Relevant bibliographies by topics / Polynia

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Polynia'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 4 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Polynia"

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Choiński, Adam, and Mariusz Ptak. "Variation in the ice cover thickness on Lake Samołęskie as a result of underground water supply." Limnological Review 12, no. 3 (March 1, 2012): 133–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/v10194-012-0053-5.

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AbstractThe character of phenomena related to freezing depends on macroscale factors and mainly on thermal conditions, but local conditions can also be of great importance in shaping the course of these phenomena. Building of ice cover can be substantially different even for neighbouring lakes as a result of different individual features such as, for example, morphometric parameters. In this study the variation in the thickness of ice cover on Lake Samołęskie (29 ha) localised in western Poland, is analysed. According to measurements performed the differences in the thickness of ice cover was significant as it varied from 20 to 33 cm. A characteristic feature was that along the west bank of the lake the ice cover was thinner and its thickness increased towards the east. Analysis of the hydrogeological data revealed that this phenomenon is related to the supply of water to the lake basin by efficient water-carrying formations. The influx of water affects the bottom layer of the ice cover. This effect is aggravated by the fact that the water is supplied under elevated pressure as evidenced by the presence of a polynia of about 10 m in diameter, over the deepest (over 20 metres deep) site in the lake. The polynia is never frozen, even during the coldest winters. The specific features of the lake illustrate the influence of local geological conditions on the character of processes taking place in lakes in general.
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Dragon, Anne-Cécile, Marie-Noëlle Houssais, Christophe Herbaut, and Jean-Benoît Charrassin. "A note on the intraseasonal variability in an Antarctic polynia: Prior to and after the Mertz Glacier calving." Journal of Marine Systems 130 (February 2014): 46–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jmarsys.2013.06.006.

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Hollands, T., V. Haid, W. Dierking, R. Timmermann, and L. Ebner. "Sea ice motion and open water area at the Ronne Polynia, Antarctica: Synthetic aperture radar observations versus model results." Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans 118, no. 4 (April 2013): 1940–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jgrc.20158.

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das Neves, Rogério Coutinho, Márcia Renata Mortari, Elisabeth Ferroni Schwartz, André Kipnis, and Ana Paula Junqueira-Kipnis. "Antimicrobial and Antibiofilm Effects of Peptides from Venom of Social Wasp and Scorpion on Multidrug-Resistant Acinetobacter baumannii." Toxins 11, no. 4 (April 10, 2019): 216. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/toxins11040216.

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Intravascular stent infection is a rare complication with a high morbidity and high mortality; bacteria from the hospital environment form biofilms and are often multidrug-resistant (MDR). Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) have been considered as alternatives to bacterial infection treatment. We analyzed the formation of the bacterial biofilm on the vascular stents and also tested the inhibition of this biofilm by AMPs to be used as treatment or coating. Antimicrobial activity and antibiofilm were tested with wasp (Agelaia-MPI, Polybia-MPII, Polydim-I) and scorpion (Con10 and NDBP5.8) AMPs against Acinetobacter baumannii clinical strains. A. baumannii formed a biofilm on the vascular stent. Agelaia-MPI and Polybia-MPII inhibited biofilm formation with bacterial cell wall degradation. Coating biofilms with polyethylene glycol (PEG 400) and Agelaia-MPI reduced 90% of A. baumannii adhesion on stents. The wasp AMPs Agelaia-MPI and Polybia-MPII had better action against MDR A. baumannii adherence and biofilm formation on vascular stents, preventing its formation and treating mature biofilm when compared to the other tested peptides.
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das Neves, Rogerio Coutinho, Monalisa Martins Trentini, Juliana de Castro e Silva, Karina Smidt Simon, Anamelia Lorenzetti Bocca, Luciano Paulino Silva, Marcia Renata Mortari, Andre Kipnis, and Ana Paula Junqueira-Kipnis. "Antimycobacterial Activity of a New Peptide Polydim-I Isolated from Neotropical Social Wasp Polybia dimorpha." PLOS ONE 11, no. 3 (March 1, 2016): e0149729. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0149729.

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Yang, Yi, Ryo Murai, Yuka Takahashi, Airi Mori, Masaya Hane, Ken Kitajima, and Chihiro Sato. "Comparative Studies of Polysialic Acids Derived from Five Different Vertebrate Brains." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 21, no. 22 (November 14, 2020): 8593. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms21228593.

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Polysialic acid (polySia/PSA) is a linear homopolymer of sialic acid (Sia) that primarily modifies the neural cell adhesion molecule (NCAM) in mammalian brains. PolySia-NCAM not only displays an anti-adhesive function due to the hydration effect, but also possesses a molecule-retaining function via a direct binding to neurologically active molecules. The quality and quantity of polySia determine the function of polySia-NCAM and are considered to be profoundly related to the maintenance of normal brain functions. In this study, to compare the structures of polySia-NCAM in brains of five different vertebrates (mammals, birds, reptiles, amphibians, and fish), we adopted newly developed combinational methods for the analyses. The results revealed that the structural features of polySia considerably varied among different species. Interestingly, mice, as a mammal, possess eminently distinct types of polySia, in both quality and quantity, compared with those possessed by other animals. Thus, the mouse polySia is of larger quantities, of longer and more diverse chain lengths, and of a larger molecular size with higher negative charge, compared with polySia of other species. These properties might enable more advanced brain function. Additionally, it is suggested that the polySia/Sia ratio, which likely reflects the complexity of brain function, can be used as a new promising index to evaluate the intelligence of different vertebrate brains.
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Oltmann-Norden, Imke, Sebastian P. Galuska, Herbert Hildebrandt, Rudolf Geyer, Rita Gerardy-Schahn, Hildegard Geyer, and Martina Mühlenhoff. "Impact of the Polysialyltransferases ST8SiaII and ST8SiaIV on Polysialic Acid Synthesis during Postnatal Mouse Brain Development." Journal of Biological Chemistry 283, no. 3 (November 28, 2007): 1463–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1074/jbc.m708463200.

