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A.M., Gnatyuk. "Biomorphological рeculiarities and poly-variance of ontogenesis of Delphinium sergii Wissjul. (Ranunculaceae Juss.) ex situ". Plant Introduction 74 (1 червня 2017): 26–33. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.2299478.
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<strong>Objective </strong> – to study biomorphologycal peculiarities and poly-variance of ontognesis of <em>Delphinium sergii </em>Wissjul. at M.M. Gryshko National Botanical Garden of the NAS of Ukraine. <strong>Material and methods. </strong>It is investigated of ontogenesis and polymorphism of <em>D. sergii</em> plants in culture. <strong>Results.</strong>The poly-variance (structural and dynamical) in different individuals is discovered and described. The structural poly-variance is discovered in methods of reproduction, dimensional and morphological heterogeneity of even-aged individuals and individuals at one stage of ontogeny too. The dynamical poly-variance is manifested in a different rate of passage stages in ontogeny. The difference in the formation of inflorescences, shape and color of flowers and seeds, passing stages of ontogeny, size, reproduction and longevity in different individuals are showed. The different ways of creating a <em>D. sergii</em> bimorph in ontogeny is described. <strong>Conclusions.</strong> It is noted that for study of age structure on natural or introduction populations of <em>D. sergii</em> is sufficient consideration of the main species ontogenetic states. The study should be carried out before flowering of plants. For identification the ontogenetic states of individuals is possible to explore the aerial parts only (number, size, and degree dissected leaves blades). It is not for damaging the soil and plants.
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Erben, Antonija, Josipa Matić, Nikola Basarić, and Ivo Piantanida. "The Phenanthridine-modified Tyrosine Dipeptide." Croatica chemica acta 92, no. 2 (2019): 249–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.5562/cca3542.
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Dipeptide 4 containing two unnatural amino acids, a modified tyrosine and a phenanthridine derivative, was synthesized. Binding of the dipeptide to a series of polynucleotides including ct-DNA, poly A - poly U, poly (dAdT)2, poly dG - poly dC and poly (dGdC)2 was investigated by thermal denaturation experiments, fluorescence spectroscopy and circular dichroism. Thermal denaturation experiments indicated that dipeptide 4 at pH 5.0, when phenanthridine is protonated, stabilizes ds-DNA, whereas it destabilizes ds-RNA. At pH 7.0, when the phenanthridine is not protonated, effects of 4 to the polynucleotide melting temperatures are negligible. At pH 5.0, dipeptide 4 stabilized DNA double helices, and the changes in the CD spectra suggest different modes of binding to ds-DNA, most likely the intercalation to poly dG- poly dC and non-specific binding in grooves of other DNA polynucleotides. At variance to ds-DNA, addition of 4 destabilized ds-RNA against thermal denaturation and CD results suggest that addition of 4 probably induced dissociation of ds-RNA into ss-RNA strands due to preferred binding to ss-RNA. Thus, 4 is among very rare small molecules that stabilize ds-DNA but destabilize ds-RNA. However, fluorescence titrations with all polynucleotides at both pH values gave similar binding affinity (log Ka ≈ 5), indicating nonselective binding. Preliminary photochemical experiments suggest that dipeptide 4 reacts in the photochemical reaction, which affects polynucleotides chirality, presumably via quinone methide intermediates that alkylate DNA.
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Víllora, Beatriz, Elisa Larrañaga, Santiago Yubero, Antonio Alfaro, and Raúl Navarro. "Relations among Poly-Bullying Victimization, Subjective Well-Being and Resilience in a Sample of Late Adolescents." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 2 (2020): 590. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17020590.
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The present study examined the relations among poly-bullying victimization (experiencing multiple forms of peer bullying), resilience and subjective well-being. This study specifically examined late adolescents’ resilience as a moderator of the relation between poly-bullying victimization and subjective well-being. In a region of central Spain, 1430 undergraduate students (64% females, 36% males), aged between 18 and 22 years, completed three self-reported measures, including bullying victimization experiences, self-reported subjective well-being and resilience. A substantial proportion of the participants (16.9%) reported being victims of poly-bullying. The results showed that the poly-bullying victimization group reported the poorest subjective well-being and the lowest resilience levels. The regression analyses revealed that resilience was significantly and positively associated with subjective well-being, and resilience moderated the association between poly-bullying victimization and subjective well-being. However, the relation was very weak and accounted for only an additional 1% of variance in the participants’ subjective well-being. Future research should assess resilience trajectories of youth exposed to multiple forms of bullying victimization in order to better understand the potential protective effect of resilience over negative mental health outcomes.
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Moisan, Caroline, Martine Hébert, Mylène Fernet, Martin Blais, and Laetitia Mélissande Amédée. "Resilience Portfolios and Poly-Strengths: Identifying Strengths Associated with Wellbeing after Adversity." International Journal of Child and Adolescent Resilience 6, no. 1 (2020): 19–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/1069073ar.
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Objectives: This study aimed to describe the prevalence of traumas and strengths in a representative sample of Quebec youth and to test whether poly-strengths were associated with low psychological distress, after controlling for poly-traumas. Method: Using data from the Quebec Youths’ Romantic Relationships survey (QYRRS), hierarchical logistic regressions were conducted to examine the relationship between poly-strengths and low levels of psychological distress, and to identify which strengths were associated with outcomes, after accounting for demographic variables and individuals’ experiences of traumas. Results: More than a third of the sample experienced 4 traumas or more (37.0%). The average number of experienced traumas was 3.04 out of 10 measured traumas. More than half of the sample had at least 5 strengths, the average number of strengths being 3.95 (out of 8). Two third (67.6%) of the sample did not suffer from psychological distress. Among poly-victims, half of the participants (49.6%) showed clinical symptoms of distress. Poly-strengths were uniquely associated with low of clinical distress. After accounting for demographics and poly-traumas, poly-strengths explained 24.2% of the variance of low levels of psychological distress. Self-esteem, optimism, parental support and attachment, number of sources of support, social support (seeking secure base), and capacity to adapt (resiliency) were uniquely associated with low levels of distress. Conclusion and Implications: The combination of strengths decreases the likelihood of experiencing clinical levels of psychological distress, which can contribute to healthy functioning in context of adversities. Findings highlight the importance of promoting multiple and diverse strengths among youth.
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Liu, Qi-Ying, Anne E. Schaffner, Yoong H. Chang, Dragan Maric, and Jeffery L. Barker. "Persistent Activation of GABAAReceptor/Cl− Channels by Astrocyte-Derived GABA in Cultured Embryonic Rat Hippocampal Neurons." Journal of Neurophysiology 84, no. 3 (2000): 1392–403. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.2000.84.3.1392.
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Whole cell patch-clamp recordings using Cl−-filled pipettes revealed more negative levels of baseline current and associated current variance in embryonic rat hippocampal neurons co-cultured on a monolayer of astrocytes than those cultured on poly-d-lysine. These effects were mimicked by culturing neurons on poly-d-lysine in astrocyte-conditioned medium (ACM). The baseline current and variance decreased immediately in all cells after either local perfusion with saline or exposure to bicuculline, an antagonist of GABA at GABAAreceptor/Cl− channels. Baseline current and variance in all cells reached a nadir at ∼0 mV, the calculated equilibrium potential for Cl−. Perfusion of ACM rapidly induced a sustained current in neurons, which also reversed polarity at ∼0 mV. Bicuculline attenuated or eliminated the ACM-induced current at a concentration that completely blocked micromolar GABA-induced current. Quantitative analyses of spontaneously occurring fluctuations superimposed on the ACM-induced current revealed estimated unitary properties of the underlying channel activity similar to those calculated for GABA's activation of GABAA receptor/Cl−channels. Bicuculline-sensitive synaptic-like transients, which reversed at ∼0 mV, were also detected in neurons cultured in ACM, and these were immediately eliminated along with the negative baseline current and superimposed current fluctuations by perfusion. Furthermore bicuculline-sensitive synaptic-like transients were rapidly and reversibly triggered when ACM was acutely applied. ACM induced an increase in cytoplasmic Ca2+ in cultured embryonic hippocampal neurons that was completely blocked by bicuculline and strychnine. We conclude that astrocytes release diffusible substances, most likely GABA, that persistently activate GABAA receptor/Cl−channels in co-cultured neurons.
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Steffensen, Mikkel Tandrup, Michael Döhler, Dmitri Tcherniak, and Jon Juel Thomsen. "Variance estimation of modal parameters from the poly-reference least-squares complex frequency-domain algorithm." Mechanical Systems and Signal Processing 223 (January 2025): 111905. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ymssp.2024.111905.
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Xiao, Xiao, Yuhang Liu, and Yanci Zhang. "Iterative Low-Poly Building Model Reconstruction from Mesh Soups Based on Contour." Remote Sensing 16, no. 4 (2024): 695. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs16040695.
