Academic literature on the topic 'Polluants organiques – Absorption et adsorption'
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Journal articles on the topic "Polluants organiques – Absorption et adsorption"
Guiza, Sami, and Mohamed Bagane. "Étude cinétique de l’adsorption du rouge de Congo sur une bentonite." Revue des sciences de l’eau 26, no. 1 (March 18, 2013): 39–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/1014918ar.
Full textTrebouet, D., A. Berland, J. P. Schlumpf, P. Jaouen, and F. Quemeneur. "Traitement de lixiviats stabilisés de décharge par des membranes de nanofiltration." Revue des sciences de l'eau 11, no. 3 (April 12, 2005): 365–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/705312ar.
Full textDissertations / Theses on the topic "Polluants organiques – Absorption et adsorption"
Elmanfe, Galal. "Coadsorption de polluants organiques et de métaux lourds : analyse fondamentale d'un mécanisme de physisorption." Brest, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009BRES2013.
Full textThis study was aimed at evidencing the role of non-reactive interactions between ions and organic molecules in the primary adsorption mechanism, constituted by physi-sorption. The chosen conditions allow one, however, to roughly simulate some environniental situations where silica suspensions, e. G. Grains of sand, can exchange adsorbed pollutants with interstitial waters in sous or within a water sheet. Experiments were made on silica suspensions with, at first, lead nitrate and carbofuran solutions, then lead nitrate and naphthalene solutions and finally naphthalene and carbofuransolutions. One should note that the adsorption of one of the components is usually favoured by the presence of the other one and conversely. However, the water lying at the silica surface leads to non-straightforward effects: organic molecules have a far much lower affinity with this interface than with the water/air interface. Addition of a second organic molecule, i. E. Carbofuran, to the lead nitrate-naphthalene mixture apparently induced no drastic change in the position or richness of the naphthalene layer; on the other hand, carbofuran adsorption was greater than previously, and ionic adsorption was strongly enhanced. A rough application of the fundamental ideas developed in the Wagner-Onsager-Samaras model to these interfaces showed that electrostatic effects are responsible for this greater ionic adsorption and suggested that the structure of the inner organic double layer plays a major role in this result
Lalanne, Franck. "Etude des potentialités du lavage biologique pour le traitement d'un mélange complexe de composés organiques volatils." Pau, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006PAUU3018.
Full textThe objective of this work is to study the potential of a semi-industrial pilot bioscrubber for the treatment of a complex mixture of Volatile Organic Compounds (VOC). Its originality lies in the complexity of the treated mixture, which contains eleven pollutants of various chemical nature (esters, ketones, alcohol, aromatic and chlorinated compounds). Initially, the pilot unit was equipped with a packed column. The tests showed that, in terms of elimination of the compounds, there is an improvement of the abatement of poorly soluble componunds when they are mixed with hydrophilic compounds. In terms of microflore adaptation, it was shown that the elimination of VOC's by micro-organisms would be induced by the accumulation of these compounds in the aqueous phase. Attaining of a value threshold (70-80 mg/l water) would be necessary to start the biological breakdown of these compounds. In the stationary state, the compounds transferred in the aqueous phase are eliminated by the microflore. The scrubbing liquid is consequently regenerated before its return at the head of column and the percentage of abatement is thus comparable to the percentage of elimination of the compounds. Moreover, the disturbance generated by the increase of the pollutant load is transitory, because a new stationary state emerged. Nevertheless, it was possible to approximate the operational limits of the system: the liquid/gas mass transfer of the hydrophobic compounds and the clogging of the column after twenty weeks of use. To overcome these problems, the packed column was replaced by a spraying column. The results showed that the percentages of elimination were the same. The use of the spraying column freed the system from the clogging. However, the operational limit of the pilot unit remains the liquid/gas mass transfer of the hydrophobic compounds. To optimize this transfer, a second dispersed liquid phase was used. Preliminary tests were carried out on an absorption assembly. An improvement of the transfer in the liquid phase for the aromatic compounds was shown. The transposition on the semi-industrial pilot demonstrated a clear improvement of the percentages of abatement of these compounds
Meroufel, Bahia. "Adsorption des polluants organiques et inorganiques sur des substances naturelles : Kaolin, racines de Calotropis procera et noyaux de dattes." Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015LORR0289/document.
