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Academic literature on the topic 'Pollution agricole – Mesure'
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Journal articles on the topic "Pollution agricole – Mesure"
Harper, P. P., and L. Cloutier. "Effets de travaux de curage sur la faune benthique d'un cours d'eau d'une région agricole du Québec." Revue des sciences de l'eau 4, no. 2 (April 12, 2005): 143–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/705094ar.
Full textAbiola, F. A., and P. Cissé. "Mesure des cholinestérases chez Tilapia nilotica avant et après une campagne agricole au Sénégal." Revue d’élevage et de médecine vétérinaire des pays tropicaux 43, no. 4 (April 1, 1990): 515–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.19182/remvt.8781.
Full textSimonyi-Poirier, M., R. R. Goulet, and F. R. Pick. "Évaluation de la capacité de rétention des métaux dissous d'un marais artificiel en utilisant le périphyton et le gastéropode Helisoma trivolvis." Revue des sciences de l'eau 16, no. 2 (April 12, 2005): 237–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/705506ar.
Full textAghzar, N., H. Berdai, A. Bellouti, and B. Soudi. "Pollution nitrique des eaux souterraines au Tadla (Maroc)." Revue des sciences de l'eau 15, no. 2 (April 12, 2005): 459–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/705465ar.
Full textMIGNOLET, C., M. BENOIT, and D. SAINTOT. "Systèmes d’élevage et risque de pollution azotée. Construction d’un indicateur de risque et application dans la plaine des Vosges." INRAE Productions Animales 10, no. 4 (October 8, 1997): 275–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.20870/productions-animales.1997.10.4.4002.
Full textRousseau, A. N., A. Mailhot, S. Gariépy, E. Salvano, and J. P. Villeneuve. "Calcul de probabilités de dépassement d'objectifs environnementaux de rejets de sources ponctuelle et diffuse à l'aide du système de modélisation intégrée GIBSI." Revue des sciences de l'eau 15 (April 12, 2005): 121–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/705490ar.
Full textBuysse, Jeroen, Kamel Elouhichi, Bruno Fernagut, Frédéric Gaspart, Olivier Harmignie, Bruno Henry de Frahan, Ludwig Lauwers, Philippe Polomé, and Guido Van Huylenbroeck. "Numéro 19 - février 2004." Regards économiques, October 12, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.14428/regardseco.v1i0.16103.
Full textBuysse, Jeroen, Kamel Elouhichi, Bruno Fernagut, Frédéric Gaspart, Olivier Harmignie, Bruno Henry de Frahan, Ludwig Lauwers, Philippe Polomé, and Guido Van Huylenbroeck. "Numéro 19 - février 2004." Regards économiques, October 12, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.14428/regardseco2004.02.01.
Full textHassouna, Mélynda, Thomas Eglin, and Paul Robin. "Mesurer les émissions de gaz liées aux activités agricoles : des méthodes et des enjeux à raccorder." Pollution atmosphérique, N°229 - 230 (2016). http://dx.doi.org/10.4267/pollution-atmospherique.5623.
Full textDissertations / Theses on the topic "Pollution agricole – Mesure"
Chartrand, Jonathan. "Comparaison de méthodes d'estimation pour le calcul de la charge en nitrate à l'exutoire de petits bassins versants en milieu agricole." Thesis, Université Laval, 2008. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2008/25860/25860.pdf.
Full textPaegelow, Martin. "Systeme d'information geographique et gestion de l'environnement application a l'etude des sols et de la pollution par les nitrates d'origine agricole en bassin-versant experimental." Toulouse 2, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991TOU20021.
Full textNitrogen pollution in agriculture is studied in the scope of an hydrological basin (330 ha, gers, france) which is caracterized by an intensive agriculture and very diversified heavy molassic soils. A localized database (physical-geographic and agronomic parameters) and a custom software developped in the scope of geographic information systems handling the database are created. On this bases, a geostatistic method generates representative areas where pedological prospection takes place. Besides the caracterization of the principal soil facets, variography optimizes distances between soil sampling points and pedological observations are extrapolated to the whole basin. The study about nitrogen dynamics is taken up at three scale: at the scale of the entire basin, at the scale of elementary basins (comparative analysis) and finally at the scale of sensitive areas where measurement series by porous ceramic cups confirm the supposition achieved from the comparative analysis of the elementary basins that the level of nitrogen pollution is related to the agronomic or landscape features. High risk areas are identified and a package of simple localized antipollution measures are suggested and in part applied
Passeport, Elodie. "Efficacité d'une zone humide artificielle et d'une zone tampon forestière pour dissiper la pollution par les pesticides dans un bassin versant agricole drainé." Phd thesis, AgroParisTech, 2010. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00542351.
