Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Politique et gouvernement – Laos'
Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles
Consult the top 50 dissertations / theses for your research on the topic 'Politique et gouvernement – Laos.'
Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.
You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.
Browse dissertations / theses on a wide variety of disciplines and organise your bibliography correctly.
Phiphak, Khamphéo. "Le Laos : les enjeux politiques et les perspectives." Paris 8, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004PA082406.
Full textThis thesis contain research on the political evolution of Laos from 1953, the year of its independence, to 2004. The first phase of research describes the end of the monarchy on December 2, 1975. The second phase of the research highlights the development of the communist party rule from December 2, 1975 until present day. The lao monarchy was shaken and thus weakened. This was caused by the internal conflict between the three parties of Laos, which included the rightist, the neutralist and the leftist. The King, who has been the symbol of the national unity, was removed by the coup of December 2, 1975. After the lao monarchy was abolished, the Popular Democratic Republic of Laos was proclaimed in 1975. Laos enhanced its ties with Vietnam by signing a Special FriendshipTreaty Lao-Viet in 1977. The first Constitution’s promulgation of the PDRL was announced on August 15, 1991, and since then, its institutional system has been under the control of the central committee. Since 1997, Laos has been a full member of ASEAN organization. Taking into account the current situation of Laos, the best formula for Laos to promote Peace is to cooperate economically with its neighboring countries. A democratized government system might help Laos, putting emphasis on National Unity and urging the return of Lao diaspora
Mignot, Fabrice. "Santé et intégration nationale au Laos." Paris 4, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002PA040119.
Full textThe Thai Lao lords and the bouddhist monks have a cultural space emerged in the lowlands of the center of Indochina since the XIVth century, especially by spreading health conceptions and practices. French occupant, the kingdom of Laos and the communist regime have continued to develop this territory first by building modern health facilities along a national road parallel to the Mekong River. In 13 villages of 4 multiethnic sites settled along that road health resources and risks of diseases reveal the limits of the integration by the Nation-State of the highlanders relocated in the plains and the valleys. If any traditionnal health practices bring ethnic groups together, some deep factors of differentiation, as movements, water and malaria, lie
Pravongviengkham, Khamphanh. "Bouddhisme et société Lao du Nord." Paris, INALCO, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012INAL0021.
Full textThe aim of the present thesis "Buddhism and Society in northern Laos" is to examine the relations between religion and society which became established in the provinces of Northern Laos. The first part is devoted to the local Buddhism before the current system of government. The second part, the social Buddhism, describes the immersion of the Laotian society in the teaching of Buddha. The third part, analyze the evolutions of monk's roles after 1975, i. E. When they were confronted to a Marxist-Leninist government system
Evrard, Olivier. "Emergence de la question foncière et relations interethniques au Nord Laos : mobilités, rapports à la terre et organisation sociale dans quelques villages thai͏̈s et khmou' rook de la vallée de la Nam Tha." Paris 1, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001PA010579.
Full textClotté-Sygnavong, Marithone. "Souphanavong, le "Prince Rouge" : biographie de l'ancien président de la République Démocratique Populaire du Laos (1909-1995)." Paris, INALCO, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001INAL0007.
Full textBorn in 1909, Souphanavong was the son of vice-roy Luang Prabang. He studied in Hanoï and Paris where he was graduated as engineer. He returned to Indochina in 1937, worked in Nha Trung and married a Vietnamese. Since 1945, he fought to obtain power in Laos with the support of Ho Chi Minh and Vietnamese troops. He was thus called "the Red Prince". The general agreement of July 21st 1954 and July 23rd 1962 should have guaranteed the neutrality of Laos. But Souphanavong used them to introduce communism in his country. Souphanavong reached his aim in 1975 with the assistance of socialist coutries. After the fall of Phnom Penh and Saigon, Laos became communist. On December 2nd, Souphanavong acceded to the functions of president of the Republic. Then more than four hundred thousand Laotians took refuge abroad. Souphanavong resigned in 1986 and died in 1995. His life was closely linked with Laos history
Le, Vaillant Marivanh. "Biographie du prince Boun Oum na Champassak : une histoire laotienne (1910-1980)." Paris, INALCO, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998INAL0003.
Full textHeir to the Champassak House, after he renounced his rights over this Laotian area in 1946, Chao Boun Oum contributes to the constitution of an internationally recognized entity. As a personality that cannot be ignored in the local political world, he holds in the kingdom, being the third dignitary in the constitutional order, several high offices, such a chief inspector of the kingdom and Prime Minister. The character being constantly controversial, this PhD dissertation examines the validity of the accusations made to the Prince and evaluates their implications with a double approach : the emergence of a unified Laos after it freed from the Asian and European foreign dominations, and the crystallization on the Prince's personality, over a short time, of this one-century old mutation. In this study, Chao Boun Oum turns out to be in the middle of five approaches : an international approach of decolonization and cold war ; a regional approach when Laos is the object of wars of influence ; a Laotian approach that is, under the appearance of national unity, a conflict of interests between politically rival factions, enhanced by family antagonisms ; a local and familial approach when the Prince's House has difficulties to re-define its specificity compared to the Luang Pranbang House, the main beneficiary of the unity ; a personal approach heading a dynasty, Chao Boun Oum's traditional education had not prepared him to face the stakes of the world he lives in. While politics is, in Laos, a question of persons, he shows an undeniable absence of political sense. Undesirable amid the establishment because of his independence of mind and tone, the Prince seems to suffer from being cast out by the cast he rightfully belongs to
Tan, Danielle. "Du communisme au néolibéralisme : le rôle des réseaux chinois dans la transformation de l'Etat au Laos." Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011IEPP0078.