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Polysialic acid (polySia), a post-translational modification of the neural cell adhesion molecule (NCAM), is the key regulator of NCAM-mediated functions and crucial for normal brain development, postnatal growth, and survival. Two polysialyltransferases, ST8SiaII and ST8SiaIV, mediate polySia biosynthesis. To dissect the impact of each enzyme during postnatal brain development, we monitored the developmental changes in NCAM polysialylation in wild-type, ST8SiaII-, and ST8SiaIV-deficient mice using whole brain lysates obtained at 10 time points from postnatal days 1 to 21 and from adult mice. In wild-type and ST8SiaIV-null brain, polySia biosynthesis kept pace with the rapid increase in brain weight until day 9, and nearly all NCAM was polysialylated. Thereafter, polySia dropped by ∼70% within 1 week, accompanied by the first occurrence of polySia-free NCAM-140 and NCAM-180. In ST8SiaII-null brain, polySia declined immediately after birth, leading to 60% less polySia at day 9 combined with the untimely appearance of polySia-free NCAM. Polysialyltransferase deficiency did not alter NCAM expression level or isoform pattern. In all three genotypes, NCAM-140 and NCAM-180 were expressed at constant levels from days 1 to 21 and provided the major polySia acceptors. By contrast, NCAM-120 first appeared at day 5, followed by a strong up-regulation inverse to the decrease in polySia. Together, we provide a comprehensive quantitative analysis of the developmental changes in polySia level, NCAM polysialylation status, and polysialyltransferase transcript levels and show that the predominant role of ST8SiaII during postnatal brain development is restricted to the first 15 days.
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BIGGS, NICHOLAS R. T., MIGUEL A. MORALES MAQUEDA, and ANDREW J. WILLMOTT. "Polynya flux model solutions incorporating a parameterization for the collection thickness of consolidated new ice." Journal of Fluid Mechanics 408 (April 10, 2000): 179–204. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022112099007673.

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Previous polynya flux models have specified a constant value for the collection thickness of frazil ice, H, at the polynya edge. In certain circumstances, this approach can cause the frazil ice depth, h, within the polynya, to exceed H, a result which violates assumptions made in the formulation of the ice flux balance equations at the polynya edge. To overcome this problem, a parameterization for H is derived in terms of the depth of frazil ice arriving at the polynya edge and the component, normal to the polynya edge, of the frazil ice velocity relative to the velocity of the consolidated ice pack. Thus, H is coupled to the unknown polynya edge. Using the new parameterization for H, an analysis of the unsteady one-dimensional opening of a coastal polynya is presented. Analytical solutions are also derived, using the new parameterization for H, for steady-state two-dimensional polynyas adjacent to a semi-infinite and finite-length coastal barrier, the latter case representing a prototype island. In all cases, the solutions show close qualitative and quantitative agreement with those derived using a constant value for H. However, the steady-state two-dimensional polynya edge can, in certain circumstances, exhibit a corner at the point where the offshore equilibrium width is reached. Precise conditions for the existence of a corner are derived in terms of the orientation of the frazil ice velocity (u) and the consolidated ice velocity (U). Upper and lower bounds are also obtained for the area of the steady-state island polynya, and it is shown that over a large range of orientations of u and U, the area exceeds that associated with the island polynya with constant H. Finally, two simulations of the St. Lawrence Island Polynya are presented using the new parameterization for H, and the results are compared with the H-constant theory.
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Hane, Masaya, Mizuki Sumida, Ken Kitajima, and Chihiro Sato. "Structural and functional impairments of polysialic acid (polySia)-neural cell adhesion molecule (NCAM) synthesized by a mutated polysialyltransferase of a schizophrenic patient." Pure and Applied Chemistry 84, no. 9 (June 24, 2012): 1895–906. http://dx.doi.org/10.1351/pac-con-11-12-10.

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Polysialic acid (polySia) is a homopolymer of sialic acid with a degree of polymerization (DP) of 8–400. When present on neural cell adhesion molecule (NCAM), polySia has anti-adhesive effects on cell–cell interactions owing to its bulky polyanionic nature, and is involved in the regulation of neurogenesis and neuronal functions. Recently, we demonstrated that polySia functions not only as an anti-cell adhesion molecule, but also as a reservoir scaffold for brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and fibroblast growth factor 2 (FGF2), which are biologically active molecules in neurogenesis. To understand the significance of polySia structure in the reservoir function, we focused on polySia-NCAM biosynthesized by mutated polysialyltransferase (ST8SiaII or STX) that was reported in a schizophrenia patient. The polySia-NCAM biosynthesized by mutant ST8SiaII/STX contained less polySia with shorter chain length and exhibited impaired reservoir function for BDNF and FGF2 as compared with that synthesized by wild-type (wt) ST8SiaII/STX. Our findings suggest that the quantity and quality of polySia on NCAM are important for normal neuronal functioning.
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Lourido, Gilcélia Melo, Thiago Mahlmann V. Lopes, Alexandre Somavilla, and Karla Francini G. Guerra. "Social wasps as biological control agents against Diaphania hyalinata (Linnaeus, 1767) (Lepidoptera, Crambidae), a cucumber pest in Amazonas, Brazil." Sociobiology 66, no. 4 (December 30, 2019): 610. http://dx.doi.org/10.13102/sociobiology.v66i4.3576.

