Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Politique et gouvernement – Algérie – 1945-1962'
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Rahal, Malika. "L'Union démocratique du Manifeste algérien (1946-1956) : Histoire d'un parti politique : l'autre nationalisme algérien." Paris, INALCO, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007INAL0012.
Full textThe Manifesto Party was founded in Algeria by Ferhat Abbas and his companions in 1946. They united around the idea of an algerian republic where all inhabitant of the country could be citizen. During ten years, they developed an alternative nationalism and mobilized the masses in an political party. The party also aimed at imagining an algerian community. In 1956, they rallied to the FLN, the National Liberation Front
Bouzidi, Nassiba. "L'autonomisation des institutions publiques algériennes depuis l'indépendance." Grenoble 2, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005GRE21008.
Full textBernelas, Jean-Louis. "L'arabisation en Algérie : développement et enjeux." Paris 10, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988PA100109.
Full textFrench colonial politics in Algeria asked the question of arabization, after the departure of Turk ishes milicias ("odgak"). But, what's the mean of arabization: translation or way of life? Nationalists’ parties (a. U. M. A. , p. P. A, m. T. L. D, m. N. A. , f. L. N. ) were opposed about that matter. Politics of arabisation was launched by m. Boumediene, but both Chadli Bendjedid and f. L. N. Developed it. It is 10 years since, the more arabization rises, the more islamisation progresses, control the political life; even the economic life is ruled by Muslims. Actually, berberians are opposed to arabization, because "Tamazight" is-in fact- banned in Algeria
Boudaoud, Hammou. "L'évolution du processus démocratique algérien." Perpignan, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006PERP0658.
Full textThe Algerian democratic process initiated in the end of the eighties seemed like an enriching experience on a several levels. First, it may allow us to discover the genuineness of political actors who has been charged to instigate the future democratic project. At the same time, it can give us the possibility to evaluate the regime transformations, based during more than three decades on the government by the unique party. This later, subsequent to a multidimensional crisis, paralysing nearly the whole almost of institutions functioning, has tried by introducing modifications regarding the political outlines, to start a new democracy era. In order to reach this purpose, the regime had at one's disposal a wide range of laws and regulations proclaimed more particularly by the constitution of February 1989. Consequently, our thinking will be based more on a kind of exhaustive diagnostic concerning the development of the democratic process
Adda, Ali. "Tendances et courants islamiques dans l'Algérie contemporaine." Paris 10, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993PA100066.
Full textThe day after the independance, the islamic climat was divided in two tendencies. The first represant the Stat's officils institutions, one party of whom is the heirs of Ben-Badis. The second, is a islamic groupe of some culemas who work out of stats orders. With this two tendencies we can add a movement of left wing ideas who was stablished during the Ben-Bella mandate, to counter the islamic tendency. But, in the beginning of the 80 years, they were destroyed by the islamics. About this date, Algeria had suddenly to confront a popular contestation against the government in power since the independance it is all dangerous. The power refered to social-religious norms increasing the initial discord against him since 1988 the events grow in scale and prove that the islamic tendence, is not marginal and by ballot box, legitime and majority
Merazka, Abdel-Ghafour. "Analyse politique et sociologique des assemblées populaires locales algériennes de 1967 à 1984 : organisation, élections et composition." Aix-Marseille 3, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987AIX32043.
Full textBenamrouche, Amar. "Conflits de travail et conflits politiques en Algérie : 1962-1992." Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998IEPP0023.
Full textThe study of the relationship between labour and political conflicts is, in effect merely the observation of particular instances of collective action where the social and political spheres interact. In Algeria, the study of this issue over the thirty years following independence (1962-1992) enables us to distinguish between two historical periods: before and after 1989. Prior to 1989 the politicisation -- understood as the "increase in political density" -- of social conflicts occurred in the context of an authoritarian, single-party system; from 1989 onward, they took place in the context of a transition to democracy. Strikes and their interface with the political sphere conformed to differing logics depending on which historical period they occurred. Such is the conclusion of this study, which combines an analysis of the statistical data with specific case studies
Latreche, Belkacem. "Islam, islamisme et modernité : l'échec du politique : le cas algérien." Paris 5, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999PA05H018.
Full textIn the arab world, the mission of state was to modernize society, but it failed to achieve this purposes. That’s why it is now contested in its sacrality and in its legitimacy. Furthermore it makes the debate more acuteness. The Algerian case is on this point of view paradigmatic. The failure of the policy undertaken since independence revealed the nature of a state obsessed by its interests and its survival. The triumph of Islamism attests the paradoxes of the Algerian society. It reminds us that independence didn't respect its promises
Bouaboud, Idir. "L'Echo d'Alger, cinquante ans de vie politique française en Algérie (1912-1961)." Paris 12, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998PA120040.
Full text+ l'echo d'alger ; has been the most important french daily newspaper in algeria between 1912 and 1961. It was created by etienne bailac on march 1912. After a financial crisis, jacques duroux bought it on july 1927. In 1942, his son jean. After the death of his father, charged alain de serigny as a politics director. L'echo d'alger has a great influence on european communauty of algeria. Once, charles de gaulle said to his collaborators that this newspaper became sincerely a bible of this population. This research proposes a full study of + l'echo d'alger ;. Firstly, we have given its own history (foundation, its bosses, journalists, administration. . . ). Secondly, we've dealt traitement of the events which ponctuated france presence colonization in algeria since 1912 to 1961. Through time, we've notisted that this newspaper has known a great improvement in many aspects. In beggenning, it was created to be at the service of intrests of a small group, it became some years later the organ of the left colonial radicalism but after the nationalist's manifestation of constantine in may 1945, l'echo d'alger changed its political line to become the defender of the principal of algeria french land by all the means. In oder to achieve this study, the author has consulted all the 17 699 editions of l'echo d'alger's collection and interviewed some of its old journalists. This study is wanted to be a participation to the understanding of algerias french politics customs in oder to know the aspects, the causes of the divergences between french of algeria and french of the metropole from 1912 to 1961, date of the disparition of l'echo d'alger. At least, to have an idea about trench colonial press history
Chaoui, Mohamed. "Les idées et l'action politiques du président Boumédiene, 1965-1978." Toulouse 1, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996TOU10031.
