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Journal articles on the topic 'Poly (2,5-benzimidazole)'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 1 February 2022

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1

Conio, G., S. Bisbano, L. Carpaneto, E. Marsano, and I. Ponomarev. "Poly[2-phenylene-(5-benzimidazole)] isophthalamide: macromolecular characterization." Polymer 36, no. 19 (January 1995): 3733–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0032-3861(95)93777-j.

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2

Zheng, Wenxu, and Kechen Wu. "Anion-directed assemblies of europium(III) coordination polymers based on 1H-benzimidazole-5,6-dicarboxylate: structures and luminescence properties." Acta Crystallographica Section C Structural Chemistry 76, no. 2 (January 30, 2020): 186–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s2053229620000637.

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Two europium(III) coordination polymers (CPs), namely, poly[[diaquabis(μ4-1H-benzimidazole-5,6-dicarboxylato-κ6 N 3:O 5,O 5′:O 5,O 6:O 6′)(μ2-oxalato-κ4 O 1,O 2:O 1′,O 2′)dieuropium(III)] dihydrate], {[Eu2(C9H4N2O4)2(C2O4)(H2O)2]·2H2O} n (1), and poly[(μ3-1H-benzimidazol-3-ium-5,6-dicarboxylato-κ5 O 5:O 5′,O 6:O 6,O 6′)(μ3-sulfato-κ3 O:O′:O′′)europium(III)], [Eu(C9H5N2O4)(SO4)] n (2), have been synthesized via the hydrothermal method and structurally characterized. CP 1 shows a three-dimensional network, in which the oxalate ligand acts as a pillar, while CP 2 has a two-dimensional network based on a europium(III)–sulfate skeleton, further extended into a three-dimensional framework by hydrogen-bonding interactions. The structural diversity in the two compounds can be attributed to the different acidification abilities and geometries of the anionic ligands. The luminescence properties of 1 display the characteristic europium red emission with CIE chromaticity coordinates (2/3, 0.34). Interestingly, CP 2 shows the characteristic red emission with CIE chromaticity coordinates (0.60, 0.34) when excited at 280 nm and a near-white emission with CIE chromaticity coordinates (0.38, 0.29) when excited at 340 nm.

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3

Rani, Varsha, Harkesh B. Singh, and Ray J. Butcher. "Synthesis and structure of the mercury chloride complex of 2,2′-(2-bromo-5-tert-butyl-1,3-phenylene)bis(1-methyl-1H-benzimidazole)." Acta Crystallographica Section E Crystallographic Communications 73, no. 3 (February 10, 2017): 341–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s2056989017001888.

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In the title mercury complex,catena-poly[[dichloridomercury(II)]-μ-2,2′-(2-bromo-5-tert-butyl-1,3-phenylene)bis(1-methyl-1H-benzimidazole)-κ2N3:N3′], [HgCl2(C26H25BrN4)]n, the HgIIatom is coordinated by two Cl atoms and by two N atoms from two 2,2′-(2-bromo-5-tert-butyl-1,3-phenylene)bis(1-methyl-1H-benzimidazole) ligands. The metal cation adopts a distorted tetrahedral coordination geometry with with bond angles around mercury of 100.59 (15)° [N—Hg—N] and 126.35 (7)° [Cl—Hg—Cl]. This arrangement gives rise to a zigzag helical 1-D polymer propagating along theb-axis direction.

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4

Bianchi, Estella, Enrico Marsano, Camilla Costa, Giuseppina Conio, and Stefania Bisbano. "Ternary systems involving rod/coil/solvent: poly(p-benzamide)/poly(2-phenylene(5-benzimidazole)-isophthalamide)/dimethylacetamide + LiCl." Macromolecular Chemistry and Physics 198, no. 4 (April 1997): 1239–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/macp.1997.021980425.

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5

Toiserkani, Hojjat. "Synthesis and evaluation of properties of novel aromatic poly(ether-imide) with benzazole pendent groups and flexible ether linkages." High Performance Polymers 23, no. 7 (November 2011): 542–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0954008311421988.

