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1
Koman, Martin. "Politický cyklus v zemích EU." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2010. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-72251.
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The aim of my thesis "Politic cycle in the European Union countries" is to analyse the possibility of existence of a politic cycle in chosen countries of the EU. The firs half of my thesis is introducing the issue of the public choise theory and different views at this theory together with models of politic cycle. The other part I am dealing with is political and economic backrounds of chosen countried in closer detail and after data analysis of politic-economic development I would like to try to point out possible existence of political cycle. I will use model of politic cycle based on budget policy above all in the analysis.
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Kubátová, Zuzana. "Politický cyklus v zemích EU." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2009. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-76348.
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The aim of my diploma thesis is to analyse the posibility of existence of a political cycle in the selected european countries (Ireland and Germany). The work describes the various theories of the political cycle. I try to prove the existence of political cycle by analysing of political and economical data (inflation rate and unemployment rate). The work examines two main theories of the political cycle. These two theories are: opportunistic political cycle theory, which suppose that the main motive of the politicians are being re-elected in the next election. And ideological political cycle theory assume that politicians behavior accord to their parties ideological orientation.
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Joska, Jan. "Politický cyklus v období hospodářské krize." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2010. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-71754.
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The diploma thesis analyzes, whether became in the case of the development of real GDP, inflation and unemployment in the Czech Republic and the USA to systematic influence these macroeconomic indicators of the ruling parties and their political orientation. The work is focused on the period from the beginning of the 1990's of 20th century to the present, with an emphasis on the pre-crisis and crisis periods of the current economic crisis. Tested are two fundamental theoretical concepts. The first one is a model of opportunistic theories of the business cycle, then the second one, the model of the ideological theory of the economic cycle. The work also analyzes whether there was in these two states deliberate influencing of government expenditure in electoral periods in order to increase the chances of government politicians for re-election. The work also explores the similarities and differences of the pre-crisis and crisis periods of the current economic crisis to the great depression of the 1930's of 20th century.
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Ovečka, Michal. "Politický cyklus a fiskální politika v České a Slovenské republice v letech 1993 - 2006." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2006. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-637.
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Na základě analýzy vývoje státních rozpočtů České a Slovenské republiky v uplynulých 14 letech, sumarizuje tato práce zkušenosti, které v tomto období učinily oba státy s politickým cyklem. Podrobným rozborem deficitní rozpočtové politiky, která je pro oba státy charakteristická po většinu sledovaného období, vyvstávají dvě důležité skutečnosti, které negativním způsobem ovlivňují fiskální politiku České a Slovenské republiky. Jedná se o fenomén politického cyklu a dále o ?konflikt rolí? demokratického politika.
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Vernerová, Jana. "Vliv volebního cyklu v České republice na daně ze spotřeby." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2008. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-3701.
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Diplomová práce je zaměřena na zkoumání vlivu volebního cyklu v České republice na vývoj vybraných aspektů daně z přidané hodnoty a selektivních spotřebních daní v letech 1993-2007. Na základě analýzy vybraných prvků těchto daní přináší odpověď na otázku, zda je vývoj daní ze spotřeby ovlivněn volebním cyklem nebo spíše harmonizačními požadavky Evropské unie.
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Josková, Kamila. "Politické snahy o znovuzvolení -- souvislosti s hospodářským cyklem v ČR?" Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2009. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-11763.
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As apparent from the name of my diploma thesis I am trying to find a relation between the political and the economical cycle in the Czech Republic. It is evident that the political events are motivated by the personal interests of the politicians to be re-elected. Also the development of the economy does not need to be spontaneous but influenced by the populist intentions. In the theoretical part I am trying to explain the relations between the political and the economical cycle and also the behaviour of several macroeconomic variables which I have chosen for the analytical part of my work. These are: GDP development, inflation, unemployment rate, social migration of the population, consumption and balance of the state budget. In the analytical part I am analysing the behaviour of the selected variables in the election period 1996-1998, 1999-2002, 2003-2006 and in the first two years of the postelection period 2007 and 2008. Based on the behaviour of the variables within the political cycle I am trying to find the possible reason of their development, whether it is a spontaneous process characterized by the current phase of the economical cycle or whether it is a result of the implemented populist measures.
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Pavlíček, Tomáš. "Trh práce, vláda a jejich vzájemná interakce." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2008. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-3670.
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Práce popisuje některé souvislosti fungování pracovního a politického trhu.Snaží se najít odpověď na otázku jak vývoj mzdové diferenciace, nezaměstnanosti a působení odborů ovlivní politické prostředí a jeho zpětné působení na pracovní trh. Teoreticky vychází z teorií fungování pracovního trhu a některých závěrů z oblasti teorie veřejné volby. V praktické části práce analyzuje situaci v české Republice. Popisuje souvislost vývoje volebních preferencí s parametry trhu práce a souvislost implementovaných politik s politickým cyklem. Výsledkem je závěr o existenci politicky cyklických efektů na trhu práce během posledních čtyř volebních období.