Full textWith the war of independence Algeria became internationally known. With the accession of Houari Boumediene at the head of the country, his national and international policy made it more outstanding. The aim of this study is to reveal the personality of Boumediene, his ideals, his objectives, his achievement, his errors
Brikci, Tani Farid. "La Constitution sociale de l'Algérie." Rouen, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998ROUEL306.
Full textThe algerian social constitution is the study which shows the great gap between theory and practice in a country which keeps proclaiming in its official documents what it was never able to active in its peoples life. The subject is an attempt to define this constitution in its object and its principles. On the one hand to reveal the link between the authorities and the governed, and on the other hand to appreciate the scope of everyone's rights and duties
Cantier, Jacques. "L'Algérie sous le régime de Vichy : de la fin de la IIIe République aux lendemains du débarquement allié : le temps de la Révolution nationale." Toulouse 2, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999TOU20076.
Full textZelaci, Chems-Eddine. "Les relations de l'Algérie avec les pays socialistes : 1962-1982." Paris 1, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990PA010286.
Full textMohsen-Finan, Khadija. "Fonctions et enjeux du conflit du Sahara occidental : conflit régional et politiques intérieures." Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995IEPP0010.
Full textThe Western Sahara conflict became, within the past years, a real stake between the North African countries political relationships on the one hand, and inside every concerned country of the region, on another hand. This work, in its two dimensional aspects - regional and national demonstrates how this war interfered and reacted with the regional politics together with major reactions on the national politics of Morocco and Algeria, and to a lesser degree, Mauritania. The Polisario having a specific role in this analysis. One major aspect of this war is also the utilization of the notion of referendum for political reasons by all sides
Achour, Nadjib. "Entre tradition et réforme : l'expérience de l'Association des Oulémas dans le département de Constantine (1940-1954)." Paris 7, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA070089.
Full textOur work aimed at studying the Algerian Ulamas Association, which was one of the most prominent elements of Algerian nationalism from 1940 to 1954 in Constantine area. The Sheikh Bashir al-Ibrahimi headed the Association in 1940 — succeeding its former leader Sheikh Abdul Hamid Ibn Badis (1889-1940) — and supported a new dynamic that allowed, among other things, the foundation of Ibn Badis Institute and the significant growth of the number of madrasas throughout the region. The purpose of our study was to understand and to shed light on the primary role of the reformist movement and its specificity regarding the political parties. To this end, we first investigated the major players of both religious and political sphere in Constantine. Their personal background, careers as well as their respective position towards the Ulamas Association were highlighted prior to examine the very logic underlying the establishment and the strategy of the islahist trend. In a second step, we analyzed i) the proper ideology of the movement and, ii) the cultural activism that resulted to a Weltanschauung posing the figure of the `Cdim as the unique incumbent detaining the right to "defend the nation". That explicit notion remains a fondamental key to understand the linkage between Islahism and politics. Likewise, we used that notion in order to understand and analyze the endogenous relationships that Ulamas maintained between a culture resulting from the anxiety-provoking colonial context, on one hand, and a millennial rationalized culture, on the other hand
Fromage, Julien. "Innovation politique et mobilisation de masse en « situation coloniale » : un « printemps algérien » des années 1930 ? : l'expérience de la Fédération des Elus Musulmans du Département de Constantine." Paris, EHESS, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012EHES0095.
Full textFollowing the independence of Algeria, nationalist history has focused on the continuous resistance of Algerian political parties to colonization, hence concealing the plural nature of Algerian militancy and the variety of imagined communities stemming from the colonial situation. Although our approach pays attention to long-term historical processes it mainly focuses on the decisive period of the 1930s. Focused on the experience of the Federation of Elected Muslims of the Department of Constantine our enquiry aims at analyzing the politicization process affecting the Algerian populations spatially, sociologically and anthropologically. Defining themselves as Muslims and Republicans, the Federation militants influence the mobilization of the Algerian society dramatically. They confront a French colonial regime that is itself conceived as a complex artifact, through a multilayered approach of colonial domination. Their protest and the political unrest they foster eventually force the French Government in 1938 to give up the long-term “civilization mission” as the overarching argument justifying the Colonial Republic, in favor of a clearer containment policy to protect immediate colonial interests. Political and social entrepreneurs, the Algerian reformists lose ground as the hope of a democratic reform fades away. They nevertheless pave the way to Algerian nationalism. We hope that this study dealing with the ambiguity and the creative paradoxes stemming from the colonial situation will help understanding why Eastern Algeria later became the major cradle of Algerian liberation, after the 1945 massacres of Setif and Guelma and the nationalist uprising of the Aurès in 1954
Coppin, Marc. "La Côte d'Opale en guerre d'Algérie : 1954-1962." Littoral, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010DUNK0294.
