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Journal articles on the topic 'Polinton- like viruses'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 25 May 2024

Last updated: 31 July 2025

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1

Roux, Simon, Matthias G. Fischer, Thomas Hackl, Laura A. Katz, Frederik Schulz, and Natalya Yutin. "Updated Virophage Taxonomy and Distinction from Polinton-like Viruses." Biomolecules 13, no. 2 (2023): 204. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biom13020204.

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Virophages are small dsDNA viruses that hijack the machinery of giant viruses during the co-infection of a protist (i.e., microeukaryotic) host and represent an exceptional case of “hyperparasitism” in the viral world. While only a handful of virophages have been isolated, a vast diversity of virophage-like sequences have been uncovered from diverse metagenomes. Their wide ecological distribution, idiosyncratic infection and replication strategy, ability to integrate into protist and giant virus genomes and potential role in antiviral defense have made virophages a topic of broad interest. How

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2

Krupovic, Mart, Natalya Yutin, and Eugene V. Koonin. "Fusion of a superfamily 1 helicase and an inactivated DNA polymerase is a signature of common evolutionary history of Polintons, polinton-like viruses, Tlr1 transposons and transpovirons." Virus Evolution 2, no. 1 (2016): vew019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ve/vew019.

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3

Bellas, Christopher M., and Ruben Sommaruga. "Polinton-like viruses are abundant in aquatic ecosystems." Microbiome 9, no. 1 (2021). http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s40168-020-00956-0.

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Abstract Background Polintons are large mobile genetic elements found in the genomes of eukaryotic organisms that are considered the ancient ancestors of most eukaryotic dsDNA viruses. Originally considered as transposons, they have been found to encode virus capsid genes, suggesting they may actually be integrated viruses; however, an extracellular form has yet to be detected. Recently, circa 25 Polinton-like viruses have been discovered in environmental metagenomes and algal genomes, which shared distantly related genes to both Polintons and virophages (Lavidaviridae). These entities could b

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4

Koonin, Eugene V., Matthias G. Fischer, Jens H. Kuhn, and Mart Krupovic. "The polinton-like supergroup of viruses: evolution, molecular biology, and taxonomy." Microbiology and Molecular Biology Reviews, July 18, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/mmbr.00086-23.

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SUMMARY Polintons are 15–20 kb-long self-synthesizing transposons that are widespread in eukaryotic, and in particular protist, genomes. Apart from a transposase and a protein-primed DNA polymerase, polintons encode homologs of major and minor jelly-roll capsid proteins, DNA-packaging ATPases, and proteases involved in capsid maturation of diverse eukaryotic viruses of kingdom Bamfordvirae . Given the conservation of these structural and morphogenetic proteins among polintons, these elements are predicted to alternate between transposon and viral lifestyles and, although virions have thus far

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5

Starrett, Gabriel J., Michael J. Tisza, Nicole L. Welch, et al. "Adintoviruses: A Proposed Animal-Tropic Family of Midsize Eukaryotic Linear dsDNA (MELD) Viruses." Virus Evolution, October 1, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ve/veaa055.

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Abstract Polintons (also known as Mavericks) were initially identified as a widespread class of eukaryotic transposons named for their hallmark type B DNA polymerase and retrovirus-like integrase genes. It has since been recognized that many polintons encode possible capsid proteins and viral genome-packaging ATPases similar to those of a diverse range of double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) viruses. This supports the inference that at least some polintons are actually viruses capable of cell-to-cell spread. At present, there are no polinton-associated capsid protein genes annotated in public sequence

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6

Krupovic, Mart, Jens H. Kuhn, Matthias G. Fischer, and Eugene V. Koonin. "Natural history of eukaryotic DNA viruses with double jelly-roll major capsid proteins." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 121, no. 23 (2024). http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2405771121.