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Three types of new bis(ether-amine) monomers such as 5-(2-benzimidazole)-1,3-bis(4-aminophenoxy)benzene (3), 5-(2-benzoxazole)-1,3-bis(4-aminophenoxy)benzene (4), and 5-(2-benzothiazole)-1,3-bis(4-aminophenoxy)benzene (5) were prepared in three steps, starting from the reaction of 3,5-dihydroxybenzioc acid with 4-fluronitrobenzene in N, N-dimethylformamide (DMF) solution in the presence of potassium carbonate, followed by catalytic reduction of the intermediate dinitro-carboxylic acids, and subsequent condensation of the resulting diamino-carboxylic acids and 1,2-phenylenediamine, 2-aminophenol or 2-aminothiophenol in polyphosphoric acid (PPA), respectively. Three series of modified poly(ether-imide)s (PEIs) bearing pendent benzimidazole, benzoxazole or benzothiazole groups were prepared from the bis(ether-amine)s with dianhydrides by a conventional two-stage process that included ring-opening polycondensation forming the poly(amic acid)s (PAA) and further thermal or chemical imidization forming poly(ether-imide)s. For comparative purposes, reference poly(ether-imide)s were also prepared by reacting bis(ether-amine) lacking pendent groups namely 1,3-bis(4-aminophenoxy)benzene (6) with the same dianhydrides under similar conditions. The modified polymers were obtained in quantitative yields with inherent viscosities between 0.52 and 0.83 dL g−1. Experimental results indicated that all the PEIs had glass transition temperature between 221 and 283 °C, the decomposition temperature at 10% weight loss between 480 and 572 °C under nitrogen.

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6

Rani, Varsha, Harkesh B. Singh, and Ray J. Butcher. "Structure of the mercury(II) mixed-halide (Br/Cl) complex of 2,2′-(5-tert-butyl-1,3-phenylene)bis(1-pentyl-1H-benzo[d]imidazole)." Acta Crystallographica Section E Crystallographic Communications 73, no. 3 (February 21, 2017): 423–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s2056989017002183.

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The mercury(II) complex of 2,2′-(5-tert-butyl-1,3-phenylene)bis(1-pentyl-1H-benzimidazole), namelycatena-poly[[dihalogenidomercury(II)]-μ-2,2′-(5-tert-butyl-1,3-phenylene)bis(1-pentyl-1H-benzimidazole)-κ2N3:N3′], [HgBr1.52Cl0.48(C34H42N4)],2, has a polymeric structure bridgingviathe N atoms from the benzimidazole moieties of the ligand. The compound crystallizes in the orthorhombic space groupPca21and is a racemic twin [BASF = 0.402 (9)]. The geometry around the HgIIatom is distorted tetrahedral, with the HgIIatom coordinated to two N atoms, one Br atom, and a fourth coordination site is occupied by a mixed halide (Br/Cl). For the two ligands in the asymmetric unit, there is disorder with one of the twotert-butyl groups and benzimidazole moieties showing twofold disorder, with occupancy factors of 0.57 (2):0.43 (2) for thetert-butyl group and 0.73 (3):0.27 (3) for the benzimidazole group. In addition, there is threefold disorder for two of the fourn-pentyl groups, with occupancy factors of 0.669 (4):0.177 (4):0.154 (4) and 0.662 (4):0.224 (4):0.154 (4), respectively. The molecules form a one-dimensional helical polymer propagating in theb-axis direction. The helices are held together by intra-strand C—H...Br and C—H...Cl interactions. Each strand is further linked by inter-strand C—H...Br and C—H...Cl interactions. In addition, there are weak C—H...N inter-strand interactions which further stabilize the structural arrangement.

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7

Yu, Mingfu, Hong Sun, Tianyu Zhang, Qiang Li, Jie Li, and Xiaochen Zhang. "Current density distribution in an HT-PEM fuel cell with a poly (2, 5-benzimidazole) membrane." International Journal of Hydrogen Energy 46, no. 3 (January 2021): 3022–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2020.04.117.

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8

Conio, G., S. Bisbano, E. Marsano, A. Tealdi, and E. Bianchi. "Lyotropic block copolymers of poly(p-benzamide) and poly[2-phenylene (5-benzimidazole)]: The ternary system copolymer/poly(p-benzamide)/dimethylacetarnide—lithium chloride." Polymer 39, no. 11 (January 1998): 2119–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0032-3861(97)00541-7.

