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Journal articles on the topic 'Polydispersity index'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 3 June 2025

Last updated: 31 July 2025

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1

Štěpánek, Petr, Zdeněk Tuzar, and Čestmír Koňák. "Evaluation of polydispersity index Mw/Mn by quasielastic light scattering." Collection of Czechoslovak Chemical Communications 52, no. 5 (1987): 1235–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1135/cccc19871235.

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The response of quasielastic light scattering to the polydispersity of scattering objects has been investigated. A new method of the polydispersity index determination has been suggested, suitable for the range 1.02 ⪬ Mw/Mn ⪬ 2.0 and consisting in the measurement of the dependence of the apparent decay time on the correlator sampling time. The polydispersity index can be determined by comparing these dependences with the theoretical ones obtained using correlation curves simulated for various values of the polydispersity index, assuming lognormal and Schulz-Zimm distributions of molecular weig

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Ouyang, Xin Ping, Pan Zhang, Chun Mei Tan, Yong Hong Deng, Dong Jie Yang, and Xue Qing Qiu. "Isolation of lignosulfonate with low polydispersity index." Chinese Chemical Letters 21, no. 12 (2010): 1479–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cclet.2010.06.032.

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3

Jakeš, Jaromír. "A simple method of estimation of the polydispersity index of narrow molecular weight distributions by using quasielastic light scattering data." Collection of Czechoslovak Chemical Communications 56, no. 8 (1991): 1642–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1135/cccc19911642.

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A simple method of estimation of the polydispersity index of narrow molecular weight distributions using quasielastic light scattering data has been suggested. The method approximates the relaxation times distribution by using the Pearson V distribution and iterates its parameters by the least squares method to an experimental correlation function. For the usual unimodal molecular weight distributions the polydispersity index estimate is good (with an error up to 0.1) at a determined value up to 1.2, rough at a determined value up to 1.5, while above this value the method is virtually impracti

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4

Rogošić, M., H. J. Mencer, and Z. Gomzi. "Polydispersity index and molecular weight distributions of polymers." European Polymer Journal 32, no. 11 (1996): 1337–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0014-3057(96)00091-2.

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5

Viéville, Justine, Matthieu Tanty, and Marc-André Delsuc. "Polydispersity index of polymers revealed by DOSY NMR." Journal of Magnetic Resonance 212, no. 1 (2011): 169–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jmr.2011.06.020.

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Fayza BAGHLI, Djawad CHIKH, and Nassima MOUSSAOUI-KHEDAM. "Box–Behnken design for the development of fluconazole-loaded classical ethosomes." GSC Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences 28, no. 3 (2024): 057–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.30574/gscbps.2024.28.3.0316.

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Introduction: Ethosomes are soft and flexible vesicles mainly composed of phospholipids, ethanol and water. The presence of a high amount of ethanol ensure deeper drug penetration; however, an optimal formulation is necessary. This study aims to develop and characterize Fluconazole loaded classical ethosomes using Box-Behken design, in order to achieve to an optimal formulation having a minimal vesicle size, low polydispersity index, high zeta potential and good entrapment efficiency (% EE). Methods: Fluconazole ethosomes were prepared using cold method and tested for vesicle size, polydispers

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Fayza, BAGHLI, CHIKH Djawad, and MOUSSAOUI-KHEDAM Nassima. "Box–Behnken design for the development of fluconazole-loaded classical ethosomes." GSC Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences 28, no. 3 (2024): 057–70. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14709166.

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<strong>Introduction: </strong>Ethosomes are soft and flexible vesicles mainly composed of phospholipids, ethanol and water. The presence of a high amount of ethanol ensure deeper drug penetration; however, an optimal formulation is necessary. This study aims to develop and characterize Fluconazole loaded classical ethosomes using Box-Behken design, in order to achieve to an optimal formulation having a minimal vesicle size, low polydispersity index, high zeta potential and good entrapment efficiency (% EE). <strong>Methods: </strong>Fluconazole ethosomes were prepared using cold met

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Wadhi, Maria Nuari Putri, Ilham Kuncahyo, and Ismi Rahmawati. "Optimization of Self Nanoemulsifying Drug Delivery System of Mature Green Betel Leaf Fraction with D-Optimal Method and Antifungal Activity of Candida albicans." Formosa Journal of Multidisciplinary Research 4, no. 2 (2025): 881–98. https://doi.org/10.55927/fjmr.v4i2.79.

