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1
Westgate, Barbara Frances. "Education law and policy." Thesis, Boston University, 2006. https://hdl.handle.net/2144/27795.
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Boston University. University Professors Program Senior theses.<br>PLEASE NOTE: Boston University Libraries did not receive an Authorization To Manage form for this thesis. It is therefore not openly accessible, though it may be available by request. If you are the author or principal advisor of this work and would like to request open access for it, please contact us at open-help@bu.edu. Thank you.<br>2031-01-02
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Allard, Frank Dennis. "Police probationer training : policy and practice an historical review." Thesis, University of Hull, 1997. http://hydra.hull.ac.uk/resources/hull:5383.
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The apparent lack of any previous work focusing on Police Probationer Training was the impetus behind this research. This very important area of police training is undergone by all officers and their probationary period lasts two years. Numerous reviews and amendments have taken place over the years but do not seem to have been documented in any structured way. The aim of this research was to discover how this training evolved, the reasons for change, and the way it has been implemented. Finally the present day system was examined in detail, compared with the experience of older officers and other systems. Method Obtaining the information has proved a task of detective work, examining numerous minutes, reports and documents produced within and without the police service. Field work was carried out throughout Lincolnshire Police and by visits to Ryton Police Training Centre and the central Planning Unit at Harrogate (now renamed as Training Support, Harrogate). Questionnaires were circulated to officers undergoing the training, officers who attended earlier courses and the trainers themselves. These were followed up by selected interviews. Training delivery was witnessed at Ryton Police Training Centre and within the Lincolnshire Force. Conclusions The results of this research indicate that the training given to initial recruits within the police service is as good as it has ever been. It is, however, cost led and, although the two year probationary period is somewhat euphemistically referred to as a training period, it is much more beside as, once the foundation course of 31 weeks is completed, probationers become a resource deployed in much the same way as their experienced colleagues. The post foundation phase of training is delivered in force with little or no central control and consequently the standard of training is not consistent. The thesis traces the development but, owing to lack of access to, or simply nonexistence, of some documents it cannot be claimed to be absolutely complete.
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Arroyo, Tiffany L. "Laura's law| A policy analysis." Thesis, California State University, Long Beach, 2015. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=1586845.
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<p> The purpose of this project was to analyze Assembly Bill 1421, known as Laura's Law, from a social work perspective of recovery-oriented care. Gil's framework was used to assess primary and secondary data from journal articles, government publications, and law reviews. A review of the literature was conducted to understand the historical background of coercive mental health treatment. Coercive treatment has been a pervasive problem generated from public fear and misconceptions about the association between mental illness and danger. Laura's Law was established as a result of the murder of 19 year-old Laura Wilcox by an individual with serious mental illness. The law's primary stated objective was to provide preventative mental health services to those identified as most in need before tragedy struck. Significant shortcomings were discovered within the analysis and alternatives to this policy are suggested as well as the implications for social work policy and practice.</p>
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Padget, Steven A. "Issues in space law and policy." Thesis, Monterey, Calif. : Springfield, Va. : Naval Postgraduate School ; Available from National Technical Information Service, 1996. http://handle.dtic.mil/100.2/ADA324018.
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Thesis (M.S. in Systems Technology (Space Systems Operations)) Naval Postgraduate School, December 1996.<br>Thesis advisor(s): Dan C. Boger. "December 1996." Includes bibliographical references (p. 125-126). Also available online.
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Ruhl, J. B. "The law and policy of ecosystem services /." Available to subscribers only, 2006. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1196405001&sid=6&Fmt=2&clientId=1509&RQT=309&VName=PQD.
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Ball, Sally. "European Community vocational training law and policy." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.365605.
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Romson, Åsa. "Environmental Policy Space and International Investment Law." Doctoral thesis, Stockholms universitet, Juridiska institutionen, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-74521.
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This dissertation analyses the implications of international investment law on host states’ legal ability to protect the environment, regulate sustainable use of natural resources, and develop new approaches to manage environmental risks and uncertainties. ‘Environmental policy space’ is found to be a useful term when exploring the regulatory autonomy in this context. On one hand, investment law aims to ensure stability of the investment environment. On the other hand, environmental law needs flexibility to react to the degradation of the environment. It is found that those different aims do not have to be in conflict. There are useful mechanisms in national environmental law which provide for accessible, transparent and predictable decisions for the private actor. These mechanisms can fulfill the aim of stability in investment law. It is, however, concluded that core provisions of international investment treaties risk to put constraints to environmental law in a variety of ways. To diminish these risks, states, when concluding investment treaties, should make clear that constraining environmental regulation is not compatible with the overarching aim of sustainable development. Furthermore, the interpretation of provisions of investment protection must respect principles and instruments of environmental law not to continue being unbalanced towards investor interests. It is also concluded that allowing for investor – state arbitration, without the investor exhausting local remedies, will ignore the important national administrative review system of public environmental measures.
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Dabbah, Maher. "Building global antitrust policy : law and politics." Thesis, King's College London (University of London), 2001. https://kclpure.kcl.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/building-global-antitrust-policy--law-and-politics(d5c2ecd1-9495-49f4-89d9-340b2c83e39f).html.