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9

Kawski, A., Z. Gryczyński, I. Gryczyński, J. R. Lakowicz, and G. Piszczek. "Photoselection of Luminescent Molecules in Anisotropic Media in the Case of Two-Photon Excitation. Part II. Experimental Studies of Hoechst 33342 in Stretched Polyvinyl alcohol) Films." Zeitschrift für Naturforschung A 51, no. 9 (September 1, 1996): 1037–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/zna-1996-0910.

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Abstract It was found by investigating dichroism and emission anisotropy in the case of one-and two-photon excitation of Hoechst 33342 [bis-benzimide,2,5'-bi-1H-benzimidazole, 2'-(4-ethoxyphenyl)-5-5(4-methyl-1-piperazinyl)] in stretched poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) films, that the absorption and fluorescence transition moments lie along the long molecular axis of the molecule studied. The slight deviation of the transition moment direction in fluorescence (about 8°) from that in absorption can be due to the incomplete linearity of the Hoechst molecule.

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10

Nayak, Ratikanta, and Prakash C. Ghosh. "Mechanical and Impedance analysis of Poly (2, 5) benzimidazole proton exchange membrane for high temperature fuel cell Application." Materials Today: Proceedings 5, no. 5 (2018): 13767–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.matpr.2018.02.017.

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11

Leikin, A. Yu, A. L. Rusanov, R. S. Begunov, and A. I. Fomenkov. "Synthesis and properties of poly[2-(4′-oxyphenylene)-5-benzimidazole] and a proton-exchange membrane produced on its basis." Polymer Science Series C 51, no. 1 (September 2009): 12–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1134/s1811238209010044.

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12

Kondratenko, Mikhail S., Igor I. Ponomarev, Marat O. Gallyamov, Dmitry Yu Razorenov, Yulia A. Volkova, Elena P. Kharitonova, and Alexei R. Khokhlov. "Novel composite Zr/PBI-O-PhT membranes for HT-PEFC applications." Beilstein Journal of Nanotechnology 4 (August 21, 2013): 481–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.3762/bjnano.4.57.

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Novel composite membranes for high temperature polymer-electrolyte fuel cells (HT-PEFC) based on a poly[oxy-3,3-bis(4′-benzimidazol-2″-ylphenyl)phtalide-5″(6″)-diyl] (PBI-O-PhT) polymer with small amounts of added Zr were prepared. It was shown in a model reaction between zirconium acetylacetonate (Zr(acac)4) and benzimidazole (BI) that Zr-atoms are capable to form chemical bonds with BI. Thus, Zr may be used as a crosslinking agent for PBI membranes. The obtained Zr/PBI-O-PhT composite membranes were examined by means of SAXS, thermomechanical analysis (TMA), and were tested in operating fuel cells by means of stationary voltammetry and impedance spectroscopy. The new membranes showed excellent stability in a 2000-hour fuel cell (FC) durability test. The modification of the PBI-O-PhT films with Zr facilitated an increase of the phosphoric acid (PA) uptake by the membranes, which resulted in an up to 2.5 times increased proton conductivity. The existence of an optimal amount of Zr content in the modified PBI-O-PhT film was shown. Larger amounts of Zr lead to a lower PA doping level and a reduced conductivity due to an excessively high degree of crosslinking.

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13

Mallakpour, Shadpour, Marziyeh Khani, and Mohammad R. Sabzalian. "Synthesis and biodegradability assessment of poly(amide-imide)s containing N-trimellitylimido-l-amino acid and 5-(2-benzimidazole)-1,3-phenylenediamine." Polymer Bulletin 71, no. 8 (May 17, 2014): 2159–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00289-014-1179-1.

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14

Dong, Feilong, Zhongfang Li, Suwen Wang, and Zhenhai Wang. "Synthesis and characteristics of proton-conducting membranes based on cerium sulfophenyl phosphate and poly (2, 5-benzimidazole) by hot-pressing method." International Journal of Hydrogen Energy 36, no. 17 (August 2011): 11068–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2011.05.128.

