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Relevant bibliographies by topics / Polymorphic state

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Academic literature on the topic 'Polymorphic state'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2025

Last updated: 1 August 2025

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Journal articles on the topic "Polymorphic state"

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Hsu, Cheng-Hung, Wen-Ting Ke, and Shan-Yang Lin. "Progressive Steps of Polymorphic Transformation of Gabapentin Polymorphs Studied by Hot-stage FTIR Microspectroscopy." Journal of Pharmacy & Pharmaceutical Sciences 13, no. 1 (2010): 67. http://dx.doi.org/10.18433/j3fs32.

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Purpose. The aim of this study was to determine the progressive processes of polymorphic transformation of different gabapentin (GBP) polymorphs by using hot-stage Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) microspectroscopy. Methods. Four polymorphs of GBP were previously prepared and then identified by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), thermogravimetric (TG) analysis, FTIR microspectroscopy and X-ray powder diffractometry. A novel hot-stage FTIR microspectroscopic technique was used to investigate the progressive steps of polymorphic transformation of each GBP polymorph sealed within two piece

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Ângelo, Marilene, Jennifer Jacon, Olimpia Maria Santos, et al. "Occurrence of polymorphism in famotidine raw materials." Acta Crystallographica Section A Foundations and Advances 70, a1 (2014): C1563. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s2053273314084368.

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Polymorphs are compounds with the same chemical composition, however the molecules are arranged in at least two different ways in the solid state. Famotidine is a histamine H2-receptor antagonist inhibitor of gastric secretion and widely used in gastric and duodenal ulcer disease. Two polymorphs are described for famotidine, A and B. The polymorph A is the most thermodynamically stable form and polymorph B is the kinetically favored form being marketed because it presents greater pharmacological activity. The aim of this study was to evaluate the occurrence of famotidine polymorphs in five raw

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Tao, Yue, Yuhan Gao, Baoxi Zhang, et al. "Advances in Quantitative Analytical Methods for Solid Drugs." Crystals 15, no. 1 (2024): 38. https://doi.org/10.3390/cryst15010038.

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The solid form of the drug can directly affect the physicochemical properties, bioavailability, safety, and efficacy of the drug, and its types mainly include amorphous state, single-component polycrystalline, hydrate, solvate, salt, and cocrystal. Polymorphic drugs are solid drugs whose active ingredients exist in a specific crystalline state. Polymorphic drugs are solid drugs whose active ingredients exist in a specific crystalline state. Drug polymorphism refers to the presence of two or more different crystalline states of the drug. Pharmaceutical cocrystal is a new type of solid form that

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Aramini, Andrea, Gianluca Bianchini, Samuele Lillini, et al. "Unexpected Salt/Cocrystal Polymorphism of the Ketoprofen–Lysine System: Discovery of a New Ketoprofen–l-Lysine Salt Polymorph with Different Physicochemical and Pharmacokinetic Properties." Pharmaceuticals 14, no. 6 (2021): 555. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ph14060555.

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Ketoprofen–l-lysine salt (KLS) is a widely used nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug. Here, we studied deeply the solid-state characteristics of KLS to possibly identify new polymorphic drugs. Conducting a polymorph screening study and combining conventional techniques with solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance, we identified, for the first time, a salt/cocrystal polymorphism of the ketoprofen (KET)–lysine (LYS) system, with the cocrystal, KET–LYS polymorph 1 (P1), being representative of commercial KLS, and the salt, KET–LYS polymorph 2 (P2), being a new polymorphic form of KLS. Interestingly

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Pogoda, Dorota, Jan Janczak, and Veneta Videnova-Adrabinska. "New polymorphs of an old drug: conformational and synthon polymorphism of 5-nitrofurazone." Acta Crystallographica Section B Structural Science, Crystal Engineering and Materials 72, no. 2 (2016): 263–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s2052520615024956.