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Sanchez, Jennifer C. "Seth's Law of 2012| A Policy Analysis." Thesis, California State University, Long Beach, 2018. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10785904.
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<p> The purpose of this study was to conduct a policy analysis of Seth’s Law 2012. Bullying on school campuses is a severe and pervasive problem that has been shown to cause detrimental risk factors and negative outcomes for many LGBTQ youth. This study utilized a qualitative design, collecting data from primary and secondary sources that addressed this legislation. Results indicate that LGBTQ youth are bullied at higher rates than heterosexual youth. Additionally, the results indicated that stricter anti-bullying legislation that holds the Department of Education and its school districts accountable for following such laws is needed. Implications for social work practice, policy, and research were discussed.</p><p>
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COSSU, ROBERTA. "Current challenges to competition law and policy." Doctoral thesis, Luiss Guido Carli, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/11385/200985.
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1. Slide-to-unlock competition in high-tech markets: the need of rethinking IPRs in the digital revolution era. 2.
European Banking Union: are the recent single banking supervision and resolution truly European? Lessons from the application of state aid rules on financial institutions. 3. The curious case of umbrella claims between economic analysis and the arduous emergence of a European private law.
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Zamboni, Mauro. "The policy of law : a legal theoretical framework /." Stockholm : Stockholms universitet, 2004. http://www.diva-portal.org/su/theses/abstract.xsql?dbid=220&lang=en.
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Berger, Maurits Servaas. "Sharia and public policy in Egyptian family law." [S.l. : Amsterdam : s.n.] ; Universiteit van Amsterdam [Host], 2005. http://dare.uva.nl/document/89007.
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Zhang, Xin. "International trade regulation in China : law and policy /." Oxford [u.a.] : Hart Publ, 2006. http://www.gbv.de/dms/spk/sbb/recht/toc/513053670.pdf.
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Young, Andrew J. 1960. "Law and policy in the Space Stations' Era." Thesis, McGill University, 1987. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=76750.
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Space stations represent a watershed in man's exploitation and utilization of the space milieu. The several factors of: array of hardware; proliferation of space capability; constant presence of man in orbit; variety of activities; and multiplicity of participants, all coalesce to create an unprecedented era in man's conquest of space.<br>In addition to these scientific and technological developments, this thesis addresses the policy implications for all the current participants in the Space Stations' Era. This is then applied to the US/International Space Station project to assess the legal implications which this precedental co-operative venture provokes. Thus, the status of the co-operative instrument, structures for the efficient management of the project and the commercial law applicable to the venture are all dealt with.<br>The shift of focus from the specific to the general is completed through a treatment of the military realities of space station utilization, the protection of the environment through the medium of the NPS issue, and the operation of global space law in this era as exemplified by the Registration Convention. The thesis concludes with a call for patience, foresight and vigilance to ensure and promote space democratization to the betterment of mankind.
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Kuyon, Naigow. "The Policy of Decentralization in the Mano River Region." Thesis, Walden University, 2018. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10825418.
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<p> Decentralization policy is advanced in many regions as a collaborative approach to regional stability, economic and political development, and poverty reduction. However, there is not a valid decentralization policy in the Mano River Region (MRR) countries of West Africa despite the presence of multinational institutions and United Nations Peacekeeping forces. The purpose of this qualitative, phenomenological case study was to use the sequential theory of decentralization to investigate why peace and stability in the MRR are still fragile. The primary research question concerned how the policy of decentralization implementation in MRR can significantly contribute to regional stability, enhance economic development, reduce poverty, and minimize corruption in the MRR. Data were collected from 64 participants, through the use of semi-structured, in-depth interview techniques. A consent authorization of participants allowed the collection of the data. The analysis of data involved, identifying categories of responses and answers to classify them in phases based on responses answers to questions. According to study findings, decentralization policy was perceived to be a positive concept that promotes good governance, regional stability, economic development, poverty reduction, and minimization of corruption; however, there was little knowledge and implementation on decentralization in the MRR or among participants’ native countries. An educational program on the successes of decentralization policy implementation is recommended. Outcomes from this research may serve as a point for social change by providing a model understanding of peace and stability in the MRR and similar areas.</p><p>
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Light, Roy Alan. "Legal policy and the drinking driver." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1992. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.357734.
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Conde, e. Silva Gui J. "Transnational public policy in international arbitration." Thesis, Queen Mary, University of London, 2007. http://qmro.qmul.ac.uk/xmlui/handle/123456789/1717.
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Arbitration tribunals rely on public policy principles to exclude or determine the applicable law. At times, the notion of public policy will contain fundamental yardsticks recognised by the world community at large. In such cases public policy may be called transnational or truly international. The thesis expounds the notion and content of transnational public policy as applied by international tribunals. This objective is met by exploring the method, functions and purpose of transnational public policy in international arbitration. The opening chapter sheds light on the origins and concept of public policy and the different levels it has been applied by international tribunals and national courts. It suggests a criteria for the distinction between domestic, domestic-international, regional and transnational public policy. The thesis then gives an in depth analysis of the origins and notion of transnational public policy. It suggests that international tribunals have relied on transnational public policy in their awards and proposes a method to determine its content and sources. Such method is then applied to deduct the content of transnational public policy from decided arbitration awards. The thesis shows that transnational public policy can be relevant at three different stages in international arbitration. At the outset of the proceeding, where the arbitrators determine their jurisdiction; during the arbitration, where it controls the procedure applicable in the arbitration; or at the stage of drafting the final award, where it determines fundamental substantive rules relied upon by the tribunal.
