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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Police ethics'
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1
Rushing, Patricia Humphrey Kennedy Larry DeWitt. "Police ethics a curriculum intervention /." Normal, Ill. Illinois State University, 1995. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/ilstu/fullcit?p9633401.
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Thesis (Ed. D.)--Illinois State University, 1995.<br>Title from title page screen, viewed May 17, 2006. Dissertation Committee: Larry Kennedy (chair), John Goeldi, Ione Garcia, Kenneth Strand. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 106-115) and abstract. Also available in print.
2
Masiapata, Nakampe Michael. "Ethics and ethos in the South African Police Service an overview of the Johannesburg Central Police Station /." Diss., Pretoria : [s.n.], 2007. http://upetd.up.ac.za/thesis/available/etd-11262007-094049.
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To, Yuet-ha Julia. "Changing "cop culture" : attitude to discretionary power by patrol officers /." Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 1998. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B20621966.
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Moll, Monica M. "HOW FAR HAVE WE COME? THE STATE OF POLICE ETHICS TRAINING IN POLICE ACADEMIES IN THE U.S." Kent State University / OhioLINK, 2016. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=kent1461239418.
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Kingshott, Brian Frederick. "Ethics of policing a study of English police codes." Thesis, University of Exeter, 2003. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.272996.
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Mibeck, Bryce Michael. "Veteran police officers field training supervisors in ethics and integrity." CSUSB ScholarWorks, 2003. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/2406.
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This project developed a course that could be used by any police agency under the training umbrella of the California Commission on Peace Officer Standards and Training (P.O.S.T.). Specifically, the project was developed to be used by the San Bernardino Sheriff's Department and San Bernardino Valley College working with veteran police officers, police training officers, and police supervisors. The course included information from Josephson's Six Pillars of Character, Vicchio's Five Personality Types Lacking Integrity, and an ethical dilemma exercise.
7
McCarthy, Charlton Shamus. "Strategies for promoting ethics within the SAPS." Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/8553.
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Corruption and unethical management is a legitimate global concern as it can have a direct and substantial impact on the longevity and the success of an organisation, and a country. As a result much attention has been given to unethical behavior and organisational ethical violations over the last decade. Recent events have indicated that ethics management is an organisational concern with mammoth implications for organisations. The aim of this study was to investigate the development of strategies for the promotion of ethics and the impact of unethical conduct on an organisation. A direct link exists between employee behaviour and the organisational environment. The desired ethical environment is negatively affected if the employees cannot distinguish between right and wrong and do not act ethically when confronted with ethical dilemmas. Proposed ethics strategies may also be impacted on by the unethical behaviour of the leadership of organisations, compliance with legislation and poorly managed ethics strategies. The main research problem in this study was to identify what strategies could be adopted to create an ethical culture within an organisation. To achieve this objective a model was developed, proposed and supported with literature and the research study. A research questionnaire was designed to obtain the relevant data that was distributed to previously identified respondents. The results indicated that the majority employees were of the view that the organisational environment and leadership was not ethical and that the majority of employees were not actively pursuing an ethical environment. Findings indicated that the majority of employees felt that contributing factors to achieve an ethical environment was present, but ethic strategies were ineffective and poorly managed. The proposed study model, when implemented successfully, would allow the organisation the effective application of ethic interventions.
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Kucukuysal, Bahadir. "Determinants of Turkish Police Officers' Perception of Integrity: Impact of Organizational Culture." Doctoral diss., Orlando, Fla. : University of Central Florida, 2008. http://purl.fcla.edu/fcla/etd/CFE0002242.
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Cortrite, Michael David. "Servant leadership for law enforcement." Diss., Restricted to subscribing institutions, 2007. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1467893891&sid=1&Fmt=2&clientId=1564&RQT=309&VName=PQD.
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Karp, Jann. "Corruption and crisis control the nature of the game - New South Wales Police reform 1996-2204 /." Connect to full text, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/2185.
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Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Sydney, 2007.<br>Title from title screen (viewed 26 March 2008). Submitted in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy to the Dept. of Sociology and Social Policy, Faculty of Arts. Includes bibliographical references. Also available in print form.
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Gordon, Raymond Daniel. "The constitution of power in the New South Wales Police Service /." Electronic version, 2003. http://adt.lib.uts.edu.au/public/adt-NTSM20040825.173438/index.html.
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Lewis, Debra S. "Police decision-making following an accusation of racial profiling| A qualitative case study." Thesis, University of Phoenix, 2015. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3736710.
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<p> This study presents the findings revealed because of the lack of empirical research exploring police perceptions of informal accusations of racial profiling. The purpose of this qualitative descriptive single case study focused on exploring police decision-making following an informal accusation of racial profiling, in which no litigation occurred, during a police-motorist interaction. The purpose of this study included exploring police recommendations of what guidelines are necessary to reduce accusations of racial profiling. This study used a descriptive framework to explore accusations of racial profiling, feelings, perceptions, training, and leadership. Face-to-face and Skype® semi-structured interviews used a purposeful and convenience approach. Eighteen police volunteers were selected for this study. Six themes emerged based on the participant’s perceptions and experiences regarding informal accusations, responses to accusations, and police recommendations. The themes were focus on completing the task, responding professionally, fairness and respect, education, community interactions to change misperceptions, and perceptions of racial profiling. The participants advised communications between police and the community they serve is essential for reducing accusations. Implications for leadership to consider based on this study are a need for a comprehensive approach for how to interact within the community they serve, how to ensure personnel are not intentionally engaging in racial profiling, and to correct personnel actions that do not follow departmental rules. Recommendations included police-community interactions, open-forums, and better communications to allow police to explain behaviors before the media intensifying accusations.</p>
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To, Yuet-ha Julia, and 杜月霞. "Changing "cop culture": attitude to discretionary power by patrol officers." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1998. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31978708.
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Tam, Chun-hei, and 譚振熙. "An analysis towards the misdeed committed by police officer in Hong Kong from ethical perspective." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2010. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B46777027.
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Kwok, Hiu-kwan, and 郭曉君. "A study of ethical policing." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2011. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B46780737.
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Kennedy, Michael Hartley. "Progressing towards conservatism a gramscian challenge to the conceptualisation of class, agency, corruption and reform in 'progressive' analyses of policing /." View thesis, 2004. http://handle.uws.edu.au:8081/1959.7/27746.
