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Academic literature on the topic 'Polyolefins'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 21 December 2024

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Journal articles on the topic "Polyolefins"

1

Zhang, Ni, Mingzhu Ding, and Yingjin Yuan. "Current Advances in Biodegradation of Polyolefins." Microorganisms 10, no. 8 (July 29, 2022): 1537. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms10081537.

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Polyolefins, including polyethylene (PE), polypropylene (PP) and polystyrene (PS), are widely used plastics in our daily life. The excessive use of plastics and improper handling methods cause considerable pollution in the environment, as well as waste of energy. The biodegradation of polyolefins seems to be an environmentally friendly and low-energy consumption method for plastics degradation. Many strains that could degrade polyolefins have been isolated from the environment. Some enzymes have also been identified with the function of polyolefin degradation. With the development of synthetic biology and metabolic engineering strategies, engineered strains could be used to degrade plastics. This review summarizes the current advances in polyolefin degradation, including isolated and engineered strains, enzymes and related pathways. Furthermore, a novel strategy for polyolefin degradation by artificial microbial consortia is proposed, which would be helpful for the efficient degradation of polyolefin.

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Kresge, E. N. "Polyolefin Thermoplastic Elastomer Blends." Rubber Chemistry and Technology 64, no. 3 (July 1, 1991): 469–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.5254/1.3538564.

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Abstract Thermoplastic elastomers based on blends of polyolefins are an important family of engineering materials. Their importance arises from a combination of rubbery properties along with their thermoplastic nature in contrast to thermoset elastomers. The development of polyolefin thermoplastic elastomer blends follows somewhat that of thermoplastic elastomers based on block copolymers such as styrene-butadiene-styrene triblock copolymer and multisegmented polyurethane thermoplastic elastomers which were instrumental in showing the utility of thermoplastic processing methods. Polyoleflns are based on coordination catalysts that do not easily lend themselves to block or multisegmented copolymer synthesis. However, since polyolefins have many important attributes favorable to useful elastomeric systems, there was considerable incentive to produce thermoplastic elastomers based on simple α-olefins by some means. Low density, chemical stability, weather resistance, and ability to accept compounding ingredients without compromising physical properties are highly desirable. These considerations led to the development of polyolefin thermoplastic elastomer blends, and two types are now widely used: blends of ethylene-propylene rubber (EPM) with polypropylene (PP) and blends of EPDM and PP in which the rubber phase is highly crosslinked. This article reviews the nature of these blends. Both physical and Theological properties are very dependent on the morphology and crosslink density of the blend system. Moreover, the usefulness of practical systems depends extensively on compounding technology based on added plasticizers and fillers.

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Goring, Paul D., Colin Morton, and Peter Scott. "End-functional polyolefins for block copolymer synthesis." Dalton Transactions 48, no. 11 (2019): 3521–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c9dt00087a.

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4

Najaf Kakhramanov, Najaf Kakhramanov, Khayala Allakhverdiyeva Khayala Allakhverdiyeva, Qalina Martynova Qalina Martynova, Fatima Mustafayeva Fatima Mustafayeva, Yunis Kahramanli Yunis Kahramanli, Nazim Sadikhov Nazim Sadikhov, and Azer Amirov Azer Amirov. "New Approaches for the Interpretation of the Structure and Phase Transitions in Nanocomposites Based on Modified Polyolefins and Technical Carbon." Journal of the chemical society of pakistan 45, no. 2 (2023): 119. http://dx.doi.org/10.52568/0012142/jcsp/45.02.2023.

