need for initial determinations, as well as formative evaluations, pertaining to the following three areas: (a) ascertaining the way in which the early intervention system will be used, (b) identifying the indicators of misconduct that will be tracked, and (c) determining the threshold at which the system will issue an alert.

Recording police officers can result in distraction, fear, and false perceptions of law enforcement personnel when citizens upload the videos to social media, though little is understood about police perceptions of this phenomenon. Using evaluation apprehension theory, emotional labor theory, and emotional intelligence as the foundation, the purpose of this phenomenological study was to explore the feelings and experiences of police officers recorded by citizens with cell phone cameras while working. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews with 10 police officers in the State of Indiana who were recorded with cell phone cameras. The data were transcribed, inductively coded, and then subjected to descriptive 7 steps, thematic, and cross-case analysis procedures. Key findings suggest officers experienced feelings of disengagement from duties when recorded by citizens. Results revealed concerns of professional appearance, self-reputation, and self-esteem. However, the study also indicated that the application of emotional intelligence and emotional labor from leadership could be used to assist officers in managing such disengagement. The implications for social change provided by this study include the development of training materials for law enforcement professionals who work through emotional intelligence while fostering opportunities for community engagement. For the public, this study provides an educational opportunity for the community to understand the feelings and significances of police officers who are recorded.

Police officers continue to sustain injuries during close proximity encounters with non-compliant and combative suspects. The purpose of this quasi-experimental study was to examine whether the use of less-lethal instruments, such as conducted energy devices, oleoresin capsicum, impact batons, and hands/feet defensive tactic reduced police officer injury during confrontations with uncooperative suspects at a medium-sized police department in a southern state. Fichtelberg's democratic policing was used as the theoretical framework for this study. Data were acquired from Suspect Resistant Reports (n = 409) written by police officers over a 10-year period (1/05 - 12/14). The dependent variable was police officer injury and the categorically ranked independent variable was the less-lethal instrument. A significant association was found between officer injuries and less-lethal instruments using chi-square analysis (p

According to Seble (2003:15), in the early stages of human existence, that is to say, in primitive society, the head of the family was a woman, who took on every family responsibility and duty. However, this role of leadership did not last long. With the division of society into classes and the emergence of the state, women were degraded to a lower societal position. Women, starting from this time, were in one way or another forced to assume a dual burden. This burden emanated from the social and marital systems. The emergence of the state and the development of religion can be cited as major causes of the inferior status of women. Religious conceptions of the inferiority of women extended to Christian and Muslim teaching that God created woman from a split of the bone of man to serve man. Biblical excerpts from Genesis 1 and 2 state that: In the beginning God created the heavens and the earth … So God created man in his own image ... and the rib which the Lord God had taken from man He made into a woman. [Eve ate the fruit of tree of knowledge, expressly forbidden by God. God told Eve] “I will greatly multiply your sorrow and your conception; In pain you shall bring forth children; Your desire shall be for your husband, And he shall rule over you” (Genesis 1. 1, 27; Genesis 2. 22, 16).
Police Practice
M. Tech. (Policing)

The study on "Evaluation of personnel management capabilities of the Federal Police of Ethiopia in Addis Ababa” had the following research questions: How is the Federal Police in Ethiopia Structured? What are the international standards for personnel management capabilities? What is the current personnel management capability in the Federal Police? How should shortcomings in personnel management capabilities of the Federal Police be addressed? In the study, an empirical research design and qualitative research approach were adopted. The data collection methods were: literature, documents and interviews. The data was analyzed by four-step Data Analysis Spiral TechniquesThe primary Findings are: International standards for personnel management capabilities should be set and certified by authorized bodies. The personnel management capability of the Federal Police of Ethiopia was characterized by incompetence. The Main Recommendations are: Further research should be conducted on the personnel management capability of the Federal police of Ethiopia. An authorized body should set standards and certify personnel managers' capabilities of the Federal Police of Ethiopia.
Police Practice
M. Tech. (Human Resource Management of Policing)