Full textWhile political analyses on Laos are rare, this thesis sheds light on how neoliberal globalization has transformed the practices and modes of exercising power in one of the last Communist regimes in the world. Although the country is generally considered a “weak state” par excellence, the main argument of the thesis is to overcome the recurring speech presenting Laos as a victim of globalization, of its powerful neighbors, and of China in particular. To defend this hypothesis, the research focused on Northern Laos, which has been crystallizing all the challenges the country faces, since the construction of the North-South Economic Corridor linking Kunming to Bangkok by crossing the northern provinces of Laos. This highway running through mountainous areas, poor and ethnically diverse, has become a crucial route of entry for companies and Chinese migrants who come to seize the economic opportunities offered by this under-populated country but rich in natural resources. Beyond the rhetoric of contemporary globalization, which has declared the retreat of the state, the analysis of this borderland illustrates the redeployment of the post-socialist state thanks to the acquisition of techniques, knowledge and procedures of the neoliberal rationality. In this context, transnational Chinese networks play a key role in the production of a “neoliberal governmentality from the margins” that allows the lowland state to reaffirm its hegemony over society
Le, Dinh Thong. "Les "relations spéciales" en Indochine." Paris 10, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994PA100081.
Full textSpecial links in Indochina require a pluridisciplinary approach. They concern many fields: international relations, constitutional law and polemology. From an historical point of view, it falls within the geographical and sociological areas as well. Retrospectively, the special relationship spreads in Vietnam and Indochina dorm north to south and not inversely. The thesis develops three parts: - special links through geography and history between Indochina states; - special links through politics; - special links through ideology. Survey is done about special links in Indochina after UN's intervention in Cambodia (1991-1993)
Landry-Desaulniers, Joany. "L'intégration socioéconomique des populations des régions montagneuses au sud du Laos : le cas de la province de Champassak : 1981-2015." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/32687.
Full textDuring the past 35 years, like other countries in Southeast Asia, the Lao People’s Democratic Republic went through major changes, especially as the Pathet Lao took control over the country, becoming the official Government. Many steps were taken by the new government to build the Lao nation, such as the ‘collectivization’ program. In 1986, after the failure of previous measures, the Communist Party implemented free-market reforms in a way to increase economic growth. This was done by encouraging foreign investment and the country’s economic development. Over the last three decades, Lao citizens had to adapt to these changes; especially in mountainous areas, where agrarian changes occurred. Among them, cash crops, monocropping and plantations have modified the landscape and the socioeconomic geography of the territory. From these findings, questions emerge, such as: Who is motivating socioeconomic and territorial integration of mountainous and marginal regions to different levels? What are the goals pursued by the actors of the socioeconomic and territorial integration and which strategies are adopted? What are the factors that contribute to various paces in the rhythm of adaptation? Where do people acquire their knowledge to adapt to the changes generated by integration policies and strategies? A better understanding of the process underlying the socioeconomic regional integration of the country into the global market, from 1981 to 2015, is the general objective of this research. Based on a case study of Bachieng Chaleunsouk and Pathoumphone districts, located at the margins of the Bolaven Plateau, in Champasak region, this research demonstrates how development generates new dynamics between the people, the state and the market.
Slipak, Daniela. "Las palabras y las armas : identidad, tradición y violencia en las publicaciones de la izquierda peronista (1966-1976)." Paris, EHESS, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013EHES0078.
Full textThis thesis focuses on Montoneros organizationr It studies the identitarian logic deployed in the magazines that this organization published until 1976, El Descamisado (from May 1973 to April 1974), El Peronista lucha por la liberación (from April to May 1974), La Causa Peronista (from July to September 1974) and the initial numbers of Evita Montonera (from December 1974 to March 1976). Likewise, the thesis studies as precedent Cristianismo y Revolución (edited from September 1966 to September 1971 ), and it analyzes the publications related to the most important organization dissents, Puro Pueblo (published by the Columna Jose Sabino Navarro from July to September 1974), and Movimiento para la liberación y la reconstrucción nacional (edited by the Juventud Peronista Lealtad from June to September 1974). Unlike other approaches which underestimate the relevance of symbolic inscriptions, this thesis gives them a decisive importance. It investigates the publications with certain key problems of political theory: the origins and the conformation of an historical statement, the enemies’ exclusion, the representation of a common area, and the institution of a law for the conducts. Even though there are many authors who explore these questions, Hannah Arendt's retlections will be specially evoked on the violence and the authority, as well as Claude Leforfs disquisitions on the incorporation of the people, the "egócrata", and the law
Joubert, Mathieu. "Les racines historiques locales du droit constitutionnel : naissance et essor des règles successorales dans les principautés impériales et françaises sous l’Ancien Régime." Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019LORR0180.
