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Journal articles on the topic 'Polish Post Office'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 24 April 2022

Last updated: 30 July 2025

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1

Siemaszko, Karol. "W prowincjonalnym mieście na ziemiach zachodnich. O Prokuraturze Sądu Okręgowego w Głogowie z siedzibą w Nowej Soli (1945–1950)." Krakowskie Studia z Historii Państwa i Prawa 14, no. 2 (2021): 205–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.4467/20844131ks.21.014.13522.

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In a Provincial City in Western Poland. Concerning the Prosecutor’s Office of the District Court in Głogów with Its Seat in Nowa Sól (1945–1950) After World War II, a number of territories that had belonged to Germany before 1945 were incorporated into those of the Polish state. The change of borders resulted in the need to build structures of the Polish judiciary and prosecutor’s offices in these territories. This article is devoted to describing the functioning of the Prosecutor’s Office of the Regional Court in Głogów with its seat in Nowa Sól. The history of this office is an example of h

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2

Gdaniec, Ewelina. "Post-war reconstruction of British diplomatic posts in Poland." Śląski Kwartalnik Historyczny Sobótka 76, no. 4 (2021): 21–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.19195/skhs.2021.4.21.33.

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The reconstruction of British diplomatic missions in Poland began after the approval of the Provisional Government of National Unity (Polish: Tymczasowy Rząd Jedności Narodowej – TRJN) by London. Consular exchange resumed and a number of officials were appointed, who became not only liaison between the Foreign Office and local institutions, but also propagators of “Western ideology” in Poland. The aim of the article is to present the process of rebuilding British institutions in Poland, placing it in the context of Polish-British relations until 1956.

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Studdert, Will, Edward Corse, and Ulf Schmidt. "Ambivalent Allies: Anglo-Polish Relations through Medical and Scientific Exchanges, 1939–1956." Slavonic and East European Review 102, no. 3 (2024): 491–525. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/see.00037.

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Abstract: In January 1946, the British Council re-opened its Warsaw Office. The following year, capitalizing on the desperate post-war conditions within Poland, the Council established Anglo-Polish exchanges in the fields of medicine and science, with the goal of both assisting in the rebuilding of Polish medical life and asserting British influence in Central Europe, whilst drawing on pre-existing Anglo-Polish medical ties that dated back to the pre-war period. What were the practical justifications for the visits from both British and Polish perspectives, and what purpose did they serve as a

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Olechowski, Piotr. "Konsulat generalny Rzeczypospolitej Polskiej w Kijowie pod lupą radzieckich służb specjalnych w kwietniu 1938 r." Przegląd Wschodnioeuropejski 8, no. 2 (2018): 159–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.31648/pw.3577.

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The article is regarding surveillance of Polish general consulate in Kiev by bodies NKWD in April 1938. Above all introducing methods to the functioning of the operation Soviet secret police in former Communist countries is aimed. Apart from that, an everyday day and members are also portraying Polish diplomats in the USSR. of Poland because the consular office remained under permanent observation of officers the NKWD. Even though she was led in the way not entirely professional, how contents are showing the text, brought certain effects. Simultaneously however he is showing that a Polish dipl

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Batko, Alicja. "Legal and Administrative Time Limits in the Context of the Latest Amendments of the Act of 14 June 1960 – Administrative Procedure Code." Przegląd Prawa Administracyjnego 3 (September 5, 2021): 11–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.17951/ppa.2020.3.11-29.

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On 3 July 2019 a rule that a deadline is deemed to have been met if, before its expiry, a letter was posted at a Polish post office facility of the designated operator in the meaning of the Postal Law Act or at a postal facility of the operator providing the universal postal services in another Member State of the European Union, the Swiss Confederation or a Member State of the European Free Trade Association (EFTA) – a party to the European Economic Area Agreement, was introduced into the Polish administrative procedure. Prior to the date of the aforementioned amendment coming into force, it

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MISZCZAK, Maciej. "POLISH DISCLOSED SECRET PATENTS ON TECHNOLOGY OF INDIVIDUAL HIGH EXPLOSIVES." PROBLEMY TECHNIKI UZBROJENIA 163, no. 1 (2023): 75–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0053.5919.