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Thesis (Ph.D.) -- University of Western Sydney, 2004.<br>"A thesis presented to the University of Western Sydney in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy" "November 2004" Bibliography: p. 260-356.
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Howell, Marti Cecilia. "Dear Mr. Smith a case study analysis of ethical decisions made at the St. Louis post-dispatch, a newspaper receipt of correspondence from an alleged serial murderer /." abstract and full text PDF (free order & download UNR users only), 2007. http://0-gateway.proquest.com.innopac.library.unr.edu/openurl?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:dissertation&res_dat=xri:pqdiss&rft_dat=xri:pqdiss:1446425.
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Williams, Kenneth R. "The effect of initial entry training on the moral and character development of military police soldiers." ScholarWorks, 2010. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/733.
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The U.S. Army conducts extensive training on its core values beginning with initial entry training (IET), commonly referred to as basic training, in order to shape soldiers' behavior and decision making in combat and noncombat situations. This mixed methods study addressed the problem of limited empirical research on the effects of U.S. Army IET on soldiers' moral and character development. The purpose was to explore the effects of Military Police (MP) IET on soldiers in training through a mixed methods quantitative and qualitative model. The theoretical framework for this study was based on Rest's four component model (FCM) of moral development, Hart's model of moral identity, the schemas of the Defining Issues Test (DIT), and the U.S. Army's moral code consisting of the Army values, the Soldiers Creed, and the Warrior Ethos. The DIT was administered at the beginning and conclusion of MP IET to determine change in soldiers' moral judgment. Focus groups of MP IET soldiers identified perceptions of change in moral development. Data analysis using ANOVA and matched pair t tests of DIT scores revealed no significant changes in overall scores, no differences among age groups, and limited differences among genders and educational levels. Results showed significant decline in personal interest scores among females. Focus group results using qualitative content analysis revealed the relationship with drill sergeants as having a significant impact on moral development. This study provides feedback to trainers and leaders on designing effective moral and character education. Soldiers influence societies at home and abroad. This research shows that positive social change is more likely as soldiers receive moral and character education which focuses on developing moral expertise, not just memorization of rules, and which results in moral and trustworthy behavior.
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Goins, Jacqueline Lorraine. "Sexual boundary violations between peace officer agencies and offenders." CSUSB ScholarWorks, 2002. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/2074.
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Peace officers across this country have allowed a hostile environment to be created with offenders who are in their custody. An overview of the issues to be addressed in this study will begin with sexual boundary violations among peace officers and offenders, such as physical intimacy and emotional commitment that meets the sexual needs of the peace officer.
20
Adlam, Robert. "Culture change : an attempt to teach ethics to police leaders and managers within a traditional institution and changing social milieu." Thesis, University of Surrey, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.323966.
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Aulis, Angela Rena. "How much should the off-duty employment of police officers be regulated?" CSUSB ScholarWorks, 2004. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/2675.
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This project explored the question of whether or not the employment of off-duty police officers should be regulated. It includes two surveys, a statewide survey of agency regulations and a survey of Fontana Police Department personnel.
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Owen, Oliver H. "The Nigeria police force : an institutional ethnography." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2012. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:e824783a-8ba0-4d96-8519-0ee2b2090fc8.
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This thesis is an institutional ethnography of the Nigeria Police Force. It concentrates on evidence from 18 months of fieldwork in one particular police station, in the pseudonymised town of Dutsin Bature in central Nigeria, and draws comparative evidence from examples and locations elsewhere in Nigeria. The fieldwork evidence is also supported by analyses of public discourse, literature reviews, some formal interviews and historical research. The thesis aims to fill a gap in empirical scholarship by looking at policing in Nigeria primarily from the level of everyday practice, and deriving understandings of the ways the overall system works, rather than by taking normative structural approaches and basing suppositions of actual behaviour upon these. It also aims to document emic perspectives on policing in Nigeria, in contrast to most existing scholarship and public discourse which takes an external perspective, from which the voices and worldviews of police themselves are absent. The thesis situates this ethnography within three theoretical terrains. First, developing understandings of policing and public security in Africa, which have often neglected in-depth studies of formal police forces. Secondly, enlarging the ethnographic study of formal institutions in African states, to develop a closer understanding of what state systems are and how they function, beyond the overtly dysfunctionalist perspectives which have dominated recent scholarship. Thirdly, informing ongoing debates over state and society in Africa, problematising understandings which see these as separate entities instead of mutually constitutive, and drawing attention to the ways in which the two interpenetrate and together mould the public sphere. The thesis begins with a historical overview of the trajectory of formal policing in Nigeria, then examines public understandings and representations of policing, before moving inside the institutional boundaries, considering in turn the human composition of the police, training and character formation, the way police officers do their work in Dutsin Bature, Nigerian police officers’ preoccupation with risk and the systemic effects of their efforts to mitigate it, and finally officers’ subjective perspectives on their work, their lived realities, and on Nigeria in an era of transition. These build together to suggest some conclusions pertinent to the theoretical perspectives.
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Foltynová, Hana. "Návrh na zefektivnění vztahů mezi policisty a občany." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta podnikatelská, 2011. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-222854.
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The diploma thesis discusses about the relationship between citizens and Police of the Czech Republic. It focuses on crime, its detection and problems concerning communication. This thesis contains informations about examinated object, various research methods and procedures how to streamline these relationships and also how to improve confidence in the police.
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Flodin, Frans. "Sustainable ethics in public administration? -Ethical dilemmas in sustainable development policy implementation." Thesis, Örebro universitet, Institutionen för humaniora, utbildnings- och samhällsvetenskap, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:oru:diva-75551.
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This Master´s thesis analyses ethical dilemmas through a theory of three administrative ethics. These three ethics derives from the aspects of sustainable development. The purpose is to combine modern scholars’ requirements of administrative ethics, ideas of how public officials should work and sustainable development as a high ethical goal. Hence the aim is to design an approach and practical understanding of sustainable ethics within public administration. The research applies an empirical and qualitative method, including three elite interviews and a case study. Ethical dilemmas as an ethical phenomenon is used as an analytic tool the can test a practical use of the theory. The interviews are meant to collect experiences from public officials on ethical dilemmas in relation to sustainable development. One case was studied in debt, namely a dilemma situation in Swedish municipality Enköping, where politicians in the Environmental board actively and repeatedly chose not to follow the Environmental Code. A conclusion from the results is that ethical dilemmas in many cases can be illustrate with the theory of sustainable ethics. Moreover, the results show that the interviewees have a restrictive view of how they can and should work as public servants compared with modern scholars’ arguments of more political working public officials. The title of this research ends with a question mark that intend to challenge the reader with a mindset that sustainable ethics requires more than one specific ethic.
