Academic literature on the topic 'Pollution Load Index'
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Journal articles on the topic "Pollution Load Index"
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Murty, M. N., and Surender Kumar. "Measuring the cost of environmentally sustainable industrial development in India: a distance function approach." Environment and Development Economics 7, no. 3 (July 2002): 467–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1355770x02000281.
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This paper attempts to estimate the maintenance cost of water pollution abatement measures to the Indian industry using the methodology of distance function in the theory of production. The distance function is estimated using both programming and stochastic frontier models for a sample of water polluting industries in India. The firm-specific shadow prices for pollutants, measures of efficiency, and scale economies are estimated. Estimates show that on average the cost to the Indian industry for reducing one ton of BOD and COD are respectively, Rs 0.246 and 0.077 million. Large differences in the estimates of firm-specific shadow prices of pollutants reflect the use of inefficient water pollution abatement technologies. The relationships between firm-specific shadow prices or marginal costs of abatement of BOD and COD and the index of compliance (ratio of effluent load to sale value) and the pollution load reductions obtained confirm the earlier empirical results of studies on water pollution abatement in Indian industries. The earlier studies have found increasing marginal costs with respect to reductions in pollution concentrations and decreasing marginal cost with respect to the pollution loads reduced by the firms.
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Yuyadong and Yankun. "Ecological Risk Assessment of Typical Plateau Lakes." E3S Web of Conferences 267 (2021): 01028. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202126701028.
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Plateau lakes have significant ecological value. With economic development, lake pollution and ecological degradation have become increasingly prominent. There are many ecological risk assessment methods. This article combines four different ecological risk assessment methods including single-factor pollution index, geological accumulation index method, potential risk index method, and pollution load index method to analyze the heavy metal pollution in Yangzong seabed mud as comprehensively as possible. It shows that the results obtained by different ecological risk assessment methods are slightly different. The overall trends of the geological pollution index and the single-factor pollution index are similar. In terms of time, except for the two elements of mercury and cadmium, the contents of other heavy metals in 2019 are lower than in 2018, indicating that heavy metal pollution has decreased in 2019; from the perspective of spatial distribution, In 2018, the overall pollution level on the south side of Yangzonghai was higher than that in the central and northern regions of Yangzonghai . On the whole, whether it is the potential risk index or the appropriate pollution load index, the pollution level on the south side of Yangzonghai is higher than that in the central and northern areas of Yangzonghai, and the northern area has the least pollution.
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ANGULO, E. "The Tomlinson Pollution Load Index applied to heavy metal, ‘Mussel-Watch’ data: a useful index to assess coastal pollution." Science of The Total Environment 187, no. 1 (August 15, 1996): 19–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0048-9697(96)05128-5.
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Akintola, O. A., A. Y. Sangodoyin, and F. O. Agunbiade. "Evaluation of environmental pollution effects on domestic roof-harvested rainwater in Southern part of Nigeria using impact indices." Water Practice and Technology 8, no. 2 (June 1, 2013): 244–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wpt.2013.026.
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The effects of environmental factors, roof materials and age of roof on some metals usually found in Domestic Roof-Harvested Rainwater (DRHRW) from southern Nigeria were investigated. Samples were collected in Ibadan (residential), Lagos (industrial) and Port-Harcourt (gas-flaring). Four roof types (corrugated-iron-sheet, long-span-aluminium, asbestos and step-tiles) and three ages of roof (<5, 5–10 and >10 years in service conditions) were considered. Sample preparations, handling and analysis were carried out using standard procedures. Enrichment-Factor, Transfer-Factor and Pollution-Load-Index were estimated to identify roof polluting severity, rate of transfer of each metal detected into the DRHRW as well as atmospheric contribution to the overall pollution effects observed. Metal enrichment was generally low indicating low metal transfer into DRHRW from the sites. Occasional moderate enrichment was recorded for Fe, Cu, Zn, Ca and Mg suggesting their natural presence in the environment. Extremely high enrichment observed for Pb and Cd in industrial and gas-flaring rainwater samples as compared with residential indicated that metal contaminations in these locations are higher compared to residential samples which serve as background. Rate of metal transfer from roof material to rainwater was generally low. Thus, the possible source of the metal contaminants found in DRHRW in the areas investigated was the atmosphere. Mean Pollution-Load-Index of 0.95, 0.99 and 1.06 for rainwater samples in Ibadan, Lagos and Port-Harcourt areas respectively suggested higher pollution load in gas-flaring than residential and industrial regions. Pollution-Load-Index applied to age and roof-type indicated that long-span-aluminium and asbestos roofs that are less than 5 years could contaminate rainwater.
