Journal articles: 'Police Criminology'

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Donner, Christopher M. "Criminology Explains Police Violence." Journal of Criminal Justice Education 31, no. 3 (May 18, 2020): 465–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10511253.2020.1764993.

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Welsh, B. C., A. A. Braga, and G. J. N. Bruinsma. "New Perspectives and Developments in Experimental Criminology." Policing 7, no. 4 (August 2, 2013): 411–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/police/pat020.

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Crossley, A., and S. Tonks. "A POLICE OFFICER'S PERSPECTIVE ON 'WHAT IS CRIMINOLOGY?'." Policing 6, no. 4 (October 4, 2012): 328–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/police/pas037.

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Wartell, J., and K. Gallagher. "Translating Environmental Criminology Theory into Crime Analysis Practice." Policing 6, no. 4 (August 8, 2012): 377–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/police/pas020.

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Bañuelos, Nidia. "California's Police Professors and the Birth of Criminal Justice Education." California History 95, no. 2 (2018): 27–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/ch.2018.95.2.27.

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In the 1960s and '70s, police reformers lost two important battles in the struggle to develop an educated and professionalized police force. First, they were forced out of the American Society of Criminology—an organization they had founded—by sociologists. Second, the School of Criminology at Berkeley closed amid large-scale protests from students. In its heyday, the School of Criminology was the most respected program in the world for the study of police by police and for providing officers with a liberal arts education. This essay documents these failures and explains how they gave rise to criminal justice—the academic discipline that has replaced police science at colleges and universities across the United States. California law enforcement—particularly the protégés of Berkeley police chief August Vollmer—are the key actors in this story. They participated in critical conversations about the role of police in a democratic society and envisioned a future for police work that has yet to come to fruition.

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Blake, C. "Joyce, Peter (2009). Criminology and Criminal Justice: A Study Guide." Policing 4, no. 3 (August 1, 2010): 311–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/police/paq036.

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James, C. "Bosworth, M. and Hoyle, C. (eds), (2011). WHAT IS CRIMINOLOGY?" Policing 6, no. 4 (September 3, 2012): 327–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/police/pas036.

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Selmini, Rossella. "Exploring cultural criminology: The police world in fiction." European Journal of Criminology 17, no. 5 (July 6, 2020): 501–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1477370820939362.

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In my 2017 presidential address to the European Society of Criminology (ESC) in Cardiff, I explored the representation of the police and police work in contemporary European novels, and compared and contrasted how the police and policing are dealt with in popular fiction and in the relevant scholarly literature. I selected unusually literate works that provide insights into policing in diverse countries and cultures, in which the main characters are middle-aged male policemen who share some characteristics: cynical but idealistic, empathetic rather than taciturn, restrained not aggressive, resistant to authority but dedicated to their mission. My main arguments are that contemporary fiction depicts police work with a greater verisimilitude than occurred in the past and in ways that parallel scholarly work on police culture. Police scholars’ assumptions about differences between real police work and fictional accounts are challenged, particularly when we look at how the police do their work and live their lives rather than at the types of crime they deal with. These characterizations of European police work and culture may particularly address and appeal to a specific sector of readers, a liberal and progressive public, and interrogate whether and how this kind of representation relates to contemporary theoretical models of procedural justice. Distinctively European models of police and policing emerge, despite some national peculiarities.

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Ribaux, Olivier. "Reframing Forensic Science and Criminology for Catalyzing Innovation in Policing Practices." Policing: A Journal of Policy and Practice 13, no. 1 (August 23, 2017): 5–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/police/pax057.

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Evans, Karen. "The Alert Collector: Police Use of Force." Reference & User Services Quarterly 59, no. 2 (March 4, 2020): 103. http://dx.doi.org/10.5860/rusq.59.2.7274.

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High-profile news stories about excessive use of police force, often leading to a person’s death, have filled our news feeds and become a hot-button issue. Karen Evans’s column for this months’ Alert Collector highlights some of the major books on this topic that will flesh out your collection, whether you serve a criminal justice program, students needing the best sources for a pros and cons essay, or a clientele wanting the best resources to help them understand this complex issue. Evans is the librarian for the School of Criminology and Security Studies at Indiana State University. She holds a graduate degree in criminology and criminal justice, and serves as the editor for the criminal justice section of Resources for College Libraries.

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Danner, Jennifer E. "Richard Wortley and Michael Townsley (eds) (2017). Environmental Criminology and Crime Analysis." Policing: A Journal of Policy and Practice 13, no. 3 (December 14, 2017): 370–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/police/pax090.

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Kinloch, N. "Maguire, M., Morgan, R. and Reiner, R. (eds), The Oxford Handbook of Criminology." Policing 7, no. 2 (December 22, 2012): 235–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/police/pas057.

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Gray, Garry, and Brigitte Benning. "Crowdsourcing Criminology: Social Media and Citizen Policing in Missing Person Cases." SAGE Open 9, no. 4 (July 2019): 215824401989370. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2158244019893700.