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Eisenwort, Lukáš. "Vliv volebního cyklu a vládního uskupení na daně z příjmů." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2007. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-4612.
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Práce se snaží nalézt souvislosti mezi politickým děním a příjmovými daněmi. Je založena na sledování dynamiky vývoje zvolených proměnných v politickém kontextu. Do zkoumání jsou zahrnuty podíly osobní důchodové daně , korporátní důchodové daně a sociálního pojištění na celkovém daňovém výběru. V práci jsou provedeny výpočty globální progresivity osobní důchové daně a rovněž je zkoumán vývoj daňové kvóty. Sledovaným obdobím jsou roky 1993 až 2005.
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Kratochvílová, Tereza. "Financial and economic results of public budgets in the light of political cycles in the Czech Republic between years 1993 and 2010." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2012. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-113430.
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The aim of the thesis is to evaluate financial and economic results of public budgets in the Czech Republic. The analysis concerns all governments between years 1993 and 2010 and shows possible connections with the political-business cycle. Origins of public budgets deficits are investigated in order to classify cyclical and structural deficit. These are established on the basis of political measures and the economic cycle analysis. First part of the thesis is based on the theory of Public finance, Public choice and Political-business cycle. Second part focuses on the analysis of economic cycles within the context of each election period and political decisions. Finally the thesis summarizes results of investigation at the said period and the influence of the economic policy of every government on results of public budgets. The economic cycle analysis demonstrate that between years 1993 and 2010 deficits of public budgets are predominantly structural.
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Kůs, Jan. "Výsledky hospodaření veřejných rozpočtů ve světle průběhu politických cyklů v ČR v letech 1993 - 2010." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2010. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-71715.
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The aim of the thesis is to find possible connections between the financial results of public budgets and the course of the political cycle in the Czech Republic. The analysis for the period of 1993 - 2010 focuses initially on the development of the overall deficit; subsequently the development of selected items of public revenues and expenditures is investigated. A fundamental part of the work is the separation of the cyclical deficit, arising from fluctuations in economic activity and the structural deficit, which is produced through specific measures of government fiscal policy. The results of the analysis indicate that with the approaching elections, there was a greater release of the fiscal policy. During the second half of the electoral cycles have also been reported higher structural deficits. However, the differences are not high enough to be considered as statistically significant.
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Šefr, Michal. "Výsledky hospodaření veřejných rozpočtů ve světle průběhu politických cyklů v ČR v letech 1993 - 2010." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2012. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-165454.
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The thesis is focused on development of public finance in the Czech Republic between years 1993 and 2010. The crucial aim is to find out possible connections between increasing government deficits and the effort of politicians to be re-elected through higher government spending prior to an election. The analysis is mainly based on state and public budgets especially their annual changes in structure and basic components. I divide the cyclical and structural deficit and examine the influence of economic policy to its creation. In thesis is also described the general theory of public finance, issue of fiscal imbalance, public choice theory and its theory of political business cycle. The fiscal policy is carefully analyzed in recent electoral cycles in context of the economic and political development. The results of the analysis indicate that significant part of public debt has been created because of populist reasons especially in the period of economic expansion.
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Jindra, Petr. "Vliv hospodářské krize na zaměstnanost a nezaměstnanost." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2013. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-199552.
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The purpose of this diploma thesis is complex analysis of labour market in the Czech Republic since the dissolution of Czechoslovakia, with the emphasis on the critical years 2008-2012. The object of the analysis is the investigation of labour market indicators by trend analysis and standard errors, assessment of the hypothesis about volatility of labour market, determination of strong and weak labour market indicators, further the comparison with countries, which succeeded during the economic crisis, and some possible steps, which would lead to stabilization of the Czech labour market. Finally I investigate if the ruling political parties affect the economy (unemployment rate and inflation) in order to increase their chances of being re-elected by using the linear regression. In conclusion the labour market indicators are very volatile, although the Czech labour market is in good condition in comparison with other countries in the European Union. The political business cycle research shows that it does not occur in the Czech Republic, but this can be caused by the transformation period and the short time series.
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Kříž, Karel. "Vývoj výdajů veřejných rozpočtů ve světle průběhu politických cyklů v ČR v letech 2000 - 2015." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2014. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-264389.
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The thesis is concerned with the analysis of the development of public expenditures in Czech Republic between the years 2000 and 2015 with regard to the progress of political cycles. The analysis of overall development of each budget chapter (especially the year on year comparison) is based on real outcomes of state finances collected from final state accounts. The purpose of the thesis is to discover potential influence of political cycles on the level and structure of public expenses. The author created his own theoretical assumptions and set an original methodological approach. Final findings mostly comply with the created hypothesis.