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Existing contour-based building-reconstruction methods face the challenge of producing low-poly results. In this study, we introduce a novel iterative contour-based method to reconstruct low-poly meshes with only essential details from mesh soups. Our method focuses on two primary targets that determine the quality of the results: reduce the total number of contours, and generate compact surfaces between contours. Specifically, we implemented an iterative pipeline to gradually extract vital contours by loss and topological variance, and potential redundant contours will be removed in a post-processing procedure. Based on these vital contours, we extracted the planar primitives of buildings as references for contour refinement to obtain compact contours. The connection relationships between these contours are recovered for surface generation by a contour graph, which is constructed using multiple bipartite graphs. Then, a low-poly mesh can be generated from the contour graph using our contour-interpolation algorithm based on polyline splitting. The experiments demonstrated that our method produced satisfactory results and outperformed the previous methods.
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Astudillo, Igor, Karla Aspee, Jaime Palomino, Oscar A. Peralta, Victor H. Parraguez, and Monica De los Reyes. "Meiotic Development of Canine Oocytes from Poly-Ovular and Mono-Ovular Follicles after In Vitro Maturation." Animals 13, no. 4 (2023): 648. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani13040648.
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Poly-ovular follicles are defined as those with more than one oocyte present in single follicles. The occurrence frequency of this follicle type is higher in canines than that in other species. This study aimed to evaluate the in vitro meiotic maturation of dog oocytes from this follicle type in comparison to those from mono-ovular follicles of various sizes (small antral, medium antral, and large antral) considering different phases of the estrus cycle (anestrus, proestrus, estrus, and diestrus). Canine oocytes were obtained separately from the poly-ovular and mono-ovular antral follicles from the ovaries of adult females. In each experimental replicate, cumulus-oocyte complexes (COCs) from poly-ovular and mono-ovular follicles were incubated in supplemented TCM-199 at 38.5 °C and 5% CO2 for 72 h. After culturing, the meiotic development of each oocyte was evaluated using epifluorescence microscopy. Meiotic stages were classified into germinal vesicle (GV), germinal vesicle breakdown (GVBD), first metaphase (MI), and second metaphase (MII). Data were evaluated using an analysis of variance. Oocytes from poly-ovular follicles at all phases exhibited a higher (p < 0.05) percentage of oocytes arrested at the GV stage than those from mono-ovular follicles, showing the highest rate of GV in small antral follicles during anestrus. In contrast, there were no differences in MII rates (p < 0.05) in oocytes from mono-ovular and poly-ovular follicles during the estrus and diestrus phases in all sizes evaluated, with the highest MII rate in estrus. These results suggest that oocytes from poly-ovular follicles can resume meiosis at a slower rate than those from mono-ovular follicles; however, the maturation in vitro of such oocytes is possible. Furthermore, the relationship between the maturation capacity of oocytes from both poly-ovular and mono-ovular follicles depends on the ovarian cycle and follicular development.
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Abegunrin, T. P., O. I. Ojo, and M. O. Lasisi. "Comparative Assessment of Crop Water Productivity of Drip Irrigated Green Pepper under Poly-House and Open-Field Conditions." Asian Soil Research Journal 7, no. 4 (2023): 45–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.9734/asrj/2023/v7i4140.
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Crop water productivity (CWP) is a crucial factor in determining the sustainability of agricultural practices. Drip irrigation is a method that has shown potential in improving CWP in crop production. The study aimed to compare the crop water productivity of green pepper production under poly-house and open-field environments during 2020/2021 and 2021/2022 growing seasons. The experiment was conducted during the dry seasons of 2020.2021 and 2021/2022 at the Teaching and Research Field of Federal Polytechnic, Ado-Ekiti, Nigeria. The beds were prepared, nursery was established, drip irrigation system was installed and fumigation was carried out before transplanting. The experimental design was a randomized complete block (RCBD) with nine replications in each environment. The same design was applied to both poly-house and open-field conditions. The factors are environment (poly-house and open-field) and irrigation intervals of 5, 6 and 7 days (I5, I6 and I7). Data obtained were subjected to analysis of variance and Tukey’s Honestly Significant Difference (HSD) was used for multiple comparison. Drip irrigation was applied to all plots at different irrigation intervals. The results showed that the crop water productivity under poly-house and open-field environments in 2020/2021 growing season were: I5: 29.67, I6: 36.97, I7: 20.92 and I5: 17.06, I6: 21.45, I7: 12.21 kg/m3. Similarly, in the 2021/2022 growing season, the CWP values were I5: 16.90, I6: 23.27, I7: 12.95 and I5: 9.60, I6: 14.01, I7: 6.81 kg/m3 under poly-house and open-field, respectively. The results revealed that water productivity was more efficient at low levels of water supply in the poly-house during the 2020/2021 and 2021/2022 growing seasons. The production of green pepper under poly-house increased water conservation, reduced nutrient leaching, enhanced crop productivity for sustainable agricultural practices and water management.
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Sun, Grace Y., Meena Navidi, Fu-Gen Yoa, W. Gibson Wood, and Albert Y. Sun. "Effects of chronic ethanol administration on poly-phosphoinositide metabolism in the mouse brain: variance with age." Neurochemistry International 22, no. 1 (1993): 11–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0197-0186(93)90063-b.
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Mohamed, Abdul Rahman, Nur Atiqah, Mohammad Yeakub Ali, and M. S. H. Chowdhury. "Tool Vibration due to High Speed Micro End Milling Parameters." Applied Mechanics and Materials 372 (August 2013): 364–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.372.364.
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This paper presents the effect of high speed micro end milling parameters on tool vibration during machining of poly (methyl methacrylate) (PMMA). The main focus is to achieve minimum tool vibration by controlling the cutting parameters; spindle speed, feed rate and depth of cut. An empirical model for tool vibration has been developed using Taguchi method. The orthogonal array, signal-to-noise ratio and analysis of variance revealed that high spindle speed is the most influential parameter to increase the level of tool vibration.
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Shukla, Arjun, V. M. Prasad, Vijay Bahadur, and Samir E. Topno. "Comparative Studies of Tomato and Cherry Tomatoes Different Varieties under Poly House Condition." International Journal of Advances in Agricultural Science and Technology 8, no. 8 (2021): 201–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.47856/ijaast.2021.v08i8.022.
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Research was carried out at Vegetable Research Farm, Department of horticulture, SHUATS, Prayagraj (U.P.) during winter season of 2020 - 2021, to evaluate different varieties of poly house condition traits of 7 Hybrids, with three replications in Randomized Block Design (RBD). Analysis of variance in the present investigation indicated that the genotypes evaluated differed significantly among all the treatment for all Thirteen traits. The hybrids Arka rakshak (887.01 kg) yield/hac and Total cost of cultivation (INR ha-1) 72,250.00. Cost Benefit Ratio of different varieties of tomato, Variable cost and total cost of cultivation of different varieties, Economics of cherry tomato and tomatos, Yield per hectare & plant height (cm).
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Cason, Chevelle A., Stuart A. Oehrle, Thomas A. Fabré, et al. "Improved Methodology for Monitoring Poly(amidoamine) Dendrimers Surface Transformations and Product Quality by Ultra Performance Liquid Chromatography." Journal of Nanomaterials 2008 (2008): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2008/456082.
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Ultra performance liquid chromatography (UPLC) analysis was utilized for the first time as a methodology for monitoring poly(amidoamine) (PAMAM) dendrimer surface transformations and product quality. Results were compared to high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and were found to provide a vastly improved analytical method for the characterization of dendrimer polydispersity and variance in a typical surface modification. The application of UPLC increased the average number of theoretical plates by a factor of 7 and reduced retention times of analytes by 36%, while improving the resolution capability to discriminate surface variances in dendrimers. The new UPLC procedures were used to monitor surface modification of [core: ethylenediamine]; (G = 4);dendri-poly(amidoamine)-(NH2)64(i.e., [EDA]; (G4);dendri-PAMAM-(NH2)64) to produce biotinylated dendrimer conjugates. The enhanced sensitivity and efficiency of the UPLC analyses allowed resolution of biotin substituent levels and a better characterization of the targeted dendrimer conjugates compared to traditional HPLC methodology.
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Safwa, M. F. Z., T. N. Samarasinghe, A. N. Wijevardhana, H. A. P. A. Shyamalee, and A. L. Ranawake. "Evaluation of genotypic variability and yield performance of selected indigenous and improved <em>Ipomoea batatas</em> L. genotypes under poly sack cultivation." Journal of the National Science Foundation of Sri Lanka 53, no. 1 (2025): 57–72. https://doi.org/10.4038/jnsfsr.v53i1.12174.
