Relevant bibliographies by topics / Polyester polyurethane

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Academic literature on the topic 'Polyester polyurethane'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 1 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Polyester polyurethane"

1

Correia, Cristina Borges, and João C. Bordado. "Synthesis and Characterization of New Polyurethane Adhesives." Materials Science Forum 514-516 (May 2006): 843–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.514-516.843.

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Polyurethane adhesives provide excellent flexibility, impact resistance and durability. Polyurethanes are formed through the reaction of an isocyanate component with polyether or polyester polyols or other active hydrogen compounds. This paper refers to polyurethane adhesives made from polyester polyols with long aliphatic chains (up to 36 carbon atoms) and MDI (diphenylmethane-4,4’-diisocyanate). The polyester polyols have been made from dimer acids obtained from renewable sources and short chain diols. The polyols that were used presented different degrees of unsaturation. The influence of the different raw materials in the adhesives performance is studied. The polyurethanes were produced by reaction between quasi-stoichiometric quantities of polyol and MDI, at several temperatures. The reaction was carried under inert atmosphere and at temperatures below 100°C. Performance of the adhesives was tested by carrying adhesion, hardness and water absorption tests. Characterization of both the polyester polyols and polyurethane adhesives was carried by Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC), Magnetic Nuclear Resonance (NMR), X-Ray Diffraction (WAXD), Scanning RMN Imaging of 1H of Stray- Field b (MRI) and Brookfield viscometry.
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Gunatillake, Pathiraja A., Darren J. Martin, Gordon F. Meijs, Simon J. McCarthy, and Raju Adhikari. "Designing Biostable Polyurethane Elastomers for Biomedical Implants." Australian Journal of Chemistry 56, no. 6 (2003): 545. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ch02168.

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The chemical structure, synthesis, morphology, and properties of polyurethane elastomers are briefly discussed. The current understanding of the effect of chemical structure and the associated morphology on the stability of polyurethanes in the biological environments is reviewed. The degradation of conventional polyurethanes appears as surface or deep cracking, stiffening, and deterioration of mechanical properties, such as flex-fatigue resistance. Polyester and poly(tetramethylene oxide) based polyurethanes degrade by hydrolytic and oxidative degradation of ester and ether functional groups, respectively. The recent approaches to develop polyurethanes with improved long-term biostability are based on developing novel polyether, hydrocarbon, polycarbonate, and siloxane macrodiols to replace degradation-prone polyester and polyether macrodiols in polyurethane formulations. The new approaches are discussed with respect to synthesis, properties and biostability based on reported in vivo studies. Among the newly developed materials, siloxane-based polyurethanes have exhibited excellent biostability and are expected to find many applications in biomedical implants.
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Rutkowska, Maria. "Polyester polyurethane ionomers." Journal of Applied Polymer Science 31, no. 5 (April 1986): 1469–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1986.070310528.

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Nakajima-Kambe, T., Y. Shigeno-Akutsu, N. Nomura, F. Onuma, and T. Nakahara. "Microbial degradation of polyurethane, polyester polyurethanes and polyether polyurethanes." Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology 51, no. 2 (February 25, 1999): 134–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002530051373.

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Chen, Hao, Hai Jun Zhou, De Ju Liu, and Yan Tao Li. "The Effect of Polyester Structures on the Damping Property of Polyurethane Elastomers." Advanced Materials Research 581-582 (October 2012): 710–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.581-582.710.

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Polyurethane elastomers (PU) based on polyester, TDI-100 and MOCA were synthesized by two step method. The polyurethane elastomers were investigated by infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), atomic force microscope (AFM) and dynamic thermal mechanical analyses (DMA). The results show that the structure of polyester plays an important role in polyurethane damping materials. When the polyester contains more side methyl groups, the polyurethane material has high damping properties (tan δ) and wide damping zones. So the polyurethane damping property can be improved by choosing polyester with appropriate structure.
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Zheng, Qin, Shuling Gong, Haiqing Dong, and Yuanyin Chen. "Calix[4]arenes Used as a New Type of Chain Extender in the Preparation of Polyurethanes." Australian Journal of Chemistry 60, no. 3 (2007): 167. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ch06387.

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A series of polyether– or polyester–polyurethanes based on tetrahydrofuran–propylene oxide copolyether diol (PTMG/PPG) or poly(ethylene terephthalate) diol (PET), toluene diisocyanate (TDI), and three kinds of chain extenders including two calix[4]arene derivatives and 3,3´-dichloro-4,4´-diaminodiphenylmethane (MOCA) were synthesized in toluene. The thermal stability and mechanical properties of solvent-type polyurethanes were investigated. Incorporation of calixarenes into polyurethane backbones improved the thermal properties of the polyurethane as a result of the residual phenol hydroxy groups of the calix[4]arene units. Compared with polyurethane chain-extended by MOCA, the polyurethanes with calix[4]arene derivatives had higher elongation at break, lower elastic modulus, and lower yield strength, as a result of the larger steric cubage of calix[4]arene units and relatively large free volume of the polymer.
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Schmidt, Juliane, Ren Wei, Thorsten Oeser, Lukas Dedavid e Silva, Daniel Breite, Agnes Schulze, and Wolfgang Zimmermann. "Degradation of Polyester Polyurethane by Bacterial Polyester Hydrolases." Polymers 9, no. 12 (February 16, 2017): 65. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym9020065.

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Zhu, Chun Liu, Can Tao, Jun Jie Bao, Yi Ping Huang, and Ge Wen Xu. "Waterborne Polyurethane Used as Binders for Lithium-Ion Battery with Improved Electrochemical Properties." Advanced Materials Research 1090 (February 2015): 199–204. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1090.199.

