Relevant bibliographies by topics / Poly(2-oxazoline)

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Book chapters
  4. Conference papers

Academic literature on the topic 'Poly(2-oxazoline)'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 30 January 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Poly(2-oxazoline)"

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Tarabukina, Elena, Emil Fatullaev, Anna Krasova, Maria Sokolova, Mikhail Kurlykin, Igor Neelov, Andrey Tenkovtsev, and Alexander Filippov. "Thermoresponsive Molecular Brushes with a Rigid-Chain Aromatic Polyester Backbone and Poly-2-alkyl-2-oxazoline Side Chains." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 22, no. 22 (November 12, 2021): 12265. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms222212265.

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A new polycondensation aromatic rigid-chain polyester macroinitiator was synthesized and used to graft linear poly-2-ethyl-2-oxazoline as well as poly-2-isopropyl-2-oxazoline by cationic polymerization. The prepared copolymers and the macroinitiator were characterized by NMR, GPC, AFM, turbidimetry, static, and dynamic light scattering. The molar masses of the polyester main chain and the grafted copolymers with poly-2-ethyl-2-oxazoline and poly-2-isopropyl-2-oxazoline side chains were 26,500, 208,000, and 67,900, respectively. The molar masses of the side chains of poly-2-ethyl-2-oxazoline and poly-2-isopropyl-2-oxazoline and their grafting densities were 7400 and 3400 and 0.53 and 0.27, respectively. In chloroform, the copolymers conformation can be considered as a cylinder wormlike chain, the diameter of which depends on the side chain length. In water at low temperatures, the macromolecules of the poly-2-ethyl-2-oxazoline copolymer assume a wormlike conformation because their backbones are well shielded by side chains, whereas the copolymer with short side chains and low grafting density strongly aggregates, which was visualized by AFM. The phase separation temperatures of the copolymers were lower than those of linear analogs of the side chains and decreased with the concentration for both samples. The LCST were estimated to be around 45 °C for the poly-2-ethyl-2-oxazoline graft copolymer, and below 20 °C for the poly-2-isopropyl-2-oxazoline graft copolymer.
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Gieseler, Dan, and Rainer Jordan. "Poly(2-oxazoline) molecular brushes by grafting through of poly(2-oxazoline)methacrylates with aqueous ATRP." Polymer Chemistry 6, no. 25 (2015): 4678–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c5py00561b.

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Yang, Jinxian, Lianwei Li, Chunfeng Ma, and Xiaodong Ye. "Degradable polyurethane with poly(2-ethyl-2-oxazoline) brushes for protein resistance." RSC Advances 6, no. 74 (2016): 69930–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c6ra13663j.

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The effects of chain length and graft density of poly(2-ethyl-2-oxazoline) on the protein resistance of degradable polyurethane-graft-poly(2-ethyl-2-oxazoline) with PCL as the soft segment have been investigated.
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Hoogenboom, Richard, and Helmut Schlaad. "Bioinspired Poly(2-oxazoline)s." Polymers 3, no. 1 (February 11, 2011): 467–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym3010467.

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Sedlacek, Ondrej, Victor R. de la Rosa, and Richard Hoogenboom. "Poly(2-oxazoline)-protein conjugates." European Polymer Journal 120 (November 2019): 109246. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2019.109246.

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Delaittre, Guillaume. "Telechelic poly(2-oxazoline)s." European Polymer Journal 121 (December 2019): 109281. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2019.109281.

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Chen, Chia-Hsiu, Yosuke Niko, and Gen-ichi Konishi. "Amphiphilic gels of solvatochromic fluorescent poly(2-oxazoline)s containing D–π–A pyrenes." RSC Advances 6, no. 49 (2016): 42962–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c6ra06251b.

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Trzebicka, Barbara, Neli Koseva, Violeta Mitova, and Andrzej Dworak. "Organization of poly(2-ethyl-2-oxazoline)-block-poly(2-phenyl-2-oxazoline) copolymers in water solution." Polymer 51, no. 12 (May 2010): 2486–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.polymer.2010.03.043.

