Journal articles: 'Political aspects of Minimum wage'

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SuhĂˇnyiovĂˇ, AlĹľbeta, and Ladislav SuhĂˇnyi. "SELECTED ASPECTS OF SUBSISTENCE MINIMUM IN SLOVAKIA." CBU International Conference Proceedings 5 (September 23, 2017): 470–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.12955/cbup.v5.968.

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The subsistence minimum is a socially recognized minimum level of income for a person; any person whose income is below this level is considered to be in material need. It is one of the key elements of socio-political interventions; in that it binds with important functions in different areas. The level of minimum wage in Slovakia has not changed for the last four years, and now, this issue is a subject of extensive discussions in professional and scientific circles. The paper describes the subsistence minimum and presents the significant legislative changes that affect the functions of the subsistence minimum. The paper analyses, examines, and evaluates the development of the subsistence minimum of: an adult natural person, of another jointly assessed adult person, of non-dependent underage children, and of dependent children â€“ in the period from 1998 to 2016 (the present). The paper also reflects on the current situation in dealing with the issue of the subsistence minimum and its impact on selected social benefits and personal income taxes in Slovakia. The results of the research helped us to propose recommendations on the issue of setting the subsistence minimum and the whole issue as such.

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Gutsalenko, L. V., and D. O. Mokiienko. "Modern remuneration system in foreign country." Bioeconomics and Agrarian Business 11, no. 1 (May 29, 2020): 40–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.31548/bioeconomy2020.01.040.

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The article describes the formation features of modern remuneration systems, taking into account the main aspects and methods of labour organization in foreign countries. It also determines the requirements for compulsory salary increase in certain foreign countries. The article focuses on the observers’ forecast of remuneration level changes and the formation of five trends in employee salary and additional payments, such as: regular bonus payments for performance; transparent remuneration; more employees will receive bonuses; analysis of equity aimed at remuneration payments; the formation by states of their own minimum wage policy. It notes that there has been a positive economic change and an increase in demand among states due to increased political influence on the establishment of minimum wages. The data on the minimum wage for January 2020 has been studied and it was pointed that in 2020 Ukraine took the fifteenth place out of 54 countries in the growth rating of minimum wages in the world. Moreover, the main components of the system used at enterprises to provide incentives and increase productivity of employees have been determined. It is also noted that in some foreign countries there is a tendency to regulate and establish maximum wages of intellectual workers. The article gives a comparative analysis of wages of intellectual workers versus manual workers; and it indicates that the wages of intellectual workers are on average higher than wages of manual workers: in Germany – by 20%; in Italy and Denmark — by 22 %; in Luxembourg — by 44 %; in France and Belgium — by 61 %. In comparison with qualified workers, craftsmen earn more: in Germany – by 15%; in the Netherlands — by 23 %, in France— by 30 %, in Belgium — by 40 %. In the United States, lower-level executives (craftsmen, group and sector leaders) have an annual income on average 1.5 times higher than an annual income of manual workers. The article points out that foreign countries tend to use and combine various remuneration systems, each of which consists of two parts: basic (permanent) and additional (variable). It has been suggested to improve and develop new approaches to provide incentives for employees of domestic enterprises that will have a positive impact on their performance.

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Leijten, Ingrid. "The German Right to anExistenzminimum, Human Dignity, and the Possibility of Minimum Core Socioeconomic Rights Protection." German Law Journal 16, no. 1 (March 1, 2015): 23–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s2071832200019416.

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Due to the financial crisis, European states are struggling to make both ends meet and comply with budgetary requirements, This results in cutting pensions and the public wage bill, as well as in phasing out subsidies and other forms of assistance, Although welfare state arrangements have become more limited in the past several decades, especially now, in these times of austerity, it is worth asking how far states can go in limiting social welfare programs, On the one hand, it can be said that there need to be fundamental rights-based limits to the legitimate phasing out or cutting down of existing arrangements to ensure that a minimum level of social arrangements is at all times guaranteed. On the other hand, it is hard to curtail the legislature's freedom by setting such limits, as the political sensitivity, technical aspects, and budgetary implications of social measures seemingly do not allow for too much fundamental rights rhetoric.

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Voznyak, Halyna, and Iryna Zherebylo. "Social aspects of Ukrainian economy development: current state and new challenges." Socio-Economic Problems of the Modern Period of Ukraine, no. 5(139) (2019): 33–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.36818/2071-4653-2019-5-5.

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Modern changes in the economy of Ukraine caused by the socio-political situation in the country as well as a number of initiated reforms encourage scientific exploration of the socio-economic development of the country. The purpose of the article is to conduct a problem-oriented analysis of the social component of the economy of Ukraine. The article presents the results of a study of socio-economic development of Ukraine during the past five years. The following areas of analysis were selected: labor markets, poverty, unemployment, income / expenditures of the population. Low growth rates of the subsistence level are proven to be causing a decrease in social standards, which negatively affects the living standards of the population in Ukraine; a significant drop in real income of the population in 2014-2015 aggravated the purchasing power of the population; the increase in the share of wages and social benefits in the structure of the population's income during the analyzed period is an indication of the excessive dependence of the population's well-being on state support, as well as the absence of the so-called middle class in the country. The visible growth in the unemployment rate is caused by the military actions in the East of Ukraine, the deepening of the financial and economic crisis and the deterioration of the socio-political situation in the country. Emphasis is placed on differentiation in wages in economic sectors. Low level of the average salary in the budget sphere is proven to be caused by the peculiarities of calculating the size of the minimum salary on the basis of the subsistence minimum, which ultimately leads to the “depreciation” of the work of employees of the budgetary sphere and the reduction of the cost of highly skilled labor. Challenges to further development of Ukraine have been identified, such as excessive unemployment, poor level of remuneration, the level of social protection, military conflict in Eastern Ukraine among the key ones.

