Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Polyamide 11'
Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles
Consult the top 35 dissertations / theses for your research on the topic 'Polyamide 11.'
Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.
You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.
Browse dissertations / theses on a wide variety of disciplines and organise your bibliography correctly.
Chaupart, Nathalie. "Vieillissement hydrolytique du polyamide 11." Paris 6, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995PA066567.
Full textEchalier, Bruno. "Transition ductile-fragile d'un polyamide 11 plastifié." Compiègne, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989COMPD182.
Full textDANG, PATRICK. "Fluage du polyamide 11 et du polyamide 12 autour de la transition vitreuse." Poitiers, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991POIT2327.
Full textSahnoune, Mohamed. "Etude de la morphologie, des propriétés et de la durabilité de nanocomposites à base de polyamide-11/halloysite." Thesis, Montpellier, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016MONTT237/document.
Full textThe thesis is on the study of the properties and the sustainability of different nanocomposites systems based on polyamide-11 (PA11) and Algerian halloysite. The first part is devoted to the assessment of the potential as nanofiller of the Algerian halloysite by comparing it to another commercial one, through the study of PA11/halloysite nanocomposites prepared by melt mixing. In view of the different techniques, the results show the full potential of the Algerian halloysite with improvements in both thermal and mechanical properties after incorporation of the nanocharge. The second focuses on the use of halloysite, after functionalization, as compatibilisant agent in PA11 based polymers blends. Two functionalizations have been tested successfully via grafting on the surface of P(S-co-MAPC1(OH)2) and SEBS chains. The incorporation of these two modified halloysites in PS/PA11 and PA11/SEBS-g-MA, blends, respectively, led to ternary systems where the modified halloysite plays the role of compatibilizing agent by its localization at the interface. The third and final part of the work focuses on the sustainability of the PA11/halloysite nanocomposites. First, the impact of halloysite up to 6 weeks of immersion on the kinetics of the hygrothermal aging has been studied, as well as the effects of aging on the morphology and properties of samples. The study reveals that halloysite increases water sorption while delaying its diffusion in the PA11 due to the tortuosity induced by its presence. An evolution of the outward appearance of the material is observed with a decrease of the mechanical properties of the PA11. Finally, the study of the fire reaction of the PA11/halloysite nanocomposites with and without presence of phosphorus flame retardants has highlighted the inhibitory effect of halloysite after its functionalization with methylphosphonic acid. The results show that at comparable incorporation rate, the modified halloysite has a better effect on the fire behavior than ammonium polyphosphate or raw halloysite
Poulard, Fabienne. "Adhésion du polyamide 11 : mécanismes et vieillissement hygrothermal." Phd thesis, École Nationale Supérieure des Mines de Paris, 1998. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00005639.
Full textL'objectif de l'étude est d'évaluer la durée de vie à long terme d'assemblages en polyamide 11, collés par le biais d'une colle-solvant, sous l'effet de l'eau et la température. Une première partie expérimentale permet, par un essai de pelage, d'identifier les principaux paramètres qui agissent sur la formation de l'interphase collée et d'étudier leur influence sur les caractéristiques physiques et la résistance mécanique d'un joint collé. Elle met en évidence l'effet de la mise en solution du polymère PA11 par la colle et permet de caractériser la formation de la zone collée (progression du solvant de part et d'autre de l'interface initiale, évolution de la résistance mécanique, corrélation entre mécanismes et faciès de rupture) selon les paramètres d'élaboration (temps de pré-séchage, durée et température de séchage, quantité de colle). Le travail réalisé permet de proposer des recommandations pour le protocole d'élaboration du joint et d'analyser les différentes contributions énergétiques qui interviennent lors de la rupture ainsi que les phénomènes de fragilisation.