The study on "Evaluation of personnel management capabilities of the Federal Police of Ethiopia in Addis Ababa” had the following research questions: How is the Federal Police in Ethiopia Structured? What are the international standards for personnel management capabilities? What is the current personnel management capability in the Federal Police? How should shortcomings in personnel management capabilities of the Federal Police be addressed? In the study, an empirical research design and qualitative research approach were adopted. The data collection methods were: literature, documents and interviews. The data was analyzed by four-step Data Analysis Spiral TechniquesThe primary Findings are: International standards for personnel management capabilities should be set and certified by authorized bodies. The personnel management capability of the Federal Police of Ethiopia was characterized by incompetence. The Main Recommendations are: Further research should be conducted on the personnel management capability of the Federal police of Ethiopia. An authorized body should set standards and certify personnel managers' capabilities of the Federal Police of Ethiopia.
Police Practice
M. Tech. (Human Resource Management of Policing)

In any society the police are organized with the responsibility of keeping peace and order, ensuring the rule of law, justice, prevention of crime as well as protection of human rights. Regardless of the circumstances in which the police find them, they should act towards every human being with a sense of duty and care for human rights; it is the responsibility of the police to conduct the process of arrest, search and seizure according to the law with no neglect of duties. The police are expected to comply with the arrest, search and seizure procedures designed to ensure the protection of human rights. Nevertheless, usually, the task of investigation is vulnerable to human right violation. This is particularly true in the case of the developing countries where the process of democratization is so infant that most of them not only lack the required level of awareness/understanding pertaining to the human right principles but also the necessary institutional mechanisms that contribute to the proper application of human right principles are missing. The report of the Ethiopian Federal Police Inspection Service conducted in the year 2003 indicated that there were some suspects arrested without court warrant and with the existence of reasonable doubt for their guiltiness. Moreover, findings of a research conducted in the same year on certain Addis Ababa sub-city police stations also clearly indicate this fact. The objective of the this research is to evaluate the extent to which crime investigator, who are duty bearers in the Addis Ababa city police, adhere to the human right principles pertaining to the rights of suspected, accused and arrested person that are recognized in pertinent international instruments and enshrined in the Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia (FDRE) constitution and other related laws of the country while fulfilling their duties and responsibilities throughout the crime investigation process. Specifically the study is also aimed at exploring the form and type of commonly violated human right, if any and the determinant factors behind the respective types of human right violation by crime investigation belong to the Addis Ababa police .Methodologically the study followed and is mainly relied on the qualitative empirical approach to social science research.
Police Practice
M. Tech. (Policing (Investigation))

My goal in this research was to identify the reasons for the turnover of police officials in the Amhara National Regional State of Ethiopia in order for the Amhara National Regional State Police Commission to retain a greater number of police personnel in future. A further purpose was to share and introduce a number of important reasons for turnover, namely poor salary, low emphasis by government, risk of work in policing, hardship of policing, lack of extra pay for extra work, unfair decisions and unequal treatment, tentativeness of the rules and regulations, lack of an incentive/reward system, unfair transfer and lack of transfer, lack of promotion, lack of respect for policing on the part of the community, lack of participation in decisions, inadequate equipment, and lack of and unfair educational opportunities. The research describes to what extent the poor salary and low emphasis on policing by the government influence turnover. It clearly portrays the emphasis placed by all respondents on these two factors in particular. Finally, this research explains the responsibility of police management structures to establish and maintain diversified management situations so that relatively safe and agreeable conditions pertain at all levels of the police service and in all areas of the work of an official. Therefore, the researcher hopes that the senior management of the Amhara Police Commission will recognise the seriousness of the problem of turnover and will improve the internal management of the organisation in the interests of all inhabitants of the region.
Police Practice
M. Tech. (Policing)

The Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia is located in the Horn of Africa and bound on the northeast by Eritrea and Djibouti, on the east and southeast by Somalia, on the south-west by Kenya and on the west and north-west by Sudan. In a 2003 report, the Ethiopia Central Statistical Authority (2003:24) estimated the population of Ethiopia to be 71,066,000. The Ethiopian economy is mainly based on agriculture, which contributes 47% to GNP and more than 80% of exports and employs 85% of the population. Ethiopia nowadays governs under a federal system and due to the governance system there are nine regional states in the country, which are composed of specific ethnic groups. The regional states, which have a significant degree of autonomy, are Tigray, Afar, Amhara, Oromia, Somalia, Benshangul-Gumaz, Gambela, Harar and the Southern Nations, nationalities and peoples, which comprise about 41 ethnic groups. Hence, the structure of the police service in the country follows the characteristics of the federal system. Accordingly, the regional states have their own police service, which is responsible to the regional states and at the federal government level, the Federal Police Service (FPS) is responsible to federal government.
Police Practice
M.Tech. (Policing)