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Ram, Monder, Paul Edwards, Trevor Jones, and Maria Villares-Varela. "From the informal economy to the meaning of informality." International Journal of Sociology and Social Policy 37, no. 7/8 (July 11, 2017): 361–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijssp-06-2016-0075.

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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to assess ways in which informality can be understood and reviews an emerging area of management scholarship. The origins and nature of informality are discussed with the aid of two different theoretical tools: “workplace sociology” (WS) and “mixed embeddedness” (ME). Design/methodology/approach The analysis is grounded in empirical material reflecting different aspects of informality mainly within the ethnic economy, such as a study on the implementation of the National Minimum Wage regulations (Ram et al., 2007; Jones et al., 2004, 2006). Findings The authors argue that the combination of WS and ME provides a valuable means of content and character of informality. It can also help to explaining variations and patterns within the informal economy, as well as understanding new forms of informality in the ethnic economy and beyond in “superdiverse” contexts. Originality/value This paper bridges two different theoretical approaches to explain the interactions between the firm and state regulations, as well as the workplace relations between employer and employees.

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Harb, Mustafa. "Theoretical Framework of Democratic Transition: Mechanisms of Democratization." Grani 23, no. 6-7 (August 30, 2020): 55–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.15421/172065.

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Democratic transition from authoritarian rule has been an important focus of scholarly interest since 1970s. The democratic transition literature presented many concepts, theoretical arguments, methodological and analytical approaches to tackle with this phenomenon. This huge academic accumulation came in conjunction with what was called the third wave of democratization which started in the mid-seventies beginning from southern Europe, and extended during the decades of the eighties and nineties to include many countries around the globe. Democratic transition can be defined as a political process of establishing or enlarging the possibility of democratic participation and liberalization. This process reflects the redistribution of power between the state and the civil society. It is accompanied by the appearance of different centers of power and the introduction of the political debate. The article concentrates on the mechanisms which lead to the consensus between political actors which perform this democratic transformation. Democratic transition thus always requires a mechanism of negotiations, political talks, facilitating compromises between authoritarian politicians and democratic opposition and engendering a minimum level of trust between these parties. The strategy of political compromise has a major impact on the stability of society during the democratic transition period. This article addresses the concept of democratic transition alongside with general theories of democratization and the emergence of democratic transition studies. It focuses on some aspects in explaining the democratic transition theory. The negotiations, political talks and their impact on democratic transitions are also explored by the author. The article specifies the ways and methods through which the democratic transition is taking place in the global world.

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Skidmore, Paul. "Enforcing the Minimum Wage." Journal of Law and Society 26, no. 4 (December 1999): 427–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1467-6478.00135.

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Henly, Julia R., Susan J. Lambert, and Laura Dresser. "The New Realities of Working-Class Jobs: Employer Practices, Worker Protections, and Employee Voice to Improve Job Quality." ANNALS of the American Academy of Political and Social Science 695, no. 1 (May 2021): 208–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/00027162211028130.

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Over the last 40 years, changing employer practices have introduced instability and insecurity into working-class jobs, limiting the voice that employees have in their own employment and deteriorating overall job quality. In the decade after the Great Recession, slow but sustained economic growth benefitted workers in terms of generally higher employment and wages and reductions in involuntary part-time work. But we show that in that same period, other aspects of working-class jobs changed in ways that were less advantageous to workers. We examine recent, troubling trends in nonstandard employment, precarious scheduling practices, and employer labor violations, arguing that without the introduction of policies that rebalance terms of employment toward worker interests, an economic recovery alone is unlikely to reverse the overall trend toward reductions in job quality. We argue for federal-level policies that expand public insurance programs, establish minimum standards of job quality, and include avenues for collective employee voice in employment and public policy debates. Such strategies have potential to improve job quality.

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Devine, Joel A., and James D. Wright. "Minimum wage, maximum hokum." Society 27, no. 5 (July 1990): 50–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02698731.

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Adams, Zoe. "UNDERSTANDING THE MINIMUM WAGE: POLITICAL ECONOMY AND LEGAL FORM." Cambridge Law Journal 78, no. 1 (March 2019): 42–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0008197318001009.

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AbstractThis article explores how the legal system has constructed, over time, the concept of the “wage”. Drawing on insights from classical political economy it contrasts a conception of the wage as the cost of social reproduction (a “social wage”), with the neoclassical notion of the wage as the price of a commodity (a “market wage”) that we see embedded in legal and political discourse today. Drawing on historical sources, it explores how these competing ideas of the wage have been reconstructed in juridical language in case law and legislation over time, exploring at the same time the impact of this process on the relationship between minimum wages and tax credits. This analysis is then used to shed light on the conception of the wage embedded in the National Minimum Wage Act 1998, providing a critical re-evaluation of the “National Living Wage” introduced in 2016.