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The genotypic diversity of Ipomoea batatas L. is important to enhance resilience against diseases, adaptability to diverse environments, and to provide a broader nutritional profile to address food security challenges. Poly sack cultivation is often considered superior to field cultivation because it offers better control over environmental factors. This study examined the diversity among seventeen indigenous Ipomoea batatas L. accessions compared to five improved varieties through comparative yield analysis under poly sack cultivation. Thirty-three traits were recorded following the standards set by the International Potato Center. Principal component (PC) analysis, cluster analysis and correlation analysis were performed using IBM SPSS 25 statistical software. The four PCs that exceeded Eigenvalue one, explained 76.55% of the total variance. Storage root characteristics and vine diameter contributed to PC1, while leaf, petiole, internodal and vine characteristics contributed to PC2. Four distinct clusters were identified at cluster distance ten in the hierarchical agglomerative clustering using Ward linkage. Cluster II comprised the thickest storage roots. Accessions TJ19, TJ11, TJ1, and TJ20 were the best-performing under poly sack cultivation yielding 2.93 kg, 2.43 kg, 2.42 kg and 2.27 kg, respectively. These genotypes show potential for promoting urban cultivation of I. batatas in poly sack cultivation. Yield variation of I. batatas genotypes under different cultivation techniques must be considered when integrating them into farming systems since the best-yielding genotypes in field cultivation did not necessarily achieve the highest yields in poly sack cultivation. The existing flesh colour, shape of storage root, yield variation, and canopy characteristics can be utilized for breeding purposes in the future. Future studies should focus on controlling vegetative growth to optimize yield through pruning or trailing, as many vegetative growth parameters were inversely correlated with yield.
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Berutu, Evi Yuni Hernika, Afzalani Afzalani, Hutwan Syarifudin, R. A. Muthalib, Fachroerrozi Hoesni, and Raguati Raguati. "Penggunaan Slurry sebagai Pupuk Organik terhadap Kualitas dan Fermentabilitas Rumput Setaria (Setaria splendida Stapf) di Rumen." Jurnal Ilmiah Universitas Batanghari Jambi 24, no. 3 (2024): 2031. http://dx.doi.org/10.33087/jiubj.v24i3.5714.
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Biogas slurry is an organic product derived from livestock manure and produced through an aerobic fermentation process that can be used to improve soil fertility, forage production, and quality. This study aimed to investigate the effect of slurry organic fertilizer on crude protein content, crude fiber, and total fermentation gas production in the rumen in vitro . The study was conducted in a completely randomized design (CRD), consisting of five treatments of slurry levels as organic fertilizer and four replications consisting of two experimental units. The treatments consisted of S0 = without slurry, S1 = slurry 20 g/polybag, S2 = slurry 25 g/polybag, S3 = slurry 30 g/polybag, and S4 = slurry 35 g/polybag. The variables measured in this study were crude protein content, crude fiber, and total fermentation gas production. The data obtained were analyzed using a variance analysis (ANOVA). Duncan’s test was used to determine the effect of different levels of slurry on the measured parameters. The results showed that the use of slurry as an organic fertiliser increases crude protein content by an average of 16.06%, increases crude protein production from 1.47 g/poly bag to 96.38 g/poly bag and improves fermentability in the rumen by an average of 8.08% of setaria grass (Setaria splendida Stapf). The use of slurry at the level of 35 g/poly bag is recommended for the cultivation of setaria grass (Setaria splendida Stapf).
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Wu, Chia-Yang, Wai-Bun Lui, and Jinchyau Peng. "Optimization of Extrusion Variables and Maleic Anhydride Content on Biopolymer Blends Based on Poly(hydroxybutyrate-co-hydroxyvalerate)/Poly(vinyl acetate) with Tapioca Starch." Polymers 10, no. 8 (2018): 827. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym10080827.
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Poly(3-hyroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate) (PHBV), poly(vinyl acetate) (PVAc), and tapioca starch are environment-friendly materials. The present study used these materials to produce biodegradable plastic pellets by melt extrusion. The tapioca starch content of composite formulations, the maleic anhydride content, and the screw speed of the extruder were chosen as variables for the extrusion process. A Box-Behnken response surface design was used to establish mathematical models to predict the relationship between the operating variables and the objective attributes (tensile strength, elongation at break, and water absorption) of the blends. Blend morphology was also assessed. The regression coefficients revealed that the extrusion parameters most significantly affecting extrudate responses were tapioca starch content and maleic anhydride content, both showing significant (p < 0.01) linear effects. The results of the analysis of variance found the models are in good agreement with experimental results as informed by high correlation coefficients (R2 > 0.9), with no significant lack of fit. From the numerical analysis, optimized operating variables (20.13% tapioca starch content, 10.14% maleic anhydride content, and a screw speed of 41.3 rpm) produced a product with optimum values of 16.4 MPa tensile strength, 13.2% elongation at break, and 30.94% water absorption.
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Bihari, Bipin, Anusha Priya, Basant Kumar Jha, Avinash Kumar, and Shivam Mishra. "Empowering Women Agripreneurs through Government Livelihood Initiatives: A Case Study of Jharkhand, India." Indian Journal of Extension Education 60, no. 4 (2024): 83–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.48165/ijee.2024.60415.
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The study evaluates the impacts of targeted interventions implemented by the Central and state government in Jharkhand, India. Being a part of Ph.D. thesis, 260 beneficiaries from 13 blocks in three districts of Jharkhand were selected, and data was conducted during the year 2023-24. Conclusions were derived using descriptive and inferential statistics. The research revealed that all respondents were beneficiaries of the National Rural Livelihood Mission (NRLM), followed by Jharkhand Opportunities for Harnessing Rural Growth (JOHAR) (92.7%) and Jharkhand Horticulture Intensification by Micro Drip Irrigation (JHIMDI) (14.2%). The investigation also identified a substantial increase in the ownership of assets such as poly houses, poultry sheds, and micro drip systems. Income, expenditure, and savings in these areas demonstrated statistical significance after association with the programs. Income in agriculture, livestock, fisheries, and agribusiness improved significantly after receiving benefits. Principal component analysis identified three principal components with Eigen values > 1.0, with a cumulative variance of 71.03. Four entrepreneurial behavior traits-Innovativeness, Risk-bearing ability, Self-confidence, and Planning Orientation-were highly influenced by Principal Component 1, explaining 29.6 per cent of the total variance.
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Irmejs, Reinis, Mari Carmen Bañuls, and J. Ignacio Cirac. "Efficient Quantum Algorithm for Filtering Product States." Quantum 8 (June 27, 2024): 1389. http://dx.doi.org/10.22331/q-2024-06-27-1389.
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We introduce a quantum algorithm to efficiently prepare states with a small energy variance at the target energy. We achieve it by filtering a product state at the given energy with a Lorentzian filter of width &#x03B4;. Given a local Hamiltonian on N qubits, we construct a parent Hamiltonian whose ground state corresponds to the filtered product state with variable energy variance proportional to &#x03B4;N. We prove that the parent Hamiltonian is gapped and its ground state can be efficiently implemented in poly(N,1/&#x03B4;) time via adiabatic evolution. We numerically benchmark the algorithm for a particular non-integrable model and find that the adiabatic evolution time to prepare the filtered state with a width &#x03B4; is independent of the system size N. Furthermore, the adiabatic evolution can be implemented with circuit depth O(N2&#x03B4;&#x2212;4). Our algorithm provides a way to study the finite energy regime of many body systems in quantum simulators by directly preparing a finite energy state, providing access to an approximation of the microcanonical properties at an arbitrary energy.
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Chin, Patrick Y. K., William D. Regan, Derek Plausinis, et al. "Two-year results of a multi-centre, randomized controlled trial comparing a second-generation uncemented trabecular metal-backed versus cemented polyethylene glenoid component in total shoulder arthroplasty." Bone & Joint Open 2, no. 9 (2021): 728–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1302/2633-1462.29.bjo-2021-0073.r1.
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Aims To report early (two-year) postoperative findings from a randomized controlled trial (RCT) investigating disease-specific quality of life (QOL), clinical, patient-reported, and radiological outcomes in patients undergoing a total shoulder arthroplasty (TSA) with a second-generation uncemented trabecular metal (TM) glenoid versus a cemented polyethylene glenoid (POLY) component. Methods Five fellowship-trained surgeons from three centres participated. Patients aged between 18 and 79 years with a primary diagnosis of glenohumeral osteoarthritis were screened for eligibility. Patients were randomized intraoperatively to either a TM or POLY glenoid component. Study intervals were: baseline, six weeks, six-, 12-, and 24 months postoperatively. The primary outcome was the Western Ontario Osteoarthritis Shoulder QOL score. Radiological images were reviewed for metal debris. Mixed effects repeated measures analysis of variance for within and between group comparisons were performed. Results A total of 93 patients were randomized (46 TM; 47 POLY). No significant or clinically important differences were found with patient-reported outcomes at 24-month follow-up. Regarding the glenoid components, there were no complications or revision surgeries in either group. Grade 1 metal debris was observed in three (6.5%) patients with TM glenoids at 24 months but outcomes were not negatively impacted. Conclusion Early results from this RCT showed no differences in disease-specific QOL, radiographs, complication rates, or shoulder function between uncemented second-generation TM and cemented POLY glenoids at 24 months postoperatively. Revision surgeries and reoperations were reported in both groups, but none attributed to glenoid implant failure. At 24 months postoperatively, Grade 1 metal debris was found in 6.5% of patients with a TM glenoid but did not negatively influence patient-reported outcomes. Longer-term follow-up is needed and is underway. Cite this article: Bone Jt Open 2021;2(9):728–736.
