Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Polyéthylène – Recyclage'
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Kallel-Kossentini, Tasnim. "Étude de mélanges PE/PS : contribution au recyclage." Lyon, INSA, 2003. http://theses.insa-lyon.fr/publication/2003ISAL0050/these.pdf.
Full textThe aim of the thesis is to study the effect of formulation and processing on the recycling of PE and PS blends with and without model pollutants. The study has both a technological and scientific approach devoted to study the effect of different tools for blending on morphologies and properties. Virgin resins were used with and without model pollutants that were chosen basing on the problems of recycling in the car industry. The pollutants were the major component of antifreezes (monoethylene glycol) and an oil for engines (Total Activa 7000, 10W40). It appears that traces of ethylene glycol are not desirable when recycling blends of polyolefins. On the other hand, the oil strongly improves the resistance to impact and the properties of PE/PS blends by playing the role of a plasticizer
Guy, Laurent. "Contribution au recyclage des polyéthylènes par une thermolyse ménagée en solution : contrôles, mécanismes et valorisation." Lyon 1, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997LYO10340.
Full textChaffraix, Vincent. "Etude de l'extrusion du polyéthylène térephtalate et de ses mélanges non-compatibilisés avec le polyéthylène haute densité : Application au recyclage." Paris, ENMP, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002ENMP1123.
Full textSonnier, Rodolphe. "Recyclage des pneus : incorporation de poudrette de pneus usagés dans une matrice polyéthylène." Montpellier 2, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006MON20206.
Full textDannoux, Morgane. "Recyclage chimique des polyesters par la voie extrusion réactive." Lyon 1, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001LYO10100.
Full textChaffraix, Vincent. "Étude de l'extrusion du polyéthylène térephtalate et de ses mélanges non-compatibilisés avec le polyéthylène haute densité." Phd thesis, École Nationale Supérieure des Mines de Paris, 2002. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00443716.
Full textSwoboda, Benjamin. "Amélioration du comportement au feu de PET et d'alliages PET/PC recyclés." Montpellier 2, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007MON20150.
Full textYazoghli-Marzouk, Sonia. "Contribution à la valorisation des emballages alimentaires de post-consommation en polyéthylène téréphtalate et en polyéthylène haute densité : Etude de faisabilité et évaluation des performances physico-mécaniques, hydriques et thermiques." Amiens, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005AMIE0527.
Full textFraïsse, Frédéric. "Etude du recyclage de mélanges PET/PC en vue de définir un procédé respectueux de l'environnement pour l'utilisation de profilés dans le bâtiment." Clermont-Ferrand 2, 2005. http://195.221.120.247/simclient/consultation/binaries/stream.asp?INSTANCE=UCFRSIM&eidmpa=DOCUMENTS_THESES_81.
Full textColomines, Gaël. "Recyclage chimique du polyéthylène téréphthalate (PET) par glycolyse : étude de la cristallinité des glycolysats et leurs applications." Montpellier 2, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006MON20020.
Full textThe depolymerization of polyethylene terephthalate (PET) using a diol as reagent (also called glycolysis) is one of the most often used chemical recycling method which is nowadays developed due to the increase of the PET waste amount coming from plastic bottles. The target of the thesis was to develop a new glycolysis method allowing the control of the crystallinity of the glycolysates in order to valorize them. In a first part, new glycolysates of PET were synthesized from oligoesters instead of diols to obtain the lower crystalline compounds. In a second part, the crystallinity of the different glycolysates was determined by optical microscopy under polarized light, DSC, rheology and quantified by X-ray analyses. These new amorphous glycolysates were then used in the preparation of polyurethane resins. Thermoplastic elastomers were also synthesized from crystalline glycolysates and from an aliphatic polyether and their dielectric properties were evaluated. Finally, the use of glycolysates as macroinitiator was explored in the synthesis of tribloc copolymers using atom transfer radical polymerization (A. T. R. P. )
Mbarek, Souad. "Valorisation par recyclage de poly(éthylène téréphtalate) en fin de vie : mélanges avec du polyéthylène ou du polycarbonate." Saint-Etienne, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008STET4013.