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15

Mallakpour, S., and M. Khani. "Morphology Properties of Nanostructure Poly(Amide-Imide)s Based onN-Trimellitylimido-S-amino Acids and 5-(2-benzimidazole)-1,3-phenylenediamine under Green Conditions." International Journal of Polymer Analysis and Characterization 17, no. 5 (July 2012): 345–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/1023666x.2012.668612.

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16

Takassi, Mohammad Ali, and Amin Zadehnazari. "Investigation of thermal and tensile properties of poly(benzimidazole-imide) composites incorporating salicylic acid–functionalized multiwalled carbon nanotubes." High Performance Polymers 30, no. 2 (December 23, 2016): 139–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0954008316684933.

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This work describes a novel aromatic poly(benzimidazole-imide) (PBII) with amino salicylic acid (ASA) segments in the main chain by melt/solid polymerization method under solvent-free conditions and its composites reinforced with ASA-functionalized multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs-ASA). The polymer was obtained in high yield with an amorphous morphology, was soluble in various organic solvents, such as N,N′-dimethylacetamide, N,N′-dimethylformamide, N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone, and dimethyl sulfoxide, and could afford flexible and tough film via solution casting. MWCNT-ASA/PBII composite films were also prepared by casting a solution of precursor polymer containing different fractions of MWCNTs-ASA into a thin film (1, 2, and 5 wt%). The cast films exhibited good mechanical properties with tensile strengths of 90.00–128.3 MPa, elongation at break of 4.6–7.9%, and tensile modulus of 1.6–2.9 GPa. They were reasonably stable up to a temperature above 400°C for the PBII and above 450°C for the composites. Structural and morphological evaluation of the composites was carried out by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction. Dispersion of MWCNT-ASA in the polymer matrix was investigated by field emission scanning and transmission electron microscopy.

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17

Nayak, Ratikanta, Meenakshi Sundarraman, Prakash C. Ghosh, and Arup R. Bhattacharyya. "Doped poly (2, 5-benzimidazole) membranes for high temperature polymer electrolyte fuel cell: Influence of various solvents during membrane casting on the fuel cell performance." European Polymer Journal 100 (March 2018): 111–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2017.08.026.

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18

Mallakpour, Shadpour, and Marziyeh Khani. "Effect of Surface Functionalized Nano-ZnO Structure on Morphology and Properties of Poly(amide-imide) Nanocomposites Containing N-trimellitylimido-L-leucine and 5-(2-benzimidazole)-1,3-phenylenediamine." Synthesis and Reactivity in Inorganic, Metal-Organic, and Nano-Metal Chemistry 43, no. 9 (July 9, 2013): 1289–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15533174.2012.757749.

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19

Huang, Qiu-Ying, Yi Yang, and Xiang-Ru Meng. "A new two-dimensional ZnIIcoordination polymer constructed by a multidentate N-heterocyclic ligand and 5-carboxybenzene-1,3-dicarboxylate." Acta Crystallographica Section C Structural Chemistry 71, no. 8 (July 15, 2015): 701–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s2053229615013224.

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In the coordination polymer, poly[[{μ-1-[(1H-benzimidazol-2-yl)methyl]-1H-imidazole-κ2N:N′}(μ-5-carboxybenzene-1,3-dicarboxylato-κ2O1:O3)zinc(II)] dimethylformamide monosolvate pentahydrate], {[Zn(C9H4O6)(C11H10N4)]·C3H7NO·5H2O}n, the ZnIIion is coordinated by two N atoms from two symmetry-related 1-[(1H-benzimidazol-2-yl)methyl]-1H-imidazole (bmi) ligands and two O atoms from two symmetry-related 5-carboxybenzene-1,3-dicarboxylate (Hbtc2−) ligands in a slightly distorted tetrahedral geometry. The ZnIIions are bridged by Hbtc2−and bmi ligands, leading to a 4-connected two-dimensional network with the topological notation (44.62). Adjacent layers are further connected by 12 kinds of hydrogen bonds and also by π–π interactions, resulting in a three-dimensional supramolecular architecture in the solid state.