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Němeček, Petr. "Politicko-ekonomický cyklus v České republice." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2012. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-165488.
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This diploma thesis focuses on political-business cycle which is a theme frequently omitted in discussions about economic situation in the Czech Republic. Theoretical part of the work will provide readers with the topic of political-business cycle and its basic models which will serve as a support to the statistical research in the analytical part. Is fiscal policy in hands of Czech politicians an efficient tool to manipulate voters? The aim of the work is to answer this question and thus give a detailed look of political-business cycle on example of four regular electoral periods of Czech Parliament. To reach the goal of diploma thesis, we used regressive analysis to examine hypothesis if the date of elections influences certain folders of income and expenses of government budget. This hypothesis was not accepted on the significance level of 5 per cent. The reasons are mainly short time series of tested indicators.
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Ulip, Jan. "Analýza výdajů kapitoly státního rozpočtu MPSV v letech 2000 -2010." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2011. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-124577.
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Diploma thesis is focused on the analysis of expenditure of the state budget of the Ministry of labour and social affairs in the years 2000 to 2010. This thesis explores the changing structure of those expenses and tries to answer the question whether the political cycle and the power of coalitions significant impact on spending in this chapter. It also addresses the issue of sustainability of public finances.
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Novotný, Tomáš. "Finanční cyklus." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2016. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-264624.
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Diploma thesis is focused on the issue of financial cycle. It has theoretical character and it is based on foreign sources. Diploma thesis describes the definition of financial cycle, its interactions with business cycle and moreover it explores sychronization of cycles. Furthermore financial cycle indicators and measures are analyzed. The reactions of macroprudential, fiscal and monetary policy are also discussed in the thesis. In particular, the attention is drawn to theoretical view on countercyclical buffer. The last part is devoted to the setting of countercyclical buffer in chosen european countries.
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Fischerová, Veronika. "Politické cykly: Kupují si politici hlasy voličů vyššími výdaji?" Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2015. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-193072.
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The present thesis is concerned with the existence of political cycles in European Union member states between 1990 and 2013. These cycles are of two types: political business cycles and political budget cycles. The analysis was performed by means of the fixed effects method (using first differences) along with a visual analysis of data. The results obtained from three types of data sets show that two years before elections, inflation grows at 0.47%, unemployment rate at 0.5%, and structural balance at 0.8%. One of the data sets reveals that structural balance is reduced by 0.39% in election years. The visual analysis clearly demonstrates that there exist political business cycles in Belgium, Bulgaria, Czech Republic, Denmark, Germany, Poland and Sweden. Political budget cycles have been proven to exist in Belgium, France, Cyprus, Malta, Germany, Slovakia and the United Kingdom.
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Pikhart, Zdeněk. "Vliv měnové a fiskální politiky na hospodářský cyklus." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2011. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-73501.
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The purpose of this diploma thesis is to examine the impact of monetary and fiscal policy upon business cycle and the long term growth on the example of Swiss economy. The research approach is the analysis of monetary and fiscal indicators related with gross domestic product. Theoretical part explains business cycle theories, which consider cause of economic fluctuations in monetary and fiscal policy and further describes stabilization role of this particular policies and develop relevant problems within it. In practical part there is conducted research of monetary and fiscal influence upon Swiss business cycle with eligible indicators. The final part summarizes the most important knowledge and provides appropriate recommendations to reduce cyclical volatility of the product and to create a suitable economic and political framework for a functioning economy in the long term.
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Jeřábek, Martin. "FISKÁLNÍ POLITIKA A HOSPODÁŘSKÝ CYKLUS V ČESKÉ REPUBLICE." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2013. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-199572.
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This thesis deals with short-term relationship between fiscal policy and the real economy. Thesis is divided into three thematic units. In the first part through the analysis of studies examining the size of fiscal multipliers concludes, that depending on the assumptions and selected time period is the size of the multipliers greater in economic recessions, at zero interest rates of central banks or bigger taciturnity of the economy. The multipliers for the Czech Republic are low and did not exceed the value of one. The thesis also analyzes the development of public finances in the years 1997 - 2013 and identifies as their basic problem the structural nature of deficits. As a possible tool to improve the inclination of public finance to the budget deficits are identified fiscal rules limiting public spending. This rule is fully compatible with the Stability and Growth Pact and meets the basic requirements - the clarity and flexibility.
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Komrska, Martin. "Hospodářský cyklus a měnová politika: moderní rakouský pohled." Doctoral thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2017. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-358998.