Full textThis research work deals with the recycling of poly(ethylene terephthalate) originating from post-consumption bottles of mineral water. The proposed method of recycling addresses the blending of poly(ethylene terephthalate) / polyethylene and poly(ethylene terephthalate) / polycarbonate. The elaboration of these materials by melt blending using twin screw extrusion was reviewed while trying to keep attractive mechanical properties and/or easy processing. The first part was devoted to the compatibilization methods of PET / polyolefins and PET / polycarbonate blends that are usually used and quoted in the literature. The second chapter concerned PET / HDPE blends compatibilized and not compatibilized with restriction to composition for which PET is the matrix. The compatibilizing effect of an E-GMA copolymer and its superiority with regards to an E-EA-GMA terpolymer for miscibility reasons is confirmed. Changing the order of incorporation of components drastically changes morphologies and mechanical properties. A special emphasis was brought to the fractionated crystallization as a quantitative means to analyze matrix-droplets morphologies. The effect of the molecular weight of the HDPE on the dispersion and properties of the blends shows evidence of competition between rheology and interfacial tension. The third chapter focuses on PET / PC blends with and without transesterification catalysts on the whole composition range. Various techniques agree to indicate a phase inversion point between 40 and 50 % of PET, with a larger zone of partial co-continuity zone. The reduced Van Gurp-Palmen plot was used to characterize the morphology of PET / PC blends. The compatibilization of these blends is more effective with acetyl-acetonate catalysts. The reduced Van Gurp-Palmen plots also indicate an enlargment in the co-continuity zone due to compatibilization. The results of elongation at break show that the addition of catalysts improves the ultimate properties of the PET / PC blends. The use of a more viscous polycarbonate leads to a coarser morphology with very distinct interfacial phenomena. The rheology of such blend becomes compatible with a processing by extrusion
Lusinchi, Jean-Marie. "Optimisation des propriétés des mélanges de polyéthylène térephtalate avec les polyoléfines et le PVC." Montpellier 2, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993MON20192.
Full textNaït-Ali, Kako Linda. "Le PET recyclé en emballages alimentaires : approche expérimentale et modélisation." Montpellier 2, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008MON20023.
Full textKarrad, Sahnoune. "Mélanges composites PEHD/PS/Talc : application au recyclage." Montpellier 2, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995MON20036.
Full textPaul, Clément. "Impact des stratégies de compatibilisation sur les propriétés de composites polyéthylène – fibres courtes de lin." Caen, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015CAEN2045.
Full textThe goal of this thesis is to study the impact of compatilisation strategies on properties of composites reinforced by short flax fibres. Indeed, without any prior fibre treatment or matrix chemical modification, the reinforcement potential of flax is not achieved. Develop a better adhesion, modifying polarity in order to create chemical bonds between fibre and matrix, will thus allow to improve the mechanical properties of composites materials. Different strategies have been considered. On one hand, efficiency of several fibre treatments (bleaching, mercerisation, silanes) was compared. The chemical and morphological modifications brought to the fibres have been characterised so as the effect of their introduction within the composites materials. On the other hand, the incorporation of maleic anhydride grafted polyethylene (MA-g-PE) has enabled a clear improvement of the adhesion by the realisation of covalent bonds between fibre and matrix. A specific point has been brought to the optimisation of mercerisation treatment, which results in the highest mechanical resistance improvement of composites. Finally, the coupling of an optimised mercerisation and the use of MA-g-PE has allowed to obtain composites with tensile strength at yield above ones of composites treated with the two techniques taken separately or those of composites reinforced with the same mass of glass fibres owing a similar aspect ratio. The durability of those interfaces over accelerated ageing and recycling of those composites was also highlighted
Benoit, Nathalie. "Mechanical recycling of high density polyethylene/flax fiber composites." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/27713.
Full textThis thesis focuses on the production, the mechanical recycling and the characterization of polymers and composites based on high density polyethylene (HDPE) and flax fibers. It aims to determine the materials potential towards long-term recycling and to evaluate the resulting loss of performance. The recycling is realized by closed-loop extrusion, and repeated up to 50 times, without any addition of new material, and without any consideration of the possible degradation and contamination undergone during the life-cycle of the products. In the first part, a literature review presents the state of the art concerning the mechanical recycling of thermoplastic composites. The various types of composites recycling are introduced, as well as the various works conducted on the recycling of thermoplastic composites reinforced with both natural and inorganic fillers. Finally, the various limitations to the composites recycling are presented and some solutions are suggested. During this review an important lack of knowledge on the long-term mechanical recycling of these composites is observed. In the second part of this work, the high density polyethylene is studied and recycled in order to know its properties and its behavior towards recycling, as well as to be used as a comparison basis for the further parts. The study of the mechanical, thermal, molecular and physical properties leads to the better understanding of the various degradation mechanisms induced by mechanical recycling. The results show a decrease of the yield stress and an important increase of the strain at break with recycling, indicating that chain scissions take place in the polymer during recycling. Most of the other properties remained stable, and confirmed the conservation of the polymer performances with recycling. In the last part of this work, high density polyethylene is used to produce two series of composites with 15% wt. of flax fiber, with and without maleic anhydride grafted polyethylene (MAPE) as a coupling agent. Similar characterizations as for the matrix are conducted on both composites as to evaluate the effect of the fibers in the polymer matrix. A complete analysis of the fiber distribution is also performed to observe the effect of mechanical recycling on the fiber dimensions. The mechanical analysis reveals that the fibers provides an efficient reinforcement to the matrix, and especially with coupling agent, but the properties at break decrease. Nevertheless, this effect decreases with recycling, while the elongation properties increase due to the fiber size reduction. The effect of the coupling agent disappears with recycling. However, most mechanical properties remain higher for the composites after recycling than for the neat matrix.