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Results of searches and analyses of the Polish disclosed secret patents on technology of high-explosives in the form of such chemical individuals as nitrostarch, trotyl, dinitrotoluene, tetryl, penthrite, hexogen and octogen, are presented in the paper. As a result of the above searches, nine patent descriptions [1-9] of inventions were found, and among them three [2-4] dealt with nitrostarch stabilization, one [1] with stabilization of penthrite and hexogen, one [6] with trotyl cleaning from post-nitrating acids, one [7] with trotyl and dinitrotoluene drying, and three [5,8,9] with obtainment

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Latawski, Dr Paul. "Aspects of the Polish Staff of the Commander-in-Chief's Relations with the British War Office: Planning for the Post-War Polish Army, 1943–1945." Studia i Materiały Centralnej Biblioteki Wojskowej im. Marszałka Józefa Piłsudskiego, no. 19 (December 20, 2023): 273–80. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10078590.

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This paper considers the creation of plans for the expansion and development of the Polish land forces in the post-World War II period, which were carried out between 1941 and 1944 at the General Staff of the Polish Armed Forces. The future development of the Polish Army included both the use of units under Allied operational command and the recruitment of several hundred thousand Poles either interned or imprisoned in France, Switzerland, Germany, Hungary and Romania. Finally, the so-called Plan ‘P’ anticipated the expansion of the ground forces to a level of more than 470,000 tro

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Dziadzio, Andrzej. "Urząd Generalnego Delegata Rządu dla Galicji (1919–1921)." Przegląd Sejmowy 4(165) (2021): 37–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.31268/ps.2021.45.

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In early March 1919 the government of Ignacy Paderewski established the office of General Delegate of the Government for Galicia. This ended a stage of provisional management of the post-Austrian district, which resulted from political and systemic changes in the first months of the independent Polish state’s existence. New structures of authority, such as the Polish Liquidation Commission or the Ruling Commission, emerged in opposition to the Polish administration of Austrian times and were based on political and civic rather than professional factors. This complicated the situation so much t

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Bernat, Tomasz. "A Maintenance of a Dominant Market Position – on the Example of the Polish Post Office." Equilibrium 9, no. 4 (2014): 9–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.12775/equil.2014.022.

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The system changes of the Polish economy, which began in the 80s of the 20th century and were continued after the accession to the European Union in 2004, have caused significant transformations, not only in the economy and ownership relations, but also in single markets. What is more, some of the European Commission’s guidelines have introduced the market regulations which were dominated by natural monopolies. These changes were to cause the competitiveness on the market and to improve its functioning in an efficiency allocative sense in order to make the consumers’ situation better. However,

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Smoła, Marek. "Popularization of health in Polish philately." Health Promotion & Physical Activity 19, no. 2 (2022): 26–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.55225/hppa.418.

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The article constitutes an attempt of presenting the phenomenon of popularization of health, health protection, achievements in medicine and people connected to medicine through a postal stamp. A stamp is an object of collection and the subject of the more and more elitist hobby but at the same time it is an element of correspondence used by many people, including a sender and a recipient in numerous countires.That is why, reaching for such a topic in different emissions of postal stamps can spread the knowledge about different almost all aspects of human civilization.This publication is a com

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Wojtczak, Krystyna. "Pozycja prawna wojewody w procesie przemian II Rzeczypospolitej." Studia Prawa Publicznego, no. 3(35) (September 15, 2021): 9–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.14746/spp.2021.3.35.1.

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The article considers the legal status of the voivode during the interwar period, the time of the difficult restoration of the Polish identity and the creation of the Polish state in the post-Partition lands with three separate systems of territorial division and local administration. The legal situation of the office of the voivode is closely related to the establishment of the systemic foundations of the highest Polish authorities (legislative and executive) and local administration (initially, on the territory of the former Kingdom of Poland and then on the gradually annexed former Polish t

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Siemaszko, Karol. "Przestępstwa popełnione przez żołnierzy Armii Czerwonej na Środkowym Nadodrzu po zakończeniu II wojny światowej (1945–1946) w świetle repertoriów Prokuratury Sądu Okręgowego w Zielonej Górze." Miscellanea Historico-Iuridica 21, no. 2 (2022): 269–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.15290/mhi.2022.21.02.12.

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The western and northern territories of Poland (former German territory) were a troubled area in the few months after the end of the war. In the first post-war period, there were no stable power structures, including organs of justice and public order. The prevailing state of anarchy in this territory was the reason for an increase in crime. The perpetrators of crimes were not only civilian settlers but also Red Army soldiers stationed in the area. It should be emphasized that they often treated the territories of the western and northern territories as a conquered territory, and not as part o

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Białokur, Marek. "Od Mikołaja Kozakiewicza do Macieja Płażyńskiego. Szkice do portretu Marszałków Sejmu w latach 1989–2011." Annales Collegii Nobilium Opolienses 1, no. 10 (2021): 163–207. http://dx.doi.org/10.15804/acno2020106.

