Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Politique et gouvernement – Haïti – 2000-'
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Chenet, Jean-Baptiste. "Mouvements populaires et Partis politiques (1986-1996) : la restructuration manquée de l’ordre politique agonisant." Thesis, Paris 3, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA030079/document.
Full textThe fall of the dictatorship duvalierist, on February 7, 1986, mark a true turning point in the political evolution of the country. The new situation which results from it is generally analyzed or included/understood under the angle of the explanation rising from the paradigm of the transitions. This framework of analysis appeared in all points misfit to give an account of the recorded upheavals. Consequently, the search for an alternative explanation has been suddenly posed. This research tries to explore this way. And it raises a fundamental questioning which apprehends the Haitian crisis under the angle of the exhaustion of the political order imposed at the time of the first American occupation for the period 1915-1934. The challenge of this reorganization of the political field had more requested the role and the action of two new actors who durably emerged in the political life of the country as from the Eighties: popular movements and political parties. The interaction which is established between these two actors had acquired at the same time a complex and problematic dimension. On the one hand, they (actors) had not been able to develop a clear conscience of their role in the process of political transformation in progress. In addition, it was established between the two actors a radical antagonism which ended up compromising the possibility of construction of the capacities national policies in order to support a positive development of the known as process. The return to the American direct domination, with the military intervention of 1994, will devote impossibility of finding an exit with the crisis with the internal plan. This intervention will confirm the reality of the exhaustion of the political order of 1934 whole while causing new contradictions. It in particular contributed to precipitate the removal of the army, while proceeding in a quasi-total way to the confiscation of the sovereignty of the country. During the decade 1986-1996 which remains hinge in the process of political change in Haiti, it was not possible thus to lead to a redefinition of the political order failing. But the stake of its renewal remains essential. In spite of their weaknesses and the controversies at the base of their relation, the popular movements and the political parties remain still the two principal forms of political representation or class action suit who can help to advance in this direction. The major difficulty is to manage to define the originality of the articulation between these two actors which could be appropriate well in the current context marked at the same time by the backward flow of the movements and the low level of rooting of the form partisane
Wörlein, Jan. "Gouverner l'humanitaire : une sociologie politique du monde des acteurs de l’aide en Haïti (2010-2016)." Thesis, Paris 10, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PA100089.
Full textThis PhD-thesis is an ethnographic study of the actors of the aid system and of their interactions within the humanitarian system in Haïti between 2010 and 2016. It is also a work based on the documentary review of the more global humanitarian reform dynamics, Haïti being a test zone for these dynamics. The objective of this dissertation is to make a political sociology of crisis management in this country. My study especially shows that the emergence of many juxtaposed sectors of specialization among these actors has led to the creation of a “bureaucracy of emergency management”, which works as a parallel governing force, away from the Haitian state, and thus leads to inconsistencies in crisis management and prevention. I analyze the work done by this bureaucracy to govern the humanitarian world as an art of government. My major argument here is to show that this art of government weighs on humanitarian actors as much as on aid beneficiaries, although in differing ways
Lévy, Michaël. "Violence rurale, réforme agraire et politique en République d'Haïti : chroniques de la plaine de l'Artibonite." Paris, EHESS, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006EHES0071.
Full textThe thesis analyzes the relationship between forms of the political power and legitimate forms of land tenure in Haiti, in the plain of Artibonite. This district has witnessed violent land conflicts since irrigation works have been carried out, in the fifties, giving greater value to these rice-growing lands and involving a land concentration. The constitution of the conflicts mix family and political intrigues, ideological cleavages, venal judges and armed repression. With the fall of the duvalierist dictatorship in 1986, a new generation of peasant activists born in contact with Theology of Liberation fights for access to land, for human rights and against impunity. The land reform confronts an enormous demographic pressure, the entanglement of land tenure systems and the antidemocratic political traditions. The bankruptcy of the democratic transition led to the failure of the land reform
Jean-Gilles, Jude. "La distanciation de l'administration publique haïtienne par rapport aux principes de la nouvelle gestion publique : une approche quantitative." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/22317.
Full textOdonel, Pierre-Louis. "L’ Emancipation au cœur de la politique du sentiment et de la logique humanitaire en Haïti : utopie ou impasse ?" Paris 7, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA070108.