Klaimy, Sophie. "Pyrolyse thermique et catalytique des polymères utilisés dans les emballages." Thesis, Lille 1, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019LIL1R056.
Full textOver the past ten years, the production and consumption of plastics have grown significantly around the world due to their uses in a wide range of applications including packaging, agriculture, automotive or construction. In 2017, 342 million tons of plastics were produced worldwide among them around 65 million tons in Europe. The valorization of plastic waste by mechanical recycling or incineration are widely used but do not constitute a long-term solution. Thermal as well as catalytic pyrolysis appears as an attractive alternative. The research carried out in this PhD work focused on pyrolysis of plastics used in packaging such as polyethylene (PE), polypropylene (PP), polystyrene (PS) and polyethylene terephthalate (PET). The thermal decomposition of virgin polymers and of a defined model mixture representative of plastic waste were studied by thermogravimetric analysis and flash pyrolysis. The quantity of each phases (gas, liquid, solid) were determined and the composition of the liquid phase analyzed. It was demonstrated that, within the model mixture, interaction between the polymers occurs leading to accelerate the decomposition process and to favor the formation of aromatic compounds. The use of zeolite (ZSM-5) as a catalyst for the pyrolysis of polyethylene, the most commonly used plastic in packaging, lead to a narrower distribution of pyrolysis products. The amount of catalyst was optimized and the effect of its acidity was studied. The most acidic ZSM-5 promotes the formation of aromatics and specifically products between C6 and C12 are obtained. The deactivation and regeneration of ZSM-5 respectively before and after pyrolysis was also investigated. The effectiveness of catalyst regeneration after several cycles of use was demonstrated. Finally, several catalysts with defined structure and acidities were synthesized. It was thus possible to conclude that both parameters play an important role in the composition and selectivity of the pyrolysis process
Idris, Adamu Aminu. "Upcycling of polyethylenes by catalysis." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Lyon 1, 2023. https://n2t.net/ark:/47881/m6fx79jm.
Full textThe synthesis of functional telechelic oligomer/molecule platforms directly from polyethylene (PE) wastes, although very appealing from an environmental and economic point of view, remains today a major problem to tackle. Indeed, the strong C(Sp3) – C(Sp3) & C(Sp3) – H(Sp3) σ-covalent bonds of polyethylenes are undoubtedly not only at the origin of the robustness and chemical inertness of PEs relative to many reagents but also dramatically hamper their chemical recycling. Among the different chemical methods currently available for the treatment of polyolefin wastes, one can cite pyrolysis, thermal cracking, and/or catalytic hydrocracking. However, such approaches most often lead to mixtures of hydrocarbons in a non-selective manner, which are difficult to valorize. In this dissertation thesis, we seek to develop a more valuable route toward polyolefins circularity through polyethylenes upcycling into α,ω–divinyl, or diacetate oligomers. Our strategy involves a two-step process via first the creation of reactive internal alkenes on the main polymer backbone by iridium-catalyzed dehydrogenation followed by depolymerization of the resulting unsaturated polymers using Ru–catalyzed metathesis. A thorough screening of the reaction parameters, nature of the catalyst, and substrate scope was first undertaken for both reactions. We have shown that different levels of internal unsaturation can be generated on the PEs backbone by playing with the catalyst ligand, loading, or conditions of dehydrogenation without compromising its structural and thermal properties Subsequent cross-metathesis of these internally unsaturated polyethylenes with ethylene and cis–1,4–diacetoxy–2–butene as chain transfer agents afforded divinyl and diester telechelic products with 86 % and 91 % conversions (of internal double bonds into functional chain ends) respectively. The high-value-added end-products of this two-step process could be used as feed for the synthesis of recycle-by-design polymers, thereby reducing the exploitation of fossils for polymer production and its associated environmental impact
Leprêtre-Dropsit, Sophie. "Mise en oeuvre et propriétés des mélanges PET/polyoléfines en vue du recyclage d'emballages." Thesis, Lille 1, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008LIL10140/document.
