Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Politique et gouvernement – Sénégal'
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Diop, Adrienne. "La communication politique et la démocratie au Sénégal." Paris 2, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995PA020080.
Full textSenegal has adpted a democratic and pluralist political system. The democratic process was done in a progressive way. Political parties were first limited to three, then four, before being allowed in a unlimited number in 1981. In practice, what incidence the democracy system has on the information system ? to what extent has multipartism influenced the media, their evolution and their content. Have print and broadcast media felt the political liberalisation in the same way. Through a presentation of the press, radio and television, of their role in the political communication, we shall try to see wether there is a relation between the leaders decisions and the people's aspirations. Are the people's needs related in the media just as the leadars's actions are ? democracy is not limited to many political parties and the organization of elections. Democracy with independant media from political powers. A free, complete and bidirectionnal information is necessary. It helps in forming a critical and free public opinion, able to play its role in democracy. Communication level indicates the degree of democracy of many modern state. The study of the communication system, its interaction with the different forces of the society, will enable us to see if the freedom of information, as it isexperienced in senegal, is faithful to the idal of democracy it chose
Ziem, A. Kiboung Marius. "Les partis politiques en Afrique dans les pays non militaires : Cameroun, Cote d'Ivoire, Sénégal." Paris 10, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992PA100059.
Full textThose parties and in a general way, the african parties were created around 1945. They evoluate in conditions of competition up to 1960, date of independance. 1) Once in power, they remove those conditions and become one party with the aim of accomplishing the economic developement and national unicity. They adopt an organisation based on model of European totalitarian parties and their functioning becomes autocratic. 2) thirty years after the independence their management appraisal is negative national integration is not achieved or economic developement. On the other hand the economic development of the leaders can be noticed, social restructuring, and sometimes the dismantling of the state, and at least his supervising by the single party
Diop, Alioune Badara. "Logiques sociales et démocratie électorale au Sénégal, essai de reconstitution et d'interprétation d'une trajectoire de crise : l'exemple du Fouta Tooro (1983-2001)." Bordeaux 4, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2003BOR40050.
Full textSince 1952 the Parti socialiste (PS) has been exerting an electoral hegemony over the Senegalese polity. The overall economic climate in the one hand, political issues created by Ousmane Tanor Dieng's contested legitimacy at the head of the PS, in the other, account for Abdou Diouf's electoral defeat in 19 March 2000 as well as his party's in 29 April 2001. This doctoral thesis analyses and interprets the critical and protean trajectory wich "works on" Haalpulaar en voters mind from 1983 to 2001 in Fouta-Tooro. In the light of three fundamental social logics - distributive stratification of power, gift and counter-gift, the tooroodo monopoly on modern political legitimacy - , the author questions the state crisis and its corollary : the destabilization of routine regulations, to explain how the changeover of political power between parties became feasible via free and fair elections
Sonko, Bruno. "Essai sur la politique africaine du Sénégal, 1981-2000." Toulouse 1, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001TOU10008.
Full textContinuity and changes in Senegal's foreign policy in Africa, re-examines the principal objectives, guidelines and major orientations
Mbaye, Ndiogou. "Héritage institutionnel et évolution politique : essai sur la réception du modèle démocratique par le Sénégal depuis l'indépendance." Paris 2, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992PA020005.
Full textDione, Maurice Soudieck. "Le processus d'institutionnalisation de la démocratie au Sénégal." Bordeaux 4, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010BOR40020.
Full textBy structuring the paradigms of constructivism, neo-institutionalism and politics from below, we aim to highlight the process of the institutionalization of democracy in Senegal. On the one hand, it lies an objective complicity between the various actors of the political scene, who use the democracy, the law and the institutions, thanks to combined strategies, as political instruments, and which effects they resent through the imposition of constraints. So, they embark on a process of responsive measures, in terms of working plans, renewal of the institutional and legal framework, with regard to political crisi circumstances which stakes are the conquest, the governing and the conservation of power. This confrontation of objectives and interests leads to the progressive introduction of rules and norms for a political and electoral loyal competition. These rules and norms are democratic acomplishments that consolidate the society ; their preservation and perpetuation maintain the negotiation between the actors. On the other hand, the consequences brought about by the transition from a triumphing government control to a decadent one, due to adjustment imperatives, provoke the deconstruction of the reticular relationship between the temporal and the spiritual that were at the basis of pebetration and the socialization of the state ; so, the citizens are set free and condemned to take care of themselves, thus, to develop subjective individuation strategies that reinforce democratic citizenship. The latter is given value by other sociocultural enlargement and public liberties deepening dynamics, essentially held by private medias, popular music, particularly M'balax and Rap music, as welle as, by organizations promoting and protecting human rights, that point out to themselves and are designated under the name of civil society
Dahou, Tarik. "Entre parenté et politique : les organisations paysannes du delta du fleuve Sénégal à l'épreuve du factionnalisme." Paris, EHESS, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001EHESA029.
Full textAtlan, Catherine. "Elections et pratiques électorales au Sénégal (1940-1958) : histoire sociale et culturelle de la décolonisation." Paris, EHESS, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001EHES0093.
Full textDoumbia, Fousseyni. "L'alternance démocratique au sommet de l'Etat au Mali et au Sénégal depuis l'indépendance." Rouen, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015ROUED012.
