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Journal articles on the topic 'Polycrates'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 30 July 2024

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1

Kuciak, Jakub. "The Fleet as the Basis for Polycrates of Samos’ Thalassocracy." Electrum 27 (2020): 45–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.4467/20800909el.20.003.12793.

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Described most exhaustively in Herodotus’ Histories, the navy commanded by tyrant Polycrates of Samos was allegedly one of the greatest in archaic Greece, but the extant sources provide conflicting information about its history of use, structure and role in Polycrates’grand strategy. The paper analyses the available evidence to throw light on selected unknowns regarding Polycrates’naval power. Considered matters include numbers and types of ships found in Polycrates’ navy: penteconters, triremes and samainae, the invention of the latter type traditionally ascribed to Polycrates. Relevantly to this article, the Greek historiographic tradition frequently ascribes famous inventions to famous personages: within this text, I attempt to untangle this association to test whether it holds true for Polycrates. Finally, I examine how the tyrant obtained funds to maintain his sizeable fleet, investigating whether Polycrates might have resorted to pillaging and privateering to pay for his navy’s upkeep.

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2

Woodbury, Leonard. "Ibycus and Polycrates." Phoenix 39, no. 3 (1985): 193. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1088635.

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3

van der Veen, Jan Ebel. "Polycrates, Croesus, Xerxes." Lampas 52, no. 1 (March 1, 2019): 16–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.5117/lam2019.1.003.vand.

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Summary The present article is a response to the essay by Irene de Jong in this issue of Lampas. Its main contention is that De Jong misrepresents the motives at work in Herodotus’ representation of Croesus, Xerxes and, especially, the return of Polycrates’ ring. Focusing entirely on the divine aspect of causation (the ‘jealousy of the gods’), De Jong leaves out of consideration altogether the second part of what Lesky called doppelte Motivation: the psychological aspect. I aim to show that in so doing De Jong creates an incomplete picture of causation in Herodotus, especially with regard to the three iconic characters mentioned. The most important element of Herodotus’ monarchs is their ineluctable adherence to power and greatness, which dictates their outlook on life and forces their hand, even when they (like Xerxes and Polycrates) do possess an intellectual grasp of the realities concerned. The working of this powerful force is signalled by the mention of emotions like anger, fear and pleasure.

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4

Pelling, Christopher. "Herodotus, Polycrates – and Maybe Stesimbrotus Too?" Journal of Hellenic Studies 136 (2016): 113–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0075426916000082.

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Abstract:The late fifth-century or sixth-century AD writer Fulgentius appears to quote Stesimbrotus of Thasos for a grisly detail of the death of Polycrates, describing how his corpse was carried away on a stretcher. Fulgentius is not a source to command confidence, and Jacoby dismisses this fragment as ‘unecht’ without further discussion. There is a case for being more cautious. It is not impossible that Stesimbrotus described Polycrates’ death, and, if so, Herodotus may be setting himself against that narrative when he says that Polycrates was killed ‘in a way which does not bear mentioning’. There may be a broader sense too in which both Herodotus and Thucydides are ‘defining their narratives against’ the work of Stesimbrotus among others.

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5

de Jong, Irene. "De ring van Polycrates (Herodotus, Historiën 3.39-43)." Lampas 52, no. 1 (March 1, 2019): 3–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.5117/lam2019.1.002.dejo.

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Summary This paper offers a narratological close reading of one of Herodotus’ most celebrated stories. Special attention is paid to the recurrent Herodotean themes and story-patterns which shape it and thus can help to interpret it. For once the advice of a warner is heeded, but the return of the ring shows that Polycrates’ fate is already sealed and cannot be averted anymore. His great good fortune has brought Polycrates the envy of the gods, a concept which must be looked at in terms of the contemporary Ionian interest in ‘balance’ (of the bodily humours, of climate, of good fortune): the gods watch over the balance of the kosmos and when mortals threaten to disturb it (because of excessive power, riches or good fortune), these mortals are brought down. Most of the times these ‘excessive’ mortals also ‘earn’ their fate by committing crimes or making grave mistakes, and the quick account of Polycrates’ earlier career showed him killing one of his brothers and abusing the unwritten law of ξεινίη. When he faithfully executes Amasis’ advice and throws away his precious ring it is already too late and, as Amasis concludes, his fate cannot be changed anymore.

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6

Gray, V. J. "Xenophon's Defence of Socrates: The Rhetorical Background to the Socratic Problem." Classical Quarterly 39, no. 1 (May 1989): 136–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0009838800040532.