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The results of the investigation of the thermomechanical characteristics of maleinized polyolefine-based nanocomposite materials with different carbon black content are presented. The high density polyethylene, low density polyethylene and polypropylene were used as polyolefins. Highly structured amorphous carbon black of the Printex XE 2B brand with a nanoparticle size of 20 nm, introduced into the composition of the polyolefin in an amount of 1.0–20 wt%, was used as technical carbon. To improve the compatibility of polyolefins with technical carbon, a compatibilizer was used – high-density polyethylene graft copolymer with 5-6 wt% maleic anhydride (PEMA) brand Exxelor PO1040 and polypropylene graft copolymer with 5-6 wt% maleic anhydride (PPMA) brand Exxelor PO1020. The compatibilizer was introduced into the composition of polyolefins in the amount of 2.0 wt%. An electron microscopic, derivatographic and X-ray diffraction analysis of nanocomposites with different technical carbon content was carried out. Thermomechanical studies were carried out on a Kanavets instrument. It was found that with an increase in the content of technical carbon within 1.0, 5.0, 10, 20 wt%, the regularity of change in the thermomechanical curves undergoes significant changes. At a technical carbon concentration of 10 and 20 wt%, an area as a plateau appears on the thermomechanical curves. The most thermally stable plateau appeared for nanocomposites based on maleized LDPE* and PP* with 20 wt% technical carbon content. New scientific approaches are presented for interpreting the discovered regularities, taking into account modern theoretical concepts of the supramolecular crystal structure of nanocomposites and the interfacial amorphous region.

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Fazekas, Timothy J., Jill W. Alty, Eliza K. Neidhart, Austin S. Miller, Frank A. Leibfarth, and Erik J. Alexanian. "Diversification of aliphatic C–H bonds in small molecules and polyolefins through radical chain transfer." Science 375, no. 6580 (February 4, 2022): 545–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.abh4308.

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The ability to selectively introduce diverse functionality onto hydrocarbons is of substantial value in the synthesis of both small molecules and polymers. Herein, we report an approach to aliphatic carbon–hydrogen bond diversification using radical chain transfer featuring an easily prepared O -alkenylhydroxamate reagent, which upon mild heating facilitates a range of challenging or previously undeveloped aliphatic carbon–hydrogen bond functionalizations of small molecules and polyolefins. This broad reaction platform enabled the functionalization of postconsumer polyolefins in infrastructure used to process plastic waste. Furthermore, the chemoselective placement of ionic functionality onto a branched polyolefin using carbon–hydrogen bond functionalization upcycled the material from a thermoplastic into a tough elastomer with the tensile properties of high-value polyolefin ionomers.

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Silva-Vela, Alejandro, Francine Roudet, Nataly Calderón, Paul Huanca-Zuñiga, Danny Tupayachy-Quispe, and Jonathan Almirón. "Study of the Mechanical Properties of Polymer Composites Based on Polyolefins with the Addition of Rice Husk and Compatibilizer." Materials Science Forum 1053 (February 17, 2022): 9–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/p-804xor.

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The present work studies the mechanical behavior of rice husk as a reinforcement element in mixtures of polyolefins. The composites were made by polyolefin mixtures of 30% LDPE, 40% HDPE and 30% PP, rice husk and Polybond as a compatibilizer. Samples for the tensile test were prepared by injection and compressive methods. The results confirm that rice husk alongside the compatibilizer bring about positively in the strength of composites. In reference to the adherence of rice husk to the mixture of polyolefins, which was studied from the microstructure of composites, the addition of compatibilizer improves the adherence between the polyolefins and rice husk, and thereby the quality in the fracture surface. These composites are considered to be a good alternative for the recovery of plastic agricultural waste.

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7

Christakopoulos, Fotis, Paul M. H. van Heugten, and Theo A. Tervoort. "Additive Manufacturing of Polyolefins." Polymers 14, no. 23 (November 26, 2022): 5147. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym14235147.

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Polyolefins are semi-crystalline thermoplastic polymers known for their good mechanical properties, low production cost, and chemical resistance. They are amongst the most commonly used plastics, and many polyolefin grades are regarded as engineering polymers. The two main additive manufacturing techniques that can be used to fabricate 3D-printed parts are fused filament fabrication and selective laser sintering. Polyolefins, like polypropylene and polyethylene, can, in principle, be processed with both these techniques. However, the semi-crystalline nature of polyolefins adds complexity to the use of additive manufacturing methods compared to amorphous polymers. First, the crystallization process results in severe shrinkage upon cooling, while the processing temperature and cooling rate affect the mechanical properties and mesoscopic structure of the fabricated parts. In addition, for ultra-high-molecular weight polyolefins, limited chain diffusion is a major obstacle to achieving proper adhesion between adjunct layers. Finally, polyolefins are typically apolar polymers, which reduces the adhesion of the 3D-printed part to the substrate. Notwithstanding these difficulties, it is clear that the successful processing of polyolefins via additive manufacturing techniques would enable the fabrication of high-end engineering products with enormous design flexibility. In addition, additive manufacturing could be utilized for the increased recycling of plastics. This manuscript reviews the work that has been conducted in developing experimental protocols for the additive manufacturing of polyolefins, presenting a comparison between the different approaches with a focus on the use of polyethylene and polypropylene grades. This review is concluded with an outlook for future research to overcome the current challenges that impede the addition of polyolefins to the standard palette of materials processed through additive manufacturing.