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Hedström, Richard. "Etik, moral och myndighetsutövande." Thesis, Swedish National Defence College, Swedish National Defence College, 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:fhs:diva-31.
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<p>Militär och polis har vid en hastig överblick en gemensam nämnare, nämligen legal våldsanvändning som en väg att lösa sina respektive uppgifter. Vad ställer detta för krav i fråga om etik och moral på respektive yrkesgrupp? Finns det fler likheter och vad finns det för skillnader, ur ett etiskt och moraliskt perspektiv? Syftet med denna uppsats är att identifiera vilka likheter och skillnader i krav på etik och moral det finns mellan officerare och poliser. Detta sker genom att beskriva vilka krav som ställs på en officer för att sedan beskriva vilka krav som ställs på en polis. Därefter sker en jämförelse och en analys i syfte att tydliggöra de likheter och skillnader som identifierats.</p><p> Uppsatsen visar att likheter förekommer i fråga om krav på att behålla sin etik i perioder då den inte sätts på prov och efter långa tider av passivitet i verksamheten. Likheter har även identifierats i respektive myndighets värdegrund då dessa ställer tydliga krav på sina anställda i fråga om människosyn och normer. Skillnaderna som har identifierats handlar bland annat om agerandet innan vapenanvändning. En officer har i uppgift att leda underställda i strid och blir tagen i anspråk när inga andra metoder har fungerat. En polis däremot, förväntas kunna ta till mindre våldsamma metoder för att lösa sin uppgift, innan han använder sitt vapen. Detta ställer högre krav på en polis. Ytterligare en skillnad som identifierats är förhållandet mellan befäl och underställd personal. Resultatet i detta fall visar att det ställs högre krav på en officer då dennes underställda har en lägre ålder, kortare utbildning och mindre livserfarenhet än polisbefälets underställda.</p><br><p>A quick overview tells us that legal use of force is the lowest common denominator between military officers and police officers. Which demands does this legal use of force make on the two categories, in terms of ethics and moral? Are there more similarities and what differences in an ethical perspective are there? The purpose of this essay is to identify the similarities and differences between military officers and police officers in terms of demands in an ethical and moral perspective. This is made by describing the demands on a military officer followed by a description of the demands on a police officer. Thereafter, a comparison and an analysis is made in purpose to clarify the similarities and differences which have been identified.</p><p>The essay shows that similarities occur in question of keeping your ethics in times when it is not tested and after long periods of passivity in the daily activities. Similarities have also been identified in each authority’s declaration of values. The declarations of values are making demands in terms of human value and norms. The differences that have been identified are mainly about the behavior before use of violence. A police officer is expected to use other methods, in order to solve his assignment, before he uses his weapon. A military officer, on the other hand, is trained to lead subordinates in combat and is assigned when all other methods has failed. The demands on a police officer are therefore considered higher, in that very case. Another difference that has been identified is the relation between the commander and his subordinates. The result in this case shows that the demands on a military officer are higher due to the subordinates’ younger age, shorter training and lesser life experience, compared to the police officers subordinates.</p>
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Elton, Juanita S. "An Exploratory Study of Cultural Competence: Examining Cross Cultural Adaptability in Peace Officers." University of Akron / OhioLINK, 2013. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=akron1364914071.
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Paulsson, Cecilia, and Jasmine Johanson. ""Det finns inget facit" - Socialtjänstens överväganden gällande att upprätta polisanmälan vid våld mot barn." Thesis, Malmö universitet, Fakulteten för hälsa och samhälle (HS), 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-24419.
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The aim of this study was to examine how professionals within Swedish child and youth department of social services reason regarding the establishment of a police report when they suspect that children have been exposed to violence. The aim of this study was also to examine if the professionals' experience that an established police report tends to influence their ongoing social investigations in any way. A thematic analysis was conducted based on six qualitative semi structured interviews with professionals working within the child and youth department of social services from two different workplaces. The empirical data was analyzed in relation to previous research regarding the topic of the study and selected theories. The theories that formed the basis for the analysis were Lipsky’s Street-Level Bureaucracy and Normative ethics in terms of Consequence ethics, Duty-based ethics and Situational ethics which are derived from various philosophers. The results of the study show that the professionals when they consider whether a police report should be filed or not reason about several different factors, making their assessments complex and difficult to describe in generalized terms. Some factors described as influencing their assessments are the degree of clarity in the received information, the severity of the suspected violence and the child's age and ability to tell about what they have experienced. The professionals also reason about possible consequences a police report may result in, in both positive and negative sense, which also influence their assessments. When making these assessments the professionals possess a relatively high degree of discretion using mainly consequence ethics and situational ethics. Further the result show that the ongoing social investigations are significantly affected by an established police report. The impact consists of difficulties in establishing a good alliance with the family and having to deal with the parents’ trauma. The social investigation is also affected by the parallel ongoing police process, because of the existing confidentiality during the preliminary police investigation.
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Berger, Marcia. "A morally justified policy for assisted euthanasia." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/51578.
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Assignment (MPhil)--University of Stellenbosch, 2000.<br>ENGLISH ABSTRACT: This study was undertaken to evaluate whether a mentally competent mature
human being, who is suffering an intolerable, irremediable existence resulting
from an incurable agonising or devastating paralysing disease; has a moral,
personal and civic right to end that life or have it ended by requesting assistance
in meeting death in a humane, compassionate and dignified manner.
~ The righteousness of such assistance can only be gauged if it follows the
repeated and voluntary request of someone who is presently not suffering from
any psychiatric disorder, is presently mentally competent or had made such a
written or verbal witnessed advance directive while mentally competent to do so.
~ This study will not deal with assistance in dying either active or passive which is
performed on severely mentally and physically handicapped new-born babies
with scant prospect of survival; nor with euthanasia for the relief of malignant or
paralysing disease in those with life-long [anoxic, congenital, inflammatory or
traumatic] mental incompetencies who have never had decision-making capacity.