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20

Li, Ya-Ping, Da-Jun Sun, Hu Zang, Li-Ying Han, and Guan-Fang Su. "catena-Poly[[zinc-bis(μ-2-sulfido-1H-benzimidazol-3-ium-5-carboxylato)-κ2O:S;κ2S:O] trihydrate]." Acta Crystallographica Section E Structure Reports Online 67, no. 4 (March 5, 2011): m397. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s1600536811006532.

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21

Sun, Chen-Guang, and Ji-Rong Song. "catena-Poly[(chloridozinc)-μ-5-(1-methyl-1H-benzimidazol-2-yl-κN3)-1,2,3-triazol-1-ido-κ2N1:N3]." Acta Crystallographica Section E Structure Reports Online 68, no. 4 (March 31, 2012): m520. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s1600536812012706.

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In the title complex, [Zn(C10H8N5)Cl]n, the ZnIIion is four-coordinated by one Cl atom and three N atoms from twoin situ-generated deprotonated 5-(1-methyl-1H-benzimidazol-2-yl-κN3)-1,2,3-triazol-1-ide ligands in a slightly distorted tetrahedral geometry. The ZnIIions are bridged by the ligands, forming a helical chain along [001]. C—H...N and C—H...Cl hydrogen bonds and π–π interactions between the imidazole rings [centroid–centroid distance = 3.4244 (10) Å] assemble the chains into a three-dimensional supramolecular network.

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22

Xu, Ye Wei, Jie Tang, Guan Jun Chang, Fang Hua Zhu, and Lin Zhang. "Synthesis and Characterization of Poly(N-Arylenebenzimidazole Ketone)." Applied Mechanics and Materials 204-208 (October 2012): 4211–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.204-208.4211.

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Using 1,4-bis(2-benzimidazolyl) benzene (BBIB) and 4,4'-difluorobenzophenone as the monomers, poly(N-arylenebenzimidazole ketone) (PNABIK) has been prepared via the aromatic nucleophilic displacement reaction. The chemical structure of PNABIK was confirmed by FT-IR, elemental analysis and 1H NMR. The results show a good agreement with the proposed structures. The polymer was obtained in quantitative yields with Mn value 12500 and Mw value 28600, respectively. DSC and TGA measurements show that the glass transition temperature (Tg) is 202 °C and 5% weight loss temperature is 550°C in nitrogen and 571 °C in air, respectively. In addition, the novel polymer exhibit good solubility.

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23

Xu, Ye Wei, Jie Tang, Guan Jun Chang, Fang Hua Zhu, and Lin Zhang. "Synthesis and Characterization of Poly(N-arylenebenzimidazole sulfone)." Applied Mechanics and Materials 174-177 (May 2012): 473–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.174-177.473.

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Poly(N-arylenebenzimidazole sulfone), PNABIS, has been prepared via the aromatic nucleophilic displacement reaction of 1,4-bis(2-benzimidazolyl) benzene (BBIB) with bis(4-fluorophenyl) sulfone. BBIB was synthesized by the reaction of terephthalaldehydic acid with 1,2-phenylenediamine in polyphosphoric acid. The chemical structure of BBIB was confirmed by FT-IR, high resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS) and NMR spectroscopy. The characterization of the polymer was performed with FT-IR, NMR spectroscopy, gel permeation chromatography (GPC), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and solubility tests. The polymer was obtained in quantitative yield with Mn value 11000 and Mw value 25300, respectively. TGA measurements show that 5% weight loss temperature is 532 °C in nitrogen and 331 °C in air, respectively. In addition, the novel polymer exhibits good solubility, which can be dissolved in common organic solvent at room temperature.

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24

Zhi, Xiujuan, Bin Du, and Sichun Yuan. "Organic Light-Emitting Diodes Based on a Solution-Processable Benzimidazole-Functionalised Cationic Iridium Complex." Australian Journal of Chemistry 69, no. 8 (2016): 890. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ch16051.