Une seconde partie étudie l'influence d'un vieillissement hygrothermique sur la dégradation de joints collés (températures de 20 à 90°C). Outre les éprouvettes en PA11, deux types d'assemblages sont utilisés, en particulier des éprouvettes "tube/manchon" qui modélisent la jonction d'une canalisation gazière réelle. Trois domaines de température ont été mis en évidence, aussi bien sur le matériau PA11 que pour les joints. Ils influent sur l'évolution des propriétés en termes de cinétique d'absorption d'eau, de diminution des caractéristiques mécaniques du PA11 et de résistance du joint collé. A long terme et à température d'exposition élevée, on observe la destruction totale des liaisons au niveau du joint. Il apparaît un rôle de protection joué par la partie massique en PA11 de part et d'autre de la zone interfaciale. Une modélisation a été développée afin d'extrapoler le comportement de ses assemblages collés tube/manchon à long terme et pour des températures d'exposition plus basses.
POULARD, FABIENNE. "Adhesion du polyamide 11 : mecanismes et vieillissement hygrothermal." Paris, ENMP, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998ENMP0989.
Full textVasseur, Olivier. "Etude du mécanisme de photooxydation du polyamide 11." Clermont-Ferrand 2, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999CLF21128.
Full textMaïza, Sofiane. "Fragilisation mécanique du polyamide 11 en condition d'hydrolyse : mécanisme et modélisation." Thesis, Chasseneuil-du-Poitou, Ecole nationale supérieure de mécanique et d'aérotechnique, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017ESMA0026/document.
Full textThe prediction of the long-term behaviour of polyamides (PAs) is a major challenge for the structural design of various technological equipment in the field of energy and transport. PAs are very ductile when new, but they are sensitive to hydrolysis.Structure-properties relationships of PAs during ageing in water have been somewhat studied in literature. But little attention has been paid so far to the modeling of the mechanical behavior evolving with ageing in relation to the diffusion of water in the material.This work aims to be able to predict the ductile-brittle transition of polyamides, PA11 in particular, during ageing in temperature and acidic aqueous medium.The first part of the work focused on understanding the mechanical degradation of PA11 as a function of hydric and thermal ageing (at pH4 and at 110 ° C), based on an experimental campaign in order to link the evolution of the macroscopic mechanical behavior to that of physicochemical descriptors. First, acid and temperature ageing tests were performed to evaluate the long-term degradation of PA11. Then, in order to decorrelate the effects of the hydrolysis of the annealing effects, tests of thermal ageing only, in neutral environment, were carried out. Tensile tests at break and creep tests were then performed in order to measure possible changes in the mechanical properties during ageing. Different physicochemical characterizations (DSC, GPC, FTIR, viscosimetry) made it possible to link morphological changes at different scales of the material to the evolution of these macroscopic mechanical quantities.Secondly, a modeling of the ductile-brittle transition of PA11 during ageing was put in place. The evolution of physicochemical descriptors has been integrated into the formalism of a mechanical model developed at IFPEN to account for the biphasic behavior of semi-crystalline polymers. The model makes it possible to describe the impact of ageing on the mechanical behavior of PA11, in particular the initiation as well as the propagation of a neck if necessary. Finally, a model of the rupture of PA11 by embrittlement is proposed
Pelisson, Bernard. "Vieillissement du polyamide-11 en présence d'huiles brutes et en température." Grenoble 2 : ANRT, 1986. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37600319m.
Full textPelisson, Bernard. "Vieillissement du polyamide-11 en présence d'huiles brutes et en température." Rouen, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986ROUES021.
Full textGirard, Vincent. "Amélioration d'un procédé propre de production de poudre de polyamide 11." Thesis, Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011INPL085N/document.
