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Journal articles on the topic 'Polybenzimidazol (PBI)'

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Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 7 February 2022

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1

Escorihuela, Jorge, Abel García-Bernabé, Álvaro Montero, Óscar Sahuquillo, Enrique Giménez, and Vicente Compañ. "Ionic Liquid Composite Polybenzimidazol Membranes for High Temperature PEMFC Applications." Polymers 11, no. 4 (April 22, 2019): 732. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym11040732.

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A series of proton exchange membranes based on polybenzimidazole (PBI) were prepared using the low cost ionic liquids (ILs) derived from 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium (BMIM) bearing different anions as conductive fillers in the polymeric matrix with the aim of enhancing the proton conductivity of PBI membranes. The composite membranes prepared by casting method (containing 5 wt. % of IL) exhibited good thermal, dimensional, mechanical, and oxidative stability for fuel cell applications. The effects of anion, temperature on the proton conductivity of phosphoric acid-doped membranes were systematically investigated by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. The PBI composite membranes containing 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium-derived ionic liquids exhibited high proton conductivity of 0.098 S·cm−1 at 120 °C when tetrafluoroborate anion was present in the polymeric matrix. This conductivity enhancement might be attributed to the formed hydrogen-bond networks between the IL molecules and the phosphoric acid molecules distributed along the polymeric matrix.
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2

Ahn, Su Min, Hwan Yeop Jeong, Jung-Kyu Jang, Jang Yong Lee, Soonyong So, Young Jun Kim, Young Taik Hong, and Tae-Ho Kim. "Polybenzimidazole/Nafion hybrid membrane with improved chemical stability for vanadium redox flow battery application." RSC Advances 8, no. 45 (2018): 25304–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c8ra03921f.

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3

Zeng, L., T. S. Zhao, L. An, G. Zhao, and X. H. Yan. "A high-performance sandwiched-porous polybenzimidazole membrane with enhanced alkaline retention for anion exchange membrane fuel cells." Energy & Environmental Science 8, no. 9 (2015): 2768–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c5ee02047f.

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Polybenzimidazole (PBI)-based membrane electrode assemblies are fabricated with a sandwiched-porous PBI as the membrane and a new catalyst structure using PBI-decorated reduced graphene oxide as the supporting material for anion exchange membrane fuel cells.
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4

Chung, Tai Shung, and Paul N. Chen. "Polybenzimidazole (PBI) and polyarylate blends." Journal of Applied Polymer Science 40, no. 78 (October 5, 1990): 1209–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1990.070400711.

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5

Fujigaya, Tsuyohiko, Yilei Shi, Jun Yang, Hua Li, Kohei Ito, and Naotoshi Nakashima. "A highly efficient and durable carbon nanotube-based anode electrocatalyst for water electrolyzers." Journal of Materials Chemistry A 5, no. 21 (2017): 10584–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c7ta01318c.

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Iridium (Ir) nanoparticles with a uniform diameter of 1.1 ± 0.2 nm were homogeneously deposited on multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWNTs) wrapped by polybenzimidazole (PBI), in which PBI enables efficient anchoring of the Ir nanoparticles.
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6

Jiang, Junqiao, Erli Qu, Min Xiao, Dongmei Han, Shuanjin Wang, and Yuezhong Meng. "3D Network Structural Poly (Aryl Ether Ketone)-Polybenzimidazole Polymer for High-Temperature Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells." Advances in Polymer Technology 2020 (August 14, 2020): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/4563860.

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Poor mechanical property is a critical problem for phosphoric acid-doped high-temperature proton exchange membranes (HT-PEMs). In order to address this concern, in this work, a 3D network structural poly (aryl ether ketone)-polybenzimidazole (PAEK-cr-PBI) polymer electrolyte membrane was successfully synthesized through crosslinking reaction between poly (aryl ether ketone) with the pendant carboxyl group (PAEK-COOH) and amino-terminated polybenzimidazole (PBI-4NH2). PAEK-COOH with a poly (aryl ether ketone) backbone endows superior thermal, mechanical, and chemical stability, while PBI-4NH2 serves as both a proton conductor and a crosslinker with basic imidazole groups to absorb phosphoric acid. Moreover, the composite membrane of PAEK-cr-PBI blended with linear PBI (PAEK-cr-PBI@PBI) was also prepared. Both membranes with a proper phosphoric acid (PA) uptake exhibit an excellent proton conductivity of around 50 mS cm-1 at 170°C, which is comparable to that of the well-documented PA-doped PBI membrane. Furthermore, the PA-doped PAEK-cr-PBI membrane shows superior mechanical properties of 17 MPa compared with common PA-doped PBI. Based upon these encouraging results, the as-synthesized PAEK-cr-PBI gives a highly practical promise for its application in high-temperature proton exchange membrane fuel cells (HT-PEMFCs).
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7

Maurya, Sandip, Sung-Hee Shin, Ju-Young Lee, Yekyung Kim, and Seung-Hyeon Moon. "Amphoteric nanoporous polybenzimidazole membrane with extremely low crossover for a vanadium redox flow battery." RSC Advances 6, no. 7 (2016): 5198–204. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c5ra26244e.