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A cationic iridium(iii) complex with formula [Ir(ppy)2(pybmz)]+(PF6)– (ppy = 2-phenylpyridine; pybmz = 2-(pyridin-2-yl)-N-hexylbenzimidazole) was synthesised. The photoluminescence spectrum of the complex showed an orange–red emission peak at 590 nm with a quantum efficiency of 18 % and a luminescence lifetime of 1.2 µs in solid state. The complex was used as a phosphorescent dopant in light-emitting diodes with the configuration ITO/PEDOT : PSS(50 nm)/PVK (70) : PBD (30) : complex (x wt-%, x = 5, 20, 50, 100)(75nm)/TPBI(50nm)/Ba(4 nm)/Al(150 nm) [ITO = indium tin oxide; PEDOT = poly(ethylenedioxythiophene); PSS = poly(styrene sulfonic acid); PVK = polyvinylcarbazole; PBD = 5-(4-tert-butylphenyl)-2-(bi-phenyl-4-yl)-1,3,4-oxadiazole; TPBI = 1,3,5-tris-(2-N-phenylbenzimidazolyl) benzene]. The best device performances were obtained for the non-doped (100 wt-%) material, with an external quantum efficiency of 5.6 %, a luminous efficiency of 9.3 cd A–1, and a power efficiency of 3 lm W–1. High brightness of 8700 cd m–2 and luminous efficiency of 8 cd A–1 were realised at a current density of 110 mA cm–2.

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25

Zhou, Zhan, Zhe Zhou, and Peng-Jing Jing. "Crystal structure of catena-poly[(μ2-1,3-bis(benzimidazol-1-yl)propane κ2N:N′)-(μ2-5-methoxyisophthalato-κ2O:O′)zinc(II)] hydrate, C26H24ZnN4O6." Zeitschrift für Kristallographie - New Crystal Structures 232, no. 6 (November 27, 2017): 1033–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/ncrs-2017-0169.

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AbstractC26H24ZnN4O6, triclinic, P1̅ (no. 2), a = 9.724(3) Å, b = 10.173(3) Å, c = 14.642(4) Å, α = 70.380(3)°, β = 85.642(4)°, γ = 63.925(3)°, V = 1221.2(6) Å3, Z = 2, Rgt(F) = 0.0411, wRref(F2) = 0.0981, T = 296 K.

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26

Neri, Paola, Li Ren, Kathy Gratton, Erin Stebner, Carolyn J. Owen, Peter Duggan, Adnan Mansoor, Douglas A. Stewart, and Nizar J. Bahlis. "Bortezomib Induced BRCAness Sensitizes Multiple Myeloma Cells to PARP Inhibitors." Blood 116, no. 21 (November 19, 2010): 789. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v116.21.789.789.