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Mitchell, David Hermann Margaret G. "Making foreign policy Presidential management, advisors and the foreign policy decision-making process /." Related electronic resource: Current Research at SU : database of SU dissertations, recent titles available full text, 2004. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/syr/main.
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Hrle, Jelena. "International arbitration and competition law." Thesis, McGill University, 1999. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=30305.
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Arbitrating of competition law claims has generated a substantial tension between the policies served by promoting international arbitration and those protected by the national competition law. Despite the legal tension and unpredictability associated with arbitrating competition law issues, the arbitrator should, in principle, resolve such issues. This study analyses the main concerns when arbitrating competition law issues, such as jurisdiction, choice of law and, in particular, the position of national jurisdiction regarding the enforcement of the award conflicting national competition law.<br>This study proposes the functional approach to choice of law problems according to which the arbitrator will decide on the applicable competition law bearing in mind the content of mandatory norm, its connection with a dispute and the consequences of its application and non-application. In that regard, this thesis will examine how an arbitrator should address the extraterritorial effect of the competition law. The study will suggest that if the competition law policies of states connected with a dispute serve opposing and conflicting goals, the arbitrator should, in order to preserve his/her neutral function refuse to decide whose competition policy is "better" and should consequently decline jurisdiction.
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Zagalski, Cezar. "The courts and public policy : towards more effective judicial policy-making." Thesis, McGill University, 1992. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=61126.
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The Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms has significantly changed the functions of the Canadian courts. Ever since its entrenchment in 1982, the third branch of government has enjoyed a powerful status in the Canadian polity. Countless Charter decisions, affecting the lives of all Canadians, have been rendered. The courts have been asked to rule on cruise missile testing, abortion, aboriginal rights, minority language rights and a whole range of other issues of a political, economic or social nature. Our political system, whose traditional foundations lay in the principle of parliamentary supremacy, has become one of constitutional supremacy. The new and powerful status of the nonelected judiciary has raised serious questions not only regarding the legitimacy of judicial review under the Charter but also the institutional capacity of the courts to face the Charter challenge. The author examines the nature of the judiciary's policy-making function under the Charter in order to determine the extent to which the courts are equipped to fulfil their task. The thesis suggests that in order to face the Charter challenge effectively, the courts can no longer operate within the framework of the traditional adversary process. Instead, the courts must constantly look to the prevailing values in our society as well as examine thoroughly social and scientific phenomena before rendering an "informed" policy decision. This can only be achieved through a coherent framework of Charter analysis and effective ways in handling extrinsic materials. The focus of the present paper is on section 1 of the Charter which, due to its open-ended language, most clearly invites courts to make policy-type decision.
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Loken, Zach. "Law Enforcement Seat Belt Use: Impact of Policy and Phenomena on Use." ScholarWorks, 2019. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/7402.
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Studies show that seat belt use by law enforcement officers is estimated to be at 50%, well below the national average. The purpose of this study was to explore what may be leading to reduced seat belt use by law enforcement patrol officers while also determining if different types of policies effect the level of seat belt usage by this population. The theoretical framework used in this study was Shafritz, Ott and Jang's theory of organizational culture and change. This quantitative study was conducted using a casual, quasi-experimental design; the research questions focused on understanding what phenomena may be occurring resulting in the lower seat belts by U.S. police patrol officers and what types of policies are resulting in increased seat belt usage by this population. Participants in this research consisted of 38 officers from police departments with patrol divisions. These departments were selected from the Phoenix Metropolitan Area. The research indicated that officers may have false perceptions in regard to seat belt use. Trainings should be delivered to debunk some of these myths while also providing practical seat belt use training. The results of this study can be used to develop better policies to increase seat belt usage by law enforcement officers, which would likely reduce the injuries and death as a result of auto accidents. Decreased injuries and deaths of law enforcement officers would lead to decreased insurance and workers' compensation claims that would reduce the tax and financial burden faced by citizens and jurisdictions.
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Fleming, M. W. A. "Price discrimination law : developing a policy for New Zealand." Thesis, University of Canterbury. Accounting and Information Systems, 1985. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/2736.
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The purpose of this thesis is to develop a policy towards anticompetitive
price discrimination in New Zealand. Price discrimination
occurs where the ratio of price to cost in two sales differs.
Legislation against price discrimination may be enacted as part
of our Competition Law, a set of laws designed to promote efficiency and
competition in industry and commerce.
The first section of this thesis examines the economics of price
discrimination and its effects on efficiency, income distribution and
competition. We conclude that the effects are ambiguous and depend
upon the circumstances in which the discrimination is practiced. However
we conclude that systematic price discrimination can be harmful to
competition, whilst unsystematic price discrimination can promote
competition and that there are a priori grounds for anti-price
discrimination legislation.
The second section examines specific approaches taken to price
discrimination legislation. Particular emphasis is placed on the U.S.
