Relevant bibliographies by topics / Pollination Biology

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers

Academic literature on the topic 'Pollination Biology'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 14 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Pollination Biology"

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Oriani, Aline, Paulo T. Sano, and Vera L. Scatena. "Pollination biology of Syngonanthus elegans (Eriocaulaceae - Poales)." Australian Journal of Botany 57, no. 2 (2009): 94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/bt08119.

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Studies on the pollination biology of Eriocaulaceae are scarce although particularly interesting because of its inclusion in the Poales, a predominantly wind-pollinated order. The pollination biology of Syngonanthus elegans (Bong.) Ruhland was studied during two annual flowering periods to test the hypothesis that insect pollination was its primary pollination system. A field study was carried out, including observations of the morphology and biology of the flowers, insect visits and pollinator behaviour. We also evaluated seed set, seed germination and seedling development for different pollination modes. Although seeds were produced by self-pollination, pollination by small insects contributed most effectively to the reproductive success of S. elegans, resulting in the greatest seed set, with the highest germination percentage and optimum seedling vigour. The floral resources used by flower visitors were pollen and nectar that was produced by staminate and pistillate flowers. Self-pollination played a minor role and its consequence was inbreeding depression.
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Reed, Sandra M. "Pollination Biology of Hydrangea macrophylla." HortScience 40, no. 2 (April 2005): 335–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.40.2.335.

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Little information is available on the reproductive behavior of Hydrangea macrophylla (Thunb. Ex J.A. Murr.) Ser. The objectives of this study were to investigate time of stigma receptivity, viability of pollen from sterile flowers, and self-incompatibility in this popular ornamental shrub. Pollen germination and pollen tube growth in styles were examined using fluorescence microscopy. Stigma receptivity was examined in cross-pollinations made from 1 day before anthesis to 8 days after anthesis. Maximum stigma receptivity for the two cultivars examined occurred from anthesis to 4 days after anthesis. Viability of pollen from sterile flowers was evaluated through pollen staining and observations of pollen tube growth. No significant difference in percent stainable pollen between fertile and sterile flowers was observed in any of the six taxa examined. Pollen germination and pollen tube growth were studied in cross-pollinations made using pollen from fertile and sterile flowers of two cultivars. For both cultivars, pollen tubes from fertile and sterile flowers grew to the same length and had entered ovules by 72 hours after pollination. Self-incompatibility was evaluated by comparing pollen germination and pollen tube growth in cross- and self-pollinations. In the five taxa examined, self pollen tubes were significantly shorter than cross pollen tubes in flowers that were examined 72 hours after pollination. This finding indicates the presence of a gametophytic self-incompatibility system in H. macrophylla.
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Macior, Lazarus Walter, and Leslie Real. "Pollination Biology." Bulletin of the Torrey Botanical Club 112, no. 2 (April 1985): 200. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2996420.

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Lack, A. J., and L. Real. "Pollination Biology." Journal of Ecology 73, no. 2 (July 1985): 720. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2260521.

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Jørgensen, S. E. "Pollination biology." Ecological Modelling 37, no. 3-4 (July 1987): 318–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0304-3800(87)90033-0.

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Giblin, David E., and Clement W. Hamilton. "The relationship of reproductive biology to the rarity of endemic Aster curtus (Asteraceae)." Canadian Journal of Botany 77, no. 1 (June 1, 1999): 140–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/b98-214.

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The fecundity of rare plants is a commonly used indicator of performance at the population or species level. However, accurately interpreting reproductive output requires an understanding of a particular species's breeding system. The purpose of this study was to determine if reproductive biology contributes to the restricted distribution of Aster curtus Cronq. We hypothesized that (i) A. curtus, like many Asteraceae species, is self-incompatible, and (ii) that pollinations between patches produce significantly more filled seeds than pollinations within patches. Fluorescent microscopy of pistils harvested after greenhouse pollination showed A. curtus to be partially self-compatible. Cross-pollination resulted in significantly more pollen grains per stigma and significantly greater pollen germination than self-pollination. Similarly, field pollination trials showed that between-patch crosses produced significantly more filled seeds than within-patch crosses. Nevertheless, within-patch pollinations produced substantial levels of filled seed. Results from the greenhouse and field trials suggest that the reproductive biology of A. curtus contributes little to its rarity. Understanding why A. curtus is rare has important implications to the conservation of the glacial outwash prairie. Moreover, the data from this research can be used in further developing predictive models for plant species rarity based on reproductive biology.Key words: Aster, endemic, Pacific Northwest, rarity, reproductive biology, self-incompatibility.
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Salas-Arcos, Lucía, Carlos Lara, and Juan Francisco Ornelas. "Reproductive biology and nectar secretion dynamics of Penstemon gentianoides (Plantaginaceae): a perennial herb with a mixed pollination system?" PeerJ 5 (August 9, 2017): e3636. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.3636.