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Chakkravarthi, M. Abishek. "Influence of Yoga Therapy on Serum Creatinine and Lh-Fsh Ratio Among Girls Suffering with Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome." Journal of Clinical Oncology Reports 1, no. 1 (2023): 01–05. http://dx.doi.org/10.58489/2836-5062/003.
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The purpose of the random group experimental study was to find out the efficacy of Yoga Therapy on Serum Creatinine and LH-FSH ratio among girls suffering with Poly Cystic Ovarian Syndrome For the purpose of the study, 30 girls with Poly Cystic Ovarian Syndrome were selected randomly using random sampling method from Chennai between the age group of 25 and 30 years and they were divided into two groups I, and II with 15 subjects each. It was hypothesized that there would be significant differences among the girls with PCOS on selected physiological and hormonal variables such as Serum Creatinine and LH-FSH ratio than the control group. Preliminary test was conducted for two Groups on Serum Creatinine and LH-FSH ratio before the start of the training program. Group I subject were given Yoga therapy for 60 minutes. 6 days a week for a total period of twelve weeks. Group II (Control Group) were in active rest. After the experimental period, the two groups were retested again on the same selected dependent variables. Analysis of co-variance (ANCOVA) was used to find out the significant differences between the experimental group and the control group. The test of significance was fixed at 0.05 level of confidence. The results of the study proved that the Experimental Group showed significant differences on selected physiological and hormonal variables such as Serum Creatinine (Decreased) and LH-FSH ration (Decreased) than the Control Group due to Yogic practices among girls with Poly Cystic Ovarian Syndrome. The hypothesis was accepted at 0.05 level of confidence. Hence it is concluded that Yogic therapy is beneficial to the girls with Poly Cystic Ovarian Syndrome to maintain healthy Serum Creatinine and LH-FSH ratio. 200
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PN, Savitha, Malathi Dayalan, and Vikram T. Choudhary. "Evaluation of antimicrobial properties of conventional poly methyl methacrylate denture base resin materials containing silver doped titanium dioxide nanoparticles against cariogenic bacteria and candida albicans." IP Annals of Prosthodontics and Restorative Dentistry 9, no. 4 (2023): 206–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.18231/j.aprd.2023.039.
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The main aim of the study was to find the antimicrobial properties of a poly methyl methacrylate resin (PMMA) which is modified with silver-doped titanium dioxide nanoparticles. This research study was done to prove that the incorporation of silver-doped TiO2 nanoparticles improves the antimicrobial and antifungal properties.The poly methyl methacrylate resin (PMMA) powder was modified using 0 wt%(control) 1wt% and 3wt% silver doped TiO2 nanoparticles Test specimens were prepared of dimensions 5 mm × 5 mm × 2 mm. The antimicrobial properties of the specimens were evaluated by calculating CFU/ml. The obtained values were analyzed by one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA), Kruskal Wallis test, and post-hoc Tukey’s test at a significance level of 5%. The incorporation of silver-doped titanium dioxide nanoparticles into denture base resin improved antimicrobial activity. Compared to 1% and 3% nanoparticle doped, 3% has given better antimicrobial activity calculated using CFU/ml. It is reduced to one-fourth the microbial growth compared to the control group. The addition of silver-doped titanium dioxide nanoparticles to denture base resin is an effective method for antimicrobial and antifungal action.
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Al-Faiz, Mohammed Z., and Ammar A. Al-hamadani. "IMPLEMENTATION OF EEG SIGNAL PROCESSING AND DECODING FOR TWO-CLASS MOTOR IMAGERY DATA." Biomedical Engineering: Applications, Basis and Communications 31, no. 04 (2019): 1950028. http://dx.doi.org/10.4015/s1016237219500285.
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This work decodes two-class motor imagery (MI) based on four main processing steps: (i) Raw electroencephalographic (EEG) signal is decomposed to single trials and spatial filters are estimated for each trial by common spatial filtering (CSP) method; (ii) features are extracted by taking the log transformation (normal distribution) of the spatially filtered EEG signal; (iii) optimal channel selection algorithm is proposed to reduce the number of EEG channels, such approach is regarded as key technological advantage in the implementation of brain–computer interface (BCI) to reduce the system processing time; (iv) finally, support vector machine (SVM) is employed to discriminate two classes of left and right hand MI. Two variations of SVM were proposed: polynomial function kernel and radial-based function RBF kernel. The results revealed that CSP succeeded in removing the strong correlation bound between the EEG samples by maximizing the variance of class 2 samples while minimizing the variance of class 1 samples. The channel selection algorithm achieved its goal to reduce the data dimension by selecting two channels out of three having the lowest variance entropies of 0.239 and 0.261 for channel 1 and channel 2, respectively. The features vector was divided into 80% train and 20% test with five-fold cross validation. The classification performance of SVM-polynomial kernel was 87.86% while it is 95.72% for SVM-RBF kernel as average accuracy of five-folds for both. Thus SVM-RBF is superior to SVM-Poly in the proposed framework.
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dos Santos, Júlio Cesar, Luciano Machado Gomes Vieira, Túlio Hallak Panzera, Rodrigo Teixeira Santos Freire, André Luis Christoforo, and Fabrizio Scarpa. "Impact Behaviour of Hybrid Carbon Fibre Composites Reinforced with Silica Micro- and Functionalized Nanoparticles." Nano Hybrids and Composites 21 (June 2018): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/nhc.21.1.
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This work investigates the effect of silica nanoparticles functionalized with poly-diallyldimethylammonium chloride (PDDA) and silica microparticle inclusions (1.0 wt% and 3.5 wt%) on the impact resistance of hybrid carbon fibre reinforced composite laminates (HCFRCs) and tensile modulus of particle reinforced polymers (PRPs) via Full-Factorial Design of Experiments. The data were analysed with Analysis of Variance (ANOVA). The inclusion of particles led to reduced impact absorption of HCFRCs, except for composites with 1.0 wt% of silica in microscale, which provides an increase of 11.75% in the impact resistance. Microstructural analysis of fractured impact samples revealed pull-out as the predominant fracture mode in 1.0 wt% silica microparticle composites. Such mechanism leads to impact energy dissipation which may explain the increased impact resistance of these samples.
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Aamir, Muhammad, Shanshan Tu, Majid Tolouei-Rad, Khaled Giasin, and Ana Vafadar. "Optimization and Modeling of Process Parameters in Multi-Hole Simultaneous Drilling Using Taguchi Method and Fuzzy Logic Approach." Materials 13, no. 3 (2020): 680. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma13030680.
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In industries such as aerospace and automotive, drilling many holes is commonly required to assemble different structures where machined holes need to comply with tight geometric tolerances. Multi-spindle drilling using a poly-drill head is an industrial hole-making approach that allows drilling several holes simultaneously. Optimizing process parameters also improves machining processes. This work focuses on the optimization of drilling parameters and two drilling processes—namely, one-shot drilling and multi-hole drilling—using the Taguchi method. Analysis of variance and regression analysis was implemented to indicate the significance of drilling parameters and their impact on the measured responses i.e., surface roughness and hole size. From the Taguchi optimization, optimal drilling parameters were found to occur at a low cutting speed and feed rate using a poly-drill head. Furthermore, a fuzzy logic approach was employed to predict the surface roughness and hole size. It was found that the fuzzy measured values were in good agreement with the experimental values; therefore, the developed models can be effectively used to predict the surface roughness and hole size in multi-hole drilling. Moreover, confirmation tests were performed to validate that the Taguchi optimized levels and fuzzy developed models effectively represent the surface roughness and hole size.
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Anosov, A. A., E. D. Borisova, O. O. Konstantinov, et al. "Changes in the conductivity of bilayer lipid membranes under the action of pluronics L61 and F68: Similarities and differences." Èlektrohimiâ 60, no. 5 (2024): 331–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.31857/s0424857024050019.
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The effect of pluronics L61 and F68 with the same length of hydrophobic poly(propylene oxide) blocks and different lengths of hydrophilic poly(ethylene oxide) blocks on the conductivity of planar bilayer lipid membranes made of azolectin was investigated. The integral conductivity of the membranes increases with increasing concentrations of both pluronics. With the same concentration of pluronics in solution, the conductivity for L61 is higher. According to the literature data [24]. At close concentrations of membrane-bound pluronics, membrane conductivities are also close. It was concluded that the appearance of identical hydrophobic parts of pluronics L61 and F68 in the membrane causes the same increase in conductivity in the first approximation. The shape of the conductivity-concentration curves is superlinear for L61 and sublinear for F68. In the presence of both pluronics, conduction spikes with an amplitude from 10 to 300 pSm and higher are observed for approximately 40% of the membranes. We associate the observed surges in conductivity with the appearance of conductive pores or defects in the membrane. The number of pores registered in the membrane was a random variable with a large variance and did not correlate with the concentration of pluronic. The difference between the average pore conductivities for membranes with L61 and F68 was not statistically significant.