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Blokhin, Aleksei N., Alla B. Razina, and Andrey V. Tenkovtsev. "Novel Amphiphilic Star-Shaped Poly(2-Oxazoline)s with Calix[4]Arene Branching Center." Key Engineering Materials 899 (September 8, 2021): 300–308. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.899.300.

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Novel amphiphlic four-arm star-shaped poly (2-alkyl-2-oxazoline) s with calix [4] arene core were synthesized using the “grafting from” approach. The chlorosulfonated calix [4] arene derivative was synthesized and successfully applied as a multifunctional initiator for the cationic ring-opening polymerization of 2-alkyl-2-oxazolines. Obtained star-shaped poly (2-alkyl-2-oxazoline) s were characterized by means of NMR, UV-Vis spectroscopy and gel-permeation chromatography. It was shown that star-shaped poly (2-isopropyl-2-oxazoline) perform thermosensitivity in aqueous solutions.
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Wang, X., X. Li, Y. Li, Y. Zhou, C. Fan, W. Li, S. Ma, et al. "Synthesis, characterization and biocompatibility of poly(2-ethyl-2-oxazoline)–poly(d,l-lactide)–poly(2-ethyl-2-oxazoline) hydrogels." Acta Biomaterialia 7, no. 12 (December 2011): 4149–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.actbio.2011.07.011.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Poly(2-oxazoline)"

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Barnes, Suzanne R. "Size Exclusion Chromatography of Poly(2-ethyl-2-oxazoline) Homopolymers and Poly(ethylene oxide)-b-Poly(2-ethyl-2-oxazoline) Copolymers." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/24907.

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Size exclusion chromatography is the method of choice for characterizing molecular weights and molecular weight distributions of polymers. An important advancement in SEC is multidetection SEC which includes multi-angle laser light scattering, viscometry, refractive index and UV spectroscopy to analyze block and graft copolymers as well as polymers with oligomeric molecular weights. Oligomeric molecular weights present special challenges since the light scattering and viscosity detectors are more sensitive to higher molecular weights and both detectors have low molecular weight threshold values. The molecular weights and distributions of poly(2-ethyl-2-oxazoline) oligomers and block copolymers as well as poly(2-ethyl-2-oxazoline) were investigated by SEC using multiple detectors. Both a universal calibration method and light scattering were used to determine molecular weights and molecular weight distributions. The solvent was N-methylpyrrolidone that contained 0.05M LiBr used to minimize interactions among the polymers and solvent. SEC was used to establish that the diblock copolymers had heterogeneous compositional distributions. The low molecular weights of the diblock and homopolymer made it necessary to use the universal calibration method with combined refractive index and viscometry detectors to determine absolute molecular weights.
Master of Science
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Jordan, Rainer, and Dan Gieseler. "Poly(2-oxazoline) molecular brushes by grafting through of poly(2-oxazoline)methacrylates with aqueous ATRP." Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden, 2015. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:14-qucosa-188802.

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Molecular brushes of poly(2-oxazoline)s (POx) are an intriguing class of polymers as they combine a unique architecture with the properties of POx as a biomaterial. Here, the synthesis of several POx macromonomers with methacrylate end groups and consecutive grafting through polymerization by aqueous atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) at room temperature is reported. 1H-NMR spectroscopy and size exclusion chromatography (SEC) confirmed the synthesis of POx molecular brushes with maximum side chain grafting densities, narrow molar mass distributions (Đ ≤ 1.16) and final molar masses corresponding to the initial macromonomer : initiator ratio. Chain extension experiments show high end group fidelity and formation of block copolymer molecular brushes, and kinetic studies revealed a polymerization behavior of oligo(2-methyl-2-oxazoline) methacrylate very similar to the frequently used oligo(ethylene glycol) methacrylate (OEGMA475). Aqueous solutions of POx molecular brushes with poly(2-ethyl- and 2-isopropyl-2-oxazoline) side chains exhibit the typically defined thermoresponsive behavior with a tunable, very narrow and reversible phase transition
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Liu, Qin. "Poly(2-alkyl-2-oxazoline) containing multiphase systems." Diss., Virginia Tech, 1992. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/37884.