Full textThe kingdom of France and the Holy Roman Empire are similarly composed of many provinces, headed by administrators originally placed to oversee governance and relay policies from the central power. However, the rules regulating the transmission of administrative responsibilities granted by the sovereign leader evolve in a disparate manner. He conserves the control of the transmission of certain responsibilities, mostly concerning neighbouring fiefdoms, notably by the intermediary of the investiture. At the same time, the control of task devolution escapes him, progressively characterized by inheritance, and thus the rules regulating the transmission appear to be equally heterogeneous. The provinces begin consequently to adopt their own constitutional law, different from the entity on which they depend, in the shape of their own fundamental laws responsible in governing the devolution of power. Even though they are autonomous, these laws can remain subject to the influence of a central power and remain inspired by the fundamental laws which govern it or undergo a control on behalf of the sovereign but they can be composed of their own rules. The fundamental laws of the provinces that constitute the border separating the major kingdoms are also susceptible to endure a bilateral influence
Schuliaquer, Ivan. "La negociación de las escenas mediáticas. Los gobiernos de izquierda y los grandes grupos mediáticos nacionales en América del Sur. Los casos de Argentina (2003- 2015) y Uruguay (2005-2015)." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018USPCA032.
Full textThis dissertation examines variations and continuities in the negotiation of media scenes between South America leftist governments and the large national media groups at the start of the 21st century through two main cases. First, the initial two presidencies of the Frente Amplio in Uruguay (those of Tabaré Vázquez (2005-2010) and José Mujica (2010-2015)). Second, the Kirchnerist presidencies in Argentina (that of Néstor Kirchner (2003-2007) and the two of Cristina Fernández (2007-2015)). In the conclusion, it compares them with a third case: that of the first two governments of Evo Morales in Bolivia (2006-2015).The theoretical-methodological approach consists of three dimensions. The first characterizes the national media systems, divided in two levels. One, the structure of the political field: the relative weight of the State over the media and the centrality of party mediation. Two, the structure of the media field: the configuration of the main media companies, as well as the dominant culture of political journalism. The second dimension is political communication, explored through the governments’ media strategies and the scenes of large national media groups on national politics. The third dimension focuses on communication policies, analyzing them through the governments’ reforms and interventions in the media sector, and the political and commercial strategies of the large national media groups.In contexts characterized by a public confrontation between political and media elites, this thesis shows that the negotiation of media scenes was strongly conditioned by the correlation of forces between the actors, their ideology and their repertoires of action in each country
Esta tesis estudia las variaciones y continuidades en la negociación de las escenas mediáticas entre los gobiernos de izquierda sudamericanos y los grandes grupos mediáticos nacionales a principios del siglo XXI. Para hacerlo se focaliza en dos casos principales. Por un lado, en las dos primeras presidencias del Frente Amplio en Uruguay: las de Tabaré Vázquez (2005-2010) y José Mujica (2010-2015). Por otro lado, en las presidencias del kirchnerismo en la Argentina: la de Néstor Kirchner (2003-2007) y las dos de Cristina Fernández (2007-2015). En las conclusiones, los compara con un tercer caso: el de los primeros dos gobiernos de Evo Morales en Bolivia (2006-2015).El abordaje teórico-metodológico consta de tres dimensiones. La primera caracteriza los sistemas mediáticos nacionales y se divide en dos planos. Uno, la estructuración del campo político: el peso relativo del Estado sobre los medios y la centralidad de la mediación partidaria. Dos, la estructuración del campo mediático: la configuración de las principales empresas mediáticas, la estabilidad histórica de su línea editorial y de su propiedad, así como las culturas dominantes del periodismo político. La segunda dimensión es la comunicación política, a la que se indaga a través de las estrategias de aparición mediática de los gobiernos y de las escenas de los grandes grupos mediáticos nacionales sobre la política nacional. La tercera dimensión se detiene en las políticas de comunicación. Se las analiza a partir de la interacción entre las acciones de reforma e intervención de los gobiernos sobre el sector mediático y de las estrategias políticas y comerciales de los grandes grupos mediáticos nacionales.En contextos caracterizados por un enfrentamiento público entre élites políticas y élites mediáticas, esta tesis demuestra que la negociación de las escenas mediáticas estuvo fuertemente condicionada por la ideología de los actores, pero también por la correlación de fuerzas entre ellos y sus repertorios de acción en cada país
Ferrebeuf, Florian. ""Au pays des sombres forêts et des lacs cristallins" : le district de Königsberg en Prusse-Orientale : aspects d'histoire économique, sociale et politique (1850-1914)." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016STRAG024/document.
Full textThe district of Königsberg is an atypical territory in the heart of Prussia. Although its economic and social structures are still largely traditional, with a strong power held by the great noble or bourgeois landowners and the clergy, economic innovations can be seen, notably at agricultural level. These remain nonetheless almost exclusively in the hands of the large landed property, when the small and middle peasantry remain in often manifest destitution. At social level, peasants are largely under the control of local lords. Over time, however, they succeed in becoming an important pawn in the local political life, becoming the objective allies of the conservative great landowners in exchange for marginal but real benefits which allow them to slightly increase their living standards. The ethnic minorities and the socialists also play an important role in East Prussia. Finally, the role played by the province’s capital, Königsberg, is very important at all levels
Plauchut, Agathe. "Évolutions des tactiques rebelles et de leurs conséquences humanitaires dans les Grands lacs d'Afrique entre 1981 et 2013." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016AIXM1075.