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Pasch, Harald, Lars-Christian Heinz, Tibor Macko, and Wolf Hiller. "High-temperature gradient HPLC and LC-NMR for the analysis of complex polyolefins." Pure and Applied Chemistry 80, no. 8 (January 1, 2008): 1747–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1351/pac200880081747.

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The synthesis and characterization of polyolefins continues to be one of the most important areas for academic and industrial polymer research. One consequence of the development of new "tailor-made" polyolefins is the need for new and improved analytical techniques for the analysis of polyolefins with respect to molar mass and chemical composition distribution. The present article briefly reviews different new and relevant techniques for polyolefin analysis. Crystallization analysis fractionation is a powerful new technique for the analysis of short-chain branching in linear low-density polyethylene (LLDPE) and the analysis of polyolefin blends and copolymers regarding chemical composition. For the fast analysis of the chemical composition distribution, a new high-temperature gradient high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) system has been developed. The efficiency of this system for the separation of various olefin copolymers is demonstrated. The correlation between molar mass and chemical composition can be accessed by on-line coupling of high-temperature size exclusion chromatography (HT-SEC) and 1H NMR spectroscopy. It is shown that the on-line NMR analysis of chromatographic fractions yields information on microstructure and tacticity in addition to molar mass and copolymer composition.

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Tumasev, R. V., O. A. Arkatov, M. A. Goryaynov, V. K. Dudchenko, E. A. Mayer, and A. N. Pestryakov. "Modernization of Technology and Organization of Production of Triethylaluminium Co-Catalyst for Olefin Polymerization." Advanced Materials Research 772 (September 2013): 15–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.772.15.

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Actual and prospective Russian market of polyolefins is analyzed. Growth of polyolefin capacities and triethylaluminium consumption as co-catalyst with Ti-Mg catalysts for polypropylene production in Russian Federation is shown. Quality of Russian and foreign triethylaluminium is compared. Project of modernization of TEA installation at Tomskneftekhim LTD is presented.

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Shi, Bo, and Mike Shlepr. "Thermoplastic films containing lignin and their optical polarization properties." Journal of Polymer Engineering 36, no. 5 (July 1, 2016): 521–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/polyeng-2015-0052.

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Abstract A soda lignin, Protobind 2400, was blended at ratios up to thirty weight percent with polyolefins or the aliphatic-aromatic copolyester Ecoflex and films were cast with a twin-screw extruder. The mechanical properties, structure, and optical properties of the resultant films were characterized by tensile tests and microscopy. Films for all blends of this modified lignin were successfully cast without operational issues. Film elongation was maintained for both the polyolefins and Ecoflex. Lignin significantly increased the modulus of the polyethylene films but decreased the modulus of the polypropylene and Ecoflex films. Lignin was found as lamellae oriented in the machine direction of the polyolefin films, but as spherical domains in the Ecoflex film. It was concluded that the oriented lamellar structure was critical to the behavior of the polyolefin-lignin blends as optical polarization films (OPFs). Additional development around improvement of this property, which for the prototypes produced here was about one-tenth the efficiency of commercially available OPFs, to produce a sustainable OPF was recommended.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Polyolefins"

1

Назаренко, В. В. "Polyolefins in Packing." Thesis, Київський національний університет технологій та дизайну, 2017. https://er.knutd.edu.ua/handle/123456789/7345.

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Ofoma, Ifedinma. "Catalytic Pyrolysis of Polyolefins." Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/10439.

