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Journal articles on the topic 'Political economy of aging'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 17 February 2022

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1

Tosun, Mehmet Serkan. "Population aging and economic growth: political economy and open economy effects." Economics Letters 81, no. 3 (December 2003): 291–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0165-1765(03)00195-2.

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2

Hendricks, Jon, and Cynthia A. Leedham. "Toward a Political and Moral Economy of Aging: An Alternative Perspective." International Journal of Health Services 22, no. 1 (January 1992): 125–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.2190/n7y1-98f9-0qar-v4mm.

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A conceptual framework for empowerment of the elderly is proposed, using variations on Gramsci's hegemony and Thompson's moral economy to complement recent political economic and social psychological theories. The political economy and social psychology of aging highlight structural constraints and actors' reactions without articulating a model for empowerment. Gramsci's idea of hegemony as new moral and philosophical leadership calls for principles of social and economic organization deserving assent because they maximize people's chances for a decent life at all ages. Hegemony, as normalizing dominance, reveals ways in which the elderly may be disempowered as well as possibilities for intervention. Underlying diverse forms of hegemony are economic arrangements and an array of cultural norms. In contrast to Thompson, the authors argue that norms implicit in moral economy vary with changes in social context. In the process, two ideal types of moral economy are elaborated, grounded in exchange value and use value, respectively. Empowerment may be found through a moral economy grounded in use value appropriate to advanced industrial society that is consonant with Gramsci's new hegemony. Implications for health and income maintenance policies are explored.

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3

Minkler, Meredith, and Thomas R. Cole. "The Political and Moral Economy of Aging: Not Such Strange Bedfellows." International Journal of Health Services 22, no. 1 (January 1992): 113–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.2190/tlv2-4qfm-8pv4-np3r.

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The authors develop E. P. Thompson's concept of moral economy as a useful complement to contemporary political economic analysis in problem areas involving moral conflict. Defined as the shared assumptions underlying norms of reciprocity in which an economic system is grounded, moral economy is seen as holding particular relevance for the study of aging. The evolution of pension systems, the “senior revolt” against catastrophic coverage in the United States, and debates over the allocation of health resources between generations are used to illustrate the utility of a combined political and moral economy for enriching our understanding in these areas. Marx's concept of a “morality of emancipation” is described as holding particular promise for the development of a new moral economy of old age that would move beyond alienation by giving broad attention to quality of life issues at each stage of the life course.

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4

Polivka, Larry. "The Political Economy of Aging Services in the United States Since the Aging Enterprise." Innovation in Aging 4, Supplement_1 (December 1, 2020): 719. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/geroni/igaa057.2538.

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Abstract The Aging Enterprise was the first book length analysis of the origins and operations of the aging services system that grew out of the 1963 Older Americans Act and provided the first state system of community-based services. The book also featured an original critique of the aging services system based on an application of the theoretical perspectives that were new to social gerontology. This presentation will use one of these perspectives, the political economy of aging in the U.S., to chart changes in aging services systems since the publication of The Aging Enterprise. The presentation will show that Estes’ pioneering work on the application of the political economy perspective on aging policies and programs in the US, is more relevant to our understanding of these programs than it was 40 years ago, by describing and analyzing the increasing control of for profit corporations over the aging services systems. Part of a symposium sponsored by the Women's Issues Interest Group.

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5

Ono, Tetsuo. "The Political Economy of Environmental Taxes with an Aging Population." Environmental & Resource Economics 30, no. 2 (February 2005): 165–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10640-004-1517-0.

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6

Petersen, Alan, and Kate Seear. "In Search of Immortality: The Political Economy of Anti-aging Medicine." Medicine Studies 1, no. 3 (August 2009): 267–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12376-009-0020-x.

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7

Bould, Sally, Meredith Minkler, and Carroll L. Estes. "Critical Perspectives on Aging: The Political and Moral Economy of Growing Old." Contemporary Sociology 21, no. 1 (January 1992): 77. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2074754.

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8

Polivka, Larry, and Carroll Estes. "The Aging Enterprise: A 40-Year Retrospective." Innovation in Aging 4, Supplement_1 (December 1, 2020): 718–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/geroni/igaa057.2537.