Full textMastering extrusion and synthesis processes of melt polymers means to understand their physical properties and, more especially, their rheological behavior. However, these processes operate, sometimes, at particularly high temperature and pressure which are difficult to reach with a classical rheometer (in this thesis the range is between 200°C and 270°C and between 10bars and 200bars). This PhD thesis suggests a new method to understand rheological properties of melt polyamide 11 above its melting point (185°C) and, also, under steam or supercritical carbon dioxide pressure. Moreover, the possibility to replace the classical Couette geometry by a helical ribbon impeller, in order to mimic somehow the mixing process, allows being closer to the extrusion process and opens new perspectives: At first, thanks to this new pressure cell, the high viscosity of the polyamide 11 is explained by the important impact of hydrogen bond, involved by the polyamide 11 structure. Secondly, beyond the plasticization quantification, the plasticization knowledge as a function of temperature, steam and supercritical carbon dioxide pressure is improved. Furthermore, a mechanism, based on hydrogen bond interaction with water and carbon dioxide molecules, is presented and strengthened thanks to the use of different thermodynamical laws and equations of state to describe the steam pressure. To conclude, the geometry change allows obtaining different information. On the one hand, a kinetics incorporation of supercritical carbon dioxide in the polyamide 11, closer to the future process, is determined. On the other hand, their comparison combined to the no-mixing condition encountered in the Couette geometry leads to approach the diffusion time of the CO2 in the polymer
Jolly, Lionel Heizmann Jean-Julien. "Analyse de la microstructure du polyamide 11 par diffusion des rayons X application à une déformation uniaxiale /." [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2000. ftp://ftp.scd.univ-metz.fr/pub/Theses/2000/Jolly.Lionel.SMZ0006.pdf.
Full textLefebvre, Xavier. "Fissuration fragile lente du polyamide 11 : mécanismes et durées de vie en fluage." Phd thesis, École Nationale Supérieure des Mines de Paris, 2002. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00005717.
Full textEn suivant lévolution de nombreux paramètres physico-chimiques, nous avons déterminé des conditions de vieillissement qui permettent dobtenir un matériau ayant des propriétés semblables à celles du matériau vieilli en service (transport de fluide).
La thèse démontre que le vieillissement influe fortement sur le comportement à la fissuration en fluage, et que le mécanisme dendommagement (multi-crazing) observé sur les éprouvettes est similaire à celui observé in-situ.
A partir des mécanismes observés, deux méthodes de détermination des durées de vie sont proposées. Dune part, à partir de courbes maîtresses présentées dans le cadre de la mécanique de la rupture en viscoplasticité avec utilisation du paramètre C*h, paramètre pertinent pour le PA11 à 90°C. Dautre part, à partir de critères locaux sur la base dune loi de comportement viscoplastique (modèle DDI). La pertinence de deux modèles dendommagement a été testée et discutée à partir dessais en mode mixte I+II.
Lin, Yao. "A Study of the Aging of Polyamide-11 Based on Molecular Weight Measurements." W&M ScholarWorks, 2000. https://scholarworks.wm.edu/etd/1539626255.
Full textLebaupin, Yann. "Comportement à l'impact et post-impact d'un composite lin/polyamide 11 élaboré par thermocompression." Thesis, Chasseneuil-du-Poitou, Ecole nationale supérieure de mécanique et d'aérotechnique, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016ESMA0017/document.
Full textThis PhD work deals with the impact and post-impact behavior of a fully bio-based composite made of flax fibresand Polyamide 11. The first goal was to optimize the hot press moulding parameters for manufacturing this composite. Two types of unidirectional flax fabrics (A and B) and two forms of Polyamide 11 (powder or film) were tested. At first, the pressure and temperature process values were optimized using a first set of composites made of flax A and Polyamide 11 in the form of powder. Then, an optimization of material components was conducted using a second set of composites. All the manufactured composites were tested by means of tensile tests, DMA and porosity measurements. Finally, an optimum configuration was determined: the composite flax B/PA 11 film manufactured with a temperature value of 210 °C and with gradual levels of pressure until 65 bars. Moreover, damage mechanisms were evaluated by acoustic emission and SEM observations during tensile tests. Four mechanisms were identified for the [0]4 and [90]4 composites and five for [±45]s composites. The second goal of this study was to study the effect of an impact of 3.6 J on the compression and tensile behaviors of four stacking sequences of this composite: unidirectional [0]8, alternated [0/90]2s, sandwich [02/902]s and multidirectional [45/0/- 45/90]s. The damage created by the impact in these four lay-ups was characterized thanks to different techniques: visual observations, topographic and C-scan measurements, and micro-tomography. It has been shown that the configurations with the smallest damage were the alternated and multidirectional composites. Then, impacted composites were tested by tensile and compressive loadings, and results were compared with the properties of non- impacted composites. Acoustic emission and digital image correlation were used to identify the damage and strain mechanisms of each type of composites. The results showed that, thanks to the presence of the ±45° plies, the multidirectional composite has the best post-impact behavior. Finally, a finite element model has been developed for simulating the post-impact behavior. As a first approach, a lower value of modulus has been implemented in the impacted area. It has allowed us to compare numerical and experimental strain fields for the different stacking sequences
Roguet, Eléonore. "Caractérisation expérimentale et modélisation de l'etat relaxe dans le polyamide 11 à haute température." Poitiers, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006POIT2309.