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LiFePO4based Lithium-ion batteries are prepared by nonionic waterborne polyurethane with different soft segments which act as binder. FTIR is used to characterize the structure of waterborne polyurethanes .The emulsion viscosity, mechanical properties of films are measured. The result shows that, the emulsion viscosity and tensile strength of polyurethane based polyether glycol are smaller than polyurethane based polyester. Charge-discharge, cycle performance and AC impedance spectroscopy measurement indicat that the first charge-discharge efficiency is 92%, the biggest discharge capacity is 115 mAh/g for lithium-ion batteries based on waterborne polyurethane as adhesive which equaled to PVDF, the batteries have a good cycle performance and high cycle efficiency and the impedance of batteries are small than PVDF.
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Xu, Tingting, Cuifeng Zhang, and Lijun Chen. "Synthesis and characterisation of heatproof polyester polyols used in polyurethane adhesive." Pigment & Resin Technology 45, no. 6 (November 7, 2016): 439–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/prt-11-2015-0109.

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Purpose Presently, a wide range of polyurethane adhesives can be obtained using different kinds of polyols and isocyanates. However, the applied temperature of the polyurethane adhesive is not more than 80°C. The film of polyurethane adhesive will be softened and deformed when its applied temperature is more than 100°C. Thus, the mechanical property of the polyurethane adhesive is decreased clearly, which limits its further application. The purpose of the study is to improve the heat resistance of polyols, especially polyester polyols and its resultant polyurethane adhesives. Design/methodology/approach The more rigid benzene ring is introduced into the polyester polyols to improve the heat resistance of its resultant polyurethane adhesive. Findings The more rigid benzene ring has ben introduced into the polyester polyols and the heat resistance of its resultant polyurethane adhesive is improved. Originality/value The polyester polyols with more rigid benzene ring have been prepared successfully by the vacuum melting method when diethylene glycol, neopentyl glycol, 1,6-hexanediol, ethanediol, isophthalic acid, terephthalic acid, sebacic acid and adipic acid are used as raw materials and tetra-isopropyl titanate is adopted as the catalyst.
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Kay, M. J., L. H. G. Morton, and E. L. Prince. "Bacterial degradation of polyester polyurethane." International Biodeterioration 27, no. 2 (January 1991): 205–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0265-3036(91)90012-g.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Polyester polyurethane"

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Schmidt, Juliane, Ren Wei, Thorsten Oeser, e. Silva Lukas Andre Dedavid, Daniel Breite, Agnes Schulze, and Wolfgang Zimmermann. "Degradation of Polyester Polyurethane by Bacterial Polyester Hydrolases." Universität Leipzig, 2017. https://ul.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A21100.

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Polyurethanes (PU) are widely used synthetic polymers. The growing amount of PU used industrially has resulted in a worldwide increase of plastic wastes. The related environmental pollution as well as the limited availability of the raw materials based on petrochemicals requires novel solutions for their efficient degradation and recycling. The degradation of the polyester PU Impranil DLN by the polyester hydrolases LC cutinase (LCC), TfCut2, Tcur1278 and Tcur0390 was analyzed using a turbidimetric assay. The highest hydrolysis rates were obtained with TfCut2 and Tcur0390. TfCut2 also showed a significantly higher substrate affinity for Impranil DLN than the other three enzymes, indicated by a higher adsorption constant K. Significant weight losses of the solid thermoplastic polyester PU (TPU) Elastollan B85A-10 and C85A-10 were detected as a result of the enzymatic degradation by all four polyester hydrolases. Within a reaction time of 200 h at 70 °C, LCC caused weight losses of up to 4.9% and 4.1% of Elastollan B85A-10 and C85A-10, respectively. Gel permeation chromatography confirmed a preferential degradation of the larger polymer chains. Scanning electron microscopy revealed cracks at the surface of the TPU cubes as a result of enzymatic surface erosion. Analysis by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy indicated that the observed weight losses were a result of the cleavage of ester bonds of the polyester TPU.
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Kay, Martin John. "Microbial degradation of polyester polyurethane." Thesis, University of Central Lancashire, 1992. http://clok.uclan.ac.uk/20311/.

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During the course of these studies, polyester polyurethane foam has been found to be readily degraded in soil and marine environments. The incorporation of the formulation biocide Vinyzene E.P. reduced the rate and extent of degradation in test material exposed to soil conditions, but was found to be ineffective in preventing degradation when exposed to the marine environment. As a result of these studies, a number of fungi, representing a range of genera, have been isolated, identified, and shown using Kochian principles to degrade polyester polyurethane as a sole source of carbon. A list of isolates is submitted. In addition, a number of bacteria, hitherto unreported as deteriogens of polyester polyurethane, have been isolated and also shown, again using Kochian principles, to degrade polyester polyurethane. In order to effect degradation, the bacteria were found to require supplementation of the basal mineral salts medium with non-defined, complex sources of organic nitrogen, such as yeast extract. Chemical analysis of degraded test material, using FT-IR spectroscopy has provided evidence to suggest that the ester linkage of the polymer was hydrolysed during degradation by a bacterial isolate studied, resulting in marked reductions in the physical properties recorded. No degradation, either in terms of chemical composition or in the physical properties of the polymer was recorded where the test material was inoculated with this isolate in a mineral salts medium supplemented with glucose, suggesting that the enzymes involved in the degradation process were catabolically suppressed and therefore inducible. Extracellular esterase enzyme activity was detected in cellfree supernatants where the mineral salts medium was supplemented with yeast extract, but not in the case where glucose was used. However the addition of the test material did not enhance the level of esterase activity detected. Purification/concentration of these enzymes and characterisation studies using gel filtration chromatography, SDS-PAGE and PAGE were found to support these findings. The results of the present studies suggest that the test material was degraded by the bacterial isolate as a result of co-metabolism.
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Pavlova, Ewa. "Hyperbranched polyesters for polyurethane coatings: their preparation, structure and crosslinking with polyisocyanates." Doctoral thesis, Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden, 2007. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:swb:14-1172267166280-42303.