Full textBetween 1954 and 1962 thousands of young men from the Côte d’Opale were sent to Algeria to. In a land that was widely unknown territory to the most northern part of the home country they faced the horrors of a conflict that separated them from their families and their friends, made them lose their jobs. Three hundred and seventy-eight of those young men never came back. How did the population of the coast experience the war in their daily lives? This is a history of the Côte d’Opale through its conscripts and their families as well as their link with Algeria. On the coast, political parties and mainly left-wing trade unions, Christians and teachers took a stand against the extension of the war. However the “OAS” and the NLF also attracted some marginal commitment. From 1954 to 1958 the coast was legalist, but because the Fouth Republic was so largely discredited, General de Gaulle’s return to power was welcomed. Whenever a serious crisis arose though, as in May 1958, January 1960 and April 1961, General de Gaulle’s action was fully supported locally. In order to assuage the pain of the broken or mourning families, official bodies intervened to comfort or maintain a link with the young conscripts in Algeria. Charities and local organizations provided relief. The economic ties between the ports of the Côte d’Opale and the main colony of the country were also affected by the conflict, but relations were sustaines even after 1962. The setllement of a few repatriates and Harkis on the coast have kept alive the memory of the conflict and of its outcome. Fifty years on, speaking about the war still proves difficult
Cadiot, Aliénor. "Vichy et les Algériens : Indigènes civils musulmans algériens en France métropolitaine (1939-1944)." Thesis, Paris, EHESS, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020EHES0131.
Full textThe presence of tens of thousands of Algerians in metropolitan France between 1939 and 1944 is a known fact but one which has not been studied with precision, neither by the historiography of the Second World War, nor by that of the French colonial empire. Considered static, Algerian immigration is in reality a dynamic phenomenon. Indeed, between 1939 and 1942, three migratory waves took place between the two shores of the Mediterranean.On the eve of the war, Algeria is a territory worked by powerful and opposing political forces, ranging from separatism to assimilationism. At the end of 1939 and at the beginning of 1940, the Third Republic set up recruitments in Algeria for the needs of the war economy, as part of a wider recruitment process in various colonies. In this context, the installation of the Vichy regime in Algeria is a complex phenomenon, and it would be artificial to separate Algeria from the metropole.Simoultaneously, an intense surveillance of the populations considered as "North Africans", in majority Algerians, is organized: the Vichy regime sets up a secret service whose aim is to monitor the propagation of Nazi propaganda on both shores of the Mediterranean (the Algerian Affairs Service, SAA). This service is created in Marseilles, the nodal point of all questions relating to Algeria during the war years: indeed, beyond the SAA, the North African workforce services (MONA) of the whole metropole are also largely headed by that of Marseilles, which is in charge of managing the migratory flow across the Mediterranean. Indeed, just after the armistice, the new Vichy regime initiated a repatriation of Algerians to Algeria, which intensified from the summer of 1940 to the beginning of 1941, in the hope of reducing unemployment in the metropole. Conversely, from the year 1942 and in the broader context of forced recruitment of european workers by Germany, a new recruitment for the metropole is organized in Algeria, while many Algerians try to flee forms of work that do not suit them. This recruitment is particularly intense for the mining sector.In the occupied zone, surveillance efforts concentrate on Paris. The city is particularly suspect. Indeed, while the Parisian institutions dedicated to the administration of "North Africans" in the region are grappling with the conditions of the German occupation, a certain number of Algerians are in contact with both the collaborationist parties and with the occupation authorities, whether for political or commercial reasons. After the landing in North Africa on November 8th, 1942 and the following invasion of the southern zone three days later, as the entire metropolitan territory passed under German occupation and Algeria into the hands of the Allies, the Etat français makes efforts to overhaul the metropolitan services in charge of the administration of "North Africans", in fact inventing a new content for the phrase. Until the last days of the occupation, this administration will ensure that "North Africans" remain "loyal" to the Empire and to France
Lützelschwab, Claude. "La compagnie genevoise des colonies suisses de Sétif (1853-1956) : un cas de colonisation privée en Algérie." Paris 1, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003PA010566.
Full textJuin, Claude. "La guerre d'Algérie (après un demi-siècle) : la mémoire enfouie des soldats du contingent : des jeunes gens ordinaires confrontés à l'intolérable." Paris, EHESS, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011EHES0003.
Full textHalf a century passed since the end of the Algéria war. The generation of young conscripts called up for the national and involved in this conflict, has lived a distortded memory. Why 20 years old "ordinary" young men, has perpetrated, or had been passive witness of various exactions (tortures or summary executions). We have to investigate about their education, forged in the republican ideas of Human Rights and the spirit of Resistance. But nevertheless, from wich part this education could have arisen that strong feeling of scorn againts the Muslim population ? Should we have seen a discrimination there attributed to racism and why ? Then, we have examined how a repressive policy, could have led all these young people in arm and supposed to restore order, to perpetrate crimes and how some of them gave to their "instinct of destruction". We have tried analyse soldiers' acts and behaviours from determining factors such as : submission to orders, fright, revenge, frustration, fulfilment of duty. . . Finally we have explored the effects of "matters of counscience" that a generalized policy of "no law : the one of "pacification" could generate
Peyroulou, Jean-Pierre. "Guelma, 8 mai 1945 : une subversion européenne dans le département de Constantine, Algérie française : le système colonial à l'épreuve des réformes politiques et du nationalisme." Paris, EHESS, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007EHES0105.