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The aim of the article is to present the biographies of the first five marshals of Polish parliaments in 1989–2011. The Marshals of the Sejm presented in short biographical sketches are figures who played an important role in Polish politics. Among them were politicians from various political groups. Two activists associated with the Polish people’s movement (Mikołaj Kozakiewicz and Józef Zych), one socialist from the former post-communist camp (Józef Oleksy) and two with a beautiful card in the anti-communist opposition and strongly associated with the Catholic Church (Wiesław Chrzanowksi and

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Obara, Adam. "Prokuratura Sądu Okręgowego w Zamościu w latach 1944–1950. Zagadnienia wybrane." Prawo 332 (November 26, 2021): 115–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.19195/0524-4544.332.8.

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The Prosecutor’s Office at the District Court in Zamość in the years 1944–1950: Selected issues The study is an attempt to present in general terms the institution of the Prosecutor’s Office in the years 1944–1950 in the reality of the Polish state revived after the Second World War. On account of the fact that Zamość was located in the border strip within newly established borders, special attention is paid to the activity of the Prosecutor’s Office at the District Court in Zamość. The Prosecutor’s Office, just like other state authorities, was created after the Second World War a

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Drzewiecka, Dorota. "Elektroniczna biurowość w urzędach gminnych z terenu objętego nadzorem archiwalnym Archiwum Narodowego w Krakowie w latach 2011–2019." Przegląd Archiwalno-Historyczny 9 (2022): 49–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.4467/2391-890xpah.22.003.17215.

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Celem artykułu jest analiza rozwoju informatyzacji urzędów gminnych, miejsko-gminnych, miejskich oraz związków międzygminnych z terenu objętego nadzorem archiwalnym Archiwum Narodowego w Krakowie. Badanie zostało przeprowadzone przede wszystkim w oparciu o analizę protokołów kontroli archiwalnych oraz wydanych zaleceń pokontrolnych pozyskanych w trybie dostępu do informacji publicznej. Analizując zebraną dokumentację, przede wszystkim sprawdzano, czy kontrolowana jednostka pracowała w ramach systemu EZD , czy też podstawowym systemem wykonywania czynności kancelaryjnych oraz dokumentowania spo

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Synowiec, Andrzej. "Lower Silesian Factory of Nicotine Preparations." Studia Historiae Oeconomicae 40, no. 2 (2022): 53–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.14746/sho.2022.40.2.003.

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The state-owned enterprise under the name of Lower Silesian Factory of Nicotine Preparations (Dolnośląska Wytwórnia Preparatów Nikotynowych; DWPN) with its registered office first in Szalejów Dolny and then in Góra Śląska existed in the years 1952–1958. It produced, above all, nicotine sulphate used by farmers for plant protection (primarily to combat extremely widespread aphids). The plant was managed by the Polish tobacco industry, which supplied the raw material in the form of tobacco waste and waste from tobacco plants. The article first presents the post-war demand of Polish agriculture f

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Anusik, Zbigniew. "Z dziejów stosunków polsko-szwedzkich w dobie przedostatniego bezkrólewia w historii Rzeczypospolitej (1733–1735)." Przegląd Nauk Historycznych 14, no. 1 (2015): 5–31. https://doi.org/10.18778/1644-857x.14.01.01.

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The aim of the article is to present the Polish–Swedish relations in the era of interregnum after the death of Augustus II. During the Great Northern War (1700–1721) both the Polish Republic and Sweden lost its previous importance in Central and Eastern Europe. The Polish-Lithuanian state for a long time could not overcome the post-war crisis. InSweden, in turn, a profound political changes took place. Since 1719 the Swedish crown became an elective one and the states had taken full governance in the country. Sweden, increasingly depending on Russia, conducted a prudent and peaceful foreign po

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Rydzewska, Joanna. "Masculinity, Nostalgia and Polishness in Somers Town." Journal of British Cinema and Television 10, no. 4 (2013): 890–908. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/jbctv.2013.0186.

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The Office for National Statistics estimates that between December 2003 and June 2009 the Polish-born population of the United Kingdom increased from 75,000 to 503,000. These statistics provide a contextual background for Shane Meadows’ Somers Town (2008) , a film which portrays a British teenager, Tomo (Thomas Turgoose) who befriends a young Polish photographer, Marek (Piotr Jagiełło), and his father, who is a guest-worker at the King's Cross reconstruction site. This article explores the ways in which Somers Town responds to increased transnationalism and mobility (be it migration or tourism

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Szymczak, Damian. "Najwyższy dostojnik autonomii. Instytucja marszałka krajowego w Galicji (1861–1920)." Przegląd Sejmowy 3(170) (2022): 143–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.31268/ps.2022.115.