Police expenditure has a direct effect on the efforts of the police to prevent and investigate crime. It also contributes a lot to run various programs used to enhance public awareness of crime to affect the national development of the country. This doctoral study aims at investigating the relationship between police expenditure and crime in the context of Tigray Regional State of Ethiopia. The study is a qualitative study by design. Data pertinent to the study were gathered through interview schedule, which was prepared first in Tigrigna and translated into English later, given to relevant sets of two groups of participants, namely zone and district participants referred hereunder as sample A and Sample B, respectively. Participants of the study have been selected purposively. Data generated from the interview schedule were analysed subject to thematic analysis. Major findings of the study indicate that budget allocation is mainly made on the basis of police functions and activities; many of the workers in police are not aware of the national guideline in planning and preparing budgets, and believe that the national security situation predominantly determines the budget allocation rather than the standards set in the country. A considerable number of the police staff are not aware of the procedures in formulating the budget. They agreed that even though there are clear strategies to prevent and investigate crimes, they are not fully implemented. However, they consensually agreed that priority should be given to crime prevention in allocating budget to police. It further discusses the community participation in raising funds through the community policing program is high, and the aim is to strengthen the police to effectively discharge its responsibilities in maintaining social order and safeguarding the people from crime and crime-related problems. Major recommendations include improving the budget, which is mandatory, and enhancing the community and police partnership is essential. It is also necessary to give much attention to enhance the institutional capacity of police to address community problems adequately through installing various police