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The phylum Preplasmiviricota (kingdom Bamfordvirae , realm Varidnaviria ) is a broad assemblage of diverse viruses with comparatively short double-stranded DNA genomes (<50 kbp) that produce icosahedral capsids built from double jelly-roll major capsid proteins. Preplasmiviricots infect hosts from all cellular domains, testifying to their ancient origin, and, in particular, are associated with six of the seven supergroups of eukaryotes. Preplasmiviricots comprise four major groups of viruses, namely, polintons, polinton-like viruses (PLVs), virophages, and adenovirids. We used protein struc

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7

Bellas, Christopher, Thomas Hackl, Marie-Sophie Plakolb, Anna Koslová, Matthias G. Fischer, and Ruben Sommaruga. "Large-scale invasion of unicellular eukaryotic genomes by integrating DNA viruses." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 120, no. 16 (2023). http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2300465120.

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Eukaryotic genomes contain a variety of endogenous viral elements (EVEs), which are mostly derived from RNA and ssDNA viruses that are no longer functional and are considered to be “genomic fossils.” Genomic surveys of EVEs, however, are strongly biased toward animals and plants, whereas protists, which represent the majority of eukaryotic diversity, remain poorly represented. Here, we show that protist genomes harbor tens to thousands of diverse, ~14 to 40 kbp long dsDNA viruses. These EVEs, composed of virophages, Polinton-like viruses, and related entities, have remained hitherto hidden owi

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8

Bellas, Christopher M., and Ruben Sommaruga. "Correction to: Polinton-like viruses are abundant in aquatic ecosystems." Microbiome 9, no. 1 (2021). http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s40168-021-01004-1.

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9

Bulzu, Paul-Adrian, Helena Henriques Vieira, and Rohit Ghai. "Lineage-specific expansions of polinton-like viruses in photosynthetic cryptophytes." Microbiome 13, no. 1 (2025). https://doi.org/10.1186/s40168-025-02148-0.

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Abstract Background Polinton-like viruses (PLVs) are diverse eukaryotic DNA viral elements (14–40 kb) that often undergo significant expansion within protist genomes through repeated insertion events. Emerging evidence indicates they function as antiviral defense systems in protists, reducing the progeny yield of their infecting giant viruses (phylum Nucleocytoviricota) and influencing the population dynamics and evolution of both viruses and their hosts. While many PLVs have been identified within the genomes of sequenced protists, most were recovered from metagenomic data. Even with the larg

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10

Chase, E. E., T. Pitot, S. Bouchard, et al. "Viral dynamics in a high-rate algal pond reveals a burst of Phycodnaviridae diversity correlated with episodic algal mortality." mBio, November 12, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/mbio.02803-24.

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ABSTRACT This study explores virus-host dynamics in a unique environment: an industrial high-rate algal pond (HRAP). A wealth of novel DNA algal viruses are revealed, including members of Nucleocytoviricota “giant viruses” and the enigmatic Preplasmiviricota (e.g., virophages and polinton-like viruses). Several species of single-celled eukaryotic photosynthetic algae are identified (Chlorophyta) as putative hosts, with alternating dominant populations during the year of study. We specifically observe a surprising diversity of giant viruses from the family Phycodnaviridae ( Nucleocytoviricota )

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11

Yutin, Natalya, Sofiya Shevchenko, Vladimir Kapitonov, Mart Krupovic, and Eugene V. Koonin. "A novel group of diverse Polinton-like viruses discovered by metagenome analysis." BMC Biology 13, no. 1 (2015). http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12915-015-0207-4.

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12

Chase, Emily E., Christelle Desnues, and Guillaume Blanc. "Integrated Viral Elements Suggest the Dual Lifestyle of Tetraselmis Spp. Polinton-Like Viruses." Virus Evolution, July 22, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ve/veac068.

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Abstract In this study, we aimed at exploring horizontal gene transfer between viruses and Chlorodendraceae green algae (Chlorophyta) using available genomic and transcriptomic sequences for 20 algal strains. We identified a significant number of genes sharing a higher sequence similarity with viral homologues, thus signaling their possible involvement in HGTs with viruses. Further characterization showed that many of these genes were clustered in DNA regions of several tens to hundreds of kilobases in size, originally belonging to viruses related to known Tetraselmis spp. viruses (TetV and Ts

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13

Ni, Yimin, Ting Chu, Shuling Yan, and Yongjie Wang. "Forty-nine metagenomic-assembled genomes from an aquatic virome expand Caudoviricetes by 45 potential new families and the newly uncovered Gossevirus of Bamfordvirae." Journal of General Virology 105, no. 3 (2024). http://dx.doi.org/10.1099/jgv.0.001967.