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Bloch, Farrell E. "Political support for minimum wage legislation: 1989." Journal of Labor Research 14, no. 2 (June 1993): 187–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02685664.

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Croucher, Richard, and Geoff White. "ENFORCING A NATIONAL MINIMUM WAGE." Policy Studies 28, no. 2 (June 2007): 145–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01442870701309080.

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Von Scheven, Elsa, and Ivan Light. "Minimum Wage and Mexican and Central American Influx." Sociological Perspectives 55, no. 4 (December 2012): 613–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/sop.2012.55.4.613.

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In the 1990s, thirteen American states raised their minimum wage above the federal level, while the other thirty-five contiguous states retained the lower federal standard. An increased minimum wage should reduce employment among the lowest-paid workers, and therefore reduce their influx. Using individual-level data from the 5% Public Use Sample of the 2000 U.S. Census of Population, this research examines the effects of forty-eight contiguous U.S. states' minimum wage policies on the settlement choices of recently arrived Mexican and Central American immigrants. As predicted, the authors found that these Mexican and Central American immigrants were less likely to settle in states that implemented above-federal minimum wages during the 1990s as opposed to settling in states that retained the federal-level minimum wage during that decade. Conversely, states' minimum wage policies had no effect upon the influx of recent immigrants from other countries. These results suggest that states can influence the influx of low-wage immigrants by adjusting their minimum wage.

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Fridmansʹka, V. I. "Constitutional aspects of decent wage." Uzhhorod National University Herald. Series: Law, no. 63 (August 9, 2021): 101–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.24144/2307-3322.2021.63.18.

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The article examines the legal nature of decent wages, assesses the concept of wages through the category of its dignity, fairness and sufficient and decent standard of living, as well as analyzes the advantages and disadvantages of legal regulation of decent wages. Fair and satisfactory remuneration in this study is considered as a guarantee of a dignified existence of the person and his family and is perceived in the context of fair working conditions. The analysis of the concept of a dignified life is analyzed through the prism of constitutional and legal doctrine in the context of the main duty of the state. To this end, the basic international and European standards for ensuring the fundamental human rights to a fair reward, a fair existence and a sufficient standard of living for individuals and their families are considered. The right to fair remuneration is considered through the constitutional provisions of determining the main direction of the state to ensure human rights and freedoms and decent living conditions, recognition of man, his life and health, honor and dignity, inviolability and security of the highest social value and the establishment and protection of human rights human freedoms as the main duty of the state. An analysis of the main legal positions of the court of constitutional jurisdiction on the issues of determining a sufficient and decent standard of living, a decent human life, the minimum requirements for living in conditions worthy of a person and protection from poverty. It is proved that the success of the implementation of the elements of decent work in Ukraine requires coordinated actions of the social partners on the way to guarantee a decent salary as an important factor in the concept of decent work. It is concluded that the concept of "decent pay" is still not established and is in constant development. No normative legal act of Ukraine mentions the concept of "decent pay", so there is an urgent need for its constitutionalization. It is not necessary to limit the wording only to the content of such a concept, but also to determine the conditions and guarantees of compliance, provision and protection.

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Guy, Leondre A. "Procedural Fairness: Minimum Wage or Minimum Democratic Governance?" Studies in Social Science Research 1, no. 1 (April 21, 2020): p16. http://dx.doi.org/10.22158/sssr.v1n1p16.

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This article critically examines the Ontario government announcing in its 2007 budget that it would increase the minimum wage incrementally, the last hike to occur in March 2010. In March 2009, Premier McGuinty met with business leaders in a private, behind closed doors meeting. News of this leaked out revealing that he stated that he might cancel the remaining increases given economic conditions. Pressed by reporters to explain his apparent flip flop, and shamed by the lack of transparency, he reversed himself again saying this: When we talk about the minimum wage, we have to ask ourselves what it is that we owe both our workers and employers. I think clearly we owe them fairness. Our commitment was to get $10.25 an hour one year from now and we will honour that commitment. This article will review the procedural fairness issues arising in this scenario including both the legal definition and the political implications for democratic governance.

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Naumovski, Ljupcho. "Business Law Service in the Workplace as a Career Trend or To Wage Erosion - Minimum Wage." International Journal of Law and Public Policy 3, no. 1 (March 11, 2021): 30–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.36079/lamintang.ijlapp-0301.183.

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The author, motivated and motivated by the importance of the minimum wage, tried to make the relevance of this paper based on inconsistencies in the equality of legal regulation of the minimum wage; the theoretical objectivity of the legal regulation of the minimum wage; controversial definition and meaning of minimum wage. Theme. Institution minimum wage in Central and Eastern Europe (CEE). Objectives. Theoretical and legal aspects of the minimum wage in CEE. The purpose of the research - Overview of CEEC in the economic field/relations regarding the current demand for the minimum wage to the workplace. Methodology. The dialectical method with the methods of formal-logical, system-structural, comparative legal and statistical analysis through the study of monographs, scientific literature, analysis of existing laws and regulations, data synthesis. The methodological basis of this work is the study of professional literary sources on this topic, their analysis and generalization so that this work will use excerpts from the above sources. Theoretical basis. The scientific basis of the research is the study of monographs, scientific articles of general theoretical and sectoral nature of scientists in the world. The empirical basis is from international legal acts, laws and other regulatory legal acts. In this situation, we mean the importance of the level of payment, but not the inadmissibility of determining a payment less than the minimum wage. However, for the minimum wage to fulfil its economic, social and legal function today, it must be set at a sufficiently appropriate level.