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Due to the migration of scientists towards green chemistry, landfilling and incineration will no longer be acceptable options for plastics waste disposal in the future. Consequently new methods for recycling plastics and plastic products such as carpets are being researched. This study serves as a preliminary effort to study the catalytic feedstock recycling of polyolefins, specifically PP and PE, as source for gasoline range fuels, as well as an alternative for plastic waste disposal. Several studies have been conducted on the pyrolysis of waste polyolefins using commercial cracking catalysts (FCC), however, the effect of catalyst size and mode of catalyst dispersion have been studied sparsely. This thesis proposes to study these effects in the catalytic pyrolysis of polypropylene (PP), a component of carpets, using both fresh and used FCC catalysts. The same study will be applied to polyethylene (PE), which accounts for an enormous amount of municipal solid waste in the US today. Furthermore, the catalytic impact of calcium carbonate, a filler component of tufted carpet, will be investigated. Using thermogravimetric analysis, the global kinetics of the PP pyrolysis using various FCC catalysts will be derived and applied in the modeling of the pyrolysis reaction in a twin screw extruder. Furthermore, an economic analysis on the catalytic pyrolysis of PP is presented.

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Hall, Denise K. "Factors affecting adhesion to polyolefins." Thesis, Loughborough University, 1994. https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/31958.

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Factors affecting the adhesion of paint to polyolefins have been studied. These include solvent pre-treatment, types of primer and their method of interaction, flame treatment and the addition of a surface migratory additive to the polyolefin. Surface analysis techniques X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), attenuated total reflection infra-red spectroscopy (FTIR-ATR) and contact angle measurements were used along with electron microscopy, diffusion measurements and a lap shear test. Sol vent treatments were found to affect the topography of surface, as determined by atomic force microscopy, this causes a reduction in the receding contact angle of water indicating a reduced tendency for the coating to de-wet. This gives a greater joint strength. In the case of chlorinated polyolefin primers it has been shown that chain entanglement at the polymer/primer interface is an important factor determining the joint strength and can account for up to 50% of the strength in the systems studied. Chemical interaction between the polyolefin and the paint produced after flame treatment of the polyolefin improves adhesion. Factors determining migration of additives to the polymer surface have been studied. Surface migratory material has been identified but formation of weak boundary layers can lead to little or no improvement in adhesion properties. Further work is needed in this area.

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4

Smith, P. W. R. "NMR investigations of solid polyolefins." Thesis, University of East Anglia, 1986. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.373108.

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France, C. N. "Some morphological aspects of polyolefins." Thesis, University of Southampton, 1988. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.381233.

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Lungu, Cristian 1968. "Crystallization behavior and kinetics of polyolefins." Thesis, McGill University, 2000. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=31061.

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In order to understand crystallization behavior and to predict polymer resin properties, crystallization kinetics and morphology studies are performed. Thermal analysis of sixteen polyethylene and polypropylene resins was carried out, using Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) to study the crystallization kinetics and mechanism of crystallization. Attention is given to different polyethylene grades, particularly linear low-density polyethylenes (LLDPE) manufactured with Ziegler-Natta and metallocene catalysts. The polymers are obtained with different monomers (1-butene, 1-hexene or 1-octene). Some polymers are based on gas phase polymerization, while others are based on solution polymerization. The isothermal crystallization data were treated to account for transients and to compensate for instrument errors. The data were fitted to the Avrami and Tobin equations, and the corresponding kinetic parameters are reported. The non-isothermal data were fitted to the Ziabicki equation, in order to determine the relevant parameters. Subsequently, the non-isothermal data were compared to the predictions of the Nakamura equation, with good agreement. An effort was made to compare the isothermal and non-isothermal crystallization behavior of the various resins to evaluate the effect of co-monomer and catalyst type. The results indicate significant differences among the resins, and reveal the utility of the DSC as a tool for distinguishing the characteristics of the various resins.

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7

Kefaleas, Christos. "Physical properties of molecules in polyolefins." Thesis, University of Sussex, 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.391878.

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8

Harding, Gareth. "The structure-property relationships of polyolefins." Thesis, Stellenbosch : University of Stellenbosch, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/1386.