technologies to which budget improvement is mandatory. The input of the study is finally useful to policymakers to look at the police expenditure and bring their attention into the procedures to avoid budget scarcity apparent in the police institutions not only in the region but also across the country. It helps the police develop various programs inactive due to a shortage in the budget.
ፅሟቕ ወፃኢታት ፖሊስ ኣብ ምክልኻልን ምርመራን ገበን ኣብ ዝግበር ፃዕሪ ብቀጥታ ፅልዋ አለዎም፡፡ ከምኡ ውን ኣብ ብሄራዊ ዕብየት ሀገር ናይ ባዕሉ ብፅሒት እንትህልዎ ፖሊስ ኣብቲ ዕብየት እኹል ግንዛበ ክህልዎን ዝወፁ መደባት ብኣግባቡ ክፍፀሙን አቶም ወፃኢታት ዓብይ ረብሓ ኣለዎም፡፡ በዚ ምኽንያት ውን እዚ ናይ ዶክትሬት ድግሪ መፅናዕቲ ኣብ ሞንጎ ወፃኢታት ፖሊስ ብሄራዊ ክልላዊ መንግስቲ ትግራይን ኣብታ ክልል ዝፍፀም ገበንን እንታይ ዓይነት ርክብ ኣለዎም ኣብ ዝብል ርእሲ ዘድህብ እዩ፡፡ ንድፊ ወይም ዲዛይን ናይቲ መፅናዕቲ ንባባዊ /ኳሊታቲቭ/ እንትኾን እቶም ናይ መፅናዕቲ ሓበሬታት ብቃለ መሕትትን ፅሑፍ መሕትትን ተዳልዮም በቶም ናይ ተሳተፍቲ ቋንቋ ዝኾነ ትግርኛ ተቶርጊሙ ናብ ተሳተፍቲ ተበቲኑ እዩ፡፡ ምስተኣከበ ውን እንደገና ናብ እግሊዝኛ ተተርጊሙ እዩ፡፡ እቶም ዝነበሩ ተሳተፍቲ ኣብ ዞባን ወረዳን ኮይኖም ናሙና Aን ናሙና Bን ተባሂሎም ኣብ 2ተ ጉጅለ ተኸፊሎም እዮም፡፡ ኣመራርፃ ናይቶም ተሳተፍቲ ምኽንያታዊ ወይ ከዓ ይፈልጡ እዮም ዝብል እንትኾን አቲ ዝተኣከበ ሓበሬታ (ቃለ መሕትትን ፅሑፍ መሕትትን) ጭብጡ ብምዝርዛር እቲ ዝተኣከበ ሓበሬታ ተተንቲኑ እዩ፡፡ ዋና ናይቲ መፅናዕቲ ርካቦት ከምዝሕብሮ ንፖሊስ ተባሂሉ ዝብጀት በጀት መበገሲኡ ፖሊስ ንዝሰርሖምን ዝነጥፎምን ነገራት ዘማእኸለ እዩ፡፡ ኮይኑ ግና መብዛሕቲኦም ኣባላት ፖሊስ በጀት ከመይ ከምዝብጀትን ከመይ ከምዝዳለውን ኣብ ዝግለፅ መብርሂ እኹል ዝኾነ ፍልጠት የብሎምን፡፡ በቲ ናይ ፖሊስ ስታንዳርድ እንተይኮነስ በጀት ዝብጀት በቲ ቢሮ ፀጥታን ምምሕዳርን ዘውፅኦ መምርሒ መሰረት እዩ ኢሎም ይኣምኑ፡፡ ከምኡውን ብዙሓት ፖሊሳት ንበጀት መበጀቲ ቀመር ከመይ ከምዝዳለው ኣይፈልጥዎን፡፡ ብመዳይ ምክልኻልን ምፅራይን ገበን እውን ግልፂ ዝኾነ መምርሒን መሳርሒን ዋላ ኳ እንተሃለወ ኣብ ኣፈፃፅሙኡ ጉድለት ይረኣይ እዩ፡፡ በዚ ውን ኩሎም ተሳተፍቲ ከምዘስማዕምዑሉ ንምክልኻልገበን ዝለዓለ በጀት ክብጀተሉ ኣለዎ ኢሎም፡፡ ተሳትፎ ማሕበረሰብ ኣብ ፖሊስ ኮሚኒቲ መደባት ዝለዓለ እንትኸውን በዚ ውን ዕላማ ፖሊስ ኮሚኒቲ ሽትኡ ክወቅዕ ገይርዎ እዩ፡፡ እዙይ ብምህላው ውን ፖሊስ ዋርድያ ህዝቢ ኮይኑ ካብ ገበንን ስግኣት ገበንን ህዝቢ ነፃ ክኾኑ ሓላፍነት ወሲዱ በርቲዑ ንክሰርሕ ሓጊዙዎ እዩ፡፡ ብመዳይ ፅንዓት መቅረቢ እንትድህስስ ንፖሊስ ስራሕቲ ዝለዓለ በጀት ከምዘደልዮን እዚ ውን ፖሊስን ማሕበረሰብን ሓቢሮም ክሰርሑ ኣብ ምግባር ዕዙዝ ተራ ኣለዎ፡፡ ዓቅሚ ፖሊስ ንምዕባይ ኣብ ዝግበር ፃዕሪ እኹል ቆላሕታ ክወሃብ ኣለዎ ፣ ምክንያቱ ‘ውን ዘመኑ ዝጠልቦ ቴክኖሎጂ ንምዕባይ በጀት ወሳኒ እዩ፡፡ እዚ መፅናዕቲ ንፖሊሲ መውፃእቲ ውን ዓብይ ረብሓ እንትህልዎ ንናይ ፖሊስ በጀት ቆላሕታ ክህቡን ዋሐዲ በጀት ፖሊስ ኣብ ምዕባይን ከም ግብኣት ይጠቕሞም እዩ፡፡ እዚ ፀገም ውን ኣብ ትግራይ ክልል ንዘሎ ጥራሕ እንተይኾነስ ኣብ መላእ እታ ሃገር ንዘሎ ፀገም ክፈትሕ ይኽእል እዩ ተባሂሉ ተፀኒዑ ኣሎ፡፡ በዚ ውን ብሰንኪ ሕፅረት በጀት ንዝጎድል ስራሕቲ ፖሊስ ብእዋኑ ክማላእን ክብ ክብልን ዓብይ ጥቅሚ ኣለዎ፡፡
Police Practice
D. Litt. et Phil. (Police Science)

