Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Politique et gouvernement – Madagascar – Histoire'
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Razafimbelo-Harisoa, Marie Solange. "La radiodiffusion à Madagascar : Perspective historique et usages sociaux." Paris 2, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA020098.
Full textRandriamampionona, Hubert. "Les aspects judiciaires de la rébellion de 1947 à Madagascar." Lyon 3, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007LYO33041.
Full textThe year 1947 marked the end of hope for the emancipation of the people of Madagascar, born in November 1945 with the election of the doctors Ravoahangy and Raseta at the first Constituent on the basis of slogans advocating a total and immediate independance of Madagascar. Indeed, if they changed their original request by referring to the concept of a blur free state within the French Union, the radical elements working in the shadow of the Movement of Democratic Renovation Malagasy, party established in February 1946 to help those elected officials prepare many elections, took the opportunity to foment a rebellion which broke out during the night of march 29, 1947. The next day, the judicial repression fell on the MDRM designated as the chief executive officer of events by the colonial authorities. The intervention of the judiciary did not guarantee an impartial and independent justice. Since their installation, in the early twentieth century, in addition to the dominant presence of administrators within them, they were also a way of administration additional in the hands of colonial authorities. In addition, judicial reform initiated in 1946, in the French colonies overseas had only strengthened the administrative grip. Therefore, the role of the courts was reduced to a simple legalization of unjust repression inducted by the General Security Department and the provincial administrators. The discussions in the trial of parliamentarians and other leaders of MDRM, which took place from July to October 1948 before the Criminal Court of Antananarivo, which was designed to determine the truth about the origin of events did only demonstrate that the use of dubious methods in the premises of the General Security Deppent to obtain confessions so-called spontaneous. Despite these damning revelations, the public prosecutors finally got the inevitable court sentence of the leaders MDRM, using witnesses provided at the last minute, once again, by the General Security Department
Al, Dabaghy Camille. "La fabrique transnationale d'une échelle de gouvernement : la commune à Madagascar et à Diégo-Suarez sous la Troisième République (1993-2010)." Thesis, Paris, EHESS, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019EHES0183.
Full textDecentralization reforms, water management, household waste management, roads, markets, civil status, etc.: under the Third Republic, development aid focused on most of the policies or services that count in the process of rebuilding the municipal institution, introduced by the colonial administration at the end of the 19th century but abolished between 1973 and 1993. The survey focuses on this increasing and combined transnationalisation of decentralisation policy and municipal public action in the 1990s and 2000s. On the basis of archival and ethnographic materials, it re-establishes this process in the average time of the colonial government, examines its recent modalities and questions its effects on the dual level of the figure of the communal institution and the political capacity of the communes, as they appear in the centre, for all the communes, and in Diego Suarez, for a particular urban commune. The thesis first describes the work of aid production and public action at the increasingly numerous and fragmented interfaces between aid organisations and domestic administrations. It shows that aid has become part of the internal division of administrative and political work of government, that the struggles between Malagasy aid and public actors and the domestic struggles between Malagasy political and administrative actors for the control of public action have been established, that these struggles are regulated by a shared grammar of sovereign decision-making under the aid regime. The survey also shows that the repeated and multiplied play of aid has resulted in the pre-eminence gradually acquired in the reconstruction of the municipality, at both national and local level, by Malagasy political and administrative elites who cumulate, diachronically or symbolically, positions in aid and positions in public administrations. They are elites who embody, legitimize and defend the transnationalization of public action. Finally, it shows that the municipal councils of a city like Diego Suarez have been well engaged in strategies to build their capacity to act on aid dependency. But that, if the aid interventions have affected the figure of the communal institution, the very functioning of the municipal organization, it is without significantly increasing its political capacity. Nothing is truly institutionalized about the access of municipal actors to the resources that would allow them to decide and act accordingly
Razaranaina, Jean-Claude. "La démocratie politique à Madagascar." Nantes, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004NANT4002.
Full textThe subject of this research is political democracy in Madagascar. In the first part, democracy is conceived as a way to govern and a science to the power as its original meaning and as demonstrated in the works of the researchers. In this part then, democracy follows the legal principles. The second part analyses the process of democracy enforcement in Madagascar and the problems relevant frequently to political events : that's to conquer power in denying law. In this way, political phenomena lead to legal facts. Gaps from legal loophole are noticed there. At the end, we observe a political liberal democracy that wants an improvement of the scope of the law and the participation of the people throughout the "Fokonolona" in Madagascar
Razanadrakoto, Lucien. "Idéologie et politique dans la pensée malgache traditionnelle." Paris 4, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986PA040024.
Full textGalibert, Didier. "Les gens du pouvoir à Madagascar : État postcolonial, légitimités et territoire : 1956-2002." La Réunion, 2006. http://elgebar.univ-reunion.fr/login?url=http://thesesenligne.univ.run/06_10_DGallibe.pdf.