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The death of Socrates gave birth to an industry of biographical literature which often took the form of a defence (apologia) or prosecution (katēgoria), sometimes purporting to be the actual defence or prosecution conducted at his trial. Plato and Xenophon wrote works in his defence. Among his critics, one Polycrates had a certain notoriety. Lysias, Theodectes and Demetrius of Phalerum, orators and rhetoricians like Polycrates, were credited with further works of apology. There were doubtless many others. The aim of this paper is to show that Xenophon wrote his Defence in the light of the rhetorical theory that required that a speaker utter words and thoughts appropriate πρεποντα to his character.

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7

Papalas, Anthony. "POLYCRATES OF SAMOS AND THE FIRST GREEK TRIREME FLEET." Mariner's Mirror 85, no. 1 (January 1999): 3–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00253359.1999.10656724.

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8

BAUCKHAM, RICHARD. "PAPIAS AND POLYCRATES ON THE ORIGIN OF THE FOURTH GOSPEL." Journal of Theological Studies 44, no. 1 (1993): 24–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jts/44.1.24.

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9

Hulme, B. J. ""NATURALIS HISTORMIAE" 37.3-4: PLINY, LIVIA, AND THE SARDONYX OF POLYCRATES." Phoenix 65, no. 3-4 (2011): 395–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/phx.2011.0031.

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10

Gao, Shushun. "The Struggle for Apostolic Authority: The Easter Controversy in the Late Second Century." Religions 15, no. 4 (April 17, 2024): 494. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rel15040494.

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The Easter controversy of the late second century unveiled a profound theological and cultural debate within early Christianity. Originating from differing practices regarding the calculation of Easter dates, the dispute pitted the churches of Asia Minor against the Roman Church. This paper primarily employs a method of documentary analysis. It analyzes the accounts provided by the fourth-century historian Eusebius of Caesarea in his work The History of the Church. It is also cross-referenced with the works of second-century Christian writers. Through this process, this paper seeks to reconstruct the situation of this Easter controversy. Furthermore, it aims to uncover the struggle for apostolic authority concealed beneath the surface of this debate over dates. Central figures like Victor I and Polycrates engaged in this struggle for Apostolic authority, responding to challenges posed by heresies. Victor I leveraged his position to convene religious conferences and issue excommunication decrees against dissenting churches, laying claim to the papal primacy. However, Polycrates invoked the apostolic succession and heritage from John the Apostle to assert the legitimacy of the churches in Asia Minor, challenging Victor I’s attempts at centralizing power within the Roman see. The controversy reflected broader debates over apostolic succession and ecclesiastical power structures. The Easter controversy serves as a case study of the Early Church’s engagement with practical theology and the integration of religious festival culture with social backgrounds, highlighting the significance of Easter as a symbol of Christian unity and collective memory. This debate highlighted theological nuances and underscored broader issues of communal identity and the power struggle within early Christian communities.

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11

Anhalt, Emily Katz. "Polycrates and His Brothers: Herodotus' Depiction of Fraternal Relationships in the "Histories"." Classical World 98, no. 2 (2005): 139. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/4352925.

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12

Blank, Thomas G. M. "Isocrates on paradoxical discourse." Rhetorica 31, no. 1 (2013): 1–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/rh.2013.31.1.1.

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It has long been stated that, in Isocrates' Helen, there seems to be an open contradiction between the author's harsh criticism of logoi paradoxoi and the simple fact that his own encomia of Helen and Busiris appear to be specimens of that very genre. Traditionally, this contradiction has been explained by Isocrates' need to distanciate his own work from that of his predecessors. This paper undertakes a different approach. Isocrates' criticism of paradoxographic literature is based upon observations about what is and what is not allowed in moral epideictic discourse. Isocrates' specific instructions about proper and improper moral argumentation can function as hermeneutical tool to analyze Helen and Busiris. Only in Helen does he observe the rules of argumentation formulated in that very discourse. In Busiris, however, Isocrates adopts the typical modes of argumentation in paradoxographic literature as represented in the works of Gorgias or Polycrates. In consequence, his arguments in Busiris prove to be unconvincing when measured by his own standards formulated in the proemium of both Helen and Busiris. Consequently, the discourse ends in an apology of these arguments which is, once again, defective. In his corresponding discourses Helen and Busiris, Isocrates implictly demonstrates the moral and technical defects inherent in paradoxical discourse. He explicitly reflects these defects in the proemia and epilogues of both speeches. Helen and Busiris should, therefore, be understood as Isocrates' manifesto for moral discourse as opposed to paradoxographic showpieces.