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Aida, Nur, and Mohammad Hoesain. "The Pengaruh Pemberian Pupuk Bokashi Feses Ayam Broiler Dan NPK Terhadap Pertumbuhan Dan Hasil Tanaman Sawi Caisim (Brassica Juncea L.)." Berkala Ilmiah Pertanian 6, no. 3 (2023): 134. http://dx.doi.org/10.19184/bip.v6i3.39187.
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Mustard plant (Brassica juncea L.) as one of the horticultural plant species from the Brassicaceae family which has great potential to be cultivated in Indonesia. The productivity of mustard greens has decreased due to several factors, one of which is the insufficient nutrients needed by plants during the vegetative and generative stages of the plant. In addition, the factors that affect the cultivation of mustard plants are declining soil quality, uncertain climate change, and attacks by plant-disturbing organisms (OPT). With this problem, it is necessary to add nutrients to the soil, the added nutrients are organic fertilizer bokashi broiler chicken feces and inorganic fertilizer NPK. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of the interaction between broiler feces bokashi fertilizer and NPK fertilizer on the growth and yield of caisim mustard plants. The research method used a completely randomized design (CRD) which consisted of 2 factors with 3 replications. The first factor of bokashi fertilizer consists of 3 levels, namely B1: 25 grams/polybag; B2: 30grams/poly bag; B3 : 35 gram/poly bag. The second factor is NPK fertilizer which consists of 3 levels, namely N1: 0.63 gram/polybag; N2: 0.47 gram/poly bag; N3: 0.31 gram/poly bag. The data obtained was analyzed using Analysis of Variance (ANOVA), and if it was significantly different, it would be further tested by Duncan's Multiple Range Test or Duncan's Multiple Range Test (DMRT) with a 95% confidence level. The results showed (1) the interaction of broiler feces bokashi fertilizer and NPK fertilizer showed a significant difference in plant height and plant fresh weight variables and other variables showed no significant different effect. (2) Broiler faeces bokashi single fertilizer treatment gave significantly different results on root length and plant fresh weight variables with the best dose being B3 : 35 gram. (3) the single fertilizer treatment gave highly significant different results on the number of leaves variable and not significantly different on the growth rate variable and chlorophyll content variable with the best dosage being N3: 031 gram.
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Blackwell, Karlin, Heather Walk, Douglas Kominsky, and Seth Walk. "458 Influence of a Gastrointestinal Infection on Lung Immunity." Journal of Clinical and Translational Science 8, s1 (2024): 135. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/cts.2024.390.
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OBJECTIVES/GOALS: We aim to characterize how Heligmosomoides polygyrus bakeri (H. poly) alleviates murine allergic asthma which shares many characteristics of human asthma. This approach of has already identified helminth-produced human immune cell ligand “mimics” that hold great potential for next-generation clinical biologics METHODS/STUDY POPULATION: We examined the lung tissue of C57BL/6 mice infected with H. poly for changes in the pulmonary microenvironment. At ten days post infection, four infected mice and two co-housed uninfected mice were sacrificed, and their lung tissue harvested for examination of RNA via RT-qPCR. This design allows for the comparison between the lung microenvironments of infected and naīve mice. In future experiments, we intend to characterize what small molecules produced by the helminth drive changes in the lung using germ-free models of H. poly infection. RESULTS/ANTICIPATED RESULTS: We found key differences in lung chemokines between mice infected with H. poly and naīve mice. Using a student t-test with naīve correction for variance, we were able to show significant differences in the expression of E cadherin (p = 0.0355), CXCL10 (p = 0.0025), CX3CL1 (p = 0.0029), CCR2 (p = 0.017), and IDO1 (0.0078). We also found that differences in the expression of CCL5 bordered on significant with a p-value of 0.066. The expression of most of these markers (CXCL10, CCR2, CCL5, and IDO1) was elevated in the lungs of infected mice compared to naīve controls. In contrast, E cadherin and CX3CL1 showed the opposite trend with naīve mice showing greater expression. These clear differences in lung tissue gene expression underscore the connection between the gastrointestinal and pulmonary mucosal immune compartments. DISCUSSION/SIGNIFICANCE: The changes are unexpected for an infection that has been shown to attenuate allergic inflammation in the lung with increases in the IFN-Y responsive genes IDO1 and CXCL10 and inflammatory lung markers, CCL5 and CCR2. In contrast, there were decreases in inflammatory lung marker CX3CL1 and the tight junction protein E cadherin in infected mice.
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Park, Sang E., Maggie Chao, and P. A. Raj. "Mechanical Properties of Surface-Charged Poly(Methyl Methacrylate) as Denture Resins." International Journal of Dentistry 2009 (2009): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2009/841431.
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The aim of this study was to examine the mechanical properties of a new surface-modified denture resin for its suitability as denture base material. This experimental resin is made by copolymerization of methacrylic acid (MA) to poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) to produce a negative charge. Four experimental groups consisted of Orthodontic Dental Resin (DENTSPLY Caulk) as a control and three groups of modified PMMA (mPMMA) produced at differing ratios of methacrylic acid (5 : 95, 10 : 90, and 20 : 80 MA : MMA). A 3-point flexural test using the Instron Universal Testing Machine (Instron Corp.) measured force-deflection curves and a complete stress versus strain history to calculate the transverse strength, transverse deflection, flexural strength, and modulus of elasticity. Analysis of Variance and Scheffe Post-test were performed on the data. Resins with increased methacrylic acid content exhibited lower strength values for the measured physical properties. The most significant decrease occurred as the methacrylic acid content was increased to 20%mPMMA. No significant differences atP<.05were found in all parameters tested between the Control and 5%mPMMA.
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Castro Vera, Kleber Leonardo, Leonardo Santana, and Jorge Lino Alves. "Analysis of Thermal Degradation in the Annealing Process of Colored Parts Built by Extrusion-Based 3D Printing." International Journal of Engineering and Management Sciences 5, no. 3 (2020): 124–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.21791/ijems.2020.3.13.
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With the ever-increasing request of light materials, poly lactic (acid) PLA, have got much in consideration. Low-cost PLA materials have risen its use. Those possess some benefits but nevertheless insufficient mechanical strength. The printed PLA objects have a stumbling block for practical applications. Thus, annealing is an interested alternative to make 3D printed objects strong. This thermal treatment can significantly develop investigational studies and offer technical data. Hence the purpose of this paper is study and discuss how to increase the flexural strength through annealing process. Geometry distortions and color degradation will be analyzed. Differential Scanning Calorimetry, Taguchi Method (TM) and variance (ANOVA) were applied as part of the design experiments and analysis. Twenty-seven printed specimens were tested and factors as temperature, time and color were selected.
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Jiang, Dai-Hua, Saburo Kobayashi, Chih-Chun Jao, et al. "Light Down-Converter Based on Luminescent Nanofibers from the Blending of Conjugated Rod-Coil Block Copolymers and Perovskite through Electrospinning." Polymers 12, no. 1 (2020): 84. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym12010084.
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We demonstrated a novel strategy for the preparation of light down-converter by combining rod-coil block copolymers with perovskite quantum dots (QDs) through electrospinning. Reports have shown that polymer deformability can be enhanced by incorporating a soft segment and controlled by varying the rod/coil ratio. Therefore, we first synthesized the rod-coil block copolymer through the click reaction of polyfluorene (PF) and poly(n-butyl acrylate) (PBA). Next, the CsPbBr3@PF8k-b-PBA12k composite fibers were fabricated by blending perovskite through electrospinning. Optical spectral evidence demonstrated the success of the strategy, as light down-converters were prepared through the controlled variance of QD/polymer ratios to achieve tunable color and stretchability. This result reveals the potential of using rod-coil block copolymers to fabricate color-tunable perovskite light down-converters.
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Blankenborg, Ronald J. J. "Phonation in Textualization." Mnemosyne 78, no. 2 (2025): 204–28. https://doi.org/10.1163/1568525x-bja10315.
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Abstract This article argues for ancient Greek particles representing sounds and functioning as aural signs. Greek particles are susceptible to considerable phonetic reduction and do not have a stable thesis in prosody; as such, they are phonation substance, much like syllables and affixes, without much autonomous, lexical or nuancing (poly)semantic function, let alone independent semantics. Usage of lexemes as particles is the direct result of phonetic reduction, itself the effect of intonational variance. As phonation, particles extend the phonetic word’s intonational rise and slope, and facilitate, as do other morphemes, the cohesion and demarcation of rhythmical unities. Particles are thus written representations of phonemes, of sound, and their prosodic versatility makes them exceptionally suitable for emphasis. Their preservation in writing reflects ancient Greek’s idiosyncrasies as a spoken language.