Full textThe thesis concerns the formation of Madagascar's political elite in the years between the promulgation of the loi-cadre of 1956 and the accession to power of Marc Ravalomanana in 2002. The text is divided into three parts : the first concerns the contours of the national political space as this has been constituted during the postcolonial period. The second concerns the use of memories of the past to compose a sense of a national political territory corresponding to the island of Madagascar. Part three examines the unequal concept of political rights as these have emerged from the past. Old concepts of ritual status have combined with other influences to produce differing conditions of citizenship. By means of the historical analysis of some leading political families, the ideological aspects of inequality are considered in a context notable more for the relatively short duration of political careers than for constitution of veritable political dynasties
Payre, Renaud. "Ordre politique et gouvernement urbain." Habilitation à diriger des recherches, Université Lumière - Lyon II, 2008. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00286432.
Full textCe mémoire livre une telle discussion en s'appuyant sur des travaux empiriques menés sur la réforme municipale dans le premier vingtième siècle, la circulation des savoirs administratifs, la structuration des réseaux de villes et enfin les liens entre temporalité de l'action publique et temporalité de l'élection. Ces travaux conduisent tous à une discussion du modèle centre-périphérie. Les rapports centre-périphérie sont mis en question à la lumière non seulement de l'émergence d'un gouvernement des villes, mais aussi de la capacité de certains acteurs publics, des leaders, à agir et à peser sur les institutions.
Martinez-Gros, Gabriel. "Histoire et politique dans l'Espagne musulmane des Xème-XIème siècles." Paris 1, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987PA010603.
Full textArabic spanish literature - though writings would be a more ac- curate term - sprung in the xth century as an attempt to give support to the umayyad caliphate. This literature well deserves to be labelled historical as its purpose was to cover a span of two centuries deprived of legitimacy, the umayyad dynasty having been driven away from the east by the abbasid upheaval. The umayyad propaganda unexpectedly insisted upon this defeat as the ordeal sent by god to mark out his chosen few. 1031 saw the fall of the caliphate and down with it came its ideology. From ibn hazm to ibn abdun, as the christians military threats were impending, history didn t seem to be reliable any longer; by the end of the xi th century, andalusian authors had almost lost interest in politics. With the almoravids in power, they came to discard any government as illegitimate. The muslim city would soon have to enforce a day to day social order, kept apart from the much de- cried political hierarchy and little concerned with the messianic promises of early islam
Crozon, Ariel. "Zanzibar en Tanzanie : essai d'histoire politique." Pau, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992PAUU2023.
Full text"In april 1964, the republic of Tanganyika and the republic of Zanzibar unite together to form the united republic of Tanzania. My study is about the position and the role of Zanzibar within the united republic of Tanzania. I emphasized the insular perception of the united republic which deeply transforms the political environment of the islands by integrating them into a larger structure where they are marginalized. Two governments exist together, one exercise an exclusive jurisdiction limited to Zanzibar, the other the central government controls the whole country, except the domains specific to the Zanzibar government. This work shows the political history of the united republic from 164 until now, and determines the nature of the problems encountered during this period, whether they are practical dysfunctions or more symbolic obstacles due to political and cultural approaches of the united republic. Organized my work around two themes : the political structure gives Zanzibar a specific status, i studied the influence of this status on the internal politics, as well as its influence on the national politics of the whole country. The other side is to show the different aspects of the united republic subjective representation of the politics and power on the islands, whether it changes the way the islands are perceived by the rest of the republic, and whether the insular participation in the national institutions makes a difference for the islands. "
Campan, Pierre-Dominique. "La Tunisie indépendante : histoire politique et formation du sentiment national des origines à l'indépendance." Paris 2, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996PA020238.
Full textYarangar, T. Célestin. "Existe-t-il un Etat tchadien?" Nice, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988NICE0008.
Full textMohsen, Chafic. "La cité orientale : unité politique et diversité religieuse : IVe au XXe siècle." Paris 2, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989PA020104.
Full textThe islamic unity still remains, nowadays, a myth. The failure is due to political factors (the resistance opposed until now by moslim-arabics states to all attempt of integration), but also to cultural factors : the linguistic cleavage between the arabic-world and a large fraction of the islamic-world and, particulary, the differences which oppose within the islamic community; chiites, sunnites and alaouites. However, the futur of the islamic-world will depend of the balance of power between these three forces, and of the relationship between islamic and the west. Therefore the cultural factor is at the heart of a debate whose issue could well be (because of the location of todays oil ressources) a new balance of world powers
Randriamaro, Jean-Roland. "Mainty, côtiers et luttes politiques à Madagascar : le PADESM (Parti des Déshérités de Madagascar), 1946-1956." Paris 7, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993PA070034.