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At the early 1860s, the Habsburg Monarchy underwent a period of a profound reforms. These resulted in the birth of a constitutional monarchy and modern parliamentarism. Bodies of self-government were established in the individual provinces of the state. In Galicia, the National Sejm and the National Department, which was the executive organ of the Sejm, were established. Both of these institutions were headed by the Galician National Marshal, who in theory held the highest position in the Galician self-government, but in reality, had very limited powers. The actual rule in the province was exe

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Knapik, Maciej. "ANALYSIS OF THE IMPACT OF LEED CERTIFICATION TECHNICAL REQUIREMENTS ON CALCULATED ENERGY PERFORMANCE OF AN OFFICE BUILDING." Zeszyty Naukowe SGSP 1, no. 88 (2023): 159–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0054.1455.

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The article presents an analysis of the impact that meeting LEED certification criteria hason the calculated energy performance of a building based on Polish regulations regarding themethodology for determining the energy performance of a building, taking into account thetechnical modernization that affects the final result of the analysis. Calculations were carried outon the example of an office building. The analysis covered scope that combines LEED certificationand energy performance, such as water use and indoor lighting. The calculations were made ina program designed for energy performan

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Przybyszewska, Alicja, and Dagmara Nowakowska. "Pisarz w archiwum. Prace nad poznańskim Archiwum Włodzimierza Odojewskiego." Poznańskie Studia Polonistyczne. Seria Literacka, no. 35 (November 5, 2019): 17–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.14746/pspsl.2019.35.2.

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The article is a collection of thoughts that transpired during the work at the Archive of Włodzimierz Odojewski. The aim of the authors was to identify and indicate the potential ways to study the life and works of the writer, and the expected result of the research is a biography of Odojewski. The research was based on the exploration of the writer’s private collection: unpublished documents, manuscripts, typescripts, personal papers, correspondence, family and estate papers and photographs. The authors focused on a number of issues. One, the biographical facts that influenced Odojewski’s out

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Wiszniewska, Anna. "„Pięć milionów dzieci czeka na nowe zabawki…”. O organizacji przemysłu zabawkarskiego i wzornictwie zabawek w Polsce lat 50. i 60. XX wieku." Artium Quaestiones, no. 32 (December 15, 2021): 131–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.14746/aq.2021.32.6.

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In the first years after World War II, the task of setting up a toy industry was undertaken in Poland. According to the declarations from the Polish People’s Republic authorities about providing all children with a carefree childhood, access to education and help in developing individual interests, a well-designed and carefully made toy was to reach the hands of 5 million children. It was also supposed to be aesthetic and accessible to the impoverished society after the war. Therefore, toys were mainly produced from waste materials, such as wood, leather, felt, fabrics, provided by state-owned

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Parzych, Krzysztof. "Analysis of the labour market in the tourism sector in Poland in statistical terms before, during and after the Covid 19 pandemic." Environmental & Socio-economic Studies 13, no. 2 (2025): 35–47. https://doi.org/10.2478/environ-2025-0010.

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Abstract The article addresses the issue of changes in the labour market in the tourism services sector in the context of Covid 19 pandemic. It analyses the changes in the labour market in tourism services between 2011-2019, in the year of the announcement of the pandemic -2020 and in the post-pandemic period (in the year 2023), in relation to selected labour market measures in section I of the Polish Classification of Activity (PKD),usingthe statistical data of the Local Data Bank of the Central Statistical Office for individual voivodeships. In order to assess the statistical differences in

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Trąbka, Agnieszka, and Iga Wermińska-Wiśnicka. "Niejednoznaczny wpływ Brexitu na życie młodych Polaków w Wielkiej Brytanii." Studia Migracyjne – Przegląd Polonijny 46, no. 4 (178) (2020): 49–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.4467/25444972smpp.20.038.12775.

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Ambiguous impact of Brexit on young Poles living in the United Kingdom The paper aims to analyse the impact of Brexit on the social anchoring of young Poles in the United Kingdom in four spheres of their lives: decision and return plans; application for British citizenship; buying properties; well-being and life satisfaction. The article is based on research conducted within the project „CEEYouth: The comparative study of young migrants from Poland and Lithuania in the context of Brexit”. We also handle statistics data from the Office for National Statistics as well as qualitative data from th

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Trąbka, Agnieszka, and Iga Wermińska-Wiśnicka. "Niejednoznaczny wpływ Brexitu na życie młodych Polaków w Wielkiej Brytanii." Studia Migracyjne – Przegląd Polonijny 46, no. 4 (178) (2020): 49–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.4467/25444972smpp.20.038.12775.