Full textThe aim is to investigate and model the mechanical behaviour of a semi-crystalline thermoplastic (PolyAmide 11) far above Tg. A strain-rate independent loading curve (asymptotic curve) is observed below a critical strain-rate depending on temperature during tension and torsion tests. Such observations are consistent with a relaxed state of the rubbery amorphous phase. Nevertheless, the unloading curve is hysteretic and creep or stress relaxation responses are observed when loading is interrupted along the asymptotic curve. Microstructure analyses (DSC and X-ray) indicate that local reorganizations, involving crystalline phase, occur along the asymptotic curve. These conclusions on micro-mechanisms are used to build constitutive laws in a mechanical model. These micro-mechanisms affect the material stiffness and the relaxed state of the amorphous viscosity. This model is tested on simple loading cases
Gaudefroy, Vincent. "Influence de la mise en forme et des traitements thermiques sur le polyamide 11." Poitiers, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003POIT2325.
Full textThe influence of melt forming (cast extrusion and moulded by compression), on the structure and properties of polyamide-11 is studied. The crystalline phases and their evolution with temperature are investigated by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), wide angle X ray scattering (WAXS); the mechanical properties are studied by tensile tests. Cast extrusion process enhances the disordered d' smectic form whereas compression favours the ordered triclinic a phase. A new profile analysis of WAXS scans shows more precisely that both phases coexist in the samples. The crystallinity rate is equal to 34% and 26% in the case of the pressed film and the extruded film respectively. In agreement with these results, the necking parameters show that the crystallites are more difficult to destroy in the a phase in pressed films than in the d'phase in extruded films. The heat treatments in vacuum of PA11 affect both the structure and the mechanical properties. It is demonstrated by WAXS that the decrease of the crystallinity rate and the width of the diffraction peaks with the increase of the temperature explains the perfection of the still existing crystallites. A model is suggested to illustrate this phenomenon. After cooling at room temperature, the initial proportion of d' phase in the extruded film has been transformed into a phase. This transformation depends on annealing temperature and it is associated with the increase of the crystallinity rate and the necking stress. In the PA11, there is no ac relaxation evidence because of H-bonds. In order to explain this phenomenon, a local reorganisation process by chain twisting has been proposed. For annealing near the melting temperature, a complete reorganisation for the two materials is observed. The twisting mechanism fails to explain this phenomenon. However it could be explained by ac relaxation movements which might happen at high temperature owing to the opening of H-bonds
Bělašková, Marie. "Morfologie polyamidu 12 a polyamidu 11 vzniklá za zvýšeného tlaku v kalorimetru." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta chemická, 2017. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-316212.
Full textBélec, Lénai͏̈k. "Mise en évidence de la contribution des phases amorphe et cristalline dans la déformation du polyamide 11 et du polyamide 12 autour de la transition vitreuse." Poitiers, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995POIT2331.
Full textSerio, Luciana. "Effect of glass compositional variables on the structure and properties of phosphate glass/polyamide 11 hybrids." Thesis, London South Bank University, 2016. http://researchopen.lsbu.ac.uk/1351/.