Robinson-Patman Act which is one of the most extensively litigated price
discrimination laws in the world. A review of the implementation of this
Act shows that it has failed to promote competition or increase
efficiency. In fact, it has done more to inhibit these goals than
promote them. We conclude that there are conceptual problems with antiprice
discrimination legislation and this conclusion is reinforced by a
study of the Australian price discrimination law. We therefore examine
the conceptual framework in which price discrimination is controlled in
other developed countries such as the United Kingdom, Canada, Eire,
France, West Germany and the EEC. We conclude generally that price
discrimination is a problem of monopoly and should be treated as such. The final part of this thesis reviews price discrimination law in
New zealand and suggests a policy that would align the Commerce Act with
our conclusion that legislation against price discrimination is
undesirable.
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Friend, Alan. "The merger law and policy of the European Community." Thesis, University of Glasgow, 1992. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.242975.
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Li, William (William Pui Lum). "Language technologies for understanding law, politics, and public policy." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/103673.
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Thesis: Ph. D., Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, 2016.<br>This electronic version was submitted by the student author. The certified thesis is available in the Institute Archives and Special Collections.<br>Cataloged from student-submitted PDF version of thesis.<br>Includes bibliographical references (pages 205-209).<br>This thesis focuses on the development of machine learning and natural language processing methods and their application to large, text-based open government datasets. We focus on models that uncover patterns and insights by inferring the origins of legal and political texts, with a particular emphasis on identifying text reuse and text similarity in these document collections. First, we present an authorship attribution model on unsigned U.S. Supreme Court opinions, offering insights into the authorship of important cases and the dynamics of Supreme Court decision-making. Second, we apply software engineering metrics to analyze the complexity of the United States Code of Laws, thereby illustrating the structure and evolution of the U.S. Code over the past century. Third, we trace policy trajectories of legislative bills in the United States Congress, enabling us to visualize the contents of four key bills during the Financial Crisis. These applications on diverse open government datasets reveal that text reuse occurs widely in legal and political texts: similar ideas often repeat in the same corpus, different historical versions of documents are usually quite similar, or legitimate reasons for copying or borrowing text may exist. Motivated by this observation, we present a novel statistical text model, Probabilistic Text Reuse (PTR), for finding repeated passages of text in large document collections. We illustrate the utility of PTR by finding template ideas, less-common voices, and insights into document structure in a large collection of public comments on regulations proposed by the U.S. Federal Communications Commission (FCC) on net neutrality. These techniques aim to help citizens better understand political processes and help governments better understand political speech.<br>by William P. Li.<br>Ph. D.
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Obore, Caroline Agonzibwa. "Legal and policy implications of Uganda's social security law." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/14965.
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Includes bibliographical references (leaves 73-78).<br>Social security is an expression of social solidarity and an attempt to curb the ills of exclusion and poverty. The welfare state was premised on this very ideal of social solidarity. As a result of the changed and changing times, the welfare state which has now come to be known as social security is under siege by several forces unique to individual states. For this reason, social security is an area of rich diversity and the challenges facing social security are not homogenous. Whereas for rich and industrialized countries social security is very meaningful, for most of Sub Saharan Africa it is an abstract and relatively novel concept. The Universal Declaration for the Rights of man, to which every country should aspire and to which most, if not all, constitutions are modeled provides for the right to social security. Whereas the declaration implies that social security is an inalienable right, the definition of social security or 'western notion of social security' adopted by most countries with a semblance of social security eliminates the vast majority of people namely; those in the informal sector, the poor and those in the rural areas. Studies of social security advance the theory-that the conventional definition of social security is not adequate for the African continent because formal social security schemes were introduced in Africa during the colonial era as a response to the social security needs of expatriate white workers. In Uganda, formal social security caters for less than 20 per cent of the population leaving the rest to harness any other means possible to maintain subsistence and a level of sanity. The needs envisaged by traditional formal social security are not the needs an ordinary Ugandan today faces. As a result of this disparity, there has been and there continues to be out cries to reform a system that government has been reluctant to change much because of the multi-faceted and overwhelming social demands. The cliché that 'a drowning man clutches at a straw' could not be put better: Africans do not give up; we simply make the most of what we have.
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Earle, Murray. "Judicial policy in the common law of informed consent." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/22173.
