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Journal articles on the topic 'Polyester Composite'
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1
Nifant’ev, Ilya, Alexander Tavtorkin, Pavel Komarov, et al. "Dispersant and Protective Roles of Amphiphilic Poly(ethylene phosphate) Block Copolymers in Polyester/Bone Mineral Composites." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 24, no. 13 (2023): 11175. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms241311175.
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Composites of synthetic bone mineral substitutes (BMS) and biodegradable polyesters are of particular interest for bone surgery and orthopedics. Manufacturing of composite scaffolds commonly uses mixing of the BMS with polymer melts. Melt processing requires a high homogeneity of the mixing, and is complicated by BMS-promoted thermal degradation of polymers. In our work, poly(L-lactide) (PLLA) and poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL) composites reinforced by commercial β-tricalcium phosphate (βTCP) or synthesized carbonated hydroxyapatite with hexagonal and plate-like crystallite shapes (hCAp and pCAp, respectively) were fabricated using injection molding. pCAp-based composites showed advanced mechanical and thermal characteristics, and the best set of mechanical characteristics was observed for the PLLA-based composite containing 25 wt% of pCAp. To achieve compatibility of polyesters and pCAp, reactive block copolymers of PLLA or PCL with poly(tert-butyl ethylene phosphate) (C1 and C2, respectively) were introduced to the composite. The formation of a polyester-b-poly(ethylene phosphoric acid) (PEPA) compatibilizer during composite preparation, followed by chemical binding of PEPA with pCAp, have been proved experimentally. The presence of 5 wt% of the compatibilizer provided deeper homogenization of the composite, resulting in a marked increase in strength and moduli as well as a more pronounced nucleation effect during isothermal crystallization. The use of C1 increased the thermal stability of the PLLA-based composite, containing 25 wt% of pCAp. In view of positive impacts of polyester-b-PEPA on composite homogeneity, mechanical characteristics, and thermal stability, polyester-b-PEPA will find application in the further development of composite materials for bone surgery and orthopedics.
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Noor Najmi, Bonnia, Sahrim Haji Ahmad, Surip Siti Norasmah, S. S. Nurul, Noor Azlina Hassan, and Hazleen Anuar. "Mechanical Properties and Environmental Stress Cracking Resistance of Rubber Toughened Polyester/Clay Composite." Advanced Materials Research 576 (October 2012): 318–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.576.318.
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Crosslinked polyester clay nanocomposites were prepared by dispersing originically modified montmorillonite in prepromoted polyester resin and subsequently crosslinked using methyl ethyl ketone peroxide catalyst at different clay concentration. Cure process and the mechanical properties of rubber toughened polyester clay composite have been studied. Rubber toughened thermoset polyester composite were prepared by adding 3 per hundred rubber (phr) of liquid natural rubber (LNR) was used in the mixing of producing this composite. Modification of polyester matrix was done due to the brittle problem of polyester composite. Addition of LNR will increase the toughness of composite and produce ductile polyester. Two types of composites were produced which is clay-lnr polyester composite and clay polyester composite. Addition of liquid natural rubber significantly increased the impact strength and flexural properties. Result shows that addition of 6% of clay-lnr composite give good properties on impact, strength and flexural. From the ESCR test, both composites showed good resistance to environmental.
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Karataş, Mukaddes, and Ercan Aydoğmuş. "Use of Inorganic Wastes as Fillers in Production of Polyester Composites and Evaluation of Properties of Obtained Composite." International Journal of Advanced Natural Sciences and Engineering Researches 7, no. 4 (2023): 20–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.59287/ijanser.538.
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The use of industrial factory wastes as a filler in polymer composite materials is becoming more and more common. In this way, these wastes that cause environmental pollution are eliminated and new composite materials are developed. Polymer composites with low cost and high thermal stability are preferred in many sectors. In this research, some physical and chemical properties of inorganic waste reinforced polyester composites have been evaluated. The use of industrial inorganic wastes as fillers in polyester composites develops some thermophysical properties of composites. In particular, such industrial wastes are dried before being used in the composite, the particle size is reduced, and it is ensured to have a homogeneous structure. This type of waste, which is used as filler, is used in the polyester composite in optimum proportions. The use of high inorganic fillers in polyester both weakens the mechanical strength of the composites and negatively affects the matrix structure. Besides, inorganic waste reinforcement raises the surface hardness of polyester composites. Such fillers are improved both the thermal stability and non-flammability of the polyester composite. High-density inorganic fillers are used to obtain a high-density and economical polyester composite. Low-density inorganic industrial wastes also reduce the density of composites. However, the reinforcement of inorganic fillers into polyester at a high rate adversely affects both the surface morphology and the workability of the produced composites.
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Bello, T. K., M. O. Oladipo, A. Idris, F. B. Beka, U. P. Unachukwu, and A. Bukar. "Production of Reinforced Polyester Composite from Okra Fibre and Sawdust." Nigerian Journal of Technological Development 18, no. 4 (2022): 288–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/njtd.v18i4.4.
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This research presents properties of okra and sawdust reinforced polyester composite. The compatibility of the simple woven okra and sawdust with polyester was enhanced with stearic acid treatment. FTIR analysis confirmed decrease in hydrophilicity of the fibre and dust. Six composite samples; pure polyester, sawdust reinforced polyester composite, okra reinforced polyester composite, 10% sawdust in okra fibre reinforced composite, 20% sawdust in okra fibre reinforced composite and 30% sawdust in okra fibre reinforced composites were fabricated and characterized. The morphological analysis showed that the homogeneity of polyester in the samples reduces with increase in sawdust filler (10-30 wt%). Water absorption was highest (1.6%) in 30% sawdust in okra. The densities of all the composites were between 3.5 – 4.5 kg/m3. The sawdust reinforced composite recorded low impact energy of 0.25 J while the woven okra fibre reinforced polyester recorded the highest impact energy of 9.9 J. Hardness property reduced as the biomass content increased. Unreinforced polyester recorded the highest average elongation of 25% (1400 µm) and reduced elongation as filler increased. The storage modulus was highest for unreinforced composite at 40oC but as the temperature reached 81oC the storage modulus of unreinforced polyester dropped lower than the sawdust composite. The damping factor (1.41) was highest for 20 wt% sawdust/okra polyester composite. This research concludes that sawdust and okra are suitable for lightweight and energy damping materials in automobile applications.
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Karataş, Mukaddes, and Ercan Aydoğmuş. "Physical and Chemical Properties of Organic Waste Reinforced Polyester Composites." International Journal of Advanced Natural Sciences and Engineering Researches 7, no. 4 (2023): 16–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.59287/ijanser.536.
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Organic wastes constitute an important part of environmental pollution. Disposal of these wastes can be achieved either by using recycling methods or as reinforcement material. In this study, research has been carried out on the use of organic wastes in composite materials. For example, the effects of organic fillers on the physical and chemical properties of polyester composites have been investigated. Organic wastes (biomass) are prepared as fillers after drying and grinding. Especially, biomass samples with a fibrous structure improve the mechanical properties of composites. The use of such organic wastes in polyester composites is preferred for obtaining both economical and low-density materials. However, such fillers should be used in optimum proportions in the composite. Because the use of these wastes at a high rate negatively affects both the surface morphology and the pore structure of polyester composites. Besides, the evaluation of these wastes in the production of polyester composites reduces the carbon footprint. Such fillers interact physically in the polyester composite. If no chemical modification is made, it does not react with polyester components and does not make a chemical bond. According to the evaluated results, it reduces the density and hardness of the polyester composite. Also, it decreases the thermal conductivity coefficient and thermal stability, albeit slightly.
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Ojha, Somanath, Himanshu Bisaria, Smita Mohanty, and Krishnan Kanny. "Static and dynamic mechanical analysis of e-glass polyester composite used in mass transit system." Emerging Materials Research 12, no. 1 (2023): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1680/jemmr.22.00092.
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Composite materials have distinct properties such as a high strength-to-weight ratio, high corrosion resistance, a high modulus-to-weight ratio, and wear resistance. The potential, strong mechanical properties and lower cost properties of E-glass fibre motivated us for this work. Tensile, flexural, and Izod impact tests were used in the current study to conduct a static analysis of E-glass reinforced isophthalic polyester composite and E-glass reinforced general purpose (GP) or orthophthalic polyester composite. Thermal-mechanical behaviour was investigated using thermogravimetric analysis and dynamic mechanical analysis tests. Furthermore, the surface morphology of the tested composites was examined using a scanning electron microscope. When compared to E-glass reinforced GP polyester composite, E-glass/isophthalic polyester composite demonstrated superior flexural properties and thermal stability. However, the tensile and impact properties of E-glass/GP polyester composite were found to be higher than those of E-glass/isophthalic polyester composite. SEM images show fibre pull-out, matrix cracking, and fibre breakage, among other things. The loss modulus and damping values for E-glass reinforced GP polyester composite were found to be greater than those for E-glass reinforced isophthalic polyester composite. The current composite can be used in marine applications, particularly the hull: frame or body of the boat.