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13

Deramaix, Antoine. "(A.) Carty Polycrates, Tyrant of Samos: New Light on Archaic Greece (Alte Geschichte Historia Einzelschriften 236). Stuttgart: Franz Steiner Verlag, 2015. Pp. 260. €56. 9783515108980." Journal of Hellenic Studies 136 (2016): 223–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0075426916000446.

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14

Rossi, Filippo Canali De. "Aideen Carty, Polycrates, Tyrant of Samos. New Light on Archaic Greece, Stuttgart (Steiner) 2015 (Historia Einzelschriften 236), 260 S., 2 Karten, ISBN 978-3-515-10898-0 (geb.), € 56,–." Klio 101, no. 1 (June 1, 2019): 341–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/klio-2019-0014.

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15

Waters, Malcolm. "Alternative Organizational Formations: A Neoweberian Typology of Polycratic Administrative Systems." Sociological Review 41, no. 1 (February 1993): 54–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-954x.1993.tb02954.x.

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Much of the critical attention given to Weber's tripartite scheme of legitimate domination has focused on the issue of its supposed incapacity to accommodate forms of organization not based on instrumental rationality. In fact substantive rationality is a continuous point of reference in Weber's analysis and surfaces in his brief and fragmentary outlines of three polycratic organizational forms: collegiality, mass democracy, and direct democracy. This article locates polycratic organizations in relation to the three monocratic structures indicated by the typology of legitimate domination. Extant examples of polycratic organizations are compared substantively. The three forms are then typologized in terms first of characteristics of participation by personnel, and second of the processes by which decisions are made.

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16

Guastoni, Alessandro, Luciano Secco, Radek Škoda, Fabrizio Nestola, Mariangela Schiazza, Milan Novák, and Giorgio Pennacchioni. "Non-Metamict Aeschynite-(Y), Polycrase-(Y), and Samarskite-(Y) in NYF Pegmatites from Arvogno, Vigezzo Valley (Central Alps, Italy)." Minerals 9, no. 5 (May 21, 2019): 313. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/min9050313.

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At Arvogno, Vigezzo valley in the Central Alps, Italy, pegmatite dikes are unique in the scenario of a tertiary alpine pegmatite field because they show marked geochemical and mineralogical niobium–yttrium–fluorine features. These pegmatites contain AB2O6 aeschynite group minerals and ABX2O8 euxenite group minerals as typical accessory minerals including aeschynite-(Y), polycrase-(Y), and samarskite-(Y). They are associated with additional typical minerals such as fluorite, Y-dominant silicates, and xenotime-(Y). The Y–Nb–Ti–Ta AB2O6 and ABX2O8 oxides at the Arvogno pegmatites did not exhibit any textural and compositional features of oxidation or weathering. They are characterized by low self-radiation-induced structural damage, leading to the acquisition of unit-cell data for aeschynite-(Y), polycrase-(Y), and samarskite-(Y) by single-crystal X-ray diffraction. Aeschynite-(Y) and polycrase-(Y) crystals allowed for both to provide space groups whereas samarskite-(Y) was the first crystal from pegmatites for which cell-data were obtained at room temperature but did not allow for the accurate determination of the space group. According to the chemical compositions defined by Ti-dominant content at the B-site, the cell parameters, respectively, corresponded to polycrase-(Y), aeschynite-(Y), and the monoclinic cell of samarskite-(Y). Emplacement of Alpine pegmatites can be related to the progressive regional metamorphic rejuvenation from east to west in the Central Alps, considering the progressive cooling of the thermal Lepontine Barrovian metamorphic dome. Previous studies considered magmatic pulses that led to emplace the pegmatite field in the Central Alps. As an example, the pegmatites that intruded the Bergell massif were aged at 28–25 millions of years or younger, around 20–22 m.y.

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17

Yu, Junpeng, Yibu Wu, Chunhui Zhang, Haojia Si, Dongze Si, and Chengjun Zhang. "Mineral Characteristics and the Mineralization of Leptynite-Type Nb–Ta Ore Deposit in the Western Qilian Orogenic Belt." Minerals 13, no. 2 (February 2, 2023): 218. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/min13020218.