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This research is focused on the polymerization of 2-alkyl-2-oxazoline homopolymers and 2-alkyl-2-oxazoline containing copolymers with well-defined structures. In addition, the potential of selected materials as polymer blend compatibilizers was briefly evaluated. The polymerization of 2-alkyl-2-oxazoline was investigated with regard to the effects of initiator structures on molecular weight control and molecular weight distribution, living characteristics, and mechanisms and kinetics. The structure of initiators was shown to greatly affect the molecular weight control and molecular weight distribution of poly (2-ethyl-2-oxazoline). The living nature of poly (2-ethyl-2-oxazoline) in chlorobenzene initiated by benzyl iodide, benzyl chloride/NaI, or chloroethyl ethyl ether/NaI has been established by Mn-conversion plots and sequential monomer addition experiments. However, the molecular weight distributions of these polymers were not as narrow as Poisson distributions, Mechanistic and kinetic studies of 2-ethyl-2-oxazoline polymerizations suggested that, at very early stages of polymerization, the active species is covalent. After that very early Stage of polymerization, ionic species are present and the overall propagation rates increases. The rate determining step was found to be the initial propagation step(s) using benzyl iodide as the initiator, and initiation and/or the initial propagation step(s) in the case of iodobutane as an initiator. A kinetic study of 2-methyl-2-oxazoline polymerization in CD₃CN also indicated slower initiation than propagation rates using both butyl mesylate and butyl iodide as initiators. Based on the knowledge of 2-alkyl-2-oxazoline homopolymerizations, poly(2-alkyl-2-oxazoline) containing copolymers were prepared using macroinitiator methods, with poly(2-alkyl-2-oxazoline) being either the macroinitiator or the second component synthesized. Narrow distribution poly(dimethylsiloxane) oligomers terminated with benzyl chloride endgroups were prepared by living anionic ring-opening polymerization of hexamethylcyclotrisiloxane followed by termination with a benzyl chloride containing chlorosilane reagent. Cationic ring-opening polymerization of 2-ethyl-2-oxazoline using these macroinitiators in combination with NaI generated a series of well defined block copolymers. Poly(butyl vinyl ether) and poly(methyl vinyl ether) oligomers with Poisson distributions and precisely terminated on one end with a chloroethyl ether functional group were prepared by living cationic polymerization of alkyl vinyl ethers using a chloroethyl vinyl ether/HI initiating system with ZnI₂ as catalyst and terminated by lithium borohydride. The chloroethyl ether functional groups were used in conjunction with sodium iodide to polymerize 2-ethyl-2-oxazoline blocks. In order to insure effective initiation and to narrow the copolymer molecular weight and composition distributions, the chloride to iodide conversion was made prior to the addition of monomer. A series of these diblock materials was prepared wherein the molecular weight distributions ranged from 1.3 to 1.4. The bulk, solution and surface properties of these copolymers were investigated by NMR, DSC, XPS and surface tension measurements. Both types of materials described above are currently being utilized for studying the parameters important for steric stabilization of inorganic particles in polar media. A less defined series of materials was also prepared. Using poly(butyl vinyl ether-co-chloroethyl vinyl ether) random copolymers as: macroinitiators, 2-methyl-2-oxazoline was polymerized, resulting in poly(butyl vinyl ether-2-methyl-2- oxazoline) graft copolymers. Poly(2-methyl-2-oxazoline-ε-caprolactone) block copolymers were prepared using hydroxyterminated poly(2-methyl-2-oxazoline) as miacroinitiators. Poly(butyl vinyl ether-g-2-methyl-2-oxazoline) (PBVE-g-PMOX) or poly(2-methyl-2-oxazoline-b-ε-caprolactone) (PMOX-b-PCL) were screened as potential blend compatibilizers for poly(ε-caprolactam) (Nylon 6) and isotactic poly(propylene). Analysis of these blends by SEM indicated that PBVE-g-PMOX might function as a blend compatibilizer for Nylon 6/poly(propylene) blend while PMOX-b-PCL would not.
Ph. D.
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Bernard, Ayanna Malene. "Molecular modeling of poly(2-ethyl-2-oxazoline)." Diss., Atlanta, Ga. : Georgia Institute of Technology, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/24793.