Full textSenghor, Sophie. "L'information nationale au journal télévisé sénégalais : contribution à l'étude de la crise des modèles étatiques de développement en Afrique." Bordeaux 3, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993BOR30038.
Full textFall, Demba. "Société civile et démocratie au Sénégal." Perpignan, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PERP0749.
Full textThe purpose of this thesis is to study the evolution of civil and social participation in the development of political democratization in Senegal. Considering that the constitutional model, adopted in 1960, has not favoured a participating democracy this study ponders about the relationship between the civil society and democracy in Senegal. Through a conceptualization limited to idealogical reforms concerning the political system and state institutions or simply an institutional imitation, we note that the vertical contruction of democratization is neither the result of the people's awareness nor will. The fonctional and structural inadequacy has created a "non-legitimation" linked to a new volontarist dynamic of social and public transformation. The opening up of the Senegalese political system made it possible to observe the change of the civil society both as an opposition force as an alternative element. But this does not exclude that the civil society may be a public authority partner and thus act in order to obtain a reinforcement of the democratic asset. Analysing the outcome of the democratic change in February/March 2000, a statement occurs : despite institutional, socio-cultural, economic and political barriers preventing the construction and participation of the civil society in Senegal the change depends mainly on the work of this civil society rather than on the political parties
Thiam, Abdou Rahmane. "La sélection du personnel politique au Sénégal (1981-2001) : Contribution à l'étude de la professionnalisation politique de candidats à l'accès au parlement dans une démocratie hybride." Montpellier 1, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009MON10014.
Full textNdiaye, Amadou. "La confrérie des Mourides et ses rapports avec le pouvoir politique au sénégal de 1960 à 2000 : Contribution à l' histoire de l' islam au Sénégal." Perpignan, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PERP1043.
Full textThis study proposes a journey into the « Black African Islam » throughout its social and historical construction. Thus, we wanted to analyze the political effects of the religious field transformation going from 1960 to 2000, taking as a case the Murid Brotherhood. In fact, since the colonial period in Senegal, the murid brotherhood has with the political power relations based on a reciprocity services which was becoming a kind of exchange System. This Relationship places on the political stage three characters: the sheikh, his follower and the political power. Designated under the expression of Senegalese Social Contract, it will undergo important changes linked to situations and the transformations of the modem world. However, since the year 2000, the new president Abdoulaye Wade starts with a new paradigm concerning the relations between Politicians and Saints by showing publicly his belonging of the murid brotherhood, and multiplying actions in favour of murid projects. By doing so, he put again the question of "secularism", a fundamental principal in the Senegalese Constitution, into debate. This study will also question the relations between the murid saints and the press in Senegal often under self-censorship
Seck-Fall, Aminata Madeleine. "La formation des enseignants du 1er degré de l'époque coloniale à nos jours au Sénégal." Paris 10, 1985. http://www.theses.fr/1985PA100180.
Full textAdouko, Djouka Bernard. "Le président de l'Assemblée nationale en Afrique noire." Toulouse 1, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993TOU10025.
Full textThe president of the national assembly in black Africa: a comparative analysis from the examples of the Ivory Coast and Senegal. The president of the national assembly in the Ivory Coast and Senegal is the reflection of the institution he runs. He is properly dominated by the president of the republic. The latter appoints him, tells him what conduct he must have in parliament and, generally, in the state. In this, the person that we may call “the first member of parliament” is an essential element of the political regime of the two countries in so far as, at the same time, he preserves the democratic appearance of a republican regime (for instance the separation of powers) and contributes to the institutional supremacy of the head of state. The evolution which started as soon as 1976 in Senegal, which spread over the whole of Africa, did not fundamentally alter these characteristics of political life: the strengthening of the democratic appearance of the institutions has been coupled with a subtle and complex relationship
Niang, M'Bagne Diop. "Le développement des cultures maraichères dans les niayes au Sénégal depuis l'indépendance : expériences et réalisations." Paris 10, 1985. http://www.theses.fr/1985PA100075.
Full textSarr, Ibrahima. "La démocratie en débats : L'élection présidentielle de l'an 2000 dans la presse quotidienne sénégalaise : Sémiologie d'une communication du politique : Perspectives pour une éducation aux médias." Paris 2, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004PA020016.
Full textBadji, Daouda. "L'Hybridation policière : l'exemple du Sénégal." Thesis, Toulouse 1, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014TOU10011/document.
Full textFormer French colony, Senegal independent in 1960, inherited an administration and very highly centralized and bureaucratic institutions including the police. This policy "colonial", characterized by repression, had the task of protecting the imperialistic administration. The 'all repressive' of yesteryear, will, in one change, give way to a "modern" police, due to endogenous influences (democratization, social diversity, conflict in Casamance, etc.) exogenous (globalization of threats, globalization actions, the fight against terrorism). The security context of Senegal argues for police hybridization. Indeed, the increasing globalization, as seen in recent decades, has revealed how the protection of citizens, goods and information is no longer played strictly within the territory and operates now also widely in international and transnational sphere. Whether the fight against terrorism, cybercrime, transnational organized crime, or rebuilding societies ravaged by conflict, missions "outside the boundaries" of the police have become an unavoidable reality of work policeman. These changes in the Senegalese police were concurrent with the emergence of hybrid policies that have resulted in connections between these spaces and circulations practices of actors in the field of security once sovereign state power: c 'is the era of de-monopolization of the central Senegalese state and the emergence of a co-production of security
Mbodj, Ibrahima. "Crise de l'Etat, jeunesses urbaines et invention du politique au Sénégal : de 1980 à nos jours." Paris 7, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004PA070019.