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Two new polymorphic forms of 5-nitrofurazone (5-nitro-2-furaldehyde semicarbazone) have been synthesized and structurally characterized by single-crystal and powder X-ray diffraction methods, vibrational spectroscopy (FT–IR and temperature Raman), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and Hirshfeld surface analysis. The compound crystallizes in three different polymorphic formsP21/a(polymorph α),P21(polymorph β) andP21/c(polymorph γ), the crystal structures of two of which (polymorphs β and γ) represent new structure determinations. The solid-state molecular

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Masum, Zia Uddin, P. Grant Spoors, Matt D. Burke, and Vivek Gupta. "Novel Polymorphic Patterns for Elacestrant Dihydrochloride." Pharmaceutics 17, no. 6 (2025): 745. https://doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics17060745.

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Objective: This study expands on the polymorphic characterization of elacestrant dihydrochloride, developed by Stemline Therapeutics and approved by the FDA in 2023. The article focuses on more extensive polymorphism screening using various methods and solvents to discover the new polymorphism forms of this molecule, besides identifying three polymorphic forms in the previously published studies. Methods: The crystalline and amorphous elacestrant hydrochloride solubility was assessed, and crystals were formed, followed by polymorph screening using 40 non-conventional solvents via different tec

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Acebedo-Martínez, Francisco Javier, Carolina Alarcón-Payer, Antonio Frontera, et al. "Novel Polymorphic Cocrystals of the Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drug Niflumic Acid: Expanding the Pharmaceutical Landscape." Pharmaceutics 13, no. 12 (2021): 2140. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics13122140.

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Any time the pharmaceutical industry develops a new drug, potential polymorphic events must be thoroughly described, because in a crystalline pharmaceutical solid, different arrangements of the same active pharmaceutical ingredient can yield to very different physicochemical properties that might be crucial for its efficacy, such as dissolution, solubility, or stability. Polymorphism in cocrystal formulation cannot be neglected, either. In this work, two different cocrystal polymorphs of the non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug niflumic acid and caffeine are reported. They have been synthesize

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Falk, Jacqueline, Detlef Hofmann, and Klaus Merz. "Controlled usage of H/D exchange to circumvent concomitant polymorphs of ROY." IUCrJ 5, no. 5 (2018): 569–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s2052252518009995.

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The hypothesis that H/D exchange affects the structural formation of organic compounds in the solid state is supported by a deeper understanding of the altering polymorphism of ROY (a substance striking for its high number of polymorphic forms) through deuteration. Therefore, ROY was deuterated at its amine function, which leads to a seemingly small yet effective modification of the hydrogen-bond strength. In contrast to the crystallization of the non-deuterated ROY in methanol or ethanol, which leads to the simultaneous formation of two forms (OP and Y polymorphs), so-called concomitant polym

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Declerck, Arnout, Veronique Nelis, Sabine Danthine, Koen Dewettinck, and Paul Van der Meeren. "Characterisation of Fat Crystal Polymorphism in Cocoa Butter by Time-Domain NMR and DSC Deconvolution." Foods 10, no. 3 (2021): 520. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/foods10030520.

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The polymorphic state of edible fats is an important quality parameter in fat research as well as in industrial applications. Nowadays, X-ray diffraction (XRD) is the most commonly used method to determine the polymorphic state. However, quantification of the different polymorphic forms present in a sample is not straightforward. Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) is another method which provides information about fat crystallization processes: the different peaks in the DSC spectrum can be coupled to the melting/crystallisation of certain polymorphs. During the last decade, nuclear magne

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An, Ji-Hun, Wonno Youn, Alice Kiyonga, et al. "Kinetics of the Solution-Mediated Polymorphic Transformation of the Novel l-Carnitine Orotate Polymorph, Form-II." Pharmaceutics 10, no. 4 (2018): 171. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics10040171.

