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1
Dennison, John, Jules Kieser, and Peter Herbison. "The Incidence and Expression of the Subcondylar Tubercle of the Mandible in Early Polynesians, Modern Indians and Modern Europeans." Anthropologischer Anzeiger 63, no. 2 (May 23, 2005): 129–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1127/anthranz/63/2005/129.
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Dudeja, V., A. Misra, R. M. Pandey, G. Devina, G. Kumar, and N. K. Vikram. "BMI does not accurately predict overweight in Asian Indians in northern India." British Journal of Nutrition 86, no. 1 (July 2001): 105–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/bjn2001382.
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Asian Indians are at high risk for the development of atherosclerosis and related complications, possibly initiated by higher body fat (BF). The present study attempted to establish appropriate cut-off levels of the BMI for defining overweight, considering percentage BF in healthy Asian Indians in northern India as the standard. A total of 123 healthy volunteers (eighty-six males aged 18–75 years and thirty-seven females aged 20–69 years) participated in the study. Clinical examination and anthropometric measurements were performed, and percentage BF was calculated. BMI for males was 21·4 (SD 3·7) KG/M2 AND FOR FEMALES WAS 23·3 (sd 5·5) kg/m2. Percentage BF was 21·3 (sd 7·6) in males and 35·4 (sd 5·0) in females. A comparison of BF data among Caucasians, Blacks, Polynesians and Asian ethnic groups (e.g. immigrant Chinese) revealed conspicuous differences. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis showed a low sensitivity and negative predictive value of the conventional cut-off value of the BMI (25 kg/m2) in identifying subjects with overweight as compared to the cut-off value based on percentage BF (males >25, females >30). This observation is particularly obvious in females, resulting in substantial misclassification. Based on the ROC curve, a lower cut-off value of the BMI (21·5 kg/m2 for males and 19·0 kg/m2 for females) displayed the optimal sensitivity and specificity, and less misclassification in identification of subjects with high percentage BF. Furthermore, a novel obesity variable, BF:BMI, was tested and should prove useful for interethnic comparison of body composition. In the northern Indian population, the conventional cut-off level of the BMI underestimates overweight and obesity when percentage BF is used as the standard to define overweight. These preliminary findings, if confirmed in a larger number of subjects and with the use of instruments having a higher accuracy of BF assessment, would be crucial for planning and the prevention and treatment of various obesity-related metabolic diseases in the Asian Indian population.
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Trautmann, Thomas R. "Discovering Aryan and Dravidian in British India." Historiographia Linguistica 31, no. 1 (July 30, 2004): 33–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/hl.31.1.04tra.
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Summary British India was an especially fruitful site for the development of historical linguistics. Four major, unanticipated discoveries were especially associated with the East India Company: those of Indo-European, Dravidian, Malayo-Polynesian and the Indo-Aryan nature of Romani. It is argued that they came about in British India because the European tradition of language analysis met and combined with aspects of the highly sophisticated Indian language analysis. The discoveries of Indo-European and Dravidian, the subject of this article, were connected with the British-Indian cities of Calcutta and Madras, respectively, and the conditions under which they came about are examined. The production of new knowledge in British India is generally viewed through the lens of post-colonial theory, and is seen as having been driven by the needs of colonial governance. This essay sketches out a different way of looking at aspects of colonial knowledge that fall outside the colonial utility framework. It views these discoveries and their consequences as emergent products of two distinct traditions of language study which the British and the Indians brought to the colonial connection. If this is so, it follows that some aspects of modernism tacitly absorb Indian knowledge, specifically Indian language analysis. Indian phonology, among other things, is an example of this process.
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Braun, Norbert A., Jean-François Butaud, Jean-Pierre Bianchini, Birgit Kohlenberg, Franz-Josef Hammerschmidt, Manfred Meier, and Phila Raharivelomanana. "Eastern Polynesian Sandalwood Oil (Santalum insulare Bertero ex A. DC.) – a Detailed Investigation." Natural Product Communications 2, no. 6 (June 2007): 1934578X0700200. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1934578x0700200615.
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Three qualities of Eastern Polynesian sandalwood oil were analyzed using GC and GC-MS. Sixty-six constituents were identified: 5 monoterpenes, 58 sesquiterpenes and 3 others. The main constituents of the essential oils were ( Z)-α-santalol and ( Z)-β-santalol. Beside chemical composition, olfactory evaluation and chiral gas chromatography of β- and epi-β-bisabolol isomers confirmed the close relationship of Eastern Polynesian to East Indian and New Caledonian sandalwood oil.
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Ginter, Earl J., Ann Glauser, and Bert O. Richmond. "Loneliness, Social Support, and Anxiety among Two South Pacific Cultures." Psychological Reports 74, no. 3 (June 1994): 875–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pr0.1994.74.3.875.
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This study was designed to investigate the relations among two sources of social support, various aspects of loneliness, and anxiety from two different cultural groups. One group was comprised of Polynesian, Melanesian, and Micronesian people ( n = 54) and the other of East Indian and Caucasian people ( n = 27). As hypothesized, significant correlations (direct and inverse) between scores on a measure of social support and loneliness were found and a positive one between anxiety and loneliness.
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Singh, Anurudh K., Kirti Singh, and P. I. Peter. "Revisiting the origin of the domestication of noni (Morinda citrifolia L.)." Plant Genetic Resources 9, no. 4 (October 12, 2011): 549–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1479262111000864.
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Based on the distribution, molecular similarity and use of Morinda citrifolia L., and occurrence of a wild Morinda species, Southeast Asia and Micronesia have been suggested to be the places where noni originated. The present article discusses the indices used by Vavilov and subsequent authorities on the origin of crop plants to argue that South Asia (Southeast India) has a greater probability of being the centre of domestication/origin for noni than Southeast Asia or Micronesia. The basic reasoning is that economically important plant cannot originate without richness in biodiversity and ingenuity of local people. India with rich floristic diversity, one of the centres of origin of crop plants with a natural distribution of Morinda species, including M. citrifolia L. and its immediate ancestors, has the oldest reference of occurrence, use and cultivation (Vedic literature); therefore, it appears to be the more probable centre of noni's origin. The ancient history of the expansion of Indian culture, religion and trade to Southeast Asian countries corroborate the possible role of Indians in the introduction of noni or knowledge regarding its value to Southeast Asia, from which it was carried to Micronesia and Polynesia, which provided a more favourable environmental niche for perpetuation and use.
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Dash, Michael. "Martinique is (not) a Polynesian island: detours of French West Indian identity." International Journal of Francophone Studies 11, no. 1 and 2 (September 2010): 123–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1386/ijfs.11.1and2.123/1.
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Dash, Michael. "Martinique is (not) a Polynesian island: detours of French West Indian identity." International Journal of Francophone Studies 11, no. 1 (June 16, 2008): 123–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1386/ijfs.11.1and2.123_1.
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Shepherd, Bart, Tyler A. Y. Phelps, Hudson T. Pinheiro, Claudia R. Rocha, and Luiz A. Rocha. "Two new species of Plectranthias (Teleostei, Serranidae, Anthiadinae) from mesophotic coral ecosystems in the tropical Central Pacific." ZooKeys 941 (June 16, 2020): 145–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.941.50243.
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Two new species of Plectranthias perchlets are described, collected from mesophotic coral ecosystems in French Polynesia and the Republic of the Marshall Islands, in the tropical Central Pacific. Plectranthias polygoniussp. nov. was collected at a depth of 105 m in Tahiti, French Polynesia, and 120 m in Maloelap Atoll, Republic of the Marshall Islands. It was also observed in Moorea and Rangiroa (French Polynesia), and at Majuro and Erikub Atolls, Republic of the Marshall Islands. Plectranthias hinanosp. nov. was collected at a depth of 90–98 m in Tahiti, French Polynesia, and observed in Moorea. The barcode fragment of the cytochrome oxidase I gene of Plectranthias polygoniussp. nov. does not closely match any published sequence of Plectranthias, with approximately 15% uncorrected divergence from several species. Plectranthias polygoniussp. nov. can be distinguished from all of its congeners by coloration and morphology. The barcode fragment of the COI gene of Plectranthias hinanosp. nov. is closest to Plectranthias bennetti, with 5.4% uncorrected divergence. Plectranthias hinanosp. nov. is also distinguished from all of its congeners by morphology, and a coloration that includes two indistinct black spots along the base of the dorsal-fin, and transparent yellow dorsal and anal fin membranes. With this publication, the genus Plectranthias now comprises 58 valid species, with representatives from tropical to temperate waters of the Atlantic, Pacific, and Indian oceans. These two new discoveries add to the growing body of research highlighting the rich biodiversity of mesophotic ecosystems.
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F. Recher, H. "Guide to the Birds of Fiji and Western Polynesia." Pacific Conservation Biology 9, no. 3 (2003): 234. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/pc030234.
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FEW taxa have suffered at the expansion of humanity to the extent of the birds of Pacific Islands. Of the 130 or so birds to become extinct as a consequence of European exploration and colonization of the Pacific, most were island birds and most were flightless rails. Not so well understood is the scale of extinctions that accompanied pre-European colonization of the Pacific islands. Only now is the paleontological record revealing the richness of the lost Pacific avifauna much of which can be put on a par with the loss of moas from New Zealand and the Dodo Raphus cucullatus from Mauritius in the Indian Ocean.
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ACHITUV, YAIR, and YAAKOV LANGZAM. "Two new species of Trevathana (Crustacea, Cirripedia, Balanomorpha, Pyrgomatidae) from the Western Indian Ocean and French Polynesia." Zootaxa 2116, no. 1 (May 25, 2009): 46–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.2116.1.2.
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Two new species of the Pyrgomatid barnacle Trevathana are described: Trevathana synthesysae nov. sp., extracted from Plesiastrea versipora from the Indian Ocean Islands Réunion and Mauritius, and Trevathana isfae nov. sp. from a colony of Favia stelligera from French Polynesia, which, until recently, was terra incognita with regard to coral-inhabiting barnacles. The two new species are distinctive by their relatively broad scutum as compared to Trevathana dentatum, their prominent adductor ridge extending beyond the basal margin of the scutum, and their quadrangular tergum.
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Braun, Norbert A., Sherina Sim, Birgit Kohlenberg, and Brian M. Lawrence. "Hawaiian Sandalwood: Oil Composition of Santalum paniculatum and Comparison with Other Sandal Species." Natural Product Communications 9, no. 9 (September 2014): 1934578X1400900. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1934578x1400900936.
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Four commercial qualities of Hawaiian sandalwood oil produced from wood of Santalum paniculatum originating from the island of Hawaii (“The Big Island”) were analyzed using GC and GC-MS. Main constituents of the oils were ( Z)-α-santalol (34.5–40.4%) and ( Z)-β-santalol (11.0–16.2%). An odor evaluation of the oils was carried out against East Indian sandalwood oil. In addition, the chemical composition of Hawaiian sandalwood oil was compared with four different Santalum species originating from East India, New Caledonia, Eastern Polynesia and Australia, respectively.
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NGUYEN, T. S., and PETER K. L. NG. "A new genus of the family Portunidae (Crustacea: Decapoda: Brachyura) and the identity of Portunus (Cycloachelous) yoronensis Sakai, 1974." Zootaxa 2677, no. 1 (November 16, 2010): 38. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.2677.1.4.