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Tioua, Tahar, Djamel Djeghader, and Bachir Redjel. "The Mechanical properties and statistical analysis of the Charpy impact test using the Weibull distribution in jute-polyester and glass-polyester composites." Frattura ed Integrità Strutturale 16, no. 62 (2022): 326–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.3221/igf-esis62.23.
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In recent years, the use of natural fiber composites to provide a possible replacement for synthetic fiber composites for practical applications has been the subject of several studies. This study deals with the fabrication and investigation of jute-polyester composites and the comparison of it with glass-polyester composites. The static mechanical properties of the composites is obtained by testing the composite lamina for tensile and flexural strength. The dynamic mechanical properties of the composites is determined by using the Charpy impact test. By the Williams method based on the principle of linear elastic fracture mechanics, the impact toughness of the composites is deduced. The experimental results were statistically analyzed by using the Weibull theory to better understand the impact behavior of the composites. It is found that the glass-polyester composite has better properties than the jute-polyester composite.
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Sakthivel, S., S. Senthil Kumar, N. Mekala, and G. Dhanapriya. "Development of Sound Absorbing Recycled Nonwoven Composite Materials." IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 1059, no. 1 (2021): 012023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/1059/1/012023.
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Abstract The Sound absorbent textile materials, especially nonwoven composite structure of reclaimed materials which have low manufacturing costs, low relative density and are more attractive. In this research the use of reclaimed cotton and polyester fiber for production of sound absorption nonwoven composite materials has been investigated. Three different blend ratios of reclaimed cotton and polyester fibers that is 25:75, 40:60 and 50:50 have been used. The reclaimed cotton and polyester nonwoven composites are specified for their physical properties, such as thickness, areal density, bulk density, porosity and sound absorption characteristics in the frequency range of 250HZ-2KHZ. The values of the sound absorption coefficient and noise reduction coefficient acquired signifies that the reclaimed polyester fiber nonwoven composite holds excellent sound absorption behavior in the entire frequency range. Before compressed reclaimed cotton/polyester nonwoven composite of 25:75 blend ratios with greater bulk density and lower porosity is seen to give excellent performance while using the provided air gap behind the reclaimed cotton/polyester nonwoven composites.
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Kyzioł, Lesław, Katarzyna Panasiuk, Michał Barcikowski, and Grzegorz Hajdukiewicz. "The influence of manufacturing technology on the properties of layered composites with polyester–glass recyclate additive." Progress in Rubber, Plastics and Recycling Technology 36, no. 1 (2019): 18–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1477760619895003.
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The article describes the technologies of recycling polyester–glass waste and the influence of manufacturing technology on the properties of layered composites with polyester–glass recyclate additive. Milled polyester–glass waste was used as the recyclate. Polyester–glass composites with a specific content of recyclate were manufactured by means of manual laminating and vacuum bagging. The influence of the recyclate content and manufacturing method on the mechanical properties of composites was determined with the aid of specimens exposed to static tensile testing. Test results indicated that the composite without recyclate additive manufactured by means of vacuum bagging exhibits higher strength properties than the same composite manufactured by means of manual laminating. Additionally, its plasticity is much higher than that of the composite manufactured by means of manual laminating. The tests indicated that the tensile properties of the composite are, essentially, influenced by the content of recyclate (apart from the manufacturing method). Adding recyclate to the manufactured composite in the amount of 10% and 20% causes a significant decrease in its tensile properties in relation to the composite without the recyclate.
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BHASKAR, K. B., V. SANTHANAM, and A. DEVARAJU. "DIELECTRIC STRENGTH ANALYSIS OF ACACIA NILOTICA WITH CHEMICALLY TREATED SISAL FIBER REINFORCED POLYESTER COMPOSITE." Digest Journal of Nanomaterials and Biostructures 15, no. 1 (2020): 107–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.15251/djnb.2020.151.107.
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This work focuses on utilizing the chemically treated and untreated sisal fiber along with Acacia Nilotica as a secondary reinforcement in the polyester matrix. Composite specimens were prepared by using different volume percentage of the reinforcements. Dielectric properties of untreated and NaOH, KMnO4, C18H36O2 and C4H6O5 treated sisal fiber reinforced polyester composites were studied initially. Test results have shown that the composite material incorporated with 20% v/v treated sisal fiber has higher dielectric strength. Further investigations were carried out on the effect of the Acacia Nilotica natural filler in the Dielectric and water absorption properties of the sisal fiber/ polyester composite. The Composites were fabricated by incorporating the Acacia Nilotica filler in 5, 10, 15 and 20 volume percentages with the NaOH treated sisal fiber reinforced polyester composite. It is found that the addition of natural filler and surface treatment enhanced the dielectric properties of the composites.
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Revati, R., S. Yahud, and M. S. Abdul Majid. "Electrical Properties Investigation of Unsaturated Polyester Resin with Carbon Black as Fillers." Applied Mechanics and Materials 554 (June 2014): 145–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.554.145.
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In this paper, conducting polymer composites were prepared by adding different percentage of carbon black (2, 4, 6 and 8)% to unsaturated polyester resin. Hence, this project focuses on two types of carbon black which is commercially available that is activated carbon black and carbon black produced internally from water hyacinth. Their effect on the electrical properties of the polyester compositewas analyzed. The A.C. electrical conductivity of the polyester composite was studied using Precision LCR meter. The A.C. electrical conductivity of polyester-carbon black composite has been investigated at a frequency ranging from 50 Hz to 1 MHz. The result showed that the electrical conductivity ofthe composite was changing with different concentration of carbon black. It has been observed that the electrical conductivity of the composite is frequency dependent and increases with increasing percentage of carbon black fillers in the polyester composite.
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Mir Md, Shibly Shadik, Ming Yeng Chan, and Seong Chun Koay. "Mechanical properties of polyester/corn husk fibre composite produced using vacuum infusion technique." Polymers and Polymer Composites 29, no. 9_suppl (2021): S1532—S1540. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/09673911211056782.
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Issues pertaining to deforestation, environmental pollution and natural wastes are increasing day by day. These issues can be resolved by introducing a new composite material, in which natural waste is used as fibre and as a replacement of wood plastic composite. The different lengths (3, 6 and 9 cm) of corn husk fibre filled polyester composites were produced using the vacuum infusion method. Several mechanical properties of these polyester composites, such as tensile and flexural properties, were evaluated. The results revealed that both the tensile and flexural properties of polyester composites increased with increment of corn husk fibre length from 3 to 6 cm. However, the results decreased for 9 cm of fibre length filled composites. Similar trends were recorded after alkali treatment of the corn husk fibre filled polyester composites. The alkali treatment with sodium hydroxide had improved the tensile strength (33%), Young’s modulus (23%), elongation (14%), flexural strength (42%) and flexural modulus (8.5%) of the polyester/corn husk fibre composites with 6 cm of fibre length by enhancing the mechanical interlocking bonding between treated corn husk fibres and polyester.
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Mohamad Nurul Azman, Mohammad Taib, Abu Kassim Masitah, Ariff Jamaludin Mohd, and Ismail Tayibbah. "Studies on Tensile and Water Absorption Properties on Kenaf (Hibiscus Cannabinus) Fibre Mat/Polyester Composite Using Chemical Treatment." Applied Mechanics and Materials 421 (September 2013): 290–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.421.290.
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This research investigated the tensile and water absorption properties of kenaf fibre mat/polyester composites. Treatment using acetylation method has been introduced to improve the properties of product manufactured. The effects of acetylation treatment with three variations of time that were 1, 4 and 24 hours on the kenaf fibre mats were investigated. The MOE of the tensile of treated fibre mat/polyester composite for 1 hour was the highest with value 4589.61 MPa. The tensile strength of treated fibre mat/polyester composite for 4 hours was the highest with value 0.6213 MPa. For water absorption test, the results showed that fibre mat/polyester composite with treatment duration for 1 hour had the lowest water absorption that was 1.23% compared with treatment duration for 4 hours and 24 hours. For overall it can be concluded that the treatment duration of 1 hour was recommended for acetylation method when compared with 4 hours and 24 hours duration treatments. Using acetylation treatment on the kenaf fibre mat/polyester composites was showed improvement on composite and was recommended in short duration of treatment.