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Ambiguous impact of Brexit on young Poles living in the United Kingdom The paper aims to analyse the impact of Brexit on the social anchoring of young Poles in the United Kingdom in four spheres of their lives: decision and return plans; application for British citizenship; buying properties; well-being and life satisfaction. The article is based on research conducted within the project „CEEYouth: The comparative study of young migrants from Poland and Lithuania in the context of Brexit”. We also handle statistics data from the Office for National Statistics as well as qualitative data from th

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Słomka, Tomasz. "How the means of electing the President of Poland acts to distort roles within the country’s political system." Studia Politologiczne, no. 61/2021 (October 1, 2021): 26–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.33896/spolit.2021.61.2.

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This article is concerned with the relationship between more than 30 years of universal direct election to the post of President of the Republic of Poland and the essence of the roles associated with that position. The hypothesis put forward for testing has been that elections of the above kind give rise to distortions in the systemic model associated with the Polish Presidency. The legitimisation of the President at the ballot box reinforces the efforts of many holders of the office to introduce ruling-related elements of the Presidency in practice, in the context of the political system. Ele

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Kozlová, Alena. "Poland’s Rule of Law Breakdown Continued: Judge Żurek’s Battle for Judicial Independence Within the European Human Rights Framework." Review of Central and East European Law 48, no. 1 (2023): 63–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15730352-bja10076.

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Abstract Judicial independence and rule of law in Poland have been increasingly under challenge before national and European courts. Departing from a case study of Judge Żurek, an emblematic figure of the Polish judicial community prosecuted for criticizing the post-2015 judicial reforms, this article assesses how the European Human Rights framework can play out in a particular case of a judge defending the rule of law in his country. After having outlined the circumstances of his prosecution, it follows his journey to Luxembourg and Strasbourg. Namely, it lays out the legal issues before the

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Wincewicz, Andrzej, Piotr Woltanowski, Stanisław Sulkowski, and Jolanta Małyszko. "Jakub Chlebowski, Rector Magnificus Exultus – A Distinguished Professor of Internal Medicine in Postwar North-East Poland." PRILOZI 39, no. 2-3 (2018): 143–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/prilozi-2018-0054.

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Abstract Jakub Chlebowski (Jakub Frydman) (1905-1969) was a distinguished professor of internal medicine and skillful organizer of health care system in Bialystok region in the North east Poland. He graduated medicine in 1929 and worked at local university in prewar Vilnius. During World War Two, arrested by the Soviets and exiled to Siberian work camps he managed to return to Poland with Kosciuszko Division of Polish Army. Then, he continued to serve as a military and university medical doctor in Cracow and Lodz, finally to take over position of director of Internal Diseases Department in 195

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Bernacka, Julia. "Home office z perspektywy postpandemicznej – szanse i zagrożenia. Analiza pracy zdalnej w ujęciu prawnym i społecznym." Rocznik Administracji Publicznej 9 (September 29, 2023): 107–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.4467/24497800rap.23.007.18303.

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The growing interest in remote work and flexible forms of employment is undoubtedly due to technological development (including changes in the labour market) and measures taken to counteract the COVID-19 pandemic. The experience of this period allowed us to observe certain regularities in the field of remote work, revealing its pros and cons. This article aims to summarize the current state of remote work regulations and the possibilities opened up by the home office model. The first part describes the remote work regulations laid out in Polish legislation and the current state of the labour m

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Kobylarek, Aleksander, and Martyna Madej. "Defending enlightenment philosophy of the rule of law. (the image of the concept of usurping democracy in Poland Post-2015 created by independent media)." XLinguae 16, no. 3 (2023): 57–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.18355/xl.2023.16.03.06.

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The main political party in power in Poland arouses much controversy, which is caused, among other things, by omnipresent propaganda and manipulation of content. This article results from a meta-analysis of framing media messages in Poland's leading independent media. The ruling party's reign of power, the reduction of opponents and the swearing in of (also illegitimate) allies in the most strategic positions, or the abuse of immunity and attempts to subjugate institutions such as the courts and the prosecutor's office are clearly discernible. Such acts have also directly affected citizens who

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Schnepf-Kołacz, Zuzanna. "Losy pracowników niemieckiej gadzinówki „Nowy Kurier Warszawski” w świetle powojennych procesów z dekretu sierpniowego." Zagłada Żydów. Studia i Materiały, no. 2 (December 2, 2006): 132–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.32927/zzsim.183.