Full textThis work seeks to understand how the causes of chronic insecurity in the Great Lakes region are both rational and interdependent, despite widespread simplistic explanations (ethnic determinism, endogenous violence, greed, etc.). We intend to identify these causes to better understand the mechanisms behind the recurring conflicts that shook the region in the period under study. In doing this, we gain greater understanding of contemporary insurrectionary practices and the evolutions of guerrilla tactics in Africa through their expression in rebel movements in the Great Lakes between 1981 and 2013
Soysouvanh, Boualinh. "Richesse patrimoniale et culturelle de Champassak, moteur du développement économique de la ville de Paksé." Perpignan, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PERP0771.
Full textPakse is the capital of Champassak, a rich province of a historical and cultural inheritance; it is the administrative center and the first southern city of Laos. It starts its revolution, after that of Louang Phrabang and Vientiane in the Thirties; it is the second secondary town after Savannakhet. It is located at the confluence of Sedone and Mekong at 100m altitude in the medium of a horizontal plain with slightly undulated. Pakse with its Champassak province represent a unit authentic, proud of its history and faithful to its traditions, which knew to change without losing its soul nor its charm, in an always welcoming City. The assets of Champassak are real but with double edge. A prospect only productivist and based on seeking for the profit, is likely to destroy these assets and to generate many social problems. Taking into account its cultural situation, starting from its pre-colonial, and colonial history, of the physical and real situation of Mekong river, the study wants to show that the patrimonial, cultural and landscape richness of the province of Champassak can become the engine of the economic development of Pakse city. And once that we will have shown this possibility, we will propose methods of the technical and legal actions formalized for the action plan, which aims to stimulate agriculture, tourism and the economic activities by using the technique of the sustainable development
Payre, Renaud. "Ordre politique et gouvernement urbain." Habilitation à diriger des recherches, Université Lumière - Lyon II, 2008. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00286432.
Full textCe mémoire livre une telle discussion en s'appuyant sur des travaux empiriques menés sur la réforme municipale dans le premier vingtième siècle, la circulation des savoirs administratifs, la structuration des réseaux de villes et enfin les liens entre temporalité de l'action publique et temporalité de l'élection. Ces travaux conduisent tous à une discussion du modèle centre-périphérie. Les rapports centre-périphérie sont mis en question à la lumière non seulement de l'émergence d'un gouvernement des villes, mais aussi de la capacité de certains acteurs publics, des leaders, à agir et à peser sur les institutions.
Kengoum, Célestin. "La grande guerre africaine." Grenoble, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010GREND011.
Full textSisoulath, Bounleuam. "Vientiane, stratégies de développement urbain : processus et acteurs de l'urbanisation dans la capitale de la République Démocratique Populaire Lao." Paris 10, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003PA100024.
Full textLandry, Vincent. "Écotourisme, environnement et stratégies d'acteurs au Laos : l'écogouvernance dans le corridor économique Nord-Sud." Thesis, Université Laval, 2010. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2010/26908/26908.pdf.
Full textSisouphanthong, Bounthavy. "Transition et développement : le cas de l'économie Lao : apport de la modélisation macroéconomique." Paris 13, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA131001.
Full textThe Democratic Popular Republic of Lao, classified in the less advanced countries, has a complex historical inheritance. It has adopted the socialism to develop its economy in harmony with its geographical position and social structure. Since the 1980s, the country has launched reforms towards a market oriented economy. These reforms, like those undertaken in Eastern Europe, are regarded as a transition process. In the past the country was controlling its economic reforms but is now more submitted to international advises given by the international Monetary Found and the World Bank in relation with financial supports. Macroeconomic models are used to justify these advises but often give mitigated results because they don’t integrate correctly the historical and social dimension of the country. The aim of the thesis is to develop macroeconomic modelling in order to analyse the economic policy advises and evaluate market mechanisms’ performances. The results give a better understanding of the debate about economic development and options for 2020. Progress have been obtained regarding macroeconomic modelling of the country
Manzano-Guerrero, Orlando. "El desafio independentista de las élites nacionalistas catalanas : Analisis de un proceso inconcluso (2012-2017)." Thesis, Montpellier 3, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019MON30015.
Full textAfter dominating the region’s political landscape almost without interruption since the establishment of democracy in Spain and having played an important role in the political stability and governability of the country ever since, the Catalan nationalist elites affiliated with Convergència i Unió, a coalition of conservative parties, opted for a fundamental change of course in their political agenda, by promoting and undertaking – while still in power at regional level – what is commonly referred to as the Catalan independence process. It was a broad-based political and social protest movement aimed at allowing the Catalans to decide their collective future in a referendum. In parallel, various other measures were taken to pave the way for the potential creation of an independent Catalan state. Although the challenge laid down by the Catalan nationalist elites was effectively stopped towards the end of the year 2017, the significant problems that led to the current crisis have not been resolved. The independence project has still widespread political and public support in Catalonia. Finally, it is impossible to affirm that similar attempts to break away from Spain will not follow in the near future. That is why the independence challenge needs to be addressed – from our point of view – as an unfinished process. This research study focuses essentially in the analysis of the events that took place during the period between 2012 and 2017 and its main purpose is to highlight some important points to which the few existing studies on the subject do not provide yet complete responses
Keorodom, Bounpong. "Statut, rôle et image de la langue francaise au Laos." Rouen, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000ROUEL367.
Full textAkinnuroju, Adegoke. "Syndicalisme et modernisation politique au Nigéria." Paris 10, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993PA100045.