Full textSenegal has been suffering from the social and political consequences of Structural Adjustment Programs since the end of the eighties. The State crisis and ultimately its relationship with democracy appear as a backdrop. Therefore the implementation of Abdou Diouf's political hegemony from 1981 has been constantly fought by certain groups of the Senegalese society, mainly the urban youth, who has challenged the political and economic orientations of the socialist regime. As a major political actor of the eighties and nineties, the urban youth has particularly distinguished itself by its activism within the social and political contestation arena and as a booster in a process for the invention or the rehabilitation of politics in Senegal. We examine that hypothesis with the post-electoral events of 1988 as a starting point. However, during our research, a more decisive fact than the action of the urban youth has appeared in the dynamics of Senegalese politics in the eighties : it is a new social and political event designated by what we call the "sopi atmosphere", which is a social and political ferment - that permanent challenge by certain groups against the political power, in short a new democratic political culture. Strengthened by two major changes in the Senegalese society - a speeding-up of the process of people becoming more individual and a weakening of the impact of the brotherhood ndige͏̈l - the intensity of that "sopi atmosphere", carried mainly by the urban youth, appears as a factor that has speeded up the dynamics of the invention of politics in Senegal
Legros, Olivier. "Le gouvernement des quartiers populaires : production de l'espace et régulation politique dans les quartiers non réglementaires de Dakar (Sénégal) et de Tunis (Tunisie)." Phd thesis, Université François Rabelais - Tours, 2003. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00129096.
Full textJones, Alexei. "La dimension juridique de l'institutionnalisation de la participation de la société civile dans les politiques de développement : le cas du Sénégal." Nice, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008NICE0057.
Full textParticipation of civil society in development activities is widely recognised as a central element for poverty reduction and a pillar of governance. A major challenge today is to find ways of guaranteeing efficient, inclusive and sustainable participatory mechanisms. The institutionalisation of participation can address these requirements. This study aims to identify and discuss the measures that ought to be taken in this endeavour and focuses on the role of Law in the process of institutionalising participation. The study highlights the central role of the legal framework in fostering an enabling environment for participation, namely by guaranteeing rights, setting up spaces and defining rules for civic engagement. However, the legal dimension can only constitute one aspect of the institutionalisation process. Other elements such as the strengthening of capacities of both civil society actors and public authorities are equally important. Senegal constitutes the main case study of this analysis. Several initiatives have been taken in this country towards institutionalising participation in various spheres, including the PRSP process and the European cooperation policy, as well as national sectorial education and rural development policies
Marut, Jean-Claude. "La question de Casamance (Sénégal) : une analyse géopolitique." Paris 8, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999PA081573.
Full textRuaud, Juliette. "À la lisière du vote : socio-histoire de l'institution électorale dans le Sénégal colonial (années 1840-1960)." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/69063.
Full textÀ partir d'une collecte d'archives et d'entretiens, cette thèse propose de renouveler l'histoire de l'institution électorale au Sénégal durant la période coloniale. Ce travail affirme la double nécessité d'historiciser les phénomènes de circulation internationale et d'extraversion des normes et des dispositifs de vote, et d'élargir l'horizon géographique de la socio-histoire du vote pour tendre vers une histoire plus polycentrée. Revisiter le cas sénégalais, qui incarne le modèle triomphal de la diffusion des pratiques électorales depuis un centre européen, incite à questionner un récit de l'universalisation du vote individuel-majoritaire et secret qui serait d'office celui d'une victoire progressive. En nous détachant des conceptions les plus évidentes du vote et en analysant les catégories produites dans le contexte colonial, nous mettons au jour des pratiques jusque là négligées ou envisagées de manière cloisonnée : élections menées par les militaires lors de la conquête à partir des formes électives vernaculaires, pratiques locales de dévolution du pouvoir, dispositifs de participation et de délibération nés de la pratique administrative, élections dans les chefferies, élections séditieuses, etc. Seule la prise en compte de cette pluralité de pratiques et de procédures permet de comprendre la forme prise par l'institution électorale dans le pays et sa consolidation. Ceci, sans nous limiter à un inventaire, mais en passant de l'étude de l'acte de vote à celle d'un espace de pratiques. Nous défendons ainsi la nécessité d'une approche relationnelle, capable de montrer que l'institutionnalisation du vote s'est d'abord jouée à ses frontières. En nous situant successivement à l'échelle de la société coloniale et au plus proche de ces activités, nous montrons les influences réciproques qui existent entre les pratiques et les formes de concurrences, de différenciations et de requalifications à l'œuvre. Arpenter l'histoire du vote au Sénégal permet en retour d'interroger plus largement les temporalités et les rythmes de l'histoire de l'institution électorale et partant d'en proposer un récit moins linéaire.