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A new genus is established for Neptunus (Achelous) dubia Laurie, 1906, a species that ranges from the eastern Indian Ocean to the Philippines and French Polynesia. This species is probably closest to Cycloachelous Ward, 1942, with regard to the carapace shape and form of the chelipeds, but has a very unique adult male sternal medial groove with two prominent deep depressions on sternite 8 in the sterno-abdominal cavity to accommodate distinctive male first gonopods, that differs from all known portunid genera. Portunus (Cycloachelous) yoronensis Sakai, 1974, described from Japan, is confirmed to be a junior synonym of N. (A.) dubia Laurie, 1906.
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AHNELT, HARALD, and MICHAEL SAUBERER. "Deep-water, offshore, and new records of Schindler’s fishes, Schindleria (Teleostei, Gobiidae), from the Indo-west Pacific collected during the Dana-Expedition, 1928–1930." Zootaxa 4731, no. 4 (February 10, 2020): 451–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4731.4.1.
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Schindleria (Giltay (1934), Schindler’s fishes (or infantfishes), is a genus of small (< 22 mm) paedomorphic species of the family Gobiidae which mature extremely fast. These fishes occur from the eastern Pacific (Cocos Islands off Costa Rica, seamounts Nazca and Sala y Gómez) to the southwestern Indian Ocean (southeast Africa). Nevertheless, there is a large gap in the distributional area between the Philippines (western Pacific) and India/Sri Lanka (Central Indian Ocean) which spans nearly 5000 km. We present the first comprehensive documentation of published records of Schindleria together with samples collected during the Dana-Expedition, between 1928 and 1930 at 44 stations from Polynesia to southeast Africa, with 8 records from the western Pacific to the Central Indian Ocean. We present three first records, 18 new records and the southernmost record for the Indian Ocean. Although Schindler’s fishes were generally documented from or close to islands and reefs, we present 23 offshore records (at least 30 km distant to a shore or reef) and 27 deep-water records (at least 65 m deep). Records between 320 and 360 km offshore are the most extreme offshore records of Schindleria ever documented. The records from about 500- and 1000-m depths are the deepest ever documented for Schindler’s fishes.
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Jędrusik, Maciej. "Nature and Tourism on Tropical and Subtropical Islands." Miscellanea Geographica 11, no. 1 (December 1, 2004): 271–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/mgrsd-2004-0030.
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Abstract Tropical and subtropical islands have become an important tourist destination. The islands are concentrated in eight areas of the world. Evaluating the natural tourist potential of these areas, it seems that the most attractive are the islands of Mid and West Indian Ocean and the Polynesia. Yet, these locations are less popular then the theoretically less naturally attractive Caribbean, Mediterranean and East Atlantic islands. This leads to the conclusion that nature is not the most important decisive factor in choosing tourist destinations, and “tourist paradises” are formed on islands regardless of their natural attributes. Tourists are mainly attracted by the “myth” of a tropical island, and the most important criterion is the distance from home and travel time.
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KOMAI, TOMOYUKI, and ARTHUR ANKER. "Two new species of the laomediid genus Naushonia Kingsley, 1897 (Crustacea: Decapoda: Gebiidea) from the Indo-West Pacific." Zootaxa 2504, no. 1 (June 14, 2010): 31. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.2504.1.3.
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Two new species of the rarely collected laomediid genus Naushonia Kingsley, 1897 are reported from shallow waters of the tropical Indo-West Pacific. Naushonia latimana n. sp. is described on the basis of two specimens, a male and a female, collected off Mayotte, Comoro Archipelago, southwestern Indian Ocean. Naushonia serratipalma n. sp. is described based on a single female specimen collected off Moorea, Society Archipelago, French Polynesia, Southwestern Pacific Ocean. Both new species are morphologically similar to N. perrieri (Nobili, 1904) and N. japonica Komai, 2004, but can be clearly distinguished from them by several morphological characters. The present report raises the total number of known species in the genus to 10; an identification key to all known species of Naushonia is provided.
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ANKER, ARTHUR. "Metabetaeus Borradaile, 1899 revisited, with description of a new marine species from French Polynesia (Crustacea: Decapoda: Alpheidae)." Zootaxa 2552, no. 1 (July 29, 2010): 37. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.2552.1.2.
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The alpheid shrimp genus Metabetaeus was previously known from two species associated with anchialine pools and caves, M. minutus (Whitelegge, 1897) and M. lohena Banner & Banner, 1960. In the present study, a somewhat unusual, coral reef inhabiting species of Metabetaeus, M. mcphersonae n. sp., is described based on one male and three female specimens collected off Moorea, Society Islands, French Polynesia. A detailed diagnosis of Metabetaeus is provided for the first time, accommodating characters of all three species. Distribution ranges are updated for M. minutus, recorded for the first time from Sulawesi and Christmas Island in the Indian Ocean, and for M. lohena, recorded for the first time from Rapa Nui (Easter Island). A key to the species of Metabetaeus is also provided.
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Van der Stocken, Tom, Dustin Carroll, Dimitris Menemenlis, Marc Simard, and Nico Koedam. "Global-scale dispersal and connectivity in mangroves." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 116, no. 3 (December 31, 2018): 915–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1812470116.
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Dispersal provides a key mechanism for geographical range shifts in response to changing environmental conditions. For mangroves, which are highly susceptible to climate change, the spatial scale of dispersal remains largely unknown. Here we use a high-resolution, eddy- and tide-resolving numerical ocean model to simulate mangrove propagule dispersal across the global ocean and generate connectivity matrices between mangrove habitats using a range of floating periods. We find high rates of along-coast transport and transoceanic dispersal across the Atlantic, Pacific, and Indian Oceans. No connectivity is observed between populations on either side of the American and African continents. Archipelagos, such as the Galapagos and those found in Polynesia, Micronesia, and Melanesia, act as critical stepping-stones for dispersal across the Pacific Ocean. Direct and reciprocal dispersal routes across the Indian Ocean via the South Equatorial Current and seasonally reversing monsoon currents, respectively, allow connectivity between western Indian Ocean and Indo-West Pacific sites. We demonstrate the isolation of the Hawaii Islands and help explain the presence of mangroves on the latitudinal outlier Bermuda. Finally, we find that dispersal distance and connectivity are highly sensitive to the minimum and maximum floating periods. We anticipate that our findings will guide future research agendas to quantify biophysical factors that determine mangrove dispersal and connectivity, including the influence of ocean surface water properties on metabolic processes and buoyancy behavior, which may determine the potential of viably reaching a suitable habitat. Ultimately, this will lead to a better understanding of global mangrove species distributions and their response to changing climate conditions.
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MACPHERSON, ENRIQUE, and AYMEE ROBAINAS-BARCIA. "A new genus and some new species of the genus Lauriea Baba, 1971 (Crustacea, Decapoda, Galatheidae) from the Pacific and Indian Oceans, using molecular and morphological characters." Zootaxa 3599, no. 2 (January 4, 2013): 136–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3599.2.2.
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The genus Lauriea belongs to the family Galatheidae and is easily differentiated from other genera of the family by the endopod of the uropod being much wider than long and the dactyli of the walking legs being curved and strongly biunguiculate. Examination of many specimens collected during recent expeditions from Madagascar to French Polynesia and using morphological and molecular data revealed the existence of six species, five of them new, that are genetically distinct yet morphologically very similar. Furthermore, another new species, having a triunguiculate P2–4 dactyli, represents a new genus, Triodonthea.
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Gibson, Bentley, Erin Robbins, and Philippe Rochat. "White Bias in 3–7-Year-Old Children across Cultures." Journal of Cognition and Culture 15, no. 3-4 (August 26, 2015): 344–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15685373-12342155.
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In three studies we report data confirming and extending the finding of a tendency toward a White preference bias by young children of various ethnic backgrounds. European American preschoolers who identify with a White doll also prefer it to a Black doll. In contrast, same age African American children who identify with a Black doll do not show a significant preference for it over a White doll. These results are comparable in African American children attending either a racially mixed (heterogeneous), or an Afro-centric, all African American (homogenous) preschool. These results show the persistence of an observation that contributed to school de-segregation in the United States. Results also reveal a lack of congruence between skin color identity and preference is not limited to African Americans. There is a comparable, if not stronger White preference bias in five to seven-year-old Polynesian and Melanesian children tested in their native island nations. Using a modified procedure controlling for binary forced choice biases, we confirm these findings with second generation American children of Indian descent showing clear signs of a White (lighter skin preference) bias. These results are consistent with the idea that during the preschool years children are sensitive and attracted to signs of higher social status that, for historical reasons and across cultures, tends to be associated with lighter skin color.
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DELRIEU-TROTTIN, ERWAN, JEFFREY T. WILLIAMS, and SERGE PLANES. "Macropharyngodon pakoko, a new species of wrasse (Teleostei: Labridae) endemic to the Marquesas Islands, French Polynesia." Zootaxa 3857, no. 3 (August 29, 2014): 433. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3857.3.6.
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A new species of wrasse, Macropharyngodon pakoko, is described from the Marquesas Islands, bringing the total number of species of the genus Macropharyngodon to 12. Macropharyngodon pakoko was found at depths from 0-42 m and is endemic to the Marquesas Islands. Macropharyngodon pakoko is similar to M. meleagris, which is widely distributed from the central and western Pacific to Cocos-Keeling in the Indian Ocean, but differs genetically and in several coloration characters: males with irregularly curved black humeral blotch with incomplete iridescent blue border; inverted irregular “U”- shaped band on the cheek; a small black spot at the upper base of the pectoral fin; and background color of the body greenish with faint bluish black spots on each scale. Females lack black pigment on the chest posterior to the ventral attachment of the gill membranes; reddish black blotches on the body are widely spaced, particularly on the head where they are more reddish and half the size of those on body; caudal fin with small, bright yellow spots arranged in narrow vertical bands with pale interspaces; pelvic fins pale with three reddish yellow cross-bands; a small black spot at the upper base of the pectoral fin; and small reddish spots along the base of the anal fin. Juveniles have irregular black blotches on the body, a small black spot instead of an ocellus posteriorly on the dorsal fin and lack large black spots and ocellus on the anal fin.
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Austin, Jeremy J., Vincent Bretagnolle, and Eric Pasquet. "A Global Molecular Phylogeny of the Small Puffinus Shearwaters and Implications for Systematics of the Little-Audubon's Shearwater Complex." Auk 121, no. 3 (July 1, 2004): 847–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/auk/121.3.847.
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Abstract A molecular phylogeny based on 917 base pairs (bp) of the mitochondrial (mt) DNA cytochrome-b gene was used to test and reassess the systematics and conflicting taxonomic treatments of the small, black-and-white Puffinus shearwaters, including the P. assimilis-lherminieri species complex. Three geographically discrete clades were identified in the North Atlantic, Southern (Australasia) and tropical Pacific and Indian oceans that contain most of the P. assimilis-lherminieri taxa. Together with four other lineages (P. puffinus, P. opisthomelas, P. mauretanicus-P. yelkouan, P. newelli-P. myrtae), they form an unresolved polytomy. Puffinus huttoni-P. gavia, P. nativitatis, and P. subalaris are basal to this. The phylogenetic positions of P. myrtae and P. subalaris are unexpected and warrant further investigation. None of the competing taxonomic treatments of the P. assimilis-lherminieri complex are supported. Instead, our phylogeny suggests that 14 taxa should be recognized, whereas five others (loyemilleri, colstoni, nicolae, polynesiae, and atrodorsalis) are phylogenetically undifferentiated from more widespread species (lherminieri, dichrous, and bailloni) and are probably not valid. Similarities in plumage and external morphological characters between unrelated species and differences between closely related species suggest that those traditional taxonomic characters are poor indicators of phylogenetic relatedness.