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O RUAN, FANGTAO, CHENGLONG XIA, LI YANG, ZHENZHEN XU, and FEIYAN TAO. "Effect of filaments diameter on the mechanical properties of wrap hybrid CFRP." Industria Textila 72, no. 02 (2021): 144–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.35530/it.072.02.1733.
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In this paper, the vine-like structure of carbon bundles was designed through polyester fibre wrapping for better mechanical properties. The effect of wrapped hybrid structure and diameters of polyester fibre on the mechanical properties of carbon-polyester fibre/epoxy unidirectional composites was investigated experimentally. Five kinds of specimens with different polyester filament diameters were produced. The impact, tensile and unidirectional compressive properties of WHC (Wrap Hybrid Composite) were measured. Experimental results show that: it can be developed with strength and toughness properties far superior to those of their constituents, the compressive fracture morphology of specimens indicated that the fracture patterns of composites depend on wrapped hybrid structure, polyester fibres with higher tensile strengths provide better impact resistance, while thinner wrapping fibres enhance the compression properties of the composite material more effectively. The diameter of the wrapping fibre should be optimized as per the application of the composite material. The vine-like structure can provide a new design method for the structural design of continue fibre reinforced composite materials.
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Mollah, M. Z. I., M. R. Islam, S. H. Mahmud, and M. R. I. Faruque. "Jute/Polyester Composite Development: Radiation Effects Determination." International Journal of Research and Scientific Innovation XI, no. VIII (2024): 1334–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.51244/ijrsi.2024.1108103.
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Jute fabrics served as reinforcements in the field of natural fiber-based composites. A 4-layer jute-polyester matrix composites are developed using a stacking sequence. The mechanical performance of the jute/polyester composites was evaluated as an improvement using γ-irradiation dosages of 2.5, 5 kGy, 7.5, and 10.0 kGy. After irradiation, the tensile properties of jute/polyester composites increased significantly, TS 15.77 %, BS 30.93 %, and IS 15 %. The Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) analysis showed good fiber-matrix adhesion, while Energy Dispersive Spectrum (EDS) exhibited carbon and oxygen. To sum up, 7.5 kGy is an effective dose for enhancing the properties of jute/polyester resin which will open a new research avenue for natural fiber-matrix composite development.
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Okafor, Ekene G., Mohammed T. Abba, Mohammed H. Mohammad, Osichinaka C. Ubadike, Paul O. Jemitola, and Gowon Sule. "THERMO-MECHANICAL INVESTIGATION OF HYBRID PARTICULATE BANANA/SISAL FIBER REINFORCED POLYESTER MATRIX COMPOSITE." Journal of Southwest Jiaotong University 56, no. 4 (2021): 783–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.35741/issn.0258-2724.56.4.67.
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An increasing desire is to produce eco-friendly materials for varied engineering applications, such as natural fiber-reinforced composites (NFRCs). Although many research works on natural fiber polymer matrix composite exist, not much is known on the thermo-mechanical properties of acetic acid-treated particulate banana-sisal fiber reinforced polyester composite. Additionally, establishing the fiber constituent with a detrimental effect on thermal and mechanical properties for acetic acid-treated particulate banana-sisal reinforced polyester matrix composite is not well known. This work aims to examine the effect of banana-sisal particulate fiber on the thermal and mechanical properties of banana-sisal reinforced polyester matrix composites to address the gap. The composites were produced via the mechanical stir mix technique. Thermal, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIS), compressive, flexural, and impact analysis were conducted according to appropriate test standards. The results revealed that the thermal properties of the developed composites were not dependent on hybridization. Also, hybridization significantly enhanced the compressive and flexural properties, with 70B/30S and 50B/50S particulate fiber reinforced polyester matrix composite found to have the most superior compressive and flexural properties. A major contribution of this study is that the impact properties of the developed composites were dependent on the fiber composition and decreased as the sisal content percentage increased. In general, reinforced polyester matrix composite with 70B/30S particulate fiber has a preferable combination of thermal and mechanical properties.
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Okafor, Ekene G., Mohammed T. Abba, Mohammed H. Mohammad, Osichinaka C. Ubadike, Paul O. Jemitola, and Gowon Sule. "THERMO-MECHANICAL INVESTIGATION OF HYBRID PARTICULATE BANANA/SISAL FIBER REINFORCED POLYESTER MATRIX COMPOSITE." Journal of Southwest Jiaotong University 56, no. 4 (2021): 783–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.35741/issn.0258-2724.56.4.67.
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An increasing desire is to produce eco-friendly materials for varied engineering applications, such as natural fiber-reinforced composites (NFRCs). Although many research works on natural fiber polymer matrix composite exist, not much is known on the thermo-mechanical properties of acetic acid-treated particulate banana-sisal fiber reinforced polyester composite. Additionally, establishing the fiber constituent with a detrimental effect on thermal and mechanical properties for acetic acid-treated particulate banana-sisal reinforced polyester matrix composite is not well known. This work aims to examine the effect of banana-sisal particulate fiber on the thermal and mechanical properties of banana-sisal reinforced polyester matrix composites to address the gap. The composites were produced via the mechanical stir mix technique. Thermal, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIS), compressive, flexural, and impact analysis were conducted according to appropriate test standards. The results revealed that the thermal properties of the developed composites were not dependent on hybridization. Also, hybridization significantly enhanced the compressive and flexural properties, with 70B/30S and 50B/50S particulate fiber reinforced polyester matrix composite found to have the most superior compressive and flexural properties. A major contribution of this study is that the impact properties of the developed composites were dependent on the fiber composition and decreased as the sisal content percentage increased. In general, reinforced polyester matrix composite with 70B/30S particulate fiber has a preferable combination of thermal and mechanical properties.
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Mahendrakumar, N., PR Thyla, PV Mohanram, C. Raja Kumaran, and J. Jayachandresh. "Study on static and dynamic characteristics of nettle–polyester composite micro lathe bed." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part L: Journal of Materials: Design and Applications 233, no. 2 (2016): 141–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1464420716663568.
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Nowadays, natural fibre-reinforced composites find applications in almost all engineering fields. This work is an attempt to realise improvement in dynamic characteristics of micro lathe bed using Himalayan nettle (Girardinia heterophylla) polyester (NP) composite as an alternate material. In order to study and validate the improvements envisaged, a cast iron micro lathe bed is considered as reference. Numerical (FE) model of the cast iron micro lathe bed was developed and validated through experimental static and modal analysis. Finite element analysis of the micro lathe bed with the existing cast iron material as well as with nettle–polyester composite as alternate material was also carried out using worst case cutting forces, and based on the relative performances, the need for form design modification for the proposed material was identified. To enhance the bending and torsional stiffness of the nettle–polyester composite lathe bed, various cross sections and rib configurations were studied and the best among them was identified and the same was implemented in the nettle–polyester composite micro lathe bed design. Finite element analysis of the newly designed nettle–polyester composite micro lathe bed was performed and the improvements in dynamic characteristics were evaluated. The newly designed nettle–polyester composite micro lathe bed was fabricated and the predicted enhancement in static and dynamic characteristics was verified experimentally. The studies indicated that nettle–polyester composite could be considered as a suitable alternate to cast iron structures in machine tools.
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Zakriya, G. Mohamed, G. Ramakrishnan, T. Palani Rajan, and D. Abinaya. "Study of thermal properties of jute and hollow conjugated polyester fibre reinforced non-woven composite." Journal of Industrial Textiles 46, no. 6 (2016): 1393–411. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1528083715624258.
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Sandwich structure of non-woven composite is produced by using a compressive hot pressing method. It is ranging from 2500 grams per square meter (gsm) to 3500 gsm. Composite sample is designed using Box and Behnken model. Considering 50–70% weight of jute fibre content with 30–50% weight of hollow conjugated polyester fibre, ideal thickness of the composites is maintained in the range from 4 to 5 mm. Thermal properties such as thermal conductivity, thermal resistance, thermal transmittance and thermal diffusivity were evaluated by considering three factors: weight of jute (A), weight of hollow conjugated polyester (B) and thickness of the composite (C). The thermal conductivity of the composite material is determined by heat flow meter method ASTM C518. Experiment result will help to make a suitable standardized panel composite for thermal insulation. It requires 3600 gsm 51/49 parts of contribution of jute/hollow conjugated polyester fibre with 5.0 mm thickness and 3200 gsm 76.5/23.5 parts of contribution of jute/hollow conjugated polyester fibre with 4.5 mm thickness of the composites. The composite weight of 3280 gsm shown optimized thermal responses, it was predicted from response surface method graph. Contribution of jute/hollow conjugated polyester fibre of 54/46 parts with 5.0 mm thickness would be considered to make standardized composite panel. Mostly air conditioning process reduces the energy cost spent for the thermal stability in indoor climate of dwellings.
