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Academic literature on the topic 'Polymères bactériens'
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Journal articles on the topic "Polymères bactériens"
CHATEIGNER-BOUTIN, Anne-Laure, Luc SAULNIER, Michel LESSIRE, Nathaële WACRENIER, and Fabien ALLEMAN. "Les polymères de mannose en production animale. 1. focus sur les structures chimiques rencontrées dans les aliments et les propriétés biologiques." INRAE Productions Animales 33, no. 4 (April 6, 2021): 283–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.20870/productions-animales.2020.33.4.4633.
Full textRoux, S., N. Bur, B. Tribollet, and F. Feugeas. "Comment améliorer la durabilité de bétons plus éco-respectueux grâce à des polymères bactériens." Matériaux & Techniques 99, no. 5 (2011): 573–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/mattech/2011111.
Full textGuibaud, G., S. Dupuy, S. Comte, F. Bordas, and M. Baudu. "Aptitudes des polymères extracellulaires (PEC), extraits de huit souches bactériennes environnementales à complexer Pb et Ni." Cahiers de l'Association Scientifique Européenne pour l'Eau et la Santé 9, no. 1 (2004): 15–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/asees/20040901015.
Full textBenhamou, Nicole, and Patrice Rey. "Stimulateurs des défenses naturelles des plantes : une nouvelle stratégie phytosanitaire dans un contexte d’écoproduction durable." Article de synthèse 92, no. 1 (September 25, 2012): 24–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/1013299ar.
Full textBELMABROUK, Farah Chahrazad, Ghenima GRICHE, Yassamine MAMERI, Mebrouk KIHAL, and Sid Ahmed SERRADJ. "Caractérisation phénotypique des espèces de Streptococcus impliquées dans les caries dentaires et évaluation de l’activité antimicrobienne de deux ciments verres ionomères à Oran." Journal de la faculté de médecine d'Oran 5, no. 1 (June 26, 2021). http://dx.doi.org/10.51782/jfmo.v5i1.116.
Full textDissertations / Theses on the topic "Polymères bactériens"
Roger, Olivier. "Etude d'oligosaccharides bioactifs issus d'exopolysaccharides bactériens : obtention, caractérisation et relation structure/fonction." Paris 13, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002PA132032.
Full textUnsual expolysaccharides 5EPS) produced by heterotrophic aerobic and mesophilic bacteria originating from hydrothermal vent, were reviewed as a new source of polysaccharidic structure determination of the EPS GY785, synthesized by Alteromonas infernus. A highly branched nonasaccharidic repetitive unnit was identified using chemical modifications and nuclear magnetic resonancespectroscopy. His 10 puissance 6 g/mol polysaccharide is composed of glucose, galactose, glucuronic acid, galacturonic acid, and ontaibns a single branched ramification and one sulphate group. .
Lelchat, Florian. "Enzymes de dépolymérisation d'exopolysaccharides bactériens marins." Thesis, Brest, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014BRES0070/document.
Full textExopolysaccharides (EPSs) are a class of biopolymer synthesized by Eukarya, Archea and Procarya.Bacterial EPSs are involved in biofilm establishment and biofouling phenomenon. These polymers have physicochemical and biological properties suitable with biotechnological valorization. At the opposite, their involvment in biofouling of pathogenic strains can be problematic.Enzymatic depolymerization process are necessary for EPSs structural elucidation, Bioactive oligosaccharides production or to disrupt polysaccharidic biofilms. The highlight of enzymatic phenomenon can help to understand biogeochimical process in the ocean. Nevertheless the important structural diversity as well as their complexity make the sourcing of specific enzymes difficult.Two strategies were used to find enzymes.1. The bacterial way by using EPS-producing marine strains2. The viral way, with marine bacteriophages.For the need of the study, several EPS-substrates were produced and characterized. The majority of them were totally new. An enzymatic screening on 11 marine Alteromonas strains shown that 6 were able to depolymerize their EPS in an endogenous way. A bioprospection was realized to isolates marine bacteriophages with potential viral Cazymes. 10 out of 33 phages were selectionned for their ability to be infectious with their hosts in EPS production induced. Finally, a host/virus system was chosen. The bacteriophages infecting Cobetia marina DSMZ 4741 (named Carin-1 to 5) were studied. The polysaccharidase activities of Carin-1 and Carin-5 on the L6 EPS were studied more deeply. In parallel, the complete structural elucidation of the L6 EPS was realized
Wendels, Sophie. "Synthesis and elaboration of new biobased hemostatic adhesives from bacterial polymers." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2021. http://www.theses.fr/2021STRAE006.