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8

Shedden, Devon, Kristen M. Atkinson, Ibrahim Cisse, Shin Lutondo, Tyshawn Roundtree, Michilena Teixeira, Joel Shertok, et al. "UV Photo-Oxidation of Polybenzimidazole (PBI)." Technologies 8, no. 4 (October 9, 2020): 52. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/technologies8040052.

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Since polybenzimidazole (PBI) is often used in the aerospace industry, high-temperature fuel cells, and in redox flow batteries, this research investigated the surface modification of PBI film with 253.7 and 184.9 nm UV photo-oxidation. As observed by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), the oxygen concentration on the surface increased up to a saturation level of 20.2 ± 0.7 at %. With increasing treatment time, there were significant decreases in the concentrations of C-C sp2 and C=N groups and increases in the concentrations of C=O, O-C=O, O-(C=O)-O, C-N, and N-C=O containing moieties due to 253.7 nm photo-oxidation of the aromatic groups of PBI and reaction with ozone produced by 184. 9 nm photo-dissociation of oxygen. Because no significant changes in surface topography were detected by Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) and SEM measurements, the observed decrease in the water contact angle down to ca. 44°, i.e., increase in hydrophilic, was due to the chemical changes on the surface.
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9

Sandor, R. B. "PBI (Polybenzimidazole): Synthesis, Properties and Applications." High Performance Polymers 2, no. 1 (February 1990): 25–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/152483999000200103.

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10

Omar, Omran, Bao Ha, Katerine Vega, Andrew Fleischer, Hyukin Moon, Joel Shertok, Alla Bailey, Michael Mehan, Surendra K. Gupta, and Gerald A. Takacs. "Reaction of ozone with polybenzimidazole (PBI)." Ozone: Science & Engineering 40, no. 5 (March 2, 2018): 392–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01919512.2018.1446127.

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11

Hao, Jinkai, Xueqiang Gao, Yongyi Jiang, Feng Xie, Zhigang Shao, and Baolian Yi. "Fabrication of N1-butyl substituted 4,5-dimethyl-imidazole based crosslinked anion exchange membranes for fuel cells." RSC Advances 7, no. 83 (2017): 52812–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c7ra08966j.

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Novel N1, C4, C5-substituted imidazolium-based crosslinked anion exchange membranes (AEMs) are prepared by the incorporation of polybenzimidazole (PBI) into the poly(vinylbenzyl chloride) (PVBC) matrix.
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12

Kumar B., Satheesh, Balakondareddy Sana, G. Unnikrishnan, Tushar Jana, and Santhosh Kumar K. S. "Polybenzimidazole co-polymers: their synthesis, morphology and high temperature fuel cell membrane properties." Polymer Chemistry 11, no. 5 (2020): 1043–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c9py01403a.

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Polybenzimidazole (PBI) random co-polymers containing alicyclic and aromatic backbones were synthesized using two different dicarboxylic acids (viz., cyclohexane dicarboxylic acid and terephthalic acid) by varying their molar ratios.
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13

Singh, Dr Navneet. "Polybenzimidazole Fiber (PBI): Synthetic Fibre from Benzimidazole." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 8, no. 1 (January 31, 2020): 742–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2020.1128.

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14

Jean-Fulcrand, Annelise, Marc A. Masen, Tim Bremner, and Janet S. S. Wong. "High temperature tribological properties of polybenzimidazole (PBI)." Polymer 128 (October 2017): 159–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.polymer.2017.09.026.

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15

Zhu, Lingxiang, Mark T. Swihart, and Haiqing Lin. "Tightening polybenzimidazole (PBI) nanostructure via chemical cross-linking for membrane H2/CO2separation." Journal of Materials Chemistry A 5, no. 37 (2017): 19914–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c7ta03874g.

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16

Yu, Xinxin, Fang Luo, and Zehui Yang. "Bottom-up design of a stable CO-tolerant platinum electrocatalyst with enhanced fuel cell performance in direct methanol fuel cells." RSC Advances 6, no. 101 (2016): 98861–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c6ra24025a.