Full textThe first aim of the studies presented in this thesis is to characterize a kaolin clay deposit in south-western Algerian region which has never been exploited, to improve the surface properties of the clay due to changes made by coating with an amino silane (APTES) or cationic exchange with a surfactant (CTAB), which allowed us to develop the active sites on the surface of this material. The prepared materials were characterized by XRD, TGA, FTIR and SEM. Two other vegetable materials of great abundance in the southwest Algerian who are the roots of the plant Calotropis Procera and Feggous date stones are also characterized. The second aim of this study is the application of these materials in removing different kinds of pollutants in aqueous solutions: heavy metals (Zn (II) and Mn (II)) and anionic and cationic synthetic dyes (Congo red and Purple gentian) to the effectiveness demonstration of the clay and vegetable materials to adsorb these pollutants. The study of adsorption is to discuss the effects of contact time, pH and initial concentration of the solute using a batch adsorption technique. The effect of temperature has achieved a thermodynamic study to define the nature of adsorption phenomena. In addition, different kinetic models (first and second order) and adsorption isotherms (Langmuir and Freundlich) are used to assess the ability of clay materials (K08, KC and KS) and vegetable materials (CP and ND) to adsorb such organic and inorganic pollutants. The natural clay (K08) showed good affinity towards all pollutants with remarkable adsorption capacity, this capacity has evolved considerably by modifications. The modified kaolin (KS) proves the best adsorbent for these types of pollutants (heavy metals and synthetic dyes). The roots of CP have a very good affinity for heavy metals, while the date stones give more remarkable results for biosorption dyes
Marcic, Christophe. "Evaluation du transfert des polluants organostatiques dans le système sol-plante à partir de l'épandage de boue de station d'épuration." Pau, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005PAUU3027.
Full textGuedidi, Hanen. "Préparation et modification de carbones activés pour l'adsorption de polluants organiques émergents : molécules pharmaceutiques et liquides ioniques." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015GREAA003/document.
Full textIn this work, two activated carbons (granular AC and fabric T0) were modified either by chemical treatment (H2O2, NaOCl and thermal treatment under N2) or by ultrasonic irradiation at 20 kHz or 500 kHz in different solvents (UHQ water, H2O2 and HCOOH). The raw and modified materials were characterized by different methods. We studied the ibuprofen (IBP) adsorption at different pH and temperatures. The adsorption of IBP by (AC or T0) was an endothermic process at pH 3. Oxidation with NaOCl creates phenol groups that led to a decrease of the adsorption uptake while oxidation by H2O2 increases the carbonyl group content and carboxyl that induce an increase in the adsorption of IBP. The ultrasonic treatment of AC increases the adsorption capacity of ibuprofen in comparison with the raw AC. The adsorption of the two ionic liquids (LI1 : the 4(tert-butyl)-1propylpyridinium bromide and LI2 : 4(tert-butyl)-1(2-carboxy-ethyl)pyridinium bromide ) onto T0 was found much faster than the adsorption kinetic of IBP at pH 7.5. The competitive adsorption of mixture of IBP and the two ionic liquids showed that IBP is the most adsorbed by T0
Diboune, Mathieu. "Elaboration de peintures zéolithiques pour la décontamination moléculaire en orbite." Thesis, Mulhouse, 2021. https://www.learning-center.uha.fr/.