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Farhadi, Ahmad, Hamid Farhamand, Mohammad Ali Nematollahi, Andrew Jeffs, and Shane D. Lavery. "Mitochondrial DNA population structure of the scalloped lobster Panulirus homarus (Linnaeus 1758) from the West Indian Ocean." ICES Journal of Marine Science 70, no. 7 (July 24, 2013): 1491–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/icesjms/fst097.
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Abstract Farhadi, A., Farhamand, H., Nematollahi, M. A., Jeffs, A., and Lavery, S. D. 2013. Mitochondrial DNA population structure of the scalloped lobster Panulirus homarus (Linnaeus 1758) from the West Indian Ocean. – ICES Journal of Marine Science, 70: . The scalloped spiny lobster Panulirus homarus (Linnaeus, 1758) is a highly valuable species with a widespread global distribution, ranging from South Africa around the Persian Gulf, and across the Indo-Pacific as far as Japan and French Polynesia. Throughout its range, the species is an important fisheries species with global annual landings in the order of 3000 t. Mitochondrial control region DNA sequences (625 bp) were used to investigate the population genetic structure of this species in the West Indian Ocean (WIO), using 137 individuals collected from four sites, including two locations along the south coast of Iran, and sites along the coast of the Sultanate of Oman in the Arab Sea, as well as Tanzania in eastern Africa. High levels of haplotype diversity (H = 0.997) were observed in all populations, although nucleotide diversity was relatively low (pi = 0.035). The hypothesis of a single stock in this region was rejected, with highly significant genetic differentiation revealed between Tanzania and the remaining locations (overall ΦST = 0.039, p < 0.00001), as well as slight genetic structure in the Arabian Sea region. Historical population expansion was inferred from Tajima's D and Fu's F tests. The results reveal at least two distinct genetic stocks in WIO and may have major implications for fisheries management.
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Cawte, John. "Psychoactive Substances of the South Seas: Betel, Kava and Pituri." Australian & New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry 19, no. 1 (March 1985): 83–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/00048678509158818.
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Before white man brought his alcohol to the South Pacific, the indigenes were using many wild plants possessing psychoactive properties. The most prominent were betel in much of Melanesia, kava in much of Polynesia, and pituri in much of Australia. The use of each of these three drugs was widespread, institutionalised as a ritual and the occasion for extensive trade. Each was valued for its effect in reducing tension or in producing altered states of consciousness. Each was also capable of inducing intoxication. Since few physicians nowadays have had my opportunity to observe the use of all three of these substances, their main features are recalled here. Attention is paid to their traditional use and probable future use, to their pharmacological and clinical properties, and to their place in the zeitgeist of people and period. There is no indication that these substances will be espoused by the drug enthusiasts of the West as avidly as other ethno-psychopharmacological agents such as Peruvian coca leaf, the Indian hemp, the Asian poppy, or the American tobacco. The possibility, however, of some use in the West cannot be discounted.
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GAITHER, MICHELLE R., and JOHN E. RANDALL. "Reclassification of the Indo-Pacific Hawkfish Cirrhitus pinnulatus (Forster)." Zootaxa 3599, no. 2 (January 4, 2013): 189–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3599.2.5.
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The hawkfish Cirrhitus pinnulatus Forster (in Bloch & Schneider 1801) was regarded as one wide-ranging Indo-Pacific species, from the Red Sea and east coast of Africa to the Hawaiian Islands and the islands of French Polynesia. Schultz (1950) resurrected the name C. alternatus Gill for the population in the Hawaiian Islands and Johnston Atoll, and described the Red Sea population as a new species, C. spilotoceps, based on morphological data. Randall (1963) confirmed the differences that Schultz used to separate Cirrhitus pinnulatus into three species, but preferred to regard them as subspecies. We examined more specimens, colour photographs, and used genetic comparisons to determine the validity of the three species recognized by Schultz (1950). Combining mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase I and cytochrome b sequence data from specimens of C. pinnulatus pinnulatus from the Indo-Pacific, C. spilotoceps from the Red Sea, and C. pinnulatus maculosus from Hawai‘i, we detected levels of sequence divergence (5–12%) that support the species-level designation of C. spilotoceps. We detected no genetic differentiation but maintain the subspecies designation of the Hawaiian form based on morphological and colour differences. We found a third genetic lineage in the Indian Ocean and Western Pacific that is 5% divergent from C. spilotoceps. We refrain from designating this group as a separate subspecies until further morphological and genetic study can be completed.
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Henige, David. "Impossible to Disprove Yet Impossible to Believe: the Unforgiving Epistemology of Deep-Time Oral Tradition." History in Africa 36 (2009): 127–234. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/hia.2010.0014.
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This is not a real old time myth but it is what they say now, and it must have been like that.This man from Ulimang was highly skilled in the art of warfare—like Eisenhower.A Tahitian businessman who provides ‘Polynesian’ entertainment for tourists in Hawaii with a young Marquesan man whom he took to Samoa to be tattooed by their artistsfollowing designs recorded by early European visitors.… as for oral Traditions, what certainty can there be in them? What foundation of truth can be laid upon the breath of man? How do we see the reports vary, of those things which our eyes have seen done? How do they multiply in their passage, and either grow, or die upon hazards?Writing about American Indian reactions to their discovery of large fossil remains, Adrienne Mayor observes in passing that “[f]olklore scholars now generally accept that oral traditions about historical events endure for about a thousand years, although some oral myths about geological and astronomical events can be reliably dated to about seven thousand years.” Mayor's chosen task is to demonstrate that American Indian legends suggest that they rightly regarded fossils as the remains of long extinct megafauna populations. In aid of this, Mayor accepts these arguments in her own work. While this claim might seem extravagantprima facie, and while most folklorists would disown Mayor's claim, she is not without support from the work of a relatively small, but not uninfluential (and possibly growing), cadre of anthropologists, mythographers, geologists, and historians, whose efforts on behalf of deep-time oral tradition I address here.Some interesting—even intriguing—things have been happening recently in discussions of the carrying capacity of oral tradition—its long-term historicity, in particular.À laMayor, the thrust of this is to credit tradition with being able to preserve “intact” various pieces of information for as long as tens of thousands of years. To the historian interested in the reality of the past in oral societies, this state of affairs is challenging, perplexing, and no doubt to some, highly promising. If, for instance, it can be demonstrated that certain information in oral data is thousands of years old and at the same time an accurate recollection, then reservations about much later (say, several centuries old) orally transmitted information might need to be reassessed, and with such rethinking would come new ways to approach great swaths of the past.
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Wetterer, James Kelly. "Geographic Spread of Solenopsis globularia (Hymenoptera, Formicidae)." Sociobiology 66, no. 2 (August 20, 2019): 257. http://dx.doi.org/10.13102/sociobiology.v66i2.4333.
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Several species of Solenopsis have spread beyond their native ranges and have become exotic pests, most notably Solenopsis geminata (Fabricius) and Solenopsis invicta Buren. Here, I examine the geographic spread of a smaller, less conspicuous Solenopsis species, Solenopsis globularia (Smith). I compiled S. globularia specimen records from >700 sites. I documented the earliest known S. globularia records for 59 geographic areas (countries, US states, and major West Indian islands), including many for which I found no previously published records: Anguilla, Antigua, Aruba, Barbuda, Bonaire, British Virgin Islands, Congo, Curaçao, Dominica, Martinique, Montserrat, Nevis, St Kitts, St Martin, San Andrés Island, Senegal, Tobago, and Trinidad. Solenopsis globularia has a broad distribution in the New World, from Corrientes, Argentina (28.4°S) in the south to Craven County, North Carolina (35.1°N) in the north. Most S. globularia records came from islands. It is unclear whether S. globularia is native throughout its New World range. For example, it is possible that this species is exotic to the Galapagos Islands. All populations of S. globularia outside the New World are probably exotic, introduced through human commerce, including populations on Atlantic islands (Ascension, Cabo Verde, St Helena), Pacific islands (Hawaii, French Polynesia, Philippines), and Africa (Congo, Ivory Coast, Senegal). On the Cabo Verde islands, off the coast of West Africa, S. globularia is extremely widespread on all nine inhabited islands. Records from nine diverse sites in Ivory Coast indicates that S. globularia is well able to spread in continental Africa as well.
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Dr. M. K. NAIR. "COCONUT GENETIC RESOURCES." CORD 8, no. 01 (December 1, 1992): 34. http://dx.doi.org/10.37833/cord.v8i01.255.
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It is presurned that the generic name, Cocos as well as the popular name coconut are derived from the spanish word ‘coco’ meaning ‘monkey face’ probably a reference to the three sears on the base of the shell resembling a monkey's face (Rosengarten, 1984). The origin of coconut was placed by Martius (1850) on the West Coast of Central America near the Isthmus of Panama. On the basis of evidences for the cultivation of coconut in Sri Lanka by about 300 BC. as well as the discovery of a fossil (Pliocene) Cocos in Newzealand (Hill, 1929) and in the deserts of Rajasthan (Kaul, 1951) the theory of Central American origin has been contested. Early spanish explorers discovered the cultivation of coconut on the Pacific.Coast of Panama in pre‑Columbian times. The first report of appearance of coconut in Western Mexico came around 1540 AD and it is believed to have spread to Mexico in the last decade of the 16th century (Bruman, 1945). It is presurned that coconut might have been carried to Mexico by ocean currents from Polynesia before the discovery of the New World (Purseglove, 1972). The available evidences point to the domestication of coconut in the Indo‑Pacific area (de Candolle, 1886; Beccari, 1917; Vavilov, 1951; Corner, 1966; Child, 1974). According to the most widely accepted theory, the origin of coconut is in the Old World, somewhere in Southeast Asia or the Pacific Islands from where it might have been transported to other regions either by man or by sea currents. Evidences are available in literature regarding the germination capacity of coconut even after floating in the sea for a period of 110 days and within this period it is capable of travelling up to 4,900 kilometers (Edmondson, 1941). It indicates the possibility of natural dissernination between the islands in the Pacific and Indian Oceans (Harries, 1978).
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Hoffman, Kenneth A., Pierre Camps, and Matt Carlton. "Rare palaeomagnetic evidence of long-term mantle control of the geodynamo and possible role of the NAD field in the reversal process." Geophysical Journal International 221, no. 1 (October 22, 2019): 142–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/gji/ggz480.