Full textPolyethylene terephthalate (PET) and polyolefins (PE, PP ... ) are widely used for packaging applications (e.g., bottles) and generate a significant amount of waste. Recycling such thermoplastic materials avoiding costly sorting operations presents an economic and a scientific challenge because they are immiscible and semi-crystaIIine polymers. The aim of the study is to process binary (PET/PE, PET/PP) and temary (PET/PE/PP) blends, strongly unbalanced (0-90% by weight of PET), and compatibilized to maintain satisfactory mechanical performances in traction, impact and toughness. The recycled PET/polyolefins blends compatibilization by adding EGMA (ethylene copolymer-glycidyl methacrylate) leads to a decrease of polyolefins droplets size dispersed in the PET matrix, as weil as an improvement of interfacial conditions. The mechanical behavior (traction, impact and toughness) of blends tends to the ones of PET, when the average diameter of polyolefin inclusions is below a critical value of 3 µm. The study and modelisation of nonisothermal crystallization kinetics of blends showed that EGMA and polyolefins play the role of a nucleating agent for the PET and accelerate the crystallization (without intluencing significantly the cristallinity rate). The mechanical properties of blends are more atfected by cristaIIization process modification than by morphological and interfacial changes
Godin, Marie-Christine. "Valorisation de plastiques recyclés en provenance des centres de tri." Thesis, Université Laval, 2013. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2013/29740/29740.pdf.
Full textKazemi, Yasamin. "Mechanical and morphological characterization of wood plastic composites based on municipal plastic waste." Thesis, Université Laval, 2013. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2013/29823/29823.pdf.
Full textRecent legislations associated with environmental impacts of post-consumer plastic wastes have driven substantial attention toward developing viable recycling techniques. Therefore the aim of this research was to produce wood plastic composites (WPC) from the light fraction of municipal plastic wastes (post-consumer) and wood processing residues (sawdust). In order to improve compatibility and adhesion between polyethylene (PE) and polypropylene (PP), an ethylene-octene copolymer (EOC) was used to compatibilize the polymer phases and also to act as an impact modifier. Addition of maleated polyethylene (MAPE) and maleated polypropylene (MAPP) provided improved compatibility between the polymer matrix and the wood flour. The combined effect of all the components was found to produce composites with interesting morphological (dispersion and adhesion) and mechanical properties (tension, torsion, flexion and impact) after optimization of the additive package (blend of coupling agents). In the second phase, three-layered structural composites were produced from the aforementioned composites to investigate the effects of design parameters on their flexural and impact performance. The studied parameters include wood content, thickness of individual composite layers, as well as stacking sequence and configuration (symmetric and asymmetric structures). In addition, the classical beam theory was successfully used to predict the flexural modulus within 10% of deviation for these complex structures.
Gourgouillon, Didier. "Etude de l'ultrafiltration de liquides de forte viscosité fluidifiés par injection de CO2 sous pression. Application au recyclage des huiles usagées." Montpellier 2, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999MON20036.
Full textRoiron, Coline. "Contribution à la caractérisation thermomécanique d’un polyéthylène auto-renforcé et de ses « recyclats » : Effet des paramètres du procédé de moulage par compression." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Chasseneuil-du-Poitou, Ecole nationale supérieure de mécanique et d'aérotechnique, 2022. http://www.theses.fr/2022ESMA0004.