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Thesis (Ph.D.)--Chemical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2009.
Committee Chair: Peter Ludovice; Committee Member: Amyn Teja; Committee Member: Arthur Ragauskas; Committee Member: William Koros; Committee Member: Yulin Deng.
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Park, Jongryul. "Poly(2-oxazoline) architectures for drug delivery systems." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2021. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/211439/1/Jongryul_Park_Thesis.pdf.

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The overall aim of my PhD research was to develop biocompatible materials, namely poly(2-oxazoline)s, in terms of chemical structures and chemical and physical properties for drug delivery systems. This thesis demonstrated novel strategies and unique approaches towards sophisticated drug delivery formulations. A combination of crosslinking chemistry, thermoresponsive properties, and drug conjugation was introduced to overcome common issues in typical drug delivery devices such as burst drug release and low drug efficiency. Ultimately, this thesis aimed to promote poly(2-oxazoline)s as the most promising emerging polymers in the future.
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Cesana, Sonia. "Functionalization of poly(2-oxazoline)s with cyclic RGD peptides." [S.l. : s.n.], 2004. http://deposit.ddb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?idn=974209643.

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Greß, Anja. "Funktionalisierte Poly(2-oxazoline) : kontrollierte Synthese, bioinspirierte Strukturbildung und Anwendungen." Phd thesis, Universität Potsdam, 2008. http://opus.kobv.de/ubp/volltexte/2008/1864/.

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Funktionalisierte Poly(2-oxazoline) als neue Materialien stellen sowohl unter strukturellen Gesichtspunkten als auch im Hinblick auf potentielle Anwendungen eine interessante Polymerklasse dar. Die Ausbildung von hierarchischen Strukturen mit Poly(2-oxazolinen) über intermolekulare Wasserstoffbrückenbindungen ist hierbei ein bisher nicht beachteter Aspekt. Über einen bioinspirierten Ansatz sollten gezielt funktionelle Gruppen, die für einen hierarchischen Aufbau, z.B. in Proteinen, verantwortlich sind, in vereinfachter Weise auf die synthetische Substanzklasse der Poly(2-oxazoline) übertragen werden. Die vorliegende Arbeit beschäftigt sich mit der modularen Synthese neuer, funktionalisierter Poly(2-oxazolin) Homo- und Copolymere. Ausgehend von der Synthese von 2-(3-Butenyl)-2-oxazolin wurden definierte Präpolymere in einer kationischen Isomerisierungspolymerisation unter kontrolliert/„lebenden“ Bedingungen hergestellt. In einer anschließenden „Thio-Click“ (Thiol-En-Reaktion) Modifizierungsreaktion wurden die gewünschten funktionellen Gruppen quantitativ eingeführt. Hydroxylierte Poly(2-oxazoline) wurden hinsichtlich ihres Aggregationsverhaltens in Wasser untersucht. Bereits die jeweiligen Homopolymere bildeten aufgrund von intermolekularen Wasserstoffbrückenbindungen supramolekulare tubuläre Nanofasern aus. Durch Einsatz verschiedener analytischer Methoden konnte die innere Struktur der Nanoröhren beschrieben und ein entsprechendes Modell aufgestellt werden. Die dargestellten funktionellen Poly(2-oxazoline) wurden hinsichtlich ihrer Anwendung als potentielle, synthetische „antifreeze additives“ untersucht. Alle Polymere besitzen eine ausgeprägte Tendenz zur Nukleierung von Wasser und führen daher zu signifikanten Änderungen der Eismorphologie. Des weiteren wurde ein carboxyliertes Derivat zur biomimetischen Mineralisation von Kalziumcarbonat eingesetzt und nach phänomenologischen Gesichtspunkten untersucht.
Functionalized poly(2-oxazoline)s are a promising class of materials concerning their self-assembly behavior as well as for future applications. Hierarchical structure formation based on hydrogen bonding interactions has not been investigated yet. Applying a bioinspired approach, functional groups promoting hierarchical structure formation are introduced to poly(2-oxazoline)s. This work is focused on the modular synthesis of new functionalized poly(2-oxazoline) homo and copolymers. Starting from the synthesis of the new monomer 2-(3-butenyl)-2-oxazolin, well-defined precursor materials were prepared via cationic isomerization polymerization. Next, the polymers were quantitatively modified with the aimed functional groups using a “thio-click” (thiol-ene) reaction. The aggregation behaviour of hydroxylated poly(2-oxazolines) in water was investigated. Homo- as well as block copolymers can form supramolecular hollow nanofibers via intermolecular hydrogen bonding. Using a variety of different analytical methods, the structure of the nanotubes was determined and a formation model was proposed. Furthermore, the functionalized poly(2-oxazoline)s were investigated as synthetic mimics of natural anti-freeze additives. It was found, that these polymers show the tendency to nucleate water, thus influencing the morphology of ice. Finally, a carboxylated derivative was applied as an additive for the mineralization of calcium carbonate.
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Merckx, R., Thomas Swift, R. Rees, Guyse J. F. R. Van, E. Schoolaert, Clerck K. De, H. Thienpont, and V. V. Jerca. "Förster resonance energy transfer in fluorophore labeled poly(2-ethyl-2-oxazoline)s†." Royal Society of Chemistry, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10454/18374.