~ This study will not address issues of aid-in-dying for mentally incompetent
persons suffering from senile dementia, Alzheimer's disease, or permanent
vegetative states due to brain pathology following anoxic, circulatory, infective,
malignant or traumatic events, who have not made advance directives and who
had never stated preferences concerning assisted euthanasia. The aim of this study is to outline the moral case advanced by those in favour of
legalising Voluntary Assisted Euthanasia [VAE] also called Assisted Euthanasia
[AE] and to develop ethically sound and practical proposals for policy and actions
contributing towards the resolution of the moral dilemma faced daily by doctors
when asked by mentally competent patients suffering from irremediable
malignant or paralysing diseases or the agonising symptoms of end-stage
Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS) for assistance to end their lives.
}ii> This study will cover and discuss the more important objections of those opposed
to the legalising of assisted suicide for mentally-competent terminal patients who
are irremediably suffering in their bodies or from dehumanising incurable endstage
paralysing diseases and are near to an inevitable death.
}ii> The insights of philosophers, theologians, physicians and sociologists on the
subject of suicide and aid-in-dying, have been researched in the extensive
literature that exists (both in print and in cyberspace) on these subjects and are
presented with the study.
}ii> The study tries to show that a competent adult in certain grim circumstances
should have an inalienable human right, if not a constitutional one, to request
assisted euthanasia or aid-in-dying or assistance in ending their lives.
}ii> Such assistance must be subject to peer review, after careful assessment by a
multidisciplinary team in the healing [both physical and spiritual] professions This paper will try to determine whether the actionalisation of voluntary assisted
suicide or assisted euthanasia is murder or an act of compassion and empathy
performed out of respect for a fellow human being's autonomy and in deference
to their right to self-determination and self-realisation.
~ The relevance of this situation is that aid-in-dying is becoming one of the major,
moral, religious, philosophical and bio-medical dilemmas at this time.
~ The author's position is that it is neither just nor ethical to prevent a mentallycompetent
human being, who is tormented by agonising, incurable terminal
physical or irremediable paralysing disease, from deciding to chose to die when
he/she can no longer bear the torment and asking for professional assistance to
effect this. This relief should be given not only to those who are able to make an
enduring, informed contemporaneous decision, but also to those who [when they
still had decision-making capacity] had previously made a considered informed
advance directive about the use of ordinary and extraordinary medical methods of
sustaining a life that had become merely an existence.<br>AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die studie is onderneem om te evalueer of 'n bevoegde, volwasse mens wat 'n
onverduurbare en ongeneesbare bestaan het a.g.v. 'n ongeneesbare, folterende
of vernietigende siekte, 'n morele, persoonlike of burgerlike reg het om daardie
lewe te beeïndig of hulp te vra om dit te laat beeïndig, ten einde die dood op 'n
menswaardige wyse tegemoet te gaan.
~ Die regverdigbaarheid van bogenoemde hulp kan slegs bepaal word as dit volg
op die herhaalde en vrywillige versoeke van iemand wat nie, wanneer hy/sy dit
versoek, ly aan 'n geestessiekte nie, wat bevoeg is of wat so 'n geskrewe of
mondelinge versoek, met getuies, gemaak het terwyl die persoon kompetent was.
~ Die studie handel nie oor bystand-in-sterfte, aktief of passief, waar dit uitgevoer
word op fisies of psigies ernstig gestremde pasgebore babas met 'n skrale kans
op oorlewing nie; ook nie oor genadedood ter verligting van kwaadaardige of
verlammende siekte in diegene met lewenslange [anoksiese, kongenitale,
inflammatoriese of traumatiese] geestelike ongesteldhede, wat nog nooit
besluitnemende kapasiteit gehad het nie.
~ Die studie ondersoek nie gevalle van bystand-met-sterfte waar inkompetente
persone wat ly aan seniliteit, Alzheimer se siekte, of permanente vegetatiewe
toestande a.g.v. brein patologie n.a.v. anoksiese, sirkulatoriese, infektiewe,
kwaadaardige of traumatiese gebeure, nie direk gevra het vir genadedood of
nooit die voorkeur vir geassisteerde genadedood uitgespreek het nie. Die doel van hierdie studie is om die morele saak van diegene ten gunste van die
wettiging van Vrywillige Geassisteerde Genadedood, ook bekend as
Geassisteerde Genadedood, te stel en om praktiese sowel as eties
verantwoordbare voorstelle te maak vir beleid en optrede wat kan bydra tot die
oplos van die morele dilemma wat dokters daagliks in die gesig staar wanneer
hulle deur geestelik bevoegde pasiënte wat ly aan ongeneesbare, kwaadaardige
of verlammende siektes, of die folterende simptome van die finale stadium van
Verworwe Immuniteits Gebrek Sindroom [VIGS], gevra word vir bystand in die
beeïndiging van hulle lewens.
~ Die studie sal die belangriker besware van diegene aanspreek wat teen die
wettiging is van geassisteerde genadedood vir geestelik bevoegde terminale
pasiënte wat ongeneesbaar ly of van dehumaniserende ongeneesbare finale
stadium siektes en wat naby is aan 'n onafwendbare dood.
~ Die insigte van filosowe, teoloë, dokters en sosioloë oor bystand-met-sterfte en
selfmoord, is nagevors in die wye literatuur beskikbaar is (beide in druk en
kuberruimte) oor hierdie onderwerpe en word saam met die studie angebied.
~ Die studie probeer aantoon dat 'n bevoegde volwassene in sekere erge
omstandighede 'n onvervreembare mensereg, indien nie 'n konstitusionele reg
nie, behoort te hê om bystand tydens genadedood te versoek.
~ Sulke bystand moet onderworpe wees aan groepsevaluasie, na versigtige
ondersoek deur 'n multi-dissiplinêre span in die gesondheidsprofessies [beide
fisies en psigies]. Die studie sal probeer bepaal of die uitvoering van vrywillige geassisteerde
selfmoord of geassisteerde genadedood moord is, of 'n aksie van empatie,
uitgevoer uit respek vir 'n medemens se outonomie, sy/haar reg tot selfdeterminasie
en self-realisasie.
)lo- Die relevansie van hierdie situasie lê daarin dat bystand-met-sterfte besig is om
een van die belangrikste morele, religieuse, filosofiese en biomediese dilemmas
van ons tyd te word.