Full textOn the day of the WW II victory, on may 8th, 1945, instead of a nationalist uprising in Guelma, there was a reaction of a subversive nature on the part of the French, triggered by their fear of being outnumbered by the Muslims and their opposition to the reforms of the government. It took the form of a massacre of Muslims and a terrorist policy, with the complicity of the civil authorities and police of the Constantine département. This subversive reaction in a rural and predominantly Muslim département, prefigured that of the OAS in the Algerian cities in 1960-1962, at the end of the Algerian War. It was a challenge to the metropolitan and French Algerian authorities and their reforms. Illegal institutions replaced legal ones. French militiamen killed large numbers of Muslims, officially declared missing. Between 1945 and 1954, under pressure from the settlers, the facts were shrouded by reasons of state, from the bottom to the top of the state apparatus. The French governments of the Quatrième République agreed to keep those violent and illegal acts secret, in the hope of saving their reform policies in Algeria, when the world was entering a period of decolonisation
Marynower, Claire. "Être socialiste dans l'Algérie coloniale : pratiques, cultures et identités d'un milieu partisan dans le département d'Oran, 1919-1939." Thesis, Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013IEPP0042/document.
Full textMy dissertation deals with the French Socialist group in the Western department of Algeria, Oran, during the interwar period. At first very reluctant about any proposition that could be considered similar to nationalism, this group progressively opened up to wider views: in the mid 1930s, it included a significant number of Algerian members and had added some of the major claims of the proto-nationalist movements to its political platform – mainly those of the Federation of Muslim elected representatives and the Association of Algerian Muslim ‘Ulamā. The process of cultural change in the Oran socialist milieu was accompanied and facilitated by mutations in both the socialist practices and sociability. Thus socialist ways of operating – mobilizing, campaigning and demonstrating – evolved: during the 1930s, the Socialists increasingly positioned themselves to attract the native Algerian population. But socialist ways of being – identities and social configurations – also mutated considerably, as the Socialist Party grew closer to the Algerian proto-nationalist organizations. The Socialist Party in Algeria can be understood as constituting an interstitial world, challenging the binary division of colonial societies into colonizing and colonized populations. The socialist activists of the Oran region challenged the “colonial border” in a significant albeit limited way. They opened a dialogue around the idea of colonial reform in a coercive context and constituted a “hegemonic imperial transaction”. The study of this short-lived community challenges the historiography as it analytically recalibrates the genesis of Algerian nationalism, taking into account a form of “colonial encounter” with the French left
Monneret, Jean. "La phase finale de la Guerre d'Algérie." Paris 4, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1997PA040288.
Full textIn 1962, the exodus towards France of one million Europeans settled in Algeria has often been explained by reference to the outrages committed by the OAS (Secret Army Organisation). It has in fact a variety of causes, among which the abduction of more than 3. 000 French citizens by the FLN (National Liberation Front) and uncontrolled groups ranks prominently. This historical fact has long been concealed. The void of the accords d'Évian, the ineffectiveness of the executif provisoire, (a provisional body in charge of current affairs in the interval leading to the independence) the ambiguousness of the orders conveyed to the French army are other important factors shedding light on this crucial period of time. We have chosen to call it. The final stage of the Algerian war and we are in a position to bring new contributions to the understanding of its various developments. Of course, such an analysis requires additional forays into a number of preceding events. The French government's policies before and after 1961, the rise of the secret army and its various strategies are examined thoroughly. The national liberation front's successive crises are equally studied in details. The brutal and violent events of those days have led to an important destruction of the social fabric of the emerging Algerian republic with consequences enduring to recent times
Sadon, Jacques Bernard. "Les Juifs d'Algérie sous Vichy : le sort réservé aux enfants de l’enseignement primaire et secondaire : la mise en place de l’enseignement privé juif." eSorbonne Paris Cité, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015USPCC026.
Full textThe topic of my studies deals with the social treatment of the Jewish Algerian community during the years 1940-1943 and more precisely how the primary and secondary school children were treated, as they were excluded from school by the chief education officer in Algiers Georges Hardy. The first part of my researches is dedicated to how the Vichy government took control and power in the colony and how the anti-semitic rules were applied, aiming at excluding and marginalizing the Algerian Jewish population in the colonial society. The local political French authorities' behaviour is described(governors ,prefects of regions ,etc. . . ). The rules of exclusion and reject aroused feelings of protest and indignation among the jew community. The muslim algerian and european poulation reactions have been examined too. The second part of my study deals with the school children exclusion. I have carried out a survey questioning 60 people and met personally 12 people. The very conditions of this exclusion have been analyzed, as well as what became of the victims: most of them have been deeply influenced and emotionnaly bruised for ever. The third part deals with the private school education in Algeria. The various forms of this education have been dealt with as well as the legal conditions regarding the opening of these schools. A deep study of the teachers' legal and professional status in this alternate system of education has been completed too
Hamizi, Maamar. "La crise algérienne dans les stratégies des puissances occidentales : France - Etats-Unis." Paris 3, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA030089.
Full textIn the epoch of the globalization where interrelationship is strong, a national crisis appears as an international affair, what draws away the involvement of third States which become so, by their foreign policies of the decisive elements in evolution and existent of this crisis. To illustrate it, we are interested in Algerian crisis in strategies of western potency, across the analysis of the Algerian policies of France and the United States in political, economic and security domains
Haddad, Mouloud. "Les Maîtres de l'heure : moments eschatologiques en islam méditerranéen (1847-1908)." Paris, EHESS, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008EHES0149.