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In this work, hyperbranched aromatic polyesters-polyphenols based on 4,4-bis(4’ hydroxy¬phenyl)pentanoic acid (BHPPA) were prepared and, according to the authors knowledge, for the first time tested as precursors for polyurethane bulk resins and coatings. Comparison of poly-BHPPA with competing products The materials prepared in this work show better properties than their aliphatic polyester-polyol analoga based on 2,2-bis-(hydroxymethyl)propanoic acid (BHMPA). Especially, the solubility of poly-BHPPA in organic solvents is better and poly-BHPPAs also do not tend to microphase separation during their reaction with isocyanates, in contrast to poly-BHMPAs. The poly-BHPPA and the polyurethane networks made from them display higher Tg values than analogous poly- BHMPA compounds. Because of the high Tg of the reacting and final systems, curing must occur at elevated temperatures (90°C) in order to avoid undercure. The lower reactivity of phenolic OH groups prevents the reaction from being too fast at that temperature. A drawback of the polyurethanes based on the aromatic polyesters-polyols prepared is the lower thermal stability of their urethane bonds, if compared to aliphatic urethanes. An interesting possibility for future investigations would be the modification of the BHPPA monomer in order to change the OH functionality from phenolic to aliphatic OH, e.g. by replacement of the phenolic OH by hydroxymethyl or hydroxyethyl groups (requires a strong modification of the monomer synthesis) or simpler by reacting the phenolic OH of BHPPA with a suitable reagent like oxirane, which would lead to groups like O-CH2-CH2-OH in the place of the phenolic OH. Such a BHPPA modification should in turn yield modified “poly-BHPPA” polycondensates, which would combine the advantages of poly-BHPPA with those of aliphatic OH precursors of polyurethanes. Poly-BHPPA synthesis Hyperbranched polymers of the 4,4-bis-(4’-hydroxyphenyl)pentanoic acid (BHPPA) were synthesized successfully by the catalyzed (by dibutyltin diacetate) polycondensation of BHPPA. The products obtained were oligomers with number average molecular weight ranging from 1800 to 3400 g/mol (polymerization degree of ca. 6 to 12), displaying a first moment of functionality in the range 7 to 14. Such products were good OH precursors for the preparation of polyurethane coatings, because higher functional polymers would gel at low conversions. The analysis of the functional groups (determination of acid and hydroxyl numbers) and the 1H-NMR and the 13C-NMR spectroscopy were found to be good methods for the determination of molecular weights. The polydispersity of the poly-BHPPA products was in the range 3.5 to 6. Their degree of branching was found to be in the range 0.36 to 0.47. Poly-BHPPA containing aliphatic polyols as core monomers were also prepared successfully. Difunctional and trifunctional core monomers usually reached a full conversion of their OH groups, while the tetra- and hexafunctional core monomers were converted only to 89%. In all these products however, a considerable amount, usually even a majority, of the polymer molecules were core free. The poly-BHPPA products prepared displayed relatively high glass transition temperatures, in the range of 84°C to 114°C, obviously due to interactions between the phenol groups and to hydrogen bridging. The thermal stability of these products was also high, with decomposition occurring near 350°C (at a heating rate of 10°C / min) Kinetics investigations of the poly-BHPPA reactivity towards isocyanates The poly-BHPPA are polyphenols and were expectedly found to react significantly slower with isocyanates than aliphatic alcohols. The reactivity of poly BHPPA was also found to be somewhat lower than that of the monofunctional, low molar-mass 4 ethylphenol. Hexamethylene diisocyanate trimer, Desmodur N3300, was found to be more reactive than hexamethylene diisocyanate (HDI) or butyl isocyanate in all experiments, possibly due to a substitution effect. The substitution effect can be explained by a change of microenvironment caused by conversion of isocyanate group and OH group into urethane groups. The reactions of low-molecular-mass alcohols or phenols with low molecular weight isocyanates followed well the 2nd order kinetics, while the reactions of poly-BHPPA with isocyanates show deviations from ideal 2nd order kinetics at higher conversions. All the kinetics experiments were carried out under catalysis by dibutyltin dilaurate. This catalyst inhibits the undesired reaction of isocyanate groups with moisture. It was also found that the catalysis was necessary to reach reasonable curing times for poly-BHPPA based polyurethane networks. The uncatalyzed systems reacted extremely slowly. Preparation of polyurethane networks from poly-BHPPA The poly BHPPA products prepared were used successfully as OH functional precursors of polyurethane networks. The networks prepared contained only very low sol fractions. Acetone and also ethylene diglycol dimethylether (diglyme) were found to be good swelling solvents for the networks prepared, while methyl propyl ketone was a much poorer solvent and aromatic compounds like toluene or xylene practically did not swell the poly BHPPA based polyurethanes. The networks prepared contain a relatively high amount of cyclic bonds, 40 to 50% in the finally cured state, which is an expected result for systems with precursors of high functionality and with small distances between the functional groups. The temperature of glass transition (Tg) of the networks prepared (ranging from 68°C to 126°C) depends of the poly BHPPA precursor used: it increases with increasing molecular mass and with increasing core functionality. The choice of the isocyanate crosslinker also influences Tg: the networks made from HDI show higher Tg values, than networks made from the same poly BHPPA but crosslinked with Desmodur N3300 (Tri HDI). The urethane bonds in the networks prepared start to decompose near 140°C. The easier degradation of PU with aromatic urethane bonds is a disadvantage in comparison with aliphatic polyurethanes, whose decomposition starts at 200°C. The surfaces of polyurethane coatings prepared are smooth, displaying a roughness of ca. 20-25 nm, and relatively hydrophilic: the contact angle with water was found to be near 80°. The prepared networks are also relatively hard, possessing the Shore D hardness of 70.
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Pavlova, Ewa. "Hyperbranched polyesters for polyurethane coatings: their preparation, structure and crosslinking with polyisocyanates." Doctoral thesis, Technische Universität Dresden, 2006. https://tud.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A24962.