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This thesis has entailed an investigation into the common law of informed consent to medical procedures among competent adults. This fails within the law of delict in Scotland and South Africa and within the law of torts in England, Canada, Australia and the United States of America. These six jurisdictions comprise the countries whose common law has been deconstructed by this thesis. This deconstruction was done with the aim of highlighting those points in the law of negligence, delict and/or torts at which policy is made or enforced in favour of the patient, the medical practitioner or indeed in favour of compromise. The thesis begins by considering the nature of the relationship between the doctor and the patient - the parties who will later become the defender/defendant and the pursuer/plaintiff in law. The thesis then follows two routes concurrently. The sequence of chapters has followed the judicial inquiry into informed consent. Accordingly, it begins with a <i>choice of laws </i>issue: into which category of law will the <i>informed consent scenario</i> fall. Having concluded that any action lies primarily within the law of negligence, the route of that particular judicial inquiry has been followed. Chapters which follow cover the issues of the standard of care, the breach of the duty and causation, before moving on to consider the weight given to medical and lay evidence at each stage of that judicial inquiry. At each stage the different judicial tests and standards of the jurisdictions have been compared and contrasted. Within each chapter, another route has been followed. This has been coined the <i>geochronological</i> <i>route</i> because through time the <i>doctrine</i> of informed consent has traversed the globe from America, through Canada, Australia and South Africa, but has not found sanctuary in either England or Scotland. This leads us to the penultimate chapter in which we pose the question 'Informed Consent: <i>Quo Vadis?</i>' This chapter concludes that there are several routes to the adoption of consent <i>principles</i> in the United Kingdom, but none of these will lead to the adoption of the <i>doctrine </i>of informed consent. This is because of the security of the judicial tests in the <i>Bolam </i>and<i> Hunter v Hanley </i>cases. From a comparison throughout the thesis to alternative standards and tests outwith the United Kingdom, the concluding chapter comes out in support of these tests as <i>able </i>to reflect patients' interests because together they constitute a floating benchmark. This is possible precisely <i>because of </i>the operation of judicial policy within the common law of informed consent.
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Ramirez, Carolina. "A Policy Analysis| Assembly Bill 1421 or Laura's Law." Thesis, California State University, Long Beach, 2017. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10264696.
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<p> The purpose of this thesis is to offer a policy analysis of Laura’s Law. This analysis presented a background on the history of mental illness in order for the reader to have an understanding of the events leading up to Laura’s Law legislation. The analysis addressed the intention, objectives, values, effects, and expectations of the policy. David Gil’s (1992) analytic framework was utilized to assess this policy. </p><p> It was found that although the intention behind Laura’s Law is to maintain the safety and health of the community, it is ineffective in its function. Furthermore, the implementation of AOT programs can negatively affect other programs already in place by taking away their funding. To conclude, this analysis offers possible alternatives to provide more effective and efficient mental health treatment.</p><p>
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MacPherson, Paula A. "Legitimate expectation and its application to administrative policy." Thesis, University of Ottawa (Canada), 1995. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/10895.
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Kanan, Jean. "American foreign policy and Israel, why and how policy decisions are made." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp05/mq21993.pdf.
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Piraino, Peter Thomas. "Pre-employment Polygraphs and Ohio Law Enforcement Officers' Perceptions of Police Misconduct." ScholarWorks, 2017. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/4246.
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Despite convincing evidence of the polygraph instrument's lack of scientific validity and reliability in assessing deceptiveness in individuals, public-sector organizations in the United States continue to use the polygraph examination as a pre-employment screening tool. In addition to its lack of acceptance in the scientific community, little is known about the effectiveness of polygraph examinations, given as part of pre-employment screening, in predicting future misconduct in law enforcement officers. Two theoretical frameworks, Baumgartner and Jones' punctuated equilibrium model of policy change and Alvesson and Spicer's theory of functional stupidity, provided the theoretical foundation for this study. The purpose of this correlational study was to investigate the relationship between use of the pre-employment polygraph and officers' perceptions of police misconduct, which is a suspected precursor to actual future misconduct. Survey data were acquired through a convenience sample of 190 Ohio police officers. Data were analyzed using logistic regression. Findings revealed no statistically significant relationship between the pre-employment polygraph examination and officers' perceptions of police misconduct. The findings of this study begin to erode conventional thought that there are only positive aspects of the pre-employment polygraph. Law enforcement leaders and public policy makers such as police chiefs, county sheriffs, and local government administrators may benefit from this study. As a potential for positive social change, this study provides public policy makers with empirical data, as opposed to reliance on conventional wisdom and anecdotal evidence, for informed decision making about use of the pre-employment polygraph in public-sector hiring.
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Baker, Howard A. "Space debris : legal and policy implications." Thesis, McGill University, 1988. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=61730.
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McKenna, Donelle. "Experiences of Youth Recreation Sport Organizations' Administrators with Implementation of Maryland Concussion Law." ScholarWorks, 2015. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/1590.
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Experiences of Youth Recreation Sport Organizations' Administrators with Implementation of Maryland Concussion Law
by
Donelle Damali Ainsworth-McKenna
MHSA, The George Washington University, 2004
BS, Morgan State University, 2000
Dissertation Submitted in Partial Fulfillment
of the Requirements for the Degree of
Doctor of Philosophy
Health Services
Walden University
September 2015
There have been statewide concussion policies implemented in all 50 states and the District of Columbia to address the problem of sports-related concussions in youth athletes. The efforts to implement the requirements of these laws have mainly focused on high school athletics, despite evidence that pre-high school youth athletes who participate in organized community sports through recreation sport organizations are sustaining concussions at a similar rate as high school athletes. Thus, this study explored the implementation of the Maryland concussion law in youth sports recreation organizations in Laurel, Maryland that serve pre-high school youth athletes aged 5-14 years. A qualitative approach was utilized to conduct this study. Administrators of such youth sports and recreation organizations were interviewed to answer the central research question about how the Maryland concussion law is being implemented in youth sport recreation organizations in the state. The diffusion of innovations theory was the theoretical framework used to guide this study as well as to explore barriers to and facilitators of implementing this policy. NVivo software was used to analyze the data, and the results identified concussion training, guidelines, resources, and policing as integral to implementation of the policy. These findings can be used to inform policies, implementation, and best practices for this policy. Thus the individual and community implications for positive social change include behavior change to prevent, identify, and manage concussions in youth athletes to reduce the potential impact of concussions in youth athletes.