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Here, we design a stable CO tolerant platinum electrocatalyst via a bottom-up method, in which the platinum nanoparticles are deposited on carbon black after coating with polybenzimidazole (PBI) and poly(vinyl pyrrolidone) (PVP).
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17

Zhang, Li, Qing Qing Ni, and Toshiaki Natsuki. "Mechanical Properties of Polybenzimidazole Reinforced by Carbon Nanofibers." Advanced Materials Research 47-50 (June 2008): 302–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.47-50.302.

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Polybenzimidazole (PBI) and vapor grown carbon nanofibers (VGNFs) nanocomposites were developed successfully by using ultrasonic mixing followed by hot compress. The contents of VGNFs used were 0.5wt%, 1wt%, 2wt% and 5wt%. The mechanical properties of neat PBI and PBI/VGNFs nanocomposites were discussed and the results were that the Young’s modulus, tensile strength, storage modulus and hardness were improved after adding VGNFs. Microscopic analysis showed that the dispersion of VGNFs in nanocomposites with a lower amount was considered to be uniform.
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18

Zhang, Yan Li, Zu Ming Hu, and Yan Wang. "Super Hydrophobic Properties of Papers Prepared from Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotubes Functionalized with Polybenzimidazole and AgNPs." Materials Science Forum 815 (March 2015): 629–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.815.629.

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The fabrication of multi walled carbon nanotube (MWNT) buckypaper and its silver nanoparticle (AgNP) hybrid is studied with the assist of a high-performance polymer, polybenzimidazole (PBI) by filtration-method. The result of Raman spectra demonstrates the strong π-π interaction between MWNT and PBI. Because of the coordination effect of imidazole groups to metal ions, AgNPs are then deposited on the surface of MWNTs/PBI buckypaper. The Ag/buckypaper hybrid (MPBA) is found to be super-hydrophobic after being treated by 1-Octadecanethiol.
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19

Peng, Sangshan, Xiaoming Yan, Daishuang Zhang, Xuemei Wu, Yongliang Luo, and Gaohong He. "A H3PO4 preswelling strategy to enhance the proton conductivity of a H2SO4-doped polybenzimidazole membrane for vanadium flow batteries." RSC Advances 6, no. 28 (2016): 23479–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c6ra00831c.

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A H3PO4 preswelling strategy is proposed to prepare H2SO4-doped polybenzimidazole (PBI) membranes with improved ADL and proton conductivity for vanadium flow battery.
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20

Escorihuela, Jorge, Jessica Olvera-Mancilla, Larissa Alexandrova, L. Felipe del Castillo, and Vicente Compañ. "Recent Progress in the Development of Composite Membranes Based on Polybenzimidazole for High Temperature Proton Exchange Membrane (PEM) Fuel Cell Applications." Polymers 12, no. 9 (August 19, 2020): 1861. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym12091861.

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The rapid increasing of the population in combination with the emergence of new energy-consuming technologies has risen worldwide total energy consumption towards unprecedent values. Furthermore, fossil fuel reserves are running out very quickly and the polluting greenhouse gases emitted during their utilization need to be reduced. In this scenario, a few alternative energy sources have been proposed and, among these, proton exchange membrane (PEM) fuel cells are promising. Recently, polybenzimidazole-based polymers, featuring high chemical and thermal stability, in combination with fillers that can regulate the proton mobility, have attracted tremendous attention for their roles as PEMs in fuel cells. Recent advances in composite membranes based on polybenzimidazole (PBI) for high temperature PEM fuel cell applications are summarized and highlighted in this review. In addition, the challenges, future trends, and prospects of composite membranes based on PBI for solid electrolytes are also discussed.
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21

Olvera-Mancilla, Jessica, Jorge Escorihuela, Larissa Alexandrova, Andreu Andrio, Abel García-Bernabé, Luis Felipe del Castillo, and Vicente Compañ. "Effect of metallacarborane salt H[COSANE] doping on the performance properties of polybenzimidazole membranes for high temperature PEMFCs." Soft Matter 16, no. 32 (2020): 7624–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d0sm00743a.

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The preparation and characterization of composite proton exchange membranes containing protonated cobaltacarborane H[Co(C2B9H11)2] names as H[COSANE] and different polybenzimidazole (PBI) for a high temperature PEMFC applications is reported.
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22

Yang, Jing Shuai, Xue Yuan Li, Yi Xin Xu, Quan Tong Che, Rong Huan He, and Qing Feng Li. "Polybenzimidazole Membranes Containing Benzimidazole Side Groups for High Temprature Polymer Electrolyte Membrane Fuel Cells." Advanced Materials Research 716 (July 2013): 310–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.716.310.