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A large Nb–Ta ore deposit was found in the Yushishan leptynite in the west Qilian Orogenic Belt (QOB). Based on a field geological survey and using a Mineral Liberation Analyser (MLA, including scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy-dispersive spectrometer (EDS)) methods, eight Nb minerals (fergusonite, polycrase, columbite, Nb-rutile, aeschynite, pyrochlore, microlite, and ilmenorutile) were found to occur in the leptynite. This accounted for approximately 69% of Nb, with fergusonite, polycrase, and columbite being the dominant phases. The other 17.90% Nb as a minor element was dispersed in titanium magnetite–maghemite, and another 13.00% Nb was dispersed in gangue minerals. Nb minerals are formed mainly by two metallogenesis stages. The first stage is magmatic genesis to form four Nb minerals, euhedral-subhedral fergusonite, polycrase, pyrochlore, and microlite, which are crystallized within or between primary minerals, such as quartz and feldspar. Late alteration phenomena are locally observed. The second stage is the hydrothermal genesis of columbite, anhedral fergusonite, Nb-rutile, and aeschynite, which are dispersed in the fissures of the wall rocks as irregular veins and lump assemblages. Meanwhile, they are closely associated with metasomatic chlorite, albite, and secondary quartz. Furthermore, direct metasomatism among different Nb minerals is also found at the local scale. The Nb percentage of these two Nb mineral mineralization types is approximately equal, which reflects two main mineralizing periods. The first stage of mineralization occurred in the Neoproterozoic Era (834–790 Ma). Magmatism of this period produced early niobium and formed fergusonite, polycrase, pyrochlore, microlite, and zircon. The initial enrichment of Nb, Ta, and other rare metals occurred during this stage. The second stage of mineralization occurred in the Caledonian period (490–455 Ma). Large-scale and intense tectonic–magmatic thermal events occurred in the western part of the QOB due to the plate subduction and convergence (510–450 Ma). Hydrothermal activity in this period formed columbite, fergusonite, Nb-rutile, and aeschynite. Moreover, rare metal elements in the Nb-bearing rocks activated and migrated at short distances, forming in situ Nb–Ta-rich ore deposits.

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18

Uher, P., M. Ondrejka, and P. Konečný. "Magmatic and post-magmatic Y-REE-Th phosphate, silicate and Nb-Ta-Y-REE oxide minerals in A-type metagranite: an example from the Turčok massif, the Western Carpathians, Slovakia." Mineralogical Magazine 73, no. 6 (December 2009): 1009–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1180/minmag.2009.073.6.1009.

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AbstractAn electron microprobe study of Y-REE-Th phosphate, silicate and Nb-Ta-Y-REE accessory-mineral assemblages revealed the compositional variations and evolution in post-orogenic, hypersolvus Permian A-type metagranite from Turčok, in the Gemeric Unit, of the Western Carpathians, eastern Slovakia. Prismatic zircon I and allanite-(Ce) are primary magmatic phases. However, the late-magmatic to early-subsolidus processes led to the formation of a more complex younger assemblage: bipyramidal zircon II, xenotime-(Y), thorite, gadolinite-hingganite-(Y), Nb-Ta-Y-REE oxide phases [fergusonite-(beta)/ samarskite-(Y), aeschynite/polycrase-(Y), and Nb-rich rutile?] and possibly monazite-(Ce). However, monazite-(Ce) and the partial alteration of allanite-(Ce), xenotime-(Y) and the Nb-Ta-Y-REE minerals are probably connected with a younger Alpine metamorphic overprint of the granite. Thorite appears as a solid solution in the thorite-xenotime-zircon series; it is also enriched in Al. Fergusonite-(beta)/ samarskite-(Y) and especially aeschynite/polycrase-(Y) show increased P, Si and Al contents.

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Aurisicchio, C., C. De Vito, V. Ferrini, and P. Orlandi. "Nb-Ta oxide minerals from miarolitic pegmatites of the Baveno pink granite, NW Italy." Mineralogical Magazine 65, no. 4 (August 2001): 509–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1180/002646101750377533.