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Prasetya, Bayu, Wahyu Solafide Sipahutar, Ahmad Andryan Prakoso, and Anisa Fitri. "Mechanical Properties of Sugarcane Bagasse Fiber Composites: Epoxy vs Polyester Resin Matrices." Jurnal Permadi : Perancangan, Manufaktur, Material dan Energi 7, no. 01 (2025): 95–104. https://doi.org/10.52005/permadi.v7i01.186.
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This study aims to evaluate the mechanical properties of sugarcane bagasse bagasse fiber-reinforced composites using two types of matrix resins (i.e epoxy and polyester). The composites were fabricated using the hand lay-up method, with sugarcane bagasse bagasse fibers serving as the natural reinforcement. The tests conducted included visual fracture analysis, tensile testing, and flexural testing. The results showed that the epoxy-based composite achieved a tensile strength of 26.43 MPa, slightly higher than the polyester-based composite at 26.06 MPa. In the flexural test, the epoxy matrix composite exhibited a flexural strength of 89.53 MPa, significantly higher than the polyester matrix at 49.12 MPa. These findings indicate that the type of matrix resin has a significant influence on the mechanical performance of natural fiber composites, particularly in applications requiring high flexural strength.
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Ciupagea, Luminita, Gabriel Andrei, Dumitru Dima, Adrian Circiumaru, and Adrian Cotet. "Stress-Strain Characteristics of Polyester Composites with Singlewall, Multiwall and Functionalized Carbon Nanotubes." Applied Mechanics and Materials 657 (October 2014): 382–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.657.382.
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Performance evaluation of the polyester composites with added carbon nanotubes is presented herein, based on the results of compressive tests. Composites were obtained from polyester resin mixed with three types of carbon nanotubes: singlewall, multiwall and functionalized. The contents of carbon nanotubes were 0.1, 0.15 and 0.2 wt%. Cylindrical specimens with a diameter of 6 mm and a height of 9 mm were designed and prepared in conformity with the standards. Compressive tests were performed according to ISO 604, at the speeds of 1, 5, 10, 25 and 50 mm/min. Morfological study of the samples was carried out using SEM analysis. Dispersive X-ray spectrum in energy, associated with SEM micrograph, enabled to notice the elements existing in the composite. Stress-strain characteristics of polyester composite were determined through the compressive tests. The results revealed improved mechanical behavior of polyester composite, for test speed under 10 mm/min.
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Rai, Bhuvneshwar, Rajinder K. Diwan, and Gulshan Kumar. "Effect of Euphorbia Coagulum on Flexural Property of Polyester Banana Fiber Composite." Advanced Materials Research 664 (February 2013): 764–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.664.764.
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Presently composites made up of either both the binder and the reinforcing fibers are synthetic or either one of the material is natural or synthetic. In the present study coagulum (dried latex) of Euphorbia royleana has been used for replacing polyester resin as a natural binder in polyester banana fiber composite. The influence of different volume fraction of the coagulum in the composite is studied. It is observed that with the increase in the coagulum fraction, the flexural property of the polyester banana fiber composite increases. The flexural strength increase by 25% and flexural modulus by 15% at 40% of coagulum weight fraction. This study presents the possibility of preparation of composites using coagulum of Euphorbia latex. The developed composite may be used in partition walls, roof tiles, interior linings of automobiles, etc as wood substitute.
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FRĄCZ, Wiesław, Grzegorz JANOWSKI, and Grażyna RYZIŃSKA. "THE POSSIBILITY OF USING WOOD FIBER MATS IN PRODUCTS MANUFACTURING MADE OF POLYMER COMPOSITES BASED ON NUMERICAL SIMULATIONS." Applied Computer Science 13, no. 4 (2017): 65–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.35784/acs-2017-30.
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In this work the calculations for predicting the properties of wood fiber mats – polyester resin composite using numerical homogenization method were performed. For this purpose, the microstructural strength properties were calculated using DIGIMAT FE commercial code. In addition, for comparative purposes a calculation of polyester resin - glass fiber composites was conducted. This allowed to compare the properties of two types of compositions. In addition, the obtained strength properties were used to simulate the work of product made of these composites. This study was performed using the Ansys commercial code. Usability of the polyester resin - wood fiber mat composite and knowledge of its properties will allow to find a correct application of this composite type and can provide an alternative way to other polymeric resin reinforced by mat.
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Darmo, Sujita, and Rudy Sutanto. "The development of composite reinforced hybrid fiber musa acuminata stem-hibiscus tiliaceust bark with filler liquid rubber as vehicle bumper." Eastern-European Journal of Enterprise Technologies 3, no. 1 (123) (2023): 33–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.15587/1729-4061.2023.276642.
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The characterized of the polyester composites reinforced of the hybrid fiber musa acuminata stem fiber (MASF)-hibiscus tiliaceust bark fiber (HTBF) with liquid rubber filler was studied. The object of research is the polyester composite material, hybrid natural fiber reinforcement and filler Carboxyl Terminated Butadiene Acrylonitryle (CTBN). The polyester composite material which is used as a vehicle bumper, is easily broken and has low heat resistance so that its shape easily changes/shrinks due to heat. This research aims to develop the tensile strength, impact toughness and heat resistance of polyester composites. The reason for using the MASF-HTBF hybrid fiber as a reinforcement for polyester composite materials is because MASF and HTBF are natural fibers that have great potential to be developed to improve the mechanical properties of polyester composites, as substitutes for synthetic fibers. In this study, the conditions of MASF and HTBF were given alkaline treatment by immersing them in 5 % NaOH solution for 24 hours then drying. The combined/hybrid ratio between the MASF and CTBF volume fractions is: 5 %:25 %, 10 %:20 % and 15 %:15 %. To increase impact toughness, CTBN filler is added with variations of 5 %, 10 %. The mechanical characteristics of the specimens were carried out by means of a tensile test and an impact test. The change in mass or shrinkage as a result is tested by TGA. The results showed that the MASF-HTBF hybrid fiber-reinforced polyester composite material with CTBN filler has better mechanical properties than single natural fibers, so it is important to develop it further as a material for making vehicle bumper
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Sari, Nasmi Herlina, Suteja Suteja, I. Putu Lokantara, and Topan Gusti Wibowo. "Influence of Pumice Particles on the Mechanical and Morphology Properties of Polyester-Cornhusk Fiber Composites." Journal of Fibers and Polymer Composites 1, no. 2 (2022): 97–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.55043/jfpc.v1i2.54.
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The purpose of this study was to look into the performance of a cornhusk fiber (CHF) reinforced polyester composite with pumice powder (PP) as a filler. The influence of varied PP volume fractions on composite tensile, bending, impact, and fracture morphology was studied. Using the hot press process, polyester-CHF composites with varied volume fractions of PP filler, namely 5%, 10%, 15%, 20%, 25%, and 30% wt, were created. The results showed that increasing the PP volume fraction from 5% to 15% enhanced the tensile strength of the polyester-CHF composite. The modulus of elasticity and bending modulus tend to grow when filler Pp decreases from 5% to 30%, but elongation value decreases. Furthermore, the best bending strength and impact toughness of the polyester-CHF composite were produced at a volume fraction of PP filler of 20%. SEM images indicate the presence of CHF pull out in all composite variations as well as the number of voids dependent on the PP filler volume.
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Badri, Muftil, Sugiman Sugiman, Aguswandi Aguswandi, and Jayadi Jayadi. "SEM Observation on Fracture Surface of Coconut Fibers Reinforced Polyester Composite." Journal of Ocean, Mechanical and Aerospace -science and engineering- (JOMAse) 40, no. 1 (2017): 22–27. https://doi.org/10.36842/jomase.v40i1.389.
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The fracture behavior of coconut fibers reinforced polyester composite depends on different fibers orientation was experimentally investigated under static loading conditions. The static uniaxial tensile and flexural loading for three (random discontinuous, longitudinal and woven direction) coconut fibers reinforced polyester composite was implemented using servo hydraulic material testing machine. The microstructure was observed using SEM observation in order to better understand damage mechanism during the stress of polyester phase. SEM observation on fracture surface can provide important information for research and development as well as fracture analysis. It was found that fracture modes were considerably different for these composites. The random discontinuous coconut fibers composite fracture caused by defects in fiber pull out, the longitudinal coconut fibers composite fracture caused by matrix cracking and delamination, the woven coconut fibers fracture caused by debonding and void. Based on the SEM observation results, the fracture behavior was determined and it was found that static loading conditions and fiber direction influence the fracture surface of coconut fibers reinforced polyester composite.