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Polybenzimidazole (PBI) with a high molecular weight of 69,000 was first synthesized. It was afterwards grafted with benzimidazole pendant groups on the backbones. The acid doped benzimidaozle grafted PBI membranes were investigated and characterized including fuel cell tests at elevated temperatures without humidification. At an acid doping level of 13.1 mol H3PO4 per average molar repeat unit, the PBI membranes with a benzimidazole grafting degree of 10.6% demonstrated a conductivity of 0.15 S cm-1 and a H2-air fuel cell peak power density of 378 mW cm-2 at 180 °C at ambient pressure without humidification.
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23

Flanagan, M. F., and I. C. Escobar. "Novel Charged and Hydrophilized Polybenzimidazole (PBI) Nanofiltration Membranes." Procedia Engineering 44 (2012): 220. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.proeng.2012.08.365.

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24

Wang, Yan, Michael Gruender, and Sheng Xu. "Polybenzimidazole (PBI) Membranes for Phenol Dehydration via Pervaporation." Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research 53, no. 47 (November 11, 2014): 18291–303. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ie502626s.

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25

Yuan, Youxin, Frederick Johnson, and Israel Cabasso. "Polybenzimidazole (PBI) molecular weight and Mark-Houwink equation." Journal of Applied Polymer Science 112, no. 6 (June 15, 2009): 3436–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.29817.

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26

Berber, Mohamed R., Hoda Elkhenany, Inas H. Hafez, Ahmed El-Badawy, Mohamed Essawy, and Nagwa El-Badri. "Efficient tailoring of platinum nanoparticles supported on multiwalled carbon nanotubes for cancer therapy." Nanomedicine 15, no. 8 (April 2020): 793–808. http://dx.doi.org/10.2217/nnm-2019-0445.

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Aim: Therapeutically targeting cancer stem cells (CSCs), which play a role in tumor initiation and relapse, remains challenging. Materials & methods: Novel-formulated platinum nanoparticles (Pt-NPs) supported on polybenzimidazole (PBI)-functionalized polymers and multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT) were prepared and their effect on CSCs was evaluated. Results: Pt-NPs showed homogenous distribution on the surface of MWCNT/PBI composites, with very narrow particle size. MWCNT/PBI/Pt-NPs resulted in a dramatic decrease in the proliferation rate of CSCs but not bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs). Quantitative gene expression analysis revealed that MWCNT/PBI/Pt had a significant inhibitory effect on the epithelial-mesenchymal transition and cell cycle markers of CSCs. Conclusion: MWCNT/PBI/Pt exhibited a specific cytotoxic effect on breast CSCs but not on adult stem cells.
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27

Leinonen, Salla-M., and David C. Sherrington. "Epoxidation of Alkenes using Equimolar Levels of t-BHP Catalysed by Polybenzimidazole (PBI)-supported Molybdenum(VI)." Journal of Chemical Research 23, no. 9 (September 1999): 572–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/174751989902300927.

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Epoxidation of cyclohexene, styrene and 4-vinylcyclohexene using equimolar levels of tert-butylhydroperoxide ( t-BHP) as the oxidant and a polybenzimidazole-supported molybdenumn(VI) catalyst (PBI.Mo) can be achieved in moderate to good yields (50–70%) by appropriate choice of conditions.
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28

Escorihuela, García-Bernabé, Montero, Andrio, Sahuquillo, Giménez, and Compañ. "Proton Conductivity through Polybenzimidazole Composite Membranes Containing Silica Nanofiber Mats." Polymers 11, no. 7 (July 14, 2019): 1182. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym11071182.

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The quest for sustainable and more efficient energy-converting devices has been the focus of researchers′ efforts in the past decades. In this study, SiO2 nanofiber mats were fabricated through an electrospinning process and later functionalized using silane chemistry to introduce different polar groups OH (neutral), SO3H (acidic) and NH2 (basic). The modified nanofiber mats were embedded in PBI to fabricate mixed matrix membranes. The incorporation of these nanofiber mats in the PBI matrix showed an improvement in the chemical and thermal stability of the composite membranes. Proton conduction measurements show that PBI composite membranes containing nanofiber mats with basic groups showed higher proton conductivities, reaching values as high as 4 mS·cm−1 at 200 C.
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29

AINLA, A., and D. BRANDELL. "Nafion®–polybenzimidazole (PBI) composite membranes for DMFC applications." Solid State Ionics 178, no. 7-10 (April 2007): 581–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ssi.2007.01.014.