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AbstractChemical composition and cell parameters were ascertained on new data from Ti-Nb-Ta complex oxides from the miarolitic pegmatites of the Baveno pink granite (Southern Alps, NW Italy). The crystals are tiny, single or aggregated in small sprays, prismatic or tabular, from yellow-orange to brownish in colour. Typical associated minerals include fluorite, zinnwaldite, gadolinite-group minerals and Sc-minerals. Cavity paragenesis is typical of NYF pegmatites, and shows two stages of crystallization developing in magmatic-pneumatolitic and hydrothermal conditions. X-ray data show that some oxides belong to the aeschynite mineral group; others are polycrase and fersmite. Aeschynite and polycrase are chemically heterogeneous and structurally disordered because of their metamict state. This disorder does not always seem to be related to radionuclide contents. Two main trends are indicated, considering the behaviour of Y. The high Y contents fit with very low Ca and LREE contents in the A site; the HREE contents follow the Y trend. In the B site, Ti is the dominant cation, followed by some Nb and very little Ta. Small quantities of Y fit with increasing Ca, U, Th and REE contents. In the B site, Nb cations often exceed those of Ti. The Th contents are often greater than those of U. Besides the already known aeschynite-(Y) and vigezzite, new varieties, ‘titano-vigezzite’ and ‘niobo-aeschynite-(Y)’, are identified here in the Baveno miarolitic cavities. Samples 14 (analysis a) and 2502 (analysis b) have Ca as the main occupant of the A site, followed by Y, Th and REE; in the B site, Ti prevails over Nb. These compositions cannot be considered as pure vigezzite, but as a new variety called ‘titano-vigezzite’. In the same way, analysis a of sample 3 may be considered a new variety of aeschynite-(Y), with Nb prevailing over Ti in the B site, and here called ‘niobo-aeschynite-(Y)’. Neither variety has ever been mentioned in the literature. Epitaxial growth of aeschynite on polycrase (sample 3194) allows some inferences on the crystallization sequence.

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20

Cros, L., A. Kleijne, and J. R. Young. "Coccolithophorid diversity in the genus Polycrater and possible relationships with other genera." Journal of Nannoplankton Research 22, no. 2 (2000): 92. http://dx.doi.org/10.58998/jnr2063.

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Pieczka, Adam, Frank C. Hawthorne, Chi Ma, George R. Rossman, Eligiusz Szełęg, Adam Szuszkiewicz, Krzysztof Turniak, et al. "Żabińskiite, ideally Ca(Al0.5Ta0.5)(SiO4)O, a new mineral of the titanite group from the Piława Górna pegmatite, the Góry Sowie Block, southwestern Poland." Mineralogical Magazine 81, no. 3 (June 2017): 591–610. http://dx.doi.org/10.1180/minmag.2016.080.110.

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AbstractŻabińskiite, ideally Ca(Al0.5Ta0.5)(SiO4)O, was found in a Variscan granitic pegmatite at Piława Górna, Lower Silesia, SW Poland. The mineral occurs along with (Al,Ta,Nb)- and (Al,F)-bearing titanites, a pyrochlore-supergroupmineral and a K-mica in compositionally inhomogeneous aggregates, ∼120 μm × 70 μm in size, in a fractured crystal of zircon intergrown with polycrase-(Y) and euxenite-(Y). Żabińskiite is transparent, brittle, brownish, with a white streak, vitreous lustre and a Mohs hardness of ∼5. The calculated density for the refined crystal is equal to 3.897 g cm–3, but depends strongly on composition. The mineral is non-pleochroic, biaxial (–), with mean refractive indices ≥1.89. The (Al,Ta,Nb)-richest żabińskiite crystal,(Ca0.980Na0.015)∑=0.995(Al0.340Fe3+0.029Ti0.298V0.001Zr0.001Sn0.005Ta0.251Nb0.081)∑=1.005[(Si0.988Al0.012)O4.946F0.047(OH)0.007)∑=5.000];60.7 mol.% Ca[Al0.5(Ta,Nb)0.5](SiO4)O; is close in composition to previously described synthetic material. Żabińskiite is triclinic (space group symmetry A1) and has unit-cell parameters a = 7.031(2) Å, b = 8.692(2) Å,c = 6.561(2) Å, α = 89.712(11)°, β = 113.830(13)°, γ = 90.352(12)° and V = 366.77 (11) Å3. It is isostructural with triclinic titanite and bond-topologically identical with titanite and other minerals of the titanite group.Żabińskiite crystallized along with (Al,Ta,Nb)-bearing titanites at increasing Ti and Nb, and decreasing Ta activities, almost coevally with polycrase-(Y) and euxenite-(Y) from Ca-contaminated fluxed melts or early hydrothermal fluids.

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22

Browning, Christopher R. "Hitler, Antisemitism, and the Final Solution." Antisemitism Studies 7, no. 1 (March 2023): 80–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.2979/ast.2023.a885993.