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Ochiai, Bungo, Koki Hirabayashi, Yudai Fujii, and Yoshimasa Matsumura. "Fluorine-Free Single-Component Polyelectrolyte of Poly(ethylene glycol) Bearing Lithium Methanesulfonylsulfonimide Terminal Groups: Effect of Structural Variance on Ionic Conductivity." Technologies 12, no. 5 (2024): 65. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/technologies12050065.
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Fluorine-free single-component polyelectrolytes were developed via the hybridization of lithium methanesulfonylsulfonimide (LiMSSI) moieties to poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) derivatives with different morphologies, and the relationship between the structure and its ionic conductivity was investigated. The PEG-LiMSSI derivatives with one, two, and three LiMSSI end groups were prepared via the concomitant Michael-type addition and lithiation of PEGs and N-methanesulfonylvinylsulfonimide. The ionic conductivity at 60 °C ranged from 1.8 × 10−7 to 2.0 × 10−4 S/cm. PEG-LiMSSI derivatives with one LiMSSI terminus and with two LiMSSI termini at both ends show higher ionic conductivity, that is as good as fluorine-free single-component polyelectrolytes, than that with two LiMSSI termini at one end and that with three LiMSSI termini.
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Hildebrandt, M., R. Dieterich, J. Verdejo-Román, and T. Endrass. "Inhibition-related neural activity in (poly-)substance users explains variance in substance-related problems above and beyond the degree of use." Neuroscience Applied 1 (2022): 100123. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nsa.2022.100123.
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Poddar, Manoj Kumar, and Saroj Kumar Sarangi. "An Experimental Analysis of Poly-Lactic Acid (PLA) Filament Manufacturing for the 3D Printer Using Taguchi and Analysis of Variance (ANOVA)." International Journal of Mechanical Engineering 11, no. 3 (2024): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.14445/23488360/ijme-v11i3p101.
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Song, Haizhao, Xinchun Shen, Qiang Chu, and Xiaodong Zheng. "Red raspberry (poly)phenolic extract improves diet-induced obesity, hepatic steatosis and insulin resistance in obese mice." Journal of Berry Research 11, no. 2 (2021): 349–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/jbr-200696.
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BACKGROUND: Red raspberry (Rubus idaeus L.), a natural dietary source of (poly)phenols, has been used as medicine for centuries. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study is to determine the effect of a red raspberry (poly)phenolic extract (RPE) on diet-induced obesity, hepatic steatosis and insulin resistance, and elucidate the underlying molecular mechanisms. METHODS: Male specific pathogen-free C57BL/6J mice were randomly divided into three groups (n = 12 per group), and fed with low-fat diet (10% fat energy), high-fat diet (HFD, 45% fat energy), or HFD supplemented with RPE of 150 mg/kg body weight by intragastric administration for 14 weeks. Obesity-related biochemical indexes and hepatic gene expression levels were determined. The statistical analyses were conducted using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) followed by Duncan’s multiple range test. RESULTS: The body weight gain, steatosis grade scores and insulin resistance index in the RPE group decreased by 34.48% (P = 0.00), 58.82% (P = 0.00), and 53.77% (P = 0.00), respectively, compared to those in the HFD group. Moreover, RPE supplement significantly changed the expression profile of the genes involved in lipid metabolism and fibroblast growth factor 21 signaling pathway. CONCLUSIONS: This study demonstrated that RPE protected from diet-induced obesity and related metabolic disorders by improving the lipid metabolism and fibroblast growth factor 21 resistance.
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Kasapoğlu, Kadriye Nur, Evren Demircan, Mine Gültekin-Özgüven, et al. "Recovery of Polyphenols Using Pressurized Hot Water Extraction (PHWE) from Black Rosehip Followed by Encapsulation for Increased Bioaccessibility and Antioxidant Activity." Molecules 27, no. 20 (2022): 6807. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules27206807.
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In this work, pressurized hot water extraction (PHWE) of hydrophilic polyphenols from black rosehip fruit was maximized using response surface methodology for simultaneous optimization in terms of extraction yield, total antioxidant capacity, total (poly)phenols, catechin, total monomeric anthocyanins, and cyanidin-3-O-glucoside. Extraction parameters, including temperature (X1: 40–80 °C) and the solvent-to-solid ratio (X2: 10–40 mL/g), were investigated as independent variables. Experimentally obtained values were fitted to a second-order polynomial model, and optimal conditions were determined using multiple regression analysis and analysis of variance. The black rosehip extract (BRE) obtained at optimized PHWE conditions was further encapsulated in biopolymer-coated liposomes and spray dried to enhance its processing and digestive stability. After reconstitution, the fabricated particles had an average size of 247–380 nm and a zeta-potential of 15–45 mV. Moreover, encapsulation provided remarkable protection of the phenolics under in vitro gastrointestinal digestion conditions, resulting in up to a 5.6-fold more phenolics in the bioaccessible fraction, which also had 2.9–8.6-fold higher antioxidant activity compared to the nonencapsulated BRE. In conclusion, PHWE in combination with a biopolymer coating is a potent method for the production of stable and safe edible natural extracts for the delivery of (poly)phenolic compounds in food and dietary supplements.
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Xie, Yu, Qi Fang, Han Zhao, Yang Li, Zhihai Lin, and Jianxiong Chen. "Effects of Six Processing Parameters on the Size of PCL Fibers Prepared by Melt Electrospinning Writing." Micromachines 14, no. 7 (2023): 1437. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/mi14071437.
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Melt electrospinning writing is a new and promising method for fabricating micro/nanofibers, which has shown great prospects in the biomedical fields such as 3D printing of porous scaffolds. The diameter of the melt electrospinning writing fiber can determine the resolution of the microstructure; thus, the controllability of the fiber diameter is of great significance to the whole fabrication process. In this paper, an orthogonal design experiment (six factors, three levels) was used to explore the impacts of six melt electrospinning parameters (melt temperature, collector speed, tip-to-collector distance, melt flow rate, voltage, and needle gauge) on the fiber diameter. In this experiment, the diameter of fibers obtained with the designed experimental parameters and conditions varied from 10.30 μm to 20.02 μm. The range analysis of orthogonal test results showed that the melt flow rate was the most important factor influencing the diameter of melt electrospinning writing fiber, while the voltage was the least influential factor. The variance analysis of orthogonal test results showed that melt temperature, collector velocity, tip-to-collector distance and melt flow rate had a significant influence on the diameter of melt electrospinning writing fiber. On the basis of the first-order regression equation, the fiber diameter of poly-ε-caprolactone can be accurately controlled, thus improving the engineering applications of poly-ε-caprolactone.
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Affaticati, Letizia Maria, Massimiliano Buoli, Nadia Vaccaro, et al. "The Impact of Clinical Factors, Vitamin B12 and Total Cholesterol on Severity of Anorexia Nervosa: A Multicentric Cross-Sectional Study." Nutrients 15, no. 23 (2023): 4954. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu15234954.
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Severe forms of Anorexia Nervosa (AN) are characterized by medical complications, psychiatric comorbidity, and high mortality. This study investigated potential associations between clinical/biological factors and the severity of AN, measured by the Body Mass Index (BMI). Red and white blood cells, hemoglobin, platelets, iron, vitamins D and B12, folate, and total cholesterol were measured in a mixed sample of 78 inpatients and outpatients. Linear regressions and one-way analyses of variance (ANOVAs) were carried out to evaluate the relationship between BMI and clinical/biochemical variables. BMI was significantly lower in hospitalized patients (F = 4.662; p = 0.034) and in those under pharmacological treatment (F = 5.733; p = 0.019) or poly-therapy (F = 5.635; p = 0.021). Higher vitamin B12 (β = −0.556, p < 0.001), total cholesterol (β = −0.320, p = 0.027), and later age at onset (with a trend towards significance) (β = −0.376, p = 0.058) were associated with a lower BMI. Increased total cholesterol and vitamin B12, later age at onset, current pharmacological treatment, and poly-therapy might be distinctive in patients with a lower BMI. In clinical practice, these findings may contribute to the early identification of AN patients at higher risk of developing complicated or chronic forms of the disorder. Further studies on larger samples are needed to identify potential predictive factors of AN severity in the framework of precision medicine.
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Zhang, Yuhan, Xiaobao Nie, Shiquan Sun, Wei Zhang, Xin Fang, and Junli Wan. "Preparation and Application of Fe-Al-SiO2 Poly-Coagulants for Removing Microcystis aeruginosa from Water." Inorganics 11, no. 5 (2023): 210. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/inorganics11050210.