Full textWhat can the emancipatory gesture of another be by means of a policy that reflects the sense of sentiment (feelings) and that of humanitarian logic? This research attempts to address the tension originated within this question in two complementary and interdependent parts (including three chapters each) of this thesis. It defends the idea: the act of emancipation of the other may feel secure in what is taken by the emancipated emancipation even in the instance that it will move its emancipation. From this point of view results the following philosophical propositions: a policy that is based on sentiment (be that of pity or compassion) hinders political emancipation itself. Then, when sentiments (feelings) take reins in policy implementation, relational virtues such as compassion and pity, permeate citizen reports/ state and notions of solidarity As such, through its humanitarian institutions and practices, these actions act as a barrier to citizenship skills and to the development of fulfillment through policy because it replaces the state and its citizens. In an untimely gesture, this work examines some possible implications (practical and theoretical) arising from the humanitarian experience in Haiti after the earthquake of January 12th, 2010 and which, examines the installation of rescue institutions in this country commonly referred to today as the " Republic of NGOs". The approach consists in a dual investigation both in philosophical reasoning and its effects, anthropological and sociological in how to approach the field of investigation per say
Nesi, Jacques. "Haïti à l’épreuve de la démocratisation : faiblesse, reconstruction et réinvention de l’Etat, 1986-2004." Thesis, Antilles-Guyane, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014AGUY0849/document.
Full textWhat does explain the weakness of a State which has committed more than 20 years to break with the practices of authoritarianism and neo-patrimonialism? Why the promises of a successful democratization, despite the massive support of the actors of the “international society” paradoxically led to the destabilization of the State in the context of recurrent crises? These are the key questions guiding this research, whose ambition is to study the processes by which elites and the Haitian masses appropriate democracy. From this point of view, democratization is analyzed as a political and institutional resource claimed by them as convincing evidence of their adherence to democratic grammar. Therefore, it is scrutinizing the winding roads and chaotic way borrowed by democratization in Haiti, by querying various striking sequences of Haitian political history. Emphasis is placed on the importation of institutional technologies of Western origin, particularly during the period opened in 1994 with the resettlement of Jean-Bertrand Aristide in his duties as president and on the period which starts in 2004 with his forced departure from power. These two historical sequences, underpinned by plans for the reconstruction of the State, are marked by the mobilization of various resources, with a view to laying the foundations for new political and economic governance. They also define a field of conflicting representations, characterized by competition between Western States and the struggle for the distribution of power between the international organizations and local elites issues.The analysis of the process of democratization leads to paradoxical representations: the exacerbation of violence, the updating of authoritarianism, the multiplication of deviant situations arising from the strategies of local actors. The latter are trying to escape from the constraints imposed by external actors involved in order to punish, to arbitrate and to impose decisions on the factions struggling for power. Thus, democratization goes hand in hand with crises of adaptation, contradictory phases of re-composition, hybridization of the imported institutions and, sometimes with circumvention of the standards and procedures. Between internal and external actors are settled and organized interactive dynamics that influence the State of which the final configuration is far short of the objectives set out through the aimed reforms. In order to better highlight the distinguishing features of this State forged in uncertainty and vagueness, the thesis proposes to analyze the dynamics and historicity of Haitian society, privileging, the hypothesis of the reinvention of the State. Paradoxically, the State may be the product of process of violence and the chaotic part that includes the situation in Haiti can conceal the beginning of its construction
Jabouin, Evens. "Entre péripéties, luttes et participations : l'émigration des Haïtiens en Floride et en région parisienne au cours du vingtième siècle." Paris, EHESS, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016EHES0044.
Full textWhen one mentions the question of the emigration of the Haitians throughout the world, one of the recurrent themes relating to it is that it is almost systematically associated with the years 1960, and more particularly with the advent of Papa Doc to the power in Haiti. As for the favored destinations of the Haitians, there is another recurrent theme which consists of presenting Miami as the bastion of the poor boat people, whereas Paris is regarded as the destination of a more elite Haitian migration or of the persecuted political actors. This study intends to show that what seemed true in Paris during the 19th century and at the beginning of the 20th century has not been the case for already a few decades. Going back to the first wave of emigration towards Cuba in the years 1910, it shows that the emigration of the Haitians precedes Duvalier, and examines the issue relating to the hosting and the settlement of recent waves of Haitian immigrants in France, in the United States and elsewhere. Regarded as undesirable, they were received rather unfavorably in their respective countries of reception. Nevertheless, recently, the Haitians abroad are shifting from their status of the undesirable poor to that of an influential and respectable group. In Florida today, the Haitians have come to be an important municipal players, elected to the head city institutions which has long been inaccessible to them. In the Paris region, the Haitians have not had equivalent electoral and political success, because they are less visible socially. But they have been, in recent years, part for a very encouraging sociocultural dynamic
Toyo, Frantz. "Hai͏̈ti, un pays en quête d'un système de défense et de sécurité viable : de la naissance de la République à nos jours." Toulouse 1, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004TOU10033.