)lo- Die outeur se posisie is dat dit nie regverdig of eties is om te verhoed dat 'n
geestelik bevoegde mens, wat ly aan folterende, ongeneesbare terminale fisiese
of ongeneesbare verlammende siekte, self kies om te sterf wanneer hy/sy nie
meer die lyding kan verdra nie en vir professionele bystand vra om dit uit te voer.
Die verligting behoort gegee te word, nie net aan diegene wat in staat is om 'n
bindende en ingeligte besluit te maak nie, maar ook aan -diegene wat [toe hulle
nog besluitnemende kapasitiet gehad het] vroeër 'n oorweegde, ingeligte
vroegtydige versoek gemaak het aangaande die gebruik van gewone en
buitengewone mediese metodes vir die verlenging van 'n lewe wat bloot 'n
bestaan geword het.
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Rutgersson, Jacob, and Isak Emitslöf. "Etik och kamerabevakning : Möjligheter och utmaningar." Thesis, Malmö universitet, Fakulteten för teknik och samhälle (TS), 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-45006.
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Looking at opportunities and difficulties with the use of camera surveillance is important for the futureof this technology and its use by the Swedish police. The purpose of this assignment is therefore toprovide an overview of the opportunities and difficulties encountered by the Swedish police in the useof camera surveillance in their daily work. The society is affected by these cameras, but what does thesociety think about being monitored in public places? Through interviews and a backgroundpresentation of camera surveillance as well as a theoretical approach with a focus on moralizingtechnology, we have analyzed and discussed various opportunities and problems that the policeencounter. According to studies, a large majority is in favor of camera surveillance, yet there are strictlaws and regulations governing their use. Replacing and simplifying laws will bring responsibility anddecisions closer to the police, opening up possibilities such as the strengthening of witness statementsand a better overview of crime sites, while fear that the technology does not reflect the reality of thesituation. The material provided by the camera surveillance also provides an objective overview whichwould not otherwise have been possible, while police surveillance has limitations.<br>Att titta på möjligheter och svårigheter med användandet av kamerabevakning är viktigt för framtideninom denna teknologi och dess användning av polisen. Syftet med denna uppsats är att ge en överblickav de möjligheter och svårigheter som svenska polisen stöter på gällande användandet avkamerabevakning i sitt arbete. Allmänheten påverkas av dessa kameror, men vad tycker egentligenallmänheten om att bli övervakad på allmänna platser? Genom en presentation av förutsättningar förkamerabevakning och intervjuer samt ett teoretiskt synsätt med fokus på moralisering av teknologi, harvi analyserat och diskuterat olika möjligheter och problem som polisen stöter på. Enligt andra studierär en stor majoritet positivt inställda till kamerabevakning, trots detta finns det stränga lagar och reglergällande användning av dessa. I samband med att lagar ersätts och förenklas flyttas ansvaret ochbesluten närmare polisens verksamhet vilket öppnat upp för möjligheter som bland annat stärkandet avvittnesutsagor och en bättre överblick av brottsplatser samtidigt som en rädsla finns för att teknikeninte speglar den verklighetsbild som är korrekt. Materialet som kamerabevakningen tillför ger även enobjektiv överblick som annars inte hade varit möjlig, samtidigt som polisens kamerabevakning harbegränsningar.
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Hudon, Marek. "Ethics and public policy in microfinance." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/210639.
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This thesis is made of two parts. Part I (Chapter 1 to 3) focuses on the ethical aspects of the current challenges in microfinance. Chapter 1 addresses the question of the place and importance of credit in development policies, through the debate on the right to credit. Chapter 2 and 3 then question the fairness of the interest rates charged by the microfinance institutions. Chapter 2 analyzes whether the fairness criteria depend on more basic principles of justice, such as Rawls’ principles described in A Theory of Justice (Rawsl, 1976). Chapter 3 then reviews some of the implicit and explicit definitions of fair interest rates and proposes an original methodology, with David Gauthiers’ contractuarian theory. It determines what a fair interest rate would be when lending to the poor. <p><p>Based on the results of the two first chapters, Part II (Chapter 4 to 6) focuses on the role of donors in microfinance. Chapters 4 and 5 use two original databases, of 67 and 100 MFIs respectively to study the impact of subsidies on the MFIs’ management, through their rating evaluation (Chapter 4) and MFIs’ performance and management decisions (Chapter 5). Chapter 4 will analyze the relationship between the quality of management, as rated by a specialized agency, and the amount of subsidies. Chapter 5 will study pricing policy, the clientele and the potential moral hazard of subsidized institutions. Concluding this analysis, Chapter 6 gives some guidelines on the use of donor subsidies, especially in their interaction with the new private commercial actors, such as investment funds. <p><br>Doctorat en sciences de gestion<br>info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished
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Player, Candice Teri-Lowe. "Essays in Ethics and Health Policy." Thesis, Harvard University, 2013. http://dissertations.umi.com/gsas.harvard:10979.
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In 1999 New York enacted Kendra's Law, in memory of Kendra Webdale, a young woman who was pushed to her death in front of an oncoming train by a man with untreated schizophrenia. Under Kendra's Law a court can order a person with a mental illness to participate in an "assisted outpatient treatment" (AOT) program. Kendra's Law includes a number of procedural due process protections including the right to a hearing and the right to counsel. Still critics argue that people with mental illnesses are routinely ordered to participate in the AOT program based on no more than "a bare recital of the statutory criteria." The first essay in this dissertation, Outpatient Commitment and Procedural Due Process, reports the findings from a study on procedural due process and assisted outpatient treatment hearings under Kendra's Law. Findings from this study suggest that despite the shift from a medical model of civil commitment to a judicial model in the late 1970s, by and large judges continue to accord great deference to clinical testimony. A second paper, Rethinking Kendra's Law, addresses the ethical dilemmas that arise when courts impose AOT over the patient's objection. The third paper of this dissertation, Public Assistance, Drug Testing and the Law, addresses the Fourth Amendment questions that arise when states condition public assistance benefits on passing a suspicionless drug test. To date eight states—including Florida, Georgia and Missouri—condition public assistance benefits on passing a drug test. Proposals to condition public assistance on passing a drug test have also appeared in Congress. However, without a genuine threat to public health or public safety, proposals to condition public assistance on passing a drug test without individualized suspicion of drug use are unreasonable under the Fourth Amendment. Even if the Supreme Court were to recognize special needs beyond a genuine threat to public health or public safety, policies that result in withholding public assistance benefits from people who abuse illegal drugs are likely to make many social problems much worse.