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In this work, hyperbranched aromatic polyesters-polyphenols based on 4,4-bis(4’ hydroxy¬phenyl)pentanoic acid (BHPPA) were prepared and, according to the authors knowledge, for the first time tested as precursors for polyurethane bulk resins and coatings. Comparison of poly-BHPPA with competing products The materials prepared in this work show better properties than their aliphatic polyester-polyol analoga based on 2,2-bis-(hydroxymethyl)propanoic acid (BHMPA). Especially, the solubility of poly-BHPPA in organic solvents is better and poly-BHPPAs also do not tend to microphase separation during their reaction with isocyanates, in contrast to poly-BHMPAs. The poly-BHPPA and the polyurethane networks made from them display higher Tg values than analogous poly- BHMPA compounds. Because of the high Tg of the reacting and final systems, curing must occur at elevated temperatures (90°C) in order to avoid undercure. The lower reactivity of phenolic OH groups prevents the reaction from being too fast at that temperature. A drawback of the polyurethanes based on the aromatic polyesters-polyols prepared is the lower thermal stability of their urethane bonds, if compared to aliphatic urethanes. An interesting possibility for future investigations would be the modification of the BHPPA monomer in order to change the OH functionality from phenolic to aliphatic OH, e.g. by replacement of the phenolic OH by hydroxymethyl or hydroxyethyl groups (requires a strong modification of the monomer synthesis) or simpler by reacting the phenolic OH of BHPPA with a suitable reagent like oxirane, which would lead to groups like O-CH2-CH2-OH in the place of the phenolic OH. Such a BHPPA modification should in turn yield modified “poly-BHPPA” polycondensates, which would combine the advantages of poly-BHPPA with those of aliphatic OH precursors of polyurethanes. Poly-BHPPA synthesis Hyperbranched polymers of the 4,4-bis-(4’-hydroxyphenyl)pentanoic acid (BHPPA) were synthesized successfully by the catalyzed (by dibutyltin diacetate) polycondensation of BHPPA. The products obtained were oligomers with number average molecular weight ranging from 1800 to 3400 g/mol (polymerization degree of ca. 6 to 12), displaying a first moment of functionality in the range 7 to 14. Such products were good OH precursors for the preparation of polyurethane coatings, because higher functional polymers would gel at low conversions. The analysis of the functional groups (determination of acid and hydroxyl numbers) and the 1H-NMR and the 13C-NMR spectroscopy were found to be good methods for the determination of molecular weights. The polydispersity of the poly-BHPPA products was in the range 3.5 to 6. Their degree of branching was found to be in the range 0.36 to 0.47. Poly-BHPPA containing aliphatic polyols as core monomers were also prepared successfully. Difunctional and trifunctional core monomers usually reached a full conversion of their OH groups, while the tetra- and hexafunctional core monomers were converted only to 89%. In all these products however, a considerable amount, usually even a majority, of the polymer molecules were core free. The poly-BHPPA products prepared displayed relatively high glass transition temperatures, in the range of 84°C to 114°C, obviously due to interactions between the phenol groups and to hydrogen bridging. The thermal stability of these products was also high, with decomposition occurring near 350°C (at a heating rate of 10°C / min) Kinetics investigations of the poly-BHPPA reactivity towards isocyanates The poly-BHPPA are polyphenols and were expectedly found to react significantly slower with isocyanates than aliphatic alcohols. The reactivity of poly BHPPA was also found to be somewhat lower than that of the monofunctional, low molar-mass 4 ethylphenol. Hexamethylene diisocyanate trimer, Desmodur N3300, was found to be more reactive than hexamethylene diisocyanate (HDI) or butyl isocyanate in all experiments, possibly due to a substitution effect. The substitution effect can be explained by a change of microenvironment caused by conversion of isocyanate group and OH group into urethane groups. The reactions of low-molecular-mass alcohols or phenols with low molecular weight isocyanates followed well the 2nd order kinetics, while the reactions of poly-BHPPA with isocyanates show deviations from ideal 2nd order kinetics at higher conversions. All the kinetics experiments were carried out under catalysis by dibutyltin dilaurate. This catalyst inhibits the undesired reaction of isocyanate groups with moisture. It was also found that the catalysis was necessary to reach reasonable curing times for poly-BHPPA based polyurethane networks. The uncatalyzed systems reacted extremely slowly. Preparation of polyurethane networks from poly-BHPPA The poly BHPPA products prepared were used successfully as OH functional precursors of polyurethane networks. The networks prepared contained only very low sol fractions. Acetone and also ethylene diglycol dimethylether (diglyme) were found to be good swelling solvents for the networks prepared, while methyl propyl ketone was a much poorer solvent and aromatic compounds like toluene or xylene practically did not swell the poly BHPPA based polyurethanes. The networks prepared contain a relatively high amount of cyclic bonds, 40 to 50% in the finally cured state, which is an expected result for systems with precursors of high functionality and with small distances between the functional groups. The temperature of glass transition (Tg) of the networks prepared (ranging from 68°C to 126°C) depends of the poly BHPPA precursor used: it increases with increasing molecular mass and with increasing core functionality. The choice of the isocyanate crosslinker also influences Tg: the networks made from HDI show higher Tg values, than networks made from the same poly BHPPA but crosslinked with Desmodur N3300 (Tri HDI). The urethane bonds in the networks prepared start to decompose near 140°C. The easier degradation of PU with aromatic urethane bonds is a disadvantage in comparison with aliphatic polyurethanes, whose decomposition starts at 200°C. The surfaces of polyurethane coatings prepared are smooth, displaying a roughness of ca. 20-25 nm, and relatively hydrophilic: the contact angle with water was found to be near 80°. The prepared networks are also relatively hard, possessing the Shore D hardness of 70.
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Wang, Kuan-Jong. "Reactive processing of polyureas and polyurethane-polyester hybrids /." The Ohio State University, 1989. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1487670346877346.