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Aein Afina, Mohd Redzuan, Bonnia Noor Najmi, Shuhaimen Siti Shakirah, and Siti Norasmah Surip. "Mechanical and Thermal Properties of Rubber Toughened Carbon Black-Filled Polyester Composite." Advanced Materials Research 812 (September 2013): 163–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.812.163.
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The influences of Carbon Black (CB) as filler for rubber toughened polyester composite on thermal properties were investigated, in consideration for applications such as automotive parts and integrated circuits (IC) encapsulations. The usage of CB as filler is one of the efforts in increasing and varying the use of rubber and unsaturated polyester thermoset in composite materials. Unsaturated polyester was mixed with 3% liquid natural rubber (LNR) as toughening agent and CB, which were varied from 0, 2, 4, 6, 8, and 10% using mechanical stirrer and moulded by using the open mould technique. Impact testing was conducted for mechanical property and it was found that the addition of CB increased the impact strength by 87%. Thermal properties of the composites were evaluated using a thermogravimetric analyzer (TGA) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The TGA curves of the composites were quite similar, but there were slight increment in thermal stability for several CB filled composites compared to the neat polyester matrix. DSC analysis showed that all the composites were fully cured, and CB filled composites had a slower heat flow rate compared to the neat rubber toughened composite.
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Nadher Hlail Jaddoa. "Effect of Adding Nanoclay (Hallosite) On the Thermal Properties of Unsaturated Polyester Resin." International Journal of Scientific Research in Science, Engineering and Technology 12, no. 3 (2025): 942–45. https://doi.org/10.32628/ijsrset2512109.
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Polymer composites are among the most widely used materials in industrial and engineering applications due to their versatile properties and the potential to enhance their performance through the incorporation of nanomaterials. In this study, the thermal properties of a polyester composite reinforced with halloysite nanoparticles—a type of natural nanotube known for its significant impact on improving the thermal and mechanical performance of polymers—were investigated. This research may open new horizons for the use of such materials in engineering applications. Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) is one of the most fundamental tests for studying the thermal properties of composites, as it allows for the determination of the material's thermal degradation behavior and service life in both pure polyesters and polymer/nanoclay (halloysite nanotubes, NHTs) systems. TGA was conducted on polyester/NHTs nanocomposite samples with varying filler concentrations (0 wt%, 0.2, 0.4, 0.8, 1, 2, 4, 6, and 8 wt%). The specimens were prepared with dimensions of 65 mm (length) × 13 mm (width) × 5 mm (thickness) in accordance with ASTM D790M. The thermal property assessments, particularly the thermogravimetric analysis, revealed that the samples containing nanofillers exhibited superior heat resistance, with an optimal enhancement observed at 6–8% nanofiller loading, compared to unfilled polyester and halloysite/polyester matrix composites.
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Guo, Weinan, Hao Chang, Jiahuan Ni, et al. "Low-velocity impact performance of ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene/aramid-polyester core-spun yarn hybrid composites." Journal of Industrial Textiles 53 (January 2023): 152808372311540. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/15280837231154020.
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The impact resistant composite has excellent energy absorption efficiency, but the structure and material selection of the composite have great influence on its energy absorption. In order to explore the effect of structure on the energy absorption of Ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) composites and the application potential of new aramid core-spun yarn and new polyester core-spun yarn in impact resistant composites. The UHMWPE composites with different fiber orientations and stacking sequences structure, as well as the new hybrid composites containing aramid core-spun yarn and polyester core-spun yarn were tested by low-velocity impact test and scanning electron microscope (SEM) observation. The differences of energy absorption of UHMWPE composites with different structures and the advantages of the new hybrid composites were analyzed. The results show that the energy absorption of the 45°/0°/90°/−45° UHMWPE composite is 15% and 86% higher than that of the 0°/90°/0°/90°UHMWPE composite and the 0°/90°/45°/−45° UHMWPE composite, respectively, which is the best structure among the three composites. The energy absorption performance of the composites introduced with aramid core-spun yarn and polyester core-spun yarn were improved by 223% and 202%, respectively, so that the energy absorption performance was significantly improved by new yarns.
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Allien, J. Vipin, Hemantha Kumar, and Vijay Desai. "Semi-active vibration control of MRF core PMC cantilever sandwich beams: Experimental study." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part L: Journal of Materials: Design and Applications 234, no. 4 (2020): 574–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1464420720903078.
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The semi-active vibration control of sandwich beams made of chopped strand mat glass fiber reinforced polyester resin polymer matrix composite (PMC) and magnetorheological fluid (MRF) core were experimentally investigated in this study. Two-, four- and six-layered glass fiber reinforced polyester resin polymer matrix composites were prepared using the hand-layup technique. The magnetorheological fluid was prepared in-house with 30% volume of carbonyl iron powder and 70% volume of silicone oil. Nine cantilever sandwich beams of varying thicknesses of the top and bottom layers glass fiber reinforced polyester resin polymer matrix composite beams and middle magnetorheological fluid core were prepared. The magnetorheological fluid core was activated with a non-homogeneous magnetic field using permanent magnets. The first three modes, natural frequencies and damping ratios of the glass fiber reinforced polyester resin polymer matrix composite-magnetorheological fluid core sandwich beams were determined through free vibration analysis using DEWESoft modal analysis software. The amplitude frequency response of the glass fiber reinforced polyester resin polymer matrix composite-magnetorheological fluid core sandwich beams through forced vibration analysis was determined using LabVIEW. The effect of various parameters such as magnetic flux density, thickness of glass fiber reinforced polyester resin polymer matrix composite layers and magnetorheological fluid core layer on the natural frequencies, damping ratio and vibration amplitude suppressions of the glass fiber reinforced polyester resin polymer matrix composite-magnetorheological fluid core sandwich beams was investigated. Based on the results obtained, 2 mm thickness top and bottom layers glass fiber reinforced polyester resin polymer matrix composite and 5 mm thickness magnetorheological fluid core sample have achieved a high shift in increased natural frequency, damping ratio and vibration amplitude suppression under the influence of magnetic flux density.
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Hoque, Md Asadul, Md Anwarul Kabir Bhuiya, Md Saiduzzaman, Md Ashadul Islam та Mubarak A. Khan. "Effect of γ (gamma)-radiation on mechanical properties of raw and polyethylene glycol-modified bleached jute reinforced polyester composite". World Journal of Engineering 14, № 2 (2017): 108–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/wje-06-2016-0005.
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Purpose This paper aim to comparatively study of mechanical properties of gamma radiation treated raw and polyethylene glycol modified bleached jute reinforced polyester composite. The natural fiber-reinforced composite has been a wide area of research, and it is the preferred choice due to its superior physical and mechanical properties like low density, stiffness and light weight. Among several natural fibers, jute is one that has good potential as reinforcement in polymer composite. Jute fibers biodegradability, low cost and moderate mechanical properties make it as a preferable reinforcement material in the development of polymer matrix composites. Design/methodology/approach In the present work, raw jute fabrics-reinforced polyester composite (as RJPC) and polyethylene glycol (PEG)-modified bleached jute fabrics-reinforced polyester composite (as MBJPC) were fabricated by the heat-press molding technique at 120°C for 5 min at a pressure of 5 tons. Prior to the composite formulation, low lignin content bleached jute fabrics were chemically modified with PEG for the better compatibility of the fabrics with the polyester matrix and enhancing elongation properties. All the composites irradiated with different gamma radiation dose in the range of 2 to 14 kGy. Findings The irradiated composites showed highest improved of mechanical properties at the 10 kGy γ-radiation dose. However, the hard and sunlight-sensitive high lignin content γ-RJPC showed higher mechanical properties except elongation properties compared to that of low lignin content γ-MBJPC. Originality/value After the γ-ray irradiation, both the γ-RJPC and γ-MBJPC developed high degree of cross-linking among the polyester molecules and thereto fabrics with the consequence of significant changed of surface morphology as observed by atomic force microscopy.
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Anozie, Okoye, and Ntunde Ifeanyi. "Evaluation of the physico-mechanical properties of polyester/corn stalk composite." Poljoprivredna tehnika 47, no. 3 (2022): 9–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.5937/poljteh2203009o.