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Background In many plant species, pollination syndromes predict the most effective pollinator. However, other floral visitors may also offer effective pollination services and promote mixed pollination systems. Several species of the species-rich Penstemon (Plantaginaceae) exhibit a suite of floral traits that suggest adaptation for pollination by both hymenopterans and hummingbirds. Transitions from the ancestral hymenopteran pollination syndrome to more derived hummingbird pollination syndrome may be promoted if the quantity or quality of visits by hummingbirds is increased and if the ancestral pollinator group performs less efficiently. The quantification of such shifts in pollination systems in the group is still limited. We aimed to investigate floral traits linked to this pollination syndrome in Penstemon gentianoides with flowers visited by bumblebees and hummingbirds. Methods We investigated the floral biology, pollinator assemblages, breeding system and nectar production patterns ofP. gentianoides inhabiting a temperate montane forest in central Mexico. Pollination experiments were also conducted to assess the pollinator effectiveness of bumblebees and hummingbirds. Results P. gentianoides flowers are protandrous, with 8-d male phase (staminate) flowers, followed by the ∼1–7 d female phase (pistillate phase). Flowers display traits associated with hymenopteran pollination, including purple flowers abruptly ampliate-ventricose to a broad throat with anthers and stigmas included, and long lifespans. However, the nectar available in the morning hours was abundant and dilute, traits linked to flowers with a hummingbird pollination syndrome. Two hummingbird species made most of the visits to flowers, Selasphorus platycercus (30.3% of all visits), followed by Archilochus colubris (11.3%). Bumblebees (Bombus ephippiatus, B. huntii and B. weisi) accounted for 51.8% of all recorded visits, but their foraging activity was restricted to the warmer hours. Hummingbirds made more foraging bouts and visited more flowers than hymenopteran species. Flowers experimentally pollinated by B. ephippiatus produced significantly more fruits than those pollinated by S. platycercus. However, there was no statistical difference in the number of seeds produced per fruit when a bumblebee or a hummingbird was the pollinator. Conclusions We have shown that bumblebees and hummingbirds visit and pollinate P. gentianoides flowers. Despite floral traits resembling the hymenoptera pollination syndrome, flowers of P. gentianoides offer characteristic nectar rewards to flowers with a hummingbird pollination syndrome. Although pollination efficiency is higher among flowers visited by hymenoptera, the noteworthy percentage of fruit production and number of seeds per fruit derived from hummingbird pollination highlights the importance of hummingbirds as a functional group of pollinators that might have potential evolutionary consequences to the plants.
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Zietsman, P. C. "Reproductive biology of Stomatium bolusiae (Aizoaceae: Ruschioideae)." Bothalia 43, no. 1 (January 13, 2013): 23–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/abc.v43i1.83.

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Flowers of Stomatium bolusiae are self-incompatible. The species exhibits crepuscular and nocturnal anthesis, exploiting two different pollination mechanisms. The structure of the hermaphroditic flower appears not to favour cross-pollination. The stigmata are never exposed to pollinating agents, which gain access to the floral rewards by forcing their way between the anthers. Clogging of the stigmatic surfaces by self-pollen is common. Nocturnal anthesis, concomitant with the nocturnal release of attractants and the offering of rewards, indicates that this species is primarily phalaenophilous and secondarily melittophilous, exhibiting a bimodal pollination system.
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Humeau, Laurence, Claire Micheneau, Hans Jacquemyn, Anne Gauvin-Bialecki, Jacques Fournel, and Thierry Pailler. "Sapromyiophily in the native orchid, Bulbophyllum variegatum, on Réunion (Mascarene Archipelago, Indian Ocean)." Journal of Tropical Ecology 27, no. 6 (September 30, 2011): 591–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0266467411000411.