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This dissertation presents the results of research focused on the Austrian business cycle theory (ABCT). The main part of the thesis is an econometrical test of five predictions based on ABCT. I used data on the US economy for period 1967 - 2016, which is the longest time period covered in the Austrian empirical literature so far. Since one of the most important variables for ABCT is so called interest rate gap (the difference between market interest rate and natural interest rate), I use three alternative models of this variable. The results of my empirical tests predominantly confirm theoretical predictions of ABCT. It can be shown that the interest rate gap influenced the relative structure of economic activity and resource allocation in a way predicted by ABCT. I also investigate whether the interest rate gap does have a significant impact on stock market valuations (in terms of aggregate level or relative structure), although the results are mostly statistically insignificant. In addition I also described several possible new distortions which may emerge due to unconventional monetary policy. I argue that these distortions should be of primary interest for researchers engaged in the Austrian research program. I devoted special attention to the specifics of monetary policy regime in Japan, where the Bank of Japan regularly intervenes on the stock market. Another theoretical contribution can be found in the second chapter where I respond to the White's (1999) claim that Hayek implicitly repudiated his own version of ABCT in later part of his career, when proposing free competition in money production. I attempt to show that White's conclusion stems from an inadequate interpretation of Hayek's writings. Finally I provide an alternative interpretation of Hayek's work that reveals the compatibility of his early and late theoretical contributions.
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Lipka, Vladimír. "Hospodársky cyklus Slovenska 1993-2009." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2010. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-76194.
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The thesis deals with monitoring and analysis of the economic cycle in Slovakia between 1993 - 2009. Its aim was to assess the impact of fiscal and monetary policies on the economic cycle. Both policies should cooperate with each other and create a favorable environment for economic development. The goal of the monetary policy should be securing currency stability. The fiscal policy should aim for stable development in public finance. The thesis consists of five parts, which intersect each other. The first part explains the theoretical foundations of the economic cycles. It is followed by a chapter, in which different Slovak economy phases of the economic cycle are analyzed, with the help of indicators of internal and external balance, demand and supply side of GDP and indicators of monetary conditions. Work also includes an assessment of Slovakia's entry into the EMU in terms of revenues and expenses. This part is also focused on the process of nominal and real convergence of the Slovak economy before adopting Euro. The penultimate part of this thesis deals with a comparison of business cycles of V4 countries. The conclusion is focused on forecasting the economic development of the Slovak economy in 2011.
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Jeřábková, Zdenka. "Velká hospodářská krize v Německu." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2007. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-4483.
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Diplomová práce se věnuje problematice Velké hospodářské krize v Německu. V teoretické části jsou představeny významné teorie hospodářského cyklu. Jsou to teorie keynesiánská, monetaristická a rakouská. Dále pak teorie reálného hospodářského cyklu, nové keynesiánské ekonomie a postkeynesiánství. Práce se v analytické čáati nejprve zabývá možnými příčinami krize a podává přehled o vývoji německé ekonomiky v druhé polovině 20. let. Dále pojednává o průběhu krize a jejích dopadech na celé německé hospodářství. Další část se věnuje hospodářským politikám, jež byly během Velké deprese prováděny. Součástí je i hodnocení hospodářských politik s návazností na uvedené teorie hospodářského cyklu. Poslední část práce se týká nacistické ekonomiky, čtyřletého plánu a dalších opatření nacistické hospodářské politiky.
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Zápotočná, Zuzana Bc. "Teorie politického cyklu v praxi." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2007. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-1228.
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Metrah, Samy. "Hospodářský cyklus z pohledu monetárních a úvěrových veličin." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2014. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-194205.
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The master's thesis critically analyses the works of John Maynard Keynes and Friedrich August von Hayek concering the explanation of business cycles based on monetary determinants. The analysis is primarily based on J. M. Keynes's Treatise on Money (1930) and Prices and Production (1935) author of which is F. A. Hayek. The thesis, on one hand, refutes the main explanation of the cause of business cycles of the Austrian business cycle theory and, on the other hand, it argues the imcompatibility of the main analytical tool of Treatise with the theory of innovation by J. A. Schumpeter.
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Benko, Tomáš. "The Existence of Political Business Cycle in the Czech Republic." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2014. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-192646.
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This thesis seeks to analyze the phenomenon of political business cycle (PBC) in the Czech Republic. It follows up the efforts of previous authors to determine the existence and subsequent character of the PBC in the country. Based upon the related works, it summarizes the current situation. However, unlike the previous analyses, this work concerns the monetary side of the economy. To be more precise, it examines the role of the Czech National Bank (CNB) within the process of political business cycle. It questions the level of independency of the CNB and poses a question whether the institution might actively participate in the creation of PBC. The following empirical analysis reveals that the CNB actively reduces the monetary base level in the economy within the pre-election period. It might signal its tendency to mitigate opportunistic behavior of the government.
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Václavík, David. "Hospodářské a politické cykly v meziválečném Československu." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2008. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-2943.