碩士
國立臺北大學
公共行政暨政策學系碩士在職專班
91
The police beat system of our country is unique comparing to those of other countries in the world, which assigns one police person to each allocated beat and relies the beat inspection on each police person. Among all the job duties of police beat inspection census-check stands out above the rest. Through census-check we may achieve citizen services, population dynamics monitoring, security information gathering and crime prevention therefore all-round observation over citizens can be acquired. For more than 50 years Taiwan has been promoting census-check system that is the cornerstone for well-maintained social security. With changes in social environment, citizens being more freedom-conscious, census check may no longer fulfill its expected effects. Thus comes the time for transformation and renovation on local census check. This research re-assesses the function and value of census-check based on theoretical criminology, related theories on policy implementation evaluation, society police administration and current statistics of census-check, through description of census-check systems of Taiwan and Japan, and hopes to offer policy-related suggestions for the coming transformation of census-check and direction for further researches

Thesis (M. A. (Criminology)) -- University of Limpopo, 2016
The study focused on Community Policing Forums (CPFs), sector policing and visible policing which are the policing strategies that are currently used to bring police officers closer to the community in order to identify and address the root causes of crime. These strategies are also meant to improve police service delivery which will satisfy and meet the community’s expectations about police services. The study also focused on factors which affect the lack of police service delivery to the community. Quantitative research design was used to evaluate Mamotintane community’s level of satisfaction with police service delivery. Non-probability sampling was used in which purposive or judgmental sampling methodology was used to select the 120 community members from Mamotintane Village. A fixed-response questionnaire that was written in English then translated in Sepedi which is the language commonly used by the target population was used in the study. A Statistical Package for Social Science (IBM SPSS Statistics Version 22) software was then used to analyse the data which was presented in a form of graphs and tables. Summary of the empirical findings are that a large number of 33% community members disagree that CPFs are successfully established in the community where police officers have regular meetings with community members in order to discuss about crimes which are affecting the community. A large number of 43% respondents strongly agree that police corruption has a negative impact to the community.

The aim of the study is to establish how clients of the Germiston police station experience service delivery from personnel at their local police station and how police officials perceive their service delivery. This research wants to determine the extent of knowledge skills and attitude within the SAPS. The main objective was to evaluate services delivered by SAPS personnel. A qualitative research approach was chosen because it is flexible. The results of the study identified gaps. A significant shortage of personnel in the client service centre was noted. Furthermore, the results revealed that there is poor management and evaluation of the service delivery process. To have an effective and efficient service delivery process, it is recommended that the management of Germiston police station re-enforce legislation on service delivery and human resource capacity with the introduction of a customer service agent in the client service center and implement a monitoring and evaluation strategy.
Inhloso yocwaningo ngukubheka ukuthi abahlinzekwa usizo esiteshini samaphoyisa saseGermiston baluthola kanjani usizo esiteshini samaphoyisa sendawo nokuthi amaphoyisa akubona kanjani ukuhlinzeka kwawo usizo. Lolu cwaningo luhlose ukuveza izinga lamakhono olwazi kanye nokuziphatha ophikweni lamaphoyisa iSAPS. Injongo enkulu kwakuwukuhlaziywa usizo oluhlinzekwa abasebenzi bakwaSAPS. Kwakhethwa indlela yocwaningo ebheka amaqiniso ngoba iyaququleka. Imiphumela yocwaningo yaveza izindawo okungenzeki kahle kuzona. Kwabonakala ukuntuleka okukhulu kwabasebenzi esikhungweni sosizo okuhlinzekwa kubantu. Phezu kwalokho, imiphumela yaveza ukuthi kunokungaphathwa ngendlela nokungahlaziywa kahle kohlelo lokuhlinzekwa kosizo. Ukuze kube khona uhlelo lokuhlinzekwa kosizo olusebenza ngempumelelo nangokonga, kunconywa ukuba abaphathi besiteshi samaphoyisa saseGermiston baphoqe iqoqomthetho maqondana nokuhlinzekwa kosizo, mayelana nabasebenzi abanele kanye nokulethwa komuntu ozobhekana nezindaba zokugculiseka kwamakhasimende esikhungweni sosizo oluhlinzekwa kubantu futhi kuqale kulandelwe isu lokuqapha nokuhlaziya.
Maikemišetšo a thutelo ye ke go hlagiša ka moo badirelwa ba seteišene sa maphodisa sa Germiston ba itemogelago kabo ya ditirela go tšwa go bašomedi ba seteišeneng sa maphodisa sa tikologong ya bona le ka moo bahlankedi ba maphodiša ba bonago kabo ya ditirelo tša bona ka gona. Nyakišišo ye e nyaka go laetša bogolo bja go ba le tsebo le boitshwaro ka go SAPS. Maikemišetšo a magolo e be e le go lekola ditirelo tšeo di abilwego ke bašomedi ba SAPS. Mokgwatebelelo wa dinyakišišo ka go rerišana le banyakišišwa ore o be le kwešišo ya seo o se nyakišišago o kgethilwe ka gobane o ka fetolwa gabonolo. Dipoelo tša thutelo tlhokego ya tshedimošo ye e lekanego. Tlhaelo ye e bonagalago ya bašomedi senthareng ya go direla badirelwa e lemogilwe. Godimo ga moo, dipoela di utollotše gore go na le tshepedišo ye e fokolago ya taolo le tshekatsheko ya kabo ya ditirelo. Gore go be le tshepedišo ye e kgontšhago ya kabo ya ditirelo, go eletšwa gore bolaodi bja seteišene sa maphodisa sa Germiston bo tlaleletše maatla a melao ya kabo ya ditirelo le bokgoni bja dithuši tša batho ka godira gore go be le Modiri wa kabo ya ditirelo senthareng ya dirirelo tša badirelwa le go phethagatša maanotshepetšo a go lebeledišiša le tekolo.
Criminology and Security Science
M. A. (Criminal Justice)