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Yes
Dye-functionalized polymers have been extensively studied to understand polymer chain dynamics, intra or inter-molecular association and conformational changes as well as in practical applications such as signal amplification in diagnostic tests and light-harvesting antennas. In this work, the Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET) of dye-functionalized poly(2-ethyl-2-oxazoline) (PEtOx) was studied to evaluate the effect of dye positioning and polymer chain length on the FRET efficiency. Therefore, both α (initiating terminus)- or ω (terminal chain end)-fluorophore single labeled and dual α,ω-fluorescent dye labeled PEtOx were prepared via cationic ring opening polymerization (CROP) using 1-(bromomethyl)pyrene as the initiator and/or 1-pyrenebutyric acid or coumarin 343 as the terminating agent, yielding well-defined PEtOx with high labeling efficiency (over 91%). Fluorescence studies revealed that intramolecular FRET is most efficient for heterotelechelic PEtOx containing both pyrene and coumarin 343 fluorophores as chain ends, as expected. A strong dependence of the energy transfer on the chain length was found for these dual labeled polymers. The polymers were tested in both dilute organic (chloroform) and aqueous media revealing a higher FRET efficiency in water due to the enhanced emissive properties of pyrene. The application of dual labeled polymers as fluorescent probes for temperature sensing was demonstrated based on the lower critical solution temperature behavior of the PEtOx. Furthermore, these polymers could be successfully processed into fibers and thin films. Importantly, the fluorescence properties were retained in the solid state without decreasing the FRET efficiency, thus opening future possibilities for application of these materials in solar cells and/or sensors.
The full-text of this article will be released for public view at the end of the publisher embargo on 8 Sep 2021.
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Celebi, Oguzhan. "Synthesis and Characterization of Poly(2-Ethyl-2-Oxazoline) Functional Prepolymers and Block Copolymers." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/24908.