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Abstract:Orchid species are well known for their highly specialized pollinator interactions. To better understand the reproductive biology of the tropical epiphytic orchid Bulbophyllum variegatum on Réunion, we investigated the floral morphology, breeding system, pollinator diversity, floral scent profile and fruiting success of about 30 individuals in three natural populations during two consecutive flowering seasons. Controlled hand-pollination experiments in two populations showed that the species is self-compatible, but requires pollinator service to achieve reproduction. Videotape pollinator observations were conducted during two flowering seasons for 56 h and revealed that B. variegatum is pollinated by a single species of fly from the Platystomatidae. This fly seems to be attracted by the unpleasant scent produced by the flowers, and does not receive any reward after achieving pollination. In addition, no egg-laying behaviour was observed. Bulbophyllum variegatum thus exhibits a typical sapromyiophilous pollination syndrome which constitutes the first proven case of sapromyiophily within the genus Bulbophyllum on the Mascarene Archipelago. Hand pollinations further showed that fruit set was not significantly higher for flowers that received outcross pollen than for those that were self-crossed (53% and 44% respectively). Fruit sets under natural conditions were significantly different among populations, ranging from 0.5% to 24.3%. This low fruit production is likely due to infrequent pollinator visits, particularly in disturbed forests where the pollinator has never been observed.
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Anders Nilsson, L. "Orchid pollination biology." Trends in Ecology & Evolution 7, no. 8 (August 1992): 255–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0169-5347(92)90170-g.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Pollination Biology"

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Policha, Tobias. "Pollination Biology of the Mushroom-Mimicking Orchid Genus Dracula." Thesis, University of Oregon, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/1794/18404.

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Dracula orchids are hypothesized to rely on mushroom mimicry for pollination. These orchids look and smell like mushrooms and are pollinated by mushroom-associated flies in the family Drosophilidae. Dracula includes over 130 species, representing a significant radiation, yet there has never been a systematic study of their pollination biology. Elucidating the processes and mechanisms of pollination in these flowers will broaden our understanding of mimicry within the Orchidaceae, a family well known for its diverse pollination strategies, as well as add to the growing literature on the evolution and maintenance of communication signals. In this study we demonstrate the co-occurrence of the mimics and the putative mushroom models, which is important for evolution by natural selection. We also showed that the resemblance to mushrooms is in fact adaptive, a requisite for floral mimicry. We did this by determining that insect visitors are required for pollination and subsequent fruit set with a hand pollination experiment. We also measured increased visitation rates to the orchids when adjacent to mushrooms. The mechanisms whereby plants attract pollinators can be diverse and often multi-modal, particularly in deceptive systems. Dracula orchids are no exception, with both visual and olfactory signals contributing to the overall success in attracting visitors. We used a series of experiments, first selectively masking the visual and olfactory cues successively, and then using 3D-printed artificial flowers to further disentangle these cues and determine their effect in combination. Upon confirmation that both play a role, we dissected each aspect further. We utilized the artificial flowers to determine the roles of color, contrast, and pattern and employed gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy to identify the volatile signals. The results show that fine-scale contrast is critical to the visual component and that these flowers produce the volatile `mushroom-alcohol' (1-octen-3-ol) in their labella. Finally, we specifically address the hypothesis of brood-site mimicry by using a combination of field observations, insect collections, and rearing studies. The flies gain shelter, a rendezvous location, and food from the flowers. However, no mushroom visiting flies hatched from the flowers, suggesting this may be a brood-site mimicry. This dissertation includes previously unpublished co-authored material.
2015-09-29
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Wolff, Doris Anne. "Pollination biology of gentianales in a southern Ecuadorian montane forest." [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2006. http://deposit.ddb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?idn=979001625.

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Bonner, Lynda J. "Pollination biology of Lycopersicon esculentum Mill. in summer and winter." Thesis, University of Reading, 1988. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.327822.

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Levin, Rachel Ann. "Relationships among fragrance, phylogeny and pollination in southwestern Nyctaginaceae." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/280128.