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Reza, Faisal 1980. "Human cloning : science, ethics, policy, society." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/29582.
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Thesis (B.S.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Program in Science, Technology, and Society, 2003.<br>Includes bibliographical references (leaves 73-74).<br>The interplay of science, ethics, policy and society contribute to our understanding of and relation with human cloning. Genetic science and technology at the end of the twentieth century has permitted successful cloning of mammals and other animals. Such advancement has raised key ethical issues regarding the prospect of cloning human beings. Evaluation of these issues has led to policies aimed at regulating this novel technology. In tum, these policies strive to prepare our society for the scientific possibilities and ethical implications of human cloning.<br>by Faisal Reza.<br>B.S.
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Mandal, Suvra. "Health policy, ethics and human values." Thesis, University of North Bengal, 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/123456789/66.
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Bulley, Daniel. "Ethics and foreign policy : negotiation and invention." Thesis, University of Warwick, 2006. http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/3483/.
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To what extent can ethics and foreign policy be conceived as possible? Instead of answering within the implied dichotomy of possibility and impossibility, this thesis argues for a reconceptualisation of the dichotomy. Ethics and foreign policy are better understood on the basis of undecidability: neither simply possible nor impossible, but both at the same time. A deconstructive reading of British (1997-2006) and EU (1999- 2004) foreign policy, both of which make claims to ethics, reveals how the issue is beset by internal contradictions, paradoxes and aporias. The deconstruction is structured around the concepts of subjectivity, responsibility and hospitality, each of which constitutes an important point of undecidability within British and EU representations of their ethical dimension. The subject of ethics and foreign policy is always haunted and inhabited by its object, responsibility is necessarily irresponsible, and hospitality contains an irrepressible hostility. Thus, ethics and foreign policy is best conceived as undecidably im-possible. However, such undecidability cannot be used to justify abandoning the goal of an ethical foreign policy. Rather, a Derridean 'negotiation' is proposed. Negotiation seeks to remain loyal to the dual injunction of deconstruction, an undecidability which is the condition of ethics and politics, and a decision which decides, and closes to certain figures of otherness. It requires a permanent questioning, testing and invention of the promise of ethics and foreign policy. This produces a range of illustrative suggestions for the possible enactment of an ethico-political foreign policy, which would refer to and strive for an ultimately unrealisable ethical foreign policy. This research contributes a fundamental critique and questioning of the possibility of ethics and foreign policy. It provides a revealing exploration of British and EU foreign policy from the period, based around responsibility and hospitality. Finally, the thesis introduces the Derridean notion of negotiation to the discipline, seen as a way of moving through the potential paralysis brought by the undecidability arising from foundational questioning.
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Ruhs, Martin. "The economics and ethics of labour immigration policy." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2003. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.619964.
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Fernandes, Francilene Gomes. "Barbárie e direitos humanos: as execuções sumárias e desaparecimentos forçados de maio (2006) em São Paulo." Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo, 2011. https://tede2.pucsp.br/handle/handle/17543.
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Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-29T14:16:06Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1
Francilene Gomes Fernandes.pdf: 1262922 bytes, checksum: 913dcc8e53e644445e5e25fbc167ef55 (MD5)
Previous issue date: 2011-10-21<br>This work is the product of an investigation into the crimes that occurred in May 2006
in Sao Paulo. Following the values and assumptions of the Ethics Code of Social and
ethical-political project of Social Work, Our research is guided by the
uncompromising defense of human rights, freedom and social justice and a
theoretical-critical and historical perspective. Started since graduation in Social Work
(2004-2007), this research has involved the peculiarity of the author as a researcher
and human rights activist, in that his brother - Paul Alexandre Gomes - was the victim
of enforced disappearance during May 2006, after police approach, followed by
arrest. In this dissertation, violence is treated historically as an expression of
barbarism underway in the context of contemporary neoliberal capitalism, as control
and domination by the state and the police in dealing with social issues and as a form
of extremely serious human rights violations that took place in full observance of the
rules of the democratic state of law and of Brazilian society<br>Esse trabalho é produto de uma investigação sobre os Crimes de Maio de 2006
ocorridos em São Paulo. Seguindo os valores e os pressupostos do Código de Ética
dos Assistentes sociais e do projeto ético-político do Serviço Social, nossa pesquisa
se orienta pela defesa intransigente dos direitos humanos, da liberdade e da justiça
social e por uma perspectiva teórico-crítica e histórica. Iniciada desde a graduação
em Serviço Social (2004-2007), essa investigação tem a peculiaridade de envolver a
autora enquanto pesquisadora e militante de direitos humanos, na medida em que
seu irmão - Paulo Alexandre Gomes - foi vítima de desaparecimento forçado,
durante maio de 2006, após abordagem policial, seguida de detenção. Nessa
dissertação, a violência é tratada historicamente, como uma expressão da barbárie
em curso no contexto do capitalismo contemporâneo neoliberal, como forma de
controle e de dominação por parte do Estado e da polícia no enfrentamento da
questão social e como uma forma gravíssima de violação de direitos humanos,
ocorrida em plena vigência do regime do Estado democrático e de direito da
sociedade brasileira
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Graff, David. "Ethics and Arms Sales: A Discourse Analysis of Canadian Foreign Policy." Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/42200.
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Since 2015, the Canadian government has made recurrent assertions that Canada has a feminist foreign policy. A policy, according to certain critics, that is hypocritical because of the government’s continuation of arms exports to countries deemed unsavory from a human rights standpoint. This context makes for a fertile exploration of the nexus between ethical foreign policy aspirations and the realities of foreign relations policy implementation and impact. By assessing these circumstances, I attempt to understand how hypocrisy functions within Canadian foreign policy. Through a method of discourse analysis, I evaluate the official discourses from the government and responses by civil society in relation to the Liberal Government’s handling of the Canada – Saudi Light Armoured Vehicle contract. In addition, by analysing Canadian foreign policy, via departmental reports, I highlight how the government attempts to infuse Canada’s foreign policy with ethical considerations. By tracing the rise of ethical considerations in Canada’s foreign policy, I argue that hypocrisy is intertwined with ethical considerations, thus systematically embedding hypocrisy within established Canadian institutions. Moreover, I show that Canada is committed to the concept of risk transfer, the doctrine of double effect and need for ‘proof grounded in evidence’ when assessing arms exports. These concepts shift the risks associated with hypocritical action away from the government and onto the people it purports to aid.