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Thesis (PhD (Chemistry and Polymer Science))--University of Stellenbosch, 2009
Polypropylene is an extremely versatile material and has a broad spectrum of applications due to the variations in properties which are possible with this material. The variations in the properties of the material are governed by the microstructure of the chains constituting the polymer. The microstructure varies according to the production methods, i.e. the polymerisation conditions. Varying the manner in which the polymer is produced therefore changes the properties of the material allowing the polymers’ use for different applications. The most important factor affecting the way in which the polymers are produced is the nature of the active sites on the catalyst. Changing the chemical environment of the active sites changes the way in which the polymerisation is controlled and greatly affects the types of chains produced and thus polymer properties. The study examines the structure-property relationships of polyolefins with specific focus on the polypropylene homopolymer. The temperature rising elution fractionation (TREF) technique is used extensively in order to isolate specific fractions of the polymer. The importance of specific TREF fractions is investigated via a two pronged investigative methodology. On the one hand specific TREF fractions are removed from a sample, allowing the analysis of the properties of the material without that specific fraction, thereby revealing the influence which the fraction in question has on the properties. The other branch of the study investigates the chemical modification of the active sites of a Ziegler-Natta catalyst so as to be able to modify the properties of the polymer in the reactor, in a similar manner to physically removing fractions. The techniques are related and it was discovered that the amount of the fractions of the polymer, found to be important using the one technique, also turned out to be important using the other method. Initial method development work utilised a polypropylene-1-pentene copolymer since the molecular heterogeneity of this material is such that large differences are observed upon removal of fractions. The technique was then applied to a Ziegler-Natta catalysed polypropylene homopolymer. Each TREF fraction is successively removed and the residual material analysed. Specific TREF fractions were found to play a significant role in determining the polymer properties since there was a drastic reduction in properties upon removal of these fractions. The polymerisation of propylene was also performed at a variety of conditions in order to investigate different ways in which the catalyst system could be modified. Specific reaction conditions were chosen for in-depth analysis and structure-property correlation. The chemical modification of the active sites was accomplished via the introduction of an external Lewis base (electron donor) to the polymerisation system, and also by varying the external donor/catalyst ratio used. Two different external donors were used during the study namely Diphenyl-dimethoxysilane (DPDMS) and methyl-phenyl-dimethoxysilane (MPDMS). It is observed that there are definite links between the amounts of specific fractions present in the polymer and the polymer properties, as observed via both the physical removal of fractions and the chemical modification of active sites.

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CARMELI, ENRICO. "Crystallization behaviour of recycled polyolefins blends." Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Genova, 2022. http://hdl.handle.net/11567/1071022.

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A novel tailor-made thermal fractionation protocol, based on the Successive Self-nucleation and Annealing (SSA) method, was developed to investigate the complex chemical composition of PE/PP blends derived from recycling. The temperature regions where co-crystallization among the blend components do not occur were assessed, enabling the development of the quantitative method. Furthermore, a set-up for achieving Continuous Cooling Curve diagrams was designed, and allowed to study the crystallization kinetics at processing-relevant cooling conditions of the phases in the blends. An “inversion point” in the crystallization order of the two polymers arises from the difference in crystallization rates between PP and PE with increasing cooling rate. Mutual nucleating effects, found at the interface between the phases, correlate with the inversion point. Moreover, the order of crystallization of the two polymers at low cooling rates, i.e., before the inversion point, can be tuned by employing neat or nucleated PP. This demonstrates the importance of knowing and controlling the type of components in recycled blends. Finally, the nature of such nucleating effects was revealed by a novel approach for studying surface-induced crystallization in the blends. The method consists of detecting variations in the crystallization kinetics of the dispersed phase (PE) with changing the crystalline state of the matrix (PP) through self-nucleation. The enhancement of crystallization kinetics of PE that was achieved when increasing the lamellar thickness of PP, together with the very low value found for the interfacial free energy difference, are evidence that such nucleating effects occur through epitaxial growth.

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Luruli, Nyambeni. "New synthetic and characterization strategies for polyolefins." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/21672.