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The purpose of the study was to see the most active fraction in providing activity, the influence and optimal proportion of oleic acid, tween 80, and propylene glycol on characterization and the optimal formula that has increased activity. The Fractionation Process uses water, ethyl acetate, and n-hexane as solvents. Activity tests use concentration variations of 0.4%, 0.8%, 1.6%. SNEDDS formulation uses 15% -20% oleic acid, 55% -60% tween 80, and 20% -25% propylene glycol and is tested for characterization and optimization using D-optimal. The optimum formula was tested for antifungal activit

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Şimşek, Barış, Gözde Ultav, Haluk Korucu, and Ahmet Yartaşı. "Improvement of the Graphene Oxide Dispersion Properties with the Use of TOPSIS Based Taguchi Application." Periodica Polytechnica Chemical Engineering 62, no. 3 (2018): 323–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.3311/ppch.11412.

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The stability of the graphene oxide dispersions is an important issue in the preparation of medicine, printed flexible electronics, 3D printers and conductive inks. In order to improve the stability; mean and standard deviation of particle size, polydispersity index, zeta potential and conductivity of graphene oxide dispersion were selected as the main stability properties. The improvement rate between the estimate and the optimal conditions were calculated for the mean and standard deviation of particle size, polydispersity index, zeta potential and conductivity as 264.0%, 1875.0%, 583.3%, 5.

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Betala, Surendranath, M. Mohan Varma, and K. Abbulu. "Formulation and evaluation of polymeric nanoparticles of an antihypetensive drug for gastroretention." Journal of Drug Delivery and Therapeutics 8, no. 6 (2018): 82–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.22270/jddt.v8i6.2018.

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The aim of present study was to formulate and evaluate nanoparticles of carvedilol by using different hydrophilic polymers. Carvedilol was selected as a suitable drug for gastro- retentive nanoparticles due to its short half life, low bioavailability, high frequency of administration, and narrow absorption window in stomach and upper part of GIT. The nano-precipitation method was used to prepare nanoparticles so as to avoid both chlorinated solvents and surfactants to prevent their toxic effect on the body. Nanoparticles of carvedilol were prepared by using hydrophilic polymers such as HPMC K1

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Pavaloiu, Ramona Daniela, Fawzia Sha At, Corina Bubueanu, et al. "Release of Polyphenols from Liposomes Loaded with Echinacea purpurea." Revista de Chimie 69, no. 9 (2018): 2315–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.37358/rc.18.9.6525.

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The aim of this study was to develop a delivery system for polyphenols from an extract of Echinacea purpurea leaves, based on liposomes. Liposomes loaded with Echinacea purpurea were prepared and characterized in terms of entrapment efficiency, size, polydispersity index, stability and release behavior. Results showed good entrapment efficiency, small sizes, low polydispersity index and good stability over 90 days at 4oC. Also, the liposomal formulations presented reduced burst release and slow release of polyphenols compared with free extract. Therefore, liposomes offer a great potential in t

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Dzakwan, Muhammad, Eko Pramukantoro Ganet, Mauludin Rachmat, and Saleh Wikarsa. "Nanosized and Enhancement of Solubility Fisetin." Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical Research and Development 7, no. 2 (2019): 6–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.22270/ajprd.v7i2.465.

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Fisetin (3,3,4,7-tetrahydroxyflavone) is a natural antioxidant that has shown to posses anticancer, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. However, the poor solubility leads to poor bioavailability and limits its development.The aim of the research is to investigate the effect of fisetin nanosuspension using a nanoprecipitation technique and additional stabilizers polysorbat 80, SLS, PVA and Eudragit on particle size average, polydispersity index and zeta potential.The suspensions of microcrystalline FIS were prepared by a nanoprecipitation technique with different proportion of stabili

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Ningsih, Zubaidah, Sepriana Puspita Dewi Syaiful, Maria Lucia A.D. Lestari, Diah Mardiana, and Budi Kamulyan. "Comparison of Fabrication Technique and Carrier Oil to Curcumin Nanoemulsion Properties." Journal of Pure and Applied Chemistry Research 12, no. 1 (2023): 47–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.21776/ub.jpacr.2023.012.01.701.

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Turmeric (Curcuma longa L.) is included in the rhizome plant containing curcumin which has various therapeutic properties. However, curcumin has poor bioavailability. The manufacture of nanoemulsion is expected to increase curcumin bioavailability. This study aims to compare 3 methods (wet-ball milling, ultrasonication and microfluidic) and 3 carrier oils (soybean, virgin coconut, and olive oil) in the production of curcumin nanoemulsion. Wet-ball milling reduces particle size through grinding process using milling beads in liquid medium. Microfluidic decreases the particle size via collision

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14

Iannotti, Vincenzo, Giovanni Ausanio, Anna M. Ferretti, et al. "Magnetic Response of Nano/Microparticles into Elastomeric Electrospun Fibers." Journal of Functional Biomaterials 14, no. 2 (2023): 78. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jfb14020078.