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Criminology is undergoing a process of innovation and experimentation with the rise of social media. Although police have traditionally been the locus of legal enforcement, ordinary citizens are increasingly afforded opportunities to participate in crowdsourced investigations. In this article, we explore the emerging field of crowdsourcing criminology and its relationship to newsmaking criminology, public criminology, and the reshaping of news as infotainment (popular criminology). Drawing on a case study of a missing person named Emma Fillipoff, and our experience of involvement in the development of a television (TV) documentary dedicated to help finding Emma, we examine the process of crowdsourcing in practice and how it may oscillate between infotainment and public criminology inspired by academic evidence. Crowdsourcing criminology represents both a theoretical and an applied shift in our research focus and paves the way for a host of new projects that strive to reveal the strategies and techniques that define and characterize crowdsourced investigations.

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Kinloch, N. "Bachman, R. and Schutt, R. K. Fundamentals of Research in Criminology and Criminal Justice." Policing 9, no. 2 (December 22, 2014): 210–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/police/pau054.

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Chen, Gila, and Tomer Einat. "To Punish or Not to Punish—That Is the Question." International Journal of Offender Therapy and Comparative Criminology 61, no. 3 (July 28, 2016): 347–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0306624x15595061.

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Attitudes toward punishment have long been of interest to policymakers, researchers, and criminal justice practitioners. The current study examined the relationship between academic education in criminology and attitudes toward punishment among 477 undergraduate students in three subgroups: police officers, correctional officers, and criminology students who were not employed by the criminal justice system (CJS). Our main findings concluded that (a) punitive attitudes of the correctional officers and police officers at the beginning of their academic studies were harsher than those of the criminology and criminal justice students who were not employed by the CJS, (b) punitive attitudes of the correctional officers at the end of their academic studies were less severe than their first-year counterparts, (c) fear of crime was higher among women than among men, and (d) the strongest predictor of punitive attitudes was a firm belief in the principles of the classical and labeling theories (beyond group). Implications of these results are discussed.

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Archibald, Paul C., and Timothy A. Akers. "Development of the Behavioural-Biomedical Law Enforcement Stress Discordance Model (B2LESD): An epidemiological criminology framework (LEPH2018)." Journal of Community Safety and Well-Being 3, no. 3 (December 19, 2018): 68. http://dx.doi.org/10.35502/jcswb.84.

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The stressors associated with the law enforcement profession have become a focal point of discussion as the reporting of police misconduct has been increasing. Simultaneously researchers are exploring the relationship between police stress, as manifested through physical behavior, and health outcomes. While the current definitions and theories shed some light on the pathways of police stress leading to police misconduct, the emergence of more critical, interdisciplinary theories is essential and needed so as to better understand its underlying causes scientifically and practically. Relevant studies conducted from year 2008 to present were searched and collected, through a number of databases, to investigate the relationship between stress and police misconduct. The results of the final sample of ten studies were utilized to refine a conceptual model that serves as a guiding framework to more accurately provide a conceptual picture of police stress-exposure and the role of the bio-psycho-social and environmental contributors that impact the police work environment, thereby influencing the stress experienced by police officers that lead to police misconduct. We use the Epidemiological Criminology framework to understand the biobehavioural impact of stressful exposure on health and wellness of law enforcement officers. This framework intends to help the law enforcement, research, policy, and practice community to understand more effectively the bio-psycho-social and environmental health effects within the context of the behavioural and biomedical disparities of police officers, who are likely to experience high levels of stress while on duty—leading to the development of stress-reduction interventions for police officers.

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Kinloch, Natasha. "Fitzgerald, J. and Fitzgerald, J. Statistics for Criminal Justice and Criminology in Practice and Research: An Introduction." Policing 9, no. 3 (December 22, 2014): 295–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/police/pau055.

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Nieves, Eric. "Book Review: Stinson Sr. Phillip M., Criminology Explains Police Violence." Theory in Action 14, no. 1 (January 31, 2021): 96–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.3798/tia.1937-0237.2107.

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Sherman, Stephen Averill. "From Revanchism to Inclusion: Institutional Forms of Planning and Police in Hyde Park, Chicago." Journal of Planning Education and Research 40, no. 2 (September 27, 2019): 139–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0739456x19877683.

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Planning and policing are two critical racial projects in the racial state. Planning scholars’ understanding of the police usually focuses on the police violently removing people from urban space, yet critical criminology literature shows their function to be more diverse. I employ an exploratory case study, centered in the South Side of Chicago, to develop propositions to guide emergent research that centralizes the police within planning. The propositions (1) impel further investigation into how police not only exclude people but also define who belongs and (2) draw attention to how planning institutions can create new forms of police.

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White, Jarrod. "Power/Knowledge and Public Space: Policing the ‘Aboriginal Towns’." Australian & New Zealand Journal of Criminology 30, no. 3 (December 1997): 275–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/000486589703000305.