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Diaphania hyalinata (Lepidoptera: Crambidae), popularly known as “melonworm moth”, is considered a main pest of the cucumber, and depending on the intensity of infestation, the damage can reach 100%. Herein, we report the predation of D. hyalinata larvae by seven social wasp species: Brachygastra lecheguana, Polybia dimidiata, Polybia ignobilis, Polybia liliacea, Protopolybia minutissima, Synoeca surinama and Synoeca virginea, and predation of D. hyalinata pupae by Polybia liliacea. We suggest that Polybia liliacea, should be considered as a potential biological control for cucumbers, due to its high index of captured prey and intense foraging activity.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Polynia"

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Borchers, Andreas. "Glaciomarine sedimentation at the continental margin of Prydz Bay, East Antarctica : implications on palaeoenvironmental changes during the Quaternary." Phd thesis, Universität Potsdam, 2010. http://opus.kobv.de/ubp/volltexte/2011/5262/.

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The Antarctic plays an important role in the global climate system. On the one hand, the Antarctic Ice Sheet is the largest freshwater reservoir on Earth. On the other hand, a major proportion of the global bottom-water formation takes place in Antarctic shelf regions, forcing the global thermohaline circulation. The main goal of this dissertation is to provide new insights into the dynamics and stability of the EAIS during the Quaternary. Additionally, variations in the activity of bottom-water formation and their causes are investigated. The dissertation is a German contribution to the International Polar Year 2007/ 2008 and was funded by the ‘Deutsche Forschungsgesellschaft’ (DFG) within the scope of priority program 1158 ‘Antarctic research with comparative studies in Arctic ice regions’. During RV Polarstern expedition ANT-XXIII/9, glaciomarine sediments were recovered from the Prydz Bay-Kerguelen region. Prydz Bay is a key region for the study of East EAIS dynamics, as 16% of the EAIS are drained through the Lambert Glacier into the bay. Thereby, the glacier transports sediment into Prydz Bay which is then further distributed by calving icebergs or by current transport. The scientific approach of this dissertation is the reconstruction of past glaciomarine environments to infer on the response of the Lambert Glacier-Amery Ice Shelf system to climate shifts during the Quaternary. To characterize the depositional setting, sedimentological methods are used and statistical analyses are applied. Mineralogical and (bio)geochemical methods provide a means to reconstruct sediment provenances and to provide evidence on changes in the primary production in the surface water column. Age-depth models were constructed based on palaeomagnetic and palaeointensity measurements, diatom stratigraphy and radiocarbon dating. Sea-bed surface sediments in the investigation area show distinct variations in terms of their clay minerals and heavy-mineral assemblages. Considerable differences in the mineralogical composition of surface sediments are determined on the continental shelf. Clay minerals as well as heavy minerals provide useful parameters to differentiate between sediments which originated from erosion of crystalline rocks and sediments originating from Permo-Triassic deposits. Consequently, mineralogical parameters can be used to reconstruct the provenance of current-transported and ice-rafted material. The investigated sediment cores cover the time intervals of the last 1.4 Ma (continental slope) and the last 12.8 cal. ka BP (MacRobertson shelf). The sediment deposits were mainly influenced by glacial and oceanographic processes and further by biological activity (continental shelf), meltwater input and possibly gravitational transport. Sediments from the continental slope document two major deglacial events: the first deglaciation is associated with the mid-Pleistocene warming recognized around the Antarctic. In Prydz Bay, the Lambert Glacier-Amery Ice Shelf retreated far to the south and high biogenic productivity commenced or biogenic remains were better preserved due to increased sedimentation rates. Thereafter, stable glacial conditions continued until 400 - 500 ka BP. Calving of icebergs was restricted to the western part of the Lambert Glacier. The deeper bathymetry in this area allows for floating ice shelf even during times of decreased sea-level. Between 400 - 500 ka BP and the last interglacial (marine isotope stage 5) the glacier was more dynamic. During or shortly after the last interglacial the LAIS retreated again due to sea-level rise of 6 - 9 m. Both deglacial events correlate with a reduction in the thickness of ice masses in the Prince Charles Mountains. It indicates that a disintegration of the Amery Ice Shelf possibly led to increased drainage of ice masses from the Prydz Bay hinterland. A new end-member modelling algorithm was successfully applied on sediments from the MacRobertson shelf used to unmix the sand grain size fractions sorted by current activity and ice transport, respectively. Ice retreat on MacRobertson Shelf commenced 12.8 cal. ka BP and ended around 5.5 cal. ka BP. During the Holocene, strong fluctuations of the bottomwater activity were observed, probably related to variations of sea-ice formation in the Cape Darnley polynya. Increased activity of bottom-water flow was reconstructed at transitions from warm to cool conditions, whereas bottom-water activity receded during the mid- Holocene climate optimum. It can be concluded that the Lambert Glacier-Amery Ice Shelf system was relatively stable in terms of climate variations during the Quaternary. In contrast, bottom-water formation due to polynya activity was very sensitive to changes in atmospheric forcing and should gain more attention in future research.
Die Antarktis spielt im globalen Umweltsystem eine tragende Rolle. Mit ihrem mächtigen Eispanzer ist sie nicht nur der größte Süsswasserspeicher auf der Erde, in ihren Schelfregionen wird auch ein Großteil der globalen Bodenwassermassen gebildet, welche die globale thermohaline Zirkulation antreiben. Hauptziel dieser Arbeit, welche einen deutschen Beitrag zum Internationalen Polarjahr 2007/ 2008 liefert, war es, neue Erkenntnisse hinsichtlich der Stabilität des Ostantarktischen Eisschildes während des Quartärs zu liefern. Weiterhin sollten Aussagen über Variationen in der Bildung von Antarktischem Bodenwasser und deren Ursachen getroffen werden. Dazu wurde im Rahmen der ‚Polarstern‘ Expedition ANT-XXIII/9 eine Beprobung glaziomariner Sedimente zwischen Prydz Bucht und Kerguelen Plateau durchgeführt. Diese Region eignet sich zur Untersuchung der Ostantarktischen Eisdynamik besonders gut, da hier der Lambert Gletscher, etwa 16% des Ostantarktischen Eispanzers drainiert. Er transportiert dabei Sediment nach Norden, das schließlich die Prydz Bucht erreicht und durch direkten Transport über kalbende Eisberge oder durch Umlagerung und Verteilung mithilfe von Meeresströmungen weiter verfrachtet wird. Der wissenschaftliche Ansatz dieser Arbeit besteht darin, über die Verteilung dieser Sedimente in Raum und Zeit, d.h. über Variationen des glaziomarinen Paläoregimes, die Reaktion des Lambert Gletschers und des vorgelagerten Amery Schelfeises auf Klimaschwankungen während des Quartärs zu rekonstruieren. Dabei werden sowohl sedimentologische Methoden unter Einbeziehung neuer statistischer Möglichkeiten angewandt, um Sedimentationsprozesse zu charakterisieren, als auch mineralogische und (bio)geochemische Parameter verwendet, um Aussagen über die Herkunft der Sedimente und Änderungen in der Produktivität im Oberflächenwasser treffen zu können. Die Altersbestimmung der Sedimentkerne erfolgte mittels Paläomagnetik, Paläointensitäten, Biostratigraphie und Radiokarbondatierungen. Die Oberflächensedimente im Untersuchungsgebiet zeigen deutliche Unterschiede sowohl hinsichtlich ihrer Tonmineral- als auch Schwermineralzusammensetzung. Beide mineralogischen Parameter zeigen die größten Differerenzen auf dem Schelf. Dort lassen sich deutlich Sedimente der Prydz Bucht von Sedimenten des MacRobertson Shelfes differenzieren. Sie stellen daher ein gutes Hilfsmittel dar, um sowohl die Herkunft von eis- als auch strömungstransportiertem Material zu rekonstruieren. Die untersuchten Sedimentkerne decken den Zeitraum der letzten 1,4 Millionen Jahre (Kontinentalhang) bzw. der letzten 12,8 tausend kal. Jahre v. H. ab (MacRobertson Schelf). Die abgelagerten Sedimente wurden i. W. durch glaziale und ozeanographische Einflüsse geprägt, aber auch durch Bioproduktion (Schelf) bzw. durch Schmelzwassereinträge und möglicherweise gravitative Prozesse (Kontinentalhang). In den Sedimenten des Kontinentalhangs sind zwei starke Enteisungsereignisse überliefert: Das erste Ereignis steht mit dem mittelpleistozänen Klimaoptimum in Verbindung, das auch in anderen antarktischen Regionen nachgewiesen wurde. Es führte in der Prydz Bucht zu einem weitreichenden Rückzug des Lambert Gletscher-Amery Schelfeises (LAIS) und gleichzeitig zu einer hohen Primärproduktion. Danach herrschten bis etwa 400 - 500 tausend Jahre v. H. stabile glaziale Bedingungen. Kalbung von Eisbergen war wahrscheinlich auf den westlichen Teil des Lambert Gletschers begrenzt, wo eine tiefere Bathymetrie auch bei niedrigerem globalen Meeresspiegel noch Aufschwimmen des Gletschereises erlaubt. Zwischen 400 - 500 tausend Jahren v. H. und vermutlich dem letzten Interglazial wurde der Gletscher schließlich wieder dynamischer, um mit oder kurz nach dem letzten Interglazial (Meeresspiegel etwa 6 - 9 m höher) eine weitere Phase deutlichen Rückzuges zu durchlaufen. Beide Ereignisse lassen sich mit Phasen der Eisreduktion in den Prinz Charles Bergen korrelieren, d.h. der Rückzug des Lambert Gletschers hatte möglicherweise ein erhöhtes Nachfließen von Eismassen aus dem Hinterland zur Folge. An den Sedimenten des Schelfkernes wurde ein neu entwickeltes Verfahren der Endmember-Modellierung erfolgreich getestet. Der Eisrückzug auf dem MacRobertson Schelf begann etwa 12,8 tausend kal. Jahre v. H. und war gegen 5,5 tausend kal. Jahre v. H. abgeschlossen. Während des Holozäns kam es zu starken Schwankungen in der Bodenwasseraktivität, die höchst wahrscheinlich mit der Neubildungsrate von Meereis in der Kap Darnley Polynia in Zusammenhang stehen. Besonders auffallend war eine erhöhte Bodenwasseraktivität am Übergang von Warm- zu Kaltphasen bzw. ihr extremer Rückgang während des Mittel-Holozänen Klimaoptimums. Insgesamt zeigen die Ergebnisse der Arbeit, dass sich das LAIS während des Quartärs relativ stabil gegenüber Klimaveränderungen verhalten hat. Die Bodenwasserproduktion in Polynien dagegen reagierte sehr empfindlich auf relative geringe atmosphärische Veränderungen und bedarf in Zukunft verstärkter Aufmerksamkeit.
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Jahrl, Timmy. "Ringar, Euklides och polynom : Från ring till polynom." Thesis, Örebro universitet, Institutionen för naturvetenskap och teknik, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:oru:diva-39674.