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Hamakonda, Umbu A., Bambang Suharto, and Liliya Dewi Susanawati. "ANALISIS KUALITAS AIR DAN BEBAN PENCEMARAN AIR PADA SUB DAS BOENTUKA KABUPATEN TIMOR TENGAH SELATAN." Jurnal Teknologi Pertanian Andalas 23, no. 1 (March 1, 2019): 56. http://dx.doi.org/10.25077/jtpa.23.1.56-67.2019.
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Rivers in the Boentuka Sub-watershed of Timor Tengah Selatan Regency have been shown to experience pollution caused by domestic and agricultural activities. This study aims to assess water quality and identify river water pollution loads based on water quality according to Government Regulation Number 82 of 2001 concerning water pollution management and control. The parameters analyzed were physical, chemical, and biological, the length of the river in the Boentuka Sub-watershed was 15km. The method of river water pollution index from upstream to downstream in 6 sampling points with test parameters such as the biological oxygen demand, chemical oxygen demand, fecal coliform and total coliform in the downstream has exceeded the criteria of class I water quality standards according to PP No. 82 of 2001. Pollution index of 1.11 to 4.62. This shows that the quality of river water has been polluted with mild pollution status. While the pollution load of domestic waste dumped into the river is on the biological oxygen demand parameter of 6297,584 kg / day and chemical oxygen demand of 7871.98 kg / day, fecal coliform pollution load of 458.0108 MPN / day and totalcoli 1210.121 MPN / day
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Sukri, Nor Sayzwani, Siti Amirah Aspin, Nurul Liyana Kamarulzaman, Nurul Fazlina Jaafar, Rozidaini Mohd Ghazi, Nor Shahida Shafiee @ Ismail, Siti Hajar Yaacob, Farah Khaliz Kedri, and Mohamad Pauzi Zakaria. "Assessment of metal pollution using enrichment factor (EF) and pollution load index (PLI) in sediments of selected Terengganu rivers, Malaysia." Malaysian Journal of Fundamental and Applied Sciences 14, no. 2 (June 3, 2018): 235–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.11113/mjfas.v14n2.1065.
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Anthropogenic activities that happen in Terengganu River were contributed to sediment pollution at that area. The sediment pollution occurred when sediment are additional influenced with chemical adsorption between the metals, grain size, and organic matter. Thus, this study was conducted to assess the metal pollution using Enrichment Factor (EF) and Pollution Load Index (PLI) and compared with the previous study. A total of 15 sediment samples were collected from 5 different rives and metal concentration were analyzed using flame Atomic Absorption Spectrometer (ASS). The metal concentration ranged as followed: Cr (0.48-12.80 mg/kg), Cu (0.38-15.20 mg/kg), Mg (202.00-2769.00mg/kg), K (63.36-1730.00 mg/kg), Mn (4.27-33.70 mg/kg), Zn (2.05-31.30 mg/kg) and Cl (141.00-584.00 mg/kg) respectively. Enrichment Factor (EF) and Pollution Load Index (PLI) were used as a pollution indicator to access the sediment pollution in selected Terengganu Rivers. The mean Enrichment Factor (EF) value indicated in decrease order Cl (34.70) > Zn (23.44) > Cu (10.37) > Cr (1.95) > K (1.58) > Mg (1.16)> Mn (0.87). Meanwhile, Pollution Load Index (PLI) value showed below than 1 in all sampling stations. When compared with previous study, Mg and Cl metals need to take further action due to dramatically increased within seven years. The output from this study will be useful for environmental management at Terengganu Rivers.
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Mannaa, Ammar A., Athar Ali Khan, Rabea Haredy, and Aaid G. Al-Zubieri. "Contamination Evaluation of Heavy Metals in a Sediment Core from the Al-Salam Lagoon, Jeddah Coast, Saudi Arabia." Journal of Marine Science and Engineering 9, no. 8 (August 20, 2021): 899. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jmse9080899.