Kandé, Mamoudou Alioune. "Le conflit casamançais, origines historiques et prolongements actuels." Thesis, Toulouse 1, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016TOU10051/document.
Full textThe turn of the century is marked by profound geopolitical upheavals. The fall of the Berlin Wall and the collapse of the Soviet Empire that led to the emergence of a unipolar world with the implementation of market economy and democracy as political governance system. This new era of international relations is accompanied by profound socio-economic and spatial changes. Thus, in the former colonies with the lack of a deterrent, we are seeing the resurgence of identity conflicts. Democratic demands and micro-nationalism ramping generate the implosion of state structures giving rise to intra-state conflicts. Senegal, renowned quiet country since the early 1980s faced a difficult political situation with the advent of independence demands of the movement of democratic forces of Casamance (MFDC)
Faye, Cheikh Faty. "La vie quotidienne a dakar de 1945 a 1960, approche d'une opinion publique." Paris 7, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991PA070001.
Full textDakar, small village founded by the lebou at the 18 th cantury is occupied since 1857 by the french. Its sedden rapid developpment in the military, demographic, economical plans etc. . . Shows that this town had beneficied earlyn because of common status of plein exercise since 1857 and created the kapital of colonial group of a. O. F. (western french africa) installed in the 20 th century. In the period bethween 1945-1960, europians like africans gave instituted in groups of stress more or less structured, on often racialist criteria ones and others utilizing, different levers, trying aither preserving or critisizing the system of domination. The daily life is essentially characterized by difficulties which appear in the housing, food, the healthy, the school, transporting the equity, the taxation etc. . . And which largely clarify the marginalization of autochtons. The political reforms started since 1956 validate a colonial continuity furm, in this context of balkanization
Keïta, Amadou. "L'opposition au Sénégal : Partis politiques et mouvements sociaux de 1974 à nos jours." Thesis, Perpignan, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PERP1235.
Full textHow could a partisan opposition establish itself in a political game marked by the one-party regime in such a way as to be a challenge by protest movements? At The confluence of the sociology of political parties and political mobilizations, this thesis is a study of the formation of the opposition through an analysis of activist and partisan opposition, as intended and maintained by presidential regimes from the 70s to today. This study has shown that the formation of the opposition activist identity is stamped with the model of political parties tied to the protest movements that marked the transformation of the regime as of the 80s. This identity increased after 2000 transformations with partisan competition from other identities that make their way into the political arena consisting of citizens, religious and youth movements. The commitment of the new entrants into the political arena with multiple identities (civic, intellectual and religious) upset the situation of the oppositional political parties. Are we witnessing a revival of opposition movements or do we have a crisis of partisan representation of the opposition? At the theoretical level, this work advocates the use of a sociological approach to the opposition to account for the protest logic of partisan and non-partisan actors that shape the political life and as indirect result, the transformation of Senegalese presidential regimes
Perthuis, de Laillevault François-Xavier de. "La perception de la pauvreté à Dakar (Sénégal) : entre approches théoriques et réalité observée." Paris, EHESS, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013EHES0044.
Full textThis thesis deals with the perception of poverty in Dakar (Senegal) through the development of adaptation strategies implemented in poverty context in the Senegalese capital. Considering the study of poverty in Senegal, researches are at the crossroads of economics, sociology and anthropology. To capture the economic and social manifestations of poverty, researches consider a multidisciplinary approach, combining economic and sociological approach, focusing on the analysis of poverty from the experiences of poor populations. The first part focuses on the dominant theoretical approaches in the analysis of poverty and their respective evolution from the 1950s to nowadays. Despite fundamental evolution of theoretical approaches, this part of the thesis demonstrates their limitations in the empirical understanding of poverty when the researcher chooses to analyze poverty from experiences of poor people. In a second part, research threat on the analysis of the evolution of empirical comprehension of poverty through successive development policies implemented in Senegal from the 1980s until 2012. This section describes the evolution of the main causes of poverty in neighborhoods that are subject of research. In a third part, based on experiences of poverty, analysis develops the main manifestations of poverty and strategies used by populations. Research underlines the evolution of strategies in poverty context through transformations of social net, diversification of resources and the evolution of the quality of social relationship. It appears that lack of capacity to elaborate adaptation strategies in poverty context is directly determinate by the quality of social relationship
Traoré, Ibrahima. "L'Etat de Droit dans les Républiques du Mali et du Sénégal." Thesis, Paris 10, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA100084/document.
Full textLegally constituted state remains a reality in Mali and Senegal Republics, a piece of evidence the recurrent organization of competition elections which results are accepted by the losers. This democratic participation proves the interest demonstrated by decentralization politics. The latter constitute the fast track at local development. In addition, the absence of ethnic or religious parties testifies the anchor of true democracy. This one is confirmed in the democratic interpellation space during debates. These forums receive invaluable civil society expertise. But, the jurisdictional control more contributes to the rule of law because it participates in the regulation of authorities activity, in the protection of civil liberties and personal freedom
N'Diaye, Sidi. "Le passé violent et la politique du repentir en Mauritanie : 1989-2012." Thesis, Paris 10, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA100127/document.