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SUMMARY The degree to which the lowermost mantle influences behaviour of the geodynamo has been debated over the past quarter century. Our analysis of a comprehensive set of 17 Cenozoic palaeomagnetic transitional field records obtained from lavas in the Southern Hemisphere provides robust evidence of stable mantle control since the Pliocene. The records come from a region where—given a significantly weakened axial dipole—the magnetic field today would be largely controlled by the non-axial dipole (NAD) flux patch currently emanating from Earth's outer core beneath western Australia. The palaeomagnetic recording sites from west to east include the south Indian Ocean, eastern Australia, New Zealand and French Polynesia. The analysed records contain from 2 to 26 sequential transitional virtual geomagnetic poles (VGPs). 10 of the 17 records supply at least one VGP within a narrow longitudinal band 10°-wide between 60°S and the equator, centred along 102.4°E. That is, transitional data from 59 per cent of the Cenozoic recordings are found to reside in a region that encompasses a mere 2.8 per cent of the VGP transitional area on Earth's surface. A robust Monte Carlo approach applied to this data set, one that takes into account the number of transitional VGPs contained in each record, finds this result highly improbable (p-value = 0.0006). The present-day pattern of vertical flux at the core–mantle boundary shows an anomalously strong, thin Southern Hemisphere longitudinal band off the west coast of Australia that strikingly coincides with this unusual palaeomagnetic finding. We conclude with a high degree of confidence that this band of flux has remained virtually unmoved for at least the past 3 Myr. Seemingly independent of the behaviour of the axial dipole, our findings indicate that it has dominated the magnetic field over an area of considerable size during attempts by the geodynamo to reverse polarity.
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DANKITTIPAKUL, PAKAWIN, RUDY JOCQUÉ, and TIPPAWAN SINGTRIPOP. "Systematics and biogeography of the spider genus Mallinella Strand, 1906, with descriptions of new species and new genera from Southeast Asia (Araneae, Zodariidae)." Zootaxa 3369, no. 1 (July 4, 2012): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3369.1.1.
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The systematics status of the spider genus Mallinella Strand, 1906 (Araneae, Zodariidae), the phylogenetic relationshipof the species within the genus and its relationships to other zodariids were investigated by means of cladistic analysis ofmorphological data. Mallinella is redefined and characterized by a single synapomorphy: the presence of posterior ventralspines situated in front of the spinnerets arranged in a single row. The genus is clearly palaeotropical, occurring in Africa,Indian subcontinent, Indo-Burma, Sundaland, Wallacea and Polynesia-Micronesia.Two hundred and two (202) Mallinella species are treated. One hundred and one (101) species are described as newand placed in twenty-two (22) species-groups, making Mallinella the largest zodariid genus. Nineteen (19) species are redescribed, the conspecific sex of seven (7) species is discovered and described for the first time. Fifteen (15) new com-binations are proposed. Nine (9) Storena species are here transferred to Mallinella: M. beauforti (Kulczyński, 1911) comb.nov., M. sciophana (Simon, 1901) comb. nov., M. sobria (Thorell, 1890) comb. nov., M. fasciata (Kulczyński, 1911)comb. nov., M. vicaria (Kulczyński, 1911) comb. nov., M. redimita (Simon, 1905) comb. nov., M. melanognatha (van Has-selt, 1882) comb. nov., M. nilgherina (Simon, 1906) comb. nov., M. vittata (Thorell, 1890) comb. nov. Two Storena spe-cies are transferred to Asceua: A. dispar (Kulczyński, 1911) comb. nov., A. quinquestrigata (Simon, 1905) comb. nov. OneStorena species is transferred to Oedignatha (Liocranidae): O. aleipata (Marples, 1955) comb. nov. One Storena speciesis transferred to Cybaeodamus: C. lentiginosus (Simon, 1905) comb. nov. Storena tricolor Simon, 1908 is transferred tothe Asteron complex of Australia. Three Storena and two Mallinella species are misplaced; they belong to undescribedgenera (S. kraepelini Simon, 1905; S. lesserti Berland, 1938; S. parvula Berland, 1938; M. khanhoa Logunov, 2010; M.rectangulata Zhang et al., 2011). Mallinella vittata (Thorell, 1890) comb. nov. is revalidated and removed from the syn-onymy with M. zebra (Thorell, 1881). Storena vittata Caporiacco, 1955 is removed from homonym replacement (S. ca-poriaccoi Brignoli, 1983) with S. vittata Thorell, 1890 (= M. vittata comb. nov.). Storena annulipes Thorell, 1892 isremoved from its preoccupied name with S. annulipes (L. Koch, 1867) in Storena and transferred to Mallinella; its re-placement name S. cinctipes Simon, 1893 is suppressed.Zodarion luzonicum Simon, 1893, Storena multiguttata Simon, 1893, S. semiflava Simon, 1893 and S. obnubila Si-mon, 1901 are regarded as nomina dubia. Six Indian species were misplaced in Storena; they belong to one of the follow-ing genera: Mallinella, Heliconilla gen. nov., Workmania gen. nov., Heradion, or Euryeidon. These taxa are S. arakuensisPatel & Reddy, 1989, S. debasrae Biswas & Biswas, 1992, S. dibangensis Biswas & Biswas, 2006, S. gujaratensis Tikader& Patel, 1975, S. indica Tikader & Patel, 1975 and S. tikaderi Patel & Reddy, 1989. They are regarded as species incertaesedis.A new genus, Heliconilla gen. nov., is proposed for nine species, six of which are new to science while the otherthree are transferred from Mallinella and Storena. These taxa are: H. irrorata (Thorell, 1887) comb. nov., H. oblonga(Zhang & Zhu, 2009) comb. nov., H. thaleri (Dankittipakul & Schwendinger, 2009) comb. nov.Workmania gen. nov. is established to accommodate two species from Southeast Asia; W. juvenca (Workman, 1896)comb. nov. is transferred from Storena.It is unlikely that the origin of Mallinella dates back more than 100 MYA. Mallinella or its ancestor is believed tohave evolved during the Cretaceous, after the separation of South America from Gondwana, and the greater part of itsevolution took place during the Tertiary. The Asian-Australian lineages of Mallinella could migrate to India via GreaterSomalia before or after the K-T extinction (65 MYA), before the Indian subcontinent joined Asia (ca. 45 MYA).The bio-geographic history of the genus involves plate tectonics during the Cretaceous and the Cenozoic in combination with cli-matic changes and alternating climatic cycles which might have led to episodes of range expansion, isolation of populations and allopatric speciation.
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Finahina, Olesia, Anna Pavlovska, and Serhii Mylnichenko. "METHODOLOGICAL BASES OF ASSESSMENT OF THE LEVEL OF DEVELOPMENT OF THE WORLD BUSINESS ENVIRONMENT: GLOBAL AND REGIONAL VIEW." Baltic Journal of Economic Studies 5, no. 5 (February 8, 2020): 170. http://dx.doi.org/10.30525/2256-0742/2019-5-5-170-182.
Full textAbstract:
An attempt to offer a methodology for analyzing the business environment as in a global context (of the world) as in regional level (of Ukraine), which would come from an empirical base provided by domestic world analytical organizations of the public and private sectors of the economy was made. Methodology. As part of the methodology of assessment of the level of development of the world business environment, the author conducted a preliminary analysis of twenty-five indices examined their constituents in order to avoid duplication of index components which would lead to a distortion of research results. As part of the regional methodology, an 8-stage algorithm was proposed for assessing the level of development of the business environment of the regions of Ukraine based on 40 selected and reasonable indicators that cover 7 main areas and reflect various aspects of the business environment. Results. Nine proposed indices that are in complex, its component composition, are not overlapping and complementary, so reflect and provide a quantitative description of each of the multiple facets of this phenomenon as the world business environment. An integral estimation of the business environment of Ukraine in a regional context has been carried out; an integral index of the level of development of the business environment of a region has been calculated; both of them can act as the objective quantitative criteria for the formation of regional clusters. Objective characteristics of the business climate of a certain territory (in our case, region or group of regions) are obtained. Practical implications. Following the proposed method, the analysis of the level of development of the business environment of 70 countries in the classification limits introduced by the author in previous studies (European, North American, Latin American, African, Far Eastern, Islamic, Indian, ocean), in order to further clustering and graphical interpretation of the results. The group of leaders is formed by countries that relate to different models of the business environment. The countries of the European model are Germany, Great Britain, Sweden, the Netherlands and Austria. North American model: Canada and the United States of America. Representative of the Far Eastern model is Japan, as well as Australia which belongs to other models. The group of outsiders include countries that have a poor integrated index of business environment development, they are representatives of the African (Angola, Congo, Chad), Islamic (Syria, Somalia, Sudan) and Island (Polynesia) models. The results of analyzing of the business environment of the regions of Ukraine show that in 2017 Lviv, Kyiv region became a cluster of high development. The index of development the business environment, calculated by us, proves the extremely expressed polarization and unevenness of the processes of development of territories. Value/originality. The results obtained with graphical and formulaic interpretation make it possible to understand the сondition, problems, prospects of their overcoming, to outline directions of further development and opportunities to support the business environment in the regional and global context.
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KITLV, Redactie. "Book Reviews." Bijdragen tot de taal-, land- en volkenkunde / Journal of the Humanities and Social Sciences of Southeast Asia 150, no. 1 (1994): 214–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/22134379-90003104.