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30

Escorihuela, Jorge, Óscar Sahuquillo, Abel García-Bernabé, Enrique Giménez, and Vicente Compañ. "Phosphoric Acid Doped Polybenzimidazole (PBI)/Zeolitic Imidazolate Framework Composite Membranes with Significantly Enhanced Proton Conductivity under Low Humidity Conditions." Nanomaterials 8, no. 10 (September 29, 2018): 775. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano8100775.

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The preparation and characterization of composite polybenzimidazole (PBI) membranes containing zeolitic imidazolate framework 8 (ZIF-8) and zeolitic imidazolate framework 67 (ZIF-67) is reported. The phosphoric acid doped composite membranes display proton conductivity values that increase with increasing temperatures, maintaining their conductivity under anhydrous conditions. The addition of ZIF to the polymeric matrix enhances proton transport relative to the values observed for PBI and ZIFs alone. For example, the proton conductivity of PBI@ZIF-8 reaches 3.1 × 10−3 S·cm−1 at 200 °C and higher values were obtained for PBI@ZIF-67 membranes, with proton conductivities up to 4.1 × 10−2 S·cm−1. Interestingly, a composite membrane containing a 5 wt.% binary mixture of ZIF-8 and ZIF-67 yielded a proton conductivity of 9.2 × 10−2 S·cm−1, showing a synergistic effect on the proton conductivity.
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31

Kumar, V. Vijaya, C. Ramesh Kumar, A. Suresh, S. Jayalakshmi, U. Kamachi Mudali, and N. Sivaraman. "Evaluation of polybenzimidazole-based polymers for the removal of uranium, thorium and palladium from aqueous medium." Royal Society Open Science 5, no. 6 (June 2018): 171701. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsos.171701.

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Four types of polybenzimidazole (PBI)-based polymers ( m -PBI, p -PBI, pyridine-based m -PBI and alkylated m -PBI) have been prepared and characterized. Extraction behaviour of heavy metal ions, viz. U(VI), Th(IV) and Pd(II), with these polymers was investigated. Distribution ratios for the extraction of these metal ions were measured as a function of nitric acid concentration. Extraction data reveal that, in general, p -PBI exhibits a higher distribution ratio for U(VI), Th(IV) and Pd(II) compared with the other polymeric resins evaluated in the present study. Column chromatography experiments were carried out with a solution of U(VI), Th(IV) and Pd(II) in dilute nitric acid media using columns packed with m - and p -PBI polymeric material for understanding the sorption and elution behaviour. The p -PBI-based resin has shown higher palladium sorption capacity (1.8 mmol g −1 ). The studies also established that p -PBI resin is a potential candidate material for the recovery of U(VI) and Th(IV) (capacity 0.22 mmol g −1 and 0.13 mmol g −1 ) from an aqueous stream, e.g. mine water samples.
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32

Paglia, L., V. Genova, M. P. Bracciale, C. Bartuli, F. Marra, M. Natali, and G. Pulci. "Thermochemical characterization of polybenzimidazole with and without nano-ZrO2 for ablative materials application." Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry 142, no. 5 (October 28, 2020): 2149–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10973-020-10343-4.

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AbstractDuring the ballistic atmospheric re-entry, a space vehicle has to withstand huge thermo-mechanical solicitations because of its high velocity and the friction with the atmosphere. According to the kind of the re-entry mission, the heat fluxes can be very high (in the order of some MW m−2) ;thus, an adequate thermal protection system is mandatory in order to preserve the structure of the vehicle, the payload and, for manned mission, the crew. Carbon phenolic ablators have been chosen for several missions because they are able to dissipate the incident heat flux very efficiently. Phenolic resin presents satisfying performance but also environmental drawbacks. Thus, a more environmental-friendly solution was conceived: a high-performance thermoplastic material, polybenzimidazole (PBI), was employed instead of phenolic resin. In this work PBI-ablative material samples were manufactured with and without the addition of nano-ZrO2 and tested with an oxyacetylene flame. For comparison, some carbon-phenolic ablators with the same density were manufactured and tested too. Thermogravimetric analysis on PBI samples was carried out at different heating rates, and the obtained TG data were elaborated to evaluate the activation energy of PBI and nano-filled PBI. The thermokinetics results for PBI show an improvement in thermal stability due to the addition of nano-ZrO2, while the oxyacetylene flame test enlightens how PBI ablators are able to overcome the carbon phenolic ablators performance, in particular when modified by the addition of nano-ZrO2.
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33

Wang, Xiao, Palitha Jayaweera, Radwan Alrasheed, Saad Aljlil, Yousef Alyousef, Mohammad Alsubaei, Hamad AlRomaih, and Indira Jayaweera. "Preparation of Polybenzimidazole Hollow-Fiber Membranes for Reverse Osmosis and Nanofiltration by Changing the Spinning Air Gap." Membranes 8, no. 4 (November 19, 2018): 113. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/membranes8040113.