Full textThis study concerns the Padesm, a political party which was one of the important figures of Malagasy's emancipation movement post second world war side to the MDRM, to the MSM, and to the PDM, usually presented as collaborators'party and against the independence, the Padesm, which was composed of Mainty, "black people", slaveries'descendants and kings'servitors, and coast men, constitued the main adversary of the MDRM in political rivalry, for colonial heritage appropriation. This work tries to analyse the fight's process in Madagascar for independence, by tempting to break with dualist and determinist approach of nationalist historiography, by insisting on the existence of a dialectic between the Padesm and the MDRM. It tries to restore the ambiguities of this period: on the relationships between parties and government, between parties, administration and farmers, administration and indigenous, etc. Finally this research is a contribution to the study of Malagasy's identity, specially Mainty's case, more particularly their relationships with the other social groups, as coast men and fotsy, "white men", in other words the hova and the andriana, free and noble people
Batardy, Christophe. "Le programme commun de gouvernement : pour une histoire programmatique du politique (1972-1977)." Thesis, Nantes, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016NANT2018.
Full textOn July 12th 1972, The PCF (French Communist Party), the PS (Socialist Party) and the “radicaux de gauche” party signed a programme agreement entitled “A Common Programme for Government”, that soon became known as the "Common Programme”. In September 1977, negotiations to renew the programme, which were widely covered by the media, failed because of a re-emergence of ideological divergences that had been put to one side in 1972. This failure occurred in spite of the very favourable electoral dynamic that had given rise to a United Front on the political left. This political programme was most widely distributed in 20th century France. It marked the French political life to the point that it is possible to call the 1972-1977 period the “Common Programme” moment. A study of the social impact of this text and a chronological rereading of the May-September 1977 period that aims to reevaluate the responsibility of the French Communist Party for the failure of the discussions has allowed the writing of a history of political programmes for the 1972-1977 period
Sánchez, G. Gonzalo. "Guerres, mémoire et histoire en Colombie." Paris, EHESS, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002EHES0118.
Full textIn response to growing interest and the need to address the political administration of memory, this study explores the singular nature of the Colombian case in which the cult of memory is marked by a striking ambiguity: on the one hand, a long history of unresolved wars; while, on the other, the recurring practice of unlimited amnesties which nowadays come up against a universal demand of justice for war victims. Within this context, Colombia's current situation is extremely interesting due to its tradition, exceptional with the Latin American context, of wars and violence. The study of Colombia's tradition of war and violence should contribute to expanding comprehension regarding contemporary conflict. Our research is guided by the following questions : What are the marks to be seen in our national history? How are they incorporated into our language? How do we represent them and how do they condition the present? What restrictions does the universalization of the way memory is addressed impose on our own memory?
Fauconnier, Brice. "Tenkō 転向 : va-et-vient, convergences et changements idéologiques dans le Japon des années 1920-1950." Paris, INALCO, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012INAL0001.
Full textComparing with european cases largly influenced by religious conversions or recantations' idea, the ideological changes phenomenon called "tenkō " in Japan is valuable for two reasons. Firstable, it is public (therefore, immediatly controled, mediatized as a social and ordinary phenomenon through the public expression space), secondly, it lives through the twenties to the fifties (therefore, it represents the heart for rethinking continuity and dicontinuity among political elite from prewar to postwar). Mostly used pejoratively to mark out an official renunciation of marxist ideas or commitment in the thirties, it originally concerns marxits internal debate concerning the readaptation of the theoretical apparatus to new social and political conditions. The history of the word "tenkô", wich basically means "change of orientation", shows the developpement into ideological issues under the action the authorities from 1928 to the defeat and the difficulty for Japanese intellectuals to combine occidental heritage and patriotism. Qualifying "tenkō " the general evolution of Japan from the mobilization to total war in Asia-Pacific or the individual choices from 1945, amounts in many ways to denounce abrupt turnarounds or opportunism as lack of Resistance to "fascism" or a series of compromises with militarism and war worshiping. To avoid such simplification and in order to clarify postwar Japan discourses presuppositions concerning the war itself and the position of Japan in its international environment, this study intend to provide an historical overview on the reorientation of the 1920-1950 period
Oliveira, Gomes Claudia de. "La tyrannie grecque archaïque : histoire politique et intellectuelle." Paris 4, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004PA040220.
Full textThis work analyses the specific place of tyranny in ancient Greece's political and intellectual history. The author seeks to situate the history of political ideas while taking into account historical events alongside considerations of the economy, society - including notions of citizenship – as well as religion and architectural history. This is the background against which the importance of the moment in which tyranny in the history of Greek ideology can be seen. In order to attain its models of intelligibility, this thesis builds on notions taken from political anthropology. The author thus understands tyranny as an archaic form of the State that comes into existence as a veritable political revolution. The tyrannical regime institutes the first means of coercion: a new citizenry that depends on the state and is defined abstractly, a civic religion, a secular and centralized public domain. The evolution of the sixth century Spartan or classic Athenian polis is described as the result of dynamic contradictions between the political structures of the State instituted by tyrrany and the representations of a socially mediated power characteristic of pre-political societies that have not yet created a State. The analysis of archaic poetry shows that the political rupture introduced by tyranny sends ripples into intellectual culture. The texts reveal the appearance of political concepts and the beginning of a causal interpretation of events; the author examines very precisely notions related to the political regime and social groupings. The relationship interwoven between the tyrant and the demos highlights the conditions necessary for the birth of politics as an autonomous field. Finally, this thesis proposes looking at the birth of Ionian philosophy in a new light, as a response to the advent of the autonomy of the political. The physiologoi philosophoi thus attempt to rebuild a holistic understanding of the world that has been shattered by an intellectual crisis, but not without approving of the notional transformations acquired in the wake of the challenge to the tyrannical polis
Svampa, Maristella. "Penser le Facundo : civilisation et barbarie dans la culture et la vie politique argentine." Paris, EHESS, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992EHES0016.