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Abstract Abstract 789 Background: Poly-ADP-ribose-polymerase (PARP) inhibitors are cytotoxic to tumor cells with impaired DNA damage repair machinery (DRR), in particular those with a deficient homology directed repair (HR) of DNA double stranded breaks (DSB). Multiple Myeloma (MM) cells are characterized by a highly unstable genome and while the exact mechanisms for this karyotypic instability is largely unknown, their DDR machinery is thought to be highly stressed. The ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS) is involved in the regulation of several cellular functions including DDR and in particular HR. In addition proteasome inhibitors are reported to induce an unfolded protein response (UPR) in MM cells resulting in their apoptotic death. We have postulated that inhibition of the 26S proteasome also alters the DNA-DSB repair machinery leading to a BRCAness state in MM cells, sensitizing them to PARP inhibitors. Methods and results: In order to biochemically inhibit PARP in MM cells, we used a novel selective inhibitor of PARP1 and PARP2, 2-(R)-2-methylpyrrolidin-2-yl]-1H-benzimidazole-4-carboxamide or ABT-888. We first demonstrated inhibition of PARP activity as measured by a reduction in poly-ADP-ribose (PAR) polymer levels (western blotting) in human MM cell lines (MM1S, U266, H929, RPMI8226, KMS-11, OPM2, INA-6) treated with ABT-888 (5 μM). PARP inhibition and the reduction of PAR levels resulted in DNA damage as evidenced by ATM phosphorylation and induced DNA-DSBs with increased γH2AX (phospho-Ser139-H2AX) levels within 6–12 hours of MM cells treatment with ABT-888. Increased γH2AX foci formation was also detected by immunofluorescent staining within 6–12 hours of ABT-888 treatment and nearly fully resolved by 24 hours, consistent with repair of resultant DNA-DSBs. As expected treatment with ABT-888 alone had no effect on the viability of MM cells consistent with their ability to repair DNA-DSBs resulting from PARP inhibition. We then examined the effect of bortezomib on HR-mediated repair of DNA-DSBs, in particular on the BRCA/FA pathway. A significant reduction of MM cells' FANCD2, BRCA1, BRCA2 and RAD51 mRNA levels (qRT-PCR) was observed within 6–12 hours of bortezomib treatment (10 nM). Similar results were observed at the protein level indicating that bortezomib impedes homology-directed DNA-DSBs repair and results in an operational BRCAness state in MM cells. Therefore, we next tested whether this bortezomib-induced BRCAness was sufficient to sensitize MM cells to PARP inhibition with ABT-888. Consistent with our hypothesis, we observed that co-treatment of MM cell lines with bortezomib and ABT-888 lead to persistent and increased γH2AX foci at 24 hours compared to treatment with ABT-888 alone. Co-treatment also significantly potentiated cell death (Annexin V/PI staining) compared to treatment with bortezomib alone. Similar results were observed in CD138+ primary MM cells (n=8) with strong synergistic effect (CI < 1) between bortezomib and ABT-888. Importantly, no impaired viability (Annexin/PI staining) or function (colony forming unit assay) was noted for CD138− cells or CD34+ peripheral blood stem cells after bortezomib and ABT-888 co-treatment. Mechanistic studies have also shown that apoptotic events (caspase 3, caspase 8 and PARP cleavage) are markedly enhanced by this combination. Based on our in vitro data, we evaluated in vivo the activity of ABT-888 in combination with bortezomib in a Scid murine xenograft model of human MM. Significant inhibition of tumour growth (p<0.005) was noted in mice treated with the combination of bortezomib and ABT-888 compared to bortezomib alone or control-treated mice. This tumour growth inhibition also resulted in a significant increase in survival (p<0.05) of the animals. No toxicity (e.g. weight loss, ruffled coats, paralysis, etc.) was observed in mice treated with the combination. Induction of DNA-DSBs was also confirmed in vivo as shown by an increase in 53BP1 and γH2AX foci formation in tumors of mice treated with the combination compared to bortezomib alone. Conclusion: Our studies indicate that bortezomib induces a BRCAness state in MM cells by impairing HR-mediated repair of DNA-DSBs and results in a contextual synthetic lethality when combined with the PARP inhibitor ABT-888. These data provide the scientific basis for the future clinical testing of PARP inhibitors in combination with proteasome inhibitors for the treatment of MM. Disclosures: No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.

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Xing, Fei, Mengying Zhang, Ziqi Wang, Guohua Sun, Hongqing Niu, and Dezhen Wu. "The introduction of benzimidazole and ether moieties into poly(p-phenylene terephthalamide): effects on its microstructure, interactions and properties." RSC Advances 9, no. 58 (2019): 33664–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c9ra07335c.

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Co-poly(p-phenylene terephthalamide) fibers containing 4,4′-oxidianiline and 2-(4-aminophenyl)-5-aminobenzimidazole in terephthaloyl chloride and p-phenylene diamine were prepared via a wet spinning method, followed by water washing and drawing at high temperature.

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Wang, Yang, Dan Wang, Yuanjun Song, Lei Zhao, Nahla Rahoui, Bo Jiang, and Yudong Huang. "Investigation of the mechanical properties of the modified poly(p-phenylene benzobisoxazole) fibers based on 2-(4-aminophenyl)-1H-benzimidazol-5-amine." High Performance Polymers 30, no. 5 (May 3, 2017): 511–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0954008317706105.

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Du, Jian-Long, Xiao-Long Zhu, and Pei Li. "catena-Poly[[silver(I)-μ-[9,10-bis(1H-benzimidazol-1-ylmethyl)anthracene]-κ2N3:N3′] bis(nitrato-κO)silver(I)]." Acta Crystallographica Section C Crystal Structure Communications 68, no. 10 (September 6, 2012): m281—m283. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s0108270112035846.