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High-performance polybenzimidazole (PBI) hollow-fiber membranes (HFMs) were fabricated through a continuous dry-jet wet spinning process at SRI International. By adjusting the spinning air gap from 4″ (10.2 cm) to 0.5″ (1.3 cm), the HFM pore sizes were enlarged dramatically without any significant change of the fiber dimensional size and barrier layer thickness. When fabricated with an air gap of 2.5″ (6.4 cm) and a surface modified by NaClO solution, the PBI HFM performance was comparable to that of a commercial reverse osmosis (RO) HFM product from Toyobo in terms of salt (NaCl) rejection and water permeability. The PBI RO HFM was positively surface charged in acidic conditions (pH < 7), which enhanced salt rejection via the Donnan effect. With an air gap of 1.5″ (3.8 cm), the PBI HFM rejected MgSO4 and Na2SO4 above 95%, a result that compares favorably with that achieved by nanofiltration. In addition, the PBI HFM has a defect-free structure with an ultra-thin barrier layer and porous sublayer. We believe PBI HFMs are ideal for water purification and can be readily commercialized.
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34

Nordin, Norhayati, Izan Izwan Misnon, Kwok Feng Chong, Kee Shyuan Loh, and Rajan Jose. "Effect of Solvents Ratio and Polymer Concentration on Electrospun Polybenzimidazole Nanofiber Membranes Fabrication." Materials Science Forum 1025 (March 2021): 299–304. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.1025.299.

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Polybenzimidazole (PBI) nanofiber membranes were prepared using electrospinning potential of 15 kV and 0.2 ml/h flow rate at different PBI concentrations (6.5 and 7.5 w/v%) with the solvent mixture ratio (DMAc:DMF) of 1:1 and 2:1, respectively. This study investigated the properties of the polymeric solution and the effects of solvent ratio and concentration on morphology, hydrophobicity and mechanical properties of PBI nanofiber membranes. The solvent mixture ratio and spinning solution properties are not significantly different than the effect of polymer concentration on the viscosity. The viscosity and surface tension of spinning solutions increases with an increase in the concentration of PBI. It was observed that the average diameter of nanofibers was 75 and 97 nm for 6.5 and 7.5 w/v% PBI spinning solution, respectively. Moreover, the contact angle values range from 111 to 125°. This observation reflects that the nanofiber membranes are hydrophobic. Another finding is that the nanofiber membranes with 7.5 w/v% of PBI showed excellent mechanical properties with the maximum stress value of 4.20 ± 0.29 MPa. The finding also shows that the polymer concentration on the spinning solution influences the structure and morphology of the nanofibers. On the other hand, the solvent mixture ratio does not have any significant impact on the nanofiber membranes properties.
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35

Shan, Meixia, Xinlei Liu, Xuerui Wang, Zilong Liu, Hodayfa Iziyi, Swapna Ganapathy, Jorge Gascon, and Freek Kapteijn. "Novel high performance poly(p-phenylene benzobisimidazole) (PBDI) membranes fabricated by interfacial polymerization for H2 separation." Journal of Materials Chemistry A 7, no. 15 (2019): 8929–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c9ta01524h.

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36

Suryani, Yu-Nan Chang, Juin-Yih Lai, and Ying-Ling Liu. "Polybenzimidazole (PBI)-functionalized silica nanoparticles modified PBI nanocomposite membranes for proton exchange membranes fuel cells." Journal of Membrane Science 403-404 (June 2012): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.memsci.2012.01.043.

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37

Sordini, Laura, João C. Silva, Fábio F. F. Garrudo, Carlos A. V. Rodrigues, Ana C. Marques, Robert J. Linhardt, Joaquim M. S. Cabral, Jorge Morgado, and Frederico Castelo Ferreira. "PEDOT:PSS-Coated Polybenzimidazole Electroconductive Nanofibers for Biomedical Applications." Polymers 13, no. 16 (August 19, 2021): 2786. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym13162786.