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The Al-Salam Lagoon is one of the recreational sites along the Jeddah coast, showing the environmental impacts of urbanization along the coast. A sediment core (220 cm) was collected from the intertidal zone to evaluate the heavy metals (Fe, Mn, Cr, Ni, Cu, Zn, and Pb) and geochemical indices (contamination factor, geo-accumulation index, and pollution load index). In the organ-ic-rich muddy sediments (0–100 cm), there is a high metals content and a pollution load index of ~3, indicting anthropogenic impacts with high Cu contamination (CF:12) and moderate Fe, Mn, Cr, Ni, Zn, and Pb contamination (CF: <3). The organic matter and heavy metals washed through surface run-off from the land and deposited as urban waste. Down the core, consistent metals concentration, CF, and Igeo trends indicate a common pollutant source and pollution load variations over time. In the sediment section (70–40 cm), a high organic matter, metal concentration, CF, Igeo, and PLI value (≥5) suggest an uncontrolled pollution load. The decreased and stable trends of environmental indicators toward surface sediments suggest measures taken to control the pollution along the Jeddah coast. Below 110 cm, the carbonate-rich sediments have low organic matter and metals, showing an unpolluted depositional environment. The negative geo-accumulation index implies a geogenic source and indicates no anthropogenic impacts as inferred from low (~1.0) CF and PLI.
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Muhtadi, Ahmad, Yunasfi Yunasfi, M. Ma'rufi, and A. Rizki. "Morfometri dan Daya Tampung Beban Pencemaran Danau Pondok Lapan, Kabupaten Langkat Provinsi Sumatera Utara." Oseanologi dan Limnologi di Indonesia 2, no. 2 (August 26, 2017): 49. http://dx.doi.org/10.14203/oldi.2017.v2i2.51.
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<strong>Morphometry and Pollution Load Capacity of Lake Pondok Lapan in Langkat Regency, North Sumatra.</strong> Morphometry is necessary to know the physical characteristics of a lake and how much the ability of the lake to receive pollutant loads. Determination of water quality status and pollution load capacity of lake water is very important to do with the utilization of lake by the community for cultivation activity of floating net cage (KJA). This study aimed to determine the characteristics of morphometry and bathymetry of the lake, determine the status of water quality and the capacity of lake pollution load. The study was conducted in January–March 2015. Mapping was done by making a path of 100 trajectories which was then processed with ArcView. The observation station for water quality consisted of 4 stations. The status of water quality was determined by the Pollution and Storage Index method based on PerMen LH. No. 115 of 2003. The capacity of lake pollution loud refers to PerMen LH. 28 of 2009. The results showed that Lake Pondok Lapan area reached 63,472.78 m2 (6.35 ha) with a maximum depth of 4.15 m. This lake is classified as a closed water, aerobic, with a residence time of 11–12 days. The depth of compensation is at a depth of 2.61–2.85 m. The water discharge coming out of the lake ranges 12,963.45–14,111.71 m³ per day. The status of water quality of Lake Pondok Lapan is categorized as uncontaminated with score 0 for the Storet method and 0.46–0.86 for Pollution Index method. Lake pollution load capacity is of 1.98 kg of phosphorus per year. <br /><br />
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Ogbeibu, Anthony E., Michael O. Omoigberale, Ifeanyi M. Ezenwa, Joyce O. Eziza, and Joy O. Igwe. "Using Pollution Load Index and Geoaccumulation Index for the Assessment of Heavy Metal Pollution and Sediment Quality of the Benin River, Nigeria." Natural Environment 2, no. 1 (2014): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.12966/ne.05.01.2014.
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Kabir, M. I., H. Lee, G. Kim, and T. Jun. "Monitoring and assessing heavy metals in topsoils as potential diffuse pollutants in the Pyeongchang River Basin, Korea." Water Science and Technology 61, no. 12 (June 1, 2010): 3156–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2010.233.