Full textPolyurethanes (PUs) are a major family of polymers used in a large range of fields. Moreover, they display a wide spectrum of physico-chemical, mechanical and structural properties. In this regard, they have shown suitable for biomedical applications and are used in this domain since decades. The current variety of biomass available has extended the diversity of starting materials for the elaboration of new biobased macromolecular architectures, allowing the development of biobased PUs with advanced properties. Nowadays, there is a need for more environmentally friendly and effective solutions for tissue adhesive purposes. In this frame, new renewably sourced PU-based hemostatic adhesives have been successfully designed. Chosen biomasses were mainly from bacterial ressources and vegetable oils, but not only. Many different adhesive formulations were obtained and characterized, and the developed adhesives offer a broad range of specific properties such as viscosity, curing time, tissue adhesion and exothermy. PUs, corresponding to the final adhesives chemical state in contact with the tissue, were also prepared and studied. They exhibited tailored physico-chemical, thermal and mechanical properties, close to diverse tissue native mechanical properties. Cytotoxicity and degradation, which are key parameters for biomedical applications, were also investigated
Krapf, Marie-Ève. "Agrégation de cellules bactériennes par des polymères cationiques (polyéthylèneimine) : influence de la masse moléculaire du polymère et de la présence/absence de surstructures exopolymériques bactériennes sur la déshydratation des boues biologiques." Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012LORR0089/document.
Full textAfter dewatering, a biological sludge still contains an average water content of 70%, thus causing huge environmental problems. To achieve a better understanding of the mechanisms underlying physicochemical interactions inducing water retention in the sludge, the bacterial sludge was modeled by a pure strain producing or not surface appendages, depending on the growth temperature. These bacterial suspensions were flocculated by polyethyleneimine of various molecular weights. Measurements of optical density, electrophoretic mobility, conductivity, pH, absorbance, particle size, as well as AFM and TEM observations were performed. This allowed to characterize aggregates structures and to estimate the influence of molecular weight and concentration of polymer and presence/absence of surface appendages. Measurements of elasticity, spring constant and turgor pressure were carried out by force spectroscopy allowing to characterize nanomechanical properties of aggregates. In a second step, a dewatering of these flocculated suspensions was performed by centrifugation, process used in some wastewater treatment plants. Measurements of elasticity and viscosity were carried out by rheology. Correlations with dryness measurements allowed to conclude that the presence/absence of surface appendages, and also the molecular weight and concentration of the polymer have a significant impact on biological sludge dewatering
Gornard, Sophie. "Isolement et caractérisation de bactéries marines associées à l'algue brune Ascophyllum nodosum pour la dépolymérisation enzymatique du fucane." Paris 13, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002PA132031.
Full textFucan constituted of sulfated L-fucose is extracted from brown seaweeds. Since 1987, this bioactive polysaccharide is studied by the Unity of Marine research n°2 constituted of the Research Laboratory on Macromolecules (CNRS, Paris 13) and IFREMER (Nantes). Currently its properties have never been used for therapeutic purposes. This is partly due to the lack of knowledge about its fine structure and moleculary mecanisms responsible for its activities. The aim of this work was to develoop enzymes for the characterisation of the structure of fucan. The Seaweed Manufacturing Technology Center, inclined to diversify its production of oligosaccharides, made its technical means available for this research about bacterial enzymes able to degrade fucan. Our research enable us to find two bacteria called B and C and associated to the brown seaweed Ascophyllum nodosum, able to degrade fucan. We optimized their culture conditions and their storage. Then we found that these bacteria belonging to the Flavobacteriaceae correspond to two new bacterial species. These bacteria produce an extracellular sulfatase activity and extracellular enzymes responsible for fucan degradation. The fucanase activity of the bacteria B could have an exolytic mecanism and the fucanase activity of the bacteria C could be endolytic. The grade of activity of the extracellular enzymes was low. So we look for intracellular and periplasmic enzymes associated to the bacteria C. The results let us thinks that the fucanase activity of this bacteria could be intracellular and could have a periplasmic localisation. The characterisation of these enzymes should be continued. The purified enzymes should indeed be useful for the understanding of biological properties of the fucan. They could also enable a selective depolymerisation of this polysaccharide
Shen, Cheng. "Nouveau systèmes polymères pour la dépollution de l'eau : rétention des métaux et des bactéries." Bordeaux 1, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007BOR13386.