Full textCette thèse rend compte de la crise de 1989 en Mauritanie, de ses ressorts lointains et complexes, et du processus inabouti de sortie négociée d’un conflit longtemps recouvert du voile du déni et du silence. Au-delà d’une simple histoire événementielle, elle se propose de considérer les raisons, pour parler comme George Mosse, de la « brutalisation » de la société mauritanienne, la signification dont cette violence et son exacerbation était porteuse et la « politique de réconciliation » initiée par les gouvernements successifs après la chute du président Ould Taya en août 2005. Ce travail, qui est donc une écriture de l’histoire du passé violent et de ses voies d’extrication en Mauritanie, a supposé de notre part de répondre à deux impératifs : premièrement, comprendre le sens des événements, le comment et le pourquoi. Autrement dit, travailler, tout en les interrogeant, à la restitution objective des faits. Deuxièmement, évoquer ce qu’a été la politique de l’Etat mauritanien pour faire face à son histoire problématique, faite de tensions ethniques et sociales, et trouver une issue à la crise
Rebour, Lucien. "Le général Faidherbe et la naissance de l'Afrique occidentale française." Paris 4, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990PA040029.
Full textGeneral Faidherbe was one of the supporters of the enlargement of the french colonies. .
Adjati, Toussaint. "La papauté face à l'independance de l'Afrique : cas du Benin et du Senegal 1955-1965." Paris, EHESS, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013EHES0046.
Full textThe papacy did not remain on the sidelines of the African decolonization. Indeed, considering that people overseas are mature enough for independence, she has found, despite the fact that it is not politics, the courage to contribute to the advent of independence African it also supported by numerous direct and indirect actions of years virtually all economic and social policy areas and cultural. But today, 50 years later, look how she deals with this African independence
Leroy, Maya. "Gestion stratégique des écosystèmes dans un contexte d’aide internationale : engagements environnementaux et dispositifs de gestion dans la vallée du fleuve Sénégal." Paris, ENGREF, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004ENGR0022.
Full textIn three decades, international conventions have become a major tool for public action in the field of the environment. They offer the double promise of action that is broadly based on agreement and a strong commitment to collective responsibility. But what is the environmental effectiveness of these commitments? Are they followed by effects? The question arises for international conventions, as for all public, international, national or territorial environmental policies. In response, widespread today's approaches that see negotiation as coordination, cooperation or market principles are lacking. Normative evaluation frameworks are essential in this context, as well as the dimensions of power and strategy. In this perspective of strategic environmental management analysis, it is necessary to carry out fieldwork that clearly enlight the announcements of collective environmental responsibility in one hand and on the other, the concrete evolutions of the state of the environment the acts that cause them. In the case of the Senegal river valley, a vast floodplain of a river that crosses four states, we have analyzed several management measures put in place to take charge of the environment (the Mitigation and Monitoring Environmental Impacts Program of Senegal River Development -PASIE, Left Bank Management Plan and Planning -PDRG and Senegalese Environmental Planning: Regional Action Plan for the Environment -PRAE and the Regional Conservation Strategy Of Biodiversity - SRCB). It shows that they are far from taking care of the responsibilities to be assumed, particularly in the context of the Ramsar (wetlands) and biodiversity conventions. The thesis analyzes in depth the causes of this state of affairs. It identifies the consequences and replaces them in the broader picture of the long-term vicissitudes of development actions whose effectiveness and sustainability are highly questionable
Mourre, Martin. "De Thiaroye on aperçoit l’île de Gorée : histoire, anthropologie et mémoire d’un massacre colonial au Sénégal." Paris, EHESS, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014EHES0099.
Full textBy connecting history and anthropology, this thesis analyses the representations of the Thiaroye massacre, a repression of the tirailleurs sénégalais, Western African conscripts of the French army, in the Thiaroye camp on the outskirts of Dakar that took place on December 1st, 1944. First, it aims at documenting the event that, sixty years after, remains a controversial issue among the historians. Secondly, this thesis aims at analysing both the past and current use of this tragedy in different periods of time-scales. As a consequence, it helps to read the path of the post-colonial senegalese nation through the use of historical referents. This work dealing with the history of Thiaroye massacre is based on more than sixty interviews, the analysis of the works of art representing the event, different kind of archives (colonial sources and press journals published since 1945 until today), and the ethnographic investigation (for instance among the college students). The representation of the December 1st 1944 is currently one of the paradigms of the colonial memory in Senegal. By trying to describe the use of the past during more than sixty years, it is possible to consider the links between the dominant memory – official as well as unofficial – or the specific forms of remembrance and the role of this past in the some identity dynamics
Jézéquel, Jean-Hervé. "Les "mangeurs de craies" : socio-histoire d'une catégorie lettrée à l'époque coloniale : les instituteurs diplômés de l'école normale William-Ponty (c.1900-c.1960)." Paris, EHESS, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002EHES0080.