Full textThe development of working class labour movement in Nigeria since 1930 has been characterized by trade union autonomy. This characteristic results from the economic, social and political environment in which trade unionism itself grew. It is also the outcome of the processor state construction among Nigerian different communities. In 1954, during the process of power transfer to the new political elite, trade unionism critically opposed the creation of a federal form of government in the country. Its leaders were conscious of the effects of regionalized administrative machinery on labour movement particularly salary and wage disparities among the working class, and collective mobilization of professional workers at national level to defend common objectives. In effet, they demanded a unitary state marked by centralized political institutions and enlarged power at the centre. After independence, in 1960, Nigerian labour leaders exercised pressure on the political class and obtained concessions such as national minimum wage and May Day public holiday. However, their influence on the political system has always been limited by institutional and economic obstacles
Hénon, Jacques-Olivier. "La philosophie politique du federalisme et l'etat." Lille 2, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998LIL20009.
Full textThe political philosophy of federalism and the state is a demonstration of the antinomy of the two notions of "state" and "federalism". There are traditionnaly two conceptions of the idea of federalism: the first pertains to history and evolution of the united states of america, or madison's federalism, the second is about the philosophy of p. -j. Proudhon, from which the integral federalism is an echo today. Madison's federalism has to find a conciliation beetween the form of the state and liberty, with the liberty of his elements. The proudhon's federalism want to find a political organisation without a state. The two conceptions are mixed in this idea of liberty. The object of this work is to find a critical conception of federalism idea based on commons elements of the differents theory of federalism. The first part is articulated in three ideas for a presentation of a critical conception of federalism: individual, contract and liberty. The presentation of those three concepts emphasizes the antinomy of state and federalism. But the etablished fact of this theorical contradiction is not a purpose in him-self. The federal state exist and can be analysed, with the critical theory, like a resurgence of federalism idea better than one of his demonstration. The purpose of the second part is to search for a federal model compatible with our critical federalism's theory. The word "federation" can be defined and used in this sens. It is a juridical construction beetween federal state and confederation. A critical presentation of this idea is done and historicals demontrations are researched. Thus, we hope to have succeeded in elaborating a schema of the european community
Ngwe, Luc. "La question politique de l'indépendance : contribution à la définition d'un cadre d'analyse pour l'étude de la construction sociale de l'état au Cameroun." Paris 10, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999PA100102.
Full textDerrouich, Hamid. "Changement politique et politique étrangère : essai sur la continuité et la discontinuité de la politique étrangère marocaine." Clermont-Ferrand 1, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009CLF10339.
Full textOndo, Télesphore. "La responsabilité introuvable du Chef d'Etat africain : analyse comparée de la contestation du pouvoir présidentiel en Afrique noire francophone (exemples camerounais, gabonais, tchadiens et togolais)." Reims, 2005. http://theses.univ-reims.fr/exl-doc/GED00000265.pdf.
Full textThere is no power without accountability. This combination, inherent in democratic constitutionalism, seems unachievable in some States in Africa notably Cameroon, Gabon, Chad and Togo, where the presidentialism left his mark. In fact, the majesty and the supremacy of the presidency and, consequently, the control of the constituent, legislative and electoral process by the Head of State, represent some insurmountable obstacles to organize an efficient system of his accountability. The consequence of this situation is the swing of the political systems in Africa to substitutive, formal and informal, chaotic and peaceful, national and international, political and criminal procedures. Those aim either, to destitute the supreme leader or, to control, limit and share his power. But in practice, the effectiveness of those mechanisms of protest is very low. The essential condition to establish a constitutional democracy in black Africa is to find a peaceful solution to the unaccountability of the main ruling leader
Tofeiliyah, Ahmad. "Les partis politiques et leur rôle dans les pays du Proche-Orient : Irak, Jordanie, Liban, Syrie." Montpellier 1, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987MON10036.
Full textThese thesis studies the origin and evolution of the political parties in the middle east. It gives a short description of the political organizations in these countries since the beginning of islam, through the different stages of the ottoman domination. Then the various elements which inside and outside middle east have helped the rise of arabic consciousness are studied, specially the parties and associations which appeared and grew during the nineteenth century. Later the parties have had their part in the struggle for independance against the ottoman empire. During the time these territories were mandated, the political parties broke up. Their evolution and their part in the political life are described at that time, after independance to our days. A part of these thesis is dedicated to the different ideologies and the systems of the parties. It presents also the dominating parties in iraq and syria. Then it tries ti analyse multipartism in lebanon and reasons which prevent non-religious parties from really playing their part in this country. Finaly we describe the illegal parties in jordan
Matala-Tala, Léonard. "Esquisse de l'Europe politique." Nancy 2, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997NAN20014.
Full textThe European integration is one of the major challenges Europe has ever faced. A draught of a political union is here undertaken as a distinctive policy response for the expected requirements. Within that framework, various aspects of the integration process are analysed: the extent of the EU's competence, its relationship with its member states and its citizens, as well as its own identity and external personality. In the background, the consequences for nation states of the internationalization of policy issues and growing mutual dependence of the states with a tendency towards a decay of their sovereignty. This context affects also the EU: the deficit in political legitimacy tends to increase, hereby threatening to ruin the whole process. The Europe-to-be-built must seriously consider citizen participation in decision-making, thus enhancing the so-long neglected human dimension. The views of the members of the European parliament were taken as a basis for this political draught. For the deputies not only represent the European nation, but they also defend its major philosophical concepts. The universal franchise grants them to weigh on the democratisation of the integration process. In order to put this political union in concrete form, we shall broach its jurisdiction, material and especially human competence. However, some reforms must be first undertaken before Europe becomes political, supranational, federal and democratic. This draught is deliberately positioned beyond any widening or other transitory phases. Indeed, once achieved, the political union is meant to be an actor on the international scene, being part of a shifting system. Hence, a new international society is shaping up; it would be composed by supranational bodies
Tawfik, Omar Sohir. "L'évolution politique en Égypte et ses effets sur la politique économique." Montpellier 1, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988MON10031.