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Heltalen och polynom tycks ha flera gemensamma egenskaper. En av heltalens egenskaper är aritmetikens fundamentalsats som säger att alla heltal kan skrivas som en produkt av primtal. Polynomen har en motsvarande egenskap, faktorsatsen, som innebär att varje polynom kan skrivas som en produkt av rotfaktorer. Denna och flera andra egenskaper som heltal och polynom har som motsvarar varandra beror inte på en slump utan på att de är besläktade. Egenskaper hos många välanvända mängder, de reella talen, de rationella talen samt heltalen kan beskrivas med gruppteori. Dessa egenskaper gäller endast över en binär operation men många intressanta och användbara egenskaper kräver två operationer. Inom denna uppsats undersöks den algebraiska strukturen ringar där många egenskaper som tas för givet beror på speciella egenskaper och därmed inte alltid finns närvarande. Efteråt studeras en speciell typ av ring kallad Euklidiska domän. Där många egenskaper som tillhör heltalen existerar i generaliserade former inom denna ring. Detta kapitel innehåller bevis som har generaliserats. Även polynomens struktur studeras och visar sig vara en Euklidisk domän. I studien används ett annat tillvägagångsätt än den traditionella där det bevisas genom idealer och PID. Uppsatsen avslutas med en kort studie av flervariabelpolynom där de egna bevisen finns varvid det ses att flervariabelpolynom med samma mängdvariabler är isomorfa.
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Butler, Joanne Elizabeth. "Phytoplankton ecology in a high arctic polynya." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 1985. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/25080.