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Wang, Xiaojiang. "Polyester Based Hybrid Organic Coatings." University of Akron / OhioLINK, 2012. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=akron1340906197.

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Gong, Caiguo. "Linear, Branched and Crosslinked Polymers, Polyesters, Polyurethanes and Polymethacrylates Derived From Rotaxane Formation: Syntheses and Properties." Diss., Virginia Tech, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/11134.

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As new family of composite materials, polyrotaxanes, polymers containing rotaxane units, have interested scientists world wide in last few decades because of their new properties. Crown ethers have been widely used as the cyclic component in various polyrotaxanes. However, due to significant loss of threaded cyclic during polymerization, the driving force for threading remains unidentified. To prevent threaded cyclics from slipping off the backbone during polycondensation, a diol blocking group (BG) and a diacid chloride BG were prepared and incorporated into polyesters as monomers or comonomers. Using these BG's effectively reduced or prevented dethreading and thus indeed increased threading efficiency (m/n, average number of cyclics per repeat unit). The study also brought about new evidences for the formation of the polyrotaxanes, i.e., the hydrolytic recovery of threaded crown ether, different chemical shift of the threaded cyclic from the free species and nuclear Overhauser effect spectroscopy (NOESY) correlation. The threading efficiencies increased with lower polymerization temperature and increasing feed ratio of the cyclic vs. diol monomer. H-bonding between the crown ether and the OH groups of the diol monomers was identified as the driving force for threading and detailed threading and dethreading mechanisms were revealed. Co-polyurethane rotaxanes were also prepared by polymerization of diol BG, tetra(ethylene glycol) and 4,4'-methylenebis(p-phenyl isocyanate) (MDI) using 30C10 as solvent. Compared to that with the polyester backbone, dethreading was slower with the polyurethane because of H-bonding of the threaded cyclics with the in-chain NH groups. Interestingly, as proved by proton NMR spectra, the cyclics were locked at the NH sites in chloroform but pushed away from the site in DMSO. Thus these polyurethane rotaxanes were solvent switchable molecular shuttles with controlled microstructures. Based on H-bonding theory, a new method for the preparation of polyrotaxanes, a melt threading process, was demonstrated by threading "42C14" onto a preformed polyurethanes. The properties of the resulting polyurethane rotaxanes depended on threading efficiency (m/n): the higher m/n was, the lower the Tg was but the higher the intrinsic viscosity was. Novel topological polymers, mechanically-linked branched and crosslinked poly(methyl methacrylate)s were synthesized by pendant group modification of a preformed poly(methacryloyl chloride) with 5-hydroxymethyl-1,3-phenylene-1,3-phenylene-32-crown-10 (hydroxymethyl BMP32C10). The rotaxane structure was directly proved by NOESY. The polycondensation of di(hydroxymethyl)-BMP32C10, tetra(ethylene glycol) and MDI afforded similar mechanically-linked polyurethanes. The branching points were manifested by the complexation of the polyurethane with paraquat. The polydispersities (PDI) and topologies (linear, branched and crosslinked) of these polymers were simply controlled by the polymerization conditions; this will ultimately afford polymers with different processibility (melt viscosity) and mechanical properties, e.g., the slippage of the cyclics along the backbone ensures a higher elongation. The complexation between a preformed polymeric crown ether and paraquat afforded a novel class of main chain polyrotaxanes. The continuous titration method afforded accurate estimates of the equilibrium constant, enthalpy and entropy changes and thus polyrotaxanes with certain m/n can be simply designed. Compared to the starting polymers, polyrotaxanes had higher viscosity, higher glass transition temperature and different solubilities. A concept for the preparation of reversible branched and/or crosslinked homo- or co-polymers was invented, which was demonstrated by preparation of a reversibly branched polymer by self-assembly of a preformed polymeric crown ether and a polyurethane bearing paraquat moieties. This concept can be applied to increase the compatibility and the interfacial interaction for polymer blends and construct reversible networks. The present work is supported by the Division of Materials Research, National Science Foundation, through individual investigator grant DMR-93-20196.
Ph. D.
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Chou, Ying-Cheng. "Structure formation and properties of polyurethane-unsaturated polyester interpenetrating polymer /." The Ohio State University, 1993. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1487843314694815.