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Novel Fe-Al-SiO2 (FAS) poly-coagulants were prepared by the ball milling method using ferrous sulfate, aluminum sulfate, hydrophobic silica, and sodium carbonate as raw materials. The optimal preparation conditions and effects of preparation parameters on removal efficiencies were obtained by Response Surface Methodology (RSM) and Analysis of Variance (ANOVA). Removal efficiencies were investigated by employing FAS as the poly-coagulant for algae-laden water. Furthermore, obtained FAS samples were characterized by SEM, FTIR, XRD, and TGA. Results showed that the optimal preparation conditions were n(Fe):n(Al) of 2:1, m(Si):m(Fe+Al) of 1:2, and n(CO32−):n(Fe+Al) of 1.75:1, and the most significant influencing factor was n(CO32−):n(Fe+Al). FAS13 prepared under the above condition had the highest coagulation efficiency for simulated algae-laden water. Removal efficiencies for OD680, TP, and residual Al and Fe concentrations were 92.86%, 90.55%, 0.142 mg/L, and 0.074 mg/L, respectively. Nano-sized spherical particles, excellent thermal stability, and functional groups such as Al–O–Si, Fe–O–Si, and Fe–OH, corresponding to Al2Si2O5(OH)4, Fe7Si8O22(OH)2, and Fe2(OH)2CO3, were observed in FAS13. The coagulation performance of FAS13 was splendid when applied in real algae-laden water. The removal rates of TP, OD680, turbidity, and Chl-α were above 93.87%. The residual Al concentration was at the range of 0.057–0.128 mg/L.
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Ud Din, Shahab, Osama Khattak, Farooq Ahmad Chaudhary, et al. "Comparison of the elastic recovery and strain-in-compression of commercial and novel vinyl polysiloxane impression materials incorporating a novel crosslinking agent and a surfactant." PeerJ 11 (July 24, 2023): e15677. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.15677.
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This study aims to formulate experimental vinylpolysiloxane (VPS) impression materials and compare their elastic recovery and strain-in-compressions with three commercial VPS materials (Aquasil, Elite, and Extrude). Five experimental materials (Exp), two hydrophobic (Exp-I and II) and three hydrophilic (Exp-III, IV and V) were developed. Exp 1 contained vinyl-terminated poly-dimethyl siloxane and a conventional cross-linking agent (poly methylhydrosiloxane), while Exp- II contained a novel cross-linking agent that is tetra-functional dimethyl-silyl-ortho-silicate (TFDMSOS). Exp III–V (hydrophilic materials) were formulated by incorporating different concentrations of non-ionic surfactant (Rhodasurf CET-2) into Exp II formulation. Measurement of elastic recovery and strain-in-compression for commercial and experimental materials were performed according to ISO4823 standard using the calibrated mechanical testing machine (Tinius Olsen). One-way analysis of variance (one-way ANOVA) and Tukey’s post-hoc (HSD) test were used for statistical analysis and a p-value of ≤ 0.05 was considered significant. Exp-I has statistically similar values to commercial VPS. The Exp-II showed the highest elastic recovery, while % elastic recovery was reduced with the addition of the non-ionic surfactant (Rhodasurf CET-2). The % reduction was directly related to the concentration of Rhodasurf CET-2. In addition, Exp II had significantly higher strain-in-compression values compared to Exp-I and commercial materials. These values were further increased with the addition of a non-ionic surfactant (Rhodasurf CET-2) was added (Exp-III, IV and V).
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Yuan, Xiao Hui, and Yue Wang Han. "Experimental Research on Rheological Properties of Cemented Mortar in Tail Void Grouting of Shield Tunnel." Advanced Materials Research 261-263 (May 2011): 1201–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.261-263.1201.
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Grout flow pattern and rheological parameters determine grouting pressure transfer process in annular tail void and filling rate for shield tail void. However, cemented mortar is a mixture of cement, fly ash, sand, bentonite and water, which lead to grout rheological properties and rheological parameters are difficultly determined. Based on orthogonal experimental design method, grout rheological properties were tested by rotational viscometer. Utilizing variance and poly-nonlinear regression analysis, the qualitative and quantitative relationships between mix ratios and rheological parameters were obtained respectively. It is shown that cemented mortar flow pattern commonly agree with Bingham fluid type, and plastic viscosity varies between 1 and 4Pa•s, and shear yield stress varies between 10 to 40Pa respectively. Water-binder ratio and bentonite-water ratio are key influencing factors for grout rheological parameters. With the water-binder ratio increasing and bentonite-water ratio decreasing, plastic viscosity and shear yield stress present reducing tendency.
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Aniejurengho, Orode UV, Mariagemiliana Dessi, Steve Meikle, and Matteo Santin. "Biofilm formation in uropathogenic strains of Proteus mirabilis and their susceptibility to poly(epsilon-lysine) dendron." Biosciences Research in Today's World 1 (July 19, 2015): 1–9. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.210219.
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<em>Proteus mirabilis</em> is the main aetiological bacteria in catheter-associated urinary tract infections (CAUTI). The ability of <em>P. mirabilis</em> to form biofilms plays an important role in the pathogenesis of CAUTI and there are currently no effective antibiotic therapies. Hence, the aim of this study was to detect the growth and biofilm forming ability of <em>P. mirabilis</em> human isolates on 96-well microtitre plates, and study the antimicrobial effect of poly(epsilon-lysine) dendron molecules on the <em>P. mirabilis</em> biofilms. Eight strains isolated from human urinary tract infections and verified as <em>P. mirabilis,</em> were obtained from the Royal Sussex County Hospital, Brighton, UK. The biofilm forming potential of the selected strains was investigated over 24 hours in 96-well microtitre plates. A clinically relevant concentration of bacteria (10<sup>7 </sup>CFU/ml) was incubated in triplicate in Luria-Berthani growth medium. Analysis of the biofilms was performed using crystal violet staining and microscopic observations. <em>P. mirabilis</em> strains with the highest biofilm forming ability were selected for their antimicrobial study. Poly(epsilon-lysine) dendron (generation three) were synthesised via solid-phase peptide synthesis, using Fmoc-protected amino acids and characterised with mass spectrometry and high-performance liquid chromatography. The dendron (1– 0.25 mg/ml) was then co-incubated with <em>P. mirabilis</em> bacteria for 24 hours at 37°C, and the corresponding effect on biofilm formation was assessed as above. Statistical analyses were performed using analysis of variance (ANOVA), with statistical significance defined as P < 0.05.<strong> </strong>All isolates formed biofilms on polystyrene surfaces. The dendron decreased <em>P. mirabilis</em> biofilm formation predominantly (>70 %), by decreasing exopolysaccharide production in a dose-dependent manner. These findings suggest that poly(epsilon-lysine) dendron could have a role in the design of alternative antimicrobial agents for control of <em>P. mirabilis</em> biofilm-related infections. Future studies will focus on the dendron's ability to eradicate pre-formed biofilms.
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Poddar, Manoj Kumar, and Saroj Kumar Sarangi. "An Experimental Analysis of 3D Printed Poly-Lactic Acid (PLA) Specimens as Per ASTM Standard Using Taguchi and Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) Approach." International Journal of Mechanical Engineering 11, no. 3 (2024): 27–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.14445/23488360/ijme-v11i3p104.
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Fountas, N. A., K. Ninikas, D. Chaidas, J. Kechagias, and N. M. Vaxevanidis. "Neural networks for predicting kerf characteristics of CO2 laser-machined FFF PLA/WF plates." MATEC Web of Conferences 368 (2022): 01010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/202236801010.
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The current work is a follow-up of previous research published by the authors and investigates the effect of CO2 laser cutting with variable cutting parameters of thin 3D printed wood flour mixed with poly-lactic-acid (PLA/WF) plates on kerf angle (KA) and mean surface roughness (Ra). The full factorial experiments previously conducted, followed a custom response surface methodology (RSM) to formulate a continuous search domain for statistical analysis. Cutting direction, standoff distance, travel speed and beam power were the independent process parameters with mixed levels, resulting to a set of 24 experiments. The 24 experiments were repeated three times giving a total of 72 experimental tryouts. The results analyzed using analysis of variance (ANOVA) and regression, to study the synergy and effect of the parameters on the responses. Thereby, several neural network topologies were tested to achieve the best results and find a suitable neural network to correlate inputs and outputs, thus; contributing to related academic research and actual industrial applications.
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Murata, H., H. Chimori, T. Hamada, and J. F. McCabe. "Viscoelasticity of Dental Tissue Conditioners during the Sol-gel Transition." Journal of Dental Research 84, no. 4 (2005): 376–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/154405910508400416.
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Formation of tissue conditioners is a process of polymer chain entanglements. This study evaluated the influence of composition and structure on dynamic viscoelasticity of concentrated polymer solutions based on poly(ethyl methacrylate) (PEMA) used as tissue conditioners through the sol-gel transition. The hypothesis was that the ethanol content is the most influential factor in determining gelation speed. Rheological parameters were determined with the use of a controlled-stress rheometer. Analysis of variance by orthogonal array L16(45) indicated that the strong polar bonding of ethanol (contribution ratio ρ = 53.8%; confirming the hypothesis) and molecular weight of polymer powders (ρ = 26.7%) had a greater influence on the gelation times of PEMA-based systems than did the molar volume of plasticizers (ρ = 9.0%) and concentration of polymers ( i.e., powder/liquid ratio) (ρ = 4.5%). The results suggest that the gelation of tissue conditioners based on PEMA can be controlled over a wide range by varying the polymer molecular weight, and especially ethanol content.