Full textThis research deals with the problematic emergence of the educated elite in French speaking West Africa. It focus on the teachers graduated from the William-Ponty school (Senegal) between 1903 and 1947. This thesis develops a prosopography of the 2,200 students and a micro history based on interviews conducted in West Africa. Its “constructivist approach” explores the dynamics and the tensions that come with the emergence of a new social group during the colonial period. The first part introduces a social History of schooling in West Africa. It explains the diversity and the heterogeneity of the “Pontins”. The second part articulates a sociology of the colonial domination with an History of the “dominated” tactics of evasion. The last part is a contribution to the political History of Decolonization. It describes the complex ways by which the Pontins constitutes the core of the new political elite in West Africa
Dramé, Papa El Hadji. "La France , le Sénégal et la défense de l'Afrique Occidentale Française de 1918 à 1940." Paris 4, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003PA040078.
Full textThe foundation of the Gouvernement Général de l'Afrique Occidentale Française in 1895 marked the beginning of the military, administrative, and political reorganization of the territories conquered by France in West Africa during the 19 th century. The colonial power became sovereign in these once African spaces. In the context of the interwar period, overshadowed by looming conflicts with other European powers, France designed a defensive plan in two facets for the African empire she sought to develop economically as well. First, the plan called for the " maintenance of order " in the interior by suppressing the insurrections, rebellions and dissent of a native population subject to a new administrative, social and economic order (taxes, forced labor, military conscription, etc. )Second, the plan sought to defend the empire, using methods. It first called for the recruitment of native troops (tirailleurs sénégalais) to protect the metropole, and then it organized resistance against potential aggression by Germany, Italy, Spain or even the joint anglo-gaullist coalition along the maritime and land borders of French West Africa. As a result, the naval base at Dakar, long neglected during the interwar period, witnessed a period of growth at the end of the 1930s that rendered it a strategic objective of the Second World War, as can be seen by the intensity of the Battle of Dakar (23-25 September 1940)
Mbodj, Hamady Hamidou. "L'organisation de la justice pénale en Afrique occidentale française : le cas du Sénégal de 1887 à l'aube des indépendances (1887-1960)." Thesis, Université Côte d'Azur (ComUE), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017AZUR0012/document.
Full textThe period going from 1887 to the independences (1960) allows us to approach the question of the justice in French West Africa by highlighting the transformation of rules and the exercise of the justice, as well as the meeting between the Western system and the local legal pluralism. In Senegal as in the other territories of the French West Africa, the legal and judicial evolution reveals the opposition between two trends: that of the assimilation and that of the adaptation. Within the framework of this confrontation, jurisdictions that are unknown in the mainland France are created in the colonies in order to remedy with the lack of staff and with the financial means of the jurisdictions. For these same reasons the collegiality remains very rare and the justice is often organized around only one judge who is in charge of the pursuit, the investigation and the judgement. The organisation of the native penal justice set up in 1903, practically meets with the will of keeping the native institutions. However, the desire of assimilation leads to achieve around it reforms which tend to weaken the native institutions
Moll, Maryse. "Filière céréalière et politique commerciale au Sénégal." Paris 10, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000PA100159.
Full textThe cereals policy launched by Senegal in 1985 was based on the privatization of cereals channels, with the exception of rice, which remained temporarily under public management. Ten years later, it did not seem likely to reach its goals (a higher degree of self sufficiency, an improvement of the rural income/urban income, a lesser external dependance). These goals seemed pertinent to food policy, but the means were questionnable. In the rainfed crops area, cereals producers, facing widely varying yields and prices, could not use price and profitability as a basis of decision. Instead, they seemed to give a priority to subsistence farming. Unsuited credit clauses hindered fertilization. As a result, the production showed no sign of increase. The rice channel was privatized after the devaluation of 1994. Unprotected, having to absorb the raise of inputs prices, its production went down in the next 3 years, and rice imports went up. As regards rice, the removal of the irrigated rice channel protection could be questionned, because of the large variations of rice international price, a dubious reference. A partial shift of local demand from imported rice to rainfed local cereals, particularly to millet, was possible but could not materialize because their production, while widely fluctuating, showed no sign of growth. A substitution of local to imported rice would've been easy, but it bumped against the local rice difficulties. The grain trade seemed to be generally competitive. In order to foster production and consumption of local cereals, some proposals could be made, among which : for peasants : an imput credit on a 3 or 4 years basis, with modulated repayment, a guarantee based on ground and regulating tax on imported rice ; a regulation of cereals prices, made by an organisation in charge of that mission of general interest, able to operate as a trader inside and outside the country, and keeping links with the grain processing industries ; a security stock
Payre, Renaud. "Ordre politique et gouvernement urbain." Habilitation à diriger des recherches, Université Lumière - Lyon II, 2008. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00286432.
Full textCe mémoire livre une telle discussion en s'appuyant sur des travaux empiriques menés sur la réforme municipale dans le premier vingtième siècle, la circulation des savoirs administratifs, la structuration des réseaux de villes et enfin les liens entre temporalité de l'action publique et temporalité de l'élection. Ces travaux conduisent tous à une discussion du modèle centre-périphérie. Les rapports centre-périphérie sont mis en question à la lumière non seulement de l'émergence d'un gouvernement des villes, mais aussi de la capacité de certains acteurs publics, des leaders, à agir et à peser sur les institutions.
Diallo, Mohamed Samba. "Politique des pêches et développement durable au Sénégal." Perpignan, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005PERP0590.