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Combining magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) with high-voltage processes to produce ultra-thin magnetic nanofibers (MNFs) fosters the development of next-generation technologies. In this study, polycarbonate urethane nanofibers incorporating magnetic particles were produced via the electrospinning technique. Two distinct types of magnetic payload were used: (a) iron oxide nanoparticles (IONPs) with an average size and polydispersity index of 7.2 nm and 3.3%, respectively; (b) nickel particles (NiPs) exhibiting a bimodal size distribution with average sizes of 129 nanometers and 600 nanometers, resp

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B. Ma’arif, Y. Tamara, F. A. S. Al-Azzam, et al. "THE FORMULATION OF SELF-NANOEMULSIFYING DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEM OF ETHANOL EXTRACT OF Marsilea crenata C. Presl. LEAVES." RASAYAN Journal of Chemistry 16, no. 02 (2023): 934–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.31788/rjc.2023.1628342.

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Marsilea crenata C. Presl. contains phytoestrogens, which have structures or activity similar to estrogen and could potentially be utilized as a neuroprotector in an estrogen deficiency disease. This study aims to utilize M. crenata in the formulation of SNEDDS as a neuroprotector. The dosage form chosen aims to maintain stability and effectiveness because of its multi-compound properties. M. crenata was extracted using ethanol, then formulated into four SNEDDS formulas, and then characterization was done, which included physical quality (organoleptic and pH), particle size, polydispersity ind

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Couarraze, G., J. L. Grossiord, and F. Puisieux. "Determination of molar mass polydispersity index from dynamic rheological measurements." Rheologica Acta 25, no. 5 (1986): 494–500. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf01774399.

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17

Chabib, Lutfi, Fakhrul Hakim Ar Rodli, Bambang Hernawan Nugroho, Arman Suryani, and Ferdy Firmansyah. "Development of nanoliposome formulation of beta-carotene using high speed homogeniser method." Pharmacy Education 24, no. 2 (2024): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.46542/pe.2024.242.18.

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Background: Beta carotene has hydrophobic and unstable properties. Nanoliposomes can package various types of drugs, including hydrophilic and hydrophobic drugs, as well as biological substances such as DNA, RNA, and proteins. This allows for more efficient and targeted drug delivery, making it possible to formulate beta-carotene nanoliposomes to improve efficacy and stability. Objective: To formulate and characterise betacarotene liposomes using high speed homogeniser method and to conduct an accelerated stability test on betacarotene liposomes produced using high speed homogeniser method. Me

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18

Feng, Haike, Long Jiang, and Yi Dan. "The research of preparation of polyvinyl acetate with lower polydispersity index." Journal of Applied Polymer Science 109, no. 2 (2008): 1122–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.28192.

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19

Kharia, Ankit Anand, A. K. Singhai, and R. Verma. "Formulation and Evaluation of Polymeric Nanoparticles of an Antiviral Drug for Gastroretention." International Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Nanotechnology 4, no. 4 (2012): 1557–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.37285/ijpsn.2011.4.4.6.

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The aim of present study was to formulate and evaluate nanoparticles of acyclovir by using different hydrophilic polymers. Acyclovir was selected as a suitable drug for gastro-retentive nanoparticles due to its short half life, low bioavailability, high frequency of administration, and narrow absorption window in stomach and upper part of GIT. The nano-precipitation method was used to prepare nanoparticles so as to avoid both chlorinated solvents and surfactants to prevent their toxic effect on the body. Nanoparticles of acyclovir were prepared by using hydrophilic polymers such as bovine seru

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20

Tefas, Lucia Ruxandra, Ioan Tomuță, Marcela Achim, and Laurian Vlase. "Development and optimization of quercetin-loaded PLGA nanoparticles by experimental design." Medicine and Pharmacy Reports 88, no. 2 (2015): 214–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.15386/cjmed-418.

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Background and aims: Quercetin is a flavonoid with good antioxidant activity, and exhibits various important pharmacological effects. The aim of the present work was to study the influence of formulation factors on the physicochemical properties of quercetin-loaded polymeric nanoparticles in order to optimize the formulation.Materials and methods: The nanoparticles were prepared by the nanoprecipitation method. A 3-factor, 3-level Box-Behnken design was employed in this study considering poly(D,L-lactic-co-glycolic) acid (PLGA) concentration, polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) concentration and the stirr

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Ludek, Sylwia, Agata Wawrzyńczak, Izabela Nowak, and Agnieszka Feliczak-Guzik. "Synthesis of Lipid Nanoparticles Incorporated with Ferula assa-foetida L. Extract." Cosmetics 9, no. 6 (2022): 129. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cosmetics9060129.