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ADELI, HASSAN, SHARIF HUSSEIN SHARIF ZEIN, SOON HUAT TAN, and ABDUL LATIF AHMAD. "OPTIMIZATION OF THE MECHANICAL STRENGTH PROPERTIES OF POLY(L-LACTIDE)/MULTI-WALLED CARBON NANOTUBE SCAFFOLDS USING RESPONSE SURFACE METHODOLOGY." Nano 06, no. 02 (2011): 113–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s1793292011002470.
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In this study the response surface methodology (RSM) coupled with the central composite design (CCD) were used to optimize the mechanical strength properties of poly(L-lactide)/multi-walled carbon nanotube (MWCNT) scaffolds. The scaffolds were prepared by the freeze-extraction method. MWCNTs were incorporated into PLLA composite as a reinforcement agent in order to improve the strength properties of the scaffolds. The effect of process parameters such as ratio of PLLA/(PLLA + MWCNT) (93–100%), solvent amount (100–200 ml), freezing time (5–7 h) and immersing time (2–4 days) were studied using the design of experiment (DOE). Based on CCD, quadratic model was obtained and developed to correlate the process parameters to the strength of the scaffolds. An analysis of variance (ANOVA) was applied to determine the significant factors affecting the experimental design response (strength) of the scaffolds. The predicted values after optimization process were in good agreement with the experimental values. The model was able to accurately predict the response of strength with less than 5% error.
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Abegunrin, T. P., O. I. Ojo, and M. O. Lasisi. "Assessment of the Performance of Drip-Irrigated Green Pepper (Capsicum annum L.) under Poly-House and Open-Field Conditions." Asian Journal of Advances in Agricultural Research 24, no. 1 (2024): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.9734/ajaar/2024/v24i1482.
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Sweet pepper (Capsicum annum L.) is one of an important group of vegetables grown extensively, widely cultivated and used as foods in almost every country of the world. It is a high productivity crop, it has high remunerative and nutritive values. Sweet pepper consumption in Nigeria is growing recently because of increasing demand by rural and urban consumers as a result of rapid population growth and water scarcity calls for an alternative means of production system for sustenance of the human race. The experiment was carried out during the dry seasons of 2020.2021 and 2021/2022 at the Teaching and Research Field of Federal Polytechnic, Ado-Ekiti, Nigeria. The beds were prepared, nursery was raised, drip irrigation system was installed and fumigation was carried out before transplanting. The experimental design was a randomized complete block (RCBD) with nine replications in each environment. The same design was applied to both poly-house and open-field conditions. The factors are environment (poly-house and open-field) and irrigation intervals of 5, 6 and 7 days (I5, I6 and I7). Data obtained were subjected to analysis of variance and Tukey’s Honestly Significant Difference (HSD) was used for multiple comparison. Drip irrigation was applied to all plots at different irrigation intervals. Number of leaves (NL), plant height (PH), stem girth (SG) and weight of fresh fruit (WFF) were recorded. The respective results of performance of green pepper at different irrigation treatments under poly-house and open-field in the 2020/2021 and 2021/2022 growing seasons were: NL-I5: 180, I6: 185, I7: 171 and I5: 120, I6: 139, I7: 122 in 2020/2021 growing season while I5: 157, I6: 173, I7: 160 and I5: 108.3, I6: 118.3, I7: 118 during 2021/2022 growing season. PH-I5: 128.7, I6: 139.3, I7: 125.3 and I5: 108.3, I6: 118.3, I7: 104.7 cm in 2020/2021 growing season while I5: 117.7, I6: 129.7, I7: 120 and I5: 102, I6: 115, I7: 99.3 cm during 2021/2022 growing season. SG-I5: 30, I6: 29.7, I7: 29.6 and I5: 25.1, I6: 26, I7: 25 mm in 2020/2021 growing season while I5: 20.3, I6: 23.3, I7: 21.3 and I5: 18.5, I6: 20, I7: 17.9 mm during 2021/2022 growing season. WFF-I5: 20.3, I6: 29.2, I7: 19.8 and I5: 13.3.1, I6: 21, I7: 14.2 kg/m2 in 2020/2021 growing season while I5: 14.6, I6: 23.5, I7: 14.7 and I5: 9.5, I6: 17.8, I7: 8.8 kg/m2 during 2021/2022 growing season. The controlled conditions provided by the poly-house resulted in best overall performance compared to the open field environment. It is recommended that the assessment of long-term sustainability and economic viability of poly-house cultivation for green pepper production be conducted.
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Pineda-Castillo, Sergio, Andrés Bernal-Ballén, Cristian Bernal-López, et al. "Synthesis and Characterization of Poly(Vinyl Alcohol)-Chitosan-Hydroxyapatite Scaffolds: A Promising Alternative for Bone Tissue Regeneration." Molecules 23, no. 10 (2018): 2414. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules23102414.
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Scaffolds can be considered as one of the most promising treatments for bone tissue regeneration. Herein, blends of chitosan, poly(vinyl alcohol), and hydroxyapatite in different ratios were used to synthesize scaffolds via freeze-drying. Mechanical tests, FTIR, swelling and solubility degree, DSC, morphology, and cell viability were used as characterization techniques. Statistical significance of the experiments was determined using a two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) with p < 0.05. Crosslinked and plasticized scaffolds absorbed five times more water than non-crosslinked and plasticized ones, which is an indicator of better hydrophilic features, as well as adequate resistance to water without detriment of the swelling potential. Indeed, the tested mechanical properties were notably higher for samples which were undergone to crosslinking and plasticized process. The presence of chitosan is determinant in pore formation and distribution which is an imperative for cell communication. Uniform pore size with diameters ranging from 142 to 519 µm were obtained, a range that has been described as optimal for bone tissue regeneration. Moreover, cytotoxicity was considered as negligible in the tested conditions, and viability indicates that the material might have potential as a bone regeneration system.
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Toledo, Priscila T. A., Caroline Anselmi, Renan Dal-Fabbro, et al. "Calcium Trimetaphosphate-Loaded Electrospun Poly(Ester Urea) Nanofibers for Periodontal Tissue Engineering." Journal of Functional Biomaterials 14, no. 7 (2023): 350. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jfb14070350.
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The objective of this research was to create and appraise biodegradable polymer-based nanofibers containing distinct concentrations of calcium trimetaphosphate (Ca-TMP) for periodontal tissue engineering. Poly(ester urea) (PEU) (5% w/v) solutions containing Ca-TMP (15%, 30%, 45% w/w) were electrospun into fibrous scaffolds. The fibers were evaluated using SEM, EDS, TGA, FTIR, XRD, and mechanical tests. Degradation rate, swelling ratio, and calcium release were also evaluated. Cell/Ca-TMP and cell/scaffold interaction were assessed using stem cells from human exfoliated deciduous teeth (SHEDs) for cell viability, adhesion, and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) and post-hoc tests were used (α = 0.05). The PEU and PEU/Ca-TMP-based membranes presented fiber diameters at 469 nm and 414–672 nm, respectively. Chemical characterization attested to the Ca-TMP incorporation into the fibers. Adding Ca-TMP led to higher degradation stability and lower dimensional variation than the pure PEU fibers; however, similar mechanical characteristics were observed. Minimal calcium was released after 21 days of incubation in a lipase-enriched solution. Ca-TMP extracts enhanced cell viability and ALP activity, although no differences were found between the scaffold groups. Overall, Ca-TMP was effectively incorporated into the PEU fibers without compromising the morphological properties but did not promote significant cell function.
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Vorkapić, Miloš, Ivana Mladenović, Marija Pergal, Toni Ivanov, and Marija Baltić. "Optimisation of tensile stress of poly(lactic acid) 3D printed materials using response surface methodology." Tribology and Materials 1, no. 2 (2022): 70–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.46793/tribomat.2022.009.
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Three-dimensional printed plastic products developed through fused deposition modelling (FDM) take long-term mechanical loading in most industrial prototypes. This article focuses on the impact of the 3D printing parameters, type of thermal treatment and variation of characteristic dimensions of standard specimens on the tensile properties of poly(lactic acid) (PLA) material. Two mediums were used for thermal treatment: NaCl powder and plaster. The specimens immersed in NaCl powder were heated to the melting temperature of the filament (200 °C), while the processing of the plastered specimens was performed at a temperature of 100 °C. After treatment, the specimens were cooled at room temperature (25 °C), and the dimensions of the annealed and untreated specimens were controlled. The tensile test of the specimens was performed on the universal test machine. The response surface methodology (RSM) is employed to predict the tensile stress by undertaking input parameters. The analysis of variance (ANOVA) results revealed that the untreated specimens, orientation –45/45 and layer thickness of 0.1 mm had the highest tensile stress value. Thermal treatment in plaster showed a significant increase in tensile strength, while the best specimens were obtained after treatment in NaCl, and all refer to the –45/45 (0.1 mm) orientation.