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Diplomová práce obsahuje stručnou charakteristiku vztahu hospodářského a politického vývoje v meziválečném Československu. Jako hlavní osa práce je zvolen průběh hospodářských cyklů. V jejich rámci jsou pak sledovány hlavní politické události a jevy, které měly zásadní vliv na ekonomický vývoj Československa v letech 1918-1938. V tomto ohledu budou, dle možností, využity poznatky teorie politických cyklů. Diplomová práce má poukázat na nedělitelnost vývoje hospodářství a politiky při zkoumání meziválečného Československa.
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Stavjaňa, Aleš. "Vývoj hospodářského cyklu v ČR : trendy, kontexty, implikace hospodářské politiky." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2012. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-136322.
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The paper is dedicated to analysis of factors having direct influence on the business cycle of the Czech economy in the previous decade. Indicators for surveillance were chosen not only to inform about current development of the economy but were also chosen such indicators that provide direct news about the status. These both groups were matched and analysed and interlinked in order to get a complex review. The paper comprises a benchmark of the central European region of Visegrad Four -- Czech Republic, Poland, Slovakia, and Hungary which enables to assess Czech economy in a broader context.
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Jandová, Daniela. "Analýza efektivnosti měnové politiky a její vliv na hospodářský cyklus ČR l letech 1995-2010." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2012. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-113509.
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The purpose of this diploma thesis is to examine the efficiency of monetary policy -- impact of monetary policy upon price stability - in relation to main target of Czech National Bank (CNB). The research approach is the analysis of monetary indicators -- price level, interest rates, money supply and exchange rate. In the context of the financial stability the thesis also analyzes another important function of CNB - supervision of Czech financial market using indicators of capital adequacy, banking sector liquidity, profitability of banks and volume of non-performing loans. Theoretical part of the thesis explores quantity theory of money, business (particularly monetary) cycle theories and further describes practical use of monetary policy with respect to the effect of central bank rates on market rates and further on output. Application of monetary rules, use of modern macroeconomic models and predictive apparatus are also topics which are theoretically held forth. The empirical part of the thesis researches monetary policy and supervision of CNB in every single year since 1995. In particular with emphasis on uniqueness Czech monetary policy, resulting from the transformational collision of the settings of exchange rate and monetary policy framework, and related influences remaining up to now.
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Vaňkát, Milan. "KONTEXTY EKONOMICKÉHO CYKLU A HOSPODÁŘSKÉ POLITIKY V ČR OD POČÁTKU 21. STOLETÍ." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2013. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-165481.
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The aim of the diploma thesis is to analyze the economic cycle in the Czech republic since 2000. Theoretical-methododological part of this thesis is consist of the theories of economic cycle, kinds of economic policy and indicators of external and internal policy, which will be used later in the analysis. In the practical part I focuse on the cause of the crisis, its expansion to the Europe and as well on Germany as the economics which influences the cycle of Czech republic, which is the fact I prove statisticaly in my thesis. The analysis of indicators of czech economics is carried out trend indicators included. The conclusion and the aim which have been fulfilled is identification and evaluation of business policy of Czech republic and the suggestion of next steps leading to the improvement of the state of the economics.
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Chocholová, Zuzana. "Hospodářská politika republikánských administrativ v USA ve 20. letech." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2008. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-2926.
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Práce se zabývá charakteristikou hospodářské politiky v USA ve 20. letech 20. století s důrazem na historická a myšlenková východiska této politiky, její širší souvislosti a praktické uplatňování. Sleduje vliv hospodářsko-politických opatření na hospodářský vývoj s ohledem na vznik velké hospodářské krize ve 30. letech.
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Masařík, Jan. "Komparace vývoje veřejných rozpočtů v ČR v jednotlivých politických cyklech v letech 1993 - 2015." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2016. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-264367.
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The aim of the thesis is to examine possible connections between economic results of public budgets, especially the most important part-state budget, and the course of the political cycle in Czech republic between years 1993 and 2015. The theoretical part is based on the Public choice theory, Theory of public finance and Political-business cycle theory. The practital part focuses on analysis of political situation in each political cycle and then on association with public and state budgets revenues and expenditures, their growth rate and the business cycle. Results of the analysis show that deficits of state budget are predominantly structural based. Moreover, a tendency to influence election results through released fiscal policy is also noticeable in some political cycles, which is consistent with the political-business cycle theory.
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Pariľáková, Jana. "Menová politika FEDu do roku 1929." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2009. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-8193.
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This diploma thesis is trying to analyze the monetary policy of The Federal Reserve System in context of the economic process in the period 1913 -- 1929 and its reverse influence on the economy of The United States. In an effort to expose incompetence of the central control of money stock it brings more complex view including preceding development from the end of 18 century, trough the foundation The Federal Reserve System in the year 1913, the period of the world war I., trough era of prosperity of the twenties to the beginning of The Great Depression. In the theoretical part it brings monetary centralism face to face with liberalism of the Austrian school. Theoretical ground is based on the Austrian theory of business cycle which considers the reasons of economic fluctuation to be inflationary character of the commercial banking system at the head of central bank.