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Abstract Dr. Carroll Estes has long been recognized as one of our most influential social gerontologists beginning with the publication of the Aging Enterprise over 40 years ago. This book quickly achieved iconic status among gerontologists and other social scientists as one of the founding texts in critical gerontology, which Dr. Estes has played a leading role in developing with numerous publications over the course of her illustrious career. The panelists will focus on Dr. Estes’ application of the theoretical frameworks offered by the social construction of reality and the political economy of aging to a critique of federal and state policies designed to improve the quality of life of older Americans. Many of the programs and policies included in Dr. Estes’ critique are still in place, including the Older Americans Act and the nonprofit aging network. On the other hand, much about the aging enterprise has changed since 1979. The panelists, Drs. Chris Phillipson, Pamela Herd and Larry Polivka, will discuss the value of and challenges to these theoretical and empirical perspectives within the current contemporary neoliberal political economy that has gradually displaced the welfare state capitalism of the postwar period. As this shift has occurred in the political economy, a neoliberal policy agenda featuring for-profit privatization of public services, including aging services, has become dominant at the federal and state levels. Dr. Estes will respond to the panelists’ presentations and discuss the future of critical gerontology. Women's Issues Interest Group Sponsored Symposium.

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9

Pestieau, Pierre, and William A. Jackson. "The Political Economy of Population Ageing." Southern Economic Journal 66, no. 3 (January 2000): 813. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1061446.

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10

Tosun, Mehmet S. "Global Aging and Fiscal Policy with International Labor Mobility: A Political Economy Perspective." IMF Working Papers 05, no. 140 (2005): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.5089/9781451861594.001.

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11

Kennedy, Jae, and Meredith Minkler. "Disability Theory and Public Policy: Implications for Critical Gerontology." International Journal of Health Services 28, no. 4 (October 1998): 757–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.2190/3c1x-tqae-7udm-2nwq.

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Current gerontological theories and aging policy often fail to acknowledge the social and economic consequences of disability in later life, while disability theories and policies tend to focus only on the employment impacts of disability in younger populations. This article attempts to apply a critical gerontology framework to aging and disability issues. The authors review theoretical models of the disablement process, and note the primacy of environmental factors. The production and distribution of disability are assessed, using both social epidemiology and political economy insights. The authors examine the linkage of disability and work impedance and the consequences in disability programming, giving special consideration to inherent age, gender, and racial biases. Some of the historical antecedents of disability stigma in aging populations are also identified. The article concludes by suggesting that analysts and policymakers who wish to address the tremendous social and economic inequities that accompany aging and disability should look to the principles put forth by the independent living movement and to recent work on the moral economy of interdependency over the life course.

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12

Jäger, Philipp, and Torsten Schmidt. "The political economy of public investment when population is aging: A panel cointegration analysis." European Journal of Political Economy 43 (June 2016): 145–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ejpoleco.2016.04.004.

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13

Vlandas, Tim. "Grey power and the Economy: Aging and Inflation Across Advanced Economies." Comparative Political Studies 51, no. 4 (June 9, 2017): 514–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0010414017710261.

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What explains the cross-national variation in inflation rates across countries? In contrast to most literature, which emphasizes the role of ideas and institutions, this article focuses on electoral politics and argues that aging leads to lower inflation rates. Countries with a larger share of elderly exhibit lower inflation because older people are both more inflation averse and politically powerful, forcing parties seeking their votes to pursue lower inflation. Logistic regression analysis of survey data confirms that older people are more inflation averse and more likely to punish incumbents at the ballot box for inflation. Panel data regression analysis shows that social democratic parties have more economically orthodox manifestos in European countries with more elderly people, and that the share of elderly is negatively correlated with inflation in both a sample of 21 advanced economies and a larger sample of 175 countries. Aging therefore pushes governments to pursue lower inflation.

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14

Phillipson, Christopher. "PRECARITY AND AGING: THE SOCIAL CONSTRUCTION OF RISK IN LATER LIFE." Innovation in Aging 3, Supplement_1 (November 2019): S588. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/geroni/igz038.2182.