Full textReducing energy consumption is an essential issue for today's society. In order to achieve a sustainable energy transition, especially in the field of transportation, new and more demanding regulations are being implemented. The keywords are to increase the proportion of recycled and recyclable materials and lightening structural parts.The use of polymers can be a solution. However, to guarantee good mechanical resistance, the use of self-reinforced composites(SRP) is a lever for action. They are composed of a polymer or a family of polymers in two physical states, one to form the matrix and the second for the reinforcement. They present a low density, interesting mechanical behavior, and increased recyclability. To understand the behavior of a self-reinforced polyethylene and to be able to consider the use of this material for a given application,it is essential to understand the behavior of each of its components. If the behavior of more conventional composites, such as glass or carbon fiber reinforced thermoplastic matrix composites, is well understood, using thermoplastic reinforcements such as UHMWPE (Ultra-High Molecular Weight PolyEthylene) within the composite makes the understanding of the behavior of SRP more complex. The impact of temperature and time on the mechanical response of the reinforcements is then examined in a first step, and the observations are related to microstructural considerations. A test protocol has been proposed and validated before hand. A solid-phase transition is highlighted around 49°C and generates an abrupt behavior change.These UHMWPE reinforcements are integrated into composites. A compression molding process is suggested to process them in a single step from a matrix in granular form. The effect of different process parameters is evaluated to propose an optimal combination.The short and long-term mechanical response in tension and creep is then analyzed, and the interest of the SRPE thus designed is highlighted. Indeed, the benefit of its use is evident, especially at low temperatures. Moreover, the presence of thermoplastic reinforcements seems to introduce additional parameters that affect the behavior of the composites and, in particular, in creep. The precise characterization and the knowledge of the transition temperatures of the latter appeared then determining, mainly since the transitions depend on the microstructure of the reinforcement and thus on the type of stretching and the applied conditions. Finally, the recyclability of the implemented composites is studied since it constitutes a driving force for the development of SRP on the market
Pennarun, Pierre-Yves. "Migration à partir de bouteilles en PET recyclé : Elaboration et validation d'un modèle applicable aux barrières fonctionnelle." Reims, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001REIMS011.
Full textSousa, Fabiula de. "Étude des mélanges de polyéthylène renforcé avec des nanocharges et résidus de pneus régénérés par micro-ondes." Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016LORR0083/document.
Full textThe main objective of this work was the production of dynamically revulcanized blends containing HDPE and GTR devulcanized by microwaves. It comes against a big global problem which is the waste disposal of vulcanized elastomers, especially tires, which bring with them serious environmental and public health problems, since these materials require long periods of time to degrade naturally due to their structure of cross-linkings, and the presence of stabilizers and other additives in its formulation. A way of using the GTR that has been widely studied by researchers is as polymer blends in which one of the phases is a thermoplastic polymer. In this context, the role of elastomers devulcanization is to increase the interaction between raw and recycled material, reducing the degradation of properties of the finished product with its incorporation and making it possible the increase of the recycled rubber amount in the compound recycled rubber/thermoplastic. The devulcanization transformes devulcanized elastomer into a fluid material, allowing a better control of the particle size during the mixing process of the blend by breaking processes in the application of high shear rates. In addition, by becoming a fluid material, it is possible the incorporation of a higher amount of elastomer to the thermoplastic without great damage to its processability. However, the literature does not have works in which the study of the processing parameters of dynamically revulcanized blends containing devulcanized elastomer, as well as the influence of addition of clays from different shapes (lamellar and tubular) on their final properties, especially on rheological properties, which sets out the present work. Summarizing, this work aims to propose a possible solution to the problem of solid waste disposing by producing a dynamically revulcanized blend containing HDPE and GTR devulcanized by microwaves, in addition to decrease some gaps observed currently in the literature from the obtained results
Ramezani, Kakroodi Adel. "Production and characterization of thermoplastic elastomers based on recycled rubber." Thesis, Université Laval, 2013. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2013/30327/30327.pdf.
Full textThis Ph.D. work is devoted to the production and characterization of polymer compounds based on thermoplastic matrix filled with waste rubber powder. The main applications include: (A) the production of thermoplastic elastomer (TPE) resins containing high ground tire rubber (GTR) contents (50% and higher), and (B) impact modification of thermoplastic composites using low concentrations of GTR. In the first part of the work, maleated polyethylene (MAPE) is proposed as a matrix to produce MAPE/GTR blends having excellent characteristics as thermoplastic elastomers. Then, the effects of different degradation mechanisms (weathering, thermal degradation and reprocessing) on the properties of MAPE/GTR compounds were extensively investigated to determine their potential for further recycling. Finally, the reinforcement of GTR filled TPE was investigated using different types of solid particles (wood flour and talc) for more demanding applications (mechanical characteristics). In the second part of the work, a new approach is proposed for impact modification of polypropylene based composites based on organic (hemp) and inorganic (talc and glass) reinforcements. The effective improvement of the impact properties of these composites is performed through the addition of a masterbatch based on maleated polypropylene (MAPP)/waste rubber powder (GTR or waste EPDM) containing high concentrations (70% by weight) of waste rubber.