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Topsoils, mainly from crop fields, orchards, forests, and barns around the Pyeongchang River, were collected to investigate their heavy metal concentrations. Pollution load index, ecological risk index, and enrichment factor were applied to assess levels of heavy metal contamination for topsoils. The concentrations of cadmium (Cd) (1.7 mg/kg) and chromium (Cr) (4.1 mg/kg) exceeded the troublesome level in one site, whereas zinc (Zn) (396.7 to 711.1 mg/kg) and nickel (Ni) (40.1 to 95.3 mg/kg) in several topsoils exceeded the troublesome to countermeasure levels, according to soil contamination standards for the study areas. A significant risk of contamination was observed for mercury (Hg) by all indices, although the concentration in most of the topsoils was below the guideline. As expected, a positive linear correlation was observed for the values of pollution load index and ecological risk index, demonstrating lower heavy metal contamination in upstream areas compared to those downstream. High to extremely high ecological risk was observed in several samples for Zn and Ni, while all of the soils were unpolluted to slightly polluted, according to the pollution load index. A baseline study was not performed earlier for these sites, so these assessed values of heavy metals should be used as reference values for further assessment.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Pollution Load Index"
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Jablonski, Daniel. "AN ASSESSMENT OF CWA SECTION 303(d) PRIORITIZATION OF IMPAIRED WATER BODIES IN ILLINOIS." OpenSIUC, 2011. https://opensiuc.lib.siu.edu/theses/669.
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Water quality has been an issue of concern since the settlement of man and continues to be of great concern today in many locations around the world. In the United States, to address the issues of water pollution, the U.S. Congress passed the Clean Water Act (CWA) in 1972. This study examines the implementation and prioritization of impaired water bodies listed on the Illinois CWA section 303(d) list between 1992 and 2004. This study used the Delphi survey method to obtain opinions from water quality/management experts that reside in the state of Illinois. The goal of this study was to determine if a consensus could be reached amongst water quality experts on the severity of individual water pollutants for a given designated use of a water body by assigning weights, determining if any prioritization trends exist within the current Illinois 303(d) process, as well as identifying any shortcomings of the process and suggesting possible modes of improvement. The survey identified four major shortcomings of Illinois' current approach to water quality management: 1) limited funding and manpower, 2) lack of coordination/monitoring, 3) failure to regulate point sources, and 4) lack of biological monitoring. The survey respondents indicated that the entire state needs attention in terms of water quality improvement and that agriculture and urban runoff are the most important sources of water pollution and water body impairment. They rated the current prioritization system as being between "average" and "good" and identified that development of a weighting scheme could be feasible as long as it received adequate funding and adequate stakeholder support. The measure of consensus among respondents regarding weights for individual pollutants and designated uses varied significantly; however, the overwhelming majority of consensus values improved after participants were asked to revise their original responses in an effort to move towards central tendency in the distribution of assigned ranks.
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Makuleke, Peace. "An assessment of impacts of landfill composition on soil quality, heavy metal and plant health : a case of Lumberstewart landfill in Bulawayo, Zimbabwe." Diss., 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/27575.
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Landfills have served as the major sites for waste disposal in both developed and developing countries. Upon closure of a landfill site, the surface could be converted to a golf course, recreation park, playground, animal refuge, tennis court and industrial site. Even when closed, landfills still have the potential to contaminate the surrounding environment as a result of the migration of leachate from decomposing waste contained in the site. This study focused on assessing the
impacts of a closed landfill on soils and plants at Lumberstewart closed landfill site in Bulawayo, Zimbabwe. Soil samples were collected at three different depths (0-30 cm, 30 - 60 cm and 60-90 cm) at the landfill and a control site. The soil samples were analysed for their texture, pH, electrical conductivity, organic matter content, cation exchange capacity and concentrations of Cd, Cu, Cr, Fe, Ni and Zn. Samples of jimson weed and pigweed growing at the closed landfill and the control
site were collected from the same sites where soil samples were collected, and the concentrations of the same set of heavy metals in these weeds determined. Soil samples were digested using EPA
method 3050B: Acid Digestion of Sediments, Sludge and soils whereas nitric acid and hydrogen peroxide was used for digestion of plant samples. Both plant and soil digests were analyzed for heavy metals concentrations using Flame Atomic Absorption Spectrometry (AAS). Soils from the landfill as well as the control site had a high content of sand with soil pH values which were alkaline. The electrical conductivity values of the soil samples were relatively low ranging from 0.39 to 1.67 dS/m, indicating low levels of salts in soils at the landfill. The concentrations of heavy metals at the closed landfill site were higher than the control site. Heavy metals concentrations in soils at the closed landfill followed the order Fe>Zn>Cu>Cr>Ni>Cd. Results indicated that Fe was exceptionally higher than the other metals with concentration values averaging 45690±17255 mg/kg. Cadmium on the other hand had the least concentration with values of 0.01±0.00 mg/kg.