Full textThe predominant factor in the process of development in egypt is the political factor as much internal as external. All along its history, the state of egypt has developed different economic systems, quite original, whether it was the egypt during the time of m. Ali, of his successor or independant egypt during the time of nasser, and then sadat. Each of these systems has been induced by political changes, which have intodu-ced new strategies modifing the economic structures
Razaranaina, Jean-Claude. "La démocratie politique à Madagascar." Nantes, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004NANT4002.
Full textThe subject of this research is political democracy in Madagascar. In the first part, democracy is conceived as a way to govern and a science to the power as its original meaning and as demonstrated in the works of the researchers. In this part then, democracy follows the legal principles. The second part analyses the process of democracy enforcement in Madagascar and the problems relevant frequently to political events : that's to conquer power in denying law. In this way, political phenomena lead to legal facts. Gaps from legal loophole are noticed there. At the end, we observe a political liberal democracy that wants an improvement of the scope of the law and the participation of the people throughout the "Fokonolona" in Madagascar
Crozon, Ariel. "Zanzibar en Tanzanie : essai d'histoire politique." Pau, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992PAUU2023.
Full text"In april 1964, the republic of Tanganyika and the republic of Zanzibar unite together to form the united republic of Tanzania. My study is about the position and the role of Zanzibar within the united republic of Tanzania. I emphasized the insular perception of the united republic which deeply transforms the political environment of the islands by integrating them into a larger structure where they are marginalized. Two governments exist together, one exercise an exclusive jurisdiction limited to Zanzibar, the other the central government controls the whole country, except the domains specific to the Zanzibar government. This work shows the political history of the united republic from 164 until now, and determines the nature of the problems encountered during this period, whether they are practical dysfunctions or more symbolic obstacles due to political and cultural approaches of the united republic. Organized my work around two themes : the political structure gives Zanzibar a specific status, i studied the influence of this status on the internal politics, as well as its influence on the national politics of the whole country. The other side is to show the different aspects of the united republic subjective representation of the politics and power on the islands, whether it changes the way the islands are perceived by the rest of the republic, and whether the insular participation in the national institutions makes a difference for the islands. "
Bignoumba, Moundemba Étienne. "Le système politique gabonais." Bordeaux 1, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992BOR1A001.
Full textItsouhou, Mbadinga. "Choix de système politique et activités économiques en Afrique subsaharienne : l'expérience socialiste du Bénin et du Congo." Paris 2, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993PA020044.
Full textFor political reasons, dahomey and congo opt in sixteen and seventeen years, for socialism and soviet way of live and social organisation. Planning and public firms become the main way of economic actions. After almost thirty years,for congo, and twenty for benin, this socialist way have not given any benefit. Public debt is the worst consequence that has been noted. Certainely, miscarriage of planning is a failure for the socialist global model in southern saharian africa. Inefficiency of public firms, bad quality of economic informations and the absence of economic modeling are the main problems that have been encoutered
Olivier, Ducourtieux. "Du riz et des arbres – L'élimination de l'agriculture d'abattis-brûlis, une constante politique au Laos." Phd thesis, Institut national agronomique paris-grignon - INA P-G, 2006. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00409644.
Full textL'étude du système agraire de Phongsaly, petite région du Nord Laos, a permis d'appréhender la diversité et la rationalité des pratiques paysannes d'abattis-brûlis, qui se sont différenciées au cours de l'histoire récente du fait d'une intervention croissante de l'Etat. Les résultats locaux sont cohérents avec la revue de la bibliographie existante : la plupart des critiques de ce système de production s'avèrent infondées. Quand elles participent à la déforestation, ce qui n'est pas systématique, les agricultures d'abattis-brûlis en rotation n'y jouent qu'un rôle limité ; l'exploitation forestière et les agricultures pionnières en sont les principales causes. La complexité et la logique des systèmes agraires d'abattis-brûlis sont classiquement méconnues par les groupes sociaux tiers. Les pratiques des essarteurs, généralement des montagnards et de minorités ethniques, sont évaluées par des habitants des plaines en fonction de leurs préoccupations et des utilités qu'ils assignent à la forêt et la montagne. Les scientifiques n'apportent que rarement un éclairage rigoureux et objectif dans ces débats au sein desquels abondent trop souvent les lieux communs. L'agriculture paysanne contribuant souvent positivement à la gestion de l'environnement, il convient de la revaloriser. Les politiques agricoles devraient donc prendre en compte les savoirs et l'expérience des paysans pour la gestion durable des ressources naturelles. L'unique possibilité pertinente est l'association des paysans à l'élaboration et la mise en œuvre des interventions publiques.
Ducourtieux, Olivier. "Du riz et des arbres : L'élimination de l'agriculture d'abattis-brûlis, une constante politique au Laos." Phd thesis, INAPG (AgroParisTech), 2006. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00001617.