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Davie, Michael James. "An examination of policy-orientated choice of law theory with particular reference to family law matters." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1991. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.334045.
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Mancero-Bucheli, Gabriela. "Competition law and policy in the Andean community and its member states : an EC law perspective." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.621790.
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Johnson, Taylon M. "Autism Policy: State and National Legislation Analysis." Scholarship @ Claremont, 2012. http://scholarship.claremont.edu/cmc_theses/278.
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This research thesis is a policy assessment of the factors that contribute to the current status in treating autism. The policy assessment begins with a description of the key components that that influence policy outcomes in regard to autism.
After developing a policy model that outlines various components of issues and approaches to the policy has on Autism, the paper examines several issues with regard to Autism policy, including the lack of insurance coverage, state legislation, waiting lists, evidence vs. non evidence treatments, and the high price for treatments. The paper also examines current approaches to Autism, and potential solutions. Solution analysis on current policy alternatives is provided and, this suggests that increasing knowledge and awareness of the affects of autism on society needs further attention along with proper funding for early treatment.
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Tang, Tat Weng. "EC competition law and policy and its implications for China." Thesis, University of Macau, 2008. http://umaclib3.umac.mo/record=b1951108.
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Sidorenko, Olga Ferguson. "European asylum law and policy the EU and Slovak perspectives /." [S.l. : Rotterdam : s.n.] ; Erasmus University Rotterdam [Host], 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/1765/7334.
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Dogaheh, Kamal Javadi. "Integrating energy into the world trading system : law and policy." Thesis, University of Warwick, 2007. http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/2429/.
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Energy is required to manufacture a good or create a service and the energy sector is the backbone of every economy. Until recently, governments worldwide have considered the energy sector too cmcial to be left to market forces. Accordingly, energy markets have been fragmented and segmented into national and highly protected markets. Likewise, international trade in energy has traditionally been synonymous with petroleum trade, which in turn has been effectively regulated by the Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC), outside the reach of the multilateral trading system. However, the past two decades have seen the emergence of a trend towards the introduction of the trade discourse into the energy sector. This trend has two main components. The first component has its roots in the efforts made at the bilateral, regional, and international levels to impose GATT-type and even GATT-plus disciplines on energy trade. In this regard, mention may be made of the Canada-United States Free Trade Agreement, the NAFTA agreement, and the Energy Charter Treaty. The second component, initially originated at the national level, has been the deregulation movement, namely reforming the electricity and natural gas industries. As a result of this policy shift, the electricity and national gas industries have been evolving from monopolistic into competitive industries with increasing numbers and types of participants. Accordingly, trade in electricity and gas is a new dimension of trade in energy, which is particularly relevant to the trade in services debate. It should be noted, however, that the GATS ongoing energy services negotiations also include the liberalization of oil and gas field services, which are related to the upstream segment of the oil and natural gas industries. Two WTO agreements, namely the GATT and the GATS, are of particular importance in analysing these components. Furthermore, in order to give the full picture of the current energy trade debate, the dual pricing debate and the relevant developments of the Subsidies and Countervailing Measures Agreement and their potential implications for trade in energy-intensive products should also be examined. The purpose of this study is to explore in extensive detail the two aforementioned components that shape the current energy debate. It is aimed at analysing the relationship between these components in the context of the energy trade discourse. The overall aim is to provide a better understanding of the processes and trends relating to this complex, multidimensional and dynamic subject and to identify how and to what extent trade in energy is integrated into the world trading system. Some tentative observations are also made with the desire to point towards the next steps.
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Tan, Yvette S. "Public Policy in Adult Relationships in English Private International Law." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2010. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.532232.
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Spano, Alessandro. "Competition law and policy in contemporary China : some critical issues." Thesis, King's College London (University of London), 2013. https://kclpure.kcl.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/competition-law-and-policy-in-contemporary-china(e944236c-7d1b-471b-b018-490ce695b59f).html.
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Since the beginning of the process of economic reform and the introduction of the “Open Door Policy” in 1978, the People’s Republic of China has made remarkable progress in introducing competition to most sectors of its economy. Furthermore, during this transitional period, the enactment of industrial policies and foreign direct investment have played a key role in reshaping Chinese industrial structure and favouring the development of competition policy and law. After more than a decade of debates and drafting, on 30 August 2007, China adopted the Anti-Monopoly Law (hereinafter, “AML”), which represents the first comprehensive code in the field of competition law in the country. Competition law reforms in China and, in particular, the enactment of the AML, have been the subject of intense scholarly interest both in China and the West. Most early works of China’s AML focused on the historical review of the evolution of competition law in China, on the analysis of the legal provisions of the AML and speculations about its effectiveness. This PhD thesis will revisit these arguments and will attempt to tackle some further empirical and theoretical questions left hitherto unanswered. What sort of competition law have Chinese policymakers intended to create? What is the relationship between competition policy and other governmental policies? What purposes are served by enforcing competition law? And, finally, what is the status of competition law in China’s socialist market economy, both ideologically and practically? These questions will be answered by focusing on specific issues such as: merger policy and practice, administrative monopolies and State-owned enterprises, which are all particularly significant to understand how competition law functions in contemporary China.