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Abstract This paper examines the growth of precarious lives in the context of policies which have marginalised the welfare state and priorities of social inclusion/security. Blackburn observes that ageing societies ‘requires new welfare principles not their repudiation’. However, the reality has been the erosion of the social solidarity which gave the welfare state legitimacy. In Europe, one set of welfare and related institutions is being abandoned, replaced by precarious arrangements -- extended working lives, privatization of pensions, and greater demand for women especially) for unpaid work. This paper 1) draws upon perspectives from political economy and sociology to examine precarity, 2) considers ‘precarious ageing’ as a competing or complementary view to theories of ‘active’ and ‘successful ageing’ third, examines specific dimensions of precarity (work, resources, the environment, frailty), assessing prospects for an index of precarity and aging; finally, considers the public policy implications of the growth of old-age precarity .

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15

Weller, Christian E., and Martin Sicker. "The Political Economy of Work in the 21st Century: Implications for an Aging American Workforce." Industrial and Labor Relations Review 57, no. 1 (October 2003): 144. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3590988.

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16

Dabrowski, Marek. "Factors determining Russia’s long-term growth rate." Russian Journal of Economics 5, no. 4 (December 20, 2019): 328–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.32609/j.ruje.5.49417.

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In the decade of the 2010s, the pace of economic growth in Russia slowed down to an annual rate of below 2% and most forecasts suggest that this is will be the new “normal” for the Russian economy at least in the medium-term. While politically and socially disappointing, such a growth slowdown is unavoidable due to adverse demographic trends. A combination of a shrinking working-age population and population aging must lead to a lower growth pace as compared to the period when the working-age population was still increasing and the effects of population aging were limited (the decade of the 2000s). Compensatory measures such as a gradual increase in the retirement age and an open labor migration policy, although economically positive, can only partly mitigate the negative effects of a shrinking domestic labor force. In this respect, Russia does not differ from other European countries and some Asian countries. However, demography and shrinking labor supply cannot fully explain low potential growth. Stagnation in total factor productivity is another reason. It results from a poor business and investment climate, difficulty in diversifying away from the dominant role of the hydrocarbon sector, and deteriorating political and economic relations with the US and EU which limit trade, investment and innovation opportunities. To increase its potential growth, Russia needs comprehensive economic and institutional reforms that, in turn, will be conditioned by political reforms and by improved economic and political relationships with the US, the EU and Russia’s neighbors.

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17

Wallace, S. P. "THE RELEVANCE OF A POLITICAL ECONOMY OF AGING ANALYSIS IN A SOCIAL DETERMINANTS OF HEALTH ERA." Innovation in Aging 2, suppl_1 (November 1, 2018): 369. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/geroni/igy023.1366.

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18

Thomas-Holladay, Diane. "The Political Economy of Work in the 21st Century: Implications for an Aging American Workforce (review)." Labor Studies Journal 29, no. 2 (2004): 131–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/lab.2004.0009.

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19

TEPE, MARKUS, and PIETER VANHUYSSE. "Are Aging OECD Welfare States on the Path to Gerontocracy?" Journal of Public Policy 29, no. 1 (April 2009): 1–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0143814x0900097x.

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ABSTRACTSince 1990 the age of the average OECD median voter has increased three times faster than in the preceding 30 years. We use panel data from 1980–2002 to investigate the effects of population aging on both the program size and the benefit generosity of public pensions in 18 OECD countries. Population aging is accompanied by cutting smaller slices out of larger cakes: it increases aggregate spending on pensions but freezes or decreases the generosity of individual benefits. Controlling for political, institutional and time-period effects, we find that public pension efforts are significantly mediated by welfare regime type. Moreover, since the late 1980s pension effort has more fully adopted a retrenchment logic. It is the politics of fiscal and electoral straitjackets, not gerontocracy, which shape public pension spending today. While population aging is accelerating, contrary to alarmist political economy predictions democracies are not yet dominated by a new distributive politics of elderly power.

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20

WALKER, ALAN. "25th volume celebration paper Towards an international political economy of ageing." Ageing and Society 25, no. 6 (November 2005): 815–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0144686x05004307.

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This article is an initial scoping exercise for a research agenda on the international political economy of ageing. It begins with a brief review of the various critiques of the political economy perspective that have been made over the 25 years since the first article on the subject. Remarkable for its absence has been criticism of the neglect of an explicit international perspective. Then the article emphasises that it is not globalisation per se that is problematic but its dominant neo-liberal economic form. It is mainly because of this globalisation and the related growth in the power of international governmental organisations, such as The World Bank, that an international political economy of ageing is required. The bulk of the article is devoted to an outline of the eight key elements that might comprise a theoretical and empirical research agenda for social gerontology. These key elements are: global inequality in old age, development and ageing, globalism and the power of international governmental organisations, trans-national corporations, the nation state, supra-national regional structures, the United Nations, and international non-governmental organisations. In the spirit of the other articles that have celebrated the journal's 25th anniversary, this paper is intended to stimulate scientific debate.