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Fedorets, Alexandra, and Carsten Schröder. "Economic Aspects of Subjective Attitudes towards the German Minimum-Wage Reform." FinanzArchiv 75, no. 4 (2019): 357. http://dx.doi.org/10.1628/fa-2019-0005.

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Meyer, Brett. "Learning to Love the Government." World Politics 68, no. 3 (May 18, 2016): 538–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0043887116000058.

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One counterintuitive variation in wage-setting regulation is that countries with the highest labor standards and strongest labor movements are among the least likely to set a statutory minimum wage. This, the author argues, is due largely to trade union opposition. Trade unions oppose the minimum wage when they face minimal low-wage competition, which is affected by the political institutions regulating industrial action, collective agreements, and employment, as well as by the skill and wage levels of their members. When political institutions effectively regulate low-wage competition, unions oppose the minimum wage. When political institutions are less favorable toward unions, there may be a cleavage between high- and low-wage unions in their minimum wage preferences. The argument is illustrated with case studies of the UK, Germany, and Sweden. The author demonstrates how the regulation of low-wage competition affects unions’ minimum wage preferences by exploiting the following labor market institutional shocks: the Conservatives’ labor law reforms in the UK, the Hartz labor market reforms in Germany, and the European Court of Justice's Laval ruling in Sweden. The importance of union preferences for minimum wage adoption is also shown by how trade union confederation preferences influenced the position of the Labour Party in the UK and the Social Democratic Party in Germany.

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Ford, William F., Travis Minor, and Mark F. Owens. "State Minimum Wage Differences: Economic Factors or Political Inclinations?" Business Economics 47, no. 1 (January 2012): 57–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/be.2011.37.

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Krajewska, Anna, and Stefan Krajewski. "Is the Minimum Wage Detrimental to the Economy?" Olsztyn Economic Journal 8, no. 4 (December 31, 2013): 317–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.31648/oej.3242.

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The minimum wage in Poland is relatively low. It amounts only 1,600 PLN in 2013. Therefore, it is no surprise that the trade unions have been making efforts to have it raised to the level of 50% of the average salary. However, this has been met with staunch resistance from employers. The liberal model of the economy, which dominates in Poland, favours employers. Moreover, the attitude of the government, politicians, the media, as well as many scientists towards this is not favourable. These are the objections usually raised against the increase of minimum wage: - raising the minimum wage entails unemployment growth; - an increase in the minimum wage entails an increase in the average pay, with a consequent increase in the inflation rate; - the amount of the minimum wage and its growth rate is frequently the basis for an index-linked pay increase in the budget institutions and some social benefits, which results in an increase in fixed budget spending, which is not justified economically; - the minimum wage level, regarded by employers as too high, results in the practice of paying workers outside the official payroll, thereby extending the grey area; - an increase in the minimum wage is a threat to businesses, especially to micro-enterprises, which operate on the brink of insolvency and may face bankruptcy; - an increase in the minimum wage raises the cost of labour and makes businesses less competitive. This paper, in its later part, provides arguments against the allegations. There is a one-sided view of the issue of the minimum wage in Poland. Wages are regarded exclusively as an element of the cost of labour and, as such, they should not increase as this is detrimental to entrepreneurs and to the economy. Such analyses disregard the social and economic (in a broad context) aspects of having a minimum wage.

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Ehrentraut, Oliver, Philipp Kreuzer, Stefan Moog, Heidrun Weinelt, and Oliver Bruttel. "Die Auswirkungen des gesetzlichen Mindestlohns auf die Rentenentwicklung." Sozialer Fortschritt 70, no. 99 (August 17, 2021): 1–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.3790/sfo.2021.00.0000.j89y9q.

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Der Beitrag untersucht auf Basis eines Simulationsmodells und empirischer Daten die Auswirkungen des gesetzlichen Mindestlohns auf die Rentenversicherung. Dabei werden sowohl die Wirkungen auf das Rentensystem insgesamt als auch die individuellen Rentenansprüche von Beschäftigten analysiert. Auf das Rentensystem insgesamt hat der Mindestlohn praktisch keine Auswirkungen, weil der Impuls des Mindestlohns auf die gesamtwirtschaftliche Lohnsumme letztlich zu gering ist. Auf individueller Ebene können sich die Rentenanwartschaften der Versicherten je nachdem, wie deutlich ihr Verdienst aufgrund der Mindestlohneinführung gestiegen ist, erhöhen. Die Rentenanwartschaften bleiben aber bei einem Verdienst in Höhe des Mindestlohns selbst bei durchgängiger Vollzeitbeschäftigung unter dem Niveau der Grundsicherung im Alter. Abstract: The Effects of Minimum Wage on the Statutory Pension Insurance in Germany In 2015, Germany introduced a national minimum wage. Based on a simulation model and empirical data we analyse its effects on the statutory pension insurance. We will consider aggregate effects on the pension insurance system in total as well as on individual pension entitlements of employees. Our results show that the minimum wage has only negligible effects on the pension system as a whole because the minimum wage induced wage effects on the economy’s total wage bill are rather small. On the individual level, the minimum wage can help to increase individual pension entitlements. The magnitude depends on individual wage increases resulting from the minimum wage introduction. However, even continuous full-time employment at the minimum wage level will not be enough to lift individual pension entitlements above the guaranteed minimum pension level.