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Thesis (PhD)--University of Stellenbosch, 2006.
ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Metalloxycarbene complexes [(CO)5M1=O(R)M2(Cl)L2] (M1 = Cr , W; M2 = Zr, Hf; L = Cp, Cp*) were synthesized from the reaction between anionic Fischer-type carbene complex salts [(CO)5M1=C(O)R][NEt4] and metallocene chlorides. The molecular and crystal structures of [(CO)5W=C(Me)OZr(Cp)2Cl], [(CO)5Cr=C(Me)OZr(Cp)2Cl] and [(CO)5W=C(Ph)OHf(Cl)Cp2] determined by X-ray methods, show a short Ccarbene-O and relatively long O-Zr and O-Hf separations. Metalloxycarbene complexes in the presence of MAO are active catalysts for homo- and copolymerization of -olefins and produce polymers with heterogeneous properties. 1-Pentene oligomers, homopolymers of ethylene and ethylene/1-pentene copolymers were successfully synthesized using metalloxycarbenes/MAO and the results obtained were critically compared with those synthesized with metallocene/MAO catalysts. The GC and GPC show that 1-pentene oligomers produced with both metalloxycarbenes and metallocenes catalysts range from simple dimers to more complicated high molecular weight (2 600 g/mol) products. The properties of polyethylene and ethylene/1-pentene copolymers were evaluated by, among others, GPC, SEC-FTIR, preparative molecular weight fractionation and HPer DSC. Generally the polymers obtained using metalloxycarbene/MAO catalysts have broad and bimodal molecular weight distributions. The copolymers have higher concentration of 1- pentene in the lower molecular weight fraction than those produced with metallocene/MAO as shown by SEC-FTIR. Consequently, HPer DSC shows a decrease of melting and crystallization temperature towards the low molecular weight fractions.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Metaaloksikarbeenkomplekse [(CO)5M1=C(R)OM2(Cl)L2] (M1 = Cr , W; M2 = Zr, Hf; L = Cp, Cp*] is gesintetiseer in die reaksie tussen anioniese Fischer-tipe karbeenkomplekssoute, [(CO)5M1=C(O)R][NEt4], en metalloseen dichloriedes. Die molekulêre- en kristalstrukture van [(CO)5W=C(Me)OZr(Cp)2Cl], [(CO)5Cr=C(Me)OZr(Cp)2Cl] en [(CO)5W=C(Ph)OHf(Cl)Cp2] bepaal deur X-straalkristallografiese metodes, toon die aanwesigheid van kort Ckarbeen-O- en relatief lang O-Zr- en O-Hf-bindings. Metaaloksikarbeenkomplekse, in die aanwesigheid van MAO, is aktiewe katalisatore vir die homo- en ko-polimerisering van α-olefiene en is verantwoordelik vir die vorming van polimere met heterogene eienskappe. 1-Penteen oligomere, homopolimere van etileen en etileen/1-penteen ko-polimere is suksesvol gesintetiseer met metaaloksikarbeenkomplekse/MAO en die resultate sodoende verkry, is krities vergelyk met produkte gesintetiseer vanuit metalloseen/MAO prekatalisatore. Die GC en GPC resultate toon dat die 1-penteen oligomere, geproduseer met beide metaaloksikarbeenkomplekse en metallosene, kan wissel van eenvoudige dimere tot meer komplekse, hoë molekulêre massa (2 600g/mol) produkte. Die polietileen en etileen/1- penteen ko-polimere is gekarakteriseer deur onder andere gevorderde, GPC, SEC-FTIR, preparatiewe molekulêre massa fraksionering en HPer DSC. In die algemeen het die polimere verkry met metaaloksikarbeen/MAO katalisatore, breë en bimodale molekulêre massaverspreidings. Die ko-polimere bevat hoër konsentrasies van 1-penteen in die lae molekulêre massa fraksie in vergelyking met dié gevorm vanuit metalloseen/MAO–gekataliseerde mengsels, soos aangedui deur SEC-FTIR-analise. HperDSC wys 'n verlaging in smelt- en kristallisasietemperature in die laer molekulêre massa fraksies.

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Books on the topic "Polyolefins"

1

White, James L., and David D. Choi. Polyolefins. München: Carl Hanser Verlag GmbH & Co. KG, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.3139/9783446413030.

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White, James L., and David D. Choi. Polyolefins. München, Germany: Carl Hanser Verlag GmbH & Co. KG, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-446-41303-0.

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Seymour, Raymond B., and Tai Cheng, eds. History of Polyolefins. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-5472-4.

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Seymour, Raymond B., and Tai Cheng, eds. Advances in Polyolefins. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-9095-5.