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Research studies related to the polymorphs of l-Carnitine orotate (CO), a medication used for the treatment and prevention of liver diseases, are insignificant or almost nonexistent. Accordingly, in the present study, l-Carnitine orotate (CO) was prepared for investigating CO polymorphs. Here, a reactive crystallization was induced by reacting 1g of l-Carn (1 equivalent) and 0.97 g of OA (1 equivalent) in methanol (MeOH); as a result, CO form-I and CO form-II polymorphs were obtained after 1 h and 16 h of stirring, respectively. The characterization of CO polymorphs was carried out utilizing P

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Polymorphic state"

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Williams, Ceili. "Structure/property relationships in a polymorphic nonlinear optical crystal." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1992. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.314895.

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Ray, Kamal Kanti. "Characterization of phase state, morphological, mechanical and electrical properties of nano- and macro-dimensional materials." Diss., University of Iowa, 2019. https://ir.uiowa.edu/etd/7017.

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The importance of studying the physico-chemical properties of nano-dimensional materials has gained significant attention in the fields of semiconductors, pharmaceuticals, materials science, and atmospheric chemistry owing to the differences in physical properties between macro- and nano-dimensional solids. Nonetheless, direct studies of physical properties of materials at nanoscale is limited in part due to their inherent size constraints and experimental limitations. However, development of atomic force microscopy (AFM) led to the implementation of methods to characterize a wide range of phy

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Ridout, Joseph. "Understanding high-pressure induced solid state polymorphism." Thesis, Durham University, 2015. http://etheses.dur.ac.uk/11058/.

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This research investigates the effect of high-pressure on the solid-state with a particular focus on the crystallisation of liquids using high-pressure. Chapter 1 gives an introduction into the theory underpinning the cryo- and high-pressure crystallisation processes as well as details of X-ray high-pressure diffraction experiments. Chapter 2 outlines the theory behind intermolecular interactions and polymorphism. Chapter 3 details the analysis of two series of simple fluoroaromatics that have been crystallised at both high-pressure and low-temperature, exploring how these forms differ. Chapte

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Christopher, Elizabeth Anne. "Solid-state NMR study of polymorphism in pharmaceuticals." Thesis, Durham University, 1993. http://etheses.dur.ac.uk/5752/.

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This thesis is concerned with attempts to establish solid-state NMR as a complementary technique to X-ray crystallography for providing information on crystal structure, i.e. information regarding conformation, packing and inter- or intra-molecular interactions. Methods of assigning the solid-state NMR spectrum have been used which rely upon (^1)H-(^13)C dipolar interactions and upon the shielding anisotropy experienced by the nuclei. Single pulse experiments have also been used to identify solvate molecules. Of particular importance, the anisotropy and asymmetry have been found for a number o

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Asmadi, Aldi. "Crystal structure prediction : a molecular modellling study of the solid state behaviour of small organic compounds." Thesis, University of Bradford, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10454/4441.

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The knowledge of the packing behaviour of small organic compounds in crystal lattices is of great importance for industries dealing with solid state materials. The properties of materials depend on how the molecules arrange themselves in a crystalline environment. Crystal structure prediction provides a theoretical approach through the application of computational strategies to seek possible crystal packing arrangements (or polymorphs) a compound may adopt. Based on the chemical diagrams, this thesis investigates polymorphism of several small organic compounds. Plausible crystal packings of th

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Bayés-García, Laura. "Polymorphism and Solid State Miscibility of Triacylglycerols. Application to Food Authentication." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Barcelona, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/129313.

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Esta tesis se basa fundamentalmente en el estudio in situ del polimorfismo de triacilgliceroles (TAGs) mayoritarios de aceites y grasas alimentarios, la determinación del comportamiento de fases de algunas de sus mezclas binarias, y la aplicación del polimorfismo como herramienta para la autentificación de productos alimentarios. Se ha llevado a cabo la caracterización polimórfica de los TAGs POP, OPO, POO, POL, SOO, OOO y OOL, básicamente utilizando una combinación de calorimetría diferencial de barrido y difracción de rayos X con radiación sincrotrón (SAXD y WAXD). Así, se han podido monito

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Campbell, Susan Christina. "Pharmaceutical polymorphism : an investigation using solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy." Thesis, Durham University, 1998. http://etheses.dur.ac.uk/5021/.