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21

Zelkovitz, Bruce M. ": Critical Perspectives on Aging: The Political and Moral Economy of Growing Old . Meredith Minkler, Carroll L. Estes." Medical Anthropology Quarterly 7, no. 1 (March 1993): 108–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/maq.1993.7.1.02a00080.

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22

Bollain, Aida Diaz-Tendero. "Political Economy of Aging in Latin America and the Caribbean: Economic (In)Security of Older Persons in the Twenty-First Century." Open Journal of Social Sciences 05, no. 08 (2017): 83–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.4236/jss.2017.58007.

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23

Walker, A. "UNJUST AGEING: WHY POLITICAL ECONOMY IS STILL ESSENTIAL TO GERONTOLOGY." Innovation in Aging 2, suppl_1 (November 1, 2018): 369. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/geroni/igy023.1363.

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24

Vincent, John A. "Understanding generations: political economy and culture in an ageing society." British Journal of Sociology 56, no. 4 (December 2005): 579–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-4446.2005.00084.x.

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25

Trotman, Frances K. "Historical, Economic, and Political Contexts of Aging in African America." Journal of Women & Aging 14, no. 3-4 (June 2002): 121–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1300/j074v14n03_08.

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26

Yoon, Hye Jin. "An interdisciplinary study on art and cultural experiences in later life using the political economy of aging theory." KOREA SCIENCE & ART FORUM 22 (December 31, 2015): 243. http://dx.doi.org/10.17548/ksaf.2015.12.22.243.

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27

Portacolone, E., and P. Herd. "THE POLITICAL ECONOMY OF AGING IN THE 21ST CENTURY: THE INFLUENCE OF CARROLL ESTES’ SCHOLARSHIP IN SOCIAL GERONTOLOGY." Innovation in Aging 2, suppl_1 (November 1, 2018): 368–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/geroni/igy023.1362.

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28

Orozco, Manuel, and Elisabeth Burgess. "A Commitment Amidst Shared Hardship: Haitian Transnational Migrants and Remittances." Journal of Black Studies 42, no. 2 (March 2011): 225–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0021934710395590.

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This article analyzes the role of Haitian migration and Haitian transnational engagement in the past 20 years. Of particular interest are the various forms that this engagement has taken, its impact on the country’s economy, and the implications of Haitian migrants’ continued commitment to their home country. The article shows that dependency on Haitian migrants’ economic flows into their country has historically not been met by public policy lever-aging these flows and that under the current economic recovery period, opportunistic views aside, it is unrealistic to expect a strategy drastically different from that of the pre-earthquake period.

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29

Jackson, William A. "The economics of ageing and the political economy of old age." International Review of Applied Economics 8, no. 1 (January 1994): 31–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/758529651.

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30

Liu, Hsiao-Ming, and Shang-Yung Yen. "Constructing the Model of Aboriginal Tribal Social Enterprises from the Concept of Social Economic Enterprises." International Business Research 11, no. 7 (June 15, 2018): 76. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/ibr.v11n7p76.

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Taiwan's aboriginal tribes have long been affected by political forces and market economy model, and the aboriginal people living in remote mountainous areas with lack of information have met with a lot of economic and social problems and challenges such as loss of land and traditional culture, aging population and stagnation of tribal industry development. Therefore, the original self-sufficient tribes began to prone to “poverty”, and this is one of the most critical social issues for Taiwan to cope with. The purpose of this paper is to discuss the concept of "social economy" in the aboriginal tribes, to develop and restore the sharing economic cooperation model, to increase collective interests and to set up tribal social enterprises, so as to address the crucial social issues.This study will adopt the method and experience of socio-economic analysis to study the action plan of Seediq, a division of Taiwanese aboriginals, and their experience of social and economic organization and operation, and reflection on the social enterprise system. The main research is to explore the social economy in the Meixi tribe, the status quo and future development, and how to employ social innovation to promote the tribal social enterprise planning and business model.

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31

Downes, Peggy. "The Politics of Aging: A Hands-on Approach." Political Science Teacher 1, no. 2 (1988): 7–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0896082800000155.