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Barbara, Imane. "Synthèse de polymères macroporeux par polymérisation par étape en émulsion concentrée." Thesis, Bordeaux, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018BORD0045/document.

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Les polyHIPEs sont des matériaux cellulaires obtenus par polymérisation d’émulsions concentrées appelées HIPEs « High Internal Phase Emulsions ». La phase continue de l’émulsion contenant les monomères est le siège de la polymérisation permettant la création de la matrice solide. La phase dispersée engendre la porosité. Les matériaux polyHIPEs sont généralement synthétisés par polymérisation radicalaire. La variété des monomères utilisables est donc ainsi limitée. La majorité des polymères à haute performances étant obtenus par polycondensation, il serait d’un grand intérêt d’élargir la gamme des matériaux poreux de type polyHIPEs disponibles en utilisant cette technique. L’objectif de ce travail consiste à synthétiser des matériaux polyHIPEs obtenus par polycondensation ou polyaddition et à les caractériser. Réaliser une réaction de polymérisation par étape au sein d’une émulsion concentrée représente un vrai défi car ce type de réaction requiert généralement des conditions opératoires peu compatibles avec la stabilité des émulsions concentrées. Dans le cadre de ce travail, nous nous sommes intéressés à la synthèse de polyHIPEs de type polyuréthane et polyester. L’homogénéité de la morphologie de ces matériaux a été étudiée en faisant varier un certain nombre de paramètres tels que : la nature de l’émulsion (aqueuse ou non-aqueuse, stabilisée par des tensioactifs ou des particules), la nature des catalyseurs et les techniques de polymérisation. Ce travail a permis d’accéder pour la première fois à des matériaux polyHIPEs de type polyuréthane et polyester. Les résultats obtenus ouvrent la voie au développement dans ce domaine
PolyHIPEs are cellular materials obtained by polymerization within HIPEs « High Internal Phase Emulsions ». The polymerization occurs in the continuous phase of the emulsion allowing the creation of a solid matrix. The dispersed phase induces the porosity. PolyHIPEs are generally obtained by free-radical polymerization which restricts the choice of monomers. The majority of high performance polymers are obtained by polycondensation therefore it will be a great interest to enhance the variety of polyHIPEs available by using this technique. The objective of this work consists to synthetize polyHIPEs using polycondensation or polyaddition. Performing a step-growth polymerization within emulsion is a great challenge because this kind of reaction requires conditions generally incompatible with the stability of HIPEs. In the context of this work, we focused on the synthesis of polyurethane and polyester polyHIPEs. The homogeneity of the morphology of the materials was studied by varying several parameters, such: the nature of the emulsion (aqueous or non-aqueous, stabilized by surfactants or particles), the nature of the catalysts and the polymerization techniques. This work opens the access for the first time to polyurethane and polyester polyHIPEs. The results obtained are a starting point for further development in this field
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Vitkauskienė, Irena. "Chemical recycling of industrial poly(ethylene terephthalate) waste: synthesis of aromatic polyester polyols, their properties and use." Doctoral thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2011. http://vddb.laba.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2011~D_20110920_152312-50729.

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In this study, the generation points, reasons and properties of industrial PET waste were examined in detail. Different chemical recycling ways were suggested for each kind of industrial PET waste. Under glycolysis of industrial PET waste by ethylene glycol, the yield of the main product bis(2-hidroxyethylene) terephthalate was higher than 85 %. Several series of aromatic polyester polyols (APP) were synthesized by transesterification of industrial PET waste using diethyleneglycol (DEG) in the presence of functional additives glycerol (GL) or/and adipic acid (ADA). The effect of functional additives on transesterification process and viscosity of APP was thoroughly studied and mathematically described for the first time. APP synthesized by transesterification of industrial PET waste using DEG in the presence of ADA and/or GL fragments, had lower crystallinity and were much more stable during storage at room temperature. Viscosity of APP slightly depended on the catalyst type and its concentration. Polyurethane-polyisocyanurate (PU-PIR) foams were produced under the reaction of APP and an excess of diisocyanate. PU-PIR foams based on PET-waste-derived APP containing fragments of GL or/and ADA were characterized by excellent physical-mechanical properties, high thermal stability, low heat release and smoke production. The burning test confirmed that PU-PIR foams satisfied the requirements for class E of construction products and building elements.
Šiame darbe nuodugniai ištirtos gamybinių polietilentereftalato (PET) atliekų susidarymo vietos, priežastys bei jų savybės. Pasiūlyti skirtingi cheminio perdirbimo būdai ir sąlygos kiekvienai gamybinių PET atliekų rūšiai. Vykdant gamybinių PET atliekų glikolizę etilenglikoliu, pasiekta didesnė negu 85 % bis(2-hidroksietilen)tereftalatо išeiga. Peresterinant gamybines PET atliekas dietilenglikoliu (DEG) ir naudojant funkcinius priedus glicerolį (GL) ir/arba adipo rūgštį (ADR), susintetinta serija aromatinių poliesterpoliolių (APP), besiskiriančių savo klampa ir kitomis savybėmis. Pirmą kartą nuodugniai ištirta ir matematiškai aprašyta peresterinimo reakcijos mišinyje esančių funkcinių priedų įtaka APP klampai. APP, susintetinti peresterinant gamybines PET atliekas DEG ir turintys ADR ir/arba GL fragmentų, yra mažai linkę kristalintis ir stabilūs saugant juos kambario temperatūroje. APP klampa mažai priklauso nuo metaloorganinio katalizatoriaus cheminės sudėties ir jo koncentracijos. Naudojant PET peresterinimo metu gautus APP ir diizocianato perteklių, susintetintos poliuretano-poliizocianurato (PU-PIR) putos. Putos, gautos iš APP, kuriuose yra GL ir/arba ADR fragmentų, pasižymi geromis fizikomechaninėmis savybėmis ir dideliu terminiu stabilumu, joms degant išsiskiria mažesnis šilumos ir dūmų kiekis. Atliekant degumo bandymus nustatyta, kad PU-PIR putos atitinka reikalavimus, taikomus Е klasės statybinėms konstrukcijoms ir elementams.
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Books on the topic "Polyester polyurethane"