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Abstract: This article argues that antisemitism and an understanding of history as race struggle were central to Hitler’s ideological outlook and had crystalized into a relatively stable Weltanschauung by the late 1920s. However, the transformation of Hitler’s ideas into regime policies was not a simple process, and the Final Solution—while consistent with Hitler’s ideology—was not a pre-ordained outcome. The Final Solution emerged out of a complex and incremental decision-making process shaped by the failure of earlier policies of expulsion and decimation, the changing military context, and a polycratic political system centered on “working toward the Führer.”

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23

Vilkova, Т. Yu. "On the Role of the Prosecutor in Initiating a Criminal Case and Initiating Criminal Prosecution." Lex Russica, no. 7 (July 19, 2021): 85–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.17803/1729-5920.2021.176.7.085-094.

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The paper shows that the consolidation of the functions of the prosecutor’s office of the Russian Federation at the constitutional level leads to the need to return to the question of the effectiveness and sufficiency of the prosecutor’s powers to independently initiate a criminal case, initiate criminal prosecution, and bring charges. The modern models of granting various subjects the authority to initiate and carry out criminal prosecution, to bring charges in criminal procedural comparative studies are identified and analyzed. They are: 1) a system of public prosecution, or a monocratic model, in which criminal prosecution is initiated exclusively by the decision of state bodies with appropriate special competence, primarily the prosecutor’s office (prosecutor’s monopoly); 2) an ex officio prosecution system, or a polycratic model, when the subject of criminal prosecution is any of the state bodies authorized to conduct proceedings in a case, there is no monopoly of one state body or official to initiate criminal prosecution; 3) a private prosecution system, when the subject of criminal prosecution is either the victim or his legal successors; 4) a “people’s” system charges, in which any private person has the right to initiate criminal prosecution, regardless of whether he is a victim or not. The conclusion is substantiated that Russia belongs to the states in which the polycratic ex officio model is combined with private prosecution in certain categories of cases, while, unlike most other states, the prosecutor is not among the officials authorized to initiate criminal proceedings and/or criminal prosecution. It is shown that the lack of powers of the prosecutor in pre-trial proceedings hinders the achievement of the purpose of criminal proceedings. It is concluded that it is necessary to return to the prosecutor the authority to initiate a criminal case independently.

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Hosseinpour Khanmiri, M., and R. V. Bogdanov. "Nuclear Chemical Effects in the Paragenetic Mineral Association Based on Polycrase." Radiochemistry 60, no. 1 (January 2018): 79–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1134/s1066362218010137.

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Kozubek, A. "Determination of octanol/water partition coefficients for long-chain homologs of orcinol from cereal grains." Acta Biochimica Polonica 42, no. 2 (June 30, 1995): 247–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.18388/abp.1995_4617.

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Polycratic reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (RPHPLC) was used for estimation of the octanol/water partition coefficient for three highly hydrophobic long chain orcinol homologs. The homologs studied (C 15:0, C 17:0 and C 19:0) showed high preference for hydrophobic phase as evidenced by their high octanol/water partition coefficient (log Po/w) values of 7.02-7.74; 8.71-9.47 and 10.49-11.32 for the 95% prediction interval, respectively. Experimentally estimated values were compared with log P values calculated with the use of several fragmental systems. The experimental values of log Po/w are in best agreement to those calculated with the use of the Klopman system (Klopman, G., Namboodiri, K. & Schochet, M., 1985, J. Comput. Chem. 6, 28-38). The lack of appropriate standard compounds with known log Po/w in the range over 6 markedly affected the accuracy of experimental determinations.

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26

Aurisicchio, Carlo, Paolo Orlandi, Marco Pasero, and Natale Perchiazzi. "Uranopolycrase, the uranium-dominant analogue of polycrase-(Y), a new mineral from Elba Island, Italy, and its crystal structure." European Journal of Mineralogy 5, no. 6 (December 1, 1993): 1161–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1127/ejm/5/6/1161.

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27

Champeymont, Camille. "Le mouvement de collaboration russe d’Andreï Vlassov et la polycratie allemande, histoire d’une construction complexe et ambiguë (1941-1945)." Histoire, Europe et relations internationales N° 3, no. 1 (November 30, 2023): 161–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/heri.003.0161.

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Suzuki, Kazuhiro, and Takenori Kato. "CHIME dating of monazite, xenotime, zircon and polycrase: Protocol, pitfalls and chemical criterion of possibly discordant age data." Gondwana Research 14, no. 4 (December 2008): 569–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.gr.2008.01.005.