Full textCorgne, Samuel. "Modélisation prédictive de l'occupation des sols en contexte agricole intensif : application à la couverture hivernale des sols en Bretagne." Rennes 2, 2004. https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/halshs-00005478.
Full textIn intensive agricultural regions, winter vegetation covering is a key indicator of water transfer processes. Its prediction can help local decision making for restoring water quality. The objective of this work is to develop a reproducible method to predict the land cover distribution for the following winter season for the two hypotheses "Bare soils" and "Covered soils". The selected modelling approach is based on an expert model using the Dempster-Shafer rule. Results are ambivalent according to the studied hypothesis. The prediction scores are good at the watershed scale but present limits for allocating the land class at a field scale, especially for the "Bare soils" class. The Dezert-Smarandache theory is then applied and increases the prediction scores for the "Bare soils" class. The reproductibility of the modelling approach is then evaluated in applying the model on another study site. The "Bare soils" class remains well evaluated with both fusion rules, but the spatial allocation of the land class at a field scale is still not well managed, that indicates the need to integrate new sources of information in the model to better predict the future land allocation
Gravel, Christian. "Impact des pressions agricoles sur la qualité de l'eau des réseaux d'aqueducs municipaux du Québec alimentés en eau souterraine." Thesis, Université Laval, 2006. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2006/23654/23654.pdf.
Full textLaurent, Céline. "Biodisponibilité du cuivre et du zinc pour les plantes et les vers de terre : interactions entre les effets de fertilisants organiques sur le long-terme et des organismes sur l'évolution des propriétés physico-chimiques du sol." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019SACLA034.
Full textThe agronomic valorization of organic fertilizers (OF) is one of the main source contamination of agricultural soils in trace elements. This is particularly significant for copper (Cu) and zinc (Zn) for which the ecotoxicity and more generally their impact on soil fertility on the long-term is a matter of concerns. The scientific literature of the two last decades did not enable to state clearly whether Cu and Zn bioavailability for soil organisms will be impacted by OF application. Indeed, previous studies did not take into account the modifications of Cu and Zn availability in soils induced by (i) pH and organic matter (OM) temporal evolution observed with OF application and (ii) organism activities in the soil they can bio-influence. My PhD work thus aimed at assessing the respective effects of soil contamination, soil pH and OM evolution and key soil organisms (i.e. plants and earthworms) in the bio-influenced volume of soil, on Cu and Zn bioavailability for these organisms in the context of OF applications.This work was based on soils sampled from field trials in Réunion and amended for a decade with mineral or organic fertilizers, or never fertilized. The evolution of pH, concentration and aromaticity of dissolved organic matter (DOM), and Cu and Zn availability (i.e. totale concentration and free ionic activity) was measured in soil solutions of the non-bio-influenced soils and the soil bio-influenced by the activities of either plant roots (i.e. rhizosphere) or earthworm bioturbation (i.e. drilosphere). Copper and Zn bioavailability was assessed by the measurement of Cu and Zn concentration in a tropical epi-endogeic earthworm species (Dichogaster saliens) and a temperate plant species (Festuca arundinacea, fescue) exposed to soils in mesocosms under laboratory conditions.In the absence of bio-influence, OF application did not only increase the level of Cu and Zn contamination in soils, but also pH and the concentration and aromaticity of DOM in soil solutions. Total Cu concentration in soil solution increased in soils amended with OF proportionally to DOM concentration while Cu2+ activity decreased mainly proportionally to pH increase, which resulted in a similar Cu availability between soils amended with OF or not. Due to the lower affinity of Zn for DOM, total Zn concentration and Zn2+ activity decreased in soils with OF application proportionally to pH increase, which resulted in Zn availability equal or lower in soils amended with OF than in non-amended soils. Thus, the modification of pH and DOM seems to regulate Cu and Zn availability in non-bio-influenced soils by exerting a protective effect that counteracts Cu and Zn contamination.Under the influence of earthworms or plants, the variation range of pH and DOM concentration was reduced regardless of fertilization type in bio-influenced soils compared to non-bio-influenced soils. In the drilosphere, this resulted in a similar effect of OF application on Cu and Zn availability but in a lesser extent than the effect of OF application in non-bio-influenced soils. In the rhizosphere, the intense root activities resulted in the absence of OF effect on Cu and Zn availability. The combination of the protective effects induced by OF application and organism activity explained why Cu and Zn bioavailability for earthworms and plants did not increase with OF application for a decade despite Cu and Zn contamination in soil
Nouri, Bahia. "Dosage des pesticides dans l'eau : mise au point et application des méthodes de dosage par extraction liquide-solide et analyse par chromatographie en phase liquide et en phase gazeuse." Montpellier 1, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997MON13501.