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Primary production was studied in Fram Sound, part of the Hell Gate-Cardigan Strait polynya, from June to August, 1982. Primary production rates, phytoplankton biomass (chlorophyll α), and water transparency were measured and used in conjunction with modelled solar radiation values to numerically model primary production during this time. The major phytoplankton nutrients were also measured. Early season chlorophyll α concentrations were low, and the increased light availability due to reduced ice cover in this area did not appear to enhance early season production. Chlorophyll concentrations peaked twice; the first peak occured on 20 July and the second on 14 August. The mean primary production rate and phytoplankton biomass were 998 mg C.m⁻² .d⁻¹ and 72 mg chl.m⁻² . This production rate is higher than that measured in other High Arctic areas. Nitrogen, phosphorus and silica were essentially homogeneously distributed during the sampling period and these concentrations varied little from June to August except during 5 days in late August, when they decreased by half then returned to previous levels.
Applied Science, Faculty of
Civil Engineering, Department of
Graduate
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Bussey, Heather Jane. "Microzooplankton herbivory and bacterivory in the North Water Polynya /." Internet access available to MUN users only, 2003. http://collections.mun.ca/u?/theses,161732.

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Gelin, Luiz Fernando Fracassi [UNESP]. "Análise filogenética de Polybia lepeletier, 1836 (Hymenoptera, Vespidae, Polistinae)." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/87637.

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Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)
Polybia é um gênero de vespas sociais enxameadoras que engloba 58 espécies válidas, distribuídas do sul dos Estados Unidos até o norte da Argentina. Esse gênero é dividido em em 11 subgêneros, alguns deles são altamente variáveis morfológicamente. A dificuldade em encontrar sinapomorfias tanto para o gênero quanto para os subgêneros reflete um histórico taxonômico conturbado, já que as espécies aí incluídas são aquelas que não se encaixam em nenhum outro gênero de Epiponini. Além disso, Polybia difere quanto ao posicionamento filético em estudos morfológicos, comportamentais e moleculares (ou combinados). Levando em conta a dificuldade de encontrar sinapomorfias e a variação do gênero na filogenia dos Epiponini, o objetivo deste estudo foi realizar uma análise filogenética das espécies do gênero, buscando estabelecer as relações subgenéricas e verificar as relações entre as espécies. Para isso foi realizado um estudo da morfologia externa de fêmeas adultas de 50 espécies dos 11 subgêneros de Polybia, no qual foram utilizados caracteres já propostos na literatura e levantados novos caracteres, totalizando 65 caracteres de morfologia externa de fêmeas adultas, 20 caracteres de morfologia externa das larvas e 10 caracteres de arquitetura de ninho. Os caracteres foram dispostos em uma matriz de dados composta por 56 táxons terminais, sendo seis do grupo externo (Protopolybia, Charterginus, Brachygastra, Chartergus, Protonectarina e Epipona) e 95 caracteres. A análise foi realizada no programa TNT 1.1 utilizando o princípio da parcimônia com uma combinação de algorítimos: Tree-drifting, Tree-fusing, Ratchet e Sectorial Searches. Após a análise o programa gerou 22 árvores mais parcimoniosas. A árvore de consenso estrito possui a seguinte topologia para os subgêneros de Polybia: (Apopolybia + (Trichinothorax + ((Cylindroca + Pedothoeca)...
Polybia is a genus of swarm-founding social wasps which comprises 58 described species, ranging from the south of United States to the north of Argentina. It is divided into 11 subgenera, some of them have a great number of polymorphysms. The difficulty on estabilize synapomorphies for the genus or the subgenera may be regarded as consequence of the trublesomme taxonomic background, because the species included in this genus are the one that could not be placed in in other Epiponini genera. Moreover, Polybia differs on its phylogenetic position in the analyses based on morphology, behavior and molecular (or total evidence) data. Taking into account the difficulty on estabilish synapomorphies and the topologic variation in the Epiponini phylogeny, this study aimed to estabilish the subgeneric relationships and verifies the relationships among species. In order to do this, we made a morphological study of adult females’ external parts in 50 species of the 11 Polybia subgenera. It was surveied new characters that were added to the characters previously proposed in the literature, totalizing 65 external morphology of adult females’ characters, 20 characters of external morphology of larvae and 10 characters of nest architecture. The data matrix was composed by 56 terminal taxa (six outgroup: Protopolybia, Charterginus, Brachygastra, Chartergus, Protonectarina e Epipona) and 95 characteres. The analysis was run in the program TNT 1.1 under the parsimony principle with a combination of algorytims: Tree-drifting, Tree-fusing, Ratchet e Sectorial Searches. The analysis generated 22 most parsimonious trees. The consensus tree has the falowing topology: (Apopolybia + (Trichinothorax + ((Cylindroca + Pedothoeca) + (Furnariana + ((Formicicola + Platypolybia) + (Myrapetra + ((Myrapetra + ((Synoecoides + Polybia) + Alpha)) + Myrapetra), confirming. therefore, the monophyly... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
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Gelin, Luiz Fernando Fracassi. "Análise filogenética de Polybia lepeletier, 1836 (Hymenoptera, Vespidae, Polistinae) /." São José do Rio Preto : [s.n.], 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/87637.