Full textMarchal, Karine. "Influence du chemin de chargement sur le comportement du polyamide 11 autour de la transition vitreuse." Poitiers, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996POIT2373.
Full textJolly, Lionel. "Analyse de la microstructure du polyamide 11 par diffusion des rayons X : application à une déformation uniaxiale." Metz, 2000. http://docnum.univ-lorraine.fr/public/UPV-M/Theses/2000/Jolly.Lionel.SMZ0006.pdf.
Full textGourier, Clément. "Contribution à l’étude de matériaux biocomposites à matrice thermoplastique polyamide-11 et renforcés par des fibres de lin." Thesis, Lorient, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016LORIS415/document.
Full textThis thesis has been carried out as part of the project Fiabilin, which includes 15 different academic and industrial partners, with an aim to develop industrial production of polyamide-11/flax biocomposite. The purpose of this work is to determine multi-scale performances of 100% biosourced composite, in order to substitute composite materials containing glass fibers and/or matrix derived from petroleum. First, we highlighted the flax fiber sensibility toward processing cycles (time and temperature), from mechanical and biochemical structure aspects. Then, we revealed the capacity of PA11-flax association to produce competitive mechanical properties compared to others usual composites. Fiber-matrix interface of the biocomposite was studied at micro and macro scales, showing a higher compatibility than some flax-thermoset resin systems. The end-of-life of the biocomposite was considered by recycling with successive grinding and injections. Then stiffness and strength at break of short fiber biocomposites thus obtained are similar to PPgMA-flax composites, whereas a strong increase of the strain at break according to the number of injection cycles was observed. A life cycle analysis of some composites production steps shows lower environmental impacts of PA11-flax when sizing was made through equivalent material stiffness
Scherer, Beate Theresia [Verfasser], and Frank-Michael [Akademischer Betreuer] Matysik. "Analytical characterization of polyamide 11 and related polymers used for additive manufacturing / Beate Theresia Scherer ; Betreuer: Frank-Michael Matysik." Regensburg : Universitätsbibliothek Regensburg, 2021. http://d-nb.info/123889710X/34.
Full textBoisot, Guillaume. "Mécanismes et modélisation mécanique de la déformation, de l'endommagement et de la rupture du PolyAmide 11 pur et renforcé choc." Phd thesis, École Nationale Supérieure des Mines de Paris, 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00422223.
Full textCette thèse montre qu'une nouvelle fois le modèle de Gurson-Tvergaard-Needleman, modèle initialement développé pour l'étude de la rupture ductile des matériaux métalliques, s'applique dans le cas d'un matériau polymère semicristallin. Le modèle s'avère pertinent pour décrire le comportement endommageable du matériau. Tout comme dans le PVDF, deux critères d'amorçage apparaissent : un critère en coalescence de cavités et un critère d'élongation des fibrilles. Les polymères se déformant rarement dans des conditions d'isothermie, l'auto-échauffement du matériau a été pris en compte en rendant les paramètres intervenant dans le modèle dépendant de la température ; les résultats s'avèrent intéressants et concordent bien avec ceux obtenus expérimentalement. La thèse met également en lumière la préservation de la ductilité par l'ajout d'une seconde phase de caoutchouc en dépit du vieillissement hydrolitique, dans une zone de température inférieure à la zone de température de transition vitreuse. Cependant nous montrons que, selon les caractéristiques de cette seconde phase, les mécanismes d'endommagement peuvent varier et ainsi le critère d'amorçage changer.
Oliver, Ortega Helena. "Materiales compuestos de una poliamida de origen renovable y fibras naturales de alto rendimiento: una sólida alternativa a los materiales compuestos de polipropileno reforzados con fibra de vidrio." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Girona, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/664067.