In this study, the transfer of learning criteria that can be implemented before, during and after a learning programme was investigated. The transfer of learning criteria was identified, after which the Station Management Learning Programme was evaluated to see whether transfer of learning criteria was used during the facilitation of the programme. The study population for the research was comprised of facilitators and station commanders, who facilitated and attended the Station Management Learning Programme in Gauteng as part of their development as Station Commanders. The study methodology involved qualitative and quantitative approaches to data collection, with questionnaires and one-on-one interviews. Descriptive statistics were produced and literature, questionnaires and interviews were examined to establish whether transfer of learning took place. The findings of the study reflect that various learning transfer strategies exist and that these can be used to transfer learning from the classroom to the work environment. The study concludes that a significant number of transfer of learning strategies are already implemented in the South African Police Service, in the presentation of the Station Management Learning Programme.
Adult Basic Education (ABET)
M. Ed. (Adult Education)

The research problem that was investigated in this research study was to evaluate the implementation of sector policing in Tembisa policing precinct. Even though there are policies and directives on how to implement it, there is still some challenges because it is yet to yield the intended results. Data was collected from focus group interviews, literature studies and polices. Semi-structured interviews were conducted in the form of focus group interviews. Moreover, a literature study including material such as official SAPS documents, library sources and National Legislation regarding community policing has been presented. Data was also collected from sector managers, sector teams, CPF members and pastors who participated in four focus group interviews in Tembisa police station. The sample was chosen on the basis of what the researcher considers to be typical units. Participants were interviewed in stages. The collected data was broken into themes, patterns, trends and relationships. Data analysis followed verbatim transcription of interviews, that’s why the researcher followed Tesch’s approach of descriptive analysis. The research conducted indicated that although progress has been made in the implementation of sector policing In Tembisa, there still more which needs to be done. Specific concerns which require the attention of SAPS management were raised. It is clear that internal communication and consultation are a necessity. It is also clear that members on the ground are not well trained because they lack the actual knowledge on how to implement it. Training and development of all role players need to be prioritised to enhance their knowledge. All the role players need to be motivated during the implementation of sector policing to ensure that they are ready for the job ahead. The recommendations drawn from the conclusions made in this study may provide a proper direction on how to implement sector policing in the Republic.
Police Practice
M.Tech. (Policing)