Full textSince its independance in 1804, Hai͏̈ti's incoherence shows that the rulers had never the intention to defend the sovereignty of the people but to defend the material economic interests of a small group of individuals, by using a loyal army of the governments. The political instability, the incompetence of the political leaders during the first century of independence led Hai͏̈ti to lose its sovereignty to an American occupation that lasted 19 years from 1915 to 1934. The formation of inexistent army, post-occupation was considered as an American product that continued to exercise its dominance over Hai͏̈ti. Duvalier profited the period of the cold war to put in place this army and not that by set up place another system of popular defence for his personal security "les tontons-macoutes" witch wire not of the people. The post-Davalierist period revealed that the Hai͏̈tian army was one of the destabilising elements for its democracy, while to made the putsch's took place. The inexistence of its political defence enabled the USA and the United Nations to force the Hai͏̈tian government to get rid of the army in 1995 for strengthen the police. This date propelled Hai͏̈ti to be one of the rare countries without an army and redefined its political defence and security in a country characterised by its political instability. This state of affairs generated misunderstanding and the rejection of this new direction for the Hai͏̈tian people
Lucien, Georges Eddy. "Port-au Prince (1915-1956) : modernisation manquée : centralisation et dysfonctionnements." Toulouse 2, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007TOU20068.
Full textOur research, without giving a long-term study, highlights the index on urban development of Haiti's Capital Port au Prince. The main idea of our work, supported for several years, is to stress on important elements of the issue, in particular its historic evolution and specific environment of haitian Government. Thanks to an historic graph, based on description, it seems to us in the wake of our first researches, that the years of the American invasion in Haiti ( 1915-1934), secondly the years before the Duvalier dictature ( 1957-1986) play a main role concerning the development of Port au Prince. Then, our historian look focuses on this decisive period. Are the years 1915-1956 responsible for the fail regarding the development attempt of Haiti's Capital, as the Haitian and foreign Authorities wish it? The theme of urban development covers a study in three cases on which we come back regularly in this work: projects of modernization, or transformation of urban structures; planning programs by the Authority in power, like foreign leaders or Haitian Administrations ( State, city council). Finally, assessment of companies regarding the Capital, about its urban crisis and management of the growth by the authorities. Then, we stress on a political history way concerning the urban fact. How is the capital's city centre managed, governed by its authorities in a period of crucial transformations for the country
Sonko, Bruno. "Essai sur la politique africaine du Sénégal, 1981-2000." Toulouse 1, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001TOU10008.
Full textContinuity and changes in Senegal's foreign policy in Africa, re-examines the principal objectives, guidelines and major orientations
Katumanga, Musambayi Chrisanthus. "Leadership, organisation et prise du pouvoir : les causes du succès des mouvements de résistance en Ouganda et au Rwanda (1981-2000)." Pau, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002PAUU2009.
Full textDésir, Marc. "Presse écrite et pouvoir politique en Haïti dans l'interrègne de 1956 à 1958." Antilles-Guyane, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010AGUY0389.
Full textOur thesis deals with this issue related to written Press and political power during the 1956 - 1958 events that occurred in Haiti. This period, originating from President Magloire resignation in 1956 to François Duvalier's mandate conslodation in April 1958 is marked by strong political tensions. That begins with the struggles launched by President Magloire's supporters and opponents at the end of his presidential mandate. A period of instability followed Magloire departure with the succession of five governments in ten months. Besides, those two years are relevant to Haitian journalism , in a country where written Press finds its particularity from oldness and great frality. The consolidation of François Duvalier's regime goes with an offensive against written Press that reaches its climax at the end of April 1958, with the closing of Haiti-Miroir, the last journal of opposition. However, in this difficult situation, journals, by interfering with political struggles during this period, from 1956 to 1958, experienced an important downturn. They ceased to be the place of a single gouvernemental thought to reflect the plurality of coexisting trends of thoughts. Moreover, those journals were also used as a fouth power that tended to cling to actuality and gear the events, in a period stressed by confusion
Rêgo, André Heráclio do. "Une famille de coronéis au Brésil : pouvoirs, images et représentations (1850-2000)." Paris 10, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004PA100158.
Full textThe study articulates a critical reflection of two phenomena focused among the most studied subjects by social scientists in Brazil, the patriarchal family and the coronelismo. Specifically, a family of coronéis : the Heráclio do Rêgo family. They had a remarkable presence in several federated states of Brazil during the decades spanning 1850-2000. The analysis of the historic, economic and social aspects of the family's life and its power will be complemented by the study of images generated by and toward this family, as well as the symbolic capital they had accumulated and the cultural representations in erudite and popular lierature, and also in the memory and in the imaginary of Brazil
Polo, Jean-François. "État, pouvoirs et société au Paraguay : cinq siècles d'autoritarisme 1537-2000." Paris 1, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001PA010299.