Full textSince the publication of sarmiento's facundo (1845), the dichotomic image "civilisation or barbarity" has held an important place in the history of argentina. We have reconstituted the path this image has taken as much in the political sphere as in that of culture, indicating the different uses and functions it has had in several periods of argentinian history: the long period which opens with the "conservative republic", and wich closes up again with the post-peronist epoch. We can first of all reveal two principal functions, to understand "civilisation or barbarity" as a principle of political ligitimation and as mechanism of political invective. Following that, the role that it played for the intellectuals in the thirties and the fifthies, which implies a political repositionning in regard to the old liberal plan. Finally, the importance of the image as a representation of the social and as a global conception of history
Burger, Patrick. "Le système politique au Japon." Paris 9, 1999. https://portail.bu.dauphine.fr/fileviewer/index.php?doc=1999PA090033.
Full textTsaboto, Jean. "Mutation sociale et politique de la société antemoro au XIXe siècle (Sud-Est de Madagascar)." Paris, EHESS, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003EHES0179.
Full textIn the South-East of Madagascar, in the XVIIth and XVIIIth centuries, a political balance was established between nobles and commoners, in the Antemoro kingdom, founded by descendants of islamized immigrants, and in the Antesaka kingdom built up by Maroseràña who came from the West Coast. The violent irruption of the Merina power, whose administration controlles foreign trade, set up taxes and fatigues (after 1824), and introduced chritianity and schooling (1878), disrupted these societies. Internal elements added to these external factors, connected with balance of power between social strata and with fights in order to control men and rice-fields. The policy of the Merina government, which chose to get support from the nobles in the Antemoro and Antesaka countries, and from the Zafisoro in the Farafangana, worsened the gap between social groups. Tensions gave birth to conflicts that population mobility and influence of Christian ideology turned into revolutionary wars. The Antemoro (in 1851, 1883, 1894, periods of crisis between Madagascar and France) and Antesaka commoners (in 1895) managed to break up hierarchies of their kingdoms and set free their slaves with whom they formed new social groups. These groups built up "royal" structures in the Antesaka (1895) and Antemoro (1937) regions. In the Frafangana area, since 1852, tension between Antefasy and Zafisoro has benn permanent. The afternath of these conflicts still affects the whole region today; they are worsened by demographic presure on arable land
Marchesin, Philippe. "Etat et société en Mauritanie : 1946 - 1986 : de l'historicité du politique en Afrique." Paris 1, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1990PA010255.
Full textThis thesis which must be differentiated form the global analysis of the developmentalist and the neo-marxist approaches which have characterized numerous similar works concerning Mauritania for about 20 years, attaches importance to the historical aspect, avoiding however any cultural hyper determinism, in order to explain the politics in that country. After he has introduced Moorish and negro-African traditional societies which is shown to be essential for the understanding of the rest of the work, the author studies the contemporary state of Mauritania. First of all, by taking in account the political evolution since 1946 and by using the concept of a state with a variable focusing, the identifies six component areas of the post-colonial state of Mauritania ( the national-legal political, the ethnical, the tribal, the religious areas and areas of new solidarities and of external influences). By assessing the intensity of those varied mobilizations, he concludes that the tribal area is dominating, that leads him to describe the state of Mauritania as a "state with a variable focusing where the neo-khaldunism is dominant". Then, this thesis means to view plural strategies of the social actors, according. .
François, Axelle. "La structuration d'un État malgache au XIXe siècle : de l'apogée du royaume merina à la mise en place du protectorat français." Toulouse 1, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2006TOU10041.
Full textAfter having imposed themselves as the dominant tribe in Madagascar, the Merina were able to establish a political stability towards the European countries. This enabled them to maintain a certain independence until the ultimate action of the French colonization, which marks the end of the Merina monarchy. During many years, the Merina were able to hold the French colonialist claim in check. The perseverance of the court of Imerina and its intransigent government policy, were the principal assets of the Malagasy populaiton. Nevertheless, facing the determination of the French and deprived of the support of its faithful allied which was England, Madagascar was compelled to accept, in 1895, the official protectorate introduction. This victory was the cost of many years of fight during which the French did not stop modifying and adapting their policy in order to impose themselves towards the Malagasy people who were inclined to defend the crowned ground of their ancestors against any foreign interference
Rakotomalala, Mbinina Matthieu. "La sociologie du parlement malgache depuis l'indépendance jusqu'à la troisième république : (1960-2009)." Thesis, Paris 10, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018PA100181.