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Slack, J. F., J. N. Aleinikoff, H. E. Belkin, C. M. Fanning, and P. W. Ransom. "MINERAL CHEMISTRY AND SHRIMP U-Pb GEOCHRONOLOGY OF MESOPROTEROZOIC POLYCRASE-TITANITE VEINS IN THE SULLIVAN Pb-Zn-Ag DEPOSIT, BRITISH COLUMBIA." Canadian Mineralogist 46, no. 2 (April 1, 2008): 361–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.3749/canmin.46.2.361.

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Tomasic, N., A. Gajovic, V. Bermanec, and M. Rajic. "RECRYSTALLIZATION OF METAMICT Nb Ta Ti REE COMPLEX OXIDES: A COUPLED X-RAY-DIFFRACTION AND RAMAN SPECTROSCOPY STUDY OF AESCHYNITE-(Y) AND POLYCRASE-(Y)." Canadian Mineralogist 42, no. 6 (December 1, 2004): 1847–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.2113/gscanmin.42.6.1847.

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McCafferty, Anne E., Douglas B. Stoeser, and Bradley S. Van Gosen. "Geophysical interpretation of U, Th, and rare earth element mineralization of the Bokan Mountain peralkaline granite complex, Prince of Wales Island, southeast Alaska." Interpretation 2, no. 4 (November 1, 2014): SJ47—SJ63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/int-2014-0010.1.

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Abstract:

A prospectivity map for rare earth element (REE) mineralization at the Bokan Mountain peralkaline granite complex, Prince of Wales Island, southeastern Alaska, was calculated from high-resolution airborne gamma-ray data. The map displays areas with similar radioelement concentrations as those over the Dotson REE-vein-dike system, which is characterized by moderately high %K, eU, and eTh (%K, percent potassium; eU, equivalent parts per million uranium; and eTh, equivalent parts per million thorium). Gamma-ray concentrations of rocks that share a similar range as those over the Dotson zone are inferred to locate high concentrations of REE-bearing minerals. An approximately 1300-m-long prospective tract corresponds to shallowly exposed locations of the Dotson zone. Prospective areas of REE mineralization also occur in continuous swaths along the outer edge of the pluton, over known but undeveloped REE occurrences, and within discrete regions in the older Paleozoic country rocks. Detailed mineralogical examinations of samples from the Dotson zone provide a means to understand the possible causes of the airborne Th and U anomalies and their relation to REE minerals. Thorium is sited primarily in thorite. Uranium also occurs in thorite and in a complex suite of [Formula: see text] oxide minerals, which include fergusonite, polycrase, and aeschynite. These oxides, along with Y-silicates, are the chief heavy REE (HREE)-bearing minerals. Hence, the eU anomalies, in particular, may indicate other occurrences of similar HREE-enrichment. Uranium and Th chemistry along the Dotson zone showed elevated U and total REEs east of the Camp Creek fault, which suggested the potential for increased HREEs based on their association with U-oxide minerals. A uranium prospectivity map, based on signatures present over the Ross-Adams mine area, was characterized by extremely high radioelement values. Known uranium deposits were identified in the U-prospectivity map, but the largest tract occurs over a radioelement-rich granite phase within the pluton that is likely not related to mineralization. Neither mineralization type displays a well-defined airborne magnetic signature.

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Kaplan, Philip. "The Ring of Polycrates: friendship and alliance in the east Mediterranean." Journal of Ancient History 4, no. 2 (January 1, 2016). http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/jah-2016-0009.

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Libina, Renata Borisovna. "THE HISTORICAL SENSE OF UNRELIABLE CLASSICAL ANCIENT STORIES ABOUT EGYPT." Chronos Journal, no. 11(38) (2019). http://dx.doi.org/10.31618/2658-7556-2019-38-11-4.

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The origin is discussed of the classical ancient data about Egypt, which commonly seem unreliable. On considering two plots of this kind, about Polycrates and Busiris, the historical relevance of those stories may be suggested in spite of their obviously fantastic character. The ancient Egyptian ideology could have been the foundation for them. Irrelevant to social practice, both plots reflected the ancient Egyptian concepts of equilibrium and creating power of depictions. Thus, both texts may be seen as the evidence to specify our imagination about the ancient Egyptian picture of the world. The other fantastic classical ancient stories about Egypt can also be based on authentic concepts and be worth considering

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Parker, Victor. "Aideen Carty, Polycrates, Tyrant of Samos. New Light on Archaic Greece. (Historia – Einzelschriften, Bd. 236.) Stuttgart, Steiner 2015." Historische Zeitschrift 304, no. 3 (January 6, 2017). http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/hzhz-2017-1185.