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The main sources used in this article are investigation and court files of post-war trials of 15 former journalists of Nowy Kurier Warszawski, so-called “reptile newspaper” (gadzinówka), a newspaper published by German authorities in General Government throughout the entire occupation. They were charged and convicted of collaboration on the basis of the so-called “August decree” of the Polish Committee of National Liberation. The sentences in this trial were surprisingly low as compared with those of others tired for collaboration with the Germans, including many Home Army soldiers. Such trial

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Walczak, Henryk. "Działalność Victora Cǎdere – posła rumuńskiego w Polsce na tle relacji Warszawa–Bukareszt (1932–1935)." Polish Biographical Studies 1, no. 9 (2021): 69–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.15804/pbs.2021.04.

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Victor Cădere (born 1891) was a Romanian lawyer, civil servant, diplomat and politician. He participated as an officer in the war with Bulgaria (1913) and in the I-st World War (1916–1918). Then he was at the peace conference in Paris as part of the Romanian delegation. In the years 1919–1921 he was dealing with the repatriation of Romanians from the USA and Russia. After returning to the country, in 1925, he began an academic career, which he continued with interruptions until his death in France in 1981. At that time, he was an activist of the peasant party and a member of the Chamber of Dep

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Kopeć, Marcin. "Rewitalizacja przemysłowych miast angielskich na przykładzie Barnsley." Studies of the Industrial Geography Commission of the Polish Geographical Society 12 (June 4, 2009): 183–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.24917/20801653.12.17.

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Polish cities need to redevelop post-industrial areas located within their boundaries. Cities’ authorities, while preparing regeneration programs, can use best practices of Western European cities. One very good example is the case of the English town Barnsley. Barnsley in earlier days was famous for coal mining, but the last pit was closed in 1994. With the demise of the coal industry, people suffered from unemployment and the town from losing its main revenue sources (in 2000, the town was ranked 16th out of 354 most deprived district of England). Town was blighted by a very high incidence o

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Majer, Piotr. "Funkcjonariusze Policji Państwowej i Policji Polskiej w powojennej rzeczywistości – uwagi syntetyzujące." 100-lecie polskiej Policji 51, no. 51(2019) (2019): 118–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.33896/spolit.2019.51.7.

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Hobler-Micherska, Izabella. "Wykonywanie zaleceń pokontrolnych jako istotny element mający wpływ na efektywność funkcjonowania systemu przeciwdziałania praniu pieniędzy i finansowaniu terroryzmu w kontekście nieuchronności sankcjonowania naruszenia obowiązków wynikających z ustawy AML." Studia i Materiały Wydziału Zarządzania UW 2024, no. 1(40) (2024): 84–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.7172/1733-9758.2024.40.6.

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Purpose: The aim of the article is to assess the impact of implementing post-audit recommendations on the effectiveness of the anti-money laundering and terrorism financing system in the context of the inevitability of sanctioning violations of obligations under the AML Act. Design/Methodology/Approach: reports on the activities of the General Inspector of Financial Information, typological newsletters, and reports on the activities of the Office of the Polish Financial Supervision Authority were used to conduct the study. The study of the functioning of the system was carried out using data a

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Halamska, Maria. "The Evolution of Family Farms in Poland: Present Time and the Weight of the Past." Eastern European Countryside 22, no. 1 (2016): 27–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/eec-2016-0002.

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AbstractThe author provides an analysis of family farming in Poland during the period 1990-2012, with special attention towards the close links of ownership and the operation of the farm by family members. The weight of various factors is given close attention, including the historical context of the farm, current conditions, and future intentions for the farm.The historical context acknowledges and stresses the importance of the late abolition of serfdom made by the partitioning powers, various agricultural reforms during the period 1919-1944, and the period 1948-1989 (when family farming was

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Zębek, Elżbieta. "Humane Legal Protection of Homeless Animals." Studia Iuridica Lublinensia 30, no. 3 (2021): 265–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.17951/sil.2021.30.3.265-276.

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Animal rights at the international level have been defined in the Universal Declaration on Animal Welfare, which has become a guiding principle for many EU countries in shaping animal protection legislation. The subject of this article is the humane protection of homeless animals, which is the responsibility of the municipality in terms of maintaining cleanliness and order. The study assumes that by carrying out tasks regarding the protection of animals from homelessness, municipalities contribute to the effective protection of animals by providing them with appropriate care. The analysis foun

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Opaliński, Edward. "Sejm Rzeczypospolitej Obojga Narodów 1572–1668." Przegląd Sejmowy 6(167) (2021): 85–114. http://dx.doi.org/10.31268/ps.2021.75.