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Bioelectricity drives several processes in the human body. The development of new materials that can deliver electrical stimuli is gaining increasing attention in the field of tissue engineering. In this work, novel, highly electrically conductive nanofibers made of poly [2,2′-m-(phenylene)-5,5′-bibenzimidazole] (PBI) have been manufactured by electrospinning and then coated with cross-linked poly (3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) doped with poly (styrene sulfonic acid) (PEDOT:PSS) by spin coating or dip coating. These scaffolds have been characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) imaging and attenuated total reflectance Fourier-transform infrared (ATR-FTIR) spectroscopy. The electrical conductivity was measured by the four-probe method at values of 28.3 S·m−1 for spin coated fibers and 147 S·m−1 for dip coated samples, which correspond, respectively, to an increase of about 105 and 106 times in relation to the electrical conductivity of PBI fibers. Human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stromal cells (hBM-MSCs) cultured on the produced scaffolds for one week showed high viability, typical morphology and proliferative capacity, as demonstrated by calcein fluorescence staining, 4′,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI)/Phalloidin staining and MTT [3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5 diphenyl tetrazolium bromide] assay. Therefore, all fiber samples demonstrated biocompatibility. Overall, our findings highlight the great potential of PEDOT:PSS-coated PBI electrospun scaffolds for a wide variety of biomedical applications, including their use as reliable in vitro models to study pathologies and the development of strategies for the regeneration of electroactive tissues or in the design of new electrodes for in vivo electrical stimulation protocols.
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38

Perry, Kelly A., Glenn A. Eisman, and Brian C. Benicewicz. "Electrochemical hydrogen pumping using a high-temperature polybenzimidazole (PBI) membrane." Journal of Power Sources 177, no. 2 (March 2008): 478–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jpowsour.2007.11.059.

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39

Asadi Tashvigh, Akbar, and Tai-Shung Chung. "Robust polybenzimidazole (PBI) hollow fiber membranes for organic solvent nanofiltration." Journal of Membrane Science 572 (February 2019): 580–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.memsci.2018.11.048.

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40

Flanagan, Michael F., and Isabel C. Escobar. "Novel charged and hydrophilized polybenzimidazole (PBI) membranes for forward osmosis." Journal of Membrane Science 434 (May 2013): 85–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.memsci.2013.01.039.

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41

Sadeghi, Morteza, Homayoon Moadel, Somaieh Khatti, and Behnam Ghalei. "Dual-Mode Sorption of Inorganic Acids in Polybenzimidazole (PBI) Membrane." Journal of Macromolecular Science, Part B 49, no. 6 (October 9, 2010): 1128–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00222341003641412.

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42

Wu, X., and K. Scott. "A H2SO4 Loaded Polybenzimidazole (PBI) Membrane for High Temperature PEMFC." Fuel Cells 12, no. 4 (May 23, 2012): 583–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/fuce.201100145.

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43

Germer, Wiebke, Janine Leppin, Carolina Nunes Kirchner, Hyeongrae Cho, Hyoung-Juhn Kim, Dirk Henkensmeier, Kwan-Young Lee, Mateusz Brela, Artur Michalak, and Alexander Dyck. "Phase Separated Methylated Polybenzimidazole (O-PBI) Based Anion Exchange Membranes." Macromolecular Materials and Engineering 300, no. 5 (January 28, 2015): 497–509. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mame.201400345.

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44

Chung, Tai-Shung, and Paul N. Chen. "Film and membrane properties of polybenzimidazole (PBI) and polyarylate alloys." Polymer Engineering and Science 30, no. 1 (January 1990): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pen.760300102.

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45

Henkensmeier, Dirk, Hyeongrae Cho, Mateusz Brela, Artur Michalak, Alexander Dyck, Wiebke Germer, Ngoc My Hanh Duong, et al. "Anion conducting polymers based on ether linked polybenzimidazole (PBI-OO)." International Journal of Hydrogen Energy 39, no. 6 (February 2014): 2842–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2013.07.091.

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46

Yuan, James H., Amy C. Rogowski, and Jorge E. Ramirez. "Biochemical application of a new ion exchange/sorbent, polybenzimidazole (PBI)." Fresenius' Zeitschrift für analytische Chemie 324, no. 3-4 (January 1986): 299–300. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00487942.

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47

Han, Seungyoon, Yeon Hun Jeong, Ju Hae Jung, Alina Begley, Euiji Choi, Sung Jong Yoo, Jong Hyun Jang, Hyoung-Juhn Kim, Suk Woo Nam, and Jin Young Kim. "Spectrophotometric Analysis of Phosphoric Acid Leakage in High-Temperature Phosphoric Acid-Doped Polybenzimidazole Membrane Fuel Cell Application." Journal of Sensors 2016 (2016): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/5290510.