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Heyes, Jason, and Alex Gray. "Small firms and the national minimum wage." Policy Studies 25, no. 3 (September 2004): 209–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/0144287012000277499.

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Vishnevskaya, N. "Job and Worker Flows." World Economy and International Relations, no. 10 (2015): 62–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.20542/0131-2227-2015-10-62-76.

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Current economic literature demonstrates an increasing interest to the process of job’s creation and destruction as well to labor force turnover. The article summarizes the results of recent foreign theoretical and empirical research on various aspects of labor mobility. Particular attention is paid to the research analyzing differences in dynamics of labor and job reallocations in developed and transitional economies. The cross-country comparative analysis provide a basis for several important conclusions. Firstly, despite significant cross-country differences the dynamics of job reallocation in economies under transition exceeds on the whole those in developed countries. Secondly, the structure of the economy (manufacturing sector versus services) is one of the main factors determining both job and worker flows. Thirdly, there is an opposite relationship between the dynamics of job turnover and the size of enterprise. Small firms play a very important role in job creation, while large firms dominate in absolute numbers of jobs created. Fourthly, among the factors determining the differences in job and labor force dynamics institutional characteristics occupy an important place. This suggests that country-specific policies and institutions are likely to play an important role in determining the level of job and worker reallocation. Stringent employment protection for regular contracts is believed to have a statistically significant negative effect on the workers’ reallocation. Unemployment benefits’ generosity appears to have a positive impact on average gross worker flows. By contrast, statutory minimum wages do not seem to have any sizeable effect on gross worker flows.

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Marx, Paul, and Peter Starke. "Dualization as Destiny? The Political Economy of the German Minimum Wage Reform." Politics & Society 45, no. 4 (September 14, 2017): 559–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0032329217726793.

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Germany is widely seen as a “dualized” economy driven by a powerful and stable “insider” coalition in the manufacturing sectors. In this article, that picture is challenged. An examination of the political economy of the outsider-friendly 2014 Minimum Wage Act, using public opinion data, document analysis, and qualitative interviews, shows how earlier dualizing reforms led to unintended negative feedback effects: First, public opinion reacted negatively to increasing inequality in the years preceding the introduction of the minimum wage. Second, a remarkable shift is found among trade unions toward support of a minimum wage, even in manufacturing. Although the threat of low-wage competition and flexibilization did play a role, trade union solidarity was at least as important. Those endogenous dynamics came together in a self-undermining process unfolding over a relatively short period of time. Potential alternative explanations are explored, including classical partisan politics, party competition, and employer preferences.

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Dabscheck, Braham, and Jerold Waltman. "The Politics of the Minimum Wage." Labour History, no. 83 (2002): 239. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/27516905.

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Cubitt, Robin P., and Shaun P. Hargreaves Heap. "Minimum Wage Legislation, Investment and Human Capital." Scottish Journal of Political Economy 46, no. 2 (May 1999): 135–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1467-9485.00125.

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NORTH, DAVID S. "Enforcing the Minimum Wage and Employer Sanctions." ANNALS of the American Academy of Political and Social Science 534, no. 1 (July 1994): 58–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0002716294534001005.

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Fairchild, Daniel. "Does the minimum wage help the poor?" Forum for Social Economics 34, no. 1-2 (January 2004): 31–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02747502.

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Caraway, Teri L., Michele Ford, and Oanh K. Nguyen. "Politicizing the Minimum Wage: Wage Councils, Worker Mobilization, and Local Elections in Indonesia." Politics & Society 47, no. 2 (March 27, 2019): 251–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0032329219838917.

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Indonesia’s weak labor movement transformed local wage councils from institutions of wage restraint into institutions that delivered generous wage increases. This article argues that the arrival of direct elections created an opportunity for unions to leverage elections to alter the balance of power on the wage councils. Activating that leverage required increased contentiousness and coordination among unions. As unions mobilized around wages, conflict with capital intensified and produced disruptive protests that led incumbents to side with workers. Unions also developed innovative tactics to sustain momentum in nonelection years. As unions turned the wage councils in their favor, employers fought back by shifting the scale of the conflict to the national level; the result was the recentralization of wage setting and more modest increases. In a global context of ever weakening organized labor, the Indonesian case shows how weak unions can gain power by mobilizing politically at the local level.

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Pernica, Martin. "Conditions of Minimum Wage Indexation in Czech and Slovak Legislation in the Context of Business Economics." DANUBE: Law and Economics Review 7, no. 4 (December 1, 2016): 243–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/danb-2016-0016.