Full textThe present thesis is structured around the following hypothesis: during the last quarter of the nineteenth century, in the Mediterranean Islamic world, reigned an "atmosphere" of eschatological messianism blending hope for a messianic Advent and fear of the Doomsday. The first part explores the eschatological fears -Iosing one's the land and losing one's faith - through the Algerian part of our research. The conquest of Algeria was indeed seen by many observers of that time as the privileged scene of a broader struggle between Christianity and Islam. Thus, we will try to understand the process of a real and / or symbolic deprivation - from the defeated point of view since from the conquerors stand point, their victory was not a conquest but a re-conquest of a lost territory - of a portion of the Dâr al-Islam. The fear of losing one's religion on the other hand, simultaneous with the fear of losing one's land, will be raised through the analysis of some more or less utopian projects of conversion of Muslims to Christianity. The second part will be devoted to considering the mystical and political expectation of the Saviour which characterizes the Messianic rime. We will first try to understand how the issue of the religious orders gave birth to the concept of "the friaries danger" carried away by a colonial literature that forged a worrying but also romantic image of the Algerian Master of the Time. Then, travelling from Eastern Mediterranean Sea to South China Sea, we will discuss how the Caliph-Sultan 'Abdul-Hamîd II has been able to attribute to his pan-Islamism many messianic qualities and how, on the other. Hand, Japan, during the era of Emperor Meiji, that defeated Russia in 1905, had been considered as the Saviour of Islam by some pan-Islamist elite which was against 'Abdul-Hamîd II and Westemised. In the third and final part, we will examine two signs that marked the millenarian lime: martyrdom and exile. .
Champrenault, Julie. "Cultures et empire, une société théâtrale en situation coloniale ? : Algérie 1946-1962." Thesis, Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015IEPP0046.
Full textThis Ph.D dissertation about the theatrical life in Algeria between 1946 and 1962 aims at answering the following questions: what sort of theatrical community managed to develop in Algeria in the context of the gradual disintegration of France’s colonial power? To what extent was it shaped by the political issues and national identity stakes which characterised cross-Mediterranean flows in the aftermath of World War II until Algeria’s independence? After the Liberation, France’s cultural life started renewing. A project of decentralisation was launched to democratise drama and bring it to the general public, led by deputy director of Performing Arts and Music at the Ministry of Education Jeanne Laurent. However France’s overseas territories, and more specifically Algeria, were kept aside of this set of reforms. Between 1946 and 1962, Algeria moved from the status of a colony of refuge – which hosted the French sovereignty during the Occupation – to that of an insurrectionary imperial territory. Cultural life and political and military events were interwoven in this territory which was subjected to the contradictions inherent to its hybrid position as both a national and a colonial space. Therefore this dissertation lies at the heart of three facets of history – political, colonial and cultural history. It is thus organised around three axes of research, aiming at depicting colonial Algeria’s theatrical scene, questioning the existence of a cultural policy dedicated to the Algerian territory, and analysing the politicisation of drama in Algeria in the final years of France’s colonial domination
Amrane, Djamila. "Les femmes algériennes et la guerre de libération nationale en Algérie, 1954-1962." Reims, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988REIML001.
Full textThe purpose of this thesis is to make out the militant women's participation in algerian struggle for national independence (1954-1962). According to the fact that french and algerian archives with respect to these events are not yet available for researchers, it was necessary to rely on other sources. This work is mainly founded on two sources as far unexploited : the file of the algerian ministry of the war veterans (moudjahidine), and the oral testimonies of militant women. On the other side, the newspapers of the period have been systematically looked through. Data supplied by 10 949 attestations to militancy concerning women registered as war veterans, have made it possible, thanks to a computer treatment, to obtain reliable statistics and draw some conclusions concerning the number of militant women, their age, geographic location, date of enrolment, sorts of activities, eventual detention and mortality owing to the war. 88 interviews of militant women have been done, recorded, deciphered, then verified by cross-checks and researches. These live witnesses, by their authenticity, have made up for the human dimension lacking in the statistics. With a view to replace in a historical context the women's participation in the war, the first part of this work consists in a statement of algerian women's situation in 1954. Then, after an analysis of statistical results, the social and cultural background has been studied,. .
Théoleyre, Malcolm. "Musique arabe, folklore de France ? : musique, politique et communautés musiciennes en contact à Alger durant la période coloniale (1862-1962)." Thesis, Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016IEPP0038/document.
Full textIn this dissertation, we seek to demonstrate that the history of music in Algiers from the 1860s to independence must be apprehended in terms of meeting and transfers between European and indigenous musical expressions. Characterized by live performance and being a point of contact, musical practice has been understood, as early as the beginning of the 20th century, as a means to create and tighten ties between communities; a purpose to which many actors of civil society have worked, increasingly supported by public authorities. Rubbed together, the different musical genres were modelled and consolidated, so that the Algiers’s so-called “Andalusian” musical tradition was, in fact, shaped by the dialogue between Europeans and indigenes. Thus, from 1862 to 1962, one can speak of Algerian music’s “franco-muslim” path; a path which reveals that the historical significance of Algerian independence in the field of music is as limited as its memorial weight is overwhelming in contemporary nationalist narratives on Algerian music. However, the Algiers musical case might be more telling from a cultural history of modern France point of view: it shows – surprisingly? – that in France, multiculturalism is not tied to imperialism. If one considers for a moment that Algiers, from 1862 to 1962, is not fundamentally “colonial”, admits that it has for a time shared a common destiny with the hexagone, and yields to the fact that it hosted a genuine cultural policy aimed at the promotion of diversity, one is led to wonder if Jacobinism, as is often said, is consubstantial to France
Cordonnier, Isabelle. "La France dans le Pacifique Sud : 1962-1988." Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991IEPP0009.