Values of Enrichment Factors of heavy metals around the soil at different depths indicated that the enrichment of heavy metals increased with depth at the landfill up to 30-60 cm after which a
decrease was observed. Values for heavy metal Contamination Factor of soils around the landfill ranged from low concentration (CF<1) to very high concentration (CF>6). The Pollution Load Index (PLI) values for the soil at the Lumberstewart landfill indicated that all sites were polluted (PLI>1). Site 6 had significantly higher mean concentration of heavy metals in soils at the landfill whereas site 11 had the least. The concentrations of Cd and Ni in soils at the landfill were below
permissible limits of South African National Norms and Standards (NNS) as prescribed by NEMA (2008) in South Africa whereas Cr, Cu and Zn in soils were above the NNS permissible limits.
Heavy metal concentrations in soils at the landfill were above World Health (WHO) permissible limits except for Cd which was equal (0.01 mg/kg) to the permissible values of Cd in the soils at sites 5, 8, 9, 10, 11 and 12. Mean concentrations of heavy metals in jimson weed and pigweed were in the order Fe>Zn>Cu>Cr>Ni>Cd. The concentrations of Cd, Cr, Cu, Fe and Zn in both plants from all sites at the landfill were significantly higher than the control site. Heavy metal transfer coefficient for both plants indicated that heavy metal uptake was more species dependent than soil heavy metal concentration dependent. The results from this research indicate that though the Lumberstewart Landfill has been closed, it is still affecting the soils in the vicinity of the
landfill. Plants and water around the Lumberstewart closed landfill could be at risk from heavy metal contamination. High concentrations of heavy metals observed in the soil could present a health risk to communities should they decide to use the landfill site for arable purposes.Environmental Sciences
M. Sc. (Environmental Science)
Book chapters on the topic "Pollution Load Index"
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Runova, Elena, Vera Savchenkova, Ekaterina Demina-Moskovskaya, and Anastasia Baranenkova. "Assessment of the State of Forest Plant Communities of Scots Pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) in the Conditions of Urban Ecosystems." In Vegetation Index and Dynamics [Working Title]. IntechOpen, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.96625.
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Siberian cities are characterized by one feature: many of them have preserved natural woodlands during construction, which on the one hand give a completely unusual, unique appearance to cities, on the other hand, trees suffer from recreational load, high levels of pollution and other anthropogenic factors. To assess the condition of pine stands, 3 test areas (0.5 ha, 0.1 ha and 1.9 ha) were laid. All considered plantings of natural origin are areas of woodland that were preserved during the construction of the city and are subject to recreational and industrial pollution. The test sites belong to areas with a high anthropogenic load, as they are located along highways and in close proximity to residential and public buildings and are part of parks with a high recreational load. The average age of trees is 70–80 years. The sanitary condition of the massif and its landscape characteristics are also determined. The critical condition of the massif is established, requiring sanitary logging and other forestry measures that could reduce recreational and anthropogenic loads.
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Pramod Kumar, Madri, Tella Lakshmi Prasad, Kothapalli Nagalakshmi, Nadimikeri Jayaraju, and Ballari Lakshmanna. "Concentrations of Heavy Metals as Proxies of Marine Pollution along Nellore Coast of South District, Andhra Pradesh." In Heavy Metals - Their Environmental Impacts and Mitigation [Working Title]. IntechOpen, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.95275.
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Bottom sediment samples from six stations were sampled in pre monsoon 2016, from the Govindampalli – Durgarajupatnam (GP-DP) coast. Heavy metals viz., Fe, Mn, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb, Zn and Cd analysis was carried out by using ICP-OES, and the average concentrations are as follows Fe > Mn > Zn > Cr > Pb > Ni > Cu > Cd. Various environmental indices like Factor Analysis (FA), Geo-accumulation Index (Igeo), Enrichment Factor (EF) and Pollution Load Index (PLI) were applied to the chemical data in order to know the levels of contamination and factors contributing to the pollution. Correlation coefficient results exhibits significant positive and negative relationships among Fe, Mn, Pb, Zn, Cd. All the environmental indices suggest that heavy metals were present at higher concentrations and the impacts of anthropogenic activities are crucial that serves as source of heavy metals in the zone. Relatively, maximum number of heavy metals viz., Fe, Ni and Pb were accumulated at the brackish environment i.e., at confluence of Swarnamukhi river (GP-S Station).