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- Peter Boomgaard, Nancy Lee Peluso, Rich Forests, Poor people; Resource control and resistance in Java. Berkeley, etc.: University of California Press, 1992, 321 pp. - N. A. Bootsma, H.W. Brands, Bound to empire; The United States and the Philippines. New York, Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1992, 356 pp. - Martin van Bruinessen, Jan Schmidt, Through the Legation Window, 1876-1926; Four essays on Dutch, Dutch-Indian and Ottoman history. Istanbul: Nederlands Historisch-Archaeologisch Instituut, 1992, 250 pp. - Freek Colombijn, Manuelle Franck, Quand la rizière recontre l ásphalte; Semis urbain et processus d úrbanisation à Java-est. Paris: École des hautes études en sciences sociales (Études insulindiennes: Archipel 10), 1993, 282 pp. Maps, tables, graphs, bibliography. - Kees Groeneboer, G.M.J.M. Koolen, Een seer bequaem middel; Onderwijs en Kerk onder de 17e eeuwse VOC. Kampen: Kok, 1993, xiii + 287 pp. - R. Hagesteijn, Janice Stargardt, The Ancient Pyu of Burma; Volume I: Early Pyu cities in a man-made landscape. Cambridge: PACSEA, Singapore: ISEAS, 1991. - Barbara Harrisson, Rolf B. Roth, Die ‘Heiligen Töpfe der Ngadju-Dayak (Zentral-Kalimantan, Indonesien); Eine Untersuchung über die rezeption von importkeramik bei einer altindonesischen Ethnie. Bonn (Mundus reihe ethnologie band 51), 1992, xv + 492 pp. - Ernst Heins, Raymond Firth, Tikopia songs; Poetic and musical art of a Polynesian people of the Solomon Islands. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press (Cambridge studies in oral and literate culture no. 20), 1990, 307 pp., Mervyn McLean (eds.) - Ernst Heins, R. Anderson Sutton, Traditions of gamelan music in Java; Musical pluralism and regional identity.Cambridge: Cambridge University Press (Cambridge studies in ethnomusicology), 1991, 291 pp., glossary, biblio- and discography, photographs, tables, music. - H.A.J. Klooster, Jaap Vogel, De opkomst van het indocentrische geschiedbeeld; Leven en werken van B.J.O. Schrieke en J.C. van Leur. Hilversum: Verloren, 1992, 288 pp. - Jane A. Kusin, Brigit Obrist van Eeuwijk, Small but strong; Cultural context of (mal)nutrition among the Northern Kwanga (East Sepik province, Papua New Guinea). Basel: Wepf & Co. AG Verlag, Basler Beiträge zur ethnologie, Band 34, 1992, 283 pp. - J. Thomas Lindblad, Pasuk Phongpaichit, The new wave of Japanese investment in ASEAN. Singapore: Institute of Southeast Asian studies, 1990, 127 pp. - Niels Mulder, Louis Gabaude, Une herméneutique bouddhique contemporaine de Thaïlande; Buddhadasa Bhikku. Paris: École Francaise d’Extrême-Orient, 1988, vii + 692 pp. - Marleen Nolten, Vinson H. Sutlive. Jr., Female and male in Borneo; Contributions and challenges to gender studies. Borneo research council Monograph series, volume 1, not dated but probably published in 1991. - Ton Otto, G.W. Trompf, Melanesian Religion. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1991, xi + 283 pp., including select bibliography and index. - IBM Dharma Palguna, Gordon D. Jensen, The Balinese people; A reinvestigation of character. Singapore-New York: Oxford University Press, 1992, 232 pp., Luh Ketut Suryani (eds.) - Anton Ploeg, Jürg Schmid, Söhne des Krokodils; Männerhausrituale und initiation in Yensan, Zentral-Iatmul, East Sepik province, Papua New Guinea. Basel: ethnologisches seminar der Universitat und Musuem für Völkerkunde (Basler Beiträge zur ethnologie, band 36), 1992, xii + 321 pp., Christine Kocher Schmid (eds.) - Raechelle Rubinstein, W. van der Molen, Javaans Schrift. (Semaian 8). Leiden: Vakgroep talen en culturen van Zuidoost-Azië en Oceanië, Rijksuniversiteit te Leiden, 1993. x + 129 pp. - Tine G. Ruiter, Arthur van Schaik, Colonial control and peasant resources in Java; Agricultural involution reconsidered. Amsterdam: Koninklijk Nederlands Aardrijkskundig Genootschap/Instituut voor Sociale geografie Universiteit van Amsterdam, 1986, 210 pp. - R. Schefold, Andrew Beatty, Society and exchange in Nias. Oxford: Clarendon press, (Oxford studies in social and cultural Anthropology), 1992, xiv + 322 pp., ill. - N.G. Schulte Nordholt, Ingo Wandelt, Der Weg zum Pancasila-Menschen (Die pancasila-Lehre unter dem P4-Beschlusz des Jahres 1978; Entwicklung und struktur der indonesischen staatslehre). Frankfurt am Main-Bern-New York-Paris: Peter Lang, Europäische Hochschulschriften, Reihe XXVII, Asiatische und Afrikaner Studien, 1989, 316 pp. - J.N.B. Tairas, Herman C. Kemp, Annotated bibliography of bibliographies on Indonesia. Leiden: KITLV press (Koninklijk Instituut voor taal-, land-en Volkenkunde, biographical series 17), 1990, xvii + 433 pp. - Brian Z. Tamanaha, Christopher Weeramantry, Nauru; Environmental damage under international trusteeship. Melbourne (etc.): Oxford University Press, 1992, xx+ 448 pp. - Wim F. Wertheim, Hersri Setiawan, Benedict R.O.’G. Anderson, Language and power; Exploring political cultures in Indonesia. Ithaca/London: Cornell University Press, 1930, 305 pp.
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Parmentier, Eric, Robin Scalbert, Xavier Raick, Camille Gache, Bruno Frédérich, Frédéric Bertucci, and David Lecchini. "First use of acoustic calls to distinguish cryptic members of a fish species complex." Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society, August 23, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/zoolinnean/zlab056.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract Although molecular methods and bioacoustical analysis have been used to uncover cryptic species, the combination of both methodologies is still rare. The humbug damselfish complex, Dascyllus aruanus, is composed of at least two species with Dascyllus aruanus in the Pacific Ocean and Dascyllus abudafur in the Indian Ocean. However, genetic data suggest that additional species could be found. Therefore, we aimed to determine whether the sounds produced by different populations of fish could help to distinguish cryptic species. Recordings of chase and courtship sounds were made on humbug damselfish populations from Madagascar, Taiwan and French Polynesia. Chase sound features are more variable than courtship sounds, suggesting more constraints on courtship sounds, since they would contribute to premating isolation. Comparison between courtship sounds show the variation in acoustic features between Taiwan and Madagascar align with genetic differences, supporting that sounds could discriminate cryptic species in Teleosts. Moreover, differences in both acoustic features and genetic data are also found between Taiwan and French Polynesia, suggesting two clearly distinct populations. Consequently, the name D. emamo can be resurrected for the Polynesian humbug damselfish. External phenotype traits do not allow the distinction between populations, illustrating that only behaviour has been modified.
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"Chaetocnema confinis. [Distribution Map]." Distribution Maps of Plant Pests, No.June (August 1, 2009). http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/dmpp/20093167382.
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Abstract A new distribution map is provided for Chaetocnema confinis Crotch. Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae. Hosts: polyphagous, including sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas). Information is given on the geographical distribution in Asia (India (Chhattisgarh), Japan (Ryukyu Archipelago), Taiwan, Thailand, Vietnam), Africa (Comoros, Gambia, Ghana, Madagascar, Malawi, Mauritius, Reunion, Senegal, Seychelles, South Africa), North America (Canada (Alberta, Manitoba, New Brunswick, Nova Scotia, Ontario, Quebec, Saskatchewan)), USA (Alabama, Arkansas, California, Colorado, Connecticut, Delaware, Florida, Georgia, Hawaii, Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Kentucky, Louisiana, Massachusetts, Michigan, Minnesota, Mississippi, Missouri, Nebraska, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New Mexico, New York, North Carolina, North Dakota, Ohio, Oklahoma, Oregon, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, South Carolina, South Dakota, Tennessee, Texas, Utah, Vermont, Virginia, Washington, West Virginia, Wisconsin), Central America and Caribbean (Nicaragua), South America (Brazil (Para), Galapagos Islands), Oceania (French Polynesia, Guam, Marshall Islands, Palau).
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"Liriomyza sativae. [Distribution map]." Distribution Maps of Plant Pests, no. 1st revision) (July 1, 1997). http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/dmpp/20066600477.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract A new distribution map is provided for Liriomyza sativae Blanchard Diptera: Agromyzidae Attacks a wide range of plants (primarily although not exclusively Fabaceae, Solanaceae and Asteraceae). Information is given on the geographical distribution in EUROPE, Finland, UK, ASIA, India, Uttar Pradesh, Oman, Thailand, Yemen, AFRICA, Cameroon, Sudan, Zimbabwe, NORTH AMERICA, Canada, Ontario, Mexico, USA, Alabama, Arizona, Arkansas, California, Florida, Georgia, Hawaii, Indiana, Louisiana, Maryland, New Jersey, Ohio, Pennsylvania, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, CENTRAL AMERICA & CARIBBEAN, Antigua and Barbuda, Bahamas, Barbados, Costa Rica, Cuba, Dominica, Dominican Republic, Guadeloupe, Jamaica, Martinique, Montserrat, Nicaragua, Panama, Puerto Rico, St Kitts-Nevis, St Lucia, St Vincent and Grenadines, Trinidad and Tobago, SOUTH AMERICA, Argentina, Brazil, Parana, Pemambuco, Rio Grande do Norte, Rio de Janeiro, Chile, Colombia, French Guiana, Peru, Venezuela, OCEANIA, American Samoa, Cook Islands, Fed. States of Micronesia, French Polynesia, Guam, New Caledonia, Northern Mariana Islands, Samoa, Vanuatu.
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Boissin, E., S. R. Thorrold, C. D. Braun, Y. Zhou, E. E. Clua, and S. Planes. "Contrasting global, regional and local patterns of genetic structure in gray reef shark populations from the Indo-Pacific region." Scientific Reports 9, no. 1 (November 1, 2019). http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-019-52221-6.
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Abstract Human activities have resulted in the loss of over 90% of sharks in most ocean basins and one in four species of elasmobranch are now listed at risk of extinction by the IUCN. How this collapse will affect the ability of populations to recover in the face of continued exploitation and global climate change remains unknown. Indeed, important ecological and biological information are lacking for most shark species, particularly estimates of genetic diversity and population structure over a range of spatial scales. Using 15 microsatellite markers, we investigated genetic diversity and population structure in gray reef sharks over their Indo-Pacific range (407 specimens from 9 localities). Clear genetic differentiation was observed between the Indian and the Pacific Ocean specimens (FST = 0.145***). Further differentiation within the Pacific included a West and East cleavage as well as North-Central and South-Central Pacific clusters. No genetic differentiation was detected within archipelagos. These results highlight the legacy of past climate changes and the effects of large ocean expanses and circulation patterns on contrasting levels of connectivity at global, regional and local scales. Our results indicate a need for regional conservation units for gray reef sharks and pinpoint the isolation and vulnerability of their French Polynesian population.
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"Liriomyza sativae. [Distribution map]." Distribution Maps of Plant Pests, No.June (July 1, 2006). http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/dmpp/20063140405.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract A new distribution map is provided for Liriomyza sativae Blanchard. Diptera: Agromyzidae. Hosts: Attacks a wide range of plants (primarily although not exclusively Fabaceae, Solanaceae and Asteraceae). Information is given on the geographical distribution in Europe (Finland, UK), Asia (China, Anhui, Fujian, Guangdong, Hainan, Hebei, Henan, Hunan, Shanxi, Sichuan, Zhejiang, India, Uttar Pradesh, Indonesia, Java, Iran, Israel, Japan, Honshu, Kyushu, Ryukyu Archipelago, Jordan, Malaysia, Peninsular Malaysia, Oman, Sri Lanka, Thailand, Turkey, Uzbekistan, Vietnam, Yemen), Africa (Cameroon, Nigeria, Sudan, Zimbabwe), North America (Canada, Ontario, Mexico, USA, Alabama, Arizona, Arkansas, California, Florida, Hawaii, Indiana, Louisiana, Maryland, New Jersey, Ohio, Pennsylvania, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas), Central America and Caribbean (Antigua and Barbuda, Bahamas, Barbados, Costa Rica, Cuba, Dominica, Dominican Republic, Guadeloupe, Jamaica, Martinique, Montserrat, Netherlands Antilles, Nicaragua, Panama, Puerto Rico, St Kitts Nevis, St Lucia, St Vincent and the Grenadines, Trinidad and Tobago), South America (Argentina, Brazil, Ceara, Parana, Pernambuco, Rio de Janeiro, Rio Grande do Norte, Chile, Colombia, French Guiana, Peru, Venezuela), and Oceania (American Samoa, Cook Islands, Federal States of Micronesia, French Polynesia, Guam, New Caledonia, Northern Mariana Islands, Samoa, Vanuatu).
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"Citrus exocortis viroid. [Distribution map]." Distribution Maps of Plant Diseases, No.April (August 1, 2014). http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/dmpd/20143156813.