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Forrest-Lawrence, Pota. "Media, Policy and the Law: The Case of Crystal Methamphetamine." Thesis, The University of Sydney, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/15759.
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Crystal methamphetamine has been constructed by Australian media as the most dangerous illicit drug of the twenty-first century. Such representations, so readily available in print media commentary, have transformed the image of the drug from relative obscurity to a drug worse than heroin and a modern-day folk devil. Media calls for swift and urgent political action to address the methamphetamine problem have urged policymakers to respond to this ‘national drug threat’. This thesis explores the media construction of crystal methamphetamine, its users, manufacturers, importers and those who policed them over the period 2000-2009. It examines whether, and if so, to what extent, media have contributed to the development of illicit drug policies and legislation during this period. The state of NSW was selected as a case study for this analysis. A total of 433 print media articles and six methamphetamine-related policies and laws were subject to a discourse analysis. It is argued that media created a ‘new ice risk’ that encouraged punitive policy making. The research reveals that the media response to the drug during this period drew on law enforcement, public health and government discourses. Embedded within this media response were competing and contradictory discourses of the ‘methamphetamine user’, ‘the enforcers’ and ‘the folk devil drug’ and their respective discourse strands. These discourses and strands, fuelled by dramatic metaphors, research evidence and expert commentary, contributed to a media narrative that presented the public and policymakers with an image of a risky and dangerous drug. Through the convergence of these discourses, a ‘new ice risk’ was created that became part of the larger risk environment. This ‘risk’ fed off a ‘culture of control’ that had developed in government responses to problematic social issues. Media and policymakers thus worked together to produce a punitive response to a drug purported to be a major threat to society.
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LEAL, ARCAS Rafael. "Theory and practice of EC external trade law and policy." Doctoral thesis, European University Institute, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1814/13171.
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Defence date: 11 March 2008<br>Examining board: Prof. Bruno De Witte, European University Institute (Supervisor) ; Prof. Francesca Martines, Faculty of Economics, University of Pisa ; Prof. Petros C. Mavroidis, Columbia Law School, NY and University of Neuchâtel ; Prof. Ernst-Ulrich Petersmann, European University Institute<br>PDF of thesis uploaded from the Library digital archive of EUI PhD theses<br>Both the European Community (EC) and its Member States agree that it is in their best interest to coordinate their action vis-à-vis the rest of the world in international trade agreements. Theory and Practice of EC External Trade Law and Policy looks at the intricacies of the institutional framework of EC trade law, and with special emphasis on services trade, examines the law and practice of EC external trade relations from a policy, economic, legal and an overarching European constitutional perspective. The objective of the author’s analysis is not only to find ways to nurture and preserve the unitary character of EC external trade relations in areas of shared competence between EU Member States and EU institutions, but also to understand the management of the EC’s external trade relations. The book begins with an analysis of the evolution of the EC common commercial policy, through which the author examines the checks and balances at the micro, meso and macro levels. The author then proceeds to analyse the problems faced by the EU in its external relations and the legal complexity of mixed agreements. This unique legal phenomenon is tackled from an intra-EC perspective as well as from an extra-EU perspective taking into account various implications for third parties. The major EU institutions are examined: the Commission as the negotiator of international trade agreements, the role of the EU Council and the European Parliament in concluding and ratifying of agreements and the European Court of Justice in relation to judicial enforcement. The EU’s decision-making process in the trade arena and its relation with national institutions are examined. The book concludes with an analysis of the EC’s contribution to the Doha Round in the area of services trade.
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Ellis, Jaye. "Soft law as topos : the role of principles of soft law in the development of international environmental law." Thesis, McGill University, 2001. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=37857.
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This dissertation addresses the impact of principles of soft law on the development of international regimes for environmental protection. It focuses on three such principles that have attracted a certain degree of consensus in international environmental law and are therefore influential in international environmental regimes: namely, the principle of common but differentiated obligations; the principle of common heritage of mankind and its corollary, the principle of common concern of humankind; and the precautionary principle. The regimes analysed are the Antarctic regime, the regime for control of trade in endangered species, the regime for protection of the stratospheric ozone layer, and the emerging regime governing conservation and management of straddling fish stocks. It is argued that these principles influence normative development in international environmental regimes through processes of discourse in which participants, both state and non-state actors, seek to determine the rules by which their mutual relations will be governed and their common interests protected. Such discourse also connects the evolution of legal rules with a broader set of concerns relating to the interest of human communities in achieving a certain level of environmental protection. In this respect, the legal rules may be contemplated within a moral framework in which members of international society seek to determine what they ought to do with respect to global environmental protection.
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Kent, Avidan. "International competition policy and the WTO: Future Pathways." Thesis, McGill University, 2009. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=67049.