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The study of two pharmaceutically active systems that each display polymorphism has provided a platform upon which to develop and apply solid-state NMR techniques in order to increase the understanding of the solid-state structure of small organic molecules. The multidisciplinary approach adopted has highlighted the advantages of solid-state NMR as a non-invasive probe of molecular conformation and crystallographic packing.Carbon-13 CP/MAS spectra of the two polymorphs of BRL55834 - a fluorinated benzopyran derivative - immediately suggest the presence of one and three molecules in the asymmet

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Barbero, Mauro. "Chemistry of APIs: Synthesis and Solid-State Properties." Doctoral thesis, Università del Piemonte Orientale, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/11579/114868.

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Questo programma di dottorato si è focalizzato sia sulla chimica degli APIs, ovvero sui principi attivi farmaceutici, sia su altre importanti molecole utilizzate in ambito farmaceutico. In particolare, sono state analizzate diverse strategie sintetiche, con lo scopo di evidenziare possibili processi sintetici alternativi degli APIs, sono state studiate le trasformazioni chimiche, così come le reazioni di derivatizzazione, di importanti molecole largamente utilizzate campo chimico e chimico farmaceutico. In aggiunta, sono state studiate le proprietà fisico-chimiche di APIs focalizzate a valutar

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Oburn, Shalisa M. "Applications in supramolecular chemistry and solid-state reactivity: template-mediated solid-state reactions, dynamic covalent chemistry, mechanochemistry, and pharmaceutical co-crystals." Diss., University of Iowa, 2019. https://ir.uiowa.edu/etd/7004.

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Supramolecular chemistry and crystal engineering seek to control molecular packing in the solid state to influence the physical and chemical properties of crystalline solid materials. A goal of supramolecular chemistry that seeks to control molecular packing in the solid state focuses on exploiting non-covalent interactions to assemble molecules into desirable arrangements. Strategies implemented to control molecular packing rely on strong, directional interactions such as hydrogen bonding, halogen bonding, and metal coordination to direct localized arrangement of molecules in solids. In this

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Engel, Lawrence Stuart. "Parkinsonism and pesticide exposure among rural residents of Washington State /." Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/10939.

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Books on the topic "Polymorphic state"

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Rolf, Hilfiker, ed. Polymorphism in the pharmaceutical industry. Wiley-VCH, 2006.

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Hilfiker, Rolf. Polymorphism: In the Pharmaceutical Industry. Wiley & Sons, Limited, John, 2006.

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Hilfiker, Rolf. Polymorphism: In the Pharmaceutical Industry. Wiley-VCH, 2006.

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Hilfiker, Rolf. Polymorphism: In the Pharmaceutical Industry. Wiley & Sons, Incorporated, John, 2006.

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Gruss, Michael, and Carsten Schauerte. Solid State Development of Pharmaceutical Molecules: Salts, Cocrystals, and Polymorphism. Wiley & Sons, Limited, John, 2020.

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Mannhold, Raimund, Helmut Buschmann, Michael Gruss, and J¿rg Holenz. Solid State Development and Processing of Pharmaceutical Molecules: Salts, Cocrystals, and Polymorphism. Wiley & Sons, Incorporated, John, 2021.

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Mannhold, Raimund, Helmut Buschmann, Michael Gruss, and J¿rg Holenz. Solid State Development and Processing of Pharmaceutical Molecules: Salts, Cocrystals, and Polymorphism. Wiley & Sons, Incorporated, John, 2021.

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Gruss, Michael. Solid State Development and Processing of Pharmaceutical Molecules: Salts, Cocrystals, and Polymorphism. Wiley & Sons, Incorporated, John, 2021.

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Hilfiker, Rolf, and Markus von Raumer. Polymorphism in the Pharmaceutical Industry: Solid Form and Drug Development. Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH, 2019.