Full textFrançois, Bernard. "Le modèle kémaliste : une réponse opérationnelle à l'échec relatif du développement en Afrique subsaharienne? Application au Burkina Faso." Paris, INALCO, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999INAL0010.
Full textSub-Saharan Africa could take advantage for its own economical development, of the analysis of the "Kemalist model" which had proved its efficiency in the transformation of an under developped Ottoman empire. The analysis of structural revolutions and Kemalist model deviations could be full of lessons for an Africa which faces from 30 years, a "classical" relative development failure. These lessons could be adaptable to Sub-Saharan Africa and would they welcome ? The political, economical and socio-cultural "black and grey" assessment of Sub-Saharan Africa situation is presented in the first part with a recall of the bilateral and multilateral relationships with its "natural" north, Europe. We examine in a second part the Kemalist models birth and growth, from its beginning to its present interpretation. We answer in the third part, to the following question : could this Kemalist model" be applicable in a Sub-Saharan country as Burkina Faso, which developed an original and revolutionary way near the Kemalist's one ? The post Kemalist Turkey, facing the unsuccessful "classical" development theories from ages and the potential risks of Islamic fundamentalism, could appear as a partner thanks to various socio-cultural and behavioural similarities. It is time to initiate a new partnership between the African and the Turkish world which both actually construct themselves now
Contreras, Osorio Rodrigo. "Le renversement de la politique : pouvoir politique, démocratie libérale et néo-conservatisme au Chili." Paris, EHESS, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005EHES0043.
Full textIn this thesis we try to make a critical study of free market democracy in Latin America using the example of Chile. In order to accomplish this we develp three independent theses. The first one is that the stability and legitimacy of a free market democratic system depend on the possibilities and real conditions and objectives available to the citizens to establish horizontal and equal relational exchanges because it is these that ensure the effective autonomy of people and real equality of rights. Subsequently, we affirm that in Chile as well as in the rest of Latin AMerica, free market democracy exists in a context marked out by an ensemble of limitations and contradictions that affect its stability and legitimacy. Thus, our second thesis is that these limitations and contradictions arise from the way which power is exercised and distributed in each of our countries, given that the degree of economic, political and social democratisation depends on this, as do all the possibilities of distribution of wealth and all advantages that a society can offer to its members. This leads us to our third thesis : the distribution and exercise of power in our societies, and especially in the case of Chile, are the result of a free market social order defined from an authoritarian interpretation of a free market doctrine; an interpretation that is not accidental, but, on the contrary, obeyx the historic transformation of authoritarianism that is connected to the sensibility and the neo-conservative ideological attachment, characteristic of the dominant group in Chile
Loiola, de Menezes Costa Marilde. "Gouvernement et scientifiques dans le processus d'institutionnalisation de la politique scientifique et technologique au Brésil." Paris, EHESS, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995EHES0020.
Full textThe purpose of this dissertation is to analyse the institutionalization of science policy in brazil. The study attempts to underscore the three key moments of the process during which brazilian sciences policy emerged : first, 1973 - 1984, the period when the earliest government programmes for the development of science at the national level were implemented; second, 1985 - 1988, when the ministry for science and technology was created; 1988 - 1989, when the theme of " science, technology and state" was introduced into the new brazilian constitution. The analysis that form part of this study indicate that the emergency of a science policy in brazil has att all times been associated with the interaction created between scientists and government. Such interaction allows both for a discussion on the organization and development of science as well as a political debate on the democratization of the state
Larbi, Hayat. "La transition démocratique en Algérie et en Espagne : étude comparée." Paris 8, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006PA083288.
Full textAmong all Arab countries. , Algeria experienced between 1989 and 1991 a democratic regime in its out most franc and agitated form. However, the democratisation process declined severely after the victory of the Islamic front ”FIS” during the first municipal election in June 1990. The chief of state at the time, Chadli Bendjedid, was forced to resigned after the party’s second victory during the first round of the legislative elections. Why has the democratisation tentative failed in Algeria while it succeeded in Spain? Are the problem of a cultural, sociological or political nature? The analysis of the Spanish model will help shedding the light on how can a dictatorship be altered smoothly into a democratic regime, at the initiatives of the state reformist. An initiative similar to the one attempted by the Algerian president Chadli Bendjedid, and overruled by the FLN party in the Algerian case
Herdam, Ayaal. "Pouvoir central et pouvoirs régionaux en Russie : le cas de la République Sakha (Iakoutie)." Bordeaux 4, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998BOR40043.
Full textThis study analyses the relations between the russian government and the sakha republic (yakutia), the largest of the 89 territories which make up the russian federation. Since the disappearance of the soviet union, the relationship has altered. Leaders of the sakha republic now have a say in important decisions concerning their territory, e. G. Supervision of the extraction and use of natural resources, development policies, ethnic and demographic affairs and the culture of indigenous groups. The level of participation varies according to the matter in hand and is the result of negotiation between leaders of the sakha republic and the federal government. Up to 1995 yakut leaders have obtained the transfer of certain powers which promote the development of the autonomy of this territory. Despite conflicting views in the relations between moscow and yakutsk and despite an increase in sakha nationalism, tolerated by the central government, it is unlikely that the political elite of the sakha republic will endorse the idea of full separation from russia
Lafargue, Jérôme. "Mobilisations collectives, democratisation et systeme d'action protestataire. Analyse comparee des exemples kenyan et zambien." Pau, 1996. https://halshs.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01263148.