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Cheung, Wing-chung. "An analysis of ICAC's liasion policy business ethics campaign /." Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 1995. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B31964710.
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Cheung, Wing-chung, and 張永松. "An analysis of ICAC's liasion policy: business ethics campaign." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1995. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31964710.
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Cheung, Wing-chung. "An analysis of ICAC's liaision policy : business ethics campaign /." Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 1995. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B1402388X.
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BIRNIE, Rutger Steven. "The ethics and politics of deportation in Europe." Doctoral thesis, European University Institute, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/1814/61307.
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Defence date: 19 February 2019<br>Examining Board:
Professor Rainer Bauböck, European University Institute (Supervisor); Professor Matthew Gibney, University of Oxford;
Professor Iseult Honohan, University College Dublin;
Professor Jennifer Welsh, McGill University (formerly European University Institute)<br>This thesis explores key empirical and normative questions prompted by deportation policies and practices in the contemporary European context. The core empirical research question the thesis seeks to address is: what explains the shape of deportation regimes in European liberal democracies? The core normative research question is: how should we evaluate these deportation regimes morally? The two parts of the thesis address each of these questions in turn. To explain contemporary European deportation regimes, the four chapters of the first part of the thesis investigate them from a historical and multilevel perspective. (“Expulsion Old and New”) starts by comparing contemporary deportation practices to earlier forms of forced removal such as criminal banishment, political exile, poor law expulsion, and collective expulsions on a religious or ethnic basis, highlighting how contemporary deportation echoes some of the purposes of these earlier forms of expulsion. (“Divergences in Deportation”) looks at some major differences between European countries in how, and how much, deportation is used as a policy instrument today, concluding that they can be roughly grouped into four regime types, namely lenient, selective, symbolically strict and coercively strict. The next two chapters investigate how non-national levels of government are involved in shaping deportation in the European context. (“Europeanising Expulsion”) traces how the institutions of the European Union have come to both restrain and facilitate or incentivise member states’ deportation practices in fundamental ways. (“Localities of Belonging”) describes how provincial and municipal governments are increasingly assertive in frustrating deportations, effectively shielding individuals or entire categories of people from the reach of national deportation efforts, while in other cases local governments pressure the national level into instigating deportation proceedings against unwanted residents. The chapters argue that such efforts on both the supranational and local levels must be explained with reference to supranational and local conceptions of membership that are part of a multilevel citizenship structure yet can, and often do, come apart from the national conception of belonging. The second part of the thesis addresses the second research question by discussing the normative issues deportation gives rise to. (“Deportability, Domicile and the Human Right to Stay”) argues that a moral and legal status of non-deportability should be extended beyond citizenship to all those who have established effective domicile, or long-term and permanent residence, in the national territory. (“Deportation without Domination?”) argues that deportation can and should be applied in a way that does not dominate those it subjects by ensuring its non-arbitrary application through a limiting of executive discretion and by establishing proportionality testing in deportation procedures. (“Resisting Unjust Deportation”) investigates what can and should be done in the face of unjust national deportation regimes, proposing that a normative framework for morally justified antideportation resistance must start by differentiating between the various individual and institutional agents of resistance before specifying how their right or duty to resist a particular deportation depends on motivational, epistemic and relational conditions.
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Gaskarth, Jamie Barrow. "Locating the ethics in British foreign policy : a discourse analysis." Thesis, University of Exeter, 2004. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.434747.
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Galvez, Marisa. "Pro Tanto Principles in Public Policy." Scholarship @ Claremont, 2019. https://scholarship.claremont.edu/cmc_theses/2043.
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Even when given the exact same moral dilemma, equally rational peers, colleagues, and friends will disagree about the right course of action. Pro tanto principles are one way to resolve moral conflicts such as these. When broadening the conflicts to real life situations, such as those seen in public policy, pro tanto principles prove to be an extremely useful tool. This paper explores the difference between the way that the individual interacts with pro tanto principles and the way that public policy interacts with such a moral system. In the end, difficulties in public policy attempt to be resolved by using this framework.
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Pang, Mei-che. "From virtue to value : nursing ethics in modern China /." Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 1998. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B21021429.
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Baumann, John J. "The Ethics of Human Genetic Enhancement: Extending the Public Policy Debate." VCU Scholars Compass, 1999. http://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd/4348.
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Mammalian one—cell embryos can be genetically altered, implanted into the female's uterus, and subsequently develop into biologically mature organisms in the usual manner. If the resultant adult organisms reproduce, the genetic change may be passed on to future generations. In humans, the procedure is known alternatively as "human genetic engineering" or "human germline gene therapy." Bioethicists distinguish between genetic engineering intended for the prevention or treatment of disease ("treatment germline gene therapy") and genetic engineering intended for non—medical enhancement of certain characteristics ("enhancement germline gene therapy"). Human genetic engineering has the potential to effectively replace deleterious genes such as the gene for cystic fibrosis or sickle cell disease — with a normal gene. Thus, not only is disease avoided in the next generation, but all future generations are spared the effects of the disease—causing gene as well.
The current public policy consensus is that human genetic engineering, whether intended for treatment or enhancement, is ethically impermissible. The primary reason is that present genetic engineering technology carries an unacceptable level of risk for use in humans. There is, however, good reason to believe that genetic engineering will become acceptably safe for use in humans, thereby eliminating the major ethical barrier to the technology. In fact, several policy statements already have suggested that, once safe, treatment genetic engineering ought to be permitted while enhancement genetic engineering ought not to be permitted.
Part of the concern surrounding genetic enhancement is that bad consequences — such as morally objectionable eugenics practices — might ensue. But another objection is that human genetic enhancement is intrinsically problematic. In other words, at least very radical genetic enhancements violate what it is that makes human beings intrinsically valuable. Drawing on a Wittgensteinian view of human beings, the present work proposes a conception of ethically significant humanness — "human beingness" — that is potentially threatened by certain kinds or degrees of human genetic enhancement. The impact of human beingness on the future direction of human gene therapy policy, and in other policy areas, is discussed.
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Pang, Mei-che, and 彭美慈. "From virtue to value: nursing ethics in modern China." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1998. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B29812951.