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5

1942-, Vasile Cornelia, ed. Handbook of polyolefins. 2nd ed. New York: Marcel Dekker, 2000.

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6

Baneesh, N. S., P. S. Sari, Tatana Vackova, and Sabu Thomas, eds. Plasma Modification of Polyolefins. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-52264-3.

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Chung, T. C., ed. New Advances in Polyolefins. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-2992-7.

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C, Chung T., ed. New advances in polyolefins. New York: Plenum Press, 1993.

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Chung, T. C. New Advances in Polyolefins. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1993.

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Albertsson, Ann-Christine, ed. Long Term Properties of Polyolefins. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/b13502.

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Book chapters on the topic "Polyolefins"

1

Saunders, K. J. "Polyolefins." In Organic Polymer Chemistry, 46–75. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-1195-6_2.

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Fiscus, David, Antonios Doufas, and Sudhin Datta. "Polyolefins." In Springer Handbook of Petroleum Technology, 1081–116. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-49347-3_37.

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van Lierop, Ben, Laurence Castle, Alexandre Feigenbaum, and Achim Boenke. "Polyolefins." In Spectra for the Identification of Additives in Food Packaging, 411–15. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-5222-8_81.

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MCMILLAN, FRANK M. "Polyolefins." In ACS Symposium Series, 333–61. Washington, D.C.: American Chemical Society, 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/bk-1985-0285.ch016.

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Veit, Dieter. "Polyolefins." In Fibers, 693–720. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-15309-9_33.

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White, James L., and David D. Choi. "Origins of Polyolefins." In Polyolefins, 1–22. München: Carl Hanser Verlag GmbH & Co. KG, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.3139/9783446413030.001.

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White, James L., and David D. Choi. "Characterization Methods." In Polyolefins, 23–47. München: Carl Hanser Verlag GmbH & Co. KG, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.3139/9783446413030.002.

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White, James L., and David D. Choi. "Crystallography of Polyolefins." In Polyolefins, 49–73. München: Carl Hanser Verlag GmbH & Co. KG, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.3139/9783446413030.003.

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White, James L., and David D. Choi. "Single Crystals: Structural Hierarchy and Morphology." In Polyolefins, 75–90. München: Carl Hanser Verlag GmbH & Co. KG, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.3139/9783446413030.004.

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White, James L., and David D. Choi. "Spherulites and Quiescent Crystallization." In Polyolefins, 91–105. München: Carl Hanser Verlag GmbH & Co. KG, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.3139/9783446413030.005.

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Conference papers on the topic "Polyolefins"

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Yuliu, Zhifei, Yuqing Luo, and Marianthi Ierapetritou. "Design of Plastic Waste Chemical Recycling Process Considering Uncertainty." In Foundations of Computer-Aided Process Design, 229–35. Hamilton, Canada: PSE Press, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.69997/sct.126108.

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Chemical recycling of plastics is a promising technology to reduce carbon footprint and ease the pressure of waste treatment. Specifically, highly efficient conversion technologies for polyolefins will be the most effective solution to address the plastic waste crisis, given that polyolefins are the primary contributors to global plastic production. Significant challenges encountered by plastic waste valorization facilities include the uncertainty in the composition of the waste feedstock, process yield, and product price. These variabilities can lead to compromised performance or even render operations infeasible. To address these challenges, this work applied the robust optimization-based framework to design an integrated polyolefin chemical recycling plant. Data-driven surrogate model was built to capture the separation units� behavior and reduce the computational complexity of the optimization problem. It was found that when process yield and price uncertainties were considered, wax products became more favorable, and pyrolysis became the preferred reaction technology.

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St. Clair, David J. "Polyolefin Diol in Coatings for Thermoplastic Polyolefins." In International Congress & Exposition. 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA, United States: SAE International, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/980707.

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Makio, Haruyuki, and Terunori Fujita. "Polyolefins – Challenges for the Future." In 14th Asia Pacific Confederation of Chemical Engineering Congress. Singapore: Research Publishing Services, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.3850/978-981-07-1445-1_760.

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Qiao, Bo, G. Teyssedre, C. Laurent, and N. Shimizu. "The significance of electroluminescence in polyolefins." In 2016 IEEE International Conference on Dielectrics (ICD). IEEE, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icd.2016.7547751.