Full textThe decision to implement the French nuclear test site in French Polynesia was taken by the government in 1962. It deeply modified the relations between France and the South Pacific States. Between 1962 and 1988 three distinctive periods can be identified in the evolution of France's policy in the region, towards its territories as well as towards the independent States, and of the image of France. From 1962 to 1970 the South Pacific political region-to-be was organized and the basis of French regional activities set out. The misunderstanding between France-centered French activities and States or territories in search of a political regional lucus date back from these years. The differences of opinion between earis and the South Pacific States increased from 1971 to 1984. French activities were mainly conservative, in spite of some concessions. Neighbour States organized their international common posture (regionalism) and displayed an unrelenting hostility towards France. In 1985 only did Paris start to set up a regional polidy, which was obvious in 1988 only with the Matignon agreements. Since 1985, the South Pacific States had to review thierposture towards the external world
Amiri, Linda. "La Fédération de France du Front de libération nationale (FLN), des origines à l'indépendance (1926-1962)." Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013IEPP0007.
Full textThis thesis based on numerous previously unseen Algerian and French archives deals with the fight of the Algerian immigrants living in mainland France for the independence of their country from 1954 to 1962. The first part goes back to the establishment, the development and the methods of action of the various nationalist organisations that followed each other between 1926 and 1954, thus enabling us to gain a better understanding of the origins of the French Federation of the FLN. In the second part, this study means to historicise the French Federation of the FLN in order to understand its political and military strategy and therefore to analyse its links with the leading members of the FLN , its establishment, its organisational methods. It will analyse the conflict that opposed the French Federation to its rival the French Federation of the Algerian National Movement. In the third part will be question of the brutalisation of the Algerian immigrants by the French Federation of the FLN and by the French police forces
Hautreux, François-Xavier. "L'armée française et les supplétifs "français musulmans" pendant la guerre d'Algérie : expérience et enjeux." Paris 10, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA10A003.
Full textGirard, Simon. "Nationalisme révolutionnaire et socialisation politique : le cas du PPA-MTLD dans l'ancien département d'Alger, 1943-1954." Paris 7, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA070014.
Full textOur research studies the history of the Algerian People's Party-Movement for the Triumph of Democratic Liberty which was the main and most "radical" nationalistic party between 1943 and 1954 in the former « Departement d'Alger ». Chronologically speaking,1943 is the year in which the political activity restarted after the Allies' landing in North Africa and 1954 the year in which the Algerian Revolution started with the November the 1st uprising. Our research is divided into two main parts aiming at understanding a political party which developed a style of functioning and different means of action according to particular moments or according to the field where it spread its activity. Firstly, we performed a historical analysis in which we tried to reconstruct the historical facts in their chronological linking in order to understand the way the party evolved. Secondly,we tried to produce a socio-historical analysis aimed at studying the nationalistic « counter society » that the APP MTDL strived to build with its specific structures. This analysis has led to point out certain caracteristic features that are specific to the algerian revolutionnary nationalism
Bezes, Philippe. "Gouverner l'administration : une sociologie des politiques de la réforme administrative en France, 1962-1997." Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002IEPP0002.
Full textNibimenya, Albert. "Le sentiment national au Burundi : de l'époque de l'indépendance aux accords de paix, 1961-2005." Paris, EHESS, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006EHES0062.
Full textWhen taking account of objective criteria that historians, anthropologists and political scientists put forward to define this kind of political structure, Burundi is a quite old African nation. The colonisation has even found this country at an advanced stage of its standardisation and the movement, wich led the country to the independence, was based on a strong nationalist feeling that has ended in the departure of Belgians. However, at the end of the 20th century, it is hardly if the Burundian nation still existed despite the fact that for about thirty years, a hard-line nationalist state in charge has made nationalism and national cohesion the top values of its ideology. The present study searches therefore to understand the current situation of the national feeling in Burundi and the internal and external factors wich have affected it since the time of independence (1957-1961) until the Peace Agreement with its striking result, the Constitution of 2005
Bernard-Sinseau, Marie-France. "Aspects économiques et sociaux des États de la Caraïbe orientale membres du Commonwealth britannique : L'OECS : De la veille du Caricom à l'intégration régionale, 1962-2002." Antilles-Guyane, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007AGUY0208.
Full textThe Organisation of Eastern Caribbean States in composed of nine countries engaged in a process of regional integration since 1962. They have achieved significant succes in strengthening their economies but the challenge remains in the social field. Paradoxically, the high growth rate doesn't provide for a solution to the high level of poverty. The question is : To what extent has the collective strategy fostered human progress ? As Small island Developing states, how can they face the complexity of cultural and economic globalization ? If a level of social well-being can be locally noticed, owing to a significant diasporic contribution, cultural and institutional resources, the six independent states have also established a Central Bank with a single currency which has enjoyed unparalleled stability. In addition to inter-island cooperation is the coordination of performances in the use of United-Nations frameworks and assistance from the donor community. These countries are facing the new context of liberalization with great concern about the their own community environmental interests
Piot, Jean-Marie. "Le Président René Coty." Paris 2, 1985. http://www.theses.fr/1985PA020014.
Full textGiraudet, Frédéric. "La Vème République : les années d'apprentissage, 1958-1962." Paris 10, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990PA100104.
Full textMathias, Grégor. "Les officiers des SAS et des SAU et la politique de pacification pendant la guerre d'Algérie (1955-1962)." Thesis, Toulouse 2, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013TOU20036.