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Kábelková, Lenka. "Souvislosti hospodářského cyklu a vývoje na trhu s hypotéčními úvěry." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2011. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-113683.
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The diploma thesis deals with the connection between the economy cycle and the development on the mortgage credit market since 2000 until 2010. Mainly it focuses on the problematic of the effectiveness of the currency policy and on the analysis of the main determinants, which leads to the mortgage crisis. The aim of the thesis is to assess the determinants of the credit cycle and their connection with the development of the economy cycle. The main indicator that influence the credit cycle will be analyzed. On the basis of the gained information I will answer the question whether there should exist some strategy of the state in the field of accommodation and whether the currency policy should be controlled according to same rules or rather discretionally. As for the methodology, the descriptive method, the comparative analysis, the trend line and the technique of the deviations from the trend will be applied.
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Vaško, Jan. "Veřejné investice státu a územně samosprávných celků jako stabilizátory hospodářského cyklu." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2012. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-113419.
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This work deals with stabilization policy of central Government and also local governments in the Czech republic, which is in present time very important question. There was made an analysis of available data on the central Government and local Government Levels. The analysis was made on time period 2001-2011. The data were compared with GDP growth for the central Government level or tax revenue from personal income for local governments. On the basis of this data, the conclusion has been made. Central and also local governments work as a stabilizator of business cycle and the hypothesis, that state and local governments work against business cycle, was confirmed.
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Klimeš, Jakub. "Dopady fiskální a monetární politiky na ekonomiku Islandu mezi lety 1995 - 2013." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2013. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-193643.
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This thesis tries to describe origin of Icelandic crisis from 2008 and tries to explain whether it was caused by liberalisation of Icelandic market or by excessive monetary and fiscal interventions. Analysis of behaviour of free market subjects and analysis of policy of central bank and government couldn't clearly accept or reject the hypotheses that the crisis was caused by liberalisation. On the other hand the thesis sees chosen policy of government and central bank as a main contributor to the break out of the crisis. This assumption is in accordance with theoretical and practical study of most important monetary and fiscal interventions implemented in Iceland
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Klimeš, František. "Pomoc fiskální politiky finančnímu sektoru v období ekonomické krize." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2013. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-192776.
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This thesis tries to describe government help to economy during the period of crisis in years 2006 -- 2013 in USA and Iceland with regard to Austrian business cycle theory. This thesis stands critical toward connection of fiscal and monetary policy and their activist policy because this policy was one of the causes of economical fluctuation in last years. Help of fiscal policy connected with monetary policy took primarily form of providing liquidity to financial sector and granting government guarantees to financial institutions and bailing out their risky assets. Regulatory measures are subjected to closer analysis and are commented according to data analysis.
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Strejčková, Martina. "Vliv hospodářské politiky na příčiny, průběh a důsledky cyklického vývoje ekonomiky v ČR v letech 1989-2009." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2010. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-75704.
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Market economies are not developing smoothly, they succumb to permanent fluctuations of economic activity. Effort of macro-policies is to mitigate or eliminate these fluctuations and support long-term economic growth. Therefore, the aim of this thesis is to analyse the influence of economic policy on causes, course and impact of cyclical development in the Czech Republic in the years 1989-2009. The first section will outline the theoretical background of the economic cycle. I will explain the essence, causes, methodological basis of the business cycle and describe a set of indicators that will help me to analyse fluctuations of economical activity in the practical part. In theoretical part I will also focus on economic policy, especially on the macroeconomic area, but the microeconomical area will be also mentioned. In practical part I will study economic development of the Czech Republic in last twenty years, using the indicators described in the theoretical part. I will evaluate the way of setting the economic policy (suitability of policy mix) in certain economic situations and answer the main question of this thesis: what was the influence of economic policy on economic development of the Czech Republic? Last chapter will be devoted to the business cycle forecasts. I will compare methodical approaches used by forecasting centres such as Ministry of Finance, Czech National Bank and OECD. I will analyse how the previous forecasts of these institutions varied from reality and finally perform a forecast of economic development in the Czech Republic.
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Novotný, Michal. "Makroekonomická analýza Francie a nastavení hospodářské politiky v letech 2000-2012 s ohledem na průběh v hospodářském cyklu." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2014. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-193818.
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The aim of this thesis is analysis and assessment of macroeconomic development of France depending upon setup of particular segments of economic policy between year 2000 and 2012, eventually 2013. Recommendations for setup of economic policy will be made based on particular findings. Theoretical part, consisting of section one to five, consists of description of economic policy and its particular segments, economic growth and cycle, macroeconomic analysis and particular examined variables. Practical part, which is fractionated to four sections, consists of description of starting position and analysis of particular variables and economic policy within core examined period. Last section of practical part consists of particular recommendations for economic policy.