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In this study, corn stalk/polyester composites were prepared using molding techniques at several percentage filler loadings per weight and the physiomechanical properties were studied. The composite showed moderate improvement in tensile strength 13.582MPa for 3% corn stalk which was the highest. The composite also reported the highest values for impact strength 744.90(J/m2 ) and flexural strength 23.947MPa, respectively for filler loading of 3% corn stalk and 93% polyester and 2% corn stalk and 98% polyester composite samples. The significant strengths recorded can be attributed to the good surface intermingling bonding between the corn stalk fillers and the polyester matrix. The study also revealed that, density of the composites decreased with increase in filler loading and the density dropped from 0.116 g/cm3 to 0.108g/cm3 . The composites recorded increase in water uptake with increasing filler loading. The results showed that the highest water absorption rate was at 5% corn stalk loading which had maximum water absorption of 4.55% by the composite samples. The physiomechanical properties of the composites indicate that it can be useful in applications which require moderate strengths. These composites could be considered as a potential way of utilizing agricultural waste materials and as sustainable resources for manufacturing of structural materials such as particle board, partitioning panels, ceiling boards thereby reducing the amount of agricultural wastes and eliminating the pollution caused by burning of corn stalk waste.
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Herlina Sari, Nasmi, Salman, Suteja, Yusuf Akhyar Sutaryono, and Joni Iskandar. "Evaluation of the Impact Strength and Morphology Properties of Musa Acuminata Fiber Composite/CaCo3 Powder." Journal of Fibers and Polymer Composites 2, no. 1 (2023): 18–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.55043/jfpc.v2i1.63.
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Banana stem (Musa Acuminata, MA) fiber is a free agricultural waste obtained after harvesting the fruit. When compared to synthetic fibers, banana fiber has significant weaknesses in composite production, such as low interfacial bond strength between the fiber and the matrix. The purpose of this research is to improve the impact strength of banana stem fiber composites by adding CaCO3 powder. The hot press technique is used to create composites. In the production of polyester composites, woven MA and CaCO3 stem fibers are prepared. An impact testing machine and a scanning electron microscope were used to investigate the effect on morphological properties and impact strength. The study's findings revealed that a polyester composite containing 10% banana stem fiber and 25% CaCO3 had the highest impact strength of 45.27 KJ/m2, which was associated with strong adhesion between the CaCO3-fiber and the polyester matrix. Fiber pullout, matrix cracking, and fiber debonding were all observed in the composite fracture morphology. The resulting composite properties could be used to replace palm fiber/fiber glass composites.
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Nabinejad, Omid, Sujan Debnath, Jack Kai Beh, and Mohammad Yeakub Ali. "Mechanical Performance and Moisture Absorption of Unidirectional Bamboo Fiber Polyester Composite." Materials Science Forum 911 (January 2018): 88–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.911.88.
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Bamboo fibers as a natural fiber offer numerous advantages such as high specific strength over synthetic fiber when used as reinforcing fiber for polymer composites. Yet the hydrophilic nature of bamboo fibers with high moisture absorption results in incompatibility in between bamboo fibers and unsaturated polyester resin. An experimental study was carried out to investigate the effects of alkali treatment of bamboo fiber on the mechanical properties and water sorption properties of polyester composite. The result revealed that, the bamboo fiber polyester composite with 5% Alkali treated bamboo fiber possesses the highest mechanical properties. Besides, Alkali treated fibers composite showed a significant reduction in moisture uptake compared to untreated fibers, where composite with 7% Alkali treated showed the lowest moisture uptake.
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Chomiak, M. "Reuse of polyester-glass laminate waste in polymer composites." Journal of Achievements in Materials and Manufacturing Engineering 2, no. 107 (2021): 49–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0015.3583.
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Purpose: of this paper is to develop a new generation of polymer composite materials that would ensure the use of residual and serious environmental problems of polyester-glass laminate waste. Design/methodology/approach: The glass reinforced polyester waste was ground and added to produce new composites. Thermoplastic - high impact polystyrene was selected for the composite matrix. Composites containing 10, 20, 30% by weight of the filler of polyester-glass laminate powder were made. The process of extrusion and subsequent injection was used to prepare the test samples. The influence of the filler on selected properties of composites was evaluated. The physical properties of the filler as well as the processing properties of the mixture as well as the mechanical properties - impact strength and tensile strength of the obtained composites were investigated. Findings: A decrease in tensile strength and impact strength was observed along with an increase in the amount of filler. Research limitations/implications: It would be interesting to carry out further analyzes, in particular with a higher volume fraction of the filler or with a different composite structure, e.g. using PVC as a matrix. The developed research topic is a good material for the preparation of publications of a practical and scientific nature, especially useful in the research and industrial environment. Practical implications: The shredded glass-polyester waste can be used as a filler of polystyrene, however, the resulting composite could be used to produce parts with slightly less responsible functions such as artificial jewelery or toy elements. Originality/value: Obtained results are a new solution a global waste management solution for glass reinforced polyester waste, which may contribute to the sustainable development of the composite materials industry through the partial utilization of waste composites with a duroplastic matrix.
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Kus, Abdil, Ismail Durgun, and Rukiye Ertan. "Experimental study on the flexural properties of 3D integrated woven spacer composites at room and subzero temperatures." Journal of Sandwich Structures & Materials 20, no. 5 (2016): 517–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1099636216662925.
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The flexural behavior of the 3D integrated woven spacer composites with carbon fiber-reinforced polymer face sheets are performed with epoxy and polyester matrix in the warp direction. The static loading of foam core carbon/epoxy and carbon/polyester composite sandwich panels in three-point flexural test was characterized at room temperature (23℃) and at liquid nitrogen temperature (−40℃). Macro-fracture morphology and progress have been examined to understand the deformation and failure mechanism. Significant increases in the flexural strength with brittle type core shear failure were observed at low temperatures as compared with the corresponding room temperature behavior. The performance of the epoxy-based composite is compared to the polyester one. Significant changes in the flexural properties of the composites have been found, first related to the temperature and then to the resin type. The flexural properties of the epoxy-based composites were affected greatly by temperature and exhibited higher flexural performance than polyester-based composites at low temperatures.
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Jamasri and Ferriawan Yudhanto. "The Effect of Alkali Treatment and Addition of Microcrystalline Cellulose (MCC) on Physical and Tensile Properties of Ramie/Polyester Laminated Composites." Revue des composites et des matériaux avancés 32, no. 2 (2022): 77–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.18280/rcma.320204.
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The aim of this research is to investigate the effect of alkali treatment of ramie fibers and addition of MCC on the properties of ramie/polyester laminated composites. The alkali treatment was performed using NaOH solution at a room temperature. The laminated composites was manufactured using a vacuum infusion method for three layers of treated woven ramie fibers in the polyester matrix. The MCC (microcrystalline cellulose) powder 0.5 wt.% was added into the polyester resin and then mixed by a mechanical stirrer at a rotation speed of 350 rpm for 5 minutes. The physical characterization was evaluated using FTIR, XRD, and SEM methods. The tensile test of a single fiber and laminated composites was carried out according to the ASTM D3379 and ASTM D3039, respectively. The experimental results show that the XRD of treated fiber with 5 wt.% NaOH solution has the highest crystallinity index of 66.3%. It impacts the increase of tensile strength and elastic modulus of single ramie fiber by 18% and 55%, respectively. The addition of MCC into the polyester matrix of laminated composite can increase the tensile strength and elastic modulus by 18% and 21%, respectively, compared to the untreated laminated composite. In addition, the treated fibers laminated composite can improve the adhesion and chemical bonding between fibers and polyester as a matrix. The addition of MCC filler may prevent the initial propagation of cracks on interlaminar surfaces of laminated composite.
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Karthikeyan, S. "Influence of fibre loading and surface treatment on the impact strength of coir polyester composites." Archives of Materials Science and Engineering 1, no. 107 (2021): 16–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0014.8190.
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Purpose: In this work, coir fibre with varying fibre content was selected as reinforcements to prepare polymer-based matrices and the problem of reduced fibre-matrix interfacial bond strength has been diluted by chemical treatment of coir fibres with alkali solution. Design/methodology/approach: The effect of fibre loading, solution concentration and soaking time on the impact strength of the composites were analyzed using statistical techniques. Response Surface Methodology (RSM) approach was used to model and optimize the impact properties of coir-polyester composites. Findings: The impact strength of coir fibre reinforced polyester composite depends mainly on the fabrication parameters such as fibre-polyester content, soaking time, concentration of soaking agent and adhesive interaction between the fibre and reinforcement. Research limitations/implications: The mechanical properties of any coir polyester composite depend on the nature bonding between the fibre and reinforcement. The presence of cellulose, lignin on the periphery of any natural fibre reduces the bonding strength of the composite. This limitation is overcome by fibre treatment over sodium hydroxide to have better impact properties. Practical implications: Now days, natural fibre reinforced composites are capable of replacing automotive parts, subjected to static loads such as engine Guard, light doom, name plate, tool box and front panels etc. These materials can withstand any static load due to its higher strength to weight ratios. Originality/value: The effect of fibre loading, solution concentration and soaking time on the impact strength of the composites were analyzed using statistical techniques. Response Surface Methodology (RSM) approach was used to model and optimize the impact properties of coir-polyester composites. The impact strength of NaOH impregnated coir fibre reinforced polyester composites was evaluated.