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Abstract The aim of the article is to assess – on the basis of a comparison of Czech and Slovak legislation relating to the conditions of the minimum wage indexation – whether it would be appropriate to use certain aspects of Slovak legislation in the Czech legislation and vice versa. When elaborating the article, some logical methods were used. In order to collect data, important employers were addressed in the South-Moravian Region. A carrying method used during the work was a comparison. Analyses were processed using the data of the Czech Statistical Office, the European Statistical Office and the Ministry of Labour and Social Affairs of the Czech Republic. To evaluate the research, the percentage representation of positive and negative responses and Pearson’s Chi-square test were used. The paper presents the results of research whose aim was to get the views of entrepreneurs regarding the minimum wage level and conditions of its indexation. Employers supported the idea of maintaining the institution of the minimum wage. A predominant portion of companies would welcome it if the minimum wage were derived on the basis of an average wage, and the vast majority of companies would welcome the annual indexation of the minimum wage by inflation.

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Schulten, Thorsten, and Torsten Müller. "What’s in a name? From minimum wages to living wages in Europe." Transfer: European Review of Labour and Research 25, no. 3 (August 2019): 267–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1024258919873989.

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The development of a European minimum wage policy is back on the political agenda. While in the past the debate about a European minimum wage policy was largely detached from developments at national level, more recently the debate has been based on various national-level initiatives to ensure a living wage that enables workers and their families to enjoy a decent standard of living. Based on an introduction to the living wage concept, this article analyses how recent living wage initiatives in several EU Member States and the development of a European minimum wage policy could mutually reinforce each other and eventually result in a European living wage policy. In view of the significant heterogeneity of minimum wage regimes and welfare state traditions across Europe, the article calls for a pragmatic approach that adopts a common European target of 60 per cent of the national median wage as the benchmark for an adequate minimum wage.

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Healy, Joshua. "The Quest for Fairness in Australian Minimum Wages." Journal of Industrial Relations 53, no. 5 (November 2011): 662–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0022185611419618.

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The attainment of ‘fairness’ is widely regarded as a worthy goal of setting minimum wages, but opinions differ sharply over how to achieve it. This article examines how interpretations of fairness shaped the minimum wage decisions of the Australian Industrial Relations Commission between 1997 and 2005. It explores the Commission's approaches to three aspects of fairness in minimum wages: first, eligibility for increases; second, the form of increase; and third, the rate of increase over time. The Australian Industrial Relations Commission consistently gave minimum wage increases that were expressed in dollar values and applied to all federal awards. Its decisions delivered real wage increases for the lowest paid, but led to falls in real and relative wages for the majority of award-reliant workers. Fair Work Australia, the authority now responsible for setting minimum wages in the national system, appears apprehensive about parts of the Australian Industrial Relations Commission's legacy and has foreshadowed a different approach, particularly with respect to the form of adjustment.

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Deakin, Simon, and Frank Wilkinson. "The Law and Economics of the Minimum Wage." Journal of Law and Society 19, no. 3 (1992): 379. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1409911.

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Sargeant, Malcolm. "The UK national minimum wage and age discrimination." Policy Studies 31, no. 3 (May 2010): 351–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01442871003616065.

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Wilson, Shaun. "The Politics of ‘Minimum Wage’ Welfare States: The Changing Significance of the Minimum Wage in the Liberal Welfare Regime." Social Policy & Administration 51, no. 2 (February 3, 2017): 244–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/spol.12286.

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TALWAR, JENNIFER PARKER. "Contradictory Assumptions in the Minimum-Wage Workplace." Journal of Contemporary Ethnography 30, no. 1 (February 2001): 92–127. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/089124101030001003.

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Rose, Shanna. "State Minimum Wage Laws as a Response to Federal Inaction." State and Local Government Review 52, no. 4 (December 2020): 277–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0160323x211000824.

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This article analyzes state legislative and ballot measure activity related to the minimum wage between 2003 and 2020. The analysis distinguishes proposals to raise the minimum wage from those to index it to the annual rate of inflation, and examines the proposed dollar amount, the process used (legislation vs. ballot measure), and the measure’s success or failure. The analysis suggests that state activity tends to increase when the minimum wage rises on the federal policy agenda, and that partisanship and ideology also play a central role in efforts to raise and index state minimum wages.

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Askari, Mahmoud Yousef. "Financing Human Capital Development By Increasing The Minimum Wage: Evidence From Canada." Journal of Applied Business Research (JABR) 31, no. 4 (July 13, 2015): 1605. http://dx.doi.org/10.19030/jabr.v31i4.9340.

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This study provides empirical evidence that using the minimum wage as a tool to generate extra taxes to establish a fully publically-funded higher education system is a harmless approach to boost funding for human capital development without changing governments spending priorities or raising current tax rates. The paper proposes a method to finance human capital development through higher education by generating more income taxes from a higher minimum wage and through an effective link of the minimum wage to the Consumer Price Index (CPI) in Canada. The paper also argues that indexed minimum wage adjustments will help in fighting poverty, maintain an acceptable living standard for minimum wage workers, reduce dependence on government subsidies, and make-work more attractive. The paper concludes that using minimum wage adjustments as a tool to generate tax revenues and fund higher education could be an effective fiscal tool and could be considered a safe political instrument.