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Solid Lipid Nanoparticles (SLN) have been prepared by high-pressure homogenization and optimized in order to protect ferulic acid from Ferula assa-foetida L. extract. The influence of lipid and surfactant concentration on the mean particle size (Z-Ave), polydispersity index (PDI), and zeta potential (ZP) of SLN was analyzed. In addition, other parameters for the preparation of ferulic acid-loaded nanoparticles, such as extract concentration and variable parameters for the synthesis method used (e.g., pressure), were adjusted to obtain the smallest particle size and polydispersity index, as wel

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Guarnieri, João Paulo de Oliveira, Bruno Gaia Bernardes, Carlos Fernando Macedo da Silva, et al. "Optimization process of vaccine production of outer membrane vesicle from Neisseria meningitidis associated with Zika virus." Research, Society and Development 12, no. 4 (2023): e25912441268. http://dx.doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v12i4.41268.

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Several vaccine prototypes were made using variations in concentration, volume, time and speed of agitation. From these prototypes, some characterization assays were carried out, such as the analysis of particle size and zeta potential, where it was possible to determine the size of the nanoparticles, the polydispersity index, with the most promising samples having a size of 252.1nm ± 71.2 nm. The polydispersity index was 0.572 ±0.02, the standard deviation being a little high due to the presence of free viral particles and some associated vesicles. It is noteworthy that the isolated vesicle h

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Volmajer Valh, Julija, Simona Vajnhandl, Lidija Škodič, Aleksandra Lobnik, Matejka Turel, and Bojana Vončina. "Effects of Ultrasound Irradiation on the Preparation of Ethyl Cellulose Nanocapsules Containing Spirooxazine Dye." Journal of Nanomaterials 2017 (2017): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2017/4864760.

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This article presents the influence of low frequency, high intensity ultrasonic irradiation on the characteristics (average size, polydispersity index) of ethyl cellulose nanocapsules encapsulating a photochromic dye. Photochromic nanocapsules were prepared by the emulsion-solvent evaporation method. The acoustic densities entering the system were systematically studied with respect to their abilities to modify and reduce the average sizes and polydispersity indexes of the nanocapsules. Scanning electron microscope, confocal laser microscope, and dynamic light scattering were utilised to chara

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Nampoothiri, Krishnadas Narayanan, Niladri Sekhar Satpathi, and Ashis Kumar Sen. "Surface acoustic wave-based generation and transfer of droplets onto wettable substrates." RSC Advances 12, no. 36 (2022): 23400–23410. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d2ra04089a.

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Investigation of surface acoustic wave-based generation and transfer of droplets onto wettable substrates is carried out and explained in terms of polydispersity index. Transfer of biomolecules is demonstrated to highlight the technique.

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Meena, Suresh Kumar, and Sanjeet Singh. "Synthesis and Characterization of 4-Nitropheny Maleimide and Copolymerized with Acrylonitrile and Acrylamide." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 11, no. 1 (2023): 1258–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2023.48793.

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Abstract: In this article we are prepared heat resistant polymer containing N-(4-Nitro phenyl) maleimide (PNPMI) and Acrylonitile copolymerization under the identical conditions in DMF and THF solvent. The characteristics of the copolymer were analyzed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, gelpermeation chromatography, and elemental analysis. The thermal stability and degradation mechanism of the copolymer were investigated by Thermogravemetric analysis. Free radical initiator using as an AIBN and BPO in Polymerization reaction , Percentage yield

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Ramani, Vinodkumar D., Girish K. Jani, and Girish U. Sailor. "Application of Plackett-Burman design for screening of factors affecting pitavastatin nanoparticle formulation development." Folia Medica 63, no. 5 (2021): 775–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/folmed.63.e58174.

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Introduction: Nanoparticle formulation of pitavastatin calcium is a potential alternative to solve the solubility related problem. However, the formulation of nanoparticle involves various parameters that affect product quality. Plackett-Burman design could facilitate an economical experimental plan that focuses on determining the relative significance of many. Aim: The objective of this study was to screen the variables which could significantly affect the pitavastatin nanoparticle formulation. Materials and methods: The pitavastatin nanoparticles were formulated by preparing nanosuspension u

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Pavaloiu, Ramona-Daniela, Fawzia Sha’at, Cristina Hlevca, et al. "Preliminary Evaluation of Pullulan Nanoparticles Loaded with Valsartan." Chemistry Proceedings 3, no. 1 (2020): 139. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ecsoc-24-08428.

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The objective of this paper is to develop polymeric nanoparticles loaded with a cardiovascular drug (an angiotensin II receptor blocker, valsartan). Polymeric nanoparticles were prepared via the nanoprecipitation method using pullulan acetate as biodegradable polymeric matrix and Pluronic F127 as a stabilizer. Pullulan acetate was obtained through the chemical modification of pullulan (produced through a fermentation process using the Aureobasidium pullulans strain) with dimethylformamide, pyridine and acetic anhydride. The obtained nanoparticles were characterized in terms of entrapment effic

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Gomez, Houari Cobas, Mario Ricardo Gongora-Rubio, Bianca Oliveira Agio, et al. "3D FOCALIZATION MICROFLUIDIC DEVICE BUILT WITH LTCC TECHNOLOGY FOR NANOPARTICLE GENERATION USING NANOPRECIPITATION ROUTE." Additional Conferences (Device Packaging, HiTEC, HiTEN, and CICMT) 2015, CICMT (2015): 000275–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.4071/cicmt-tha13.