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Pfeifer, Lukáš. "Současná finanční krize očima rakouské školy." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2011. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-73461.
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The thesis aims to defend the irreplaceable role of the Austrian business cycle theory in explaining the current financial crisis in the U.S.. Attention is also paid to applied measures of American economic policies and their impact on the elimination of the purification process of the recession. Furthermore, the work deals with the identification of preventive measures, which would reduce the likelihood of the occurrence of economic cycles. Recommendations by representatives of the Austrian School are described as difficult to implement on the basis of number of arguments. In the work are therefore proposed more realistic measures to limit the volatility of the economic cycle, which emanate mainly from the composite price index, which is the subject of this text. The index reflects the price development in all stages of production and should therefore in monetary policy matters replace the current use of price indicators, based on the inflated scale of consumption, taking into account only minimal effects of monetary expansion. The work deals with the calculation of the composite price index for the United States, which used the instrument of Skounsen indicator of gross domestic output. The development of the composite price index in the US is then analyzed and compared with the development of other macroeconomic variables. Based on this examination, we recommend the use of composite price index for monetary policy regime of inflation targeting and the implementation thereof by the Federal Reserve monetary policy.
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Berka, Jan. "SOUVISLOSTI MAKROEKONOMICKÉHO VÝVOJE A ENERGETICKÉHO SEKTORU V ČESKÉ REPUBLICE A RAKOUSKU V OBDOBÍ 2000-2012." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2014. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-264390.
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The aim of this diploma thesis is to verify a connection between macroeconomic development and energy sector. This connection is examined with the data from the Czech Republic and with the data from Austria, both in the years 2000 - 2012. The theoretical part describes energetics as a natural monopoly and a resource of externalities. It includes the theory of monitoring the business cycle and financial analysis of companies. The first half of the practical part compares macroeconomic development of the Czech Republic and the ČEZ group. The similar comparison is made with Austria and the Verbund company. Second half of the practical part explains how economic policies influence the Czech energetics. This impact is being studied in terms of legislation, regulations, monetary and fiscal policy. The practical part ends with rating and valuation of costs that arise from the main energy resources. The link between energetics and macroeconomic development was discovered and proved thanks to the doubled analysis used in the thesis.
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Frömmel, Tomáš. "A Contribution to the Austrian Business Cycle Theory: Uncertainty and Price Expectations." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2016. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-205312.
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Common critique of the Austrian business cycle theory states that the Austrian cycle could not be initiated under the rational expectations hypothesis. This thesis therefore investigates the role of price expectations of entrepreneurs in the Austrian cycle theory. We conclude that this theory might be compatible with rational expectations only under several assumptions. The rational expectations hypothesis is, however, evaluated rather critically concluding it is quite strong and unrealistic assumption. Various regimes of monetary policy are discusses in the context of price expectations.
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Košárek, Jiří. "Výklad Velké hospodářské krize podle Rakouské školy a jeho důsledky pro současnou hospodářskou politiku." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2010. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-75078.
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The main goal of this thesis is to present the true explanation of the Great Depression, which will be the basis for the critical analysis of the current situation in developed economies. This thesis contains three chapters: the first presents the Austrian business cycle theory, which is then applied in the second chapter to the Great Depression. The third chapter deals with the critical analysis of the state and its economic policies, which seeks to answer the question, why the economic crises keep repeating, which is the partial goal of this thesis.
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Monteiro, Ornella Lassalette. "Comparison of the financial cycle in advanced and emerging economies." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2016. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-262237.
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This dissertation argues that financial cycles are different for advanced economies and emerging countries. The main underlying reason is the different financial development that makes for instability in emeging markets which is pronounced by more intensive and amplified financial cycle. As such, even the policy implications are different.
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Soukup, Petr. "Analýza výdajů státního rozpočtu v letech 1993-2014." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2017. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-360190.
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This thesis deals with the analysis of state budget in 1993 to 2014. Firstly the state budget and public expenditures are theoretically defined. Secondly the analysis of state budget expenditures of the Czech Republic at the level of budget chapters, current and capital expenditures is elaborated in the practical part. The comparison of state budget expenditures follows based on the classification COFOG with selected EU members. In the last part of the thesis the political-economic cycle is defined and the analysis in a form of testing hypotheses of basis of literature related to the political-economic cycle is performed. The testing was carried out in Eviews using the autoregressive process. The analysis follows the partial theory of political-economic cycles in the Czech Republic, positive results of the comparison and the growing trend of state budget expenditures of the Czech Republic.
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Najmanová, Hana. "Jak zefektivnit vynakládané zdroje na politiku výzkumu,vývoje a inovací v ČR." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2009. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-15731.