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This dissertation focuses on the synthesis and characterization of functional poly(2-ethyl-2-oxazoline) (PEtOx) containing homo- and block copolymers that are potential materials for membrane-based water purification and gas separation, drug delivery, magnetic resonance imaging and tissue engineering applications. The polymerization of 2-ethyl-2-oxazoline (EtOx) was investigated with regard to the effects of initiator structures and reaction parameters such as polymerization time and temperature on molecular weight control and molecular weight distribution, endgroup functionality, living characteristics, and mechanism and kinetics. The structure of initiators was shown to significantly affect the molecular weight control and molecular weight distribution of PEtOx oligomers. Methyl triflate initiated polymerizations were found to result in oligomers with low polydispersity (PDI) values around 1.10-1.15 and symmetrical chromatograms were obtained via size exclusion chromatography (SEC) studies with the use of refractive index, light scattering and viscosity detectors. However, EtOx polymerizations initiated by halide containing initiators such as benzyl chloride, dibromo- and diiodo-p-xylene, and vinylsilylpropyl iodides yielded PEtOx oligomers with higher PDI values ~ 1.30-1.40. Higher molecular weight distributions can be attributed to the presence of covalent species during polymerization and slower initiation rate as evidenced by kinetic studies when compared to PEtOx prepared from methyl triflate initiators. In all cases, termination reactions with aliphatic cyclic amines were quantitative. Mono- and diamine functional PEtOx oligomers with controlled molecular weight and excellent end-group functionality may be used as prepolymers for incorporation into multiblock and graft copolymer and crosslinked structures for a variety of applications such as membranes and hydrogels for tissue engineering matrices. Poly(2-ethyl-2-oxazoline) containing block copolymers were prepared using the macroinitiator method. First, amphiphilic triblock copolymers with hydrophobic poly(arylene ether sulfone) (PSF) central block and hydrophilic PEtOx side blocks were synthesized via polymerization of EtOx sequences from tosylate functional telechelic PSF macroinitiators. PSFs are well-known engineering thermoplastics with excellent resistance to hydrolysis and oxidation, as well as displaying good mechanical properties, thermal stability and toughness. Phenol functional PSFs were prepared via step-growth polymerization of dichlorodiphenylsulfone and bisphenol-A (slight excess) monomers. Phenolic chain ends were then converted to aliphatic hydroxyethyl endgroups by reaction with ethylene carbonate. Upon treatment with p-toluenesulfonyl chloride, tosylate functional PSF macroinitiators were prepared. PEtOx-b-PSF-b-PEtOx triblock copolymers (pendent acyl groups of PEtOx side blocks) were partially hydrolyzed in an acidic medium to introduce random charged poly(ethylene imine) units to prepare ionomer structures that may show good salt rejection, water flux and antibacterial properties for membrane-based water purification applications. Phosphonic acid modified poly(ethylene oxide)-b-poly(2-ethyl-2-oxazoline) (PEO-b-PEtOx) diblock copolymers were prepared via cationic ring opening polymerization of EtOx monomers from tosylate functional PEO macroinitiators and subsequent functionalization reactions on the polyoxazoline block. Post-modification reactions included controlled partial pendent acyl group hydrolysis under an acidic medium to form the random block copolymers of PEtOx and poly(ethyleneimine) (PEI), Michael addition of diethylvinyl phosphonate groups to PEI units and hydrolysis of the ethyl groups on the phosphonates to yield pendent phosphonic acid groups on the polyoxazoline block. After each step of functionalization reactions, structures and compositions were confirmed utilizing 1H NMR and the degree of phosphorylation was found to be > 95%. Both PEO and PEtOx are biocompatible polymers and the anionic quality of the phosphonic acid has the potential to be pH controllable and provide an environment where cationic drugs and contrast agents can be attached. Thus, these polymers have potential as drug carriers and contrast enhancement agents for magnetic resonance imaging applications.
Ph. D.
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Fisher, Adam. "Some novel biological applications of polymers based on poly(2-oxazoline)s." Thesis, University of Southampton, 2015. https://eprints.soton.ac.uk/380885/.

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Poly(2-oxazoline)s have attracted much attention in recent times due to their potential advantages over other similar polymers. They are easy to synthesise while maintaining control over length, polydispersity and functionality1, 2. Furthermore the 2-methyl and 2-ethyl poly(2-oxazoline)s have both been shown to be ‘stealth’ biopolymers similar to that of poly(ethyleneglycol), (PEG)3 suitable for biological applications. Poly(2-isopropy-2-oxazoline), poly(2-n-propyl-2-oxazoline) and poly(2-ethyl-2-oxazoline) have all been found to show thermoresponsive behaviour and are therefore potential alternatives to poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (PNiPAAm)4, 5. We are interested in exploiting these properties of poly(2-oxazoline)s in novel applications particularly in the biological context. We describe the synthesis and characterisation of poly(2-oxazoline) homo and co-polymers with particular attention paid to their cloud point temperature behaviour. We then developed a method to allow poly(2-oxazoline)s to be covalently attached to glass using a ‘grafting-to’ approach. We then successfully demonstrated their potential as cell selective surfaces. Two different classes of thermogelling materials have also been synthesised, one based on a carboxymethylcellulose co-polymer and another poly(2-oxazoline) only co-polymer. Both of these materials have been characterised using rheology and their potential for tissue engineering applications has been demonstrated. Finally the non-fouling properties of poly(2-methyl-2-oxazoline) coated surfaces has been explored. It has been shown that the non-fouling behaviour is dependent on the way in which bacteria are brought in contact with the surfaces.
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Book chapters on the topic "Poly(2-oxazoline)"