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The over representation of Aboriginal people in the criminal justice system is very well established. Further, the role of the police as an organ playing a key role in this over representation — as distinct from essentially passive respondents to a presumably criminal Aboriginal population — has also been widely accepted within the field of criminology This article is an attempt to form an understanding of the interaction between Aboriginal people and police by analysing the manner in which knowledge of the Aboriginal subject is constructed through material police practices in a particular context — the rural communities of North-West New South Wales. The paper emphasises the relationship between the structural imperatives of policing and the specific conditions of particular policed spaces, and the active role played by Aboriginal people in the creation of policing outcomes.

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Bottema, A. Johannes, and Cody W. Telep. "Examining Views of Police Chiefs and College Students Regarding Drug Disqualifiers for the Hiring of Police Officers in Arizona." Journal of Drug Issues 51, no. 1 (September 21, 2020): 109–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0022042620959331.

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Police applicant disqualification due to prior illegal drug use is a contributing factor to major recruitment and hiring challenges currently facing many American policing agencies. This article explores how chief executives of law enforcement agencies and college students enrolled in criminology courses in Arizona view current statewide police hiring standards related to prior drug use. We use surveys conducted in cooperation with the Arizona Peace Officer Standards and Training Board to examine respondent opinions regarding the preemployment use of marijuana and illicit use of prescription drugs. Generally, we find significant differences between the chief executive and student views. Students, who represent potential policing applicants, typically are in favor of harsher treatment of prior drug use than chief executives, although students are also more open to forgiving marijuana use under certain circumstances. We discuss the implications of these findings for police hiring and suggest potential areas of policy change.

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Kinloch, N. "Weisburd D., Groff E. and Yang, S. The Criminology of Place: Street Segments and Our Understanding of the Crime Problem." Policing 7, no. 4 (October 23, 2013): 419–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/police/pat024.

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Redmon, David, Roderic Broadhurst, and Chris Cunneen. "Reviews." Australian & New Zealand Journal of Criminology 35, no. 1 (April 2002): 114–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1375/acri.35.1.114.

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Cultural Criminology and the Carnival of Crime; By Mike Presdee Routledge (2000), London, 182 pages, paperback. Conflict, Politics and Crime: Aboriginal Communities and the Police; By Chris Cunneen Allen and Unwin, Crows Nest, 310 pages, $35.00. Reply to Rod Broadhurst's Review; By Chris Cunneen

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Özaşçlar, Mine. "Farrall, S., Jackson, J. and Gray, E. Social Order and the Fear of Crime in Contemporary Times Clarendon Studies in Criminology." Policing 9, no. 3 (May 6, 2015): 293–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/police/pav013.

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Lindquist, Matthew J., and Yves Zenou. "Crime and networks: ten policy lessons." Oxford Review of Economic Policy 35, no. 4 (2019): 746–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxrep/grz020.

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Abstract Social network analysis can help us understand the root causes of delinquent behaviour and crime and provide practical guidance for the design of crime prevention policies. To illustrate these points, we first present a selective review of several key network studies and findings from the criminology and police studies literature. We then turn to a presentation of recent contributions made by network economists. We highlight ten policy lessons and provide a discussion of recent developments in the use of big data and computer technology.

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Lumsden, Karen, and Jackie Goode. "Public criminology, reflexivity and the enterprise university: Experiences of research, knowledge transfer work and co-option with police forces." Theoretical Criminology 22, no. 2 (March 21, 2017): 243–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1362480616689299.

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This article reflects on an enterprise project which aimed to build partnerships with police forces in England. In attempting to do ‘public criminology’ we had to negotiate internal and external organizational cultures, public management and ‘audit culture’. We focus on two levels of co-option we experienced during the project, by the university and the police: (1) internal university pressures such as definitions of ‘research’ and ‘enterprise’, funding and the terms of the ‘contract’ of the project; and (2) external pressures when engaging with police that included new public management principles and ‘fast academia’. The discussion draws on data from field notes and interviews with police officers and staff.

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Pandya, Samta P. "Dealing with crime, criminals and the criminal justice system through spirituality." Police Journal: Theory, Practice and Principles 90, no. 4 (December 13, 2016): 348–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0032258x16681024.

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Based on a post-test experimental RCT study of 1,698 police officers across 15 countries, the objective is to study the influence of spirituality on their views on crime, criminals and the justice system, and its influence on perceived job stress and resilience building. Results of the structural equation models and path analysis showed that spiritual programmes influenced the treatment group police officers’ views on crime and the system and enabled building resilience. Variations were observed by country, religion, job profile and service duration. Findings build a case for spiritual training of the police officers interfacing with the domain of criminology.

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Armitage, Rachel, and Leanne Monchuk. "What Is CPTED? Reconnecting Theory with Application in the Words of Users and Abusers." Policing: A Journal of Policy and Practice 13, no. 3 (March 13, 2017): 312–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/police/pax004.