Full textThe phenomenon of on-orbit molecular contamination is one of the major issues encountered by the space industry. Indeed, when satellites are placed in orbit, organic molecules contained in coatings, adhesives or glues used in the conception of satellites can degas and thus form films or droplets by depositing themselves on sensitive surfaces such as optical and electronic instruments or thermal control surfaces. This contamination leads to a drastic decrease of on-board equipment performance. Hydrocarbons as well as plasticizers have been identified as major contaminants. Among several porous materials tested for the adsorption of these organic pollutants, zeolites were found to be the most efficient due to their ability to trap organic molecules at a very low concentration in space conditions. The synthesis of zeolites generally leads to powders that would themselves be a source of particulate contamination, therefore a shaping of these zeolites appears to be necessary. Pellets, beads and zeolite films were developed in previous projects, but these processes have some disadvantages such as the addition of additional equipment to insert pellets into the structure of satellites, poor mechanical properties of beads or the small quantity of zeolite involved in the case of films and the difficulty of applying them to large surfaces. That is why, zeolite coatings were selected because they can be applied directly to the internal surface of satellites. The main goal of this project is to develop zeolite coatings that adhere to the surface elements of satellites, that are mechanically stable (shocks and vibrations undergone by satellites, temperature gradients) and that can trap organic pollutants. FAU-type (hydrophilic) and MFI-type (hydrophobic)zeolites were used in combination with silicone resins as binders in order to develop zeolite coatings that can that can fulfill spatial requirements. These zeolite coatings showed good adhesion properties (adhesion note of 0 according the ISO 2409 standard) as well as good mechanical and thermal stability under conditions encountered in orbit. Zeolite coatings porosity remain mostly accessible despite the use of a binder and good n-hexane adsorption capacities were obtained. Different quantities of black pigment (bone char or carbon black) were also added to some zeolite coatings to develop black zeolite coatings with the aim of absorbing light in order to respond to another phenomenon responsible of optial equipment contamination: stray light
Yonli, Arsène Hampougouni. "Caractérisation et ajustement de l'hydrophobicité de divers solides poreux : application à l'élimination de polluants organiques." Poitiers, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005POIT2353.
Full textHydrophobic silica and zeolites found numerous applications in separation technologies. They are going to replace activated carbon because of their interesting regeneration properties. Their adsorptive properties are linked to their Hydrophobicity index defined by Weitkamp. Many parameters play a key role in the values of Hydrophobicity indexes. In the case of zeolites, parameters such as the partial pressure of sorbates, their acidity, their crystallite sizes, the presence of structural defects and EFAl species in the structure. . . Determine the strength of the hydrophobic character. In the case of mesoporous silica, the silylation level is the main parameter determining the hydrophobic character. Phenol removal in aqueous solutions is efficient on hydrophobic zeolites and silylated silica. Chlorobenzene removal is efficient on the most acidic supports. This removal is improved on silylated mesoporous silicas
Hazourli, Sabir. "Adsorption et électrosorption de composés organiques sur charbon actif en grains." Pau, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991PAUU3006.
Full textMocho, Pierre. "Adsorption de composés organiques volatils sur charbon actif : régénération in situ du charbon par chauffage par induction électromagnétique." Pau, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994PAUU3015.
Full textKrou, N’guessan Joachim. "Etude expérimentale et modélisation d'un procédé séquentiel AD-OX d'élimination de polluants organiques." Thesis, Toulouse, INPT, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010INPT0013/document.
Full textThis study aims to design, implement and model a small fixed bed reactor so that to perform a large number of consecutive Adsorption- Xidation cycles over Activated Carbon (AC) for water treatment. The evolution of the adsorption capacity of various activated carbons (commercial and issued from sewage sludges) is investigated during the cycles treating different wastewaters: model (phenol), dye (tartrazine) and industrial effluent. The measurement of the adsorption and oxidation performances has allowed to precise the features of the AD-OX process. The activated carbon has lost most of its adsorption capacity (80%) after the first oxidative regeneration. This conclusion can be drawn for all experiments (with very different activated carbons and also different pollutants): the adsorptive and catalytic properties of the carbons are very much reduced during the first oxidation, but then remain rather stable over the subsequent cycles. Physico-chemical characterisation of fresh and aged activated carbons helps to better understand this phenomenon: BET surface area, porosity, thermogravimetry analysis, global chemical composition (CHNSO, EDX, ICP/AES), surface functional groups, pH at the point of zero charge ... The loss of adsorption capacity seems mainly to result from the chemisorption of oligomers, poorly oxidized and that significantly reduce the microporosity. To better interpret these experiments, numerical simulations are also described in this study. Breakthrough curves of phenol adsorption have been simulated first for fresh commercial activated carbon, showing the dominating role of surface diffusion, then for aged carbon. Finally, a model has been developed to describe the batch catalytic oxidation step when AC activity is stabilized, that fits the experimental data satisfactorily without any parameter adjustment
Book chapters on the topic "Polluants organiques – Absorption et adsorption"
"Annexe 2 Absorption et distribution tissulaire des polluants organiques et métalliques." In Contamination des sols, 133–46. EDP Sciences, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/978-2-7598-0260-9-011.
Full text"Annexe 2 Absorption et distribution tissulaire des polluants organiques et métalliques." In Contamination des sols, 133–46. EDP Sciences, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/978-2-7598-0260-9.c011.
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