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Nanoprecipitation is a nanonization technique used for nanoparticle generation. Several fields, like pharmacology and fine chemistry, make use of such technique. Typically are used a bulky batch mechanical processes rendering high polydispersity index of generated nanoparticles, poorly particle size reproducibility and energy wasting. LTCC-based microsystem technologies allow the implementation of different unitary operations for chemical process, making it an enabling technology for the miniaturization of chemical processes. In fact, recently LTCC microfluidic reactors have been used to produ

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Xing, Ji-Yuan, Zhong-Yuan Lu, Hong Liu, and Yao-Hong Xue. "The selectivity of nanoparticles for polydispersed ligand chains during the grafting-to process: a computer simulation study." Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics 20, no. 3 (2018): 2066–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c7cp07818h.

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By constructing a grafting-to reaction model of polydispersed polymer chains to bind onto nanoparticles (NPs), we elucidate the changes of grafting density, polydispersity index and chain length distribution of grafted ligand chains as a dependence of the feeding polymer chains.

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Anwar, Effionora, and Putri Amalia Handayani. "FORMULATION AND DISSOLUTION PROFILE STUDY OF TRANSFERSOME-LOADED MICROSPHERES FROM GREEN TEA LEAF EXTRACT." International Journal of Applied Pharmaceutics 10, no. 1 (2018): 211. http://dx.doi.org/10.22159/ijap.2018.v10s1.47.

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Objective: The aim of this study was to prepare transfersome-loaded microspheres which had good characteristics and physicochemical stability toincrease bioavailability of the polyphenol component of green tea leaf extract in the body.Methods: Transfersomes were prepared using a thin-layer hydration method. Green tea leaf extract transfersomes were formulated in the ratio of95:5, 90:10, and 85:15 based on their phospholipid and Span 80 content.Results: The most successful formula produced transfersomes of a spherical shape, 78.75 nm in size with a polydispersity index of 0.187, zetapotential o

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Feng, Bo Hua, and Zi Yong Zhang. "Carboxymethy Chitosan Grafted Ricinoleic Acid Group for Nanopesticide Carriers." Advanced Materials Research 236-238 (May 2011): 1783–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.236-238.1783.

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A new chitosan derivate (CMC-g-RA) was prepared by grafting ricinoleic acid anhydride (RA) on carboxymethy chitosan (CMC) molecules. The reaction factors such as molecular weight, mole ratio of anhydride to amino, temperature and solvent were examined. Nanoparticles were obtained by blending botanical insecticide capsaicin (Cap) and CMC-g-RA. Surface shape, particle size, polydispersity index, surface charge, LE and stability of Cap/CMC-g-RA nanoparticles were characterized. The results showed that lower molecular weight was of advantage to higher degree of RA substitution. CMC-g-RA and Cap fo

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Duca, Alexandra, Florin Borcan, Danina M. Muntean, Ersilia C. Alexa, and Codruta M. Soica. "Formulation and Characterization of Polyurethane Microstructures with Propolis Extract." Materiale Plastice 56, no. 2 (2019): 321–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.37358/mp.19.2.5179.

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Propolis is a natural apicultural product derived from plant resins with impressive health benefits. Its major biologically active substances are barely soluble in water, but this could be increased by proper formulations.The aim of the present study was to obtain a transmembrane delivery system based on polyurethane microstructures for eight propolis samples collected from different regions of Western Romania and to characterize them by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC); the assessed parameters were the particle size, the polydispersity index and their clustering tendency. Polyurethane

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Bhaskar, Rajveer, and Prakash Hiraman Patil. "NANOCRYSTAL SUSPENSION OF CEFIXIME TRIHYDRATE PREPARATION BY HIGH-PRESSURE HOMOGENIZATION FORMULATION DESIGN USING 23 FACTORIAL DESIGN." International Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences 9, no. 9 (2017): 64. http://dx.doi.org/10.22159/ijpps.2017v9i9.19319.