Full textSince independence in 1960, Madagascar has organized several elections and therefore has an ongoing legislative power despite the socio-political crises the country faced . Despite this, the Parliament remains unclear citizens and the academic literature. The six legislatures from 1960 to 2007, including the testimony of elected representatives and the quantitative survey results to the Antananarivo people, are the basis of this research. One purpose is to understand the institution through its uses and will be to a sociography of its members and a sociology of practices. We will approach the Malagasy Parliament like any other country including the old parliamentary democracies even if it was originally "imported" during the colonial period. We adopt the classical perspectives of the sociology of political representation from Weber to Bourdieu particularly on relations with voters, political professionalization (beginning in politics, first elected office, non-parliamentary destiny, etc.), the stability of political personnel (dual mandate, reelection, etc.) and according to the views of sociological analysis of politics for which Parliament is as much a place of social practices that "legal corpus"
Mozzicafreddo, Juan Pedro. "État, mouvements et luttes sociales : processus politique portugais 1974-1976." Montpellier 1, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986MON10001.
Full textLahiniriko, Denis. "Les structures politiques à Tananarive : union, unanimisme et divisions partisanes dans la culture politique nationaliste malgache (1945-1958)." Paris 1, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA010621.
Full textSourati, Bassam. "Structures socio-politiques à Tripoli-Liban : 1900-1950." Paris 10, 1985. http://www.theses.fr/1985PA100148.
Full textMankoussou, Jean. "Histoire des institutions politiques modernes du Congo-Brazzaville : genèse et développement." Perpignan, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002PERP0421.
Full textThe study we have leaded here is a greater important contribution to the knowledge of politic institutions of the colonial ex-territory of the Midle-Congo. She's rested on the research of the causes of the permanence of governmental instabilities that this country know since the period of the french-african community : eight (8) executives, about sixteen (16) constitutional texts and more than ten (10) observed cases of violence movements (riots between tribes, revolutionary uprising, military distinguished actions, presidential murder, civil wars,. . . ). These causes are at one and the same time anthropologic : the people who haven't a common past are obliged, because of the colonization, to cohabit ; sociologic : the non-existence of a common past induce ipso facto divergent behaviours so much the futures aren't identically taken hold. They are viewed as a tacit refusal to accept the modernity by the non-observance of the modern law oneself worked out. Colonial and new colonial doctrines have also an important part in this governmental instabilities
Lannuzel, Pascale. "La place des activités de pêche dans l'aménagement de la côte orientale de Madagascar : Etude de la région Betsimisaraka entre Toamasina et Antalaha." Brest, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004BRES1003.
Full textIn the first part of the dissertation, the customs and activities of local communities are described in relation to their environment, the eastern coast of Madagascar. The North Betsimisaraka appears to be a potentially rich region. In this region, during the period of french colonisation, inhabitants were encouraged to grow products for exportation (e. G. Vanilla) rather than eating products for self-sufficiency. Since independance, this agricultural pattern persists; while road circulation conditions deteriorate in the region, an increase in sea transport compensates for road deficiencies. The second part of the dissertation describes the three sectors of sea fishing. Traditionnal fishing progressively developed in the coastal areas during the sixties and is most of the time complementary to agriculture practises. Traditional fishing can be considered as a solution to the pauperisation of local communities. More recently, local fishing and industrial shrimp fishing target extra-regional and export markets as a priority. Finally, the three fishing sectrors are at the origin of a tangle of sea products distribution networks from the North Betsimsaraka. The third part of the dissertation attempts to emphasize assets and liabilities of the studied area, considering its future. The sixth and final chapter broadens the examination of country planning for the eastern coast of Madagascar to the whole country. Relating the history of the development policies imposed on Madagascar since colonisation allows a better understanding of the actual situation and helps to define the complexity of the task still to be done for malagasy people, of whom a large majority live under the poverty level, before they are able to simply enjoy well-being
Mouyoula, Prosper. "Crises et mutations politiques au Congo-Brazzaville : radioscopie et interprétation d'une histoire complexe : 1946-1996." Lyon 2, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004LYO20026.
Full textNirhy-Lanto, Hery Andriamahazo. "La mutation de la classe politique malgache : un problème du temps présent." Thesis, Paris, INALCO, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014INAL0024.