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Abstract Crime prevention through environmental design (CPTED) represents a multifaceted approach to crime reduction that draws upon theories from environmental criminology, architecture and urban design and requires the commitment of agencies as diverse as police, planners, and housing developers. Its importance as a crime reduction approach has been formalized through strategy, policy, and regulation and its effectiveness has been confirmed in evaluations (see Brown, unpublished data, Pascoe, 1999, Armitage, 2000, Teedon et al., 2009; 2010, Armitage and Monchuk, 2011). Yet there remains a lack of clarity regarding CPTED’s definition, scope, and crucially, the fundamental components that form its definition. Conscious of the need for clarity and consistency, this article presents the findings from in-depth interviews with a sample of 10 incarcerated, adult, male burglars and 10 Designing Out Crime Officers in England and Wales. The method was exploratory and inductive, with participants being encouraged to express their perceptions of housing design features and the association of these features with burglary risk. The findings reveal key similarities between the users and abusers of CPTED and confirm (and elevate) the significance of features such as surveillance. However, other features of design traditionally considered as critical to burglary risk are afforded less importance—raising questions regarding terminology, weighting and redefinition.

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Abbas, Zaheer, Muhammad Babar Akram, and Muhammad Saud. "Police conduct toward complainants of crime: Cross-sectional study of Punjab Police." Masyarakat, Kebudayaan dan Politik 33, no. 2 (June 24, 2020): 146. http://dx.doi.org/10.20473/mkp.v33i22020.146-152.

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The continual debate about the purpose, role, and function of the police for making the well-known organization is of keen interest for scholars. The present study aimed to explore the role of police conduct and its relationship with the complainants of crime in Pakistan’s geographical area. The study utilized a quantitative research design to gather data from the field. A research instrument prepared to collect the data from respondents who have ever interacted with the police. The sample size of 385 respondents selected for the known population and multistage and proportionate random sampling techniques were applied to draw the sample. The study was limited to Gujrat District in Punjab Province, and respondents selected through this universe. The study revealed significant barriers that restrict the police department’s efficiency and gain public trust in them. Theoretically, it was beneficial for elevating Pakistani criminology on the subject and practice; the research provides insights for taking the appropriate measures for better police-public liaison. The study’s findings revealed that the complainants generally agreed that they have limited trust in the police and that political interference is one of the major causes of lack of public trust.

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Zieziula, Marzena. "Abuse of Parental Responsibility by Criminal Law and Criminology." Konteksty Społeczne 8, no. 1 (November 20, 2020): 124–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.17951/ks.2020.8.1.124-138.

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The purpose of the article is to show ways of abuse of parental responsibility, which take the form of crimes committed against a child. In the ﬁrst part of the study, the author focused on the analysis of criminal law. Selected crimes were discussed bullying, abandonment of a minor, kidnapping of a minor and drinking of a minor. Further in the work, an analysis of statistical data was carried out, which was made available by the Police Headquarters and the Ministry of Justice. The analysis of these data allowed to show the size and dynamics of crimes committed to the detriment of children.

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McCulloch, Jude, Tara Renae McGee, John Casey, Mike Grewcock, and Max Travers. "Reviews." Australian & New Zealand Journal of Criminology 38, no. 1 (April 2005): 148–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1375/acri.38.1.148.

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State Crime: Governments, Violence and Corruption; By Penny Green and Tony Ward (2004) London: Pluto Press, 255 pp, ISBN 0745317847 Shared Beginnings, Divergent Lives: Delinquent Boys to Age 70 By John H. Laub and Robert J. Sampson; (2003) Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 338 pp, ISBN 0674011910 Introducing Policing: Challenges for Police and Australian Communities By Mark Findlay; (2004) Melbourne, Australia: Oxford University Press, 190 pp, ISBN 0 19 551621 4 Bin Laden in the Suburbs: Criminalising the Arab Other By Scott Poynting, Greg Noble, Paul Tabar and Jock Collins; (2004) Sydney, Australia, The Sydney Institute of Criminology & Federation Press, 333 pp, ISBN 0975196707 The Practice of Research in Criminology and Criminal Justice (2nd ed.) By Ronet Bachman and Russell Schutt; (2003) Thousand Oaks, CA: Pine Forge Press, xxiii + 405 pp, ISBN 0761928774

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Greek, Cecil. "Documenting and framing police public interaction with citizens: a study in visual criminology." Criminal Justice Matters 78, no. 1 (December 2009): 18–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09627250903385198.

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Hott, Júlio Lopes. "UMA PROPOSTA PARA O SISTEMA POLICIAL." Revista de Doutrina Jurídica 108, no. 1 (April 10, 2017): 75–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.22477/rdj.v108i1.52.