1

Levin, Barbara C. A summary of the NBS literature reviews on the chemical nature and toxicity of the pyrolysis and combustion products from seven plastics: Acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrenes (ABS), nylons, polyesters, polyethylenes, polystyrenes, poly(vinyl chlorides), and rigid polyurethane foams. Gaithersburg, Md: U.S. Dept. of Commerce, National Bureau of Standards, 1986.

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(Editor), Henri Ulrich, ed. Reaction Polymers: Polyurethanes, Epoxies, Unsaturated Polyesters, Phenolics, Special Monomers and Additives : Chemistry, Technology, Applications,. Hanser Gardner Publications, 1992.

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F, Gum Wilson, Riese Wolfram, and Ulrich Henri 1925-, eds. Reaction polymers: Polyurethanes, epoxies, unsaturated polyesters, phenolics, special monomers, and additives : chemistry, technology, applications, markets. Munich: Hanser Publishers, 1992.

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Ulrich, Henri, etc. (Ed.), ed. Reaction Polymers: Polyurethanes, Epoxies, Unsaturated Polyesters, Phenolics, Special Monomers and Additives - Chemistry, Properties, Applications, Markets. C.Hanser,Germany, 1991.

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Gum. Reaction Polymers: Polyurethanes, Epoxies, Unsaturated Polyesters, Phenolics, Special Monomers, and Additives Chemistry, Technology, Applications, Markets (Hanser Publishers). Oxford University Press, USA, 1992.

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Book chapters on the topic "Polyester polyurethane"

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Bradshaw, R. L., and S. J. Falcone. "Polyester-Polyurethane Interactions with Chromium Dioxide." In Polymers in Information Storage Technology, 385–405. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-0843-0_29.

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Pionteck, J., and M. Pyda. "pVT Data of Polyester Based Polyurethane." In Part 2: Thermodynamic Properties – pVT-Data and Thermal Properties, 181–82. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-41542-5_32.

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Harlin, Ali. "Biogenic Precursors for Polyphenol, Polyester and Polyurethane Resins." In Handbook of Bioplastics and Biocomposites Engineering Applications, 511–53. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118203699.ch18.

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Chou, Y. C., and L. J. Lee. "Kinetic, Rheological, and Morphological Changes of Polyurethane—Unsaturated Polyester Interpenetrating Polymer Networks." In Interpenetrating Polymer Networks, 305–31. Washington, DC: American Chemical Society, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ba-1994-0239.ch015.

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Murphy, J. J., M. Patel, A. R. Skinner, and P. F. Smith. "Modelling Radiation Damage in Polyurethane Materials Based Upon Polyester Polyols and Methylenediphenyldiisocyanate Formulations." In Ageing Studies and Lifetime Extension of Materials, 341–46. Boston, MA: Springer US, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-1215-8_36.

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Dekui, Xu, Wang Fengshan, Lin Zhongchao, Sun Jiang, Jason Ren, Li Qingzhong, Zheng Bing, and Wang Qisheng. "Experimental Study on a Water-Soluble Rubber Cylinder Based on Thermosetting Polyester Polyurethane Popolymer." In Springer Series in Geomechanics and Geoengineering, 1783–92. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-0761-5_168.

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Steiner, G., and C. Zimmerer. "Thermoplastic Polyurethanes-co-Polyester." In Polymer Solids and Polymer Melts – Definitions and Physical Properties I, 479–85. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-32072-9_44.

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Drobny, J. "Properties of Polyester-Based Polyurethanes." In Specialty Thermoplastics, 151–53. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-46419-9_40.

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Akbari, Morteza, and Reza Najjar. "Reactive and Functional Polyesters and Polyurethanes." In Reactive and Functional Polymers Volume One, 157–94. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-43403-8_8.

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Gandini, Alessandro, Mohamed Naceur Belgacem, Zhao-Xia Guo, and Suzelei Montanari. "Lignins as Macromonomers for Polyesters and Polyurethanes." In Chemical Modification, Properties, and Usage of Lignin, 57–80. Boston, MA: Springer US, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-0643-0_4.

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Conference papers on the topic "Polyester polyurethane"

1

Enoki, S., T. Tsujitan, and J. Yamashita. "Compression property of waste polyurethane rubber/unsaturated polyester composite cubes." In CMEM 2011. Southampton, UK: WIT Press, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.2495/cmem110331.

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Quan, H., L. Wan, and G. F. Wan. "Micro-phase separation structure of nonionic polyether-polyester polyurethane based on MDI." In 2015 International Conference on Power Electronics and Energy Engineering. Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/peee-15.2015.12.