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Abstract A new distribution map is provided for Citrus exocortis viroid. Pospiviroidae: Pospiviroid. Hosts: Citrus spp. and trifoliate orange (Poncirus trifoliata). Information is given on the geographical distribution in Europe (Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Czech Republic, France, Germany, Greece, Italy, Sardinia, Sicily, Montenegro, Netherlands, Portugal, Russia, Slovenia and Spain), Asia (China, Chongqing, Fujian, Henan, Hubei, Hunan, Liaoning, Shandong, Sichuan, Zhejiang, India, New Delhi, Maharashtra, Indian Punjab, Indonesia, Iran, Iraq, Israel, Japan, Honshu, Jordan, Korea Republic, Lebanon, Malaysia, Oman, Pakistan, Philippines, Saudi Arabia, Syria, Taiwan, Thailand, Turkey, United Arab Emirates, Vietnam and Yemen), Africa (Algeria, Cameroon, Cote d'Ivoire, Egypt, Ethiopia, Ghana, Libya, Madagascar, Mauritius, Morocco, Mozambique, Nigeria, Reunion, Sierra Leone, Somalia, South Africa, Sudan and Tunisia), North America (Canada, New Brunswick, Mexico, USA, Arizona, California, Florida, Louisiana and Texas), Central America and Caribbean (Cuba, Guadeloupe, Jamaica and Trinidad and Tobago), South America (Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Sao Paulo, Chile, Colombia, Peru, Suriname, Uruguay and Venezuela) and Oceania (Australia, New South Wales, Northern Territory, Queensland, Victoria, Cook Islands, Fiji, French Polynesia, New Zealand, Papua New Guinea and Samoa).
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Kryvomaz, T. I. "Hemitrichia serpula. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria]." IMI Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria, no. 222 (August 1, 2019). http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/dfb/20203309879.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract A description is provided for Hemitrichia serpula, a myxomycete which occurs on dead fallen leaves, petioles, spathes, bark, branches, logs, stumps, trunks, twigs, and decaying wood (including artefacts) of a wide range of plants. Some information on its associated organisms and substrata, interactions and habitats, economic impacts, intraspecific variation, dispersal and transmission and conservation status is given, along with details of its geographical distribution (AFRICA: Algeria, Angola, Burundi, Cameroon, Congo, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Equatorial Guinea, Guinea, Kenya, Liberia, Madagascar, Malawi, Mayotte, Nigeria, Rwanda, Sierra Leone, South Africa, Tanzania, Uganda, Zimbabwe; NORTH AMERICA: Canada (Manitoba, Nunavut, Ontario, Quebec), Mexico, USA (Alaska, Arizona, Arkansas, California, Connecticut, Florida, Georgia, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maine, Maryland, Massachusetts, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, New Mexico, New York, North Carolina, Ohio, Pennsylvania, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Vermont, Virginia, Washington, West Virginia, Wisconsin); CENTRAL AMERICA: Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Nicaragua, Panama; SOUTH AMERICA: Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil (Acre, Alagoas, Amapá, Amazonas, Bahia, Ceará, Goias, Distrito Federal, Maranhao, Mato Grosso, Pará, Paraíba, Pernambuco, Piauí, Rio de Janeiro, Rio Grande do Norte, Rio Grande do Sul, Roraima, Santa Catarina, São Paulo, Sergipe), Chile, Colombia, Ecuador (including Galapagos), French Guiana, Guyana, Uruguay, Venezuela; ASIA: China (Guangdong, Guangxi, Hainan, Hebei, Heilongjiang, Hunan, Jiangsu, Jilin, Shaanxi, Shanxi, Yunnan, Zhejiang), India (Assam, Chandigarh, Himachal Pradesh, Jammu & Kashmir, Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra, Orissa, Tamil Nadu, Uttarakhand, West Bengal), Indonesia, Iran, Kazakhstan (Almaty, North Kazakhstan), Japan, Malaysia, Nepal, Pakistan, Papua-New Guinea, Philippines, Russia (Altai Krai, Chelyabinsk Oblast, Irkutsk Oblast, Khabarovsky Krai, Primorsky Krai, Sverdlovsk Oblast, Tyumen Oblast), South Korea, Sri Lanka, Taiwan, Thailand, Vietnam; Atlantic OCEAN: Portugal (Azores); AUSTRALASIA: Australia (New South Wales, Queensland, Victoria, Western Australia), New Zealand; CARIBBEAN: American Virgin Islands, Antigua and Barbuda, Cuba, Dominica, Dominican Republic, Grenada, Guadeloupe, Jamaica, Martinique, Puerto Rico, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent, Trinidad and Tobago; EUROPE: Austria, Belgium, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Moldova, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Romania, Russia (Kirov Oblast, Krasnodar Krai, Leningrad Oblast, Moscow Oblast, Oryol Oblast, Pskov Oblast, Republic of Bashkortostan, Tver Oblast), Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Ukraine, UK; Indian OCEAN: Mauritius, Réunion, Seychelles; Pacific OCEAN: French Polynesia, Marshall Islands, New Caledonia, USA (Hawaii)).
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"Colletotrichum dematium. [Distribution map]." Distribution Maps of Plant Diseases, No.October (August 1, 2006). http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/dmpd/20063191815.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract A new distribution map is provided for C. dematium (Pers.) Grove. Ascomycota: Sordariomycetidae. Hosts: Plurivorous. Information is given on the geographical distribution in Europe (Austria, Denmark, France, Germany, Greece, Malta, Poland, Romania, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, UK), Asia (Bangladesh, China, Guangdong, Guangxi, Hong Kong, Shaanxi, India, Andhra Pradesh, Assam, Gujarat, Haryana, Himachal Pradesh, Jammu and Kashmir, Karnataka, Kerala, Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra, Rajasthan, Tamil Nadu, Uttar Pradesh, West Bengal, Japan, Korea Republic, Laos, Malaysia, Sabah, Nepal, Pakistan, Singapore, Sri Lanka, Taiwan), Africa (Burkina Faso, Ethiopia, Kenya, Malawi, Mozambique, Niger, Nigeria, Senegal, Sierra Leone, South Africa, Tanzania, Zambia, Zimbabwe), North America (Canada, Alberta, British Columbia, Manitoba, Nova Scotia, Ontario, Quebec, Saskatchewan, USA, California, Colorado, Florida, Idaho, Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Maryland, Massachusetts, Minnesota, Mississippi, Missouri, Nebraska, New York, North Carolina, Pennsylvania, South Carolina, Texas, Vermont, Virginia, Washington), Central America and Caribbean (Barbados, Cuba, El Salvador, Guatemala, Jamaica, Nicaragua, Panama, Puerto Rico, Trinidad and Tobago, United States, Virgin Islands), South America (Argentina, Brazil, Maranhao, Chile, Guyana, Peru, Venezuela), Oceania (American Samoa, Australia, New South Wales, Northern Territory, Tasmania, Victoria, Western Australia, Fiji, French Polynesia, Guam, Kiribati, New Caledonia, New Zealand, Niue, Papua New Guinea, Samoa, Solomon Islands, Vanuatu).
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Anggraeni, Yusnita Mirna, Triwibowo Ambar Garjito, Mega Tyas Prihatin, Sri Wahyuni Handayani, Kusumaningtyas Sekar Negari, Ary Oktsari Yanti, Muhammad Choirul Hidajat, et al. "Fast Expansion of the Asian-Pacific Genotype of the Chikungunya Virus in Indonesia." Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology 11 (April 21, 2021). http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fcimb.2021.631508.
Full textAbstract:
Chikungunya is repeatedly affecting Indonesia through successive outbreaks. The Asian genotype has been present in Asia since the late 1950s while the ECSA-IOL (East/Central/South Africa - Indian Ocean Lineage) genotype invaded Asia in 2005. In order to determine the extension of the circulation of the chikungunya virus (CHIKV) in Indonesia, mosquitoes were collected in 28 different sites from 12 Indonesian provinces in 2016-2017. The E1 subunit of the CHIKV envelope gene was sequenced while mosquitoes were genotyped using the mitochondrial cox1 (cytochrome C oxidase subunit 1) gene to determine whether a specific population was involved in the vectoring of CHIKV. A total of 37 CHIKV samples were found in 28 Aedes aegypti, 8 Aedes albopictus and 1 Aedes butleri out of 15,362 samples collected and tested. These viruses, like all Indonesian CHIKV since 2000, belonged to a genotype we propose to call the Asian-Pacific genotype. It also comprises the Yap isolates and viruses having emerged in Polynesia, the Caribbean and South America. They differ from the CHIKV of the Asian genotype found earlier in Indonesia indicating a replacement. These results raise the question of the mechanisms behind this fast and massive replacement.
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Kryvomaz, T. I. "Fuligo septica. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria]." IMI Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria, no. 222 (August 1, 2019). http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/dfb/20203309878.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract A description is provided for Fuligo septica, a myxomycete which occurs on litter, fallen leaves, bark, decorticated branches, rotten stumps, fallen trunks, rotten wood and burnt logs of a very wide range of plants. Some information on its associated organisms and substrata, interactions and habitats, economic impacts, intraspecific variation, dispersal and transmission and conservation status is given, along with details of its geographical distribution (AFRICA: Algeria, Burundi, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Equatorial Guinea, Eritrea, Lesotho, Liberia, Madagascar, Malawi, Mayotte, Morocco, Nigeria, Sierra Leone, South Africa, Tanzania, Tunisia, Uganda, Zimbabwe; NORTH AMERICA: Canada (Alberta, British Columbia, Manitoba, New Brunswick, Newfoundland, Northwest Territories, Nova Scotia, Nunavut, Ontario, Prince Edward Island, Quebec), Mexico, USA (Alabama, Alaska, Arizona, Arkansas, California, Colorado, Connecticut, Delaware, Florida, Georgia, Idaho, Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maine, Maryland, Massachusetts, Michigan, Minnesota, Mississippi, Missouri, Montana, Nebraska, Nevada, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New Mexico, New York, North Carolina, North Dakota, Ohio, Oklahoma, Oregon, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, South Carolina, South Dakota, Tennessee, Texas, Utah, Vermont, Virginia, Washington, West Virginia, Wisconsin, Wyoming), Mexico; CENTRAL AMERICA: Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Nicaragua, Panama; SOUTH AMERICA: Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil (Bahia, Maranhão, Paraiba, Pernambuco, Roraima, Santa Catarina, São Paulo, Sergipe), Chile, Ecuador (including Galapagos), French Guiana, Guyana, Paraguay, Peru, Uruguay, Venezuela; ASIA: Brunei, China (Fujian, Guizhou, Jiangsu, Zhejiang), Georgia, India (Assam, Chandigarh, Himachal Pradesh, Tamil Nadu, Uttar Pradesh, Uttarakhand), Indonesia, Iran, Japan, Jordan, Kazakhstan (Akmola, Aktobe, Almaty, East Kazakhstan, Karaganda, former Kokshetau, Kostanai, North Kazakhstan, Pavlodar, former Tselinograd, West Kazakhstan), Malaysia, Nepal, North Korea, Pakistan, Papua-New Guinea, Philippines, Russia (Altai Krai, Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug, Krasnoyarsk Krai, Magadan Oblast, Novosibirsk Oblast, Tyumen Oblast), Singapore, South Korea, Turkey, Uzbekistan, Vietnam; ATLANTIC OCEAN: Spain (Canary Islands); AUSTRALASIA: Australia (New South Wales, Queensland, South Australia, Tasmania, Victoria, Western Australia), New Zealand; CARIBBEAN: American Virgin Islands, Antigua and Barbuda, Cuba, Dominica, Dominican Republic, Guadeloupe, Jamaica, Martinique, Puerto Rico, Saint Lucia, Trinidad and Tobago; EUROPE: Andorra, Austria, Belarus, Belgium, Croatia, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Moldova, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Russia (Astrakhan Oblast, Chelyabinsk Oblast, Chuvash Republic, Kaliningrad Oblast, Komi Republic, Krasnodarsk Krai, Kursk Oblast, Leningrad Oblast, Moscow Oblast, Murmansk Oblast, Orenburg Oblast, Pskov Oblast, Republic of Karelia, Stavropol Krai, Tver Oblast, Volgograd Oblast), Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey, Ukraine, UK; INDIAN OCEAN: Christmas Island, Mauritius, Réunion, Seychelles; PACIFIC OCEAN: French Polynesia, Marshall Islands, New Caledonia, Solomon Islands, USA (Hawaii)).