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ResumoUma proposta para o sistema policial O objetivo deste artigo é demonstrar que o atual sistema policial de segurança pública não tem alcançado os resultados almejados no combate à criminalidade e muitas vezes tem funcionado com elemento indutor de violência. A metodologia usada foi uma revisão da literatura jurídica e policial acerca da cultura, do habitus e do campo policial, bem como das formas de controle da atividade (accountability). Usou-se também uma pesquisa empírica na base de dados da polícia e do Ministério Público corroborados com dados estatísticos constantes em pesquisas científicas das universidades do Rio de Janeiro e de São Paulo. O estudo foi construído dentro de um referencial de criminologia crítica e de conceitos de campo e de paradigma. Concluiu-se pela necessidade de substituição do atual sistema policial concentrado na União e nos Estados e ofereceu-se como hipótese um modelo municipalizado. AbstractThe objective of this research is to see how that the current public security police system has not achieved the desired results in combating crime and has often worked with inducing the violence. The methodology used was a review of the low literature about the culture, habitus and police field , as well as the ways to control the activity ( accountability ). Also used to empirical research on police and District Attorney and brought into play statistical data contained in scientific research of University of São Paulo and Rio de Janeiro. The study was constructed within a theoretical framework of critical criminology and field concepts and paradigm. It was concluded by the need to replace the current police system concentrated in the Union and the States and offered as a hypothesis a municipal model

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Colona, Francesco, and Tessa Diphoorn. ""Eyes, Ears, and Wheels"." Conflict and Society 3, no. 1 (June 1, 2017): 8–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.3167/arcs.2017.030102.

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Research on policing in Africa has provided tremendous insight into how non-state actors, such as gangs, vigilantes, private security companies, and community initiatives, increasingly provide security for urban dwellers across the continent. Consequently, the state has been categorized as one order among many whose authority is co-constituted through relations with other actors. Drawing on our ethnographic fieldwork in the past two years, we highlight how the state police dominates security arrangements in Nairobi and asserts itself not just as one order among many. We show how, in various policing partnerships between police, private security companies, and residents’ associations, the state police acts as a coagulating agent of such practices. In order to elucidate this relationship, we utilize the “junior partner” model from the criminology literature and expand based on the community policing initiatives that in Nairobi act as the “eyes, ears, and wheels” of the police.

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Meyer, Doug. "“So Much for Protect and Serve”: Queer Male Survivors’ Perceptions of Negative Police Experiences." Journal of Contemporary Criminal Justice 36, no. 2 (December 20, 2019): 228–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1043986219894430.

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The author employs a critical queer criminology approach to examine the negative reporting experiences of queer men who have been sexually assaulted. Based on qualitative, in-depth interviews, findings reveal that queer men of color’s perceptions differed based on gender expression with those participants who did not describe themselves as feminine or gender-nonconforming expressing surprise that police officers had disparaged their sexuality. Moreover, White participants differed based on age, as younger White queer men expected the police to provide support, whereas their older counterparts were not surprised by the negative police response. These findings have implications for theorizing the intersections of gender and sexuality with race and age, given that results indicate younger White queer men may now increasingly perceive the police as providing protection. In contrast, gender-nonconforming queer men of color described continual profiling experiences based on their gender presentation and their racial identity.

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Ridgeway, Greg. "Experiments in Criminology: Improving Our Understanding of Crime and the Criminal Justice System." Annual Review of Statistics and Its Application 6, no. 1 (March 7, 2019): 37–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev-statistics-030718-105057.

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Crime is costly, yet we understand little about it. The United States justice system costs $280 billion per year, but compared to other areas, such as medicine and agriculture, we have few answers for the field's fundamental questions, like what causes crime and how we can best use our justice system to respond to it. In addition, the success or failure of the justice system impacts our safety, freedoms, and trust in government. Criminologists are working to bridge this gap in knowledge using methods that are fundamentally statistical, including randomized designs, case-control studies, instrumental variables, and natural experiments. This review discusses how criminologists explore the police, courts, sentencing, and communities and their effect on crime using daylight saving time, natural disasters, coding errors, quirks in funding formulas, and other phenomena to simulate randomization. I include analyses of racial bias, police shootings, public defense, parolees, graffiti, vacant lots, and abandoned buildings. This review should encourage statisticians to bring their methods and expertise to bear on criminological questions, as the field needs broader and deeper scientific examination.

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Ra, Kwang Hyun, and YeonSoo Kim. "Racialized perceptions of the police." Policing: An International Journal 42, no. 2 (April 8, 2019): 301–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/pijpsm-11-2017-0144.

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PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to examine differences in latent structures/dimensions in public perceptions of the police by race/ethnicity and level of identification with a given race/ethnic group.Design/methodology/approachTo identify differences in dimensions of juveniles’ perceptions of the police by the sub-samples, factor analyses were conducted utilizing data from the Gang Resistance Education and Training program evaluation.FindingsThe results show that minority juveniles have a relatively fragmented dimensional structure for the construct of perceptions of the police, while white juveniles have a unidimensional structure. Furthermore, moderate within-group differences in structures were found among African–American juveniles.Research limitations/implicationsThe results of the current study call for further examination of racial invariant assumptions in criminology. Since individual dimensions constituting perceptions of the police vary by race/ethnicity, those dimensions may potentially have unique associations with endogenous variables (e.g. criminality and cooperation with the police) according to individuals’ racial/ethnic membership.Practical implicationsPolice should clearly understand individuals’ dimensions constituting perceptions of the police and should identify dimensions that greatly impact precursors to compliance and cooperation with police such as perceived police legitimacy or perceived risk of sanction.Originality/valueIndividuals’ dimensions constituting perceptions of the police have significant implications on the construction of measures and their associations with other variables; however, racial differences in these dimensions have not been explored since Sullivanet al.’s (1987) research about three decades ago. In addition, the current study examined within-race differences in the dimensions constituting perceptions of the police.