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Abstract:
Orientador: Fernando Barbosa Noll
Banca: Dalton de Souza Amorim
Banca: Eduardo Andrade Botelho de Almeida
Resumo: Polybia é um gênero de vespas sociais enxameadoras que engloba 58 espécies válidas, distribuídas do sul dos Estados Unidos até o norte da Argentina. Esse gênero é dividido em em 11 subgêneros, alguns deles são altamente variáveis morfológicamente. A dificuldade em encontrar sinapomorfias tanto para o gênero quanto para os subgêneros reflete um histórico taxonômico conturbado, já que as espécies aí incluídas são aquelas que não se encaixam em nenhum outro gênero de Epiponini. Além disso, Polybia difere quanto ao posicionamento filético em estudos morfológicos, comportamentais e moleculares (ou combinados). Levando em conta a dificuldade de encontrar sinapomorfias e a variação do gênero na filogenia dos Epiponini, o objetivo deste estudo foi realizar uma análise filogenética das espécies do gênero, buscando estabelecer as relações subgenéricas e verificar as relações entre as espécies. Para isso foi realizado um estudo da morfologia externa de fêmeas adultas de 50 espécies dos 11 subgêneros de Polybia, no qual foram utilizados caracteres já propostos na literatura e levantados novos caracteres, totalizando 65 caracteres de morfologia externa de fêmeas adultas, 20 caracteres de morfologia externa das larvas e 10 caracteres de arquitetura de ninho. Os caracteres foram dispostos em uma matriz de dados composta por 56 táxons terminais, sendo seis do grupo externo (Protopolybia, Charterginus, Brachygastra, Chartergus, Protonectarina e Epipona) e 95 caracteres. A análise foi realizada no programa TNT 1.1 utilizando o princípio da parcimônia com uma combinação de algorítimos: Tree-drifting, Tree-fusing, Ratchet e Sectorial Searches. Após a análise o programa gerou 22 árvores mais parcimoniosas. A árvore de consenso estrito possui a seguinte topologia para os subgêneros de Polybia: (Apopolybia + (Trichinothorax + ((Cylindroca + Pedothoeca)... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo)
Abstract: Polybia is a genus of swarm-founding social wasps which comprises 58 described species, ranging from the south of United States to the north of Argentina. It is divided into 11 subgenera, some of them have a great number of polymorphysms. The difficulty on estabilize synapomorphies for the genus or the subgenera may be regarded as consequence of the trublesomme taxonomic background, because the species included in this genus are the one that could not be placed in in other Epiponini genera. Moreover, Polybia differs on its phylogenetic position in the analyses based on morphology, behavior and molecular (or total evidence) data. Taking into account the difficulty on estabilish synapomorphies and the topologic variation in the Epiponini phylogeny, this study aimed to estabilish the subgeneric relationships and verifies the relationships among species. In order to do this, we made a morphological study of adult females' external parts in 50 species of the 11 Polybia subgenera. It was surveied new characters that were added to the characters previously proposed in the literature, totalizing 65 external morphology of adult females' characters, 20 characters of external morphology of larvae and 10 characters of nest architecture. The data matrix was composed by 56 terminal taxa (six outgroup: Protopolybia, Charterginus, Brachygastra, Chartergus, Protonectarina e Epipona) and 95 characteres. The analysis was run in the program TNT 1.1 under the parsimony principle with a combination of algorytims: Tree-drifting, Tree-fusing, Ratchet e Sectorial Searches. The analysis generated 22 most parsimonious trees. The consensus tree has the falowing topology: (Apopolybia + (Trichinothorax + ((Cylindroca + Pedothoeca) + (Furnariana + ((Formicicola + Platypolybia) + (Myrapetra + ((Myrapetra + ((Synoecoides + Polybia) + Alpha)) + Myrapetra), confirming. therefore, the monophyly... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
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Norbury, C. J. "Polyoma virus : polyadenylation and recombination." Thesis, Imperial College London, 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/47448.

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McDonald, Andrew James. "An ice-tracking algorithm applied to the North water polynya." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape11/PQDD_0004/MQ44918.pdf.

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Bâcle, Julie. "The physical oceanography of waters under the North Water Polynya /." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2000. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp03/MQ64314.pdf.

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Portugal, Augusto Henrique Arantes. "Defesa quimica em larvas da borboleta Mechanitis polymnia (Nymphalidae : Ithomiinae)." [s.n.], 2001. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/316032.