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Twenty complete genomes (29–63 kb) and 29 genomes with an estimated completeness of over 90 % (30–90 kb) were identified for novel dsDNA viruses in the Yangshan Harbor metavirome. These newly discovered viruses contribute to the expansion of viral taxonomy by introducing 46 potential new families. Except for one virus, all others belong to the class Caudoviricetes. The exception is a novel member of the recently characterized viral group known as Gossevirus. Fifteen viruses were predicted to be temperate. The predicted hosts for the viruses appear to be involved in various aspects of the nitro

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14

Barth, Zachary K., Ian Hicklin, Julien Thézé, et al. "Genomic analysis of hyperparasitic viruses associated with entomopoxviruses." Virus Evolution, July 12, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ve/veae051.

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Abstract Polinton-like viruses (PLVs) are a diverse group of small integrative dsDNA viruses that infect diverse eukaryotic hosts. Many PLVs are hypothesized to parasitize viruses in the phylum Nucleocytoviricota for their own propagation and spread. Here we analyze the genomes of novel PLVs associated with the occlusion bodies of entomopoxvirus (EV) infections of two separate lepidopteran hosts. The presence of these elements within EV occlusion bodies suggests that they are the first known hyperparasites of poxviruses. We find that these PLVs belong to two distinct lineages that are highly d

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15

Minch, Benjamin, Morgan Chakraborty, Sam Purkis, Mattie Rodrigue, and Mohammad Moniruzzaman. "Active prokaryotic and eukaryotic viral ecology across spatial scale in a deep-sea brine pool." ISME Communications, June 14, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ismeco/ycae084.

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Abstract Deep-sea brine pools represent rare, extreme environments, providing unique insight into the limits of life on Earth, and by analogy, the plausibility of life beyond it. A distinguishing feature of many brine pools is presence of thick microbial mats which develop at the brine-seawater interface. While these bacterial and archaeal communities have received moderate attention, viruses and their host interactions in these environments remain underexplored. To bridge this knowledge gap, we leveraged metagenomic and metatranscriptomic data from three distinct zones within the NEOM brine p

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16

Erazo-Garcia, Maria P., Uri Sheyn, Zachary K. Barth, et al. "Cryptic infection of a giant virus in a unicellular green alga." Science, April 10, 2025. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.ads6303.

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Latency is a common strategy in a wide range of viral lineages, but its prevalence in giant viruses remains unknown. Here we describe a 617 kbp integrated giant viral element in the model green alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii . We resolve the integrated viral genome using long-read sequencing, identify a putative polinton-like integrase, and show that viral particles accumulate primarily during the stationary growth phase. A diverse array of viral-encoded selfish genetic elements is expressed during viral activity, including several Fanzor nuclease-encoding transposable elements. In addition, w

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17

Barreat, Jose Gabriel Nino, and Aris Katzourakis. "A billion years arms-race between viruses, virophages, and eukaryotes." eLife 12 (June 26, 2023). http://dx.doi.org/10.7554/elife.86617.3.

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Bamfordviruses are arguably the most diverse group of viruses infecting eukaryotes. They include the Nucleocytoplasmic Large DNA viruses (NCLDVs), virophages, adenoviruses, Mavericks and Polinton-like viruses. Two main hypotheses for their origins have been proposed: the ‘nuclear-escape’ and ‘virophage-first’ hypotheses. The nuclear-escape hypothesis proposes an endogenous, Maverick-like ancestor which escaped from the nucleus and gave rise to adenoviruses and NCLDVs. In contrast, the virophage-first hypothesis proposes that NCLDVs coevolved with protovirophages; Mavericks then evolved from vi

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18

Stephens, Danae, Zahra Faghihi, and Mohammad Moniruzzaman. "Widespread occurrence and diverse origins of polintoviruses influence lineage-specific genome dynamics in stony corals." Virus Evolution, May 13, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ve/veae039.