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Cold, irrefutable demographics clearly signal a traumatic intergenerational shift in political power. Statistics indicate that by the year 2020 political and economic clout will have drained from the middle-aged to the elderly, or more specifically, to the “young-old.” By the time the Baby Boom generation reaches retirement, its cohort could wield enough political and economic influence to alter political-campaign and corporate-marketing strategies, to tip the scales of the candidate selection process, and to dominate most decision-making centers. This process of power recognition and accumulation is now irreversible. The media, marketing departments, and campaign strategists are all struggling to redefine their target audience, to reassess the depth of political involvement, and to reshape their imagery to fit the new reality. Ironically, political science departments appear reluctant to restructure their course offerings so that this dramatic power transfer can be examined from a political perspective at the undergraduate level.We make a statement by what we don't teach—by what we fail to discuss and to dissect. Realizing this, in 1987 Santa Clara University's Center of Education on Aging, in conjunction with the political science department, initiated a senior seminar with a strictly political slant on the aging dilemma. Participants chose to function as an exploratory team in the creation of a “political profile” of the aging in the Santa Clara area. Together with their individual research projects, this profile was to serve as the core of a pilot course—a model which subsequent classes and other colleges might draw upon in structuring their own format.

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32

Weller, Christian E. "Book Review: Labor Economics: The Political Economy of Work in the 21st Century: Implications for an Aging American Workforce." ILR Review 57, no. 1 (October 2003): 144–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/001979390305700110.

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33

Butler, Robert N. "Economic and political implications of immunology and aging on tomorrow's society." Mechanisms of Ageing and Development 93, no. 1-3 (February 1997): 7–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0047-6374(96)01806-4.

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34

Kijeong Nam. "Welfare and Defense in the Age of Low Birthrate and Aging in Japan: Political Economy of ‘Guns and/or Butter’." Korea Journal of Japanese Studies ll, no. 47 (June 2018): 5–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.35368/kjjs.2018..47.001.

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35

Vlandas, Tim, Daniel McArthur, and Michael Ganslmeier. "Ageing and the economy: a literature review of political and policy mechanisms." Political Research Exchange 3, no. 1 (January 1, 2021): 1932532. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/2474736x.2021.1932532.

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36

Schmitt, Carina, and Peter Starke. "The political economy of early exit: The politics of cost-shifting." European Journal of Industrial Relations 22, no. 4 (July 24, 2016): 391–407. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0959680115621137.

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Large-scale exit from the labour market began in the 1970s in many OECD countries. The literature indicates that individual early retirement decisions are facilitated by generous and accessible ‘pathways’ into retirement in the public pension system, unemployment insurance or disability benefits. It is unclear, however, why early exit became so much more prevalent in some countries than in others and why such differences remain, despite a recent shift back towards higher employment rates and ‘active ageing’. We test a logic of sectoral cost-shifting politics involving cross-class alliances in the tradable sector, against a more traditional class-based logic of welfare state policy-making. Quantitative analysis of employment outcomes in 21 countries shows that the political economy of early exit clearly rests on the sectoral politics of cost-shifting.

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Tamai, Yoshihiro, Chihiro Shimizu, and Kiyohiko G. Nishimura. "Aging and Property Prices: A Theory of Very-Long-Run Portfolio Choice and Its Predictions on Japanese Municipalities in the 2040s." Asian Economic Papers 16, no. 3 (November 2017): 48–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/asep_a_00548.

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In this paper we investigate the effect of aging population on property (land) prices. A theory of very-long-run portfolio choice is developed for a transition economy from young and growing to rapidly aging population and applied to estimate property price inflation in Japanese municipal markets. The results are stunning. The simulation results in which income factors are assumed to be fixed at the 2005-10 growth level suggest that the average residential property price (land price) in the Japanese municipalities may decrease by as much as 19 percent from the present to 2020, 24 percent to 2030, and 32 percent to 2040.

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Hudson, Robert B. "The New Political Environment in Aging: Challenges to Policy and Practice." Families in Society: The Journal of Contemporary Social Services 86, no. 3 (July 2005): 321–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1606/1044-3894.3429.