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Fragrances appear to act in conjunction with visual cues to attract specific pollinators. Besides the ecological influence of pollinator type on fragrance, as with many other attributes of organisms, phylogenetic history may also affect fragrance composition. In this dissertation I examine the quality and quantity of floral and vegetative fragrance, and explore the relationships among fragrance, pollinators, and phylogenetic history in the plant family Nyctaginaceae. Using DNA sequence data, I inferred phylogenetic relationships among and within the Nyctaginaceae genera Acleisanthes, Selinocarpus, and Mirabilis. There is a high incidence of hawkmoth pollination within these genera, in addition to multiple pollinator transitions. Results suggest that neither Acleisanthes nor Selinocarpus are monophyletic, but that together they comprise a monophyletic lineage. Because of this finding, I have taxonomically combined these two genera into a single genus. Analyses of floral and vegetative fragrance from Acleisanthes, Selinocarpus, and Mirabilis species included in the phylogenetic study show that each species has a unique fragrance profile. Further, although there is substantial variation among individuals within species, intraspecific variation is significantly lower than interspecific variation in fragrance profiles. Fragrances are composed of 5--108 different compounds from at least seven different biosynthetic classes. Some species produce most of their fragrance vegetatively, while floral emissions are the sole source of volatiles in other taxa. Results show that neither total amount of volatiles nor the amount of floral volatiles per mug floral tissue is correlated with pollinator type. However, the emission of nitrogen-bearing compounds appears to have been lost in those lineages that have also lost moth pollination, suggesting that the presence of nitrogen-bearing compounds may be important for moth attraction. Although the phylogenetic signal in the fragrance data is not entirely congruent with the signal in the DNA sequence data, certain compounds and biosynthetic pathways do support the independent phylogeny inferred using the DNA data. However, it is also clear that many compounds are highly homoplastic, yielding limited phylogenetic information. Overall results suggest that phylogenetic relationships rather than pollinator affinities are better predictors of fragrance composition among these Nyctaginaceae species.
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Halgryn, Petrus J. (Petrus Johannes). "Cross pollination biology of apples, with special reference to 'African Red'." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/51667.