Full textThe political life of Madagascar is marked by post-election crises and sociopolitical protests, during its 54 years of independence. From this observation, Malagasy people feel entitled to enjoy their riches and live a sustained development based on consideration of traditional values. Madagascar demands a real transformation of its political class. This change seems inevitable, but the main question is whether it will go to the expected direction... Opposition to this impulse is felt, since domestic and international political and economic issues require that Madagascar conforms to the stereotypical pattern of western development. Therefore, the words “democracy, good governance, globalization” seem so overused. By this way, sometimes, they lose the necessary precision and relevance for an understanding of system of values and political exchanges they are supposed to express and establish. Other corollaries of these superficial changes that were imposed are emerging, namely the proliferation of political stakeholders that involve a multiplication of related groups. Infact, there is currently about 150 political parties and associations that are registered at the Ministry of DomesticAffairs. However, with these political developments, no real “opposition” manifest positively. Ultimately, faced with this famous and inevitable change of its political class, Madagascar is encountering cultural, historical, institutional, economic and social problems. To uncover the real motives of this resistance to change, first, atentative definition of the concept of power in Madagascar and a descriptive overview of the Malagasy politicians during the colonial period is conducted. Afterwards, a study on the basis of the current Malagasy political class is performed. In addition to domestic social and economic difficulties, there are international geopolitical and economic interests. A particular observation is undertaken on the behavior of French investors and policymakers. This is actually a real and accurate illustration of pater familias behaviors that France adopts vis-à-vis its African partners
Tracol, Matthieu. "La rigueur et les réformes : histoire des politiques du travail et de l'emploi du gouvernement Mauroy (1981-1984)." Thesis, Paris 1, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA010700.
Full textThe Mauroy government is usually associated with the 1983 “austerity turn”. It is commonly agreed after the eurphoria following their electoral victory, the socialist power suddendly adopted economic austerity. The study of labour and employment policies can undermine this idea in two ways. Firstly, the political changeover allowed modernist high-ranking civil servants to reach key decision-making positions in social policies. They were under the influence of Jacques Delors and of the CFDT union, who both strongly supported collective bargaining. Already in 1981, sicoial reforms were initiated in an atmosphere of rigour, in ordre not to cause irrerversible economic and budgetary slippage. The reduction of working time, developed within the StatePlanning Commision was realized by focusing on decentralized social negotiation and wage moderation. The lowering of the retirement age to 60 years was initially associated with the increase of the contribution period. The Auroux labour laws did not put into question the power of entrepreneurs. Secondly, the inflection point of the Mauroy government policy is actually not to be found in 1983, but in the first half of 1982. After project of the 35 hour working week was scrapped, the fighting against unemployment was no longer a primary objective for the gouvernment. It was then in a dead end with no major reform to achieve. Its agenda was indeed dominated by financial problems (the UNEDIC deficit, which led to a dramatic reduction of unemployment benefits, and retirement fundings), but that does not mean that there was a widespread conversion of socialiste lite to neoliberalism at the time
Serre, Bastien. "La lutte contre la corruption à Madagascar." Thesis, Toulouse 1, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017TOU10035/document.
Full textKuruneri-Millet, Antoine. "Le Cadre juridique des investissements français en fédération de Russie : Histoire et perspective." Cergy-Pontoise, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000CERG0177.
Full textThe legal framework of foreign investments witnesses of the existence, the nature and of the applying of law in Russia. Despite an almost completed modern legal framework in 2000, law in Russia remains ambivalent and the main consequence is a relative legal insecurity regarding economic relationships. However, this relative insecurity is not uniform and Russia is not a world without rules. The formal legal framework sometimes allow the substitution or the superimposition of both informal rules and practices to command the reference to the law, its applying and its effectiveness. Beyond the presentation of the legal framework in Russia, this thesis aims at identifying the origins of a complex legal reality and proposes interpretation keys to understand this reality where the history of Russia holds an essential role. This through a transversal approach of the legal framework of foreign investments, which refers mainly to economy, geopolitics and sociology. Without these keys, there is neither real and relevant understanding of the legal framework nor any possibility to forecast its possible future evolution, nor interpretation possibility and above all, no possibility to propose and formulate solutions for its improvement. Thus, this thesis opens on the full Russian legal landscape and overcome the strict business law to integrate all branches of public and private law and, notably, constitutional law, as well as relations between France and Russia, the present co-operation and its perspective
Choisel, Francis. "Gaullisme et bonapartisme." Lille 3 : ANRT, 1986. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37596716t.
Full textBazenguissa, Rémy. "Histoire sociale du champ politique congolais : 1946-1991." Paris, EHESS, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995EHES0091.
Full textMy sociological study of congolese political practices constitutes a historical account divided in six parts. I strove to show, for each period, how in their fight for power, the actors played differents trumps : the influences which they could prevail over religious circles, as well as military, political, and ethnical, their own capacity in mastering eloquence, and elegance, and finally, the valorization of their scholar diplomas, when they had any
Ollivier-Yaniv, Caroline. "État et communication gouvernementale : histoire d'une nécessité démocratique 1939-1976 : du Commissariat général à l'information au Service d'information et de diffusion du Premier ministre." Paris 1, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997PA010332.