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Obeid, Rodolphe. "Poly(2-Oxazoline)." In Polymers for Biomedicine, 31–50. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118967904.ch2.

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Wohlfarth, Ch. "Partial specific volume of poly(2-ethyl-2-oxazoline)." In Polymer Solutions, 467. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-02890-8_245.

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Wohlfarth, Ch. "Second virial coefficient of poly(2-ethyl-2-oxazoline)." In Polymer Solutions, 858. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-02890-8_532.

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Wohlfarth, Ch. "Second virial coefficient of poly(2-methyl-2-oxazoline)." In Polymer Solutions, 982. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-02890-8_613.

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Morgese, Giulia, and Edmondo M. Benetti. "Surface Functionalization of Biomaterials by Poly(2-oxazoline)s." In Polymers for Biomedicine, 457–85. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118967904.ch15.

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Zahoranová, Anna, and Juraj Kronek. "Hydrogels Based on Poly(2-oxazoline) S for Pharmaceutical Applications." In Handbook of Polymers for Pharmaceutical Technologies, 231–58. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781119041559.ch10.

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Chiu, Thomas T., Bruce P. Thill, and William J. Fairchok. "Poly(2-ethyl-2-oxazoline): A New Water- and Organic-Soluble Adhesive." In Advances in Chemistry, 425–33. Washington, DC: American Chemical Society, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ba-1986-0213.ch023.

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Moreadith, Randall W., and Tacey X. Viegas. "Poly(2-Oxazoline) Polymers - Synthesis, Characterization, and Applications in Development of POZ Therapeutics." In Polymers for Biomedicine, 51–75. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118967904.ch3.

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Sedlacek, Ondrej, Victor R. de la Rosa, and Richard Hoogenboom. "Poly(2-oxazoline)–protein conjugates." In Polymer-Protein Conjugates, 407–20. Elsevier, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-444-64081-9.00018-8.

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Conference papers on the topic "Poly(2-oxazoline)"

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Anghelache, Alina-Maria, Valentin Victor Jerca, Dumitru Mircea Vuluga, and Mircea Teodorescu. "SYNTHESIS OF NOVEL THERMORESPONSIVE POLYMERS BASED ON POLY(2-SUBSTITUTED-2-OXAZOLINE)S." In International Symposium "The Environment and the Industry". National Research and Development Institute for Industrial Ecology, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.21698/simi.2016.0048.

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Bronzeri, Leonardo, Maria Felisberti, and Cony Gauche. "Synthesis and Characterisation of Poliurethanic Hydrogel Based on Poly(2-ethyl-2-oxazoline) (PEtOx) and Polycaprolactone (PCL)." In Congresso de Iniciação Científica UNICAMP. Universidade Estadual de Campinas, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.20396/revpibic2720191893.

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John, Sam, James Baben George, and Abraham Joseph. "Photoluminescence of Co: ZnNiO and Zr: ZnNiO nanocomposites capped with biodegradable polymer poly (2-ethyl-2-oxazoline)." In 2ND INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON CONDENSED MATTER AND APPLIED PHYSICS (ICC 2017). Author(s), 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.5032749.

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Xu, Lei-ming, Wei Chen, and Zhu-bing He. "Robust interface engineering for High-performance and Stable inverted planar perovskite solar cells via both poly(2-ethyl-2-oxazoline) nanodots." In Optical Nanostructures and Advanced Materials for Photovoltaics. Washington, D.C.: OSA, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/pv.2016.pm4b.4.