Full textHernández, Olga. "La communauté japonaise au Pérou 1899-2000 et le gouvernement d'Alberto Fujimori." Paris 3, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001PA03A002.
Full textYeghaneh, David. "Crise et recomposition du système politique japonais 1993 - 2000 : jeu des acteurs et influence des institutions." Paris 2, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004PA020048.
Full textAhmed, Einas. "L'élite du pouvoir au Soudan : hégémonie et recrutement politique (1985-2000)." Bordeaux 4, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004BOR40019.
Full textClorméus, Lewis Ampidu. "Entre l'État, les élites et les religions en Haïti : redécouvrir la campagne anti-superstitieuse de 1939-1942." Paris, EHESS, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012EHES0133.
Full textThe anti-superstition campaign (1939 – 1942) marked a turning point in the socio-historical relations between the State, the elites and religious groups in Haiti. It created not only the emergence of an « ethnological movement » bearing the imprint of Indigenist discourse, but also a deep crisis between the Catholic clergy of the Concordat and the civil powers. This anti-superstition campaign, generally defined as an anti-Voodoo offensive launched by Breton clergy, developed in two stages. The first (1939 - 1940), interpreted as a grassroots movement, was the work of peasants who decided to "reject" Voodoo. The second stage (1940 - 1942) was characterized by the appropriation of this movement by the Catholic clergy, supported by the public authorities, in an attempt to better combat Anglicanism, Protestant cults and Voodoo. The anti-superstition campaign officially ended with the violent incidents of Delmas and the removal of the papal nuncio in 1942. But the intransigency of the Catholic clergy towards Protestantism and Voodoo remained in place until the indigenization of the clergy under the presidency of Francois Duvalier (1957-1971). In sum, the anti-superstition campaign reflected a problem of recognition of the religious and cultural rationalities that make up the socio-religious landscape in Haiti
Nayouf, Salah. "La formation de la pensée politique en Syrie (1945-2000) : les courants idéologiques." Paris 3, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PA030036.
Full textThis thesis highlights the situation of ideological movements in Syria and debates how to build a new Syria. The principal idea and aim of this work is the distinction between two stages of the political thought in Syria: the stage of constructing the national State and the democratic project after the independence, and the stage of constructing the State/Party or the totalitarian and authoritative project of the Baath party. For that, this study has several approaches. The first relates to the definition of the evolution of ideology and political thought in Syria, and the forms of this definition. The analysis approaches the historical point of view within a framework of relationships between the political ideas and the social and economic development. The second relates to the relationship between ideology and reality, and that gives an analysis of the political social and economic practices
Diop, Alioune Badara. "Logiques sociales et démocratie électorale au Sénégal, essai de reconstitution et d'interprétation d'une trajectoire de crise : l'exemple du Fouta Tooro (1983-2001)." Bordeaux 4, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2003BOR40050.
Full textSince 1952 the Parti socialiste (PS) has been exerting an electoral hegemony over the Senegalese polity. The overall economic climate in the one hand, political issues created by Ousmane Tanor Dieng's contested legitimacy at the head of the PS, in the other, account for Abdou Diouf's electoral defeat in 19 March 2000 as well as his party's in 29 April 2001. This doctoral thesis analyses and interprets the critical and protean trajectory wich "works on" Haalpulaar en voters mind from 1983 to 2001 in Fouta-Tooro. In the light of three fundamental social logics - distributive stratification of power, gift and counter-gift, the tooroodo monopoly on modern political legitimacy - , the author questions the state crisis and its corollary : the destabilization of routine regulations, to explain how the changeover of political power between parties became feasible via free and fair elections
Kaciaf, Nicolas. "Les métamorphoses des pages Politique dans la presse écrite française (1945-2000)." Paris 1, 2005. https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01078668.
Full textDominguez, Narez Freddy Eutimio. "Gouvernabilité et légitimation dans le régime autoritaire mexicain (1985-1995)." Paris 1, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999PA010280.
Full textNgono, Louis Martin. "La construction du vote en Afrique : le Cameroun aux urnes (1945-2000)." Lyon 2, 2000. http://theses.univ-lyon2.fr/documents/lyon2/2000/gono_lm.