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Thesis (MScAgric)--University of Stellenbosch, 2000.
ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Ineffective pollination of the main cultivar with the pollinator cultivar is due to either an incompatibility problem between the main and pollinator cultivar, or because the flowering times of the main and pollinator cultivars do not overlap adequately. Three trials were conducted to try and find a more effective way to determine cultivar compatibility and to group cultivars together according to their budburst reaction to chilling. Most apple cultivars are self-incompatible and need cross-pollination for fruit set. Due to differences in the genetically defined fertilisation compatibility between the pollen from the male parent (pollinator) and the egg cell of the female parent, various apple pollinators differ in their ability to set fruit with viable seed. Fruit weight and size are positively correlated with seed set although it has been found that the pollinator can have a direct influence on fruit quality. 'African Red' apple trees on M7 rootstock in an evaluation block on a commercial farm in the Koue Bokkeveld region (32°55'N 19°27'E, Mediterranean climate, ;::::1060Utah chill units, and ;::::530mm rainfall annually; altitude 966 m) were used to assess the influence of 5 pollinators ('Granny Smith', 'Winter Banana', 'Cripps' Pink', 'Cripps' Red' and 'Simpson Crab') on fruit set, fruit weight and length and diameter. The degree to which 'African Red' is self-compatible was also assessed and the effect of flowering position ("king" vs. lateral) on fruit quality was determined. None of the pollinators showed a significantly higher fruit set. No differences in fruit set were found between the "king" and lateral flowering positions. No significant differences were found in the average number or weight of well developed seeds between pollinators. In both years fruit weight was significantly correlated to seed number for all five pollinator cultivars. In 1998 'Simpson crab' gave fruit that were significantly more elongated than those of 'Cripps' Pink'. 'African Red' is highly self incompatible. Compatibility assessments that are based on the number of fruit that develop after the flowers ofthe main cultivar had been hand pollinated in field trials are a time-consuming process. Allele-specific PCR amplification for some of the known S-alleles of the incompatibility S-gene (S2, S3, S5, S7 and S9) was carried out to successfully predict the compatibility of genotypes. The results compared well with that found in literature. For all the Malus domestica cultivars tested at least one, but in some instances both alleles of the S-gene were determined. 'Simpson crab' (Malus baccata) did, however, not possess any of the tested S-alleles. One-year-old, ca. 40 mm long shoots of various apple cultivars were selected from commercial orchards in both the Elgin [34°S, 305 m, ca. 750 chill units (CU) (Richardson et al., 1974)] and Koue Bokkeveld (33°S, 945 m, ca. 1300 CU) regions of the Western Cape, South Africa in two consecutive years (1998 and 1999). Shoots were forced at a constant 25°C with continuous illumination after receiving their allocated chill units. The effect of chilling period on the budburst of each cultivar in both regions was estimated by determining, 1) the total proportion of budburst (%Bb), 2) the proportion of shoots with terminal budburst (%TBb), and 3) the rate of budburst [lI(days to 25% budburst)]. It was found that these indices differed significantly between cultivars, and within cultivars between areas, as far as budburst patterns, in reaction to chilling, were concerned. The rate of budburst was the most consistent in describing the reaction of buds to different chilling periods and could be used to group cultivars together according to their budburst reaction to chilling.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: KRUISBESTUIWINGSBIOLOGIE VAN APPELS MET SPESIALE VERWYSING NA 'AFRICAN RED'. Oneffektiewe kruisbestuiwing III die boord kan toegeskryf word aan Of onverenigbaarheid tussen die hoof- en bestuiwingskultivar Of as gevolg van die blomtyd van die kruisbestuiwer wat nie genoegsaam oorvleuel met die van die hoofkultivar nie. Drie proewe is uitgevoer om 'n meer effektiewe proses daar te stel vir die toets van kultivarverenigbaarheid en om kultivars te probeer groepeer na gelang van hul reaksie op bepaalde hoeveelhede koue. Meeste appelkultivars is selfonverenigbaar en benodig kruisbestuiwing vir genoegsame vrugset. As gevolg van verskille III die geneties gedefinieerde bevrugtingsverenigbaarheid tussen die stuifmeel van die manlike ouer (bestuiwer) en die eiersel van die vroulike ouer (hoofkultivar), verskil bestuiwers in hul vermoë om vrugte met sade te set. Vruggrootte en -massa is positief gekorreleerd met saadset alhoewel dit al gevind is dat die bestuiwer op sig self ook 'n invloed op vrugkwaliteit kan hê. 'African Red' appelbome op M7 onderstamme, in 'n evaluasie blok op 'n kommersiële plaas in die Koue Bokkeveld (32°55'N 19°27'E, Meditereense klimaat, ::::1060 Utah koue eenhede, en ::::530mmjaarlikse reënval; ligging 966 m), is gebruik om die invloed van 5 bestuiwers ('Granny Smith', 'Winter Banana', 'Cripps' Pink', 'Cripps' Red' and 'Simpson Crab') op vrugset, vrugmassa, -lengte en -deursnee oor twee seisoene te bepaal. Die mate waartoe 'African Red' self onverenigbaar is en die effek van blomposisie ("king" vs laterale blom) op vrugkwaliteit is ook bepaal. Geen een van die bestuiwers het vrugset beduidend beïnvloed nie. Ook is daar geen verskille gevind tussen die "king" en laterale blomposisies t.o.v. vrugset nie. Geen beduidende verskille is tussen bestuiwers gevind in die gemiddelde aantal of gewig van volsade geset nie .. In albei jare was die vrugmassa beduidend gekorreleerd met saadset vir al vyf bestuiwerkultivars. In 1998 het 'Simpson Crab' vrugte geset wat beduidend langer was as vrugte wat geset het toe 'Cripps' Pink' as bestuiwer gebruik is. Daar is ook gevind dat 'African Red' hoogs selfonverenigbaar is. Verenigbaarheidstoetse wat gebaseer is op die aantal vruggles wat ontwikkel nadat blomme van die hoofkultivar met die hand bestuif is, is 'n tydsame proses. Allele spesifieke PCR amplifikasie vir bekende S-allele van die onverenigbaarheids S-geen (S2, S3, S5 S7en S9) is suksesvol uitgevoer om die verenigbaarheid van genotipes vooraf te bepaal. Die resultate het goed vergelyk met wat in literatuur gevind is. Vir al die Malus domestica spesies wat getoets is, is ten minste een, en in sommige gevalle twee, van die S-allele gevind. Die blomappel 'Simpson' (Malus baccata) het egter nie een van die vyf S-allele opgelewer nie Een-jaar-oue, 40 mm lang lote van verskeie appelkultivars, is in twee opeenvolgende jare (1998 en 1999) vanuit kommersiële boorde in beide die Elgin [34°S, 305 m, ca. 750 koue eenhede (CU) (Richardson et al., 1974)] and Koue Bokkeveld (33°S, 945 m, ca. 1300 CU) areas van die Wes Kaap gsny. Die lote is geforseer om te bot by 'n konstante temperatuur van 25°C met deurlopende beligting, nadat elke groep lote aan 'n bepaalde hoeveelheid koue blootgestel is. Die effek van koue op bot van elke kultivar in beide areas is bepaal deur, 1) die totale persentasie knoppe wat gebot het, 2) die persentasie terminale knoppe wat gebot het, en 3) die tempo van bot [l/(dae tot 25% bot)] te meet. Daar is gevind dat bo-genoemde parameters beduidend tussen kultivars, en binne kultivars tussen areas, verskil. As 'n beskrywing van die reaksie van knoppe op koue het die tempo van bot die mees konstante resultate oor die twee opeenvolgende seisoene gelewer en kon hierdie parameter gebruik word om kultivars in groepe, na gelang van hul reaksie op koue, in te deel.
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Huda, Mohammed Kamrul. "Diversity, ecology, reproductive biology and conservation of orchids of south east Bangladesh." Thesis, University of Aberdeen, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.327403.