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Objective: In the present study, nanocrystal suspensions of cefixime trihydrate were prepared with the objective of providing increased solubility and stability with their nanoscopic size and thus developing the formulation of enhanced bioavailability potential.Methods: Nanocrystal suspensions were prepared by high-pressure homogenization technique using PVP K-30 as a stabilizer and evaluated for particle size, polydispersity index, zeta potential, permeation and drug release.Results: Particles of average size 143.5 nm having a polydispersity index of 0.269 were produced. Zeta potential was fo

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Humaryanto, Fathnur Sani Sani K, Yuliawati, Ave Olivia Rahman, Muhaimin, and Alfi Khatib. "FORMULATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF 50% ETHANOL EXTRACT OF ARECA NUT (Areca catechu) NANOPARTICLES USING THE IONIC GELATION METHOD." Medical Sains : Jurnal Ilmiah Kefarmasian 8, no. 3 (2023): 981–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.37874/ms.v8i3.826.

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The extract of areca nuts (Areca catechu) contains secondary metabolites, such as flavonoids, alkaloids, saponins, tannins, and steroids. These compounds possess pharmacological effects and can be developed into herbal medicine products. The objective of this study is to determine the optimal nanoparticle formulation by varying the concentrations of chitosan and sodium tripolyphosphate. The 50% ethanol extract of areca nuts was obtained through the maceration method. The extract obtained calculation the yield value. Then tested for phytochemical screening. Subsequently, the extract was formula

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Prajapati, Shivam, Mayank Bansal, Vikas H, and Rakesh Kumar Gupta. "Formulation and Evaluation of Nanosuspension Containing Carbamazepine." Journal of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Research 13, no. 3 (2024): 28–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.32553/jbpr.v13i3.1089.

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Carbamazepine (CBZ) is an antiepileptic drug with poor water solubility, which limits its bioavailability and therapeutic effectiveness. Nanosuspensions have emerged as a promising strategy to enhance the solubility and dissolution rate of poorly water-soluble drugs. This study aims to formulate and evaluate a nanosuspension of carbamazepine to improve its solubility and bioavailability. The nanosuspension was prepared using the wet milling technique, and various parameters such as particle size, polydispersity index (PDI), drug content, and in vitro dissolution were evaluated. The optimized n

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Llorens, J., E. Rudé, and R. M. Marcos. "Polydispersity index from linear viscoelastic data: unimodal and bimodal linear polymer melts." Polymer 44, no. 5 (2003): 1741–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0032-3861(03)00022-3.

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Shang, S. W. "The precise determination of polydispersity index (PI) in rheological testing of polypropylene." Advances in Polymer Technology 12, no. 4 (1993): 389–401. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/adv.1993.060120406.

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Reyes, Isabella, Maria M. Palacio, Cristhian J. Yarce, Jose Oñate-Garzón, and Constain H. Salamanca. "Relationship between the Ionization Degree and the Inter-Polymeric Aggregation of the Poly(maleic acid-alt-octadecene) Salts Regarding Time." Polymers 12, no. 5 (2020): 1036. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym12051036.

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Alternating amphiphilic copolymers are macromolecular systems with a polarity duality in their structure, since they are generally formed by alternating segments corresponding to a potential electrolyte group and an alkyl (aliphatic or aromatic) group. These systems, depending on the ionization degree, as well as the time, may form different types of intra and interpolymeric aggregates in aqueous media. Therefore, this study, which in fact is the continuation of a previously reported work, is focused on establishing how the ionization degree of the sodium and potassium salts of the poly(maleic

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Singh, Priyanka, and Shailendra K. Lariya. "FORMULATION DEVELOPMENT OF ACYCLOVIR MICROSPHERE USING NOVEL NATURAL POLYMER." Journal of Drug Delivery and Therapeutics 8, no. 5-s (2018): 271–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.22270/jddt.v8i5-s.1971.

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Acyclovir [9-(2-hydroxyethoxymethyl) guanine] is an acyclic nucleoside analogue of guanosine that is a potent and selective antiviral agent. It has a relatively short plasma half-life (3 hr). When orally administered, it is slowly and scarcely absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract. The objective of the present work was to formulate and evaluate microspheres of Acyclovir and produced sustained drug delivery. In these 14 batches of acyclovir microspheres was prepared with using natural polymer Kondagogu gum and other ingredients by solvent evaporation technique. The prepared microspheres were

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Sokolovicz, Yuri C. A., Antonio Buonerba, Carmine Capacchione, Samuel Dagorne, and Alfonso Grassi. "Perfluoroaryl Zinc Catalysts Active in Cyclohexene Oxide Homopolymerization and Alternating Copolymerization with Carbon Dioxide." Catalysts 12, no. 9 (2022): 970. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/catal12090970.