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Shahzad, Asim, and Sana Ullah Nasir. "Validation of fatigue damage model for composites made of various fiber types and configurations." Journal of Composite Materials 52, no. 9 (2017): 1183–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0021998317722402.
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Empirical model for predicting fatigue damage behavior of composite materials developed recently has been applied to composite materials made of different fibers in various configurations: carbon and glass fiber noncrimp fabric reinforced epoxy composites, chopped strand mat glass fiber-reinforced polyester composites, randomly oriented nonwoven hemp fiber-reinforced polyester composites, and glass/hemp fiber-reinforced polyester hybrid composites. The fatigue properties were evaluated in tension–tension mode at stress ratio R = 0.1 and frequency of 1 Hz. The experimental fatigue data were used to determine the material parameters required for the model. It has been found that the model accurately predicts the degradation of fatigue life of composites with an increase in number of fatigue cycles. The scope of applicability of this model has thus been broadened by using the fatigue data of natural fiber and noncrimp fabric composites.
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SIDDIQUE, SHERAZ HUSSAIN, MUHAMMAD OWAIS RAZA SIDDIQUI, MUHAMMAD ALI, and DANMEI SUN. "Hybrid composites based on textile hard waste: use as sunshades." Industria Textila 73, no. 06 (2022): 680–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.35530/it.073.06.202158.
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Hybrid composites have gained exceptional interest from researchers and industry sectors in the last couple of decades with an aim to improve existing and/or develop new composites to cater for a wide variety of applications. In this research, hybrid composites utilizing glass fibre combined with textile hard waste were fabricated. A control sample and 7 hybrid composite samples including glass-polyester hard waste, glass-mercerized cotton hard waste and glass-cotton hard waste were developed as part of this study. Density, tensile strength and thermal conductivity of all developed samples and that of a commercial composite (purchased from the market) were measured. The results revealed that the control sample developed at the lab scale showed similar or higher values of density, tensile properties and thermal conductivity. Hybrid composites based on unmercerized and mercerized cotton showed very low tensile properties and similar conductivity, so they are not suitable for sunshade application. On the other hand, a composite made from polyester provided with highest tensile properties amongst all the hybrid composites but was still quite lower than a commercial sample. Polyester hybrid composite has enhanced thermal insulation properties suggesting that it has the potential to replace the existing composite, but a compromise needs to be made between the physical and thermal properties of the sunshade.
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Dahad, Haydar Abed, Sameh Fareed Hasan, and Ali Hussein Alwan. "Study the Effect of Different Percentages of Natural (Orange Peels and Date Seeds) and Industrial Materials (Carbon and Silica) on the Mechanical and Thermal Properties of Polymeric Reinforced Composites." Al-Khwarizmi Engineering Journal 14, no. 4 (2018): 16–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.22153/kej.2018.04.001.
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Mechanical and thermal properties of composites, consisted of unsaturated polyester resin, reinforced by different kinds of natural materials (Orange peels and Date seeds) and industrial materials (carbon and silica) with particle size 98 µm were studied. Various weight ratios, 5, 10, and 15 wt. % of natural and industrial materials have been infused into polyester. Tensile, three-point bending and thermal conductivity tests were conducted for the unfilled polyester, natural and industrial composite to identify the weight ratio effect on the properties of materials. The results indicated that when the weight ratio for polyester with date seeds increased from 10% to 15%, the maximum Young’s modulus decreased by 54%. When the weight ratio was 5%, the maximum Young’s modulus, yield stress and ultimate tensile stress occurred in the polyester with date seeds. The results of tensile and flexural tests showed that the natural composite material has a higher strength than the industrial material. While the results of flexural tests manifested that the maximum improvement in the flexural strength is obtained for orange peels at 5 wt. %, where the maximum increasing percentage is 153.4% than pure polyester. The thermal conductivity of orange peels decreased to the half value when the weight ratio increased from 10% to 15%. The thermal conductivity for polyester with orange peels was greater than the thermal conductivity of polyester with date seeds with maximum percentage occurred at weight ratio 10% is 14.4%, but the thermal conductivity of the industrial composite material was higher than the natural composite material. Finally, the date seeds composite was a good insulator and it had a reduced heat transfer rate in comparison to the rest of the samples, also the maximum variation of temperature with time occurred in date seeds composite.
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Pangestu, Rendy. "Analysis of Variation in Fiber Volume Fraction on Torsional Strength of Epoxy and Polyester Matrix Coconut Fiber Composites." Jurnal Teknik Mesin 14, no. 1 (2025): 45. https://doi.org/10.22441/jtm.v14i1.20828.
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Natural fibers can be employed to enhance the strength and rigidity of composite structures. These fibers can be combined with matrix materials to create composite materials. One specific example of a natural fiber is coconut fiber. Unfortunately, coconut fiber is currently underutilized, leading to organic waste. However, coconut fiber offers several advantages as a substitute for automotive product composites despite facing specific technical challenges. Hence, it is important to understand the potential of coconut fiber composites with epoxy and polyester matrices. This study aimed to assess the capabilities of coconut fiber composites with epoxy and polyester matrices through a torsion test. The study involved conducting torsion tests on composites with varying volume fractions, precisely 25:75, 30:70, 35:65, and 40:60 (coconut fiber fraction to polyester/epoxy fraction). The research entailed creating torsion test specimens and performing the torsion tests. Subsequently, an analysis of the torsion test results was conducted. This research indicates that coconut fiber with an epoxy matrix demonstrated a maximum stress value of 31.27 MPa and a maximum shear strain value of 1.022 rad at a 30% volume fraction. Similarly, coconut fiber composite with a polyester matrix exhibited a maximum stress value of 27.83 MPa and a maximum shear strain value of 0.91 at a 30% volume fraction. Based on these outcomes, it can be concluded that the optimal volume fraction of coconut fiber for producing satisfactory specimens is 30%, regardless of whether the composites have epoxy or polyester matrices.
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Pratiwi, Henny. "MORPHOLOGICAL AND MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF MT. KELUD VOLCANIC ASH REINFORCED POLYESTER AND EPOXY COMPOSITES." Jurnal Teknik Mesin 6, no. 2 (2017): 47. http://dx.doi.org/10.22441/jtm.v6i2.1189.
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The use of suitable waste products as raw materials has become an interesting matter in composite industry nowadays due to the environmental issues. Volcanic ash is one of the waste materials containing a high number of silica. The aim of this study is to examine the morphological and mechanical properties of Mt. Kelud volcanic ash reinforced polyester and epoxy composites. The volcano ash was dried and sieved into 50 mesh then mixed with polyester or epoxy manually for 10 minutes. The ash added into the matrix was varied by 0%, 10%, 20%, 30% and 40% from matrix volume content. For epoxy matrix, the composite with 40 vol. % particles has the highest tensile strength. However, for the polyester/ash composites, the tensile strength continues to decrease with the addition of particles. There is a significant increasing of 47.04 % for polyester and 5.62 % for epoxy in impact strength when 40 vol. % of volcanic ash added into both polymers. The Scanning Electron Microscopy result shows that there is void and agglomeration contained in epoxy/ash composites and crack propagation along the surface of polyester/ash composites that could be the cause of the failure.
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Kalyanasundaram, S., and S. Jayabal. "The Effect of Fiber Treatment on the Mechanical Properties of Christmas Palm Fiber-Polyester Composites." Applied Mechanics and Materials 467 (December 2013): 208–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.467.208.
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This paper aims at introducing and investigating the mechanical properties of new variety of natural fibers (Christmas palm fiber) used as reinforcement in polymer matrix composites. It was inferred that the poor inter laminar bonding between the Christmas palm fibers and polyester matrix restricted the mechanical properties of the composites. Hence surface modifications of Christmas palm fibers by means of alkali treatment were done in a view to enhance the bonding nature of the Christmas palm fiber with polyester matrix. The composite fabrication is carried out using compression moulding machine and the mechanical properties were tested as per ASTM standards. The effect of soaking time and solution concentration of Sodium hydroxide on the mechanical properties of Christmas palm fiber reinforced polyester composites were studied and fiber treatment conditions for better mechanical properties are identified. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) investigations showed that surface modification improved the fiber/ matrix adhesion which in turn enhanced the mechanical properties of the Christmas palm fiber reinforced polyester composite.