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Keys, Roy Nelson. "Mating systems and pollination biology of velvet mesquite (Prosopis velutina Wooten)." Diss., The University of Arizona, 1993. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/186195.

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Little is known of the genetics of multipurpose trees in the genus Prosopis. These studies, which examined mating systems and pollination biology of P. velutina Wooten, improved our understanding of genetic structure and gene flow in natural and artificial populations. There was no evidence for either male or female sterility, but early and later flowering trees could be functionally male and female, respectively. Pollen loads on stigmas of mature flowers were adequate for pod production, so low fruit:flower ratios in P. velutina were not attributed to inadequate pollination. Flowers were receptive to pollen prior to complete anthesis when only stigmas were exserted, a trait that will facilitate controlled pollination. Hand pollinations demonstrated that P. velutina was self-fertile. Lower pod production in selfs compared to outcrosses was attributed to genetic load. Multilocus estimates of mating systems parameters derived from data for 3 isozyme systems of 30 open-pollinated families revealed 20.7% selfing and 7.1% biparental inbreeding in mating in three natural populations. Implications of self-fertility and inbreeding were discussed in relation to breeding programs, and natural and artificial populations. Genetic subdivision was found within these populations, but not among them. This genetic structure was attributed to initial long-distance seed dispersal into grasslands by livestock, followed by short-distance seed dispersal from "nucleus" trees by livestock and wildlife. Twenty-six genera of insects foraged on the flowers. Small insects were effective pollinators of P. velutina, but nocturnal insects were not. The most efficient pollinators, based on pod production after single visits to inflorescences, were native leafcutter bees (Megachilidae), followed by Perdita spp., Apis mellifera, and Volucella spp. Insect behavior can affect plant mating systems by altering the relative amounts of selfing and outcrossing, and as pollinator guilds change through the flowering season. It was also found that individual trees can bear up to three cohorts of flowers during a growing season. These factors combine to make the mating systems of P. velutina more complicated than previously thought. Approaches for using insects in breeding and seed orchards were discussed.
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Boyd, Amy Elizabeth. "Evolution of floral traits: Biogeography, pollination biology and phylogenetics in Macromeria viridiflora." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/279781.

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Macromeria viridiflora is an herbaceous perennial in which floral traits vary geographically. In my dissertation research, I analyzed geographic variation in plant morphology and pollinator assemblages. I conducted experiments to determine the breeding system of the plants, and used visitation rate and pollen deposition to compare effectiveness of floral visitors as pollinators. I analyzed aspects of pollinator attractants and rewards in the flowers and placed this into the context of pollinator syndromes. In addition, I used phylogenetic analysis of the genus to determine polarity of change in corolla size within the species. Analysis of morphometric data from eight sites across the range of the species revealed significant among-population variation in vegetative and floral traits. Flower size variation is particularly strong and follows a latitudinal cline. Hawkmoths and hummingbirds were the main floral visitors throughout the range. The large-bodied hummingbirds visiting plants in the southern regions are not present in the northern regions, where flowers are visited by hummingbirds with barely half the body size and much shorter bills. This difference in bill size of hummingbird pollinators mirrors the geographic variation in flower size in M. viridiflora, suggesting that pollinator-mediated selection may be acting upon the species. Flowers of M. viridiflora have several characteristics that fit both the hummingbird and hawkmoth pollinator syndromes, namely copious sucrose-rich nectar and long floral tubes. However, they also have characteristics that correspond with a single major pollinator. This plant therefore presents a compromise floral syndrome that attracts two classes of pollinators. Breeding system studies showed that whereas plants are self-compatible and occasionally produce seed autogamously, pollinators are important for reproductive success in the plants. Combining visitation rate and pollen deposition as measures of pollinator effectiveness, hummingbirds were found to be the most effective pollinators at both sites. Phylogenetic analysis produced a single most parsimonious tree that supports the monophyly of the genus. Mapping of corolla size onto the phylogeny indicates that floral size has changed many times within the genus, and that very large corolla size in southern populations of Macromeria viridiflora has been derived from a smaller-flowered ancestor.
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Oliveira, Paulo Eugenio A. M. de. "The pollination and reproductive biology of a cerrado woody community in Brazil." Thesis, University of St Andrews, 1992. http://hdl.handle.net/10023/4657.