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Abstract The process of globalization is changing the world's economic structure as economic borders between countries are being diminished in favour of the creation of a new global market. It seems though that, at least at some fields, this process lacks international thinking. Competition regulation is an example of a field in which international thinking is currently lacking. This paper focuses on the deficiencies that the lack of competition policy creates for international trade, and the obstacles to the acceptance of a competition policy. This paper also examines structural and legislative issues with regard to international competition policy. In this paper, the author aspires to provide a pragmatic breakthrough for this deadlocked situation. Thus several suggestions are proposed on both the legislative and the judicial levels.<br>RésuméLe phénomène de la globalisation occasionne une transformation de la structure économique mondiale en cette ère où les frontières entre les pays sont abolies en faveur de la création d'un nouveau marché global. Il semble cependant, a tout le moins sous certains aspects, que ce processus souffre d'un manque de réflexion à l'échelle internationale. L'encadrement légal de la concurrence constitue l'un de ces aspects.Cette thèse s'intéresse aux carences que l'absence d'une politique de réglementation de la concurrence occasionne sur le marché international ainsi qu'aux obstacles à franchir pour la mise en place d'une telle réglementation. Les questions structurelles et législatives à l'égard de la politique de concurrence internationale seront également étudiées. L'auteur aspire à fournir une solution pragmatique à cette impasse. Aussi, plusieurs solutions seront proposées aussi bien sur le plan législatif que sur le plan judiciaire.
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Burke, Matthew Ridgeway. "Stress Preparedness for Law Enforcement Officers via Academic Training." ScholarWorks, 2019. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/6309.
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Most law enforcement officers experience a traumatic event within the first 3 years of duty but may not receive proper mental health training in the police academy to prepare them for a career in law enforcement, and little is understood about police academy training regarding mental health. Using secondary traumatic stress (STS) as a conceptual framework, the purpose of this qualitative study was to understand the perspective of law officers on the usefulness of academy training to prevent or manage mental health issues that may arise from law enforcement duty. Data were collected from 35 law enforcement officers in a Southern state through an online, qualitative survey. These data were inductively coded and subjected to a thematic analysis procedure. Findings indicate that both STS and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) are shunned topics in the law enforcement community. Additionally, respondents perceived that reconstructing police academy training manuals to include personal stress management and increasing awareness of STS may better protect law enforcement officers and enhance community relations while providing a more sustainable police force. The positive social change implications of this study include recommendations to police academies to include mental health training and preparation as part of early academy training to promote better mental health among police officers and reduce the negative effects of STS and PTSD.
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Cheung, Kwok-fu. "A study of copyright protection policy and the effectiveness of anti-piracy law enforcement in Hong Kong." Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 1989. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B31975720.
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Matthews, Rachel. "When Politics Rule Policy: The Role of Discursive Politics in Wisconsin's Photo Identification Law." Scholarship @ Claremont, 2018. http://scholarship.claremont.edu/scripps_theses/1211.
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Few policies carry more controversy than voter photo identification requirements. First passed in 2003, these laws require voters to present government-issued ID’s, such as a driver’s license, state identification card, military ID, or qualifying student ID. This paper examines the discursive politics in Wisconsin’s photo ID, seeking to understand how state policymakers justified the law against accusations of voter suppression. Put broadly, this paper seeks to understand the intersection of politics and policy, exploring how irrational policies are formed, implemented, and evaluated.
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Enonchong, Nelson Egbe. "Ordre public and public policy in French and English law : a study in contract and conflict of laws." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1992. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.260607.
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Law, Julie Catherine. "A national investigation of domestic violence policy in the United States /." The Ohio State University, 2000. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1488193665237375.
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OTERO, FERNÁNDEZ Irene. "Multilingualism and the meaning of EU law." Doctoral thesis, European University Institute, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/1814/66308.
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Defence date: 27 February 2020<br>Examining Board: Prof. Giovanni Sartor, European University Institute (Supervisor); Prof. Urška Šadl, European University Institute; Prof. Joxerramon Bengoetxea Caballero, University of the Basque Country; Dr. Karen McAuliffe, University of Birmingham<br>In today’s multilingual EU, with 24 official languages, as many versions of every piece of legislation of general application are produced, all of which are equally authentic. In order to comply with this legal requirement, embodied in the Treaties and in secondary law, legal translation and legal-linguistic revision become fully integrated in the law-making process. But most importantly, the multilingual nature of EU law has consequences for how the meaning of the law may be found through interpretation. The Court of Justice of the European Union has declared that the language versions of EU legal acts should be compared in order to access the meaning of the legislation. That presumption of identity of meaning, however, conflicts with the inherent limits of language. As a result, occasional divergences in the linguistic meaning of the different language versions of EU legislation are unavoidable. These divergences in the linguistic meaning of the language versions of legislation may be bridged through interpretation. These problems of interpretation are ultimately settled by the CJEU, the only authoritative interpreter of EU law. The Court has developed certain techniques for that purpose, not without controversy. In order to solve the puzzle of how to access the meaning of multilingual EU legislation, this thesis first reviews the multilingualism of the EU legislative machinery, subsequently moving from the production of the law to its interpretation. The ultimate goal is to produce a critical assessment of the Court’s methods, in order to understand how they fit into the framework designed by the previous Chapters. That is to say, to see how uniformity of meaning, which is constructed first in the legislative procedure in one language, then deconstructed through translation into all official languages, is finally reconstructed by the Court of Justice.