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The last quarter-century has seen a notable shift in the context of social policy as it relates to older adults in the United States and those who work with them. Critical dimensions in this shift include changes in the size and makeup of today's older population, the rise of conservatism in contemporary U.S. politics, and the more central place older Americans are coming to assume in policymaking around a host of social and economic policy issues. After briefly reviewing these contextual developments, the author presents 5 challenges they bring to social workers and other professionals working with the aged. Each of these reflect changing expectations, opportunities, and options confronting both policymakers and older people themselves as the dynamics of aging politics and policy evolve in ways that would have been hard to imagine 25 or 30 years ago.

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39

Phillipson, C. "DEVELOPING A POLITICAL ECONOMY OF AGEING: NEW APPROACHES TO SOCIAL JJUSTICE AND INEQUALITY." Innovation in Aging 1, suppl_1 (June 30, 2017): 768. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/geroni/igx004.2786.

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40

Miller, Edward A., Elizabeth Simpson, and Michael Gusmano. "GLOBAL PUBLISHING OPPORTUNITIES IN GERONTOLOGY: A VIEW FROM THE EDITORS' DESKS." Innovation in Aging 3, Supplement_1 (November 2019): S195. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/geroni/igz038.702.

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Abstract Global aging has proceeded at an unprecedented and accelerating rate. The aging of the population creates both opportunities and challenges for elders, their families, and society in general. Importantly, there is substantial variation in the effects of and response to global aging both within and across nations depending, in part, on prevailing cultural expectations and values, political and economic imperatives, and social and demographic characteristics. Thus, while some regions and countries have responded with innovative policies and programs to better enable the growing cohort of older adults to remain active and engaged in the community, other regions and countries have struggled with their response or barely begun to plan for the rising population of elders. This symposium assembles editors at five leading gerontological journals to demonstrate the role that peer-reviewed scholarship can play in disseminating knowledge that informs gerontological research, policy, and practice internationally. Editors include: Jeffrey Burr, PhD, Research on Aging; Deborah Carr, PhD, Journal of Gerontology: Social Sciences; Edward Alan Miller, PhD, Journal of Aging & Social Policy; Julie Hicks Patrick, PhD, International Journal of Aging & Human Development; and Julie Robison, PhD, The Journal of Applied Gerontology. Each presenter will review the scope, content, and focus of their journals and the role and opportunities for international scholarship. Michael Gusmano, PhD, a leading expert on the economic, political, and social consequences of global aging and International Editor of the Journal of Aging & Social Policy, will serve as discussant.

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41

Spěšná, D., P. Pospěch, F. Nohel, J. Drlík, and M. Delín. "Aging of the agricultural workforce in relation to the agricultural labour market." Agricultural Economics (Zemědělská ekonomika) 55, No. 9 (September 24, 2009): 424–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/20/2009-agricecon.

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The development of age structure of Czech agricultural workforce has been continuously predominantly negative since 1989 and it constitutes a serious problem in terms of reproduction of agricultural workforce. The present paper abstains from analyzing the demographic, economic and socio-political influences on this process and tries to identify the specific factors inherent in the agricultural labour market. It considers opportunities for improving the age structure of agricultural workforce provided by the labour market system, particularly in relation to the supply of workforce, demand for it, unemployment and wage levels. An abductive approach, based on a secondary analysis of quantitative data and the authors’ own empirical survey, identifies a set of hypotheses about the relationship between agricultural labour market and the age structure of agricultural workforce.

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42

Yoon, Hyejin, Eunhee Kim, and Chulwon Kim. "Sociodemographic Characteristics and Leisure Participation through the Perspective of Leisure Inequalities in Later Life." Sustainability 13, no. 16 (August 6, 2021): 8787. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13168787.

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This study examined the relationship between sociodemographic characteristics and leisure involvement in various meaningful activities under the political economy of aging and life course. The stepwise multiple and ordinal regression model revealed that the individual factors of older adults were significantly associated with leisure involvement: age (younger adults), gender (men), education level (higher education), perceived economic satisfaction (higher satisfaction with their financial condition), and perceived health (higher satisfaction with their health) variables were significantly related to more frequent participation in domestic leisure travel. Additionally, gender and education level were associated with leisure-time exercise; the four variables (gender, education level, economic activity, and perceived financial satisfaction) were related to leisure-time social activities. Contrary to our expectation, older adults who are older and with lower education were more likely to participate in volunteering activities. The results suggested that older adults’ sociodemographic characteristics play an essential role in leisure behavior. The extent to which these characteristics affect leisure participation varies with different types of activities and cultural contexts.