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The pollination biology and reproduction of a woody plant community of cerrado, the neotropical savanna vegetation in Brazil, was studied. A delimited area of relatively dense cerrado which included 59 woody species was studied from July 1988 to September 1989 in the Ecological Reserve area of Brasilia Botanic Garden. Aspects of the phenology, floral biology, breeding systems and fruit-set patterns were studied for the whole community or for a subsample of the species in the area. Some species, group of species or aspects of the reproductive biology of these plants were further analyzed in separate case history studies. The species in the community showed varied phenological behaviour with vegetative growth and reproduction distributed throughout the year. It seems that the phenology of adult individuals is, to a certain extent, independent of the markedly seasonal wet and dry climate of the area. Only the seedling establishment seems to be confined to a specific period at the beginning of the rains. Wind and animal dispersal mechanisms are partially constrained showing two different peaks but flowering phenology seems to be much more flexible and even for congeneric species flowering periods may differ markedly. The phenological strategy of each species seems to be a more or less independent assemblage of the possible options in each phenophase. The plants could be grouped in seven pollination guilds based on their main pollinators. These guilds were basically similar to the ones described for other tropical communities. Unspecialized flowers pollinated by small insects, including flies, wasps and small bees formed the most Common group. The more conspicuous and specialized flowers pollinated by medium to large, long-tongued bees formed the second most important group. Other characteristically tropical pollination systems such as bat and beetle pollination were also present. Hummingbird pollination was rare and wind and butterfly pollinated flowers were absent. The fauna of visitors, their foraging habits and possibly their seasonal segregation is similar to that described for Costa Rican seasonal forests, particularly in the case of the large bee fauna. No pollination system seems to be seasonally limited although a peak of large bee pollinated flowers, for example, could be identified at the onset of the rains. Breeding systems could be established for a sample of 22 species with different pollination systems, the majority (86%) of which presented self-incompatibility mechanisms. This sample and the frequency of dioecious species (15% of the total) permitted an estimate of 84% as the frequency of obligatory outcrossing species in the area. Such frequency is similar to those obtained for other lowland tropical forest communities and much higher than the estimates for altitudinal cloud forests in the tropics. Apomixis was present in two species in the community and is possibly present in another two, which indicate that, although rare, this may be an important phenomenon amongst the cerrado woody species. The site of the incompatibility reaction was studied for most of the self-incompatible species and a majority presented "lateacting self-incompatibility", with self-pollen tubes reaching the ovary or even penetrating the ovule. More "classical" self-pollen tube arrest in the style was also observed for some groups. Fruit-set was usually low but the data should be regarded with caution since they varied both spatially and temporally. Nevertheless, some differences between pollination system groups and relationships with breeding system are suggested by the results. The case history studies involved a self-incompatible shrub species, Yellozia squamata (Velloziaceae), which presented a distinct flowering phenology; a bat-pollinated tree, Hymenaea stigonocarpa (Leg. Caesalpinioideae), which presented 'late acting self-incompatibility'; another legume tree, Sclerolobium paniculatum, which present two varieties segregated ecologically but which were not clearly isolated reproductively; contrasting breeding systems, self-incompatibility and apomixis, in two cerrado Eriotheca spp. (Bombacaceae); six species of Vochysia (Vochysiaceae) which occur in different vegetation physiognomies in the Ecological Reserve of the Brasilia Botanic Garden but have very similar floral biology and outbreeding system; a study on some small "settling" moth pollinated species in the study area which have similar outbreeding systems as their large hawkmoth pollinated counterpart; and a general study on the occurrence of dioecy which is less important in cerrado areas than in the contiguous forest habitats. The breeding features emerging from this study support the idea of the cerrado vegetation as stable communities where biomass output is possibly limited by availability of nutrients and restrict establishment conditions, but not restricted by seasonality or disturbance in terms of opportunity and predictability for the reproductive process of the woody plants. If outbreeding systems are indicative of environmental stability, then cerrado conditions seems to be comparable to those in the lowland tropical forest.
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White, David C. J. "Maintaining deception in a rewarding landscape; the pollination biology of deceptive orchids." Thesis, University of East Anglia, 2010. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.527630.

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Books on the topic "Pollination Biology"

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Abrol, D. P. Pollination Biology. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-1942-2.

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Abrol, Dharam P. Pollination Biology, Vol.1. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-21085-8.

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Abrol, D. P. Pollination biology: Biodiversity conservation and agricultural production. Dordrecht: Springer, 2010.

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Argue, Charles L. The pollination biology of North American orchids. New York: Springer, 2012.

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Insects and flowers: The biology of a partnership. London: Allen & Unwin, 1985.

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Argue, Charles L. The Pollination Biology of North American Orchids: Volume 2. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-0622-8.