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Page, Marianne E., Joanne Spetz, and Jane Millar. "Does the minimum wage affect welfare caseloads?" Journal of Policy Analysis and Management 24, no. 2 (2005): 273–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pam.20090.

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Seltzer, Andrew. "Causes and Consequences of American Minimum Wage Legislation, 1911–1947." Journal of Economic History 55, no. 2 (June 1995): 376–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022050700041139.

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Although in the last two decades there have been literally hundreds of studies of postwar minimum wage legislation, there have been but a handful of studies of the first federal minimum wage, the Fair Labor Standards Act of 1938 (FLSA), and no studies of the state laws that preceded it.1 My dissertation attempts to bridge this gap by examining the political economy and effects of early American minimum wage legislation.

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Yamada, Hiroyuki. "Evidence of the likely negative effect of the introduction of the minimum wage on the least skilled and poor through “labor-labor” substitution." International Journal of Development Issues 15, no. 1 (April 4, 2016): 21–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijdi-05-2015-0038.

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Purpose This study aims to test one hypothesis regarding the impact of the minimum wage on poverty: an increase or the introduction of the minimum wage raises the cost of hiring relatively unskilled workers, and makes inputs that are good substitutes for such workers more attractive. Design/methodology/approach Placebo analyses confirmed that a labor–labor substitution is induced by the introduction of the minimum wage. Findings This study found a labor–labor substitution within low-skill groups induced by the introduction of the minimum wage for domestic and farming work in South Africa. Practical implications The evidence implies that the minimum-wage policy may not be as effective for poverty reduction as some governments in emerging and developing countries claim. Originality/value No studies were found on labor–labor substitution in the context of emerging or developing countries. The clear contribution of this paper using South African data clearly lies here.

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Karpuškienė, Vita. "THE IMPACT OF MINIMUM WAGE ON THE LABOUR MARKET OF LITHUANIA." Ekonomika 90, no. 2 (January 1, 2011): 78–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.15388/ekon.2011.0.946.

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Recently, Lithuanian trade unions have announced the requirement for the government to raise the minimum wage by more than 10 percent, e.g. from 800 to 900 Lt. The aim of the study was to investigate the possible consequences of the implementation of such a requirement. Minimum wage (MW) macroeconomics in theoretical aspects and the practical evidence of it consequences in the EU countries are analyzed in the first part of the article. The second part provides an assessment of the impact of the 100 Lt raise in MW on the Lithuanian labor market. This assessment is carried out using econometric techniques.

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Ofek-Ghendler, Hani. "Globalization and Social Justice: The Right to Minimum Wage." Law & Ethics of Human Rights 3, no. 2 (July 1, 2009): 267–300. http://dx.doi.org/10.2202/1938-2545.1039.

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The weakening of mechanisms for international cooperation within the context of the right to minimum wage can be explained by the increasing power of new players, the transnational corporations on the one hand, and the waning of the power of the state, on the other hand. These processes of globalization produce various challenges to the modern welfare state, such as the ability to attain minimum wage. This right is vital particularly to weakened workers that would otherwise be remunerated at a very low wage, which could likely lead to poverty. This right poses, however, numerous challenges, in particular the ability of international labor law to define it across borders. The article describes three models for defining this right: the existential deficiency model, the welfare model, and the comfort model and analyzes the various forms regulating the right to minimum wage in international regulations, state regulations, and codes of conduct of transnational corporations examining the ramifications of globalization within the context of labor rights. Moreover, the article suggests changes to international labor law, required to ensure that it functions as an effective instrument in protecting labor rights and proposes establishing regional parliamentsa supra-governmental bodycomposed of states and a broad array of interested private parties in its activities to establish fundamental principles relating to various areas of life, such as the basic rights of workers, taxation principles, and principles for protecting the environment. These regional bodies would decide which of the various models used for shaping the right to minimum wage should be adopted as a fundamental principle.

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Kisiel, Roman, and Magda Orłowska. "Minimum Wage and its Functions in Poland." Olsztyn Economic Journal 10, no. 1 (March 30, 2015): 63–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.31648/oej.3134.

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The article discusses the issues concerning the minimum wage. Remuneration is the inseparable element of work provided to the employer. Currently, numerous forms and types of it exist, among them the minimum wage which has been the subject of political and media discussions for many years. That subject attracts immense attention and on can find many different and contradictory opinions concerning it. The objective of this article is to draw attention to the issues of minimum wage in Poland analysing the results of own studies that were conducted in 2013. The questionnaire based survey covered 200 respondents, mainly employees, people searching for a job and employers. The questionnaire consisted of 21 questions with the legend (the last 5 questions concerning the sociodemographic situation of the respondents). The minimum wage in Poland is the subject of numerous arguments and disagreements among the employees, trade unions and the government; that is why the article presents not only the principles of minimum wage operation but also the consequences both positive and negative. It also presents the correlation between the costs of work and the minimum remuneration as well as its influence on employment moving from the discussion and analysis of own studies concerning the functioning of the minimum wage in Poland as seen by the unemployed, employees and employers. The vast majority of the respondents (79%) are for the minimum wage increase. And 69% of the respondents believe that the minimum remuneration has the largest influence on the employer.