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Orientador: Jose Roberto Trigo
Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Biologia
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Resumo: Os imaturos de lepidópteros estão sujeitos a altas taxas de mortalidade no ambiente natural. Uma das formas de defesa mais utilizadas e estudadas é a defesa química, envolvendo, por exemplo, substâncias tóxicas ou impalatáveis. Estas substâncias podem ser adquiridas pelos lepidópteros de suas fontes alimentares ou biosintetisadas de novo. Através de um acompanhamento dos imaturos de Mechanitis po/ymnia no campo observou-se que larvas apresentam as taxas mais altas de sobrevivência quando comparadas a ovos e pupas. A sobrevivência de ovos a adultos de Mechanitis po/ymnia em So/anum tabacifolium (área urbana) foi maior do que em So/anum mauritianum e So/anum concinnum (ambos floresta secundária). Experimentos realizados em laboratório com a formiga predadora generalista Camponotus crassus confirmaram a capacidade de defesa de larvas de Mechanitis po/ymnia contra predadores. Além disto verificou se que o tipo de defesa envolvida seria provavelmente defesa química e que as substâncias de defesa estariam localizadas na superfície das larvas já que a rejeição pelas formigas se dava após breve contato inicial. Uma classe de substâncias possivelmente responsáveis pela defesa seriam os lipídios cuticulares (LCs). Lipídios cuticulares de insetos e plantas terrestres tem como principal função, proteção contra dessecação. Por se localizarem na superfície externa do corpo, podem estar envolvidos em mecanismos de comunicação química tanto inter, quanto intraespecífica. Desta forma, investigou-se o papel de lipídios cuticulares na defesa de larvas de Mechanitis po/ymnia contra a formiga predadora generalista Camponotus crassus. Verificou-se que o padrão químico de LCs de larvas de Mechanitis po/ymnia e de folhas de So/anum tabacifolium é muito semelhante, ao contrário de outros Ithomiinae e suas plantas hospedeiras. Camponotus crassus não predou larvas vivas ou mortas de Mechanitis po/ymnia em bioensaios em laboratório, porém predou larvas vivas de outros Ithomiinae. Formulou-se a hipótese de que as formigas não reconheceram as larvas de Mechanitis po/ymnia como presa devido à sua incapacidade de diferenciar as larvas das folhas de So/anum tabacifolium, causada pela similaridade do padrão químico dos LCs. Quando larvas de Mechanitis po/ymnia foram colocadas em uma situação de baixa similaridade com a folha em que elas se encontravam, elas passaram a ser predadas por Camponotus crassus. Larvas palatáveis de Spodoptera frugiperda foram utilizadas em bioensaios de dupla escolha para comprovar o papel dos LCs nesta defesa química. Dois bioensaios foram realizados: 1. A larva experimental se encontrava em situação de alta similaridade e foi menos visitada pelas formigas; 2. A larva experimental estava em situação de baixa similaridade e foi visitada de forma igual à larva controle. Isto demonstrou que um padrão químico de LCs semelhante ao de uma folha pode ser uma defesa eficiente contra predadores quimicamente orientados como Camponotus crassus. Do ponto de vista da formiga a larva estaria quimicamente camuflada na folha de sua planta hospedeira
Abstract: Immature Lepidoptera are subject to high mortality rates in the natural environment. Chemical defences are one of the best studied and known mechanisms of defence employed by butlerflies. In the field, it was observed that larval survivorship is higher than the survivorship of eggs or pupae. The survivorship of Mechanitis po/ymnia from eggs to imagoes on So/anum tabacifolium (urban area) was higher than on So/anum mauritianum or So/anum concinnum (both in a secondary forest). Laboratory experiments assured the defence capability of Mechanitis po/ymnia against generalist predators like Camponotus crassus. It was also observed that the chemistry of defence was located on the surface of the caterpillars because the ants rejected them after a short contact. Because they are located on the external surface of the body, cuticular lipids (CLs) may be involved in chemical communication, both inter and intraspecific. It was verified that the CL profile of Mechanitis po/ymnia larvae and So/anum tabacifolium leaves is almost identical unlike for other Ithomiinae examined. Uve larvae of Mechanitis po/ymnia were not killed by Camponotus crassus which also did not eat dead larvae. On the other hand other Ithomiinae larvae were killed and preyed upon by Camponotus crassus. Two other experiments showed that the similarity between the chemical profiles of CLs of Mechanitis po/ymnia and So/anum tabacifolium was the responsible for the defence against Camponotus crassus. The larvae would be chemically camouflaged on the leaves for an approaching ant that would not be able to distinguish the larvae from the leaf
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Books on the topic "Polynia"

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Klassen, Joachim. Wechselwirkung der Klima-Subsysteme: Atmosphäre, Meereis, und Ozean im Bereich einer Weddellmeer-Polynia. Bonn: Dümmler, 1996.

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Khati︠u︡shin, Valeriĭ. God Polyni: Stikhi. Moskva: Sov. pisatelʹ, 1990.

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Ilishkin, Naran. Sladkiĭ zapakh polyni. Ėlista: TOO "Alʹi͡a︡ns", 1994.

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Semenov, Alekseĭ. Listʹi͡a︡ polyni: [roman]. Sankt-Peterburg: Izd-vo "Azbuka", 2000.

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Milera, J. M. Fernández. Polymita. La Habana: Editorial Científico-Técnica, 1987.

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Soboli͡ev, Oleh. Gorʹkiĭ zapakh polyni: Roman. Simferopolʹ: "Tavrii͡a", 1987.

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Kontoleōn, Manos. Polytima dōra. Athēna: Ekdoseis Patakē, 2009.

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In Polynesia. Christchurch, N.Z: Hazard Press, 2001.

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Aliev, Khabib. Vetka gorʹkoĭ polyni: Romany, povesti. Moskva: Sov. pisatelʹ, 1985.

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Amelʹchenko, V. P. Biosistematika polyneĭ Sibiri. Kemerovo: Irbis, 2006.

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Book chapters on the topic "Polynia"

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Sastry, K. Subramanya, Bikash Mandal, John Hammond, S. W. Scott, and R. W. Briddon. "Polymnia suffruticosa." In Encyclopedia of Plant Viruses and Viroids, 1911. New Delhi: Springer India, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-81-322-3912-3_730.

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Borgmann, Hendrik. "Polyuria." In Urology at a Glance, 23–25. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-54859-8_5.

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Gooch, Jan W. "Polymin." In Encyclopedic Dictionary of Polymers, 567. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-6247-8_9157.

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Taylor, Ann C. M. "French Polynesia." In International Handbook of Universities, 319. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-12912-6_49.

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Hartmann, H. E. K. "Polymita Ruschioideae." In Aizoaceae, 1003–5. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-49260-4_110.

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Walworth, Mary. "Eastern Polynesia." In The Routledge Handbook of Language Contact, 462–79. London ; New York : Routledge, 2020. | Series: Routledge handbooks in linguistics: Routledge, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781351109154-28.

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Bouma, Gary D., Rod Ling, and Douglas Pratt. "French Polynesia." In Religious Diversity in Southeast Asia and the Pacific, 143–47. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-90-481-3389-5_15.