Full textL’objectiu principal d’aquesta tesi és l’obtenció i caracterització de materials compostos d’una poliamida d’origen renovable i fibres naturals que puguin ser una alternativa molt més sostenible al polipropilè amb fibra de vidre. Els materials compostos produïts es van caracteritzar mecànicament i les propietats obtingudes van ser modelades. També es van estudiar les propietats tèrmiques, termomecàniques i estructurals dels compostos produïts ja que la temperatura de degradació de les fibres naturals és similar a la temperatura de processat dels materials compostos i la presencia de les fibres podien produir un efecte sobre l'estructura i temperatures caracaterístiques de la matriu. A més a més, es va analitzar el comportament d’absorció d’aigua per part dels materials compostos. Finalment, es va modelitzar una peça/producte per tal d'analitzar la viabilitat técnica i la sostenibilitat dels materials compostos obtinguts
Azhdar, Bruska. "Improved high velocity cold copaction processing : polymer powder to high performance parts." Licentiate thesis, KTH, Polymer Technology, 2005. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-407.
Full textA uniaxial High-Velocity Compaction (HVC) process for polymer powder using a cylindrical, hardened steel die and a new technique with relaxation assist was tested with a focus on the compactibility characteristics and surface morphology of the compacted materials using various heights of relaxation assist device with different compacting profiles.
Relaxation assist device was presented as a new technique to reduce springback, pull-out phenomenon and to improve the compaction process.
The basic phenomena associated with HVC are explained and the general energy principle is introduced to explain pull-out phenomenon during the decompacting stage. In this study, polyamide-11 powders with different particle size distributions have been compacted with the application of different compaction profiles, e.g. different energies and velocities. It was found that the relative green density is influenced more by the pre-compacting (primary compaction step) than by the post-compacting (secondary compaction step).
Experimental results for different compaction profiles were presented showing the effect of varying the opposite velocity during the decompacting stage and how to improve the homogeneous densification between the upper and lower surface and the evenness of the upper surface of the compacted powder bed by using relaxation assists, and the influences of the relaxation assist device on the process characteristics. It was found that the relaxation assist improves the compaction of the polymer powder by locking the powder bed in the compacted form. In addition, the relative times of the compacting stage, decompacting stage and the reorganisation of the particles can be controlled by altering the height of the relaxation assist. It was found that the high-velocity compaction process is an interruption process and that the delay times between the pressure waves can be reduced by increasing the height of the relaxation assist device. Furthermore, the first gross instantaneous springback and the total elastic springback are reduced.
Two bonding strain gauges and a high-speed video camera system were used to investigate the springback phenomenon during the compaction process. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and image computer board Camera (IC-PCI Imaging Technology) were used to the study the morphological characteristics, the limit of plastic deformation and particle bonding by plastic flow at contact points, and pull-out phenomena.
QC 20100506
Landreau, Emmanuel. "Matériaux issus de ressources renouvelables. Mélanges amidon plastifié/PA11 compatibilisés." Reims, 2008. http://theses.univ-reims.fr/exl-doc/GED00000801.pdf.
Full textTo develop renewable resources based material, plasticized starch were blend with polyamide 11, a bio-based polymer from castor oil, to improve its mechanical properties and water resistance. Through the high polarity of the amide group, the blends need a compatibilizer to be efficient. The different molecules tested are polysaccharides with anionic groups known to interact with polyamide: sodium alginate, carraghenan and sodium carboxymethylcellulose. Tests runs in blender show that only sodium carboxymethylcellulose (CMC) can improve blend tensile properties. Optimization of the plasticizer, the compatibilizer level and the blend process lead to a mainly starch based material (70%) with a high tensile strength (15 MPa) and elongation at break (130%) with only 1% of CMC. These materials were blends in a twin screw extruder to be studied. SEM, solvent extraction, rheology and electrical resistance mesurment show a continuous PA phase up to 80% of starch. The polysaccharide has a mainly nodular morphology with a partial percolation around 30% starch. Isolated nodules co-exist with a co-continous structure up very high starch content. CMC reduce interfacial tension and nodule size preventing their coalescence. Compostability test on blends, show that starch mineralization is complete whatever its concentration is, but PA remain resistant to biodegradation
Cazzitti, Anne. "Etude de la phase amorphe de polyamides plastifies par spectroscopie micromecanique thermostimulee." Toulouse 3, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988TOU30007.