Full textBy the term governmental communication, this thesis refers to the means used by the state to establish an exchange of information between government institutions and citizens. Both vast and familiar, this information is recognised as a full right in the contract between the state and the nation. But it is also defined by its necessity as well as by the commentaries which stress its intrinsicly democratic nature. If the communication of the state poses questions inherent in the practice of representative democracy, it is far from offering an answer to what type of relationship between the government and the governed is the most direct possible. As a unique form of relationship between the people and the executive, governmental communication is itself a kind of governance, a mode of regulating between the accessibility and the inacessibility of the government vis-a-vis the governed. Governmental communications can be understood as a realization of the public face of state information. Two areas will be considered for analysis and explanation: the genesis and the economics of governmental communication. Through documentary and archival research covering the period from 1939 through 1976 - the year in which the prime minister's information and broadcasting service (service d'information et de diffusion du premier ministre or sid) was created - this thesis first demonstrates that governmental communication is a rationalized form of relationship between the state and its information. Then, by considering how the sid has functioned over the last 20 years, its procedures and the actors involved in it or around it - ascertained through both a series of semi-direct interviews and a questionnaire - this thesis demonstrates that the state has not created a new sphere of action but that the sid appears rather to be a dramatic device intended to disseminate the different guises of the state. Thus, governmental communications can be considered as a kind of theatre characteristic of the democratic system
Fabry, Pierre. "La Principauté de Monaco (1856-1999) : l'avénement d'une État souverain." Paris 4, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002PA040193.
Full textWe propose to study the contemporary history of this nation - bit by bit saved from political and financial ruin by chance, culture, science, tourism and industry. From autonomy to independence, the governors and people forged the conditions of their future and survival. But this rapid expansion isn't enough to explain how Monaco reached its full political maturity in a Europe of large political powers while its territory was reduced to nothing. Political, social, and economical crises, the privileged but sometimes conflicting relationships of the prince and his subjects, and diplomatic relationships enabled the affirmation and the emergence of the principality. The history of Monaco is the story of a state not unlike those on the continent. With regard to culture, the economy, diplomacy, and social life, we are attempting here to uncover the fascinating destiny of this community that is deeply rooted in Europe
Wehrlé, Frédéric. "La pérennité du problème tchéco-slovaque : facteur national et politique en Tchécoslovaquie, 1918-1992." Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993IEPP0008.
Full textThe crisis that occured between the Czechs ans Slovaks after the fall of communism in 1989 was the culmination of a seventy-years old historical sequence during which the issue of the arrangement of the relations between the two peoples had continuously been the focus of political concern. Besides the fact that Czecho-Slovak dualism grounded in deep-rooted historical differences in development between the two communities, the Slovaks felt both estranged from the decision-making process and deprived of their share of central-government ressources. In spite of public policies implemented by the parliamentary and socialist regimes, power-decentralization appeared to be the best strategy for the Sslovaks who felt that Czechoslovakia did not equally belong to everyone. The failure of the Czechs and Slovaks to reach a common solution led to the disintegration in 1992
Rakotoniaina, Bearisoa. "Les relations économiques et financières entre la France et Madagascar de 1960 à 1972 et leurs implications sociales." Thesis, Paris 4, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA040155.
Full textThe strong French presence in Madagascar continues after the colonial period between 1960 and 1972. Now, this presence is sought by the majority of Malagasy, following the country’s adhesion to the French Community. In this new institutional framework, Madagascar, as an independent and sovereign Nation-state maintains close relations with France. They are defined by the “agreements of cooperation” signed in June 27th 1960. This does not imply a neo-colonialism, but rather an assisted independence. The economic and financial situation improves. Despite the country deteriorating terms of trade, Malagasy international trade continues to grow because of free of trade reaching beyond the area of the franc zone. France remains a very important potential customer, despite its leaning towards Europe. Indeed, French companies based in the Big Island contribute to national development: transfer of capital, skills and technology. Madagascar adopts the French social model. Despite social inequality, the standard of living of the population improves. The importance of French aid constituted a hindrance for the Tsiranana regime to seize the opportunities presented by the UN institutions. In fact, Madagascar fulfilled the conditions for granting large loan from the IMF, but failed to take advantage
Nguyễn, Kim Hiền. "La dimension psycho-spirituelle chez des cadres-fonctionnaires durant les vingt dernières années au nord du Vietnam (1986-2006)." Paris, EPHE, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010EPHE5005.
Full textThe formation of a "psycho-spiritual universe" among some public servants and cadres emerged as a major reality during the great transformation of Vietnamese society in the 1980s. At first, this new formation seemd to be a constellation of responses to existencial crises of some members of thus stratum. Since the mid-1990s, however, some political actors have begun to see it as a solution to the moral crisis at the national level. Bew forms of symbolic representation and socio-religious modes of individualization have taken shape in the new public spaces built in the fringes of the dominant official political discourse, where the psycho-spiritual universe is most active. The practice of magic has attracted mass followers, and parts of the ruling elite consider its authentification as a possible way to overcome state atheism and totalitarian heritage, without having to go through a radical ideological rupture. The legitimatization of magic, therefore, creates an epicentre of a new game that contains a variety of trends ranging from upholding the orthodox ideology, supporting a popularization of magic, to promoting an alternative secularity. In attempt to manage the unprecedented yet constrained proliferation of magic in a single-party regime, some groups of public servants actively engage themselves in its practice, while trying to assert themselves as leaders of the game. The question is wether their practice represents a prelude to pluralism and democratization or, conversely, the emergence of a new orthodoxy, the core of which rests in the Communist totalitarian religion, which in turn remains largely intact ?