Full textAt the turn of the eighties and nineties, black Africa seemed to be engaged in a wave of democratization led by a favorable world time, and social mobilizations of varying scope according to the country. At a time when this process of democratization seems not to have led to the expected results, it remains in the case of Cameroon, the profound recomposition of public space and the transformation in depth of modalities of political action. Therefore, political power seems subject to the assault of critics and to the reactions of public opinion. Elections produce from here on out an effect of suspense and debates have the agonistic allure of challenges of wars of words which amplify the competition. The diversity of electoral consultations no longer guarantees the constitution of one homogenous political majority. The state appears more segmented between endowed institutions of a relative autonomy, there where a single party previously ruled. Certainly the rules of the game are not definitively fixed, but they lead to the movement of a political system that appears recently to still be stuck in the authoritarian order. If all of these changes place, from here on out, Cameroon under a regime of alternation, the research returns to a period that precedes the beginning of the process of these changes that will for a long time remain masked by the nearly mechanical effects of a political devalorization on the African continent and that coincides with the advent of the vote in this country. This work aims to put to light the ideological device of the exclusion of the indigenous masses from the political scene and the process of their integration by successive states into the electorate. Before the operations that express the objectification of the election process in Cameroon are treated, this study envisions first putting into evidence practices and representations that are at the root of behaviors in election matters. In this analytical crossing of a half of a century of election practice in Cameroon, a process clearly distinguishes itself which signifies the comprehension of democracy and translates at the same time the originality of African democratization which realizes itself more within the realm of reform than within that of revolution
Protzel, Javier. "La television et la crise de la representation politique au perou : 1980-1993." Paris, EHESS, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997EHES0113.
Full textThis dissertation paper aims to study the transition from participation and representation political models at peru to a communication model, in a context of decay of social actors and of political institutions. The text has six chapters. The first one deals with the relation of cultural industries with the building of national symbolisms and of the transition from dialogical and territorial modes of communication (classical populisms) to contemporary simulations in political communication. The second one studies the organization of the medium. After a very short historical approach, there is an overview of that current functioning of the networks, particularly of political programs and daily news. The relations of the political system with tv networks are analyzed in the third chapter, according to a classification which combines two axes. We can find a national-military model, a neopopulist and a liberal-authoritarian. Important features are concluded concerning the influence of the armed forces. On the fourth chapter, the results of a sample applied in lima to 512 persons are presented, as well as the results of the group dynamics and of interviews in depth. The issue of the publics and of reception processes is developped therein. Chapter five deals with the 1990 election. It is the core of the field research. It studies how fujimori, an outsider of japanese origin, succeeded over the novelist mario vargas llosa. The last chapter is situated inside the new situation. The neoliberal adjustment program applied by fujimori set the conditions for terrorism and ennemy to make more progress. The influence of the military and of the intelligence services upon most television networks after the self-coup d'etat of 1992 are critically examined
Doire, Marie-France. "Démocratisation et libre-échange : le rôle des institutions politiques du Mexique dans le choix de la politique commerciale." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/33023.
Full textLabidi, Salma. "La question palestinienne dans le debat politique et intellectuel en Israël (1967-2000)." Thesis, Paris 3, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA030039.
Full textThe objective of our thesis is to analyse the nature of the Israeli approach in the Palestinian question and to define the factors which have determined its evolution. The examination of the Palestinian question through the Israeli parliamentary and extra-parliamentary political debate, in the first part of our thesis, has allowed us to reveal the ideological foundations of the approach of each camp: the right as well as the left. This analysis has highlighted several characteristics of the Israeli political system such as the interaction politics/religion and politics/military which defined the Palestinian policy of Israel. Our historical approach to this question has allowed us to return to the distant origins of the political regression of the left and the progress of the right. The context of the Second Intifada was accelerating this process. In the second part our thesis concerns the analysis the intellectual debate in Israel. The Israeli consensus around the Palestinian question which has prevailed during the Second Intifada and triumph of politically right wing ideas made us question the strength of the peace in Israel. While analyzing the intellectual left debate we looked for an alternative approach to that of the right. At first we approached the Israeli academic debate. Particular attention was granted to the Post-Zionist current witch break with the official Zionist approach. The examination of what influences this current opinion allowed us to measure the contribution but also the limits of the Post-Zionism debate with regard to the Palestinian question. In this thesis we are also interested in the reactions of the Israeli pacifist intelligentsia in the context of the Second Intifada. This examination allowed us to highlight the phenomena of the drive to the political right wing and the hardening of Israeli intellectual opinion. These Two alarming phenomena have made some critical intellectuals react and it is to them that we dedicate the last chapter of our thesis
Carrasco, Brihuega Daniel. "Les carrières ministérielles en France et au Mexique : une étude comparée : 1981-2002." Grenoble 2, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003GRE21016.
Full textGarcia, Castro Antonia. ""Où sont-ils ?", comprendre une intrigue, la permanence des disparus dans le champ politique chilien : enjeux mémoriels, enjeux de pouvoir (1973-2000)." Paris, EHESS, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001EHES0001.