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Andrianova, T. V. "Cercospora carotae. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria]." IMI Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria, no. 202 (July 1, 2014). http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/dfb/20153006338.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract A description is provided for Cercospora carotae, a colonizer of leaves, and less frequently, other overground parts of cultivated carrot and other species of Daucus. Some information on its habitat, dispersal and transmission, and conservation status is given, along with details of its geographical distribution (Africa (Ghana, Kenya, Libya, Morocco, Somalia, South Africa, Zambia and Zimbabwe), North America (Canada (British Columbia, Nova Scotia, Quebec), Mexico and USA (California, Colorado, Connecticut, Florida, Iowa, Minnesota, Mississippi, Missouri, Nebraska, Oregon, South Dakota, Washington, West Virginia, Wisconsin)), Central America (El Salvador, Guatemala and Panama), South America (Argentina, Brazil (Distrito Federal, Rio Grande do Sul), Chile, Guyana and Venezuela), Asia (Afghanistan, Azerbaijan, China, Georgia, India (Jammu and Kashmir), Japan, Jordan, Nepal, Pakistan, South Korea and Taiwan), Australasia (Australia (New South Wales, Queensland, South Australia, Tasmania, Victoria, Western Australia) and New Zealand), Caribbean (American Virgin Islands, Antigua and Barbuda, Barbados, Cuba, Dominican Republic, Guadeloupe, Jamaica, Martinique, Puerto Rico, St Vincent and the Grenadines, and Trinidad and Tobago), Europe (Austria, Bulgaria, Denmark, Estonia, Germany, Hungary, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Norway, Poland, Romania, Russia (Kabardino-Balkaria Republic, Stavropol krai, Republic of Tatarstan), Serbia, Slovakia, Spain, Sweden and UK) and Ukraine), Indian Ocean (Mauritius) and Pacific Ocean (Fiji, French Polynesia, New Caledonia, Tonga and USA (Hawaii)) and hosts.
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"Pestalotiopsis palmarum. [Distribution map]." Distribution Maps of Plant Diseases, No.April (August 1, 2017). http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/dmpd/20173134798.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract A new distribution map is provided for Pestalotiopsis palmarum (Cooke) Steyaert. Sordariomycetes: Amphisphaeriales: Pestalotiopsidaceae. Hosts: Palmae, especially coconut (Cocos nucifera) and oilpalm (Elaeis guineensis). Information is given on the geographical distribution in Europe (Cyprus, Italy, Sicily and Ukraine), Asia (Bangladesh, Brunei Darussalam, Cambodia, British Indian Ocean Territory, China, Guangdong, Hainan, Hong Kong, India, Andaman and Nicobar Islands, Andhra Pradesh, Assam, Bihar, Gujarat, Karnataka, Kerala, Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra, Odisha, Rajasthan, Tamil Nadu, Uttar Pradesh, West Bengal, Indonesia, Japan, Korea Republic, Laos, Malaysia, Sabah, Sarawak, Maldives, Myanmar, Pakistan, Philippines, Sri Lanka, Taiwan, Thailand and Vietnam), Africa (Benin, Congo, Cote d'Ivoire, Egypt, Ghana, Guinea, Kenya, Madagascar, Malawi, Mauritius, Morocco, Mozambique, Nigeria, Senegal, Seychelles, Sierra Leone, South Africa, Tanzania, Togo, Uganda and Zambia), North America (Mexico, USA, California, Florida and South Carolina), Central America and Caribbean (Barbados, Bermuda, Cayman Islands, Cuba, Dominica, Dominican Republic, El Salvador, Haiti, Honduras, Jamaica, Panama, Puerto Rico, Trinidad and Tobago and United States Virgin Islands), South America (Argentina, Brazil, Bahia, Ceara, Paraiba, Pernambuco, Sergipe, Colombia, Guyana, Suriname and Venezuela) and Oceania (American Samoa, Australia, Northern Territory, Queensland, Victoria, Western Australia, Fiji, French Polynesia, Kiribati, Marshall Islands, New Caledonia, New Zealand, Niue, Papua New Guinea, Samoa, Solomon Islands, Tonga, Tuvalu, Vanuatu and Wallis and Futuna).
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"Alternaria brassicicola. [Distribution map]." Distribution Maps of Plant Diseases, no. 4) (August 1, 1999). http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/dmpd/20066500457.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract A new distribution map is provided for Alternaria brassicicola (Schwein.) Wiltshire Fungi: Mitosporic fungi Hosts: Brassica spp. and other Brassicaceae. Information is given on the geographical distribution in EUROPE, Austria, Belgium, Croatia, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Romania, Russian Far East, Spain, Sweden, UK, Yugoslavia (Fed. Rep.), ASIA, Armenia, Bangladesh, Bhutan, Brunei Darussalam, Cambodia, China, Guangdong, Hong Kong, Cyprus, India, Andaman and Nicobar Islands, Andhra Pradesh, Assam, Bihar, Haryana, Maharashtra, Manipur, Punjab, Rajasthan, Sikkim, Uttar Pradesh, West Bengal, Indonesia, Irian Jaya, Iran, Israel, Japan, Korea Republic, Malaysia, Peninsular Malaysia, Sabah, Sarawak, Myanmar, Nepal, Oman, Pakistan, Saudi Arabia, Sri Lanka, Taiwan, Thailand, Turkey, AFRICA, Egypt, Ethiopia, Gambia, Ghana, Guinea, Libya, Madagascar, Malawi, Mauritius, Morocco, Mozambique, Nigeria, Senegal, Sierra Leone, South Africa, Sudan, Tanzania, Uganda, Zambia, Zimbabwe, NORTH AMERICA, Canada, Alberta, British Columbia, Manitoba, New Brunswick, Nova Scotia, Ontario, Prince Edward Island, Quebec, Saskatchewan, USA, California, Connecticut, Florida, Hawaii, Indiana, Iowa, Louisiana, Maryland, Massachusetts, Minnesota, Nebraska, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, North Carolina, Oklahoma, Oregon, Pennsylvania, Texas, Utah, Virginia, Washington, CENTRAL AMERICA & CARIBBEAN, Antigua and Barbuda, Barbados, Costa Rica, Cuba, Jamaica, Panama, Trinidad and Tobago, SOUTH AMERICA, Argentina, Brazil, Chile, Venezuela, OCEANIA, Australia, New South Wales, Queensland, Victoria, Cook Islands, French, Polynesia, New Caledonia, New Zealand, Niue, Papua New Guinea, Samoa, Tonga, Tuvalu, Vanuatu, Wallis and Futuna Islands.
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Kryvomaz, T. I. "Arcyria cinerea. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria]." IMI Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria, no. 222 (August 1, 2019). http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/dfb/20203309874.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract A description is provided for Arcyria cinerea, one of the most consistently abundant and widespread myxomycete species associated with lianas, aerial woody remnants, leaves and inflorescences in tropical and mangrove forests. Some information on its associated organisms and substrata, interaction and habitats, infraspecific variation, dispersal and transmission, and conservation status is given, along with details of its geographical distribution (AFRICA: Algeria, Angola, Burundi, Cameroon, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Egypt, Equatorial Guinea, Gambia, Kenya, Liberia, Madagascar, Malawi, Mayotte, Morocco, Mozambique, Nigeria, Rwanda, Sierra Leone, Somalia, South Africa, Tanzania, Tunisia, Uganda, Western Sahara, Zambia, Zimbabwe; NORTH AMERICA: Canada (Alberta, British Columbia, Manitoba, New Brunswick, Ontario, Quebec, Saskatchewan), Mexico, USA (Alaska, Arizona, Arkansas, California, Colorado, Connecticut, Delaware, Florida, Georgia, Idaho, Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maine, Maryland, Massachusetts, Michigan, Minnesota, Mississippi, Missouri, Montana, Nebraska, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New Mexico, New York, North Carolina, North Dakota, Ohio, Oklahoma, Oregon, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Vermont, Virginia, West Virginia); CENTRAL AMERICA: Belize, Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Nicaragua, Panama; SOUTH AMERICA: Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil (Alagoas, Amazonas, Bahia, Ceara, Mato Grosso, Minas Gerais, Paraiba, Parana, Pernambuco, Rio Grande do Norte, Rio Grande do Sul, Rondonia, Roraima, Santa Catarina, Sao Paulo, Sergipe), Chile, Colombia, Ecuador (including Galapagos), French Guiana, Guyana, Paraguay, Peru, Surinam, Venezuela; ANTARCTICA: Antarctica; ASIA: China (Anhui, Guangdong, Guangxi, Heilongjiang, Hong Kong, Jiangsu, Kwangtung, Yunnan), Christmas Island, Georgia, India (Assam, Chandigarh, Himachal Pradesh, Jammu & Kashmir, Karnataka, Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra, Orissa, Uttarakhand, Uttar Pradesh, West Bengal), Indonesia, Iran, Japan, Kazakhstan (Aktobe, Atyrau, Pavlodar, West Kazakhstan), Laos, Nepal, Papua-New Guinea, Philippines, Russia (Altai Krai, Altai Republic, Chukotka Autonomous Okrug, Irkutsk Oblast, Khabarovsk Krai, Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug, Krasnoyarsk Krai, Magadan Oblast, Primorsky Krai, Republic of Buryatia, Sakhalin Oblast, Tyumen Oblast, Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug), Singapore, Sri Lanka, Taiwan, Thailand, Turkey, Uzbekistan, Vietnam. Atlantic OCEAN: Ascension Island, Spain (Canary Islands); AUSTRALASIA: Australia (New South Wales, Northern Territory, Queensland, Tasmania, Victoria, Western Australia), New Zealand, Raoul Island; CARIBBEAN: American Virgin Islands, Antigua and Barbuda, Bahamas, Cuba, Dominica, Dominican Republic, Grenada, Guadeloupe, Haiti, Jamaica, Martinique, Puerto Rico, Trinidad & Tobago; EUROPE: Andorra, Austria, Belgium, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Moldova, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Russia (Astrakhan Oblast, Chelyabinsk Oblast, Kalinigrad Oblast, Komi Republic, Krasnodar Krai, Kursk Oblast, Leningrad Oblast, Moscow Oblast, Murmansk Oblast, Orenburg Oblast, Perm Krai, Republic of Bashkortostan, Republic of Karelia, Rostov Oblast, Smolensk Oblast, Tver Oblast, Voronezh Oblast, Volgograd Oblast, Vologda Oblast), Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Ukraine, UK; Indian OCEAN: Mauritius, Reunion, Seychelles; Pacific OCEAN: French Polynesia, New Caledonia, USA (Hawaii)).