Introduction: HIV referral and linkage system in many countries in general and in Ethiopia in particular was poorly characterised by low linkage rate. The purpose of this study was to analyses factors associated with poor referral and linkage system and develop strategies to improve the system. Methods: A sequential mixed method approach using exploratory descriptive study design was employed. The study was conducted in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia and it was conducted in two phases. Phase I involved data collection and analysis as evidence for the development of strategies while phase II was the development of strategies. For phase I, data were collected in steps 1 and 2 using individual interviews and focus group discussions respectively. The study participants were programme owners and partners who were supporting facilities during the data collection period in step 1 and health care providers in step 2. A total of 4 individual interviews and 3 FGDs were conducted with purposively selected participants. Data were analysed using computer assisted software called OpenCode version 4.2. Results: The findings revealed five themes namely, issues of referral and linkage practice, ensuring linkage through communication, issues of health care, issues of health care system and issues of partnerships and Health Bureau. Many gaps that affected the referral system were identified and in phase II, nine strategies were developed to strengthen the referral and linkage system. Conclusion:The results of this study highlighted weaknesses in the referral and linkage system of the HIV positive clients from counselling and testing services to chronic care and proposed strategies to strengthen those weaknesses. Measures to operationalise those strategies are also proposed. The successful implementation of the proposed strategies depends on the support of the ministry of health and regional bureau in terms of resources and the readiness of the health care providers to adhere to the proposed measures. Intervention research is needed to test the effectiveness of the proposed strategies.
Health Studies
D. Litt. et Phil. (Health Studies)

The primary goal of this study is to promote knowledge and understanding of the restructuring process of the Family Violence Child Protection and Sexual Offences (FCS) unit in the South African Police Service (SAPS) through impact evaluation. Many evaluation programmes provide blueprints and methods to manage and help solve organisational transformation. They, however, lack dealing with the unique organisational transformation process characterised in the South African Police Service (SAPS). Given this importance, there appears to be potential value in evaluating the impact of the restructuring process in the FCS. During the research extensive panel studies and individual interviews were conducted in the West Rand policing district with FCS members, non-governmental organisations (NGOs) directly involved with family violence, child protection and sexual offences, Senior Public Prosecutors involved with cases concerning the FCS and researchers at a security research institute. Furthermore, a descriptive literature study was conducted to acquire relevant information and perspective from available national and international literature. Various objectives were fulfilled in this study: • The impact of the restructuring process in the FCS, to assess the internal and external climate on service delivery, was identified and described. • It was determined whether the restructuring process in the FCS is achieving its proposed objective. • Feedback to help improve the effectiveness of the restructuring process and improve future strategies was provided. Moreover, this study and its results provide a framework to the SAPS as an organisation that is currently going through an extensive transformation process. As a result, the management of the SAPS will receive first hand information on the areas to specifically focus on during the restructuring of the FCS, or utilised this impact evaluation as a learning curve and an opportunity to rectify shortcomings and also systematically be guided through this process in realisation thereof. Consequently, this impact evaluation could act as a management tool to support and further develop the transformation process in the SAPS. Finally, this study contributes to the baseline of knowledge, with regard to structural transformation in the specialised field of policing.
Police Science
D. Litt. et Phil. (Police Science)