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Koehne, Florian, and Sarah Birrell Ivory. "Polycratic governance in hybrid organisations: The re-enchantment of collegiality." International Small Business Journal: Researching Entrepreneurship, July 24, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/02662426241263322.

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Due to urgent societal challenges, organisations increasingly prioritise principles of hybrid value creation over capitalist efficiency rationales. Bureaucratic governance arrangements are widely regarded as detrimental to these organisations and their capacity to drive social change and innovation. Yet, bureaucratic governance continues to dominate the organisational landscape, while alternative approaches remain largely absent or underdeveloped. In this article, we address this puzzle and explore the re-enchantment of collegiality as a polycratic intra-organisational governance concept. Our research is based on empirical evidence from two social enterprises, of which one failed and one succeeded, with a collegiality governance approach. We find that certain elements of traditional collegiality can be particularly problematic in practice and propose a neo-collegial framework that we regard as particularly suitable for the governance of hybrid organisations.

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Boge, Florian J., and Christian Zeitnitz. "Polycratic hierarchies and networks: what simulation-modeling at the LHC can teach us about the epistemology of simulation." Synthese, May 14, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11229-020-02667-3.

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Boge, Florian J., and Christian Zeitnitz. "Correction to: Polycratic hierarchies and networks: what simulation-modeling at the LHC can teach us about the epistemology of simulation." Synthese, June 18, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11229-021-03247-9.

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DAI, Hongzhang, Denghong WANG, Shanbao LIU, Chenghui WANG, Shengchao MA, Xiaoping DING, and Haiyang ZHU. "Newly Discovered Euxenite and Polycrase in the Jiada Pegmatite Type Lithium Deposit, Ke'eryin Lithium Ore Field, and its Geological Significance." Acta Geologica Sinica - English Edition, May 31, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1755-6724.14756.

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Taalab, Sherif A., Hesham M. H. Zakaly, V. Ivanov, Albandari W. Alrowaily, Hamdy A. Awad, Neveen S. Abed, Shams A. M. Issa, Amira M. Eltohamy, and Antoaneta Ene. "Notable changes in geochemical and mineralogical characteristics of different phases of episyenitization: insights on the radioactive and shielding of the late phase." Frontiers in Earth Science 11 (October 30, 2023). http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/feart.2023.1241975.

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Kab Amiri granites are submitted to post-magmatic hydrothermal solutions through fracture and faults, causing several alteration processes. The most common processes are episyenitization, saussuritization, hematitization, sericitization, kaolinization, albitization, chloritization, silicification, and muscovitization. Kab Amiri granites are vuggy, with the vugs partially to completely refilled with new constituents. The least episyenitized granites have elevated amounts of Fe, P, Zr, Ni, U, Th, Ba, Y, Hf, Nb, and As, which are correlated with their mobilization from biotite, k-feldspar, plagioclase and metamict zircon. These elemental changes are related the partial albitization, muscovitization, desilicification and chloritizatiom, which lead to the mobilization of these elements and forming of specific mineral association in the least altered granites such as autonite, tripiolite, columbite, Zircon and galena. On the second stage, granites were subjected to intense alteration processes by mineralizing fluids, causing wholly muscovitization of biotite and feldspar, albitization of plagioclase, carbonitization and apatitization. Many elements were mobilized from these altered minerals, including Ti, Al, Mn, Mg, Ca, Na, K, Mo, Cu, Pb, Zn, Ag, Co, Sr, V, Cr, Sn, Rb, Ta, Li, Sc, W, S, In, and Tl, leading to definite mineralization as kaslite, monazite, xenotime, polycrase and apatite. The mineralizing fluids in the least and highly episyenitized granites are incorporated in some ore minerals like uranophane, fergusonite, bazzite and garnet. Notably, the presence of elements such as U, Th, and other heavy metals in Kab Amiri granites highlights the potential for these rocks in radiation shielding applications. The unique combination of elements and minerals resulting from the alteration processes can be leveraged for developing new materials or enhancing existing materials used in radiation shielding.

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Hosseinpour Khanmiri, Mohammad, Roman V. Bogdanov, Anatoly V. Titov, Edward V. Fomin, Mohammad Samadfam, and Mohammad Outokesh. "The tendency towards equalization of the 234U/238U isotopic activity ratios in fractions of U(IV) and U(VI) during thermal annealing of metamict polycrase." Applied Geochemistry, December 2023, 105881. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apgeochem.2023.105881.

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