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"Albugo candida. [Distribution map]." Distribution Maps of Plant Diseases, April (August 1, 2001). http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/dmpd/20066500821.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract A new distribution map is provided for Albugo candida (Pers.) Kuntze Chromista: Oomycota: Peronosporales Hosts: Mainly Brassica spp. and other Brassicaceae. Information is given on the geographical distribution in EUROPE, Austria, Belgium, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Malta, Netherlands, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Russia, Slovakia, Spain, Canary Islands, Mainland Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, UK, Ukraine, Yugoslavia (Fed. Rep.), ASIA, Bhutan, China, Anhui, Fujian, Gansu, Guangxi, Guizhou, Hebei, Hong Kong, Hubei, Jiangsu, Jiangxi, Jilin, Liaoning, NeiMenggu, Qinghai, Shaanxi, Shandong, Shanxi, Sichuan, Xinjiang, Xizhang, Yunnan, Zhejiang, Cyprus, India, Bihar, Delhi, Haryana, Himachal, Pradesh, Jammu and Kashmir, Karnataka, Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra, Manipur, Punjab, Rajasthan, Sikkim, Tamil Nadu, Uttar Pradesh, West Bengal, Iran, Iraq, Israel, Japan, Korea, Republic, Malaysia, Peninsular Malaysia, Sabah, Sarawak, Nepal, Pakistan, Philippines, Taiwan, Turkey, Yemen, AFRICA, Egypt, Ethiopia, Kenya, Libya, Malawi, Mauritius, Sierra Leone, South Africa, Sudan, Tanzania, NORTH AMERICA, Canada, Alberta, British Columbia, Manitoba, New Brunswick, Nova Scotia, Ontario, Prince Edward Island, Quebec, Saskatchewan, Mexico, USA, Alabama, Arizona, Arkansas, California, Colorado, Delaware, Florida, Georgia, Hawaii, Idaho, Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Kentucky, Maine, Massachusetts, Minnesota, Mississippi, Missouri, Montana, Nebraska, Nevada, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New Mexico, New York, North Carolina, North Dakota, Ohio, Oklahoma, Oregon, Pennsylvania, South Carolina, South Dakota, Texas, Utah, Vermont, Virginia, Washington, West Virginia, Wisconsin, Wyoming, CENTRAL AMERICA & CARIBBEAN, Barbados, Bermuda, Cuba, Dominican Republic, El Salvador, Jamaica, Puerto Rico, Trinidad and Tobago, SOUTH AMERICA, Argentina, Brazil, Parana, Falkland Islands, Guyana, Suriname, OCEANIA, Australia, Western Australia, Cook Islands, Fiji, French, Polynesia, New Caledonia, New Zealand, Papua New Guinea, Samoa, Vanuatu.
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"Peronospora parasitica. [Distribution map]." Distribution Maps of Plant Diseases, no. 1) (August 1, 2002). http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/dmpd/20066500872.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract A new distribution map is provided for Peronospora parasitica (Pers.) Fr. Chromista: Oomycota: Peronosporales Hosts: Brassicaceae. Information is given on the geographical distribution in EUROPE, Austria, Belarus, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Malta, Moldova, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Central Russia Russia, Eastern, Russian Far East, Southern Russia, Western Siberia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, UK, Ukraine, Yugoslavia (Fed. Rep.), Yugoslavia (former), ASIA, Armenia, Azerbaijan, Bangladesh, Bhutan, Brunei Darussalam, China, Anhui, Fujian, Gansu, Guangdong, Guangxi, Hebei, Heilongjiang, Hong Kong, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangsu, Jiangxi, Jilin, Liaoning, Nei, Menggu, Qinghai, Shaanxi, Shandong, Shanxi, Sichuan, Xinjiang, Xizhang, Yunnan, Republic of Georgia, India, Assam, Bihar, Delhi, Gujarat, Haryana, Himachal Pradesh, Jammu and Kashmir, Karnataka, Madhya Pradesh, Manipur, Punjab, Rajasthan, Tamil Nadu, Uttar Pradesh, West Bengal, Indonesia [ran Iraq, Israel, Japan, Honshu, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Malaysia, Peninsular Malaysia, Sabah, Sarawak, Nepal, Pakistan, Philippines, Singapore, Taiwan, Thailand, Turkey, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan, AFRICA, Egypt, Ethiopia, Kenya, Libya, Malawi, Mauritius, Morocco, South Africa, Tanzania, Uganda, Zimbabwe, NORTH AMERICA, Canada, Alberta, British Columbia, Manitoba, Ontario, Yukon, Mexico, USA, Alabama, Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Connecticut, Delaware, Florida, Hawaii, Idaho, Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Michigan, Minnesota, Mississippi, Montana, Nebraska, Nevada, New Jersey, New Mexico, New York, North Carolina, North Dakota, Ohio, Oklahoma, Oregon, Pennsylvania, South Carolina, South Dakota, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, Washington, West Virginia, Wisconsin, Wyoming, CENTRAL AMERICA & CARIBBEAN, Cuba, SOUTH AMERICA, Argentina, Brazil, Chile, Peru, Venezuela, OCEANIA, American, Samoa, Australia, New South Wales, Queensland, South Australia, Tasmania, Victoria, Western Australia, Fiji, French, Polynesia, New Caledonia, New Zealand, Papua New Guinea.
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"Phthorimaea operculella. [Distribution map]." Distribution Maps of Plant Pests, No.June (August 1, 2012). http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/dmpp/20123252643.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract A new distribution map is provided for Phthorimaea operculella (Zeller). Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae. Hosts: Solanaceae, especially tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) and potato (S. tuberosum). Information is given on the geographical distribution in Europe (Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, France, Greece, Hungary, Italy (Sardinia, Sicily, Malta), Portugal (Azores, Madeira), Romania, Russia, Serbia, Spain (Canary Islands), UK (England and Wales), Ukraine), Asia (Bangladesh, China (Guizhou, Yunnan), Georgia, India (Bihar, Gujarat, Himachal Pradesh, Karnataka, Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra, Meghalaya, Orissa, Punjab, Tamil Nadu, Uttar Pradesh, West Bengal), Indonesia (Java, Sulawesi, Sumatra), Iran, Iraq, Israel, Japan (Honshu, Kyushu, Shikoku), Jordan, Korea Republic, Lebanon, Myanmar, Nepal, Oman, Pakistan, Philippines, Saudi Arabia, Sri Lanka, Syria, Thailand, Turkey, Vietnam, Yemen), Africa (Algeria, Burundi, Cape Verde, Congo, Congo Democratic Republic, Egypt, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Kenya, Libya, Madagascar, Malawi, Mauritius, Morocco, Reunion, Rwanda, Senegal, Seychelles, South Africa, St. Helena, Sudan, Tanzania, Tunisia, Zambia, Zimbabwe), North America (Mexico, USA (Alabama, Arizona, California, Colorado, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Hawaii, Idaho, Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Massachusetts, Michigan, Minnesota, Mississippi, Missouri, Nebraska, Nevada, New Jersey, New Mexico, New York, North Carolina, Ohio, Oregon, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, South Carolina, South Dakota, Tennessee, Texas, Utah, Virginia, Washington, Wisconsin)), Central America & Caribbean (Antigua and Barbuda, Bermuda, Costa Rica, Cuba, Dominican Republic, Haiti, Jamaica, Puerto Rico, St. Vincent and Grenadines), South America (Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil (Bahia, Goias, Minas Gerais, Parana, Rio Grande do Sul, Sao Paulo), Chile, Colombia, Ecuador, Paraguay, Peru, Uruguay, Venezuela), Oceania (Australia (New South Wales, Northern Territory, Queensland, South Australia, Tasmania, Victoria, Western Australia), Fiji, French Polynesia, Guam, New Caledonia, New Zealand, Norfolk Island, Papua New Guinea).
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"Alternaria brassicae. [Distribution map]." Distribution Maps of Plant Diseases, no. 5) (August 1, 1999). http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/dmpd/20066500353.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract A new distribution map is provided for Alternaria brassicae (Berk.) Sacc. Fungi: Mitosporic fungi Hosts: Brassica spp. and other Brassicaceae. Information is given on the geographical distribution in EUROPE, Austria, Belarus, Belgium, Bulgaria, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Ireland, Italy, Mainland Italy, Sardinia, Lithuania, Macedonia, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Romania, Russia, European, Russian Far East, Slovakia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, UK, Ukraine, Yugoslavia (Fed. Rep.), ASIA, Afghanistan, Armenia, Bangladesh, Bhutan, Brunei Darussalam, Cambodia, China, Fujian, Gansu, Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, Henan, Hong Kong, Hunan, Jiangsu, Jiangxi, Jilin, Liaoning, NeiMertggu, Shaanxi, Sichuan, Xinjiang, Yunnan, Zhejiang, Cyprus, India, Andaman and Nicobar Islands, Andhra Pradesh, Bihar, Delhi, Haryana, Himachal Pradesh, Jammu and Kashmir, Punjab, Rajasthan, Sikkim, Uttar Pradesh, West Bengal, Indonesia, Irian Jaya, Iran, Iraq, Israel, Japan, Kazakhstan, Korea Republic, Laos, Lebanon, Malaysia, Peninsular Malaysia, Sabah, Myanmar, Nepal, Pakistan, Philippines, Saudi Arabia, Singapore, Sri Lanka, Taiwan, Thailand, Turkey, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan, Vietnam, AFRICA, Angola, Cote d'Ivoire, Egypt, Ethiopia, Gabon, Kenya, Malawi, Mauritius, Morocco, Mozambique, Senegal, South Africa, Sudan, Tanzania, Zambia, Zimbabwe, NORTH AMERICA, Canada, Alberta, British Columbia, Manitoba, New Brunswick, Nova Scotia, Ontario, Quebec, Saskatchewan, Mexico, USA, Alabama, Alaska, Arizona, Arkansas, California, Connecticut, Delaware, Florida, Hawaii, Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Maryland, Massachusetts, Michigan, Minnesota, Mississippi, Missouri, New Jersey, New York, North Carolina, Ohio, Oregon, Pennsylvania, South Carolina, Texas, Utah, Virginia, Washington, West Virginia, Wisconsin, CENTRAL AMERICA & CARIBBEAN, Barbados, Bermuda, Costa Rica, Cuba, Dominican Republic, El Salvador, Guatemala, Haiti, Honduras, Jamaica, Nicaragua, Panama, Puerto Rico, Trinidad and Tobago, SOUTH AMERICA, Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Minas Gerais, Parana, Rio Grande do Sul, Chile, Colombia, Guyana, Peru, Suriname, Uruguay, Venezuela, OCEANIA, Australia, New South Wales, Northern Territory, Queensland, South Australia, Tasmania, Victoria, Western Australia, French, Polynesia, New Caledonia, New Zealand, Niue, Palau, Papua New Guinea, Vanuatu, Wallis and Futuna Islands.