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Hilfiker, Rolf, and Markus von Raumer. Polymorphism in the Pharmaceutical Industry: Solid Form and Drug Development. Wiley & Sons, Incorporated, John, 2018.

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Book chapters on the topic "Polymorphic state"

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Novick, G. E., T. Gonzalez, J. Garrison, et al. "The use of polymorphic Alu insertions in human DNA fingerprinting." In DNA Fingerprinting: State of the Science. Birkhäuser Basel, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-0348-8583-6_26.

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Poças, Diogo, Diana Costa, Andreia Mordido, and Vasco T. Vasconcelos. "System $$F^\mu _\omega $$ with Context-free Session Types." In Programming Languages and Systems. Springer Nature Switzerland, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-30044-8_15.

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AbstractWe study increasingly expressive type systems, from $$F^\mu $$ F μ —an extension of the polymorphic lambda calculus with equirecursive types—to $$F^{\mu ;}_\omega $$ F ω μ ; —the higher-order polymorphic lambda calculus with equirecursive types and context-free session types. Type equivalence is given by a standard bisimulation defined over a novel labelled transition system for types. Our system subsumes the contractive fragment of $$F^\mu _\omega $$ F ω μ as studied in the literature. Decidability results for type equivalence of the various type languages are obtained from the transl

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Petit, Samuel, and Gérard Coquerel. "The Amorphous State." In Polymorphism. Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/3527607889.ch10.

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Lubach, Joseph W., and Eric J. Munson. "Solid-state NMR Spectroscopy." In Polymorphism. Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/3527607889.ch4.

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Kimura, K., F. Hirayama, and K. Uekama. "Effect of Amorphous ß-Cyclodextrins on Crystallization and Polymorphic Transition of Tolbutamide in Solid State." In Proceedings of the Ninth International Symposium on Cyclodextrins. Springer Netherlands, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-4681-4_69.

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Hilfiker, Rolf, Fritz Blatter, and Markus von Raumer. "Relevance of Solid-state Properties for Pharmaceutical Products." In Polymorphism. Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/3527607889.ch1.

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Chalmers, John M., and Geoffrey Dent. "Vibrational Spectroscopic Methods in Pharmaceutical Solid-state Characterization." In Polymorphism. Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/3527607889.ch5.

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Delhaye, Cyrille. "14. The CIX Archives." In Meta-Xenakis. Open Book Publishers, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.11647/obp.0390.16.

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The work conducted around the conservation and valorization of the CIX archives since 2010 shows that the main collection includes all the archival documents of the association Les Ateliers UPIC. This association, founded by Iannis Xenakis in 1985, promoted the machine for aiding composition through drawing, invented at the CEMAMu in 1977, through a whole series of pedagogical actions, including composition workshops and concerts throughout the world. Among the traces left by the circa 130 composers who came to Paris to compose on UPIC, a folder constituted by Iannis Xenakis for Taurhiphanie c

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Descamps, Marc, Emeline Dudognon, and Jean-François Willart. "The Amorphous State." In Polymorphism in the Pharmaceutical Industry. Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9783527697847.ch7.

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Price, Sarah L., and Louise S. Price. "Computational Polymorph Prediction." In Solid State Characterization of Pharmaceuticals. John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9780470656792.ch12.

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Conference papers on the topic "Polymorphic state"

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McMahon, Robert F. "The Zebra Mussel - the Biological Basis of Its Macrofouling and Potential for Distribution in North America." In CORROSION 1992. NACE International, 1992. https://doi.org/10.5006/c1992-92342.