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In 1572–1668 the Sejm of the Commonwealth of Two Nations underwent constant evolution. The greatest changes occurred at the time of the first interregnum (1572–74) after the death of the last Jagiellonian monarch – Zygmunt Augustus (1572). This was the time of the emergence of two types of new Sejms (convocation and election ones), functioning exclusively during the interregnum. The Henrician Articles (1574) resolved that the Sejm was to debate only for six weeks, and that the monarch was compelled to convoke it at least once every two years. The extraordinary Sejm was established in 1613 – it

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Jankowiak, Stanisław. "New Reality – New Problems. Financial Crime in Greater Poland in the Years 1945-1970." Studia Historiae Oeconomicae 34, no. 1 (2016): 105–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/sho-2016-0007.

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Abstract Systemic transformation in Poland after the Second World War led to deep transformations within the economy. It did not, however, change the way people thought. Despite the chaos of the post-war period, in which all the negative features shaped in the period of occupation manifested themselves, it seemed that the conceptual leaders of the Polish political and economic life would create new quality. However, it soon turned out that old habits die hard and the system created by communists opened a field for many abuses. This was accompanied by a sense of impunity, as the most prominent

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Sokołowska-Woźniak, D., and D. Woźniak. "INCOME DISPERSION IN POLAND. AN ANALYSIS IN YEARS 2005 – 2018 BASED ON INDIVIDUAL INCOMES OF POLISH GMINA’S (COMMUNES) IN NUTS 2 and NUTS 3 units." THEORETICAL AND APPLIED ISSUES OF ECONOMICS, no. 38 (2019): 18–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.17721/tppe.2019.38.2.

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Presented paper addresses the issue of income inequalities among regions in Poland. Although the topic is broadly discussed both in scientific literature and public debates, the problem of territorial cohesion still remains important for many scholars and politicians. In the article the main attention is focused on the measuring the wealth and its dispersion which is coherent with the current public data state and enables following the phenomena in all statistical units of NUTS nomenclature and local administrative units (local self-government entities: poviats and gminas). In the calculations

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Kunikowska, Anita. "Two Orthodox Churches (the Old and the New) of the Holy Apostles Peter and Paul in Kalisz." Ikonotheka 27 (July 10, 2018): 109–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0012.2321.

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The Kalisz Orthodox church from the 1870s (Fig. 1) was demolished in the interwar period and quickly replaced by a “new” Orthodox church by the same name (Fig. 6). The surviving official correspondence reveals a specific set of arguments for the dismantling of the “old” church, e.g. that it was becoming dilapidated, was a threat to public safety and constituted an alien addition to the architectural landscape of the city. The demolition of the Orthodox church was to provide jobs for the unemployed and to open up the possibility of erecting a post office in that spot. The municipal authorities

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Głowacki, Wojciech M. "Modernity and Compromise: The Church of St. Michael the Archangel in Warsaw and its Designer Władysław Pieńkowski." Ikonotheka 28 (August 6, 2019): 169–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0013.3356.

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Despite the considerable influence he exerted on post-war church architecture in Poland, the designer Władysław Pieńkowski (1907–1991) is today an altogether forgotten figure. The current paper outlines his biography and his early oeuvre; this is because his experience in designing office blocks and industrial plants gained while working under the supervision of the most outstanding Polish architects of the mid-20th century, was to be of key importance to his later, independent designs for ecclesiastical buildings. The paper focuses on a particularly important work, one which in many ways cons

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Siedziako, Michał. "Michał Plater-Zyberk (1937–1981). Szkic do portretu patrona Szczecińskiego Klubu Katolików." Polish Biographical Studies 5, no. 1 (2017): 121–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.15804/pbs.2017.06.

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Michał Plater-Zyberk was born in 1937 in Vilnius in a family of patriotic and independent traditions. He was soon orphaned as a teenage boy and was also the subject of first repression – in 1954 he was prevented from starting his studies due to his origin and lack of affiliation with the Communist Youth Union of Poland. Only in the so-called. Thaw in 1956 was admitted to study at the Szczecin University of Technology. After graduation, he started working in state railroads, with whom he remained involved throughout his professional career. Since the sixties he has co-created an independent env

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Dworas-Kulik, Judyta. "Geneza i ewolucja pozycji prawnej dziecka pozamałżeńskiego w polskim ustawodawstwie I połowy XX wieku." Miscellanea Historico-Iuridica 23, no. 2 (2024): 11–45. https://doi.org/10.15290/mhi.2024.23.02.01.