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High-temperature proton exchange membrane fuel cells (HT-PEMFCs) utilize a phosphoric acid- (PA-) doped polybenzimidazole (PBI) membrane as a polymer electrolyte. The PA concentration in the membrane can affect fuel cell performance, as a significant amount of PA can leak from the membrane electrode assembly (MEA) by dissolution in discharged water, which is a byproduct of cell operation. Spectrophotometric analysis of PA leakage in PA-doped polybenzimidazole membrane fuel cells is described here. This spectrophotometric analysis is based on measurement of absorption of an ion pair formed by phosphomolybdic anions and the cationoid color reagent. Different color reagents were tested based on PA detection sensitivity, stability of the formed color, and accuracy with respect to the amount of PA measured. This method allows for nondestructive analysis and monitoring of PA leakage during HT-PEMFCs operation.
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48

Lee, Jin-Woo, Kwangin Kim, Sher Bahadar Khan, Patrick Han, Jongchul Seo, Wonbong Jang, and Haksoo Han. "Synthesis, Characterization, and Thermal and Proton Conductivity Evaluation of 2,5-Polybenzimidazole Composite Membranes." Journal of Nanomaterials 2014 (2014): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/460232.

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In this contribution, composite membranes (CM-D and CM-S) of 2,5-polybenzimidazole (PBI) were synthesized by adding inorganic heteropoly acids (IHA-D and IHA-S). IHA-D and IHA-S were synthesized by condensation reaction of silicotungstic acid with tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS) in the absence and presence of mesoporous silica (SiO2), respectively. The synthesized composites were structurally and morphologically characterized and further investigated the functional relationships between the materials structure and proton conductivity. The proton conductivity as well as thermal stability was found to be higher for composite membranes which suggest that both properties are highly contingent on mesoporous silica. The composite membrane with mesoporous silica shows high thermal properties and proton conductivity. IHA-D shows proton conductivity of almost1.48×10-1 Scm−1while IHA-S exhibited2.06×10-1 Scm−1in nonhumidity imposing condition (150°C) which is higher than pure PBI. Thus introduction of inorganic heteropoly acid to PBI is functionally preferable as it results in increase of ion conductivity of PBI and can be better candidates for high temperature PEMFC.
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49

Zhou, Zhengping, Oksana Zholobko, Xiang-Fa Wu, Ted Aulich, Jivan Thakare, and John Hurley. "Polybenzimidazole-Based Polymer Electrolyte Membranes for High-Temperature Fuel Cells: Current Status and Prospects." Energies 14, no. 1 (December 29, 2020): 135. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14010135.

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Polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs) expect a promising future in addressing the major problems associated with production and consumption of renewable energies and meeting the future societal and environmental needs. Design and fabrication of new proton exchange membranes (PEMs) with high proton conductivity and durability is crucial to overcome the drawbacks of the present PEMs. Acid-doped polybenzimidazoles (PBIs) carry high proton conductivity and long-term thermal, chemical, and structural stabilities are recognized as the suited polymeric materials for next-generation PEMs of high-temperature fuel cells in place of Nafion® membranes. This paper aims to review the recent developments in acid-doped PBI-based PEMs for use in PEMFCs. The structures and proton conductivity of a variety of acid-doped PBI-based PEMs are discussed. More recent development in PBI-based electrospun nanofiber PEMs is also considered. The electrochemical performance of PBI-based PEMs in PEMFCs and new trends in the optimization of acid-doped PBIs are explored.
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50

Meng, Chao, Sheng Huang, Dongmei Han, Shan Ren, Shuanjin Wang, and Min Xiao. "Semi-interpenetrating Network Membrane from Polyethyleneimine-Epoxy Resin and Polybenzimidazole for HT-PEM Fuel Cells." Advances in Polymer Technology 2020 (December 29, 2020): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/3845982.

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In the present work, a semi-interpenetrating network (semi-IPN) high-temperature proton exchange membrane based on polyethyleneimine (PEI), epoxy resin (ER), and polybenzimidazole (PBI) was prepared and characterized, aiming at their future application in fuel cell devices. The physical properties of the semi-IPN membrane are characterized by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and tensile strength test. The results indicate that the as-prepared PEI-ER/PBI semi-IPN membranes possess excellent thermal stability and mechanical strength. After phosphoric acid (PA) doping treatment, the semi-IPN membranes show high proton conductivities. PA doping level and volume swelling ratio as well as proton conductivities of the semi-IPN membranes are found to be positively related to the PEI content. High proton conductivities of 3.9 ∽ 7.8 × 10 − 2 S c m − 1 are achieved at 160°C for these PA-doped PEI-ER/PBI series membranes. H2/O2 fuel cell assembled with PA-doped PEI-ER(1 : 2)/PBI membrane delivered a peak power density of 170 mW cm-2 at 160°C under anhydrous conditions.
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