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Abstract Dreissena polymorpha (zebra mussel), was introduced to the Great Lakes in 1986 and is now in Lakes St Clair, Erie, Michigan and Ontario and the St Lawrence River with isolated populations in Lakes Huron and Superior. Its planktonic "veliger" larva is dispersed on water currents and adults, by human and natural vectors. It has recently invaded portions of the Illinois, upper Mississippi, lower Ohio, lower Tennessee, Mohawk, Seneca, Hudson and Susquehanna Rivers and Lakes Oneida, Cayuga, and Seneca. Veligers settle in raw water systems and grow to adults. Attached by byssal threads to h

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Everett, Tom, Jeremy Holtsclaw, Elliot McDonald, Vignesh Sathyaseelan, Zhichen Nian, and Nate Schultheiss. "Thermodynamic Stability Determination of MEA-Dithiazine Polymorphs: An Experimental and Computational Exercise." In SPE International Conference on Oilfield Chemistry. SPE, 2025. https://doi.org/10.2118/224230-ms.

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Abstract Substituted 1,3,5-triazines for hydrogen sulfide (H2S) scavenging have established themselves as reliable and economical solutions in the oil and gas industry. Aqueous MEA-triazine is the most used, non-regenerative scavenger in the industry, and its resulting reaction product, MEA-dithiazine, is a ubiquitous and well-studied molecule. However, despite its storied history as a H2S scavenger, only recently were the two reported crystalline polymorphic forms I and II of MEA-dithiazine identified and structurally compared. Polymorphism is defined as different crystal structures/forms of

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Swift, D. C. "Ab-initio polymorphic equations of state for silicon." In Shock compression of condensed matter. AIP, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1303437.

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Roy, Sourav, Shahin Tajik, and Domenic Forte. "Polymorphic Sensor to Detect Laser Logic State Imaging Attack." In 2023 24th International Symposium on Quality Electronic Design (ISQED). IEEE, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/isqed57927.2023.10129304.

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Mulero, Rafael, William R. Hesse, Liang Wu, and Min Jun Kim. "Probing Bacterial Flagellar Polymorphism in Various Fluidic Environments Using Solid-State Sub-Micropores." In ASME 2008 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2008-66670.

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A novel method for the detection of an assortment of environmental conditions in a microfluidic system using bacterial flagella and submicro-scale solid state pores is presented. Differences in various environmental conditions stimulate the polymorphic helix structure of Salmonella typhimurium flagella to transform to its lowest energetic conformation. By measuring the ionic current blockage (resistive pulse) as flagella electrophoretically translocate a submicro-scale pore, detection of the polymorphic state of flagella corresponding to the conditions of the environmental stimuli is possible.

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Abraham, B. Moses, and G. Vaitheeswaran. "First principles study of pressure induced polymorphic phase transition in trimethylamine." In DAE SOLID STATE PHYSICS SYMPOSIUM 2017. Author(s), 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.5028587.

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Saxena, Nikhil, and Ranga Vemuri. "ISPLock: A Hybrid Internal State Locking Method Using Polymorphic Gates." In 2022 IEEE Computer Society Annual Symposium on VLSI (ISVLSI). IEEE, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/isvlsi54635.2022.00037.

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Zeitler, J. Axel, Philip F. Taday, Keith C. Gordon, Michael Pepper, and Thomas Rades. "Time-resolved terahertz spectroscopy: Polymorphic solid state phase transitions in carbamazepine." In 2007 Joint 32nd International Conference on Infrared and Millimeter Waves and the 15th International Conference on Terahertz Electronics (IRMMW-THz). IEEE, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icimw.2007.4516597.

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Basaric, Farah, Anton Faustmann, Alexander Pawlis, et al. "Aharonov-Bohm-type oscillations in selectively-grown polymorphic core/shell GaAs/InAs nanowires." In 2023 International Conference on Solid State Devices and Materials. The Japan Society of Applied Physics, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.7567/ssdm.2023.b-2-03.

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Astaf'eva, E. A., T. A. Tolochko, and A. A. Timofeeva. "THE EFFECT OF POLYMORPHISM OF THE MTHFR C677T GENE ON THE MORPHOFUNCTIONAL STATE OF LYMPHOCYTES DURING DRUG INTOXICATION." In I International Congress “The Latest Achievements of Medicine, Healthcare, and Health-Saving Technologies”. Kemerovo State University, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.21603/-i-ic-8.