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The theoretical background of this work is based on Schumpeter's theory of economic cycle and the rationalisation for state intervention in the market research, development and innovation. Consequently is described the general background, which is based on the Seventh Framework Program and the definitions contained in the Frascati manual, and the Oslo manual. The analytical part consists of a sub-analysis, which focus on legislative and institucional framework in the Czech Republic and the expenditure, human resources and outputs of research and development. The sub-analysis is supplemented by comparisons with the position of Finland and the European Union. Part of the analytical section is an overview of programs to support research, development and innovation activities. Subsequently, the entire analytical part is summarized with the SWOT analysis. In conclusion of this work are outlined possible solutions to streamline the existing system in the Czech Republic in research, development and innovation.
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Řehák, Martin. "Kvantitativní uvolňování peněz a jeho vliv na českou ekonomiku." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2012. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-163938.
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The master thesis analyses potential impacts of introduction of the quantitative easing by the Czech National Bank as a new monetary instrument in the Czech Republic, which would be used as a means of fight against the economic cycle. Instruments which a central bank can use in the area of monetary policy become limited in the era of major interest rates inclining to zero. Power of conventional means becomes insufficient. As a result, more and more central banks consider introduction of a relatively new instrument -- quantitative easing which is applied e.g. by the FED or the ECB at present. The main goal of the thesis is to assess advantages and disadvantages of introduction of quantitative easing by the Czech National Bank and its ability to influence the economic cycle when basic principles of quantitative easing are applied on a real small opened economy. The output should present analysis and assessment of costs and benefits arising from introduction of quantitative easing. Actual data from the economies, where the quantitative easing has been applied, are analyzed in the thesis. The results of the analysis are used as a basis for creation of a simple universal model of functioning of quantitative easing which is after customizing according to specifics of the Czech economy, applied to the Czech Republic. Three possible scenarios of development of economy after introduction of quantitative easing by the CNB were developed on the basis of the model which differs from each other as they relate to a different phase of economic cycle.
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Zoul, Zdeněk. "Průběh hospodářského cyklu v letech 2005 až 2014 a jeho vliv na nezaměstnanost v ČR v porovnání s vývojem v Německu a USA." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2015. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-193116.
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Main objective of this diploma thesis is to analyze the business cycle in USA, Germany and Czech Republic in years 2005 -- 2014 and evaluate impacts on each economy and particularly on labor markets. Work contains circumstances of beginning of the world economic downturn, which hit the world economy during those years, impacts of the crisis on each economy and analysis of the stimulus packages passed by both central governments and central banks. Analysis and comparsion is made by monitoring the development of main macroeconomic indicators such as GDP growth, rate of unemployment and employment, public debt or inflation. Conclusion is that German labor market was struck the least of the three countries and it didnt suffer from high rates of unemployment or decrease of employment. That was achieved mostly because optimal labor market reforms which were done before the beginning of the crisis.
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Binderová, Anna. "Analýza makroekonomických dopadů zadluženosti českých domácností." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2009. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-15734.
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The thesis analyses the rapid growth of indebtedness of Czech households, which have created concerns both among economists and general public. The thesis is aimed not only on development of indebtedness but also on causes of recent developments and structure of indebtedness. The thesis also deals with household savings, which are opposite of debts and according to neoclassical theory are the bottom line of economic growth. Main part of the thesis closely examines impacts of indebtedness upon Czech economy. It tries to describe and assess these impacts using economic theories, which are described in theoretical part of the thesis. International comparisons are an integral part of analysis, without them the analysis would be incomplete. The thesis uses up-to-date statistical data and widely used measures of indebtedness.
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Jaklínová, Jana. "Komparace monetárních příčin krize 70. let a současné krize." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2013. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-165500.
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The magister thesis makes comparison of monetary causes of the crises in 1970s and the current crises in the United States of America. On the basis of theoretical part that analyzes the Austrian theory of the business cycle derives work in analytical part the consequences of monetary policy on the economy in both of observed periods. Through the use of history of monetary policy finds the thesis advice for solution to current crises. The thesis analyzes monetary instruments of American central bank and explains the mechanism of transfer of money into the economy. In the terms of current economic debates the thesis conclusion answers the question if or on what condition can actual situation of the economy of the United States of America leads in stagflation development.
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Thorovský, Jan. "Cenová deflace." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2008. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-10805.
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The thesis deals with a monetary phenomenon of price deflation. In modern monetary theories, causes are sometimes confused with consequences. As to price deflation, consequences of causes of this phenomenon are often attributed to it while it is not a cause but a mere consequence. That's why we have identified causes of price deflation and their true consequences in the thesis. According to quantity theory of money, there are three main sources of price deflation as follows: decline in money supply, decline in velocity of circulation of money, and productivity growth. These causes are analyzed in detail, each of them in a single chapter. Price deflation is often associated with depressions while in some cases it might be a mere consequence of depression, not a cause. On the other hand, price deflation might also be a consequence of productivity growth (unless accommodated by increase in money supply) which makes it perfectly compatible with a healthy and growing economy.