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Urrutia Serrano, Aitor. "Envejecimiento activo: un paradigma para comprender y gobernar / Active ageing: A paradigm for understanding and governing." Aula Abierta 47, no. 1 (January 31, 2018): 29. http://dx.doi.org/10.17811/rifie.47.1.2018.29-36.

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RESUMENEl envejecimiento activo es un concepto y una propuesta relativamente novedosa en nuestra sociedad. Es el resultado de dar forma y afrontar una nueva realidad tanto en el proceso de envejecimiento a lo largo del ciclo de vida de la persona, como de las necesidades sociales que precisa. El envejecimiento activo la lógica consecuencia de los cambios demográficos, sociales, económicos y políticos que se vienen produciendo en las sociedades de todo el planeta. Analizaremos su definición y debatiremos sobre si puede ser considerado como significante vacío el nuevo paradigma. Repasaremos los pilares que lo definen y recogeremos los factores que han determinado la necesidad de un nuevo paradigma para el envejecimiento activo. Finalizaremos con una propuesta para procurar entender cómo debe hacerse una correcta gobernanza del mismo y emitiremos unas conclusiones al respecto.Palabras Clave: Envejecimiento activo, gobernanza del envejecimiento, paradigma envejecimiento activo, Silver economy.ABSTRACTActive ageing is a relatively new concept and proposal in our society. It is the result of both giving shape to and facing up to a new reality in the aging process throughout the life cycle of the person and also in the social needs that it requires. Active ageing is the logical consequence of the demographic, social, economic and political changes that have been taking place in societies around the world. This paper analyzes its definition and discusses whether the new paradigm can be considered an empty signifier. For this purpose, the pillars that define it are reviewed and the factors that have determined the need for a new paradigm for active ageing are collected. Finally, a new proposal is presented to try to understand how good governance should be conducted.Keywords: Active ageing, governance of ageing, active ageing paradigm, Silver economy.

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Crimmins, Eileen M., and Yuan S. Zhang. "Aging Populations, Mortality, and Life Expectancy." Annual Review of Sociology 45, no. 1 (July 30, 2019): 69–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev-soc-073117-041351.

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Life expectancy has long been seen as an indicator of the quality of life as well as the health of a population. Recent trends in US life expectancy show growing inequality in life expectancy for some socioeconomic and geographic groupings but diminishing inequality by race and gender. For example, while African Americans had gains in life expectancy, non-Hispanic white women with low levels of education experienced drops. Overall, the United States continues to fall behind other countries in terms of life expectancy. One reason is our growing mortality in midlife from so-called deaths of despair. Public health programs cannot eliminate these adverse trends if they are not also accompanied by social policies supporting economic opportunity for US families.

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Jones, Randall S. "The Economic Implications of Japan's Aging Population." Asian Survey 28, no. 9 (September 1988): 958–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/as.1988.28.9.01p01976.

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Haas, Mark L. "A Geriatric Peace? The Future of U.S. Power in a World of Aging Populations." International Security 32, no. 1 (July 2007): 112–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/isec.2007.32.1.112.

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In the coming decades, the most powerful states in the international system will face a challenge unlike any experienced in the history of great power politics: significant aging of their populations. Global aging will be a potent force for the continuation of U.S. economic and military dominance. Aging populations are likely to produce a slowdown in states' economic growth at the same time that governments will face substantial pressure to pay for massive new expenditures for elderly care. This economic dilemma will create such an austere fiscal environment that the other great powers will lack the resources necessary to overtake the United States' huge power lead. Moreover, although the U.S. population is growing older, it is doing so to a lesser extent and less quickly than all of the other major actors in the system. Consequently, the economic and fiscal costs created by social aging—as well as their derivative effects on military spending—will be significantly lower for the United States than for potential competitors. Nevertheless, the United States will experience substantial new costs created by its own aging population. As a result, it will most likely be unable to maintain the scope of its current international position and will be less able to realize key international objectives, including preventing the proliferation of weapons of mass destruction, funding nation building, and engaging in military humanitarian interventions.

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Aguilar, Silvia Lizbeth, and Sonia Bass-Zavala. "Bioethics and the Employment of Elderly People in the State of Hidalgo." Mexican Bioethics Review ICSA 2, no. 4 (January 5, 2021): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.29057/mbr.v2i4.6016.