Full textThe phenomenon of the overexploitation of the halieutiques resources is particularly sensitive in Senegal. This State, for whom the fishing is of a big importance, seems resolute to adopt the prescriptions of the sustainable development the bet of which is to reconcile environmental protection and development to stop this evolution. This approach infers new principles of exploitation and new methods of fishing. Some constitute a upheaval with regard to what was known and imply a bigger consideration of the long term by the people in charge of the politics and a change of mentalities of the individual actors. The adoption of a durable politics can collide with two obstacles in Senegal: on one hand a will not enough asserted by the Senegalese State to give up a conception only productiviste of the exploitation of natural resources and on the other hand the possible hesitation of the professional actors concerning a change of approaches implying maybe the loss of vested interests. Our project is to study how the State which proclaims its support in the principles of the sustainable development arrive, if it reaches there, to integrate it duly into the politics. Exactly, we shall interest us in the contribution, in such a context, of the law which is essential; on one hand from a theoretical point of view to base the legitimacy of the new principles and on the other hand on a more practical plan in the implementation of the politics
Guirassy, Fodé Moussa. "La confrérie Mouride entre socialisme musulman et militantisme politique : histoire de la participation politique d'un mouvement religieux au Sénégal." Perpignan, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PERP0968.
Full textSince colonization, Senegalese brotherhoods movements politic participation, in particular the mouride one, have changed. That movements which have played an unquestionable role in Senegalese social and politic construction seem lose their politic prestige. Originally, their support to the government in spite of disciple’s contestation, as the change of government party show. We note today a new phenomenon in their politic participation: the militancy. From Muslim socialism at start of the brotherhoods in accordance with their doctrine, they progressively tip over into the politic militancy through their marabous, in particular the least influentials. This doctorate try then to demonstrate how from the religious socialism, the Senegalese brotherhoods are tripping over into the politic militancy. And how that politic militancy can constitute rubble for Senegalese politic processes and possibly a threat to the country democratic construction
Silla, Ibrahima. "Le fatalisme en politique : réflexions sur l'imaginaire des présomptions fatalistes dans la culture politique sénégalaise contemporaine." Lille 2, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003LIL20033.
Full textDramé, Mamadou. "Les arabisants au Sénégal (dans l'action sociale, culturelle, économique et politique - 1973-1998)." Paris 8, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003PA082258.
Full textCorrea, Patrice. "Légitimité sociopolitique des médias au Sénégal : stratégies des journalistes et des hommes politiques." Bordeaux 3, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010BOR30074.
Full textNiasse, Cheikh Baye. "Le processus de libéralisation de la vie politique au Sénégal : recherches sur les conséquences juridiques et politiques du retour au pluralisme politique intégral." Aix-Marseille 3, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010AIX32042.
Full textThe study of Senegalese political life’s liberalization through the analysis of legal and political consequences of a comeback to multiparty democracy looks like a hard if not an impossible task. Within the large movement of democratization that affected Francophone WestAfrica during the 1990’s in the socalled period of ‘democratic transition’, the Senegalese constitution maker took part in this movement, even though Senegal started earlier with multiparty democracy in 1974 through the acceptance of the first opposition party. The Senegalese democracy has been regarded as a model by foreign observers and, due to the scarcity of such examples on the African continent, it has been common to consider it as such. Accordingly, this status has been acknowledged by most of the studies dedicated to its analysis. Nevertheless, democratic claims have grown increasingly during the past few years. The current research can be regarded as a test on the real gap between the positive external evaluation and the existing internal democratic reality. The reinforcement and the deepening of political organization rules, the guarantee of independence regarding organs in charge of monitoring and supervising electoral processes, the redefinition of relationships between politics and finance on one hand, and between politics and religion on the other hand, the respect for an effective and concrete enforcement of rights and political freedoms are, according to this study, the new challenges that the Senegalese democracy will have to face to improve in future
Havard, Jean-François. "Bul faale ! : processus d'individualisation de la jeunesse et conditions d'émergence d'une "génération politique" au Sénégal." Lille 2, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005LIL20029.
Full textThe relations between politics and Senegal's youth have gone through a dramatic change since the late eighties. This phenomenon is due to the processes of individualisation and the reassessment of collective identities and it combines the structuring of generational ideal of emancipation embodied by the slogan " Bul faale " and the increasingly assertive " wolof-murid " identity model. The general questioning of a policy whose key-principles were deeply rooted in the " Senegalese social contract " - which itself had been reasserted in the wake of independence – Then made it possible for urban youth to develop a generational political consciousness and forms of mobilisation which were to play a decisive role during the political alternation in 2000. The " bul faale " generation was then to become a " political generation ". Nevertheless, these processes are also part and parcel of the unravelling of a harmonious pattern based on ethnic groups or brotherhoods, a system long regarded as an example
Fall, Fatma. "Médias et politique au Sénégal sous Wade ou l'ambiguïté d'une relation : Des médias "électeurs" aux médias "opposants"." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016USPCD024.