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Chavez-Garcia, Dalia, Ruben Chanes, and Mario Guzman. "Mechanical Adherence Analysis Of Polyurethane And Polyester Commercial Coatings Over Alder Wood." In The 19th LACCEI International Multi-Conference for Engineering, Education, and Technology: “Prospective and trends in technology and skills for sustainable social development” “Leveraging emerging technologies to construct the future”. Latin American and Caribbean Consortium of Engineering Institutions, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.18687/laccei2021.1.1.468.

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Stan, Felicia, Nicoleta-Violeta Stanciu, Adriana-Madalina Constantinescu, and Catalin Fetecau. "3D Printing of Flexible and Stretchable Parts Using Multiwall Carbon Nanotubes/Polyester-Based Thermoplastic Polyurethane." In ASME 2020 15th International Manufacturing Science and Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/msec2020-8428.

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Abstract This paper reports on the 3D printing of flexible and stretchable parts based on multiwall carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs)/polyester-based thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) nanocomposites. The rheological properties of the MWCNT/TPU nanocomposites with different wt.% of MWCNTs (0.1–3) were determined and used as guidance for the extrusion and 3D printing processes. MWCNT/TPU filaments were extruded and used for 3D printing of different flexible and stretchable parts. The mechanical, electrical, and piezoresistive response of the MWCNT/TPU nanocomposite filaments and 3D printed parts under static and monotonic loading was studied. The experimental results show that with increasing temperature and shear rate, respectively, the shear viscosity of the MWCNT/TPU nanocomposite decreases, whereas the viscosity increases with increasing wt.% of MWCNTs. With the addition of MWCNTs, the elastic modulus and tensile strength of the feedstock filament all increase, enhancing the printability of TPU by increasing the buckling resistance and the stability of the 3D printed layer. The electrical conductivity of the 3D printed MWCNT/TPU nanocomposites increases with increasing wt.% of MWCNTs and exceeds the conductivity of the filaments. The 3D printed MWCNT/TPU nanocomposites with 3 wt.% show an electrical conductivity about 10 S/m, irrespective of the printing direction. Moreover, the 3D printed MWCNT/TPU nanocomposites exhibit good mechanical properties and high piezoresistive sensitivity with gauge factor (50–600) dependent on both strain and printing direction.
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Mohamed, M., R. R. Vuppalapati, S. Hawkins, K. Chandrashekhara, and T. Schuman. "Impact Characterization of Polyurethane Composites Manufactured Using Vacuum Assisted Resin Transfer Molding." In ASME 2012 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2012-88267.

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Glass fiber reinforced composites are finding various applications due to their high specific stiffness/strength, and corrosion resistance. Vacuum assisted resin transfer molding (VARTM) is one of the commonly used low cost composite manufacturing processes. Polyurethane (PU) resin system has been observed to have better mechanical properties and higher impact strength when compared to conventional resin systems such as polyester and vinyl ester. Until recently, PU could not be used in composite manufacturing processes such as VARTM due to its low pot life. In the present work, a thermoset PU resin systems with longer pot life developed by Bayer MaterialScience is used. Glass fiber reinforced PU composites have been manufactured using one part PU resin system. Performance evaluation was conducted on these composites using tensile, flexure and impact tests. Finite element simulation was conducted to validate the mechanical tests. Results showed that PU composites manufactured using novel thermoset PU resins and VARTM process will have significant applications in infrastructure and automotive industries.
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Maghfirah, Awan, Anneza P. Asmara, Perdinan Sinuhaji, and Eddy Marlianto. "Improving the characterization of polymer concrete based on coffee shell and pumice waste with mixture of polyester resin and polyurethane resin." In THE 1ST INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON PHYSICS AND APPLIED PHYSICS (THE 1ST ICP&AP) 2019: Fundamental and Innovative Research for Improving Competitive Dignified Nation and Industrial Revolution 4.0. AIP Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0003173.

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Judawisastra, Hermawan, Chairani Tiara Sayyu, and Dodi Ihsan Taufiq. "Improvement of flatwise compression properties on 10 mm thickness 3D woven glass fiber-polyester sandwich composite by means of polyurethane foam injection." In 1ST INTERNATIONAL SEMINAR ON ADVANCES IN METALLURGY AND MATERIALS (i-SENAMM 2019). AIP Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0016099.

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Wang, Haochuan. "Study of estane polyester/polyurethane block copolymer by use of 2D-IR and DMA-FTIR: Understanding of polymer rheology from molecular dynamics." In International symposium on two-dimensional correlation spectroscopy. AIP, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1302845.

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Abda, Syahrul, Bustami Syam, and Basuki Wirjosentono. "Physical, mechanical and morphological characteristics of unsaturated polyester-based polymeric foam composite containing oil palm empty fruit bunches fibre using polyurethane as blowing agent." In THE INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON CHEMICAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY (ICCST – 2020): Chemical Science and Technology Innovation for a Better Future. AIP Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0046615.

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Ewert, Kai, Stefan Schloter, Uwe Hofmann, K. Hoechstetter, Dietrich Haarer, and C. D. Eisenbach. "Polyurethanes and polyesters for photorefractive applications." In SPIE's International Symposium on Optical Science, Engineering, and Instrumentation, edited by Stephen Ducharme and James W. Stasiak. SPIE, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.328170.

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Reports on the topic "Polyester polyurethane"

1

Levin, Barbara C., Emil Braun, Joshua L. Gurman, and Maya Paabo. Comparison of the toxicity of the combustion products from a flexible polyurethane foam and a polyester fabric evaluated separately and together by the NBS toxicity test method and a cone radiant heater toxicity test apparatus. Gaithersburg, MD: National Bureau of Standards, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.6028/nbs.ir.86-3457.

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