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The prevalence of opioid dependence among the able-bodied population is an important medical and social problem. Methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) plays a key role in the metabolism of narcotic drugs. A decrease in the enzyme activity in polymorphic variants of the gene encoding it is associated with a decrease in the immunity of opioid addiction patients.

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Reports on the topic "Polymorphic state"

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Breiman, Adina, Jan Dvorak, Abraham Korol, and Eduard Akhunov. Population Genomics and Association Mapping of Disease Resistance Genes in Israeli Populations of Wild Relatives of Wheat, Triticum dicoccoides and Aegilops speltoides. United States Department of Agriculture, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2011.7697121.bard.

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Wheat is the most widely grown crop on earth, together with rice it is second to maize in total global tonnage. One of the emerging threats to wheat is stripe (yellow) rust, especially in North Africa, West and Central Asia and North America. The most efficient way to control plant diseases is to introduce disease resistant genes. However, the pathogens can overcome rapidly the effectiveness of these genes when they are wildly used. Therefore, there is a constant need to find new resistance genes to replace the non-effective genes. The resistance gene pool in the cultivated wheat is depleted a

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Reisch, Bruce, Pinhas Spiegel-Roy, Norman Weeden, Gozal Ben-Hayyim, and Jacques Beckmann. Genetic Analysis in vitis Using Molecular Markers. United States Department of Agriculture, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/1995.7613014.bard.

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Genetic analysis and mapping in grapes has been difficult because of the long generation period and paucity of genetic markers. In the present work, chromosome linkage maps were developed with RAPD, RFLP and isozyme loci in interspecific hybrid cultivars, and RAPD markers were produced in a V. vinifera population. In three cultivars, there were 19 linkage groups as expected for a species with 38 somatic chromosomes. These maps were used to locate chromosome regions with linkages to important genes, including those influencing powdery mildew and botrytis bunch rot resistance; flower sex; and be

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Hirankarn, Nattiya, Tanapat Palaga, Yingyos Avihingsanon, and Pimpayao Sodsai. The characterization of the two new genes, PTGS2 and PSN2 involving in the T lymphocyte apoptosis of lupus patients: Role of genetic polymorphism and epigenetic alteration. Chulalongkorn University, 2006. https://doi.org/10.58837/chula.res.2006.28.

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Systemic lupus erthematosus (SLE) is a prototype of autoimmune disease characterized by tissue deposition of autoantibody immune complex formation. However, etiology of disease remains unclarified. Defects of T lymphocytes lead to loss of immunological tolerance and support autoantibody production suggested that they may consistently have a central role in pathogenesis of SLE. Notch signaling is an evolutionarily conserved pathway responsible for thymocyte development, activation, proliferation, differentiation and T cell functions. Several evidences suggest Notch signaling involvement in auto

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Funkenstein, Bruria, and Shaojun (Jim) Du. Interactions Between the GH-IGF axis and Myostatin in Regulating Muscle Growth in Sparus aurata. United States Department of Agriculture, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2009.7696530.bard.

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Growth rate of cultured fish from hatching to commercial size is a major factor in the success of aquaculture. The normal stimulus for muscle growth in growing fish is not well understood and understanding the regulation of muscle growth in fish is of particular importance for aquaculture. Fish meat constitutes mostly of skeletal muscles and provides high value proteins in most people's diet. Unlike mammals, fish continue to grow throughout their lives, although the size fish attain, as adults, is species specific. Evidence indicates that muscle growth is regulated positively and negatively by

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Freeman, Stanley, and Daniel Legard. Epidemiology and Etiology of Colletotrichum Species Causing Strawberry Diseases. United States Department of Agriculture, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2001.7695845.bard.