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Mueller-Dombois, Dieter, and F. Raymond Fosberg. "Central Polynesia." In Ecological Studies, 314–40. New York, NY: Springer New York, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-8686-3_6.

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Mueller-Dombois, Dieter, and F. Raymond Fosberg. "Western Polynesia." In Ecological Studies, 341–84. New York, NY: Springer New York, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-8686-3_7.

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Mueller-Dombois, Dieter, and F. Raymond Fosberg. "Eastern Polynesia." In Ecological Studies, 385–460. New York, NY: Springer New York, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-8686-3_8.

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Conference papers on the topic "Polynia"

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Cong, Jason, and Jie Wang. "PolySA." In ICCAD '18: IEEE/ACM INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON COMPUTER-AIDED DESIGN. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3240765.3240838.

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Xie, Xiaolei, Yongliang Wei, and Yu Zhang. "Comparison of Retrieval Methods of Arctic Polynya Area." In IGARSS 2018 - 2018 IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium. IEEE, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/igarss.2018.8517764.

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Mills, Sara. "Green Imperialism in French Polynesia." In Conference of the Youth Environmental Alliance in Higher Education. Michigan Technological University, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.37099/mtu.dc.yeah-conference/2020/all-events/16.

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Selvarajan, L., A. Wiskin, E. Volonaki, C. Spray, B. Sandhu, and D. Basude. "G201(P) Neonatal polyuria; be suspicious." In Royal College of Paediatrics and Child Health, Abstracts of the Annual Conference, 24–26 May 2017, ICC, Birmingham. BMJ Publishing Group Ltd and Royal College of Paediatrics and Child Health, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/archdischild-2017-313087.198.

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Allen, S., T. D. McLean, P. F. Gordon, B. D. Bothwell, P. Robin, and I. Ledoux. "Properties Of Polyenic Langmuir Blodgett Films." In 32nd Annual Technical Symposium, edited by Garo Khanarian. SPIE, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.948234.

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Nan, Liangliang, and Peter Wonka. "PolyFit: Polygonal Surface Reconstruction from Point Clouds." In 2017 IEEE International Conference on Computer Vision (ICCV). IEEE, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iccv.2017.258.

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Anagnostopoulos, Vasilios, Sotiris Chatzis, Constantinos Lalos, Anastasios Doulamis, Dimitrios Kosmopoulos, Theodora Varvarigou, Helmut Neuschmied, et al. "A Cross Media Platform for Personalized Leisure & Entertainment: The POLYMNIA Approach." In 2006 2nd International Conference on Automated Production of Cross Media. IEEE, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/axmedis.2006.3.

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Kim, So-Jeong. "Ecological Roles of Dominant Bacteria from Amundsen Sea Polynya Using Metagenomic Analysis." In Goldschmidt2020. Geochemical Society, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.46427/gold2020.1313.

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Li, Ziqiang, Hongli Fu, Jinping Zhao, and Xue Li. "Investigation of Polynya Area in the Arctic Using Morphology Image-Processing Techniques." In 2012 2nd International Conference on Remote Sensing, Environment and Transportation Engineering (RSETE). IEEE, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/rsete.2012.6260603.

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Zolotarev, V. N., I. S. Ivanov, and O. N. Lyubtseva. "Phytocenotic selection of perennial grasses as a factor of increasing the productivity of mixed agrophytocenoses." In Растениеводство и луговодство. Тимирязевская сельскохозяйственная академия, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.26897/978-5-9675-1762-4-2020-96.

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Based on the analysis of data available in the literature and our own experimental material on phytocenotic selection of the stony stalk (Bromopsis inermis Holub.) the important role of competition between plants in the field for the creation of new varieties of perennial grasses that provide high yields of feed polyvid agrophytocenoses is shown.
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Reports on the topic "Polynia"

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Taylor, R. B., and D. Hodgson. Coastal Studies in the Canadian Arctic Archipelago, Brock, Devon, Prince Patrick and the Polynia Islands, N.w.t. Natural Resources Canada/ESS/Scientific and Technical Publishing Services, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/132383.

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Hodos, Travis, and Wilbert Weijer. Atmospheric Response to Weddell Sea Open-Ocean Polynya. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), July 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1191124.

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Wallace, D. W. R., W. J. Behrens, T. S. Hopkins, C. Kinder, J. Deming, W. O. Smith, Z. Top, and I. D. Walsh. Collaborative research on the Northeast Water Polynya: NEWP92 hydrographic data report. USCGC Polar Sea cruise, July 15--August 15, 1992. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), June 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/102497.

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Chapman, David C., and Glen Gawarkiewicz. Modeling the Formation and Offshore Transport of Dense Water from High-Latitude Coastal Polynyas. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, September 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada609741.

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Chapman, David C., and Glen Gawarkiewicz. Modeling the Formation and Offshore Transport of Dense Water from High-Latitude Coastal Polynyas. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, September 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada626072.

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Minnett, P. J. Measurements of the summer surface heat budget of the Northeast Water Polynya. USCGC Polar Sea cruise, July 15--August 15, 1992. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), March 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/10150784.

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Chapman, David C., and Glen Gawarkiewicz. Modeling the Formation and Offshore Transport of Dense Shelf Water from High-Latitude Coastal Polynyas. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, August 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada629226.

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Fan, Zhipeng, Zhaodi Wang, Jiashuai Deng, and Yong Jiang. Jingui Shenqi Pill for Nocturia Due to Nocturnal Polyuria A protocol for systematic review and meta-analysis. INPLASY - International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols, November 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.37766/inplasy2020.11.0048.

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Veneziani, Carmela. Report Viewgraphs for IC project: Is high resolution or a more realistic bathymetry necessary to simulate Maud Rise polynyas in the Southern Ocean? Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), May 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1782619.

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Understanding and managing nocturnal polyuria. BJUI Knowledge, June 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.18591/bjuik.0008.

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