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The zinc complex Zn(C6F5)2(toluene) (1) behaves as a very active and selective catalyst in cyclohexene oxide (CHO) polymerization to produce poly(cyclohexene oxide) (PCHO) by the trans-ring-opening of CHO with remarkable TOF values at room temperature. The ring-opening copolymerization (ROCOP) of CO2 with CHO catalysed by 1 yields poly(cyclohexene carbonate) (PCHC) when using benzyl alcohol (BnOH) as an initiator at 120°C. The 1H NMR monitoring of the in situ reaction of 1 with BnOH highlighted the formation of the dinuclear species [(C6F5)2Zn2(BnO)2 (2) that was isolated and found an active c

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Riki, Riki, Popi Asri Kurniatin, Laksmi Ambarsari, Waras Nurcholis, and Latifah K. Darusman. "Characterization and Toxicity of Temulawak Curcuminoid Nanoparticles." Current Biochemistry 3, no. 1 (2017): 43–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.29244/cb.3.1.43-53.

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Temulawak exctract contains curcuminoids which have anticancer potential. However, clinical application of curcuminoid has been limited due to its low bioavailability. One of the efforts that can be developed to solve this problem is incorporated curcuminoids into Solid Lipid Nanoparticles (SLN) carriers system. The objective of this study was to characterize dan evaluate anticancer potential of temulawak ethanolic fraction nanoparticles. HPLC method was used to determined curcuminoids content of temulawak ethanolic fraction. Characterization indicators like polydispersity index, particle size

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S, Amareshwar, and Abbaraju Krishna Sailaja. "Development and Evaluation of Voriconazole Loaded Transfersomal Gel for Enhanced Antifungal Activity." INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF DRUG DELIVERY TECHNOLOGY 14, no. 03 (2024): 1487–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.25258/ijddt.14.3.32.

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The BCS class II antifungal drug voriconazole (VRC) has a broad spectrum of action. Its solubility is still a major problem for formulation scientists despite numerous attempts to improve it. The thin-film hydration technique produced the voriconazoleloaded Transfersomes, optimized using the Central Composite Design (CCD) and then included as a gel into Poloxamer 407P. Several parameters were assessed for the prepared VRCT, including particle size, zeta potential, surface shape, potential chemical interaction, and polydispersity index (PI). The SEM study also revealed the appearance and surfac

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Ekasari, Munifilia, Devi Nurhasana, Andre Mudyanto, Avidlyandi Avidlyandi, Charles Banon, and Morina Adfa. "AKTIVITAS ANTIJAMUR PELAPUK KAYU NANOPARTIKEL KITOSAN-EKSTRAK N-HEKSAN DAGING BUAH KAYU GADIS (Cinnamomum parthenoxylon)." Jurnal Biosilampari : Jurnal Biologi 5, no. 2 (2023): 214–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.31540/biosilampari.v5i2.2401.

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This study aims to synthesize chitosan nanoparticles - n-hexane extract of Cinnamomum parthenoxylon (CP) fruit using the ionic gelation method, to characterize them, and to determine their antifungal activity against the wood-rotting fungi Trametes versicolor and Fomitopsis palustris. Chitosan-CP extract nanoparticles were formulated with chitosan:Na-TPP:CP extract ratio of 1:1:0.5. Particle size and polydispersity index were determined using a particle size analyzer (PSA), and particles morphology was observed using a scanning electron microscope (SEM), and antifungal activity was measured us

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Siti Noraini Bunawan, Noor Azlina Masdor, Nur Adeela Yasid, Mohd Izuan Effendi Halmi, and Mohd Yunus Abd Shukor. "Effect of Different Hydrophilic-lipophilic Balance (HLB) on Droplet Size, Polydispersity Index and Stability of Lemon Myrtle Nanoemulsion." International Journal of Nanoelectronics and Materials (IJNeaM) 16, DECEMBER (2023): 431–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.58915/ijneam.v16idecember.423.

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Using mixed non-ionic surfactants Tween/Span, we determined the required hydrophilic-lipophilic balance (HLB) value on the oil in water nanoemulsion of lemon myrtle essential oil. In this study, Span 80 mixed with Tween 80, and Span 20 mixed with Tween 20 were used as mixed non-ionic surfactant. The droplet size, polydispersity index and stability of the lemon myrtle nanoemulsion at different HLB values were obtained over a period of 28 days. Both mixed surfactants have similar required HLB value at HLB 14 due to their smallest droplet size and lowest polydispersity index during the early nano

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Sharma, Devkant, Anjali Sharma, Niladry Ghosh, Ranjit Singh, Prabhjot Singh, and Dinesh K. Mishra. "Application of Box-Behnken Design in Optimization of Clobetasol-loaded Nanostructured Lipid Carrier for Topical Use." INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF DRUG DELIVERY TECHNOLOGY 13, no. 04 (2023): 1186–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.25258/ijddt.13.4.11.