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Diseases caused by Colletotrichum spp. are one of the most important limitations on international strawberry production, affecting all vegetative and fruiting parts of the plant. From 1995 to 1997, C. acutatum infections reached epidemic levels in Israeli strawberry nurseries, causing extensive loss of transplants in fruit-bearing fields and additional reductions in yield. Although C. acutatum also occurs on strawberry in Florida, recent crown rot epidemics have been primarily caused by C. gloeosporioides. Little is known about the basic epidemiology of these important diseases on strawberry.

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Abbott, Albert G., Doron Holland, Douglas Bielenberg, and Gregory Reighard. Structural and Functional Genomic Approaches for Marking and Identifying Genes that Control Chilling Requirement in Apricot and Peach Trees. United States Department of Agriculture, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2009.7591742.bard.

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Structural and functional genomic approaches for marking and identifying genes that control chilling requirement in apricot and peach trees. Specific aims: 1) Identify and characterize the genetic nature of chilling requirement for flowering and dormancy break of vegetative shoots in Prunusgermplasm through the utilization of existing apricot (NeweYa'ar Research Center, ARO) and peach (Clemson University) genetic mapping populations; 2) Use molecular genetic mapping techniques to identify markers flanking genomic regions controlling chilling; 3) Comparatively map the regions controlling chilli

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Eldar, Avigdor, and Donald L. Evans. Streptococcus iniae Infections in Trout and Tilapia: Host-Pathogen Interactions, the Immune Response Toward the Pathogen and Vaccine Formulation. United States Department of Agriculture, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2000.7575286.bard.

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In Israel and in the U.S., Streptococcus iniae is responsible for considerable losses in various fish species. Poor understanding of its virulence factors and limited know-how-to of vaccine formulation and administration are the main reasons for the limited efficacy of vaccines. Our strategy was that in order to Improve control measures, both aspects should be equally addressed. Our proposal included the following objectives: (i) construction of host-pathogen interaction models; (ii) characterization of virulence factors and immunodominant antigens, with assessment of their relative importance

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Weller, Joel I., Ignacy Misztal, and Micha Ron. Optimization of methodology for genomic selection of moderate and large dairy cattle populations. United States Department of Agriculture, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2015.7594404.bard.

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The main objectives of this research was to detect the specific polymorphisms responsible for observed quantitative trait loci and develop optimal strategies for genomic evaluations and selection for moderate (Israel) and large (US) dairy cattle populations. A joint evaluation using all phenotypic, pedigree, and genomic data is the optimal strategy. The specific objectives were: 1) to apply strategies for determination of the causative polymorphisms based on the “a posteriori granddaughter design” (APGD), 2) to develop methods to derive unbiased estimates of gene effects derived from SNP chips

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Hedrick, Ronald, and Herve Bercovier. Characterization and Control of KHV, A New Herpes Viral Pathogen of Koi and Common Carp. United States Department of Agriculture, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2004.7695871.bard.

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In this project we proposed to characterize the virus genome and the structural virion polypeptides to allow development of improved diagnostic approaches and potential vaccination strategies. These goals have been mostly achieved and the corresponding data were published in three papers (see below) and three more manuscripts are in preparation. The virion polypeptides of KHV strains isolated from USA (KHV-U) and Israel (KHV-I) were found to be identical. Purified viral DNA analyzed with a total of 5 restriction enzymes demonstrated no fragment length polymorphism between KHV-I and KHV-U but b

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Funkenstein, Bruria, and Cunming Duan. GH-IGF Axis in Sparus aurata: Possible Applications to Genetic Selection. United States Department of Agriculture, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2000.7580665.bard.

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Many factors affect growth rate in fish: environmental, nutritional, genetics and endogenous (physiological) factors. Endogenous control of growth is very complex and many hormone systems are involved. Nevertheless, it is well accepted that growth hormone (GH) plays a major role in stimulating somatic growth. Although it is now clear that most, if not all, components of the GH-IGF axis exist in fish, we are still far from understanding how fish grow. In our project we used as the experimental system a marine fish, the gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata), which inhabits lagoons along the Mediter

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