Full textStarting from a reflexion about the forced dissapearing practise of the chilean military government (1973-1989), the objective of the study is to state the different periods of a political discussion actually based on three words : truth, justice, reconciliation. Wich part of the truth about the past crimes "is good" to stablish today ?. .
Charles, Thierry. "Le chabanisme : idéal politique et projet social." Lyon 3, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992LYO33025.
Full textChabanism is mneither a deviation or an imitation of a failing gaullism. Where does the difference lie ? not of course, in the attachement to a republican "france libre" but in a political, economic and social conception. It's very close to both the english idea of a parliamentaty government and to liberalism. The chaban doctrine can be divided into two periods : one of secret complicities (iv republic) and illusions (from 1969 to 1972); and one of latent opposition to de gaulle and then to pompidou. (in its relationship to the executive power) two concepts epitomize chabanism : its criticism of society and its reforms to set up a new society the chaban doctrine is rooted in the romantic attachement of france to failure ( chaban and "l'exception francaise" ). Great men have always been faced with the painful experience of adversity, ungratefulness and failure
N'Sanda, Buleli Tchungu. "La mémoire et l'histoire dans les constructions politiques régionales et ethniques au Maniema pandant la transition (1990-2000), République Démocratique du Congo." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/17830.
Full textDe, Bellefeuille Marie. "Le paradoxe de la centralisation dans la fédération de russie : le cas du Tatarstan sous Vladimir Poutine de 2000 à 2008." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/23241.
Full textCachat, Gérard. "La genèse du septième plan quinquennal, 1986-1990 : en République populaire de Chine, 1976-1986." Bordeaux 3, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988BOR30021.
Full textArthus, Wien Weibert. "Les relations internationales d'Haïti 1957-1971 : la politique étrangère de François Duvalier." Paris 1, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA010612.
Full textCagé, Agathe. "Réceptions et usages par les professionnels de la politique des contributions des intellectuels en France au début des années 2000 : l’hybridité des acteurs comme ressource politique." Thesis, Paris 1, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PA01D097.
Full textNo English summary available
Gharibeh, Azza. "La presse écrite économique en Syrie et la réforme de juillet 2000." Paris 2, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PA020075.
Full textLavoir, Jean-Yves. "L'administration locale en U. R. S. S. Et en Russie 1985-1995 : étude sur la tentative de transformation du système des soviets en une organisation décentralisée." Bordeaux 4, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995BOR40029.
Full textSubject to the principle of the organization of democratic centralism and to the authority of the communist party, the soviets at all levels formed, in the ussr, aunified system of organs of statepower. By ending the substitution of the party's organs to those of the state with a view to establishing a rule-of-law state, gorbatchov's reforms, or perestroika, gave the soviets a political legitimacy. They then demanded, at a local level, tehir autonomy in relation to the central power, which led to the adoption of the concept of "local self-government", a first step towards decentralization in russia. However, the practival application of this concept first clashed with the come back of centralism after the events of august 1991, then with the will of the regions to become fulltime elements of the federation of russia, finally with the russian tradition of direct democracy in the management of local affairs
Al, Saba Nasir. "Les données politiques et symboliques du régime syrien." Paris 9, 1988. https://portail.bu.dauphine.fr/fileviewer/index.php?doc=1988PA090012.
Full textIn the first part of this thesis which is devoted to the role and political strength and power of the army, we shall study in turn various main political parties, wether in power or in the opposition, social organizations, and look into the various forms of political power. Through the study of the evolution of the army and its political role we shall discuss one of the principal problem of third world countries, that of the army and the practice of the coup d'Etat, principally the coup of 1970 involving President Assad and then look into the symbolic economic policies. The second part will deal with the study of fundamental ideas with a stress on anthropology and the community. We shall first see the case of minorities and the phenomenon of authoritarianism, discussing the problem of the "alaouites" and of the legitimacy of minorities, as well as the state of dictatorship in the Syrian society. We shall then try and understand the increasing impact of secularity on the muslim society, the various aspects of the Arabic identity and the relationship between the political discourse or ideology and authoritarianism. Finally we shall devote the third part of this thesis to the study of the relationship between politics, religion and symbolism examining in turn aspects of the ideology and communication in the theoretical and political discourse, before looking at the present aspects and situation of the regime
Ammar, Fawzi. "La cinquième guerre israélo-arabe : stratégie et tragédie." Rennes 2, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989REN20004.