Full textMailhos-Lefievre, Valèrie. "Etude de la pyrolyse des polyamides 11 et 12, purs et ignifugés par le système (decabromodiphenyle-trioxide d'antimoine) : mise en évidence d'une triple synergie brome-antimoine-azote." Paris 13, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989PA132003.
Full textZaidan, Humberto Actis. "Níveis de Putrescina, Poliaminas e Nutrientes Minerais Relacionados a Diferentes Concentrações de Potássio em Bananeira (Musa sp., AAA e AAB) cvs. Nanica e Prata Anã in Vitro." Universidade de São Paulo, 1998. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/11/11144/tde-28122004-202448/.
Full textPotassium is required in high dosis by the banana plant (Musa sp.) and interacts with other macro and micronutrients present in the medium in which banana tissues are maintained in vitro condition,with consequent modifications in the plant cell metabolism, mainly in nitrogen compounds, such as proteins and amino acids. When K is present in concentrations lower than the required, diamines such as putrescine, and polyamines, such as spermidine and spermine are formed. In order to establish the best dosis of K and follow the physiological consequences of the relationships N/K, K/P, K/Ca, K/Mg, K/Ca+Mg, K/S, K/Cu, K/Fe, K/Mn, K/Zn and K/putrescine, shoot apex of two banana cvs. Nanica and Prata Anã were maintained in asseptic conditions in modified MS media in the presence of 6 different dosis of K: 5, 10, 15, 20, 25 and 30 mM, K 20 mM being the K concentration in basic MS medium, and then transferred to rooting media with the same different K dosis. Dry wt., macro and micronutrients were measured in the shoots, roots and the intire plantlet, and number of plantlets produced determined, the data being analysed estatistically. Putrescine and polyamines were also determined. Visual symptoms of K deficiency such as clorosis and necrosis in the older leaves of all plantlets under low dosis of K were observed. The levels of putrescine and polyamines increased as K decreased in the medium, reaching the maximum value at K 5 mM, both cultivars presenting similar bahavior in relation to the diamine in some K concentrations. Quantitative differences were obtained among the two cultivars pertained to dry wt. values, number of in vitro regenerated banana plantlets and K concentration with optimization around K 15 and 20 mM. In general K absorption was more intense than the other nutrients, the absorption of the later being decreased probably due to a dilution effect of their values as the banana plantlets developed in vitro. These results, including those pertained to the relationships between K and the other nutrients, which always were high (from K 5 to 30 mM), corroborate the importance of potassium ion to the banana cvs. Nanica and Prata Anã.
CHIEN, SHAO-I., and 簡紹益. "Preparation and Physical Properties of Polyamide 11/SiO2 Composites." Thesis, 2018. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/h67vw8.
Full text崑山科技大學
材料工程研究所
106
The polyamide 11/silica (PA 11/SiO2) composites with different contents (0.3 wt%、0.5 wt%、1.0 wt%、1.5 wt%、3.0 wt%、5.0 wt%) were fabricated using twin-screw extruder. The performances of these composites on the ultimate tensile strength, Young’s modulus, elongation at break, Rockwell hardness, thermodegradation temperature, total transmittance, diffuse transmittance, parallel transmittance, haze, and thermal deformation temperature were estimated. The results showed that the inclusion of nano-silica increased the ultimate tensile strength, Young’s modulus of the resulting PA 11 composites. The maximum increment of Young’s modulus reached as high as 33%. However, the maximum decrement on the elongation at break of the PA 11 composites reached to about 16%, as compared to that of the neat PA 11. The SEM images showed that the major amount of nano-silica particles homogeneously dispersed in the nylon 11 matrix. Moreover, the inclusion of nano-silica did little effect on the light transmittance of the resulting composites. The storage modulus, glass transition temperature, and damping factor of the PA 11 composites under DMA measurement were considerably improved, compared with the neat PA 11. As expected, the inclusion of nano-silica particles could considerable improved the physical and mechanical properties of the PA 11 polymer.