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Hauge, Thomas. "Den gode fiende, eller den gode pasient?" Nordisk Tidsskrift for Kriminalvidenskab 104, no. 2 (June 1, 2017): 202–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.7146/ntfk.v104i2.115042.

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This article is inspired by my master thesis in criminology. My thesis examined the war on drugs, its influence on the role of the police, and the way in which the police themselves interpret the war on drugs. My master thesis also explored thequestion of consistency between the war on drugs and the government’s quest for knowledge-based policing. The article draws on data collected in my master thesis and examines them in light of Nils Christie and Kettil Bruun’s book, Den gode fiende (Suitable Enemies) which focuses on role of the police in the war on drugs. A comparison of these works raises a key question: Are illicit drugs still a suitable enemy in the eyes of the government and police officers? I conclude that the users of illicit drugs have come to be considered both suitable enemies and suitable patients. The government and the police have taken on dual roles as crime fighters fighting the war on drugs and caregivers who view illicit drug use as a disease.

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Baker, David. "Researching deaths after police contact: challenges and solutions." Journal of Criminological Research, Policy and Practice 2, no. 1 (March 14, 2016): 15–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jcrpp-08-2015-0036.

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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to consider the methodological challenges to researching deaths after police contact in England and Wales. It proposes original and innovative solutions to these challenges. Design/methodology/approach – Challenges such as access to data, sensitivity, limited academic literature and bias are considered. Designs to counter these challenges include using documentary data and examining events in one organisation through the prism of an adjacent organisation. Findings – Subjects that are contentious and difficult to access can be researched by searching for a “way into” the key issues by using non-traditional data and an innovative approach. Research limitations/implications – The implications of this paper are that other difficult to research areas of society might be accessed by using the approaches outlined. Practical implications – The practical implications of the research are to highlight the usefulness of documentary data in researching issues relating to police and court proceedings. Social implications – The research has impact because it demonstrates how research might be undertaken into contentious and difficult to research issues that are relevant to society. This may enable the formulation of future policy based on such research. Originality/value – The research is of value because it demonstrates how obstacles to researching difficult to access areas of interest to criminology may be surmounted.

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Murray, Kath. "‘Why have we funded this research?’: On politics, research and newsmaking criminology." Criminology & Criminal Justice 17, no. 5 (January 9, 2017): 507–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1748895816685766.

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In recent years, the value, or otherwise, of newsmaking criminology has generated considerable debate within academia. On the one hand, critics have argued that such approaches risk devaluing academic enterprise, for instance, privileging style over substance; on the other hand, proponents argue that newsmaking can promote more informed, progressive discourse in societies that are already saturated with crime and justice issues. Taking a different tack, this article argues that newsmaking criminology can provide a vehicle for controversial or ‘difficult’ research findings, and serve to hold authorities to account. Using a case-study approach, the article shows how police executives and government officials sought to undermine a critical report on the use of stop and search in Scotland by deploying a range of ‘neutralization’ techniques; and how, via media coverage, the findings nonetheless gained traction, prompting legal reform. The article also acknowledges the risks and limitations of newsmaking, and argues that fundamental problems remain apropos the production and dissemination of critical policing research in Scotland.

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Pauschinger, Dennis. "Working at the edge: Police, emotions and space in Rio de Janeiro." Environment and Planning D: Society and Space 38, no. 3 (November 1, 2019): 510–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0263775819882711.

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Rio de Janeiro’s police officers habitually work on the edge of a border – between rationalised and ordered routines on one hand, and risk, disorder and incipient violence on the other. The article argues that this edge has distinct emotional components and concrete spatial consequences for the production of the city as a bordered space. Conceptually, the article combines spatial thinking about the production of territoriality with an emotional understanding of the police as ‘edgeworkers’ grounded in cultural criminology. Empirically, this piece uses ethnographic material from research with ordinary civil police officers and Special Forces in Rio. Across three empirical sections, the article explores police emotions and their significant spatial effects. First, the article mobilises the metaphor of ‘drying ice’ that police officers use to symbolise their everyday struggle with Rio’s urban conflict, and which leads them to produce spaces of secrecy. Second, the article shows how the police consider their job to be a vocation, a stance which simultaneously produces spaces of exposure. Finally, the Special Forces’ activities are compared to those of soldiers in war zones, assessing how the officers as edgeworkers find ways of escaping their emotional dilemma, thereby producing the city as a space of war.

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Goldsmith, Andrew, Flinders University, Dorothy Goulding, Lyn Hinds, and David Brown. "Reviews." Australian & New Zealand Journal of Criminology 36, no. 2 (August 2003): 231–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1375/acri.36.2.231.