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Inglis, Meera. "Killing for conservation : the ethics of life and death in conservation policy." Thesis, University of Sheffield, 2016. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/14413/.
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There has long been a divide between literature which focuses on the ethical aspects of wildlife conservation and that which deals with its practice. The split is particularly marked when it comes to practices which involve killing, such as hunting and culling. The aim of this thesis is to bridge that divide by creating a new framework, which can be used as a tool for resolving the conflicts of interests which arise when we consider killing one living thing in order to save another. I will argue that killing is only very rarely justified because it undermines the inherent value which exists in all individual living things. Not only is killing usually unethical, it is more often than not ecologically unsound. To demonstrate the veracity of my argument I will combine rigorous analyses of moral philosophy with knowledge gathered from the latest scientific findings on wildlife biology and behaviour. The first chapter of my thesis utilises these methods to show why the traditional, anthropocentric approaches to wildlife ethics are flawed and how this has led to ineffective policy creation and enforcement. The second and third chapters then set up my alternative framework, which I have termed ‘biospherical individualism’. I outline my philosophical arguments and then use these to construct a series of steps which can be used to answer the question: ‘is it morally permissible to kill X in order to protect Y?’ In the remaining chapters I present case studies to show how my framework can be put into practice. I look at the practice of population control, problems surrounding ‘invasive’ species and the ethics of medical testing to create vaccines for animals. Together, these cases highlight the ways in which our conservation policies have, to date, failed to recognise the inherent value of individual living things and how this has led to our failure to protect them. They also, however, demonstrate ways in which we can reconstruct wildlife policy to serve the interests of the plants and animals themselves and which could lead to more effective protection measures in the future.
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Palmour, Nicole. "Forensic applications of molecular genetics: ethics and law to inform policy issues." Thesis, McGill University, 2009. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=66662.
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Molecular analysis of DNA variation has usurped the place of all earlier technologies in forensic identification of victims and suspects alike. Although the field of ethics has made attempts to cope with the plethora of available genetic information, especially in clinical application, there has been little scrutiny of emerging ethical issues in the forensic domain. Legal scholarship highlights some aspects of the emerging issues, with particular relevance to the challenges faced in court and those regarding individual liberties. The overall objective of this thesis was to evaluate the scientific validity, ethical acceptability and legal accountability of the forensic applications of molecular genetics. In particular, contemporary science has allowed us to access information far beyond what was originally anticipated, such that trace DNA can be obtained trivially from any individual. As a consequence, the scope and composition of existing DNA banks far exceeds the legislative mandate. Chapter 1 reviews the current legal standards for evidence and assesses the level of exactitude necessary for forensic DNA testing to meet evidentiary standards. An evaluation of current practices in DNA banking revealed adequate informed consent practices; the need for a re-examination of access to public health samples with attention to local population interests and the necessity for developing standardized guidelines for banking practices and uniform quality assessment measures (Chapter 2). Comparing current forensic and genomic markers revealed similar concordance and discordance rates with a slight performance advantage towards the forensic markers. The results indicate that multiple runs are necessary to ensure reliability (Chapter 3). A significant ethical issue arises from the forensic practice of surreptitious DNA sampling. This lack of transparency violates autonomy, threatens the legitimacy of the State's int<br>L'analyse moléculaire des variations de l'ADN a supplanté toutes les technologies médicolégales antérieures d'identification des victimes et des suspects. Bien que le champ de l'éthique ait tenté de gérer la pléthore d'information génétique disponible, particulièrement dans les applications cliniques, il y a eu peu d'examen des enjeux éthiques émergeants dans le domaine médicolégal. La recherche juridique met en évidence certains aspects des enjeux émergeant avec une pertinence particulière pour les défis auxquels les tribunaux sont confrontés ainsi que les défis à l'égard des libertés individuelles.L'objectif général de cette thèse était d'évaluer la validité scientifique, l'acceptabilité éthique et la responsabilité légale dans les applications médicolégales de la génétique moléculaire. En particulier, la science contemporaine nous a permis d'accéder à des informations qui vont au-delà de ce qui était anticipé à l'origine si bien que des traces d'ADN peuvent être obtenues trivialement de tout individu. En conséquence, l'étendue et la composition des banques existantes d'ADN excèdent de loin le mandat législatif. Le premier chapitre revoit les standards légaux d'évidence et évalue le niveau d'exactitude nécessaire afin que les tests d'ADN médico-légaux rencontrent les standards d'évidence. Une évaluation des pratiques actuelles dans la mise en banque d'ADN a révélé des pratiques de consentement éclairé adéquate, le besoin de réexaminer l'accès aux échantillons de santé publique en portant l'attention aux intérêts des populations locales et la nécessité de développer des lignes directrices standardisées pour les pratiques de mise en banque et de mesures uniformes de l'évaluation de la qualité (chapitre 2). La comparaison des marqueurs médicolégaux actuels aux marqueurs génomiques a révélé des taux de concordance et de discord
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Gillespie, Al. "International environmental ethics : value and method in international environmental law and policy." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 1994. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.361026.
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Gomez, Angela. "Charitable Choice in Florida: The Politics, Ethics and Implications of Social Policy." Scholar Commons, 2003. https://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/1375.
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This dissertation research is a study of the anthropology of policy with welfare reform in general and charitable choice in particular as its focus. The study begins with the notion that policies work as instruments of governance and consequently have social and political implications. These policies are examined by exploring the manner in which Catholic Charities and policy makers in Florida are responding to the charitable choice mandate and how their views are shaping local policies.
The study is framed within anthropological principles pertaining to economic, humanistic and philosophical tenets. The study provides a historical background of poverty, the development of the welfare state in the United States as well as some of the social, economic, and political factors that shape social policies.
Data were collected through semi-structured interviews conducted with representatives from Catholic Charities, government agencies, legislative committees, and faith-based organizations, and through document reviews. Data were analyzed qualitatively and were managed using the software Atlas.ti. Analysis of the data show that while there is increased convergence between the state and faith-based organizations (FBOs), there is some hesitancy on the part of religious organizations to assume full responsibility for the poor, particularly without having any funding guarantees. The data also suggests that through the implementation of charitable choice religious organizations face the risk of becoming highly dependent on the state and therefore loose their voice and the possibility of lobbying for the poor. Furthermore, the data suggests that there are some aspects of the implementation of charitable choice that have not received congressional approval and may eventually jeopardize the entire faith-based initiative.