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Yellow needle-shaped crystals of the title compound, {[Ag(C30H22N4)][Ag(NO3)2]}n, were obtained by the reaction of AgNO3and 9,10-bis(benzimidazol-1-ylmethyl)anthracene (L) in a 2:1 ratio. The asymmetric unit consists of two AgIcations, one halfLligand and one nitrate anion. One AgIcation occupies a crystallographic inversion centre and links two N-atom donors of two distinctLligands to form an infinite one-dimensional coordination polymer. The second AgIcation lies on a crystallographic twofold axis and is coordinated by two O-atom donors of two nitrate anions to form an [Ag(NO3)2]−counter-ion. The polymeric chains are linked into a supramolecular frameworkviaweak Ag...O [3.124 (5) Å] and Ag...π (2.982 Å) interactions (π is the centroid of an outer anthracene benzene ring). The π interactions contain two short Ag...C contacts [2.727 (6) and 2.765 (6) Å], which can be considered to define Ag–η2-anthracene bonding interactions. In comparison with a previously reported binuclear AgIcomplex [Du, Hu, Zhang, Zeng & Bu (2008).CrystEngComm,10, 1866–1874], this new one-dimensional coordination polymer was obtained by changing the metal–ligand ratio during the synthesis.

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Rheault, Tara R., Kelly H. Donaldson, Jennifer G. Badiang-Alberti, Ronda G. Davis-Ward, C. Webb Andrews, Ramesh Bambal, Jeffrey R. Jackson, and Mui Cheung. "Heteroaryl-linked 5-(1H-benzimidazol-1-yl)-2-thiophenecarboxamides: Potent inhibitors of polo-like kinase 1 (PLK1) with improved drug-like properties." Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry Letters 20, no. 15 (August 2010): 4587–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bmcl.2010.06.009.

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"MEA Characteristics on Poly (2, 5-benzimidazole) Membrane for High-Temperature PEM Fuel Cells." ECS Meeting Abstracts, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/ma2012-01/28/1081.

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Jiao, Yang, Guofei Chen, Haijun Zhou, Feng Zhang, Xiaoqi Chen, Yantao Li, Xueshan Xiao, and Xingzhong Fang. "Synthesis and properties of processable poly(benzimidazole-imide)s based on 2-(3-aminophenyl)-5-aminobenzimidazole." Journal of Polymer Research 26, no. 12 (December 2019). http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10965-019-1930-2.

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Cao, Kaikai, Yufeng Liu, You Yang, Feng Yuan, Jin Wang, Hanmao Liu, Mengjin Jiang, and Jun Yang. "The preparation and characterization of a heterocyclic meta-aramid fiber with outstanding thermal stability." High Performance Polymers, December 4, 2020, 095400832097441. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0954008320974415.

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A heterocyclic meta-aramid fiber containing benzimidazole structure was prepared by the low-temperature polycondensation of m-phenylenediamine, 2-(4-aminophenyl)-5-benzimidazole, and isophthaloyl dichloride, followed by dry-jet wet spinning. The structure and properties of the heterocyclic modified meta-aramid (h-aramid for short) were explored and compared with poly(isophthaloylmetaphenylene diamine) (m-aramid for short). H-aramid exhibits excellent spinnability. The surface of the fiber is smooth and even, with a partially ordered structure. Mechanical properties, thermal resistance, and flame retardant of h-aramid are significantly enhanced as the introduction of benzimidazole can not only increase the rigidity of molecular chains but also strengthen hydrogen bonds and act as physical crosslinking points. The strength and modulus of h-aramid are up to 0.84 GPa and 16.66 GPa, respectively, with an elongation at break of 20%. The glass transition temperature and melting temperature of h-aramid reach 302°C and 356°C, respectively, about 30°C and 40°C higher than that of m-aramid. Temperature of 10 wt% weight loss under nitrogen and air atmosphere is 17°C and 39°C higher than those of m-aramid. Besides, the thermal degradation behavior of h-aramid was studied, and its degradation process and mechanism was proposed.

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