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When Police Unionise: The Politics of Law and Order in Australia; By Mark Finnane (2002) Sydney: Hawkins Press, 258pp, ISBN 1864874643 Behind Bars: Surviving Prison; By J.I. Ross & S.C. Richards (2002) Indeanapolis, USA:Alpha Books, 240 pp, ISBN 0028643518 Convict Criminology; By J.I. Ross & S.C. Richards (2002) California, USA:Thomson Wadsworth, 387 pp, ISBN 0534574335 Repair or Revenge: Victims and Restorative Justice.; By H. Strang (2002) Oxford: Clarendon Press, 320 pp, ISBN 0199251649 Punishment and Civilization; By John Pratt (2002) London: Sage Publications, 213 pp, ISBN 0761947531

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Aguilar-Moya, Remedios, David Melero-Fuentes, Carolina Navarro-Molina, Rafael Aleixandre-Benavent, and Juan-Carlos Valderrama-Zurián. "Disciplines and thematics of scientific research in police training (1988-2012)." Policing: An International Journal of Police Strategies & Management 37, no. 4 (November 11, 2014): 696–711. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/pijpsm-02-2014-0014.

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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to analyze the disciplines and thematic study of scientific production in police training over the period 1988-2012. Design/methodology/approach – Introduction and homogenization of keywords and assigning of descriptors to documents, thematic categorization of journals and, analysis of indicators of productivity and relationship of descriptors and thematic areas has been the used methodology. Findings – Totally, 59 different descriptors of a total of 585 assigned to the 182 articles that were published in 95 journals belonging into 20 different subject areas have been identified. The most frequent descriptors are “skills,” “management development” and “violence” and the main thematic areas have been “Criminology and Penology” and “Psychology”. Totally, 47 relationships between 30 descriptors in more than two works, 35 relationships between 20 thematic areas and, 78 relationships between 43 descriptors and eight subject areas in more than two articles have been identified. Originality/value – Characterize the disciplines and thematic of study of the articles and journals in the scientific production on police training, as well as to identify the relationships between descriptors, subject areas and among these.

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Nassauer, Anne. "Effective crowd policing: empirical insights on avoiding protest violence." Policing: An International Journal of Police Strategies & Management 38, no. 1 (March 16, 2015): 3–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/pijpsm-06-2014-0065.

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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to connect sociology, criminology, and social psychology to identify specific factors that keep protests peaceful, discusses empirical examples of effective peacekeeping, and develops practical peacekeeping guidelines. Design/methodology/approach – The analysis systematically compared 30 peaceful and violent protests in the USA and Germany to identify peaceful interaction routines and how they are disrupted. It employed a triangulation of visual and document data on each demonstration, analyzing over 1,000 documents in total. The paper relies on qualitative analysis based on the principles of process tracing. Findings – Results show that specific interaction sequences and emotional dynamics can break peaceful interaction routines and trigger violence. Single interactions do not break these routines, but certain combinations do. Police forces and protesters need to avoid these interaction dynamics to keep protests peaceful. Communication between both sides and good police management are especially important. Research limitations/implications – The paper highlights the need to examine the role of situational interactions and emotional dynamics for the emergence and avoidance of protest violence more closely. Practical implications – Findings have implications for police practice and training and for officers’ and protesters’ safety. Originality/value – Employing recent data and an interdisciplinary approach, the study systematically analyzes peacekeeping in protests, developing guidelines for protest organizers and police.

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Stephens-Griffin, Nathan, Jack Lampkin, Tanya Wyatt, and Carol Stephenson. "“It Often Feels Like You Are Talking to a Wall”: Police and Private Security Responses to the Campaign to Protect Pont Valley Against Opencast Coal Extraction." Critical Criminology 29, no. 2 (May 18, 2021): 199–214. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10612-021-09571-3.

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AbstractConflict between police, private security and political protesters is a topic that has been researched widely in criminology and other disciplines (e.g., Choudry 2019; Gilmore et al. 2019; Goyes and South 2017; Jackson et al. 2018; Rigakos 2002; South 1988; Weiss 1978). Adopting a green criminological lens, this article seeks to contribute to this rich body of research by examining police and private security responses to campaigning against opencast (open-pit) coal mining in Pont Valley, County Durham, United Kingdom (UK). Based on qualitative interviews, the article examines activists’ perceptions of responses to their campaign. Our findings reveal that rather than acting as neutral arbiters, police colluded with private interests, overlooking the abusive behavior of private security and bailiffs, particularly during the eviction of a protest camp at the proposed mining site. Activists believed that their right to protest was not respected, that their safety was jeopardized, and that police had willfully ignored a wildlife crime perpetrated by the mining company in order to enable mining to go ahead. Our article argues that the Pont Valley case fits into a wider pattern of repression of environmentalism in the UK, supporting Gilmore and colleagues’ (2019) argument that a progressive transformation in policing has been overstated.

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Warner, Jo. "Social work legitimacy: democratising research, policy and practice in child protection." British Journal of Social Work 51, no. 4 (February 16, 2021): 1168–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/bjsw/bcab021.