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Argue, Charles L. The Pollination Biology of North American Orchids: Volume 1. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-0592-4.

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Manning, John (John C.), author and South African National Biodiversity Institute, eds. Systematics and biology of the Cape genus Sparaxis (Iridaceae). Pretoria: SANBI, 2013.

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Dudareva, N. A. Biology of floral scent. Boca Raton, FL: Taylor & Francis, 2006.

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Insects and flowers: The biology of a partnership. Princeton, N.J: Princeton University Press, 1991.

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Book chapters on the topic "Pollination Biology"

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Abrol, Dharam P. "Pollination Biology." In Asiatic Honeybee Apis cerana, 509–74. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-6928-1_13.

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Abrol, Dharam P. "Pollination Energetics." In Pollination Biology, 459–78. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-1942-2_14.

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Abrol, Dharam P. "Safety of Pollinators." In Pollination Biology, 311–52. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-1942-2_10.

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Abrol, Dharam P. "Pollination in Cages." In Pollination Biology, 353–95. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-1942-2_11.

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Abrol, Dharam P. "Pollination for Hybrid Seed Production." In Pollination Biology, 397–411. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-1942-2_12.

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Abrol, Dharam P. "Biochemical Basis of Plant-Pollination Interaction." In Pollination Biology, 413–58. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-1942-2_13.

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Abrol, Dharam P. "Climate Change and Pollinators." In Pollination Biology, 479–508. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-1942-2_15.

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Abrol, Dharam P. "Pollinators as Bioindicators of Ecosystem Functioning." In Pollination Biology, 509–44. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-1942-2_16.

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Abrol, Dharam P. "Decline in Pollinators." In Pollination Biology, 545–601. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-1942-2_17.

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Abrol, Dharam P. "The Problem of Diseases in Bees." In Pollination Biology, 603–33. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-1942-2_18.

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Conference papers on the topic "Pollination Biology"

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Toivonen, Marjaana, Irina Herzon, Hanne Rajanen, Jenni Toikkanen, and Mikko Kuussaari. "Linking pollinator abundance in field margins to crop pollination service." In 5th European Congress of Conservation Biology. Jyväskylä: Jyvaskyla University Open Science Centre, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.17011/conference/eccb2018/107046.

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K B, Tharini. "Pollination biology of bitter gourd (Momordica charantiaL.)." In 2016 International Congress of Entomology. Entomological Society of America, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1603/ice.2016.112476.

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Smith, Henrik. "Scale-dependent mitigation of pollination – winners and losers." In 5th European Congress of Conservation Biology. Jyväskylä: Jyvaskyla University Open Science Centre, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.17011/conference/eccb2018/107371.

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Ray, Haleigh. "Pollination biology of two native orchid (Orchidaceae) species in south Florida." In 2016 International Congress of Entomology. Entomological Society of America, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1603/ice.2016.112169.

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Takasaki, Hirori. "ELONGATION OF SILIQUES WITHOUT POLLINATION 3 regulates ovule development in Arabidopsis." In ASPB PLANT BIOLOGY 2020. USA: ASPB, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.46678/pb.20.1052638.

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Mukherjee, Ronita, Rittik Deb, and M. Soubadra Devy. "Diversity matters: effect of density compensation in pollination service during rainfall shift." In 5th European Congress of Conservation Biology. Jyväskylä: Jyvaskyla University Open Science Centre, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.17011/conference/eccb2018/108076.

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Persson, Anna, Richard Fuller, and Henrik Smith. "Urban and rural pollinators and pollination – When is the city green enough?" In 5th European Congress of Conservation Biology. Jyväskylä: Jyvaskyla University Open Science Centre, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.17011/conference/eccb2018/107250.

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Wang, Ding-Kang, Shu-Hua Zhai, Bin Wang, and Gui-Fang Sun. "Floral structure and pollination in relation to fruit set in cynanchum otophyllum schneid." In 2011 IEEE International Conference on Systems Biology (ISB). IEEE, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/isb.2011.6033152.

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Remadevi, O. K. "Pollination biology and the role of insect pollinators in conservation of mangroves in west coast of India." In 2016 International Congress of Entomology. Entomological Society of America, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1603/ice.2016.105586.

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Clough, Yann. "CANCELLED: From policy to pollination: using mechanistic models to assess policy alternatives and management interventions on insect-mediated ecosystem services." In 5th European Congress of Conservation Biology. Jyväskylä: Jyvaskyla University Open Science Centre, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.17011/conference/eccb2018/107666.

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