Hierdie studie is gebaseer op die behoefte wat bestaan aan dienslewering wat regerings-departemente behoort te lewer en meer spesifiek ten opsigte van hierdie studie die diens wat die Suid-Afrikaanse Polisiediens (SAPD) lewer. Gevolglik is die primêre navorsingsdoelstelling egter om 'n evaluasie van strategiese bestuur te doen ten einde te bepaal watter bydrae en waarde dit kan hê vir die Suid-Afrikaanse Polisiediens ten einde dienslewering te optimaliseer. Hierdie studie vervul die volgende navorsingsdoelwitte:  Die waarde en belang van strategiese bestuur is bepaal,  Die waarde en belang van leierskap is bepaal,  Die waarde van organisasiekultuur is bepaal en die rol wat dit vervul ten einde dienslewering te optimaliseer. Die navorser het 'n nie-empiriese (teoretiese) navorsingsontwerp gevolg wat fokus op 'n sistematiese oorsig van nasionale media-artikels as bronne. Die navorser het vir die doeleindes van hierdie studie dokumentêre bronne, in die vorm van nasionale gedrukte media en persoonlike ondervinding gebruik as datainsamelingsmetode. Volgens Punch (2014:158) mag dokumentêre bronne vir data op verkeie maniere in die sosiale wetenskaplike navorsing gebruik word. Somige studies kan en mag moontlik totaal afhanklik wees van dokumentêre data, met hierdie data dan die fokus in eie reg. Hierdie studie het verder aanbevelings gemaak dat strategiese bestuur wel voordele inhou vir die Suid-Afrikaanse Polisiediens. Strategiese bestuur kan in enige organisasie toegepas word. Die waarde daarvan is dat organisasies wat strategies bestuur word, die eksterne invloede van die omgewing proaktief kan bestuur. Die sosio-politieke en ekonomiese omstandighede in Suid-Afrika maak beleidsaanpassings in openbare organisasies noodsaaklik as gevolg van die dinamiese verandering op hierdie terrein. Met die hulp van 'n strategiese plan kan bestuur die organisasie proaktief bestuur na gelang van wat die interne en eksterne omgewing vereis. Die lojale, effektiewe, opgeleide, doeltreffende leiers en polisiebestuurders behoort daardie beamptes te wees wat strategiese bestuur optimaal benut en daadwerklik toepas sodat doeltreffende dienslewering optimal aan die diverse gemeenskappe gelewer kan word. Dit blyk ook verder dat die strategiese bestuur en beplanningstegnieke waardevolle hulpmiddels is vir die professionele polisiebestuurder in terme van die verwesenliking van doelstellings en doelwitte van die Suid-Afrikaanse Polisiediens. Die strategiese plan (2014-2019) van die Suid-Afrikaanse Polisiediens bevat alle fokusareas wat nodig is vir sukses en die uitvoering daarvan op operasionele vlak bly die maatstaf. Daar word opsommend volstaan dat al vier geformuleerde hipoteses wetenskaplik geverifieer kon word in hierdie teoretiese literatuurstudie en dat al vier die geformuleerde hipoteses wat gestel is aan die begin van hierdie navorsing, wel aanvaar kan word vir die suksesvolle implementering van strategiese bestuur in die Suid-Afrikaanse Polisiediens ten einde dienslewering te optimaliseer. Hierdie navorsing lewer ‘n bydrae tot die kennis verwant aan ‘n meer strategiese rol van leiers om dienslewering te optimaliseer.
This study has been based on the need for service delivery by government departments and more specific for this study the service delivery of the South-African Police Service. Consequently, the primary research goal was to evaluate strategic management to establish what contribution and value it could have for the South-African Police Service to optimize service delivery. This study fulfilled the following objectives:  The value and importance of strategic management was ascertained,  The value and importance of leadership was ascertained,  The value and importance of organisational culture was ascertained and the role it fulfills to optimize service delivery. The researcher followed a non-empirical (theoretical) research design that focused on a systematic overview of national media articles as sources. The researcher for the purpose of this study used documented sources, in the form of national printed media and personal experience as data collection method. According to Punch (2014:158), documentary sources of data might be used in various ways in social science research. Some studies might depend entirely on documentary data, with such data the focus in their own right. This study further provided recommendations that strategic management have essential benefits for the South African Police Service. Strategic management can also be implemented in any organisation. The value for organisations using strategic management is actually to be able to manage the influences from the external environment proactively. It is neccessary for public organisations to adjust policy due to the changes in the socio-political and economical circumstances. Management will be able, with the strategic plan, to manage the organisation proactively with regard to the ongoing needs and changes from the external environment. The loyal, efficient, effective, trained leaders and police managers should be those officials to use strategic management optimally and implement the strategic plan so that effective service delivery can be rendered to all diverse communities. Further more strategic management and planning techniques serve as valuable support for professional police managers in terms of reaching the goals and objectives of the South African Police Service. The strategic plan (2014-2019) of the South African Police Service includes all the focus areas that are needed for success, but the executing on operational level will be the measure. Thus, in summary, the researcher accepts that the four formulated hypotheses could be verified scientifically in this theoretical literature research. All four hypotheses are accepted for the successful implementation of strategic management in the South African Police Service to be able to optimise service delivery. This study contributes to the knowledge relating to a more strategic role of leaders to optimise service delivery.
Penology
M.Tech. (Policing)