Full textThe bare institutional analysis of the african democratic renewak doesn't seem to be satisfactory any more. It is useful to study the numerous political expressions that outshine the institutional pattern. The study of the collective action s directed against the power allows the highlighting of this postulate in kenya and zambia, whose interest is that they have known similar political trajectories. So, two objective were pursued : first, in a conceptual viewpoint, we wanted to overwhelm the classical collective action theories by searching a protest action system; secondly, we wanted to unveil and may be to fill some gaps (the collective action theories haven't been used to study the democratization processes). The building of the protest action system proved to be possible and the pursueing of the second objective allowed the beginning of a double rehabilitation : the rehabilitation of the multidimensionality in the conceptual approach; the rehabilitation of not only the african actor but also the african space as the object of a research
Katumanga, Musambayi Chrisanthus. "Leadership, organisation et prise du pouvoir : les causes du succès des mouvements de résistance en Ouganda et au Rwanda (1981-2000)." Pau, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002PAUU2009.
Full textRamadan, El Sheikh Esmat Abd Alla. "Représentation et démocratie dans le système politique égyptien." Toulouse 1, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994TOU10028.
Full textOur aim is to point out the obstacles that hinder the emergence of a perfectly democratic political representation by examining the texts, the facts and the actual political life. We first examing the question the electoral system, the only staisfactory way of designation the representatives of people. We then examine the sociological factors that have either a direct influence (political parties) or an indirect one (socio-economic environment) on choice of the voters. We also examine the representative bodies whose function is to mediate for the which of the citizens, in fact, the Egyptian political representation is on the way of democracy, or is semi-democratic. If the democratic institutions exists, they have to function in the effective way, in order to reach a real democracy
Tourret, Paul. "Wallonie-Romandie : analyse géopolitique comparée, interrogations nationales et affirmations régionales des francophones de Belgique et de Suisse." Paris 8, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999PA081552.
Full textMaillard, Jacques de. "La politique de la ville : une institutionnalisation inachevée : institutions, réseaux et apprentissages." Bordeaux 4, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000BOR40034.
Full textGuillot, Félicitas. "La pacification des sociétés divisées, un apport des sociétés belge, neerlandaise et luxembourgeoise à l'Union européenne." Nice, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000NICE0061.
Full textSince the Middle Ages, national particularities have remained important in the Netherlands, which also included during that period the territories of Belgium and Luxemburg. These particularities, such as tolerance and a culture of compromise, were instituted by the "General States". The function of this institution was founded on consensus and continues today. Even when the Netherlands, Belgium and Luxemburg became sovereign states, consensus dominated political life. This continuity could be linked to the strong will of the "small" states to maintain their sovereignty, which was acquired with difficulty, by stabilization of democracy. Democratic stability may avoid to attempt powerful neighbours. .
Mandjouhou, Yolla Eustache. "Neo-patrimonialisme, pouvoir personnel et politique étrangère au Gabon." Bordeaux 4, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002BOR40002.
Full textLibreville as become an important diplomatic center in Africa. Because of is longevity in power and of is intervention in favor of peace in various mediation, Omar Bongo as become the african wiseman, the Félix Houphoue͏̈t-Boigny heir's. Keeping in mind the institutional model, and after a historical roundabout way, its appears that presidential institution is central in decision-making and foreign polyguidance in Gabon. Abundant case of parallel diplomacy to the detriment of Foreign affairs ministery is an additional evidence of his last one's preeminence uppon other institutional actors. .
Rousseau, Isabelle. "Transformations politiques et économiques au Mexique, 1970-1995 : les élites gouvernementales, leurs stratégies et le rôle du secrétariat d'Etat au plan et au budget." Paris, EHESS, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996EHES0089.
Full textTo solve the problems the mexican political system was beginning to experiment at the end of the sixties, various groups from the governmental elites had been developping strategies to gain central positions in order to define new mechanisms adapted to the necessities of growth and modernization. Some projects failed ; anothers seemed to be successful. Nevertheless, failures or sucesses are never definitive. How is it possible to change the revolutionnary legacy in a country which society is baxed on a great nationalism and clientelism and which political system is so strongly institutionalized ? this is our main question. An organizational sociology approach a prosopographical study, a very large bibliographical research and multiple interviews in the upper circles of the federal administration enlight the conditions the group of the planification and budget state secretary had been able to conceive and developp a project to change the revolutionary legacy in the country. The important crisis encountered by this project from 1994 invite us to think about the nature and the degree of the resistance (agents, mechanisms. . . ) this little group has been unable to evaluate
Kalthoum, Faical. "Comparaison entre les pouvoirs et l'organisation du [sic] parlement syrien et algérien." Montpellier 1, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987MON10034.
Full textAs in other countries both syria and algeria have parliaments respectively named the syrian popular national council and the algerian national popular assembly. Beginning the day after independence, these two parliaments makes laws and ensures political representation and parliamentary control while maintaining their various strengths. However, major differences exists between both institutions despite their references as being popular democracies and having their own similiarities and uniquenesses. The most important difference, for example, is the fact that syria maintains a conditional multiparty system whereas algeria maintains a single party system. The primary objective of this thesis is to demonstrate the consequences of the composition, the structure, and the activities of each parliaments while underlining their similarities and differences