Quattrocchi-Woisson, Diana. "La querelle historiographique en Argentine, quête d'identité pour une nation en crise : histoire et politique, 1916-1955." Paris 7, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989PA070089.
Full textHistory of a debate going through the twentieth century which concern the person and the government of juan manuel de rosas. The history plays a prominent part in the formation of the national argentinian identity and peronist identity. Study and analysis of the birth and evolution of a movement of the militant counter-history, known in argentine under the name of historical revisionism. Beetwen the memory and the historiographic, between the history and politics, rosas's problem offers a mirror where the most flagrant contradictions of argentinian society reflects. First part : a double birth, 1916-1930 : whit the establishement of the universal suffrage and the new political legitimacy (the yrigoyenism) the discussion about rosas leaves the historien's room to be placed on the public place. A the very beginning two inspiration's sources feed the claims of rosas figure, one of the popular character and the other elitiste. Second part : from divorce to repudiation, 1934-1943 : the revisionism builds up in the fierce opposition movement to the official history. A very particular group of the nationalist intelectuals uses rosas historical figure to create a counter-academic of history : the "institut of historical researches juan manuel de rosas". The revisionist mouvement was a meeting place for both left and right young anti-liberals. Fighting "english imperialism" was their leitmotiv. .
Essono, Mezui Hervé. "Eglise catholique, vie politique et démocratisation au Gabon : 1945-1995." Lyon 2, 2006. http://theses.univ-lyon2.fr/documents/lyon2/2006/essono-mezui_h.
Full textThe Catholic Church has become one of the main components of contemporary Gabon. We cannot make its history without accounting for the part played by this Church in the Gabonese society. In a little more than 150 years of effective presence, it has shared the joys and misfortunes, the hopes and despairs of the Gabonese people. Since 1945, the Catholic Church has been confronted with the agitated and ambiguous political evolution of Gabon through the electoral competitions, political independence, the institutions set up, political violence. It has known the period of the single party, the political involvment of its priests, the return to the multi-party system and democratization. In front of these facts the Catholic Church has a directive word, neither noisy, nor aggressive, but useful for the construction of the society. But this word is disputed or misunderstood because of an environment characterized by a climate of ambiguous secularity, secularization and the internal challenges of the Church. Beyond the relationship between the Catholic Church and political life, between 1945 and 1995, this work is also interested in the History of this Church in order to better understand its role in society. It recalls its evolution since the periods of the missions until the building of the Churches diocesan, while relating by the end of the Mission, the change in the episcopate, the creation of the episcopal conference, the visit of the John Paul II. It shows the strengths and limits of its action in a Gabonese society, al ready facing deep economic, social and cultural changes because of colonization, and the oil boom
Zervos, Sokratis K. "Recherches sur les phanariotes et leur idéologie politique : 1666-1821." Paris, EHESS, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990EHES0031.
Full textDanet, Guillaume. "L'édification de l'État tchadien." Perpignan, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PERP0991.
Full textYoo, Junghwan. "Culture et politique en Corée : pour une approche culturaliste." Paris 8, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995PA080967.
Full textIn an attempt to clarify the particularity of politics in korean culture, this study adopts a culturalist approach in its semiotic version. Having identified some components of the korean system of signification and having compared it with other systems such a s christianism and islam, we are entitled to assume that the complementarity principle be the essence of korean cultural code. Resulting from this complementarity principle, phenomena of imbrication between the ethical and the political and searching for a harmony between them are constantly observed in different dimensions of the political action and institutions in korea
Piret, Nadine. "Le bilinguisme fonctionnel du gouvernement ontarien, ou, Les origines et la réception des services en français, 1976-1986." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp04/mq26356.pdf.
Full textSabit, Audrey. "La mise en place d'un nouveau système politique : l'exemple de l'avènement de la démocratie dans l'Athènes antique." Bordeaux 4, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001BOR40006.
Full textRahal, Malika. "L'Union démocratique du Manifeste algérien (1946-1956) : Histoire d'un parti politique : l'autre nationalisme algérien." Paris, INALCO, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007INAL0012.
Full textThe Manifesto Party was founded in Algeria by Ferhat Abbas and his companions in 1946. They united around the idea of an algerian republic where all inhabitant of the country could be citizen. During ten years, they developed an alternative nationalism and mobilized the masses in an political party. The party also aimed at imagining an algerian community. In 1956, they rallied to the FLN, the National Liberation Front
Hernández, Olga. "La communauté japonaise au Pérou 1899-2000 et le gouvernement d'Alberto Fujimori." Paris 3, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001PA03A002.
Full textGoiran, Hélène. "Les rôles politiques des militaires fidjiens : une histoire des guerriers, héros des conflits mondiaux, soldats de la paix, putschistes et hommes d’Etat, des premiers contacts avec les Occidentaux au gouvernement Bainimarama." Nouvelle Calédonie, 2011. http://portail-documentaire.univ-nc.nc/files/public/bu/theses_unc/TheseHeleneGoiran2011.pdf.
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