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Abstract: Stony corals (Order Scleractinia) are central to vital marine habitats known as coral reefs. Numerous stressors in the Anthropocene are contributing to the ongoing decline in coral reef health and coverage. While viruses are established modulators of marine microbial dynamics, their interactions within the coral holobiont and impact on coral health and physiology remain unclear. To address this key knowledge gap, we investigated diverse stony coral genomes for ‘endogenous’ viruses. Our study uncovered a remarkable number of integrated viral elements recognized as ‘Polintoviruses’ (Cl

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19

Gyaltshen, Yangtsho, Andrey Rozenberg, Amber Paasch, et al. "Long-read-based genome assembly reveals numerous endogenous viral elements in the green algal bacterivore Cymbomonas tetramitiformis." Genome Biology and Evolution, October 26, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/gbe/evad194.

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Abstract The marine tetraflagellate Cymbomonas tetramitiformis has drawn attention as an early diverging green alga that uses a phago-mixotrophic mode of nutrition (i.e., the ability to derive nourishment from both photosynthesis and bacterial prey). The Cymbomonas nuclear genome was sequenced previously but due to the exclusive use of short-read (Illumina) data, the assembly suffered from missing a large proportion of the genome’s repeat regions. For this study, we generated Oxford Nanopore long-read and additional short-read Illumina data and performed a hybrid assembly that significantly im

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20

Armen, Kotsinyan, Sahakyan Harutyun, and Zakaryan Hovakim. "Identification of the Branching Order within the Kingdom Bamfordvirae." July 2, 2022. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6790805.

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The kingdom <em>Bamfordvirae</em> comprises the majority of the realm <em>Varidnaviria</em> and, according to the 2021 release of Virus Taxonomy by the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses, consists of the phyla <em>Nucleocytoviricota</em> and <em>Preplasmiviricota</em>. There are several fundamental unresolved issues related to the evolution of <em>Bamfordvirae</em>. These are questions concerning <em>Bamfordvirae</em> taxonomy including the branching order of <em>Nucleocytoviricota</em> and the question of the monophyly of <em>Preplasmiviricota</em>. Here, based on the analyses of

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21

Armen, Kotsinyan, Sahakyan Harutyun, and Zakaryan Hovakim. "Identification of the branching order within the kingdom Bamfordvirae." July 30, 2022. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6944305.

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The kingdom <em>Bamfordvirae</em> comprises the majority of the realm <em>Varidnaviria</em> and, according to the 2021 release of Virus Taxonomy by the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses, consists of the phyla <em>Nucleocytoviricota</em> and <em>Preplasmiviricota</em>. There are several fundamental unresolved issues related to the evolution of <em>Bamfordvirae</em>. These are questions concerning <em>Bamfordvirae</em> taxonomy including the branching order of <em>Nucleocytoviricota</em> and the question of the monophyly of <em>Preplasmiviricota</em>. Here, based on the analyses of

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22

Stough, Joshua M. A., Max Kolton, Joel E. Kostka, David J. Weston, Dale A. Pelletier, and Steven W. Wilhelm. "Diversity of Active Viral Infections within the Sphagnum Microbiome." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 84, no. 23 (2018). http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.01124-18.

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ABSTRACT Sphagnum-dominated peatlands play an important role in global carbon storage and represent significant sources of economic and ecological value. While recent efforts to describe microbial diversity and metabolic potential of the Sphagnum microbiome have demonstrated the importance of its microbial community, little is known about the viral constituents. We used metatranscriptomics to describe the diversity and activity of viruses infecting microbes within the Sphagnum peat bog. The vegetative portions of six Sphagnum plants were obtained from a peatland in northern Minnesota, and the

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23

Armen, Kotsinyan, Sahakyan Harutyun, and Zakaryan Hovakim. "Identification of branching order within the kingdom Bamfordvirae." May 25, 2022. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6579602.

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All Figures, Table 1, and Supplementary materials of the "Identification of branching order within the kingdom <em>Bamfordvirae</em>" manuscript are presented․ Supplementary materials consist of S. Figures, S. Tables, S Alignments (.fas), S. .nwk, S. .treefile, as well as ReadMe.txt files. <strong>Abstract</strong> The kingdom <em>Bamfordvirae</em> comprises the majority of the realm <em>Varidnaviria</em> and, according to the 2021 release of Virus Taxonomy by the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses, consists of the phyla <em>Nucleocytoviricota</em> and <em>Preplasmiv

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