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A current issue of relevance for Mexico is the aging of the population, its demographic history has been strongly related directly to political and economic decisions. The ageing population faces significant income-generating challenges, which are essential to meeting its basic health needs, which are increasing considerably. For what is transcendental to characterize as precarious labour has permeated the elderly of the State of Hidalgo, on the basis of the integration of socio-demographic and economic indicators that allow the exploration of the conditions in which this segment of the population finds itself, which is growing every day and serves as an instrument for the generation of public policies.

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Aguila, Emma, Jaqueline L. Angel, and Kyriakos Markides. "OLD AND FORGOTTEN? CARE FOR ELDERS IN MEXICO AND THE U.S." Innovation in Aging 3, Supplement_1 (November 2019): S64—S65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/geroni/igz038.249.

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Abstract The United States and Mexico differ greatly in the organization and financing of their old-age welfare states. They also differ politically and organizationally in government response at all levels to the needs of low-income and frail citizens. While both countries are aging rapidly, Mexico faces more serious challenges in old-age support that arise from a less developed old-age welfare state and economy. For Mexico, financial support and medical care for older low-income citizens are universal rights, however, limited fiscal resources for a large low-income population create inevitable competition among the old and the young alike. Although the United States has a more developed economy and well-developed Social Security and health care financing systems for the elderly, older Mexican-origin individuals in the U.S. do not necessarily benefit fully from these programs. These institutional and financial problems to aging are compounded in both countries by longer life spans, smaller families, as well as changing gender roles and cultural norms. In this interdisciplinary panel, the authors of five papers deal with the following topics: (1) an analysis of old age health and dependency conditions, the supply of aging and disability services, and related norms and policies, including the role of the government and the private sector; (2) a binational comparison of federal safety net programs for low-income elderly in U.S. and Mexico; (3) when strangers become family: the role of civil society in addressing the needs of aging populations; and (4) unmet needs for dementia care for Latinos in the Hispanic-EPESE.

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Yared, Pierre. "Rising Government Debt: Causes and Solutions for a Decades-Old Trend." Journal of Economic Perspectives 33, no. 2 (May 1, 2019): 115–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/jep.33.2.115.

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Over the past four decades, government debt as a fraction of GDP has been on an upward trajectory in advanced economies, approaching levels not reached since World War II. While normative macroeconomic theories can explain the increase in the level of debt in certain periods as a response to macroeconomic shocks, they cannot explain the broad-based long-run trend in debt accumulation. In contrast, political economy theories can explain the long-run trend as resulting from an aging population, rising political polarization, and rising electoral uncertainty across advanced economies. These theories emphasize the time-inconsistency in government policymaking, and thus the need for fiscal rules that restrict policymakers. Fiscal rules trade off commitment to not overspend and flexibility to react to shocks. This tradeoff guides design features of optimal rules, such as information dependence, enforcement, cross-country coordination, escape clauses, and instrument versus target criteria.

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Samanta, Tannistha. "The “Good Life”: Third Age, Brand Modi and the cultural demise of old age in urban India." Anthropology & Aging 39, no. 1 (September 24, 2018): 94–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.5195/aa.2018.208.

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In this piece, I outline the possibility of understanding old age through the lens of cultural gerontology highlighting the intersecting logics of age with consumption, leisure and identity. I argue that with rising affluence and demographic aging, India is poised to experience an emergent cultural movement, the Third Age (Laslett, 1989), wherein access to cultural capital and an active participation in a leisure culture will offer social membership among upper middle class older adults. Using examples from luxury senior housing projects and travel/holiday packages, I reflect how this process of agentic consumerism with a focus on the ideals of youthfulness, choice, self-expression and pleasure is turning the decline narrative (typically associated with “natural” aging) on its head. The success of this market-driven cultural model, I argue, lies in the celebration of a project on the self where the responsibility to “age well” rests with the individual-a key political economy of the neoliberal regime-absolving the state of public provisions and social security. In conclusion, I show how age and political masculinity intersect to create, what I call, Brand Modi- a potent vision of active and age-ambiguous consumer citizenry. Through this construction, I argue, life-stage has been suitably marketed to match the aspirations of a greying cohort marking a new stage in the cultural constitution of age in urban India.

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