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Chikhradze, Nikoloz. "STABILIZATION�AND�REINFORCING�OF�THE�POLYOLEFINS." In SGEM2012 12th International Multidisciplinary Scientific GeoConference and EXPO. Stef92 Technology, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.5593/sgem2012/s21.v4017.

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Uray, A., G. Riess, T. Lucyshyn, C. Holzer, and W. Kern. "Crosslinked polyolefins using a modified filler." In MATERIALS CHARACTERIZATION USING X-RAYS AND RELATED TECHNIQUES. Author(s), 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.5088309.

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Tartakowski, Zenon, Katarzyna Cimander, and Jan Bursa. "Modified polyolefins with reduced electrostatic properties." In 2018 Innovative Materials and Technologies in Electrical Engineering (i-MITEL). IEEE, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/imitel.2018.8370487.

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Somayajula, Harish. "De-Carbonisation Through Energy Management." In ADIPEC. SPE, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/211098-ms.

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Borouge, established in 1998 in Abu Dhabi by the Abu Dhabi National Oil Company (ADNOC) and Austria based Borealis, is a leading petrochemical company that provides innovative and differentiated polyolefin solutions. Combining the strengths and experience of its majority shareholders ADNOC and Borealis, Borouge serves a wide range of industries including energy, infrastructure, mobility, advanced packaging, healthcare and agriculture. As a strategic and successful partnership at Borouge, we employ more than 3,100 people with over 50 nationalities, serving customers in over 50 countries across the Middle East, Asia and Africa. Abu Dhabi Polymers Company Limited (Borouge) ("ADP"), headquartered in Abu Dhabi and the sales and marketing joint venture, Borouge Pte Limited ("PTE"), headquartered in Singapore. ADP consists of the main manufacturing activity of Borouge, whereas PTE consists of the marketing arm of the Borouge business. Our petrochemicals and polyolefins manufacturing plant is located in Ruwais at a distance of about 250 km west of Abu Dhabi City. The facility is now one of the largest fully integrated single-site polyolefins complex in the world, with an annual capacity to produce 5 million tonnes of polyethylene (PE) and polypropylene (PP). The complex is also the largest Borstar® process technology-based plant in the world, providing enhanced innovative bimodal polymers for a broad range of polymer applications. We remained on track to increase our production through Borouge 4, the next mega-project expansion that will significantly increase our production capacity by 2025. Moreover, we have already started-up our fifth polypropylene plant (PP5) in Ruwais.

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Van Every, Kenneth W., and William J. Long. "High-temperature GPC/IR characterization of polyolefins." In Fourier Transform Spectroscopy: Ninth International Conference, edited by John E. Bertie and Hal Wieser. SPIE, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.166762.

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Uray, A., G. Riess, T. Lucyshyn, C. Holzer, and W. Kern. "Modified talcum as crosslinking agent for polyolefins." In PROCEEDINGS OF PPS-33 : The 33rd International Conference of the Polymer Processing Society – Conference Papers. AIP Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.5121690.

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Reports on the topic "Polyolefins"

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Ahn, Andrew. Selective Laser Sintering of Polyolefins. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), March 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1963608.

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Wagener, Ken. Precision Morphology in Sulfonic, Phosphonic, Boronic, and Carboxylic Acid Polyolefins. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, November 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada606523.

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Barron, Andrew R. Tert-butylalumoxanes: Synthetic Analogs for Methylalumoxane (MAO) and New Catalytic Routes to Polyolefins and Polyketones. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, June 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada280511.

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Brüll, Robert, Hamza Mahmoud Aboelanin, Subrajeet Deshmukh, Tibor Macko, Jan-Hendrik Arndt, and Stepan Podzimek. Characterization of polyolefins using high-temperature size exclusion chromatography coupled with an infrared detector (HT-SEC-IR5). Peeref, December 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.54985/peeref.2212p1310865.

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Shewey, Megan, Patti Tibbenham, and Dan Houston. Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polyolefin Body Panels. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), October 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1600931.

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Chung, T. C. Mike. Developing a New Polyolefin Precursor for Low-Cost, High-Strength Carbon Fiber. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), May 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1808293.

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