Conference papers on the topic "Pollution Load Index"
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Singovszka, Eva. "COMPARISON OF POLLUTION LOAD INDEX IN BOTTOM SEDIMENTS OF SIX RIVERS ON EAST OF SLOVAKIA." In 18th International Multidisciplinary Scientific GeoConference SGEM2018. Stef92 Technology, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.5593/sgem2018/5.2/s20.031.
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Keivanfard, M., and G. Nemati. "Detection of harmonic pollution ranking of non-linear load in the HORMOZGAN distribution power system by using new power quality index." In 22nd International Conference and Exhibition on Electricity Distribution (CIRED 2013). Institution of Engineering and Technology, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/cp.2013.1218.
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Ancic, Ivica, Ante Šestan, and Nikola Vladimir. "Modification of the EEDI for Ro-ro Passenger Ships." In SNAME 5th World Maritime Technology Conference. SNAME, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.5957/wmtc-2015-053.
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In the 3rd IMO GHG study the new data on the ships emissions indicate a clear need for improvements in ship energy efficiency in order to preserve the environment. Although the majority of the pollution originates from the international shipping, the environmental impact of the short-sea shipping, primarily from ro-ro passenger ships, should not be neglected. The pollution originating from these ships is especially pernicious for public health since they operate in and near ports and highly populated areas. The newest amendments to MARPOL Annex VI introduce the Energy Efficiency Design Index (EEDI). The EEDI should be a measure of ships energy efficiency, but its application is limited since it may not be applied to ships with diesel-electric or hybrid propulsion systems. Also the EEDI seems not to be feasible for the regulation of energy efficiency for ro-ro passenger ships because their design criteria vary too much. The aim of this paper is to propose a new approach to the EEDI definition for ro-ro passenger ships. It introduces the Reference surface as the function of ships capacity and speed instead of the Reference line. It also expands the attained EEDI calculation to different loads trying to give a clearer view of the ships CO2 emission. This modified EEDI would then allow a fair comparison between different ro-ro passenger ships.
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Mansour Youssef, Samy Adly, Serdar Turgut Ince, Yang Seop Kim, Muhammad Faisal, Jung Kwan Seo, and Jeom Kee Paik. "Toward a New Procedure for the Quantitative Risk Assessment of Double Hull Oil Tankers in Collisions." In SNAME 5th World Maritime Technology Conference. SNAME, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.5957/wmtc-2015-192.
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In recent decades, the number of ships increased substantially and it is still expected to continue to increase. Collision risk is one of the most serious accidents that can lead to severe consequences, such as casualty, property damage and environmental pollution. According to the statistics, it is found that the developments in collision avoidance systems and the related regulations have not contributed much to prevent the collision accidents. The aim of the present study is to develop a new methodology for the quantitative risk assessment of double–hull oil tankers. Within the framework of the methodology, a probabilistic approach is introduced to define a relevant set of ship–ship collision scenarios by treating the accidental influencing parameters as random variables. The collision frequency is calculated for each of the selected collision scenarios by considering a double–hull oil tanker collided with different types of striking ships. To predict the resulting collision damage to the struck ship, numerical simulations are conducted for each scenario by performing nonlinear finite element analyses. Based on the calculated risks, exceedance curves are established that can be used to define the collision design loads in association with various design criteria. In addition, to give a more complete picture of the risk assessment, a new method is proposed for assessing the risk of ship’s hull collapse following a collision. The results are formulated in terms of the residual strength index (RSI) and the loading ratio to produce the relationship between residual strength (R) and loading ratio of horizontal bending moment to vertical bending moment (L) and design formulations for predicting the RSI of damaged ship hulls are derived in an empirical manner. As an applied example, a hypothetical Suezmax–class double hull tanker is considered as a struck ship. Collision risks to asset and the environment are assessed. It is considered that the developed methodology can be useful in the early design stage of oil tankers.