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The objective of this study was to optimize nanostructured lipid carriers (NLC) for clobetasol propionate using Box-Behnken design (BBD). The formulation was developed by incorporating oleic acid, compritol ATO-888, and tween 80, using the hot homogenization method. The BBD, which employed a 3-level, 3-factor design, investigated the impact of lipid ratio, surfactant concentration, and sonication time on particle size, polydispersity index, and entrapment efficiency (EE). By analyzing the models through ANOVA and diagnostic plots, the optimized formulation composition was selected using the de

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Kesavan, Bhaskar Reddy, Audi Narayana Nelavala, and Soujanya G S. "Screening of important factors using factorial design to predict simvastatin loaded solid lipid nanoparticles." Future Journal of Pharmaceuticals and Health Sciences 4, no. 1 (2024): 97–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.26452/fjphs.v4i1.581.

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This study aims to optimize Simvastatin-loaded Solid Lipid Nanoparticles (SLNs) using a 2^k factorial design approach. Simvastatin, a widely used cholesterol-lowering drug, faces bioavailability challenges, prompting the use of nanotechnology for drug delivery. The study focuses on lipid concentration, surfactant concentration, and homogenization speed as critical factors influencing SLN characteristics. These factors were chosen based on their potential impact on SLN physicochemical properties like particle size, polydispersity index, and drug entrapment efficiency. Through systematic variati

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Wulandari, S.Pi., M.Si, Wulandari, Pipih Suptijah, Kustiariyah Tarman, et al. "Karakteristik Nano Kolagen dari Kulit Ikan Gabus (Channa striata)." Jurnal FishtecH 13, no. 1 (2025): 43–49. https://doi.org/10.36706/fishtech.v13i1.23650.

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Particle size is an important factor in determining the effectiveness of collagen use in biomedical and cosmetic fields. This study aims to determine the characteristics of nanocollagen from snakehead fish skin (Channa striata). This study consists of two stages, namely the manufacture of nanocollagen and characterization of nanocollagen. This study consists of two stages, namely the manufacture of collagen and measurement of the size of collagen nanoparticles. The data obtained are then displayed in the form of images and tables and then described. Based on the results of the study, nanocolla

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K, Bhaskar Reddy. "Screening of important factors using factorial design to predict simvastatin loaded solid lipid nanoparticles." Screening of important factors using factorial design to predict simvastatin loaded solid lipid nanoparticles 4, no. 1 (2024): 97–101. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14649682.

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This study aims to optimize Simvastatin-loaded Solid Lipid Nanoparticles (SLNs) using a 2^k factorial design approach. Simvastatin, a widely used cholesterol-lowering drug, faces bioavailability challenges, prompting the use of nanotechnology for drug delivery. The study focuses on lipid concentration, surfactant concentration, and homogenization speed as critical factors influencing SLN characteristics. These factors were chosen based on their potential impact on SLN physicochemical properties like particle size, polydispersity index, and drug entrapment efficiency. Through systematic variati

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Prihantini, Malinda, Elya Zulfa, Listyana Dewi Prastiwi, and Ikha Dyah Yulianti. "PENGARUH WAKTU ULTRASONIKASI TERHADAP KARAKTERISTIK FISIKA NANOPARTIKEL KITOSAN EKSTRAK ETANOL DAUN SUJI (Pleomele angustifolia) DAN UJI STABILITAS FISIKA MENGGUNAKAN METODE CYCLING TEST." JIFFK : Jurnal Ilmu Farmasi dan Farmasi Klinik 16, no. 02 (2019): 40. http://dx.doi.org/10.31942/jiffk.v16i02.3139.

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ABSTRACT  The nanoparticle system encapsulates and protects flavonoids of suji leaves from photolysis and oxidation instability. Chitosan is a biocompatible, biodegradable and non-toxic nanoparticles forming polymer. Ultrasonication is a materials mixing technique under high vibration energy. The ultrasonication time affects the particle size. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of the ultrasonication time on physical characteristics of chitosan nanoparticles of suji (Pleomele angustifolia) leaf ethanol extract and its physical stability

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Prihantini, Malinda, Elya Zulfa, Listyana Dewi Prastiwi, and Ikha Dyah Yulianti. "PENGARUH WAKTU ULTRASONIKASI TERHADAP KARAKTERISTIK FISIKA NANOPARTIKEL KITOSAN EKSTRAK ETANOL DAUN SUJI (Pleomele angustifolia) DAN UJI STABILITAS FISIKA MENGGUNAKAN METODE CYCLING TEST." Jurnal Ilmu Farmasi dan Farmasi Klinik 16, no. 02 (2020): 125. http://dx.doi.org/10.31942/jiffk.v16i02.3237.

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ABSTRACT The nanoparticle system encapsulates and protects flavonoids of suji leaves from photolysis and oxidation instability. Chitosan is a biocompatible, biodegradable and non-toxic nanoparticles forming polymer. Ultrasonication is a materials mixing technique under high vibration energy. The ultrasonication time affects the particle size. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of the ultrasonication time on physical characteristics of chitosan nanoparticles of suji (Pleomele angustifolia) leaf ethanol extract and its physical stability after c

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