Full textThis research aims to be a thorough analysis of the Senegalese media system and its relations with the politics, particularly under President Abdoulaye Wade. Over the years, Senegal acquired the reputation to be a democratic country, because of its relative political stability, compared to the neighboring countries. However, in a context where the political communication knows an important development, the incidents between media and politics, have never been more exposed and discussed than under Wade, as well by Senegalese as by the international opinion. It’s thus interesting to wonder about the Senegalese media’s evolution, at the same time as the politics, in a context of significant changes. Therefore, a multidisciplinary approach is used in this research. It’s based as well on the information and communication sciences as on the political science and interactive sociology. Indeed, this research’s object, the media in this particular case, is situated between several disciplines, in which it’s necessary to lean on to analyze the practices, the relations between the actors and the representations. The chosen methodology is focused on a qualitative approach, mainly on semi-directive interviews, even if it’s completed by documentary analysis and observation. This thesis includes four parts with 12 chapters. The first one explained the reference frame’s choice, and the others analyzed the Senegalese politics-media history, before the presidential elections in 2000 and during twelve years of liberal government, the political and media environment in which operates the different actors, the worsening of their relations. It also aims to analyze various factors which question the legitimacy of press freedom in Senegal, and consequently the democratic image of this country in the eyes of the world
Mbaye, Souleymane. "Les politiques d'appui au "secteur informel" : changement social et contingences contextuelles, le cas du Sénégal." Paris 11, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001PA111014.
Full textDiagne, Soudou. "Conteneurisation et politique sénégalaise de maitrise du transport international de marchandises par voie maritime." Aix-Marseille 2, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987AIX24000.
Full textThis thesis consists in doing an economical analysis of the Senegalese policy of control his shipping transport of goods facing the containerization. Three hypotheses are examined. - the first one demonstrates the contradiction between the Senegalese policy to fit his economy in the international capital and his policy of control his shipping transport of goods. - the second one indicates that the containerization doesn't benefit to Senegalese economy. - the last one explains that the out of control situation requires internal and external actions vis-à-vis of the Senegalese economy. After presenting Senegal's geographical position and showing structure, orientation and balance of Senegalese foreign trade, the study begins by analysing how both foreign trade and technological change concepts are considered in the different theories of development. This theoretical approach is used as a foundation to define the control of international transport concept which is used after- ward for determining the obstacles to Senegalese policy in shipping international transport of goods. The containerization is designed as a phenomenon revealing the limits the aforesaid policy. Considering the international economic realities, the proposals consist only to fetch how to soften up the out of control situation. Three ideas are put forward : the review of the production's structure, the supervision of the auxiliary transport sector in shipping and the creation of an E. C. O. W. A. S. Ship line
Niang, Birahim Bouna. "Epargne, politique financière et développement économique : fondements analytiques et application au cas du Sénégal." Paris 10, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988PA100098.
Full textThe third world debt crisis points out the relevance of reflection about development finance strategy. The latter concerns the ways and means that enable the formation, the mobilization and the channeling of financial resources. Therefore it requires on the one hand a good knowledge of savings behavior which may take on particular characteristics in an open economy and the construction of an efficient financial organization on the other hand. Such a strategy can be deployed through monetary policy, budgetary policy and external debt. Thus, the problem of public decision-maker is to know how to articulate these different tools and how to achieve their optimal use. In a situation of uncertainty optimal external debt requires the respect of certain rules: mobilization of domestic resources, consistency between debt and repayment capacity, and allocation of the debt to productive purposes and improvement of investment productivity. The other means of development financial strategy rely on the internal financial structures. The characteristics of an under-developed economy justify the existence of a financial organization close to that of debt economy in which public powers play a major role in encouraging financial institutions and financial habits. The financial function of tax must be met well with an efficient collection and realist tax exemptions. The Senegalese case has been studied during the period of 1960-1982 in the light of this theatrical framework. The results of the study suggest the inefficiency of the strategy adopted which is marked by the appeal to external resources and a suboptimal use of the other financial tools. The rhythm and the allocation of capital accumulation have not been controlled and the financial dependence has become more important. The implications of this study are structural reforms that concern the franc area mechanisms and savings-investment process
Barry, Moustapha. "Médias et pouvoir au Sénégal depuis l'indépendance (1960)." Thesis, Paris 2, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA020010/document.
Full textThis work examines the relationship between media and authority in Senegal since the independence in 1960, after a historical review. The media and authority have had ambivalent relationships. Sometimes stable, sometimes conflicting. This relationship is related to the democratization process of the country that has not been linear. From 1856 to 1960, there were two distinguished cases: the four municipalities, that are Goree, Rufique, Saint-Louis and Dakar, where French law and the rest of the country native code were applied as law.. In the first case where the press freedom more or less exists, the political turmoil has led to the media emergence, particularly in partisan politics press. Under Leopold Sedar Senghor’s regime (1960-1980), the plural press inherited from the colonialism, gave a way to a monopoly media with the introduction of a single party. Even if few reckless people ventured to create newspapers, the multiparty decreed by President Abdou Diouf (1981-2000) led to a proliferation of the press. However, the turning point was the mid-1980’s, when the so-called independent press founded by journalists, appeared. Under Abdou Diouf regime, conflicts were noted between his regime and the media, although it was more or less moderate. Since 2000, under Abdoulaye Wade’ regime, the number of media has increased. Private television sprung. The new relationship between media and authority under Abdoulaye Wade’ reign, is that ihe is the one who confronted the media of his country. It is in this perspective that this work examines a new media landscape potential where the rules are clearly defined and respected. It is also proposed to promote a regional press emergence