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Xie, Xiang Li, Lin Jiang Wang, and Guo Wei Zhang. "Preparation and Flame Retardancy of Unsaturated Polyester Resin Containing P-Toluenesulfonate-Pillared Layered Double Hydroxide." Advanced Materials Research 399-401 (November 2011): 1372–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.399-401.1372.
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The p-toluene sulfonate- pillared layered double hydroxide(PTS-LDH) was synthesized by co-precipitation method, unsaturated polyester resin/ PTS-LDH composites were prepared by solution blending and solidifying. The X-ray diffraction was used to characterize the structure of the composites. The thermal stability and fire properties of composites have been studied by thermo- gravimetric analysis, limit oxygen index and UL94 burning test. The results show that the interlayer space of original LDH was 0.775nm, which was increased to 1.73nm for PTS-LDH and 2.077 nm for unsaturated polyester resin/ PTS-LDH composite. The addition of PTS-LDH improved the flame retardancy of unsaturated polyester resin. Limit oxygen index of unsaturated polyester resin/ PTS-LDH composite was increased to 23.30 % from 21% of the pure resin, the char residue rate increased by 3.7% and the speed of horizontal burning was decreased by 20.24%. The vertical burning test (UL-94) results indicated that the materials achieved V-2 grade.
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Chethan, G., K. C. Sunil, Mahagundappa R. Maddani, and Y. Narayana. "A Study on Shore D Hardness of Areca Husk Fibre Reinforced Polyester Resin Composite: Impact of Fibre Maturity." Materials Science Forum 1111 (December 22, 2023): 83–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/p-inpop0.
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Areca husk fibre is an agro-waste natural fibre that can be used in reinforced resin composites due to its low density, low cost and higher mechanical strength. Hard composites have applications in the packing industry and automobile industries. Over the years, researchers have been trying to develop lightweight, cheaper and efficient materials for them in daily life. In the present study, the Shore-D hardness level of chemically surface-modified unripe and ripe Areca Husk Fiber (AHF) reinforced polyester resin composites have been investigated. The unripe and ripe AHF are chemically treated through mercerization, potassium permanganate treatment, benzoylation, acrylation and acetylation methodologies to change their fibre-matrix bonding ability. The composites of chemically treated unripe and ripe AHF-reinforced polyester resin composites are fabricated, polyester resin as matrix material and methyl ethyl ketone peroxide (MEKPO) as a hardener. The Shore-D analysis was carried out to study the hardness properties of the composites. In conclusion, The acrylation treated AHF polyester resin composite shows a better harness among the other chemically treatments. Although, the fibre maturity of AHF increases the composite hardness except for benzoylation and acetylation chemical treatments. AHF-reinforced polyester resins can be used as hard materials in various applications such as automobile sectors, the packaging industry and more.
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Hameed, Isam Salah, Hamid M. Mahan, and Ahmed Salah Hameed. "Microwave Power Absorption Evaluation of River Shell Particles Reinforced Polyester Composite." Periodica Polytechnica Electrical Engineering and Computer Science 64, no. 2 (2019): 192–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.3311/ppee.14263.
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The objective of this research is to analyze the microwave power absorption properties of Unsaturated Polyester Resin (UPR) composite reinforced with micro size river-shell with an aim to figure out the new formed composites with the best microwave power absorption scenario. The composites were prepared by using river shell powder in micro-particle size as a filler material with unsaturated polyester composites. Using free-space transmission technique and within the x-band frequency range, the microwave power absorption properties were studied with varied percentages of river shell powder being loaded into the unsaturated polyester composites. River shells were introduced in an 50 microns particle size powder which was mixed in different weight percentages of 5, 10, and 15 % of a 12 cm square shape side length composite sample along with a thickness of 4 mm for each sample. The test specimens were prepared using the pre-mentioned weight amounts after mixing them with the Unsaturated Polyester Resin (UPR) compositions and in accordance with ASTM standard. Number of teste samples are four represented by pure, 5 %, 10 %, and 15 % of river-shell reinforced polyester composites. It has been found that the 5 % is the case when maximum power absorption presents higher levels than other loading percentages. Therefore, such kind of composites can be established under focus in those applications at which their trends is about necessity and importance of microwave power absorption.
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Abramczyk, Norbert, Sebastian Drewing, Katarzyna Panasiuk, and Daria Żuk. "Application of Statistical Methods to Accurately Assess the Effect of Gamma Aluminum Oxide Nanopowder on the Hardness of Composite Materials with Polyester–Glass Recyclate." Materials 15, no. 17 (2022): 5957. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma15175957.
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Polymer composites are materials that are used in many industries. Their wide application has a direct impact on the amount of post-production and post-consumer waste. The global problem with recycling, especially of fiber-reinforced polymeric materials, has prompted research into methods of their use. Previous research on composite materials with polyester–glass recyclate showed a decrease in mechanical properties. The construction material should have the highest mechanical properties. Based on the literature, it was found that the use of nanoadditives may have a positive effect on the parameters of the materials. The use of gamma aluminum nanopowder, in a small amount can significantly increase the mechanical properties of composites with polyester–glass recyclate, and thus can affect the application of these materials to structural elements. The article is devoted to the research on the hardness of composite materials with polyester–glass recyclate and gamma aluminum nanopowder. The main goal is to investigate the possibility of using a nanoadditive as a material, increasing the mechanical properties of composites with polyester–glass recyclate, so as to create a recycled material with the highest possible strength parameters. Hardness tests were performed using the Barcol method. For each composite material, 30 measurements were made in order to subject the results to a statistical analysis. Using parametric statistical tests it was shown that the obtained hardness values at the assumed level of statistical significance pv = 0.05 for comparisons for the samples of the reference material (B0) do not differ by chance, while for the comparisons in the configurations of the reference material (B0) with the modified materials, (R10, A2, R10A2) they do not differ by accident. Studies have shown that the addition of 2% gamma aluminum nanopowder slightly lowers the hardness of a pure polyester–glass composite, but the same additive allows the hardness of composite materials to be increased with the addition of glass recyclate. This is of particular importance for the development of the optimal composition of polyester–glass composites with the addition of recyclate, which will have good strength properties and at the same time enable the reuse of composite waste.
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bin Saiman, Mohd Pahmi, Md Saidin bin Wahab, and Mat Uzir Wahit. "The Effect of Alkali Treatment on Impact Strength of Woven Kenaf Reinforced Unsaturated Polyester Composite Using Vacuum Infusion Process." Applied Mechanics and Materials 564 (June 2014): 422–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.564.422.
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Nowadays, natural fibres are used in many applications such as automotive, due to its material properties and being environmental friendly. This study is on woven Kenaf reinforced unsaturated polyester focusing on the effect of alkali treatment towards the impact strength of the textile composite. The experiment consists of two different yarn size woven in plain weave and infused using vacuum infusion process into a composite panel. Optic microscopy was used to determine the swelling of fibre, fabrics and composites before and after alkali treatment. The high speed puncture was used to evaluate the impact strength of pure unsaturated polyester and the composite. The results showed that alkali treatment enhanced the impact strength of the composite compared to pure polyester and untreated composite. The swelling of the fibres caused the yarns to expand throughout the thickness and the width of each composite. The gap between the yarns interlacing was reduced due to the expansion of yarns which has increased the covering area of the reinforced material.
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D., Vivekanandan, Sakthivel M., Srinivasa Moorthy S., and Ajith Arul Daniel S. "Fabrication and characterization of TiO2 particulate filled agave Americana fiber-reinforced polyester resin composites." Pigment & Resin Technology 48, no. 6 (2019): 533–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/prt-08-2018-0079.
Full textAbstract:
Purpose In this study, TiO2 is used to enhance the mechanical properties of the composite material containing agave Americana fiber and polyester resin. Design/methodology/approach Agave Americana fiber was first treated with 5% of NaOH, and the composition of treated and untreated fiber was kept constant, whereas the particulate and resin were alternatively used. The handlay method is used to fabricate the composite plates. The morphology of the composites was studied using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Findings The composite was composed of 30% treated agave Americana, 10% of TiO2 particulates and 60% of a polyester resin for better and enhanced mechanical properties. Practical implications The composite can be used for aero-structural components, automobile components and other areas where light-weight components are required. Originality/value A new type of agave Americana fiber with TiO2 and polyester resin composite was fabricated and investigated.