Full textAttacks against Lebanon, colonization in the west bank and Gaza, unending Palestinian exile, crisis in Israel: each day, the bombing, battles, attacks, provocations, and repressions multiply. The owderkeg threatens to explode. The history in which the roots of the Arab Israeli conflict are plunged throws a light on its development. June 6, 1982, the Israeli army invaded Lebanon and this event, with its still incalculable consequences, constitutes a turning-point in the history of the region. Interpreted as clearly as possible, this study attempts to discuss the Lebanese imbroglio, as well as its regional and international consequences, which include, among anothers, the discovery and publicizing of the Kahan link, the meeting of the 16th CNP (Palestine national congress) and the Arab Israeli accord of may 17, 1983. An addition to an analysis of the situation, the principal elements of its history are presented: interweaving of projects, strategies, policies, players methods of action, all just as diverse as they are contradictory. Grouped chronologically from 1975 to 1983, these elements relate the genesis of the fifth Arab Israeli war, whose eating away of the region we are still experiencing today
Chantin, Robert. "Des temps difficiles pour des résistants de Bourgogne, échec politique et répression (septembre 1944-1953)." Lyon 2, 2000. http://theses.univ-lyon2.fr/documents/lyon2/2000/chantin_r.
Full textNovikoff-Srouji, Xenia. "De la lointaine "Russ" à Boris Yelstine : Du "russisme" comme système." Nice, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002NICE0063.
Full textDimitrova, Anna. "Le Conseil de l'Europe et la transition bulgare de 1989 à janvier 2000." Université Robert Schuman (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003STR30014.
Full textThis thesis makes a study of the relations between the Council of Europe and Bulgaria from 1989 to January 2000. The analysis of the bilateral relations concerns particularly the following matters: the first political contacts, the Council of Europe reaction to the campaign against the muslim minority in Bulgaria ("bulgarisation"), the process of the country's accession to the Organisation, and the state of the bilateral relations after the accession, especially the monitoring procedure on Bulgaria on behalf of the Council of Europe Parliamentary Assembly
Urioste, Guglielmone Sebastián. "L’exception ordinaire : la suspension temporaire des garanties constitutionnelles en Bolivie (1825-2000)." Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010IEPP0007.
Full textThis thesis aims to identify the rationality of the state of exception in Bolivia between 1825 and 2000, in other words, to analyse the practices and the arguments implemented by the Bolivian governments to temporarily suspend the constitutional guarantees. Such a suspension appeared at the end of the wars of independence, when the popular sovereignty became the frame of legitimization of the Bolivian political arena. In different situations and facing singular problems, a logic of assimilation shaped a way of thinking and applying the limitations of personal freedoms in order to fight “conspiracies” against “public order”
Ndiaye, Amadou. "La confrérie des Mourides et ses rapports avec le pouvoir politique au sénégal de 1960 à 2000 : Contribution à l' histoire de l' islam au Sénégal." Perpignan, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PERP1043.
Full textThis study proposes a journey into the « Black African Islam » throughout its social and historical construction. Thus, we wanted to analyze the political effects of the religious field transformation going from 1960 to 2000, taking as a case the Murid Brotherhood. In fact, since the colonial period in Senegal, the murid brotherhood has with the political power relations based on a reciprocity services which was becoming a kind of exchange System. This Relationship places on the political stage three characters: the sheikh, his follower and the political power. Designated under the expression of Senegalese Social Contract, it will undergo important changes linked to situations and the transformations of the modem world. However, since the year 2000, the new president Abdoulaye Wade starts with a new paradigm concerning the relations between Politicians and Saints by showing publicly his belonging of the murid brotherhood, and multiplying actions in favour of murid projects. By doing so, he put again the question of "secularism", a fundamental principal in the Senegalese Constitution, into debate. This study will also question the relations between the murid saints and the press in Senegal often under self-censorship
Sarr, Ibrahima. "La démocratie en débats : L'élection présidentielle de l'an 2000 dans la presse quotidienne sénégalaise : Sémiologie d'une communication du politique : Perspectives pour une éducation aux médias." Paris 2, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004PA020016.
Full textRavshanov, Otabek. "La politique de la Russie en Asie Centrale sous le président Vladimir Poutine (2000-2008)." Thesis, Toulouse 1, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015TOU10009/document.
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Joseph, Délide. "Genèse d'« une idée avantageuse d'Haïti » : socio-histoire de l'engagement des intellectuels haïtiens, 1801-1860." Paris, EHESS, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014EHES0013.