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Abstract This article analyses the concept of legitimacy as applied to the use of power in statutory social work with children and families in the UK. It draws on literature from police studies and criminology, in which the concept is a stable one that continues to be heavily researched and analysed. Police and social workers bear comparison in respect of legitimacy because of the significant powers they use on behalf of the state with direct implications for the civil and human rights of their fellow citizens. The article defines legitimacy in theoretical terms before applying the concept to social work. Here, perceptions of fairness in the distribution of resources, the quality of treatment people receive, and the quality of decision-making are critically examined. The article then proposes a democratising agenda across the three domains of social work research, policy, and practice. Through challenging social work’s legitimacy and analysing its relationship to social democracy, it is argued that new ways may be found to realign practice with the values of human rights and social justice that are said to underpin the profession. Given the severe socioeconomic impact of the Covid-19 pandemic on many families, these questions acquire a particular urgency.

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Lincoln, Robyn, and Laura McGillivray. "Citizen surveil-labour: Analysing Crime Stoppers and its alliance of police, media, and publics." Australian & New Zealand Journal of Criminology 52, no. 2 (August 7, 2018): 291–307. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0004865818786761.

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An examination of a Crime Stoppers initiative – a weekly page published in a major city-based tabloid newspaper – afforded a rare glimpse into this understudied global entity. It also offered a means of reflecting on the co-option of CCTV images; partnerships between police, media organisations, and diverse publics; and the harnessing of citizen labour in a culture of surveillance. Quantitative and qualitative analyses were conducted on the images, accompanying texts, and rhetoric of this feature page for a two-year period. From a media criminology perspective, the portrayals underscore the abrogation of the presumption of innocence, a focus on mundane property offences, with the potential to exacerbate fear of crime and to engender more punitive public attitudes. From a conceptual frame, this article proffers the notion of surveil-labour where the repurposing of CCTV data in the context of a Crime Stoppers scheme reinforces an alliance of police, media, and the public to enhance an infrastructure of informing.

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Fernández-Molina, Esther, and Raquel Bartolomé Gutiérrez. "Juvenile crime drop: What is happening with youth in Spain and why?" European Journal of Criminology 17, no. 3 (August 10, 2018): 306–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1477370818792383.

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One of the most robust findings in criminology is the fall in crime rates throughout the Western world. However, there is still much to be learnt about this and its causes. This case study analyses the Spanish juvenile crime trends and tests the explanatory capacity of the sociodemographic hypotheses. We use aggregate data provided by the police and self-report data. Our analysis could be of interest in a worldwide debate on the crime drop. Demographic changes and the economic situation have little relevance in explaining the changes. However, public policies seem to have had a greater impact on crime trends. Furthermore, gender equality can be considered a possible explanatory factor.

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Brown, Jennifer, Jyoti Belur, Lisa Tompson, Almuth McDowall, Gillian Hunter, and Tiggey May. "Extending the remit of evidence-based policing." International Journal of Police Science & Management 20, no. 1 (January 10, 2018): 38–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1461355717750173.

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Evidence-based policing (EBP) is an important strand of the UK’s College of Policing’s Police Education Qualifications Framework (PEQF), itself a component of a professionalisation agenda. This article argues that the two dominant approaches to EBP, experimental criminology and crime science, offer limited scope for the development of a comprehensive knowledge base for policing. Although both approaches share a common commitment to the values of science, each recognizes their limited coverage of policing topics. The fundamental difference between them is what each considers ‘best’ evidence. This article critically examines the generation of evidence by these two approaches and proposes an extension to the range of issues EBP should cover by utilizing a greater plurality of methods to exploit relevant research. Widening the scope of EBP would provide a broader foundational framework for inclusion in the PEQF and offers the potential for identifying gaps in the research, constructing blocks for knowledge building, and syllabus development in higher level police education.

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Garrett, Brandon L. "Wrongful Convictions." Annual Review of Criminology 3, no. 1 (January 13, 2020): 245–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev-criminol-011518-024739.

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In response to wrongful convictions, there has been a revolution in criminal procedure and research in law and science. This review seeks to summarize the cross-disciplinary explosion in work studying known wrongful convictions, examining their causes, and assessing policy reforms designed to help detect and prevent errors in criminal justice. Scholars have increasingly studied the characteristics of known wrongful-conviction cases, including by analyzing archival records and by creating public registries of exonerations. Scholars have conducted research in law, psychology, statistics, criminology, and other disciplines, as well as interdisciplinary research, designed to better understand the phenomenon of wrongful convictions and how to prevent errors. Scientific bodies, such as the National Academy of Sciences, have made important recommendations based on this research. Furthermore, the conversation is global, with litigation, research, and policy work across jurisdictions. A wide range of jurisdictions have adopted noteworthy changes designed to safeguard crucial types of evidence, such as confession, forensic, and eyewitness evidence, during police investigations and at trial. As a result, law and science have increasingly come together to produce tangible improvements to criminal justice.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Police Criminology'

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