Full textThe mission of the SAS in Algeria is the current equivalent in NATO parlance civil-military cooperation. The SAS, the special administrative sections and SAU the city administrative sections were created by the governor general J. Soustelle. Its mission was to maintain contact with the population and collect the intelligence necessary for successful operation. The SAS and SAU would be irnplemented to administer the villages in Algeria to combat the economic misery and political inequality that were the root causes of the insurgency. With their civilian personnel and Muslin auxiliary troops (moghaznis), they were the administrative intermediaries responsible for development of their districts. They rebuilt schools. They cared for the sick by establishing fee medical assistance. They conducted censuses to establish welfare services and organized elections for municipal officials. They improved agriculture and husbandry, built roads and bridges. In military terms, the SAS officiers dismantled the FLN cells and collected intelligence on the ALN. They protected the village with their auxiliaries (moghaznis). ln three cities of metropolis, we find the presence of similar structures, with for Paris, an auxiliary police force. The SAS was an important policy to preserve French Algeria from 1955 to 1959, but then the new policy who wants to give at Algeria her independence (1960-1962) changed the SAS officer policy opinion. They try to oppose them during the referendum of Algerian auto determination (January 1961), at the time of the putsch (Apri11961), by tipping over to the terrorism (OAS), or by organizing Mussulmen auxiliary secret repatriation in France (April-May 1962)
Hubert, Nicolas. "De l'encre sur la plaie : éditeurs et éditions en France pendant la Guerre d'Algérie, 1954-1962." Versailles-St Quentin en Yvelines, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007VERS019S.
Full textBased on a corpus of 994 titles published, spread and read during the franco-algerian decolonization war - which was a writing war, as had been the Dreyfus affair - this thesis tries to fulfill a gap inherited from the historiography, wich until now has only studied some militant texts, and doing this, has described in a synthetic way the major role of the more mediatic actors of publishing field (Le Seuil, Minuit, Maspero). With the methods of an history of books, reading and publishing which tries to be all-embracing, we put into question the various forms (bondings, leaflets, pamphlets) and the different actors (from the administration, army, militant or professionnal sphere) having produced printing literature during the war. Contributing to the history of political, but also literary, scholar or academic publishing, this work is organized in three parts, reporting the reconfigurations operated within the publishing fields and reflecting the rythm of the production: 15% of the titles published in 1954-1956, 35% in 1957-1959 and 47% in 1960-1962. From the first intellectual mobilization of autumn 1955 and edition of l'Algérie hors la loi by the Jeanson couple to the torture denunciation campaign of summer 1957, in wich the citizens comities played a major role, a first radicalization is observed. The relative success met by the anticolonialists invalidating the official purpose of "order maintaining operations" urges the publishing houses wich dominate the field to deal with immediate history. As the cultural and political Third World is emerging, the rythm of production increases. A new radicalization arises. The regime crisis of may-june 1958 gives an occasion to deal with the war, not obliging to practice a political openness towards Algerian nationalism. A nationalist edition tries to reverse the anticolonialists campaign, while a literary edition reactivate orientalism. During the early 1960's, the praetorian (Jean Lartéguy) struggles over the roarings of the "wretched of the earth" (Franz Fanon)
Codaccioni, Vanessa. "Punir les opposants : une sociologie historique des "procès politiques" : les interactions répressives entre le PCF et l'État (1947-1962)." Paris 1, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA010309.
Full textGodard, Isabelle. "Le syndicalisme étudiant hier et aujourd'hui : de la guerre d'Algérie à nos jours, deux générations de militants ?" Aix-Marseille 1, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002AIX10010.
Full textMontéro, Muriel. "Le centrisme sous la Ve République de 1962 à 1976 : l'affirmation d'une force politique et la conquête du pouvoir : deux défis impossibles ?" Paris 4, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003PA040129.
Full textDefeated at the elections to the legislature in November 1962, centrists tried to create a large party, from Socialists to Christian Democrats and Liberals, a party able to compete with the Gaullism. "Centre démocrate" was created following Lecanuet's success at the presidential elections in December 1965 ; it united MRP, Independents and some Radicals near Maurice Faure, but couldn't resist to increasing influence of bipolarisation. Divergences separated centrists, as early as 1967, and appeared brightly at the presidential election in 1969. Jacques Duhamel, Joseph Fontanet, René Pleven, supported Pompidou and created "Centre Démocratie et Progrès" ; they partly succeeded in reorientating the majority in accordance with centrist ideas. On the contrary, "Centre démocrate", following Lecanuet, supported Poher and persisted in its strategy of opposition and third party. "Mouvement réformateur", due to an alliance with the Radicals November 1971, didn't succeed either in being the third political pole. 1974 all centre was united in Giscard's majority, it left both opposition and its status of independent party. May 1976 Centre démocrate and CDP merged, creating "Centre des Démocrates sociaux" (CDS). Studying evolution of centrism during the years 1962-1976, structures of Centre démocrate and CDP, specific characteristics of centrists (leaders, militants, electors), centrist ideology, local settlement and electoral geography, we can establish that centrism was, from 1962 to 1976, a real political force, based on a consistent doctrine, as a conjunction of three currents - Christian democracy, liberalism, reformist left -, based too on a specific strategy, original practices and significant behaviour. Centrists however remained for a long time divided, dispersed in several small parties. Fifth Republic's majority system didn't put an end to centrism, it only meant a modification of its place and function : bipolarity isn't a bipartite system. Thus can be substituted for the right-left-split a subtler division, which expresses better the diversity of political ideas and the variety of sensibilities
Scioldo-Zürcher, Yann. "Devenir métropolitain : politique d'intégration et parcours de rapatriés d'Algérie en métropole (1954-2005)." Paris, EHESS, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006EHES0125.