Full textNetto, André Maciel. "Transfert d'eau et de solutés dans un sol agricole hétérogène : analyse de différents types de mesures, de la variabilité spatiale et modélisation monodimensionnelle." Phd thesis, Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 1998. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00801928.
Full textCausse, Jean. "Temporalité des transferts de nutriments dans les bassins versants à algues vertes." Thesis, Rennes 1, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015REN1B012/document.
Full textIn Brittany (Western France), "green tides" are recurrent since the early 70s and have an important place in public debate in health, political and economic terms. In this thesis, a wide bibliographic review was performed on the export of nitrogen, and an innovative methodology has been set up to study the spatial and temporal variability of nutrient export in two coastal watersheds on an intra-annual basis and during extreme events (rainfall events, tourist periods of low water, ...). Watersheds selected for the field experiments are Ic and Frémur (Côtes d'Armor). 3 types of experiments were performed on these watersheds: 1) Campaigns of grab samples by dry and wet weather (32 stations, 27 campaigns); 2) automatic sampling during floods (3 stations, 8 floods); and 3) high frequency measurement (2 stations, continuous). Conventional hydrological and physicochemical parameters, suspended solids, UV spectra and all forms of macronutrients (carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus) were analyzed during these experiments. The results confirm in part a number of results of the literature. Furthermore, it highlights the relationship carbon / nitrates far little studied at different spatial and temporal scales and during rainfall events, which however seems to be crucial in understanding of nitrate export. Finally, the analysis of all forms of nutrients reveals the importance of particulate forms from soil erosion. These results raise many research questions that merit further development in order to improve knowledge on nutrient transfers in watersheds and prioritize remediation actions. The prospects of this work are both scientific and practical. At the scientific level, research efforts on the relationship carbon / nitrate and identification of the assimilable fraction of organic carbon by denitrifying organisms must be continued. Similarly, the knowledge on nutrient export must be improved through the precise identification of particulate nutrient sources during the spring floods. On a practical level, it should contribute to the improvement of agricultural practices, the recognition of the interest of natural wetlands and improvement of the types of treatment used by treatment plants. The results obtained in this study should in particular be linked to the dynamics of nutrients in the foreshore observed during the development of green algae. Finally, an effort to improve access to certain types of data on watersheds is needed to improve understanding of nutrient transfers
Mghirbi, Oussama. "Résilience des exploitations agricoles face au changement des pratiques phytosanitaires : Conception d’outils de gestion des risques liés aux pesticides – cas du bassin versant de l’étang de l’or en France." Thesis, Montpellier 3, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016MON30011/document.
Full textThe excessive use of plant protection products has caused public health and environmental issues dueto their toxicity. As part of this interdisciplinary research work between geography and agronomy, theobjective is to analyse the resilience of farms and their capacity to deal with the change of plantprotection practices. In order to answer this objective, our work is based on the design of a method forassessing plant protection practices at different spatial scales and on a technical-economic model foroptimising plant protection treatment and managing risks related to pesticides. This work consists inproviding territorial actors with decision-support tools for an integrated management of pesticide useat the “Etang de l’Or” catchment area in the South of France. This study is based on the use of severalmultidisciplinary tools: mathematical programming techniques, statistical analysis and GeographicInformation Systems (GIS), by introducing agri-environmental indicators for plant protection pressure(TFI) and risks of toxicity on the applicator’s health and on environment (IRSA, IRTE), and economicindicators. The combination of these indicators defines the different categories of farms resilience andcapacity of their production systems to deal with the change of plant protection practices. The conceptof resilience, combined with spatial analysis of agri-environmental and economic indicators usingGIS, allows implementing generic decision-support tools to find a compromise between the differentactors to deal with problems of spatial inequality and socioeconomic in term of phytosanitary diffusepollution. The results of multi-scale analysis allow implementing management strategies of risksrelated to plant protection practice based on the vulnerability of the natural environment on a territoryand ensuring suitable economic outcomes to farms