Full textCousseau, Thomas. "Etude du microenvironnement matriciel de biofilms de Bacillus subtilis : polymères extracellulaires et comportement bactérien." Thesis, Cergy-Pontoise, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018CERG0981.
Full textBacillus subtilis is a ubiquitous gram-positive bacterium that lives in different terrestrial and aquatic environments. Various extracellular polymers involved in the composition of the B. subtilis biofilm matrix have been described. Polysaccharides are the basis of these mechanical properties, the viscoelasticity being modulated by the content of the biofilm in different extracellular polymers such as amyloid proteins and extracellular DNA.The aim of this work was to study the role of exopolymers in B. subtilis biofilms using the type CIP52.65T strain and various other wild, clinical and mutant strains. The composition of the matrix varies according to the presence of sucrose in the culture medium, so the effects of supplementation of the medium Trypticase Soy (TS) sucrose (20% w/v) were studied on the planktonic growth, matrix polymer production and biofilm formation for all these B. subtilis strains. Finally, among the proteins in the matrix, B. subtilis produces an amyloid-forming protein called TasA. Its exact role in the biofilm remains poorly understood. The purpose of this second study was to better understand the self-assembly mechanism of TasA and to understand its role in the matrix. By grouping all the characterizations carried out on the biofilms and the amyloid peptides, the biomimetic matrix design made it possible to carry out a first approach on the mechanical properties of this one, by reproducing artificial matrices based on exopolysaccharides (levan), amyloid peptides and DNA
Marois, Yves. "Etude d'un nouveau polymère biorésorbable d'origine bactérienne pour l'enduction de prothèses vasculaires." Montpellier 1, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998MON13511.
Full textFadli, Fatma Zohra. "Adhérence et prolifération de streptococcus pyogènes sur des copolymères biospécifiques : Etude de la sensibilité à la pénicilline G des bactéries proliférant sur ces polymères." Paris 13, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000PA132029.
Full textNguema, Edzang Ronald W. "Synthèse et caractérisation de polymères à propriétés rédox pour un contrôle des propriétés d'adhésion bactérienne." Thesis, Toulon, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016TOUL0006/document.
Full textDue to the reversible redox properties of ferrocene and its antibacterial activity, ferrocenyl-based polymers are useful for the synthesis of new anti-adhesive binders for marine antifouling coatings. This study reports the homopolymerization and copolymerization with lauryl methacrylate of ferrocenyl-based methacrylic monomers. Ferrocenylmethyl methacrylate (FMMA) as well as four novel monomers, namely 2- (ferrocenylmethoxy)ethyl methacrylate (FMOEMA), 3-(ferrocenylmethoxy)propyl methacrylate (FMOPMA),4-(ferrocenylmethoxy)butyl methacrylate (FMOBMA) and 2-(ferrocenylmethoxy)methylethyl methacrylate (FMOMEMA) were first synthesized, and subsequently polymerized by the RAFT process. The homopolymerization kinetics were investigated by in situ NMR. The radical polymerization was controlled by using 2-cyanoprop-2-yl dithiobenzoate (CPDB) as a chain transfer agent, at 70 °C in deuterated toluene. These monomers containing a ferrocenyl moiety with alcoxy linkers were found to be as reactive as FMMA in RAFT polymerization, resulting in conversions of 96% and in polymers with low dispersities (ÐM < 1.6). Monomer conversion follows a first order kinetics (up to 80%) with a linear increase in the molecular mass as a function of the monomer conversion. By using the FMMA monomer as a reference, the length of the alcoxy linker between the ferrocene unit and the backbone was increased for FMOEMA, FMOPMA, FMOMEMA and FMOBMA to improve the mobility of the side groups. This increase in macromolecular mobility led to a significant decrease of glass transition temperatures of the homopolymers. In addition, diblock copolymers exhibited two glass transition temperatures indicating that the two blocks are incompatible. The electrochemical properties of the monomers and those of the polymers were characterized using cyclic voltammetry. Finally, the anti-adhesive properties of these homopolymers and diblock copolymers toward marine bacteria were evaluated