LIN, YU-HSIANG, and 林宇祥. "Preparation and Physical Properties of Polyamide 11/Nanoclay Composites." Thesis, 2018. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/4fyxwt.
Full text崑山科技大學
材料工程研究所
107
The Polyamide 11/ Nanoclay composites with different contents (1 wt%、3 wt%、5 wt%、7 wt%) of nanoclay were fabricated using twin-screw extruder. The results showed that the inclusion of nanoclay slightly decreased the ultimate tensile strength. The Young’s modulus of the resulting polyamide 11 composites were significantly improved (an increment of 73% under 7 wt% content of nanoclay), indicating that the inclusion of nanoclay into polyamide 11 greatly improved the mechanical properties. However, the elongation of the polyamide 11 composites gradually decreased with t increasing amount of nanoclay. The inclusion of nanoclay did little effect on the transmittance of light of the polyamide 11 composites.
Chen, I. Chun, and 陳宜均. "Preparation and Characterization of Polyamide 11 and Kenaf/Luffa Fibers Composites." Thesis, 2017. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/gfm66b.
Full textLee, Kuan-Yu, and 李冠宇. "Preparation and Crystallization Behavior of Poly(lactic acid)/Polyamide 11/Silica Composites." Thesis, 2015. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/89186639597314120407.
Full text崑山科技大學
材料工程研究所
103
Poly(lactic acid) (PLA), nylon 11, and silica nanoparticles were mixed using twin-screw extruder to fabricate the PLA/nylon 11/SiO2 composites with different nylon 11 mixing ratios (0~3.0 wt%). The tensile properties of the PLA/nylon 11/SiO2 compositeswere estimated. The ultimate tensile strength (UTS) of the PLA/nylon 11 blends decreased with increasing nylon 11 amount. However, Young’s modulus (E) and the elongation at break (εb) increased significantly with increasing nylon 11 amounts. Furthermore, the addition of silica nanoparticles into the PLA/nylon 11 blends lowered the values of UTS and E of the PLA/nylon 11/SiO2 composites.However, the value of elongation at break of the composites increased significantly. It can be observed that the ligands on the fracture surface of the PLA/nylon 11 blends were higher than those of the neat PLA fracture surface, indicating that the incorporationof nylon 11 made the PLA matrix more ductile. Moreover, the blending PLA with small amount (less than 3 wt%) could considerably increase the Izod impact strength of the PLA polymer, increasing the value of Izod impact strengthto 6.42 kJ/m2 for the PLA/nylon 11 (31% increment).Moreover, it is surprise that the addition of silica nanoparticles increased the value to as high as 8.72 kJ/m2.Accordingly, the additions of nylon 11 and silica nanoparticles couldeffectively toughen the PLA polymer. Regarding the isothermal crystallization behavior of the PLA/nylon 11/SiO2 composites, the additions nylon 11 and silica nanoparticles increased the absolute crystallinity of the resulting PLA composites. Under higher isothermal crystallization temperatures, the addition of nylon 11 could increase the crystallization rate of the PLA matrix. However, the addition silica nanoparticles increased the crystallization rate of thePLA/nylon 11/SiO2 composites while the addition amount of the nylon 11 was lower. Regarding the nonisothermal crystallization behavior of the PLA/nylon 11/SiO2 composites,the addition nylon 11 could also increase the absolute crystallinity of the PLA/nylon 11 blends. Otherwise,for the PLA/nylon 11/SiO2 composites,the absolute crystallinity of the composites decreased when the mixing amount of nylon 11 was higher than 1.5 wt%. The combined Avrami-Ozawa equation could well describe the nonisothermal crystallization behavior of the PLA/nylon 11/SiO2 composites. The additions of nylon 11 and silica nanoparticles increased the necessary temperature gradient of the PLA/nylon 11 blends and PLA/nylon 11/SiO2 composites, respectively, under a given relative crystallinity.