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The legal status of the illegitimate child would improve gradually, so Polish law until the 1950s retained a distinction between legitimate children and those born out of wedlock in respect of their civil-law status in the family and the inheritance law. As stipulated in the law enacted after the Partition era, the above distinction was intended to favour the permanence and inviolability of the legal family and maintain the patriarchal authority of the father. As a consequence, a child born outside marriage was discriminated against and excluded from the circle of persons with the fullness of

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Danielska, Bożena. "CHARMED BY THE KARKONOSZE MOUNTAINS: PRZEMYSŁAW WIATER (1958–2020)." Muzealnictwo 62 (May 13, 2021): 68–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0014.8840.

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Przemysław Wiater PhD was a historian, art historian, museum curator, and a regionalist. In 1994–2020, he worked as a certified curator at the Carl and Gerhart Hauptmann House in Szklarska Poręba. In February 2020, he became Director of the Karkonosze Museum in Jelenia Góra. Furthermore, in 2008–2017, he ran courses at the Higher School of Management in Legnica. Committed to recovering historic monuments from Lower Silesia, he also served as a councillor for several terms of office in Szklarska Poręba, where he lived. An outstanding regionalist, Wiater focused on investigating the history of L

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Klonowska-Matynia, Maria. "Do Local Socio-Economic Structures Determine the Spatial Distribution of Human Capital? Analysis of Connections for Rural Areas in Poland." Sustainability 15, no. 21 (2023): 15194. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su152115194.

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The article has an empirical nature. The subject of detailed analysis is the variations in spatial distribution of human capital in rural areas of Poland and the analysis of the correlation of this phenomenon with local structures of the socio-economic development process. The diagnosis and assessment of variations in the spatial distribution of human capital were performed based on an author’s indicator—a synthetic measure of human capital level (HCI—human capital index). The characterisation of local socio-economic structures was based on the typology of rural areas according to Rural Develo

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Cahill, Janet, and Paul A. Landsbergis. "Job Strain among Post Office Mailhandlers." International Journal of Health Services 26, no. 4 (1996): 731–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.2190/puhn-dlh6-c33x-eflf.

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A sample of 4,018 U.S. Post Office mailhandlers nationwide completed a questionnaire assessing job demands, decision latitude, hazardous conditions, supervisory support, physical exertion, physical/psychological strain, sleeping problems, muscle strain, and job dissatisfaction. Scales were obtained from Karasek's Job Content Questionnaire. Comparative data were available from the U.S. Quality of Employment Surveys (for “mail carriers and handlers”) and two samples of contemporary working populations. Hierarchical multiple regressions controlled for age, sex, education, length of postal service

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Hudzelyak, Iryna, Yuriy Andreychuk, and Marta Bilanyuk. "Geography of the new residential housing in Lviv." Visnyk of the Lviv University. Series Geography, no. 54 (November 26, 2020): 69–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.30970/vgg.2020.54.11822.

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Ukraine has been noted for the most rapid increase of built-up territory area in calculation per capita for the last several decades. Lviv is the second city in the country after Kyiv in the amount of new housing. The peak of housing in Lviv was in 2015. Later, the building rates slightly shortened. Building stock increased to 736.2 thousand m2 in 2019 and residential area provision grew to 22.4 m2 per the person. If 5 years ago the half of homes were constructed in historically formed districts of Lviv, today housing shifts to the periphery, especially in north-western (Holosko district) or s

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Tarkowska, Ewelina. "Polscy emigranci polistopadowi w zachodniej Francji i projekt wyprawy portugalskiej z 1833 r." Rocznik Biblioteki Naukowej PAU i PAN 68 (February 2024): 139–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.4467/25440500rbn.23.009.19335.

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Polish Post-November refugees in western France and the 1833 Portuguese expedition project The idea produced by general officer Józef Bem and price Adam Jerzy Czartoryski to form a Polish Legion in Portugal in 1833 is an interesting subject in the context of international situation, French policy towards Polish post November refugees and as far as the situation within Polish emigration is concerned. Polish Legion was intended to participate in the Portuguese civil war on the side of the liberals and the supporters of constitutional monarchy. The Poles wanted to fight for the freedom of nations

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Song, Hye-jin. "A study on the introduction of psychological autopsy in the police organization." Korean Association of Public Safety and Criminal Justice 31, no. 4 (2022): 117–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.21181/kjpc.2022.31.4.117.

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The police officer manages the initial measures and case records in the case of suicide against ordinary citizens, verifies the actual part of the suicide, and concludes the investigation by submitting formal records on the cause of suicide. In addition, the Central Psychological Autopsy Center and the Metropolitan Mental Health Promotion Center are conducting psychological autopsy on ordinary citizens, and based on this, they propose policy proposals for suicide prevention. However, when a police officer commits suicide, psychological autopsy is not performed on them. In this stud

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