Full textA " Haitian Intellectual " is a person who, by all sorts of practices, product ideas that tend to define, question Haitian society. The study takes as its starting point, the Constitution of 1801 and ended with the restoration of the republican regime in 1859. Haitian intellectuals themselves as defenders of Haiti but also present as the embodiment of the capacity of countries access Civilization. This objective gives rise to a dual strategy of positioning. It is, first, to address the external stakeholders, as must be met defamatory writings of the ancient settlers and opponents of the project of a new state born of the struggle against slavery. It was then express a clear desire to distance themselves from other social groups in the country who do not share or do not master the accepted and dominant at the time social codes. The thesis therefore explores how such recognition sought out. The quest for recognition of intellectual expresses himself through a claim of Haiti's ability to access the civilization and progress, but also by the development of a knowledge that legitimize their political power. A practical effect of their application for recognition through the rehabilitation ofthe "black race. " This thesis shows how the Haitian intellectuals fail to think the relationship between universalism from their westemized training and the particularity of other cultures existing in Haitian society
Duchâtel, Mathieu. "La politique de sécurité nationale à Taiwan sous la présidence indépendantiste de Chen Shui-bian (2000-2008) : sécurité politique et crise de légitimité." Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009IEPP0036.
Full textIn 2000, Chen Shui-bian, the candidate of the pro-independence Democratic Progressive Party, is elected President of the Republic of China on Taiwan. The first peaceful transfer of power of the history of Taiwan marks a strategic break in East Asia. After the Kuomintang lost the Chinese Mainland to the Communists and relocated the regime on Taiwan by the end of the 1940s, the island’s external security was always conceived in terms of unfinished civil war with Mainland China. Shui-bian transforms Taiwan’s security policy based on a national referent, although Taiwan independence is viewed in Beijing as a potential casus belli. Without a parliamentarian majority and a power basis in the army, Chen Shui-bian faces legitimacy denial on the domestic arena from his inaugural address. But during his second term, his controversial nation-building project and suspicions of corruption spark off a profound legitimacy crisis. Facing the rise of China, with which economic and trade exchanges continue to grow during his two mandates, Chen Shui-bian’s security policy aims at securing Taiwan’s national sovereignty, although it lacks international recognition. Moreover, the United States, Taiwan’s main source of external support, disapprove Chen’s pro-independence policies. Analyzing Taiwan’s national security policy between 2000 and 2008 aims at determining to what extent and through which strategies a new actor in control of the executive branch of power can overcome internal oppositions and transform a policy inherited from the authoritarian period, against a background of fierce democratic competition, competing national identities and pressures from great powers
Voïta, Thibaud. "De la technologie comme instrument politique : les projets de liquéfaction du charbon et de véhicules hybrides et électriques en Chine." Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011IEPP0070.
Full textTechnology plays a very important role in Chinese discourse on the modern state. Chinese growth is considered by national leaders to be both a process of catching-up with the west and a race toward modernity. This discourse is disseminated to the whole society and at the same time influences the choices of many actors. Technology has a value: bureaucrats and entrepreneurs use it to accomplish their ambitions. They assimilate it in their discourse and incorporate it into notions such as economic security and nationalism. This thesis focuses on this process, and more precisely, on the genesis of two projects from the energy sector: coal-to-liquids and hybrid and electric vehicles. These two projects have followed a similar path: the central government first identified the technology as being a priority, then state-owned enterprises developed important projects using this technology with support from the state, finally private companies developed similar projects. This then has led to a showdown with China. However, this is not a grabbing-hand state vs. Private sector showdown, since these non-state-owned actors have benefitted from strong local government support
Vixamar, Joram. "L’Etat central et les collectivités décentralisées d’Haïti : étude des relations dans le processus de décentralisation." Thesis, Rennes 2, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019REN20023.
Full textHow did the Haitian State go from the status of Centralized state to that of unitary and decentralized one ? The purpose of this paper is to understand, from the point of view of laws and history, the behavior of the central government in relation to the local one by highlighting their institutional relations. To do this, we studied a sample of 5 municipal communities. The legal base of the local authorities of Haiti was defined by the Constitution of 1816 with the creation of the communes as administrative districts of the State to replace the old parishes inherited from the French colonial structures of the nineteenth century. From 1816 to the present days, history of Haiti shows periods of progress, of silence and even of decline in the construction of local communities, according to whether the priorities of the political regimes were centralizing or decentralizing. Although the 1843 Constitution attempted to establish local bodies, the vast majority of them followed suit. We had to wait until the 1987 Constitution to see the birth of three levels of decentralized communities with prerogatives and obligations to recognize he system of Haiti as a decentralized one. The state has become unitary and progressively decentralized. However, it was also necessary to put in question the reality of the functioning of the said communities because of their weaknesses, more specifically financial ones. The study of these decentralized administrations makes it possible to understand heir technical, administrative and financial competences in relation to the compensations of the State, which remain very inadequate and result in a weekly decentralized system
Garbe, Edouard. "La Chute de l'URSS et les transformations de la société russe à travers la littérature et la presse russes." Reims, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003REIML009.
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