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Morales Martín, Daniel, Antonella Magali Della Festa, and Alicia Sánchez Ortiz. "MOISTURE SENSITIVE EASEL PAINTINGS: A PRACTICAL APPLICATION OF FILLING AND TEXTURING OF LOSSES WITH AQUAZOL® BASED FILLER." In RECH6 - 6th International Meeting on Retouching of Cultural Heritage. València: Editorial Universitat Politècnica de València, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/rech6.2021.13547.

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Abstract:
The filling of losses in easel paintings must provide the level and texture of the original pictorial layers. Synthetic poly-2-ethyl-2-oxazoline based stucco (Aquazol®) has been one of the latest additions with good results in the filling of paintings on canvas. The main objective of this research is to determine the properties of Aquazol® 200 based filler as a texturing filling with respect to its workability and its mechanical behaviour in relation to the structural stability of different textile substrates. To this end, two case studies have been used as a starting point, both of which share the need to find a stucco that does not add moisture to the canvas and that can reproduce the texture of the painting layer. In the experimental part, 18 mock-ups were made reproducing the pictorial surface of each work, as well as the restoration treatments of their supports. These were subjected to accelerated ageing to qualitatively analyse the stability of the filling before and after. After testing, it was found that Aquazol® 200 has excellent qualities for levelling and texturing gaps on moisture-sensitive substrates. The good ability to reproduce brush grooves, small impasti and smooth surfaces is noteworthy. On the other hand, a satisfactory result was not achieved on very pronounced impasto, requiring further study.
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Seymour, Kate, María Vicente, Betlem Alapont, and Christa Molenaar. "INNOVATIVE APPROACHES FOR THE RE-INTEGRATION OF FIFTEENTH-CENTURY SPANISH PANEL PAINTINGS." In RECH6 - 6th International Meeting on Retouching of Cultural Heritage. València: Editorial Universitat Politècnica de València, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/rech6.2021.13516.

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The Suermondt-Ludwig Museum (Aachen) holds five Spanish fifteenth-century panel paintings in their collection. The five panels are all fragments, likely removed from their original settings at the turn of the nineteenth century during the upheaval of the Napoleonic Wars and sold on the art market after extensive restoration. Three of these five panels have been already treated at SRAL. The additional two will undergo a full conservation campaign in the coming year carried out in collaboration with conservation students from the University of Amsterdam and conservation training programmes in Spain. A treatment protocol was devised to ensure a systematic and sympathetic treatment, including reintegration. This provided key skill development for the trainee conservators. The removal of non-original surface materials revealed overcleaned and severely damaged surfaces. The integration of these surfaces required an innovative approach to return a sense of authenticity to the artworks, individually and as a disparate group. The subtle shift in gloss and texture between areas of paint and gilding, between different pigments bound in animal glue, egg tempera, and oleo-resinous glazes had been lost. The selection of conservation materials for infilling and retouching aimed to return this ephemeral play on light to the surfaces. This paper will discuss this innovative approach using the reintegration of one of the set of five panel paintings: the “Adoration of the Kings” (Inventory number: GK 243) as a case study. The materials were carefully chosen so as not to be mistaken for original materials in the future. The approach entailed thinking out of the box and approaching the filling and retouching stages simultaneously rather than as independent actions. This allowed a more holistic strategy to reintegration than if all losses were filled first prior to retouching. The filling materials utilised are based on a studio formulation consisting of a novel combination: Arbocel 500 (cellulose fibres) bound in a mixture of Aquazol 500 (poly(2-ethyl-2-oxazoline)) and Methocel A4M (methylcellulose) bound in water. This mixture was used to fill deeper losses and modified with aluminium hydroxide powder to create a surface fill. The protocol used began with testing of the materials to find the right formulation; adaptations for the typology of fill were incorporated into this design. The filler formulation is modified to best adapt to the specific losses in each area of each panel. The decision not to re-varnish the panels allowed filling and retouching to be carried out simultaneously and the different gloss surfaces of individual paint areas to be imitated by modifying the amount of retouching binding media (Aquazol 200 dissolved in ethanol/water). The resulting appearance allows different colour and surface finishes to retain their independent characteristics and returns a more authentic surface finish to the fifteenth-century artworks.
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