Full textThis study takes up the history of the French repatriated settlers from Algeria, between 1954 and 2005. Adopting the social history point of view, it brings to light the way the Algerian born French have built their migratory project. In particular, it surveys their appreciating of the Algerian independence war and the way it was a source of distress for them. In the second part, we move on to the social regulations the State set up in order to welcome, integrate and pacify the repatriates. Beside the investigation of 400 laws, the study compares the social and professional routes of 10500 repatriates who settled in the Seine and Puy-de-Dôme departments. It also analyses how administrative rules, aiming specifically at integrating the repatriates, were created ex-nihilo. Eventually, the third part shows how these French people became "pied-noirs", and how the State evolved from compensation policies during the 1970s, toward the idea of a moral redress on behalf of the nation
Giroux, Bernard. "La Jeunesse étudiante chrétienne (J. E. C. Et J. E. C. F. ) de 1945 aux années soixante-dix." Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009IEPP0034.
Full textThis document provides the first account of the History of the Jeunesse Etudiante Chrétienne (J. E. C. ) between 1945 and the seventies. That association is officially acknowledged and supported by the catholic hierarchy. It gathers catholic pupils and students who evangelize other pupils. While studing it, anyone tries to understand the link the french catholic Church keeps up with modernity, which is distinguished as a process marked by the State secularization, the advent of rationalism and the individual’s autonomy, at the expense of tradition, in particular religious. The study finally points out that the J. E. C. Seems to be an area of synthetis between modernity ad tradition. The author emphasizes the contribution from the J. E. C. To the change in the school system, in the catholic Church of France, in policies and in the intellectual thought. The author sets out the commitment of the movement to the fighting against the Algerian war and its attitude in May 1968. The thesis is supported with the analysis of various records which had never been analysed before. Besides the account and analysis of the events, the thesis provides additional tools to the future researcher : the list of ruling staff, a presentation of the officials and the outcome of a survey among former militants
Pérez, Amín. "Rendre le social plus politique : guerre coloniale, immigration et pratiques sociologiques d'Abdelmalek Sayad et de Pierre Bourdieu." Paris, EHESS, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015EHES0032.
Full textWhat is the purpose of sociology and under what conditions can it be practical? These are the questions posed by Pierre Bourdieu and Abdelmalek Sayad in a colonial situation and that this thesis aims to restore. The first part of this thesis follows step by step the work of both ethnographers in training in the context of the independence war of Algeria and at the time of the institutionalization of sociology as a discipline. The analysis of their personal archives, faced with a series of interviews and a bibliometric study of the reception of their works, reflects the social genesis of a critical sociology, out of the political and epistemological debates of the time, and reveals the needs and constraints of a sociological approach making a way to politics. In the second part, we are interested in the becoming of Sayad a sociologist of migrations, and implicated in intellectual, administrative and militant circles. This part suives to contribute to the study of the dominated working for another possible in the field of the dominant, even considering intellectual consecration in places other than the academie world. The biographical analysis and the modes of engagement of Pierre Bourdieu and Abdelmalek Sayad is a contribution to the real possibilities of being a committed sociologist. At the crossroads of a socio-history of colonial and migration issues, of an ethnography of intellectual practices and a history of social science, this thesis renders emprically the inextricably political and scientific sense of sociological practice
Bantigny, Ludivine. "Le plus bel âge ? : jeunes, institutions et pouvoirs en France des années 1950 au début des années 1960." Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003IEPP0021.
Full textHadouchi, Olivier. "Cinéma dans les luttes de libération. Genèses, initiatives pratiques et inventions formelles autour de la Tricontinentale (1966-1975)." Thesis, Paris 3, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA030065.
Full textWe study a corpus of films dedicated to the liberation struggles around the Tricontinental from 1966 to 1975. The expression "Tricontinental" applies to the three continents of the third world (Africa, Asia and Latin America), and mainly the Tricontinental Solidarity Conference which took place in Havana in1966, and also the organization and the publication with the same name. Mehdi Ben Barka was the Chairman of the Preparing Committee of the Tricontinental event, which had to reinforce the unity of the struggling third world against imperialism, colonialism and neo-colonialism all over the world. First, we show the genesis of cinema in the liberation struggles (the Algerian war of independence). Then we create a corpus of films around the tricontinental constellation, taking into account the posters and the animated images. This corpus is located at two main places: Africa and Latin America, at the background of Vietnam war. It includes works directed by: Santiago Álvarez, Julio García Espinosa, Mario Handler, William Klein, Yann Le Masson, Glauber Rocha, Alberto Roldán, Ugo Ulive, René Vautier. Various texts were written accompanying this cinema of third world’s liberation. We examine theories and manifestos such as: "For a Parallel Cinema (Anonymous)", "Esthetic of violence" (G. Rocha), "Towards a third cinema" (F. Solanas and O. Getino), "For an Imperfect Cinema" (J.G. Espinosa). The stylistic and the formal characteristics of these films are analyzed, in order to question the crossing from the hour of furnaces to the hour of the ashes and confusion, thinking about the theoretical and practical impact of these films
du, Réau Élisabeth. "Edouard Daladier et le problème de la sécurité de la France : 1933-1940." Paris 1, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987PA010631.
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