Cabrera, Alvino Géraldine. "Eco-design and processing of recycled multilayer/multiphase polymer materials : Structure-properties-process relationship." Thesis, Lyon, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020LYSEI076.
Full textIn the context of a circular economy, the first works of the thesis were devoted to the study of the processing ability of recycled flexible films from agricultural bale wrapping film's waste. These multilayer films initially contain an additive that gives the final product a sticky character. During recycling, this additive is still present and migrates to the surface. A particular emphasis has been placed on understanding and studying the migration mechanisms of this additive according to the molecular architecture of the polyethylenes used with different branching content. Model blends, with or without mineral fillers, were prepared for this purpose. In addition to morphological and microstructural studies, original experimental methodologies have been set up to study the migration/diffusion kinetics with tribo-rheometry and film surface's "tack" monitoring devices. As for the rheological behaviour in shear and elongation, it is influenced by the presence of this additive. The second part of this study was devoted to understanding the realities of the recycling activity of other polypropylene- and polyethylene-based multilayer films. Given the complexity of these materials, we chose to study equivalent model blends by combining them with physical compatibilizers. The influence of the latter on the rheological, morphological and mechanical properties was then evaluated. This study was then transposed to postconsumption multiphase systems. The last studies were devoted to a future-oriented approach. This involves going from eco-design to the development of easily recyclable multimicro/ nanolayers. The originality of this study consists in limiting the number of constituents, reducing/controlling the thickness of the layers and avoiding the use of tie-layers. Finally, their rheological, morphological and mechanical properties have been evaluated according to number and type of mechanical recycling cycles
Quitadamo, Alessia. "Influence of wood flour and cellulose on the properties and the stability of formulations based on polyolefins and bio-based polymers." Thesis, Lyon, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019LYSEI015.
Full textThe objective of this research is the development of high-added value materials, with high amount of bio-derived fillers, resulting in a more eco-friendly product. The pursued strategy is based on both the introduction of natural fibres and the use of oil-based and bio-derived polymer blends as matrices, reducing the non-biodegradable amount in the material. The thesis project is based on the development of HDPE/PLA blends filled with natural fillers, such as wood flour and recycled paper fibres. High-density polyethylene has been chosen because it is one of the most representative recycled polymers on the market. Poly(lactic) acid has been selected as it is an important bio-degradable polymer on the market. The methodology developed here can be extended to other bio-degradable polymers, such as Soy Protein Isolate (SPI). Wood flour is a diffuse waste material, that can be used for production of Wood Plastic Composites. Recycled paper fibres are derived from industrial paper waste, which cannot be subjected to traditional recycling processes. Additives have been introduced in order to face the problem of different hydrophilicity between oil-based/bio-derived polymers with natural fillers. The optimal composition and production processes are challenges, not only for the use of these materials, but also for their disposal. The end-of-life of these samples can be evaluated through controlled bio-degradability and compostability, correlating material structure with the ability to biodegrade. The production of a material at reduced environmental impact with properties consistent with their applications is a first environmental advantage. Obtaining a controlled biodegradability, as a function of the applications, would give enhanced value to our materials. Several characterizations have been performed in order to analyse the effect of different compatibilizers and treatments such as: tensile tests, scanning electron microscopy, differential scanning calorimetry, thermogravimetric analyses, infrared spectroscopy, size exclusion chromatography and composting tests
Garcia, Contreras Antonio. "Foodyplast, des emballages plastiques alimentaires avec des additifs naturels et recyclables." Thesis, Perpignan, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019PERP0020/document.
Full textPlastics have now invaded our daily lives. They are the symbol of the consumer society, because they are considered a non-noble material: consumers equate it with a disposable product after use. Since plastics are not degradable, they represent a real danger to the environment, fauna and flora.The objective of this thesis work was to develop in collaboration with the Institute of Analytical Sciences and Physico-Chemistry for Environment and Materials (Pau University) new formulations with natural additives to produce resistant and recyclable plastics. Two types of resins were used: isotactic polypropylene (i-PP) and low density polyethylene (LDPE). Natural antioxidants such as ascorbic acid, alpha-tocopherol and flaxseed oil were tested and encapsulated to improve their resistance to degradation. Thermal and rheological characterizations of resins have shown superior qualities to current commercial resins. We were able to demonstrate that the plastics obtained could be recycled 9 times without losing their characteristics. Tests with trays made with the developed products are underway to validate the developed models