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BROSNAN, PETER, and FRANK WILKINSON. "A NATIONAL STATUTORY MINIMUM WAGE AND ECONOMIC EFFICIENCY." Contributions to Political Economy 7, no. 1 (March 1988): 1–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.cpe.a035722.

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Nguyen, Loc H. "The Minimum Wage Increase: Will This Social Innovation Backfire?" Social Work 63, no. 4 (August 22, 2018): 367–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/sw/swy040.

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Romich, Jennifer L., Scott W. Allard, Emmi E. Obara, Anne K. Althauser, and James H. Buszkiewicz. "Employer Responses to a City-Level Minimum Wage Mandate: Early Evidence from Seattle." Urban Affairs Review 56, no. 2 (August 1, 2018): 451–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1078087418787667.

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A growing number of cities and counties have recently raised their minimum wages. How employers respond to these mandates provides insight into the impact such policies might have on workers and local labor market. Drawing on two survey waves tracking initial responses to Seattle’s $15 Minimum Wage Ordinance by 439 employers with low-wage workers, we show how employers adjusted to higher wages. Most commonly, firms raised prices (56% reported this); smaller percentages reduced employee headcount or hours, limited internal wage progression, or took other measures. Single-site Seattle employers responded similarly to those with multiple sites. Food and accommodation sector employers were more likely to raise prices than firms in other sectors. Relative to other ownership structures, franchises disproportionately reported reducing their workforces. Very few employers reported withdrawing from Seattle. Overall, initial employer responses to this city-level minimum wage law align with predictions from the literature, findings that highlight trade-offs that policy makers must consider in future local wage regulation.

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Galvin, Daniel J. "Deterring Wage Theft: Alt-Labor, State Politics, and the Policy Determinants of Minimum Wage Compliance." Perspectives on Politics 14, no. 2 (June 2016): 324–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1537592716000050.

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Can stronger state-level public policies help protect workers from “wage theft?” In recent years, workers' rights groups have responded to policy drift and legislative inaction at the national level by launching campaigns to enact stronger penalties for wage and hour violations at the state level. Many of these campaigns have been legislatively successful and formative for the development of “alt-labor.” But are such policies actually effective in deterring wage theft? Previous scholarship has long concluded that although stronger penalties should theoretically make a difference, in practice, they do not. But by confining the analysis to the admittedly weak national-level regulatory regime, the existing literature has eliminated all variation from the costs side of the equation and overlooked the rich variety of employment laws that exist at the state level. Using an original dataset of state laws, new estimates of minimum wage violations, and difference-in-differences analyses of a dozen recently enacted “wage-theft laws,” I find that stronger penalties can, in fact, serve as an effective deterrent against wage theft, but the structure of the policy matters a great deal, as does its enforcement. The implications for workers' rights and the changing shape of the labor movement are discussed in detail.

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Nurhayati, Siti, and Sumarno . "Law Enforcement against the Implementation of the Provisions Payment of Workers’ Wages is Reviewed from Aspects of Employment Criminal Law." International Journal of Research and Review 8, no. 9 (September 4, 2021): 57–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.52403/ijrr.20210910.

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Wage problems are the most commonly disputed issues between workers and employers, which can result in disharmony in employment relationships. For the workers / workers see wages as a source of income to meet the needs of life and family, while on the part of employers see wages as one of the burdens that must be borne because it is part of the cost of production. Employers who pay wages lower than the minimum wage are part of the criminal law of the employment field. The position of employment law in the field of criminal law needs to be applied so that criminal matters related to employment can be enforced on this civilized and civilized earth. Doctrinal research type, normative juridical. The results obtained from this study that wage payments below the District Sector Minimum Wage (UMSK) are not only sanctioned by the company but also subject to criminal sanctions in accordance with Article 88E paragraph (2) juncto Article 185 of Law No. 11 of 2020 on Copyright Work. The reason for wage payment under UMSK is due to the situation and condition of the company that is not financially able to make a joint agreement between workers / workers and the company can’t be legally allowed The Company has not filed a suspension of wage payments under UMSK to the Department of Manpower and Transmigration, so the Company's actions are contrary to the legislation and null and void and the Court can impose a prison sentence of 2 (two) years in prison and a fine of Rp. 200,000,000.00 (two hundred million rupiah). Keywords: Law Enforcement, Wage Payment, Criminal Employment.

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Hirsch, Donald. "The ‘living wage’ and low income: Can adequate pay contribute to adequate family living standards?" Critical Social Policy 38, no. 2 (September 15, 2017): 367–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0261018317729469.

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The success of the contemporary ‘living wage’ movement has been highlighted by the UK government’s decision to increase the statutory minimum wage for over-25s sharply, in the name of improving living standards. This breaks with neoliberal reluctance to intervene in labour markets, yet raises difficult issues centring around whether minimum hourly pay rates are suited to promoting adequate household incomes. At worst, ‘living wages’ could distract from other policies with this objective. This article acknowledges recent critiques of the living wage as an anti-poverty measure, but demonstrates that, in combination with other policies, wage floors can play a crucial role. It shows that low pay and inadequate working incomes overlap substantially. The article argues that governments promising that work will deliver adequate living standards need a clearer narrative in which pay, public transfers/subsidies and sufficient levels of employment combine to